【期末专项培优】语法填空（含解析）2025-2026学年高一上学期英语期末必刷卷人教版（2019）
文档属性
| 名称 | 【期末专项培优】语法填空（含解析）2025-2026学年高一上学期英语期末必刷卷人教版（2019） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 83.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-07-18 15:45:35 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末专项培优 语法填空
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．Getting healthy is so simple．To become healthy only（1） （require） you to make little changes in your life．For example，walk for thirty minutes every day．This can（2） （achieve） by taking the stairs at work，going shopping on foot，and walking to lunch．Walking will make you feel better，clear your mind，and get you the needed exercise for the day．
It's also a good idea（3） （change） your attitude to food．Don't eat when you feel unhappy or stressed．This is because（4） （eat） when you're upset only leads to increased（5） （problem） of weight gain and bad health．Actually，at this time，you are supposed to go for（6） walk or jog，and in this way，you'll feel better．What's more，eat the main meals when you're（7） （hunger）．Try to stay away（8） junk food，especially sugary foods．Instead，eat more fresh fruits or vegetables and other foods（9） produce healthy energy and good calories．
In a word，walking and eating（10） （proper）are two simple steps to be healthier．You'd better have a try．
2．The main reason （1） China's ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system．At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture based language，which （2） （date）back several thousand years to longgu．
Symbols （3） （carve）on animals bones and shells by ancient Chinese people．Over the years，there was （4） time when the Chinese people were divided geographically，（5） （lead） to many varieties of dialects and characters．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country，making the Chinese writing system begin to develop （6） one direction．It was of great（7） （important）in uniting the Chinese people and culture．People in modern times can read the classic （8） （work） written by Chinese in ancient （9） ．Nowadays，Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture．As China plays a greater role in （10） （globe） affairs，a large number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this （11） （amaze）language．
3．The Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant Valley is China's first national theme park for the animal．The valley including a museum claims to be the only place （1） visitors can safely observe wild Asian elephants．More than 300 wild Asian elephants are in the park，and visitors can watch the elephants dance，walk on a bridge or play with balls．A pedestrian lane runs more than 4，000（2） （meter） through the tropical forest，（3） （ensure） close contact with nature．（4） elephant museum is there for those who want to know more about the animal． "The wild elephants get annoyed if they （5） （disturb），" one of the employees Chen Jiming says．Chen（6） （take） care of wild elephants for the past 20 years．Most of Chen's colleagues are male and spend （7） （much） time with the elephants than with their own children．Elephants are not fans of strangers．（8） ，Chen and his colleagues can take only three days （9） every month． "We do not keep elephants behind iron fences （10） （permanent），so all elephants are taken out to adapt to the wild environment every day．" Chen says．
4．I'm Adam， （1） freshman in senior high school．The first week was a little （2） （confuse）．
There are some （3） （challenge） I have to face in my new school life．First，I had to think carefully about my courses．Chinese is hard to learn，but I hope I can speak it （4） （fluent） when I graduate．My adviser （5） （recommend） me to sign up for advanced literature because I'm good （6） it．Second，I had to choose my extracurricular activities．I tried （7） （join） the school football team though I couldn't do well in （8） at first．Besides that，I joined a volunteer club．In order to be well （9） （prepare） for university or whatever else （10） （come） in the future，I make up my mind to study harder and get used to new situation．
5．Do you remember a time when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night's rest？（1） （fortunate），your happy childhood is probably a thing of the past.
A recent survey has found that many people suffer（2） sleep problems.Some are unable to fall（3） （sleep），some wake up in the middle of the night，and others simply do not get enough sleep.One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night's sleep（4） （be）pressure from school or work.Noise pollution and light pollution in big（5） （city）may also contribute to sleep problems.In the short term，people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble（6） （concentrate）.In the long term，they may be at increased risk of having（7） poor memory，being overweight and suffering a heart attack.Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers.They are still growing，and night is the time when（8） （they）bodies grow faster.Teenagers who do not get enough sleep may experience situations（9） body development slows down，and their health suffers.
So，if you have a sleep problem，it might be time（10） （make） some changes in your lifestyle.
6．At age 7，Bi Ye won the great prize at the Franz Liszt International Youth Piano Competition，becoming（1） youngest winner of the prize．Praised （2） "a little piano genius（天才）" by Lang Lang，Bi Ye is a key student in the Lang Lang International Music Foundation family．Bi Ye （3） （win） eight gold medals since the age of 5．
Like other parents， （4） Bi Ye's parents wanted to do was provide their child with an extra﹣curricular activity to enrich her early years' （5） （educate）．But when Bi Ye's mother learned that playing the piano can make kids （6） （smart） and more determined，she let Bi Ye learn the piano at age 4．Three months later，Bi Ye could play and sing the song "Five Little Ducks"．
Five hours of practice might （7） （consider） difficult for a 4﹣year﹣old kid，but Bi Ye's mother （8） （happy） found she was having fun with it． "Once she sits in front of the piano，she becomes excited with her fingers （9） （touch） the keyboard，" said Bi Ye's mom．
In 2016，Bi Ye stood out from other players and finally got the chance（10） （play） the piano with Lang Lang．
7．Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响）travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become（1） （educate）about the areas ﹣ both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics，and often provides money for conservation and benefits the （2） （develop）of the local areas.
Ecotourism has（3） （it）origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept（4） the late 1980s.During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to（5） growing popularity of environmentally﹣related and adventure travel，various types （6） trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually，a true eco﹣friendly trip must meet the following principles：
Minimize the impact of（7） （visit）the place.
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide（8） （finance）aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park，officially recognized in 1980，is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.（9） （activity）there range from whale watching to hiking（远足）and accommodations aim （10） （have） a low impact on the natural environment.
8．Auckland，the largest city and chief seaport of New Zealand ，stands in the North Island．
When（1） （plan）a trip to New Zealand，most people skip over Auckland as a destination．Everyone floods into Queenstown（2） （spend） time enjoying themselves in nature．However，as anyone who（3） （visit） it knows，there are even more things to do in Auckland，compared with those in Queenstown．All of these things make it a（4） （suit） destination for all travelers．If you are a backpacker（背包客），you will like Auckland（5） you can enjoy a huge range of free or cheap things，especially in a country which is known（6） its high living costs．
The city's popular neighborhoods can（7） （explore） on foot，and the skyline can be viewed from the water．（8） （particular），you will have the chance to taste different（9） （kind）of snacks and the city doesn't shy away from a good happy hour．Give yourself（10） couple of days to enjoy it，and check out some of your favorite things to do in Auckland．Auckland，you shouldn't miss it!
9．What do the five Olympic signs on the flag represent？（1） is widely believed that the five﹣ring Olympic symbol was created by Frenchman Pierre De Coubertin in 1913.As the founder of the modern Olympic Games，he wanted （2） （celebrate）the 20 the anniversary（周年纪念） of the Games and chose a design of five rings，（3） represented the five continents（洲） taking part in the Games.The rings （4） （become） the official Olympic symbol at the 1920 Games in Belgium.Pierre de Coubertin thought that the five interlocking rings meant the five continents（5） （compete）in the Games and the meeting of their athletes at the Olympic games.（6） （actual）every part of the modern Olympic symbol and flag shows the main purpose of the Games in a particular way.The Olympic flag，with its familiar rings，is used as（7） international symbol of peace，unity and（8） （agree）.The white background of the flag stands（9） peace and truth.At the end of each Olympic Games，the mayor（市长）of the hosting city passes the Olympic flag to the mayor of the city where the next Olympics（10） （hold） for years later.The flag remains there until the next Olympics.
10．Diet and way of life are often a problem for teenagers.However，if you eat the right food and exercise（1） （regular），you can feel better，look better and have more energy.So healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the first step to become fit.
As a teenager，it is necessary to eat healthily and give your body the energy（2） needs.For a healthy diet，you should eat mostly rice，bread，vegetables and fruit.The important thing to remember when you choose food is to protect yourself from some（3） （trick）.A number of people out there who want to make quick money are always fooling you into（4） （believe） what they say so their products can sell well.Don't be tricked by them.（5） you need is just to trust a diet that is right for your body.
Exercise is also something（6） which you can depend to make you look good，feel good and be healthy.It is obvious that exercise is（7） （benefit） to you.When you exercise，you build up the（8） （strong） of your muscles and your body produces some chemicals that make you feel peaceful and（9） （relax）.Follow the suggestions above（10） you will look and feel much better in no time.
11．David was one of （1） most helpful students that we ever had．In 2004，he went to university in London and became interested in Chinese culture．
After his （2） （graduate） from university，he went to China to study Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture University．Two years later，he was able to speak Chinese（3） （fluent） and achieved high grades in all subjects．（4） （finish） his studies，he started travelling in China．Some of the cities in China he likes most （5） （be） Beijing，Shanghai，Harbin and Nanjing．In China he develops an interest in teaching English to Chinese students．Most of the students whom he taught（6） （become） his friends ever since．
When he returned to Britain two months ago，he brought back from China many （7） （interest） books，dictionaries，paintings and photos （8） （spread） Chinese culture．He donated（捐赠） most of them to our school library．Some of the books were gifts （9） he got from his Chinese friends and students．The paintings that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room．Teachers and students at our school wish to thank David（10） his kindness．
12．The Li River，situated in Guilin City of Guangxi，is a bright pearl on the list of China's tourist（1） （attract） and it is one of the best sightseeing tours in Guilin.The 83﹣kilometer waterway from Guilin to Yangshuo is the greatest work of the Li River，（2） （decorate） with rolling hills，steep cliffs，beautiful caves，boats and lined bamboos.Han Yu（3） （clear）described the beauty of the Li River in his poem： "The river looks like a blue silk ribbon，and the mountains are like emerald hairpins（发夹）. "
The Li River（4） （come） from the Mao'er Mountains at Xing'an County in the northeast of
Guilin.It winds（5） （it） way for 170 kilometers，passing through Guilin.The Li River，according to its（6） （difference） scenes，may be separated into three sections：Guilin to Ox Gorge，Ox Gorge to Water﹣Dropping Village，and Water﹣Dropping Village to Yangshuo.
Along the river，the rolling peaks，seep cliffs，green hills and clear water make（7） interesting hundred﹣mile picture gallery（画廊）.Among poems singing the praises of its beauty are these lines："He（8） travels in Guilin hills finds himself in a fairyland." and "Whoever sails along the Li River finds himself（9） （boat） in a sweet dream." The natural beauty of the Li River is indeed beyond description，and you have to be there to see（10） your own eyes and to feel with your own heart.
13．Nowadays，more and more people have chances to travel，study，work or even live abroad．It is necessary for you to keep in mind these general （1） （rule） for polite behavior．
If you （2） （invite） to an American friend's home for dinner，first of all，arrive approximately on time （but not early）．Americans expect promptness（准时）．
When you're invited to someone's home for a meal，（3） is polite to bring a small gift．Flowers or candies are always appropriate．If you have an attractive item（4） （make） in your native country，your host or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift．
（5） （wear） proper clothes and a beautiful smile is simply not enough．Table manners are also of great （6） （important）．Do not open your mouth to talk，unless you have swallowed your food．Also chew（咀嚼） food with your mouth（7） （close）．When you want to get the food that is at a distance，do not stretch your hands to reach（8） it．Instead，ask for the food to be passed to you．
Don't leave （9） （immediate） after dinner，but don't overstay your welcome，either．When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation，take their behavior as a signal to leave．The next day，call or write （10） thank﹣you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening．
14．Khan Lab School is bringing back the one﹣room model to teach young students in Mountain View，California.The school is（1） laboratory for an experimental kind of learning.Silicon Valley，（2） （know） for its technology companies，is also the birthplace of the school.
Students aged 5 to 15 attend the experimental Khan Lab School，which（3） （have） no grade levels and no homework.The students are in school from 8：30 in the morning until 6：00 at night.And，
the school is open all year long，with small（4） （break）here and there.
The school is the idea of Salman Khan，the founder of Khan Academy ﹣﹣famous for its educational videos.The videos on the Internet are（5） （total）free and have millions of users around the world.
Khan said he（6） （start） Khan Lab School because he thinks the present education system has problems.He hopes to create a（7） （good） learning model.
He said the one﹣room model lets the older students help younger students，（8） means the younger children get a lot of help.They get the help of the teacher and the older students.
Khan said students also learn the study material（9） their own speed through videos.And，they get more attention through one﹣on﹣one discussions with teachers.They also learn by（10） （do） projects.
15．An American game that has traveled well is basketball.（1） is now played by more than 250 million people worldwide in an（2） （organise） way，as well as by countless others in informal games.Basketball began in 1891，when a minister，called James Naismith，（3） （ask） to teach a class of young men in Springfield，Massachusetts.
The class was well known（4） being difficult to teach and Naismith was told to invent a new game （5） （keep） the young men busy.Then it（6） （be） winter and very cold outside.It needed to be a game that could be played indoors.
Naismith thought back to his childhood in Canada where he and his friends had played a game which had involved trying to hit（7） big stone off a rock with smaller stones.He also remembered（8） （watch） rugby players throw a ball into a box or fruit basket（9） had been raised up.Naismith made up the （10） （rule） for the game in less than an hour.Most of them still apply in some form today.
期末专项培优 语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．Getting healthy is so simple．To become healthy only（1） requires （require） you to make little changes in your life．For example，walk for thirty minutes every day．This can（2） be achieved （achieve） by taking the stairs at work，going shopping on foot，and walking to lunch．Walking will make you feel better，clear your mind，and get you the needed exercise for the day．
It's also a good idea（3） to change （change） your attitude to food．Don't eat when you feel unhappy or stressed．This is because（4） eating （eat） when you're upset only leads to increased（5） problems （problem） of weight gain and bad health．Actually，at this time，you are supposed to go for（6） a walk or jog，and in this way，you'll feel better．What's more，eat the main meals when you're（7） hungry （hunger）．Try to stay away（8） from junk food，especially sugary foods．Instead，eat more fresh fruits or vegetables and other foods（9） that/which produce healthy energy and good calories．
In a word，walking and eating（10） properly （proper）are two simple steps to be healthier．You'd better have a try．
【考点】健康；日常生活．
【答案】（1）requires. （2）be achieved （3）to change（4）eating（5）problems（6）a（7）hungry（8）from（9）that/which （10）properly
【分析】这是一说明文。文章说明了一些只需要在生活中做一点小小的改变，就能变得更健康的方法和建议。
【解答】（1）requires.考查主谓一致和时态。句意：要想变得健康，你只需要在生活中做一点小小的改变。不定式作主语，且文章基本时态为一般现在时，故填requires。
（2）be achieved.考查被动语态。句意：这可以通过在工作时走楼梯，步行购物，步行去吃午餐来实现。根据主语是动词表示的动作的承受者可判断用被动语态；can是情态动词，后要跟动词原形，故填be achieved。
（3）to change．考查动词不定式。句意：改变你对食物的态度也是个好主意。句中It作形式主语，后面应用不定式短语作真正的主语，故应用动词不定式to change。
（4）eating．考查动词﹣ing形式作主语。句意：这是因为当你不开心的时候吃东西只会导致体重增加和健康问题的增加。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词﹣ing形式作表语从句中的主语。故填eating。
（5）problems．考查名词复数。problem为单数可数名词且其前没有限定词，故空处应用名词的复数形式problems。
（6）a．考查冠词。walk作"（尤指为了锻炼或娱乐的）步行"讲时为可数名词，且发音以辅音音素开头，故空处填不定冠词a。
（7）hungry．考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，饿了就吃正餐。根据上文you're可知空处填形容词作表语，故填hungry。
（8）from．考查介词。句意：尽量远离垃圾食品。短语stay away from"远离"，为固定用法。故填from。
（9）that/which．考查定语从句。句意：相反，多吃新鲜水果或蔬菜以及其他能产生健康能量和优质热量的食物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作主语，修饰先行词more fresh fruits or vegetables and other foods，故用that/which引导定语从句。
（10）properly．考查词形转换。句意：散步和适当饮食是两个简单的步骤，以使健康。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰动词，故填properly。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
2．The main reason （1） why China's ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system．At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture based language，which （2） dates （date）back several thousand years to longgu．
Symbols （3） were carved （carve）on animals bones and shells by ancient Chinese people．Over the years，there was （4） a time when the Chinese people were divided geographically，（5） leading （lead） to many varieties of dialects and characters．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country，making the Chinese writing system begin to develop （6） in one direction．It was of great（7） importance （important）in uniting the Chinese people and culture．People in modern times can read the classic （8） works （work） written by Chinese in ancient （9） times ．Nowadays，Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture．As China plays a greater role in （10） global （globe） affairs，a large number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this （11） amazing （amaze）language．
【考点】传统习俗与文化．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述了中国的文字体系，汉语文字最初是一种图文并茂的语言，可以追溯到几千年前．如今，中国书法已成为中国文化的重要组成部分．随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，一大批留学生们开始通过这种神奇的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史．
【解答】1．why．考查定语从句．先行词The main reason ，定语从句China's ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times ，先行词在定语从句中做原因状语，用关系副词why，故填why．
2．dates．考查时态．date back追溯到，用一般现在时．故填dates．
3．were carved．考查时态和语态．古代中国人把符号刻在动物的骨头和贝壳上，表被动，由by ancient Chinese people是过去时间，故填were carved．
4．a．考查冠词．有一段时间，中国人在地理上被分割，a time表示一段时期，故填a．
5．leading．考查非谓语．产生了各种各样的方言和文字，表示伴随，故填leading．
6．in．考查介词．朝着一个方向发展，朝..方向，用介词in．故填in．
7．importance．考查名词．be of +抽象的名词，这对于凝聚中华民族和文化具有重要意义．故填importance．
8．works．考查名词．works表示著作，现代人可以阅读中国古代的经典著作．故填works．
9．times．考查名词．in ancient times表示在古代，故填times．
10．global．考查形容词．形容词修饰后面的名词affairs，全球事务，故填global．
11．amazing．考查形容词．形容词修饰名词language，这种神奇的语言，故填amazing．
【点评】通过在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览掌握大意，在读懂句子的基础上，结合句子提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．
3．The Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant Valley is China's first national theme park for the animal．The valley including a museum claims to be the only place （1） where visitors can safely observe wild Asian elephants．More than 300 wild Asian elephants are in the park，and visitors can watch the elephants dance，walk on a bridge or play with balls．A pedestrian lane runs more than 4，000（2） meters （meter） through the tropical forest，（3） ensuring （ensure） close contact with nature．（4） An elephant museum is there for those who want to know more about the animal． "The wild elephants get annoyed if they （5） are disturbed （disturb），" one of the employees Chen Jiming says．Chen（6） has taken （take） care of wild elephants for the past 20 years．Most of Chen's colleagues are male and spend （7） more （much） time with the elephants than with their own children．Elephants are not fans of strangers．（8） However ，Chen and his colleagues can take only three days （9） off every month． "We do not keep elephants behind iron fences （10） permanently （permanent），so all elephants are taken out to adapt to the wild environment every day．" Chen says．
【考点】政治．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西双版纳．西双版纳野生象谷是中国第一个国家级野生象主题公园．
【解答】1．where；考查定语从句．此处是一个定语从句，先行词the only place 在从句中做状语，所以要用where．故填where．
2．meters；考查名词．根据4000可知应用名词复数．故填meters．
3．ensuring；考查考查动名词．此处做伴随状语．故填ensuring．
4．An；考查冠词，此处的elephant museum 是第一次出现，所以是泛指，elephant museum 是以元音因素开头的，所以用an．
5．are disturbed；考查被动结构，they和disturb之间是被动关系，且根据全文是一般现在时．故填are disturbed．
6．has taken；考查现在完成时．根据for the past 20 years可知要用现在完成时，主语是chen，所以用has．故填 has taken．
7．more；考查比较级．根据后面的than可知要用比较级．故填more．
8．However；考查副词．前后句子是转折关系，此处又是一个句子，所以用副词而不用连词．故填However．
9．off；考查介词．take three days off休假三天．故填off．
10．permanently；考查副词．修饰动词keep，所以用副词．故填permanent．
【点评】语法填空需要在通读全文的情况下，了解文章的主旨大意．逻辑通顺了之后，再逐句地填出每个正确答案．给出提示词的，在原词的基础上变形；未给提示词的，要填冠词、介词、连词、代词等虚词．要注意上下文之间的联系和提示．
4．I'm Adam， （1） a freshman in senior high school．The first week was a little （2） confusing （confuse）．
There are some （3） challenges （challenge） I have to face in my new school life．First，I had to think carefully about my courses．Chinese is hard to learn，but I hope I can speak it （4） fluently （fluent） when I graduate．My adviser （5） recommended （recommend） me to sign up for advanced literature because I'm good （6） at it．Second，I had to choose my extracurricular activities．I tried （7） to join （join） the school football team though I couldn't do well in （8） it at first．Besides that，I joined a volunteer club．In order to be well （9） prepared （prepare） for university or whatever else （10） comes （come） in the future，I make up my mind to study harder and get used to new situation．
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】文章讲述了作者作为大一新生在第一周遇到的一些挑战．
【解答】1．a．考查冠词，表示泛指，一个大一新生，故填a．
2．confusing．考查形容词，confusing：令人困惑的，迷惑的，故填confusing．
3．challenges．考查名词，根据some可知填写名词复数，故填challenges．
4．fluently．考查副词，修饰动词speak，故填fluently．
5．recommended．考查动词，recommend sb to do sth：推荐某人做某事，过去的动作使用一般过去时，故填recommended．
6．at．考查介词，be good at sth：擅长某事，故填at．
7．to join．考查不定式，try to do sth：试图做某事，故填to join．
8．it．考查代词，it做宾语，指代前面的football，故填it．
9．prepared．考查分词做形容词，be well prepared：准备好的，故填prepared．
10．comes．考查动词，whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中又做主语，结合上下文使用一般现在时，故填comes．
【点评】考查语法填空．语法填空主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
5．Do you remember a time when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night's rest？（1） Unfortunately （fortunate），your happy childhood is probably a thing of the past.
A recent survey has found that many people suffer（2） from sleep problems.Some are unable to fall（3） asleep （sleep），some wake up in the middle of the night，and others simply do not get enough sleep.One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night's sleep（4） is （be）pressure from school or work.Noise pollution and light pollution in big（5） cities （city）may also contribute to sleep problems.In the short term，people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble（6） concentrating （concentrate）.In the long term，they may be at increased risk of having（7） a poor memory，being overweight and suffering a heart attack.Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers.They are still growing，and night is the time when（8） their （they）bodies grow faster.Teenagers who do not get enough sleep may experience situations（9） where body development slows down，and their health suffers.
So，if you have a sleep problem，it might be time（10） to make （make） some changes in your lifestyle.
【考点】日常生活．
【答案】（1）Unfortunately（2）from（3）asleep（4）is（5）cities（6）concentrating（7）a（8）their（9）where（10）to make
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们患有睡眠问题的原因、不良后果，并建议有睡眠问题的人是时候改变自己的生活方式了。
【解答】（1）Unfortunately.考查副词。句意：不幸的是，你快乐的童年可能已经成为过去。用副词unfortunately （不幸的是）做状语，修饰后面整个句子，首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。
（2）from.考查固定搭配。句意：最近的一项调查发现，许多人患有睡眠问题。固定搭配suffer from…（患有/遭受……）符合句意。故填from。
（3）asleep.考查固定搭配。句意：有些人无法入睡，有些人在半夜醒来，而其他人则无法得到充足的睡眠。固定搭配fall asleep （入睡）符合句意。故填asleep。
（4）is.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人们晚上睡不好的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。此处缺乏谓语，讲述现在一般情况，用一般现在时，主语One of the reasons意为"原因之一"，单数，谓语单数形式。故填is。
（5）cities.考查名词。句意：大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。city是可数名词，此处用复数名词表泛指。故填cities。
（6）concentrating.考查动名词。句意：在短期内，有睡眠问题的人经常感到疲劳，注意力不集中。固定搭配have trouble （in） doing sth. （做某事有困难），concentrate用动名词形式。故填concentrating。
（7）a.考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。此处泛指"一个糟糕的记忆力"，poor以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
（8）their.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们还在成长，夜晚是他们身体生长得更快的时候。此处用形容词性物主代词their （指青少年的）作定语，修饰名词bodies。故填their。
（9）where.考查定语从句。句意：睡眠不足的青少年可能会经历身体发育减慢的情况，他们的健康会受到影响。此处是定语从句，先行词是situations，先行词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
（10）to make.考查动词不定式。句意：所以，如果你有睡眠问题，也许是时候改变你的生活方式了。固定句型it be time to do sth. （是做某事的时候了），make用动词不定式形式。故填to make。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
6．At age 7，Bi Ye won the great prize at the Franz Liszt International Youth Piano Competition，becoming（1） the youngest winner of the prize．Praised （2） as "a little piano genius（天才）" by Lang Lang，Bi Ye is a key student in the Lang Lang International Music Foundation family．Bi Ye （3） has won （win） eight gold medals since the age of 5．
Like other parents， （4） what Bi Ye's parents wanted to do was provide their child with an extra﹣curricular activity to enrich her early years' （5） education （educate）．But when Bi Ye's mother learned that playing the piano can make kids （6） smarter （smart） and more determined，she let Bi Ye learn the piano at age 4．Three months later，Bi Ye could play and sing the song "Five Little Ducks"．
Five hours of practice might （7） be considered （consider） difficult for a 4﹣year﹣old kid，but Bi Ye's mother （8） happily （happy） found she was having fun with it． "Once she sits in front of the piano，she becomes excited with her fingers （9） touching （touch） the keyboard，" said Bi Ye's mom．
In 2016，Bi Ye stood out from other players and finally got the chance（10） to play （play） the piano with Lang Lang．
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）the（2）as（3）has won（4）what（5）education（6）smarter（7）be considered（8）happily（9）touching（10）to play
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了钢琴天才毕烨从小勤奋练习并一举成名的事情。
【解答】（1）the.考查冠词。句意：7岁那年，毕烨在李斯特国际青少年钢琴比赛中获得大奖，成为该奖最年轻的获奖者。空各后"youngest"是形容词的最高级形式，前面需加定冠词the，故填the.
（2）as.考查介词。句意：被郎朗誉为"小钢琴天才"，毕烨是郎朗国际音乐基金会大家庭的重点学生。praise sb as意为"称赞某人为……"，是固定用法。此处为过去分词短语作状语，表示"被称赞为"，故填as.
（3）has won.考查时态。句意：毕烨从5岁起已赢得了八枚金牌。根据句中的" since the age of 5"可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语Bi Ye是单数第三人称，助动词用has，故填has won.
（4）what.考查主语从句。句意：和其他家长一样，毕烨的父母想做的是为孩子提供课外活动，丰富她早年的教育。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作do的宾语，表示"……的事情""，应用连接词what，故填what.
（5）education.考查名词。句意：和其他家长一样，毕烨的父母想做的是为孩子提供课外活动，丰富她早年的教育。此处作动词enrich的宾语，应用名词形式。故填education.
（6）smarter.考查形容词的比较级。句意：但当毕烨的母亲得知弹钢琴能让孩子们变得更聪明、更有决心时，她让毕烨在4岁时学钢琴。空处和后面的"more determined"是井列关系，故此处也用比较级smarter，故填smarter.
（7）be considered.考查被动语态。句意：对于一个4岁的孩子来说，五个小时的练习可能会被认为是很困难的，但是毕烨的妈妈高兴地发现她很开心。Five hours of practice与动词consider之间构成动宾关系，故用被动语态，且空前有情态动词，故填be considered.
（8）happily.考查副词。句意：对于一个4岁的孩子来说，五个小时的练习可能会被认为是很困难的，但是毕烨的妈妈高兴地发现她很开心。此处作状语修饰动词found，应用副词形式，故填happily.
（9）touching.考查现在分词。句意：一旦她坐在钢琴前，手指触摸键盘，她就会兴奋起来。此处是with复合结构，her fingers与动词touch是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填touching.
（10）to play.考查不定式。句意：2016年，毕烨从其他选手中脱颖而出，终于有机会和郎朗一起弹钢琴。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作定语，the chance to do sth.意为"做某事的机会"，故填to play.
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性、时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容，答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
7．Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响）travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become（1） educated （educate）about the areas ﹣ both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics，and often provides money for conservation and benefits the （2） development （develop）of the local areas.
Ecotourism has（3） its （it）origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept（4） until the late 1980s.During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to（5） the growing popularity of environmentally﹣related and adventure travel，various types （6） of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually，a true eco﹣friendly trip must meet the following principles：
Minimize the impact of（7） visiting （visit）the place.
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide（8） financial （finance）aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park，officially recognized in 1980，is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.（9） Activities （activity）there range from whale watching to hiking（远足）and accommodations aim （10） to have （have） a low impact on the natural environment.
【考点】旅游观光；体育；国家地理．
【答案】（1）educated（2）development（3）its（4）until（5）the（6）of（7）visiting（8）financial（9）Activities（10）to have
【分析】本文介绍了生态旅游。生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰的地方的低影响旅行。生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。
【解答】（1）educated.考查过去分词。句意：它与传统旅游不同，因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。educate和宾语traveler之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词to become educated作宾补，故填educated。
（2）development.考查名词的数。句意：它与传统旅游不同，因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填development。
（3）its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
（4）until.考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。not...until直到……才，为固定搭配，故填until。
（5）the.考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。特指与环境相关的旅行，所以用定冠词，故填the。
（6）of.考查固定搭配。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of各种类型的，故填of。
（7）visiting.考查动名词。句意：尽量减少参观这个地方的影响。作介词的宾语，后跟自己的宾语，所以用动名词，故填visiting。
（8）financial.考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供经济援助和其他福利。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填financial。
（9）Activities.考查名词的数。句意：那里的活动包括观赏鲸鱼、徒步旅行和住宿，目的是降低对自然环境的影响。作主语，谓语用动词原形，所以用复数名词，故填Activities。
（10）to have.考查不定式。句意：那里的活动包括观赏鲸鱼、徒步旅行和住宿，目的是降低对自然环境的影响。aim to do sth.旨在做某事，故填to have。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
8．Auckland，the largest city and chief seaport of New Zealand ，stands in the North Island．
When（1） planning （plan）a trip to New Zealand，most people skip over Auckland as a destination．Everyone floods into Queenstown（2） to spend （spend） time enjoying themselves in nature．However，as anyone who（3） has visited （visit） it knows，there are even more things to do in Auckland，compared with those in Queenstown．All of these things make it a（4） suitable （suit） destination for all travelers．If you are a backpacker（背包客），you will like Auckland（5） where you can enjoy a huge range of free or cheap things，especially in a country which is known（6） for its high living costs．
The city's popular neighborhoods can（7） be explored （explore） on foot，and the skyline can be viewed from the water．（8） Particularly （particular），you will have the chance to taste different（9） kinds （kind）of snacks and the city doesn't shy away from a good happy hour．Give yourself（10） a couple of days to enjoy it，and check out some of your favorite things to do in Auckland．Auckland，you shouldn't miss it!
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）planning.（2）to spend.（3）has visited.（4）suitable.（5）where.（6）for.（7）be explored.（8）Particularly.（9）kinds.（10）a.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新西兰最大的城市和重要的港口城市一奥克兰。
【解答】（1）planning.考查现在分词。当计划去新西兰旅行时，大多数人不会把奥克兰作为目的地。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语部分含有be动词的某种形式.从句的主语和be动词可以一起省略。故填planning.
（2）to spend.考查动词不定式。每个人都涌进皇后镇来享受大自然。根据语境可知，此处表示目的应该用不定式，故填to spend。
（3）has visited.考查时态。然而，任何去过奥克兰的人都知道，与皇后镇相比，奥克兰有更多的事情要做。此处表示"正如那些已经游览过奥克兰的人所知道的"。故空处应用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。故填has visited.
（4）suitable.考查词形转换。所有这些都使它成为适合所有旅行者的目的地。结合语境并分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词。故填suitable。
（5）where.考查定语从句。如果你是一个背包客，你会喜欢奥克兰，在那里你可以享受到各种各样的免费或便宜的东西，尤其是在一个以高生活成本著称的国家。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
（6）for.考查介词。如果你是一个背包客，你会喜欢奥克兰，在那里你可以享受到各种各样的免费或便宜的东西，尤其是在一个以高生活成本著称的国家。be known for是常用短语，意思是" 因…而出名"。故填for。
（7）be explored.考查语态。城市的热门街区可以步行探索，从水上可以看到天际线。分析句子结构可知，neighborhoods与explore之间是被动关系。应该用被动语态：且情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be explored。
（8）Particularly.考查词形转换。尤其是，你将有机会品尝不同种类的小吃，而且这个城市不会回避一个快乐的好时光。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子。故填Particularly。
（9）kinds.考查名词复数。尤其是，你将有机会品尝不同种类的小吃，而且这个城市不会回避一个快乐的好时光。根据语境可知，此处表示"不同种类的"。故应用名词复数形式。故填kinds.
（10）a.考查冠词。给自己几天的时间来享受它，看看你在奥克兰最喜欢做的事情。a couple of是固定短语，意思是"几……，这里表示"几天"。故填a。
【点评】语法填空需要在通读全文的情况下，了解文章的主旨大意．逻辑通顺了之后，再逐句地填出每个正确答案．给出提示词的，在原词的基础上变形；未给提示词的，要填冠词、介词、连词、代词等虚词．要注意上下文之间的联系和提示．
9．What do the five Olympic signs on the flag represent？（1） It is widely believed that the five﹣ring Olympic symbol was created by Frenchman Pierre De Coubertin in 1913.As the founder of the modern Olympic Games，he wanted （2） to celebrate （celebrate）the 20 the anniversary（周年纪念） of the Games and chose a design of five rings，（3） which represented the five continents（洲） taking part in the Games.The rings （4） became （become） the official Olympic symbol at the 1920 Games in Belgium.Pierre de Coubertin thought that the five interlocking rings meant the five continents（5） competing （compete）in the Games and the meeting of their athletes at the Olympic games.（6） Actually （actual）every part of the modern Olympic symbol and flag shows the main purpose of the Games in a particular way.The Olympic flag，with its familiar rings，is used as（7） an international symbol of peace，unity and（8） agreement （agree）.The white background of the flag stands（9） for peace and truth.At the end of each Olympic Games，the mayor（市长）of the hosting city passes the Olympic flag to the mayor of the city where the next Olympics（10） will be held （hold） for years later.The flag remains there until the next Olympics.
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）It（2）to celebrate （3）which （4）became （5）competing （6）Actually （7）an （8）agreement （9）for （10）will be held
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了奥运五环和旗帜的由来。
【解答】（1）It.考查形式主语。句意：人们普遍认为，奥运五环标志是法国人Pierre De Coubertin在1913年创造的。分析句子可知，句中空处是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，故填it。
（2）to celebrate .考查非谓语动词。句意：作为现代奥林匹克的创建人，他想要庆祝奥运会20周年，并选择了五环设计，这代表了五大洲参加奥运会。分析句子可知，空前是谓语动词want ，固定搭配want to do.... ，意为想要做... ，故填to celebrate。
（3）which .考查非限制性定语从句。句意：作为现代奥林匹克的创建人，他想要庆祝奥运会20周年，并选择了五环设计，这代表了五大洲参加奥运会。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a design of five rings ，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
（4）became .考查动词时态。句意：在1920年比利时奥运会上五环成为奥运会的官方标志。分析句子结构可知，空处需填动词在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，句中是在讲述过去发生的事，所以时态是一般过去时 ，且与主语是主动关系，故填became。
（5）competing .考查现在分词。句意：Pierre de Coubertin认为五环相扣意味着五大洲在奥运会上竞争和他们的运动员在奥运会上的相遇。分析句子可知，空处所在句已有谓语，且空前没有连词连接，所以空处需填非谓语，分析句子结构 ，空处所填词在句中作定语，与逻辑主语the five continents之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填competing。
（6）Actually .考查副词。句意：实上奥林匹克标志和旗帜的每一部分都以一 种特殊的方式展示着 奥运会的主要目的。分析句子结构，可知空处需填副词，作状语，又位于句首，故填Actually。
（7）an.考查冠词。句意：奥运旗帜，以及熟悉的五环，被用来作为和平，团结和共识的一种国际象征。分析句子结构，空后是单数名词，需填冠词，根据句意，可知是指泛指，需填不定冠词，又空后单词international首字母发音是元音。故填an。
（8）agreement .考查名词。句意：奥运旗帜，以及熟悉的五环，被用来作为和平，团结和共识的一种国际象征。分析句子结构，空前and表并列，连接并列成分，and前是名词，所以空处需填名词作介词as的宾语，agreement当"共识"讲时，不可数名词，故填agreement。
（9）for .考查固定搭配。句意：旗帜的白色背景代表着和平与真理。分析句子及句意可知，句中运用了固定搭配stand for ，意为"代表"。故填for。
（10）will be held.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：每届奥运会结束时，主办城市的市长会把奥运火炬传递给下一届奥运会主办城市的市长。分析句子可知，空处所在从句缺少谓语，所以空处需填动词，根据句中years later ，可知定语从句中时态是一般将来时，且与主语the next Olympics是被动关系，用被动语态，故填will be held。
【点评】高考语法填空是一道综合性比较强，考查点比较多的一个题型。考查形式分为有提示词以及无提示词，考生要理解语篇，必须灵活运用各种语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。最后再通读全文。
10．Diet and way of life are often a problem for teenagers.However，if you eat the right food and exercise（1） regularly （regular），you can feel better，look better and have more energy.So healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the first step to become fit.
As a teenager，it is necessary to eat healthily and give your body the energy（2） it needs.For a healthy diet，you should eat mostly rice，bread，vegetables and fruit.The important thing to remember when you choose food is to protect yourself from some（3） tricks （trick）.A number of people out there who want to make quick money are always fooling you into（4） believing （believe） what they say so their products can sell well.Don't be tricked by them.（5） What you need is just to trust a diet that is right for your body.
Exercise is also something（6） on which you can depend to make you look good，feel good and be healthy.It is obvious that exercise is（7） beneficial （benefit） to you.When you exercise，you build up the（8） strength （strong） of your muscles and your body produces some chemicals that make you feel peaceful and（9） relaxed （relax）.Follow the suggestions above（10） and you will look and feel much better in no time.
【考点】健康．
【答案】（1）regularly （2）it （3）tricks （4）believing （5）What （6）on （7）beneficial （8）strength（9）relaxed （10）and
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了健康饮食和定期锻炼对身体健康的重要性。
【解答】（1）regularly．考查副词。句意：然而，如果你吃正确的食物并经常锻炼，你会感觉更好，看起来更好，有更多的能量。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词exercise，regular的副词为regularly"定期地"。故填regularly.
（2）it．考查代词。句意：作为一个青少年，给你的身体所需要的能量是非常重要的。"_（3）___ needs"是定语从句，修饰the energy。因为引导词在从句中作need的宾语，所以关系代词that/which被省略。该空在从句中作主语，指your body，应用it代替。故填it.
（3）tricks．考查可数名词的数。句意：当你选择食物的时候，最重要的是要记住保护自己不受一些欺骗。trick为可数名词，且被some修饰。故填tricks.
（4）believing．考查动名词。句意：有很多人想要快速赚钱，他们总是骗你相信他们说的话，这样他们的产品就能卖得很好。into是介词，后面接动名词作宾语，故填believing.
（5）What．考查主语从句。句意：你所需要的只是相信一种适合你身体的饮食。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导主语从句，从句动词need缺少宾语，表示具体的内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填What.
（6）on．考查介词。句意：锻炼也是一种可以让你看起来好、感觉好、健康的东西。depend on…依赖……，固定搭配，所以空处需用介词on+ which引导定语从句。故填on.
（7）beneficial．考查形容词。句意：很明显，锻炼对你有益。空处需用形容词作表语，benefit的形容词为beneficial"有益的"。故填beneficial.
（8）strength．考查名词。句意：当你锻炼的时候，你的肌肉会增强力量，你的身体会产生一些化学物质，让你感到平静和放松。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作build up的宾语，strong的名词为strength"力气"，不可数名词。故填strength.
（9）relaxed．考查形容词。句意：当你锻炼的时候，你的肌肉会增强力量，你的身体会产生一些化学物质，让你感到平静和放松。由空前 peaceful可知，空处需用形容词与之并列，修饰人，需用ed形容词relaxed"放松的"。故填relaxed.
（10）and．考查连词。句意：按照上面的建议去做，你很快就会感觉好多了。分析句子结构可知，此处是祈使句的特殊句型：祈使句+and/or+句子，此处表示顺承关系，需用并列连词and。故填and.
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
11．David was one of （1） the most helpful students that we ever had．In 2004，he went to university in London and became interested in Chinese culture．
After his （2） graduation （graduate） from university，he went to China to study Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture University．Two years later，he was able to speak Chinese（3） fluently （fluent） and achieved high grades in all subjects．（4） Having finished （finish） his studies，he started travelling in China．Some of the cities in China he likes most （5） are （be） Beijing，Shanghai，Harbin and Nanjing．In China he develops an interest in teaching English to Chinese students．Most of the students whom he taught（6） have become （become） his friends ever since．
When he returned to Britain two months ago，he brought back from China many （7） interesting （interest） books，dictionaries，paintings and photos （8） to spread （spread） Chinese culture．He donated（捐赠） most of them to our school library．Some of the books were gifts （9） that/which he got from his Chinese friends and students．The paintings that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room．Teachers and students at our school wish to thank David（10） for his kindness．
【考点】学习．
【答案】（1）the（2）graduation（3）fluently（4）Having finished（5）are（6）have become（7）interesting（8）to spread（9）that/which（10）for
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了David来中国学习并将和照片带回英国的故事。
【解答】（1）the.考查冠词。句意：大卫是我们所遇到的最乐于助人的学生之一。根据空格后面的most helpful可知，此处为形容词最高级，前面需加定冠词the，故填the.
（2）graduation.考查名词。句意：大学毕业后，他去中国北京语言大学学习汉语。此处作介词after的宾语，前面又有形容词性物主代词修饰，应用所给词的名词形式，故填graduation.
（3）fluently.考查副词。句意：两年后，他能说一口流利的汉语，所有科目都取得了高分。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰动词speak，故填fluently.
（4）Having finished.考查现在分词。句意：完成学业后，他开始在中国旅行。分析句子结构可知动词finish与主语he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且动作发生在谓语动作之前，应用现在分词的完成式。故填Having finished.
（5）are.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：他最喜欢的一些城市是北京、上海、哈尔滨和南京。此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语Some of the cities，为复数名词，故填are.
（6）have become.考查动词的时态。句意：从那以后，他教的大多数学生都成了他的朋友。根据 ever since可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故填 have become.
（7）interesting.考查形容词。句意：当他两个月前回到英国时，他从中国带回了许多有趣的书、字典、绘画和照片，以传播中国文化。空处修饰物，表示事物本身所具有的性质或特征，应用形容词interesting"有趣的"，故填interesting.
（8）to spread.考查不定式。句意：当他两个月前回到英国时，他从中国带回了许多有趣的书、字典、绘画和照片，以传播中国文化。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to spread.
（9）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：有些书是他从中国朋友和学生那里得到的礼物。此处需要一个连接词引导定语从句，先行词是gifts，连接词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/或which，也可省略关系词。故填that/which.
（10）for.考查介词。句意：我们学校的老师和学生要感谢大卫的好意。thank sb.for sth."为某事感谢某人"，固定用法。故填for.
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性、时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容，答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
12．The Li River，situated in Guilin City of Guangxi，is a bright pearl on the list of China's tourist（1） attractions （attract） and it is one of the best sightseeing tours in Guilin.The 83﹣kilometer waterway from Guilin to Yangshuo is the greatest work of the Li River，（2） decorated （decorate） with rolling hills，steep cliffs，beautiful caves，boats and lined bamboos.Han Yu（3） clearly （clear）described the beauty of the Li River in his poem： "The river looks like a blue silk ribbon，and the mountains are like emerald hairpins（发夹）. "
The Li River（4） comes （come） from the Mao'er Mountains at Xing'an County in the northeast of
Guilin.It winds（5） its （it） way for 170 kilometers，passing through Guilin.The Li River，according to its（6） different （difference） scenes，may be separated into three sections：Guilin to Ox Gorge，Ox Gorge to Water﹣Dropping Village，and Water﹣Dropping Village to Yangshuo.
Along the river，the rolling peaks，seep cliffs，green hills and clear water make（7） an interesting hundred﹣mile picture gallery（画廊）.Among poems singing the praises of its beauty are these lines："He（8） who travels in Guilin hills finds himself in a fairyland." and "Whoever sails along the Li River finds himself（9） boating （boat） in a sweet dream." The natural beauty of the Li River is indeed beyond description，and you have to be there to see（10） with your own eyes and to feel with your own heart.
【考点】旅游观光．
【答案】（1）attractions （2）decorated （3）clearly （4）comes （5）its （6）different （7）an （8）who（9）boating（10）with
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了桂林著名的旅游景点﹣﹣漓江。
【解答】（1）attractions．考查词形转换。此处需要用名词形式，且位于名单上的景点不止一个，故用复数形式。句意：漓江坐落于广西桂林市，是中国旅游胜地上的一颗璀璨明珠。故填attractions。
（2）decorated．考查非谓语动词。Li River与 decorate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词﹣ed形式。句意：从桂林到阳朔的83公里航道是漓江最伟大的工程，被起伏的山峦、陡峭的悬崖、美丽的洞穴、船只和成行的竹林所装饰。故填decorated
（3）clearly．考查词形转换。修饰动词应用副词形式。句意：韩愈在诗中清晰地描述了漓江的美景。故填clearly。
（4）comes．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，且主语为单数。句意：诗意如画的漓江源于桂林东北部兴安县猫儿山。故填comes。
（5）its．考查代词。根据空后的way可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。句意：它穿过桂林，蜿蜒170公里。故填its。
（6）different．考查词形转换。由空后的 scenes可知，此处应用形容词作定语。句意：漓江，根据其不同的场景，可以分为三个。故填different。
（7）an．考查冠词。gallery是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且 interesting的发音以元音音素开头。句意：沿江，起伏的山峰，陡峭的悬崖，碧绿的山峦，清澈的溪水制作一个有趣的百里图库。故填an。
（8）who．考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，指代先行词He，并在从句中作主语。句意：在桂林上旅行的人发现自己身处仙境。故填who。
（9）boating．考查非谓语动词。boat与himself之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词﹣ing形式。句意：无论谁沿着漓江航行，他都会在甜蜜的梦中划船。故填boating。
（10）with．考查介词。此处表示"用，使用"，故填with。句意：在那里，你必须亲眼目睹。故填with。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
13．Nowadays，more and more people have chances to travel，study，work or even live abroad．It is necessary for you to keep in mind these general （1） rules （rule） for polite behavior．
If you （2） are invited （invite） to an American friend's home for dinner，first of all，arrive approximately on time （but not early）．Americans expect promptness（准时）．
When you're invited to someone's home for a meal，（3） it is polite to bring a small gift．Flowers or candies are always appropriate．If you have an attractive item（4） made （make） in your native country，your host or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift．
（5） Wearing （wear） proper clothes and a beautiful smile is simply not enough．Table manners are also of great （6） importance （important）．Do not open your mouth to talk，unless you have swallowed your food．Also chew（咀嚼） food with your mouth（7） closed （close）．When you want to get the food that is at a distance，do not stretch your hands to reach（8） for it．Instead，ask for the food to be passed to you．
Don't leave （9） immediately （immediate） after dinner，but don't overstay your welcome，either．When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation，take their behavior as a signal to leave．The next day，call or write （10） a thank﹣you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening．
【考点】政治．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲述到美国家庭做客的注意事项：准时到达；带点礼物；穿着得体；适时离开等．
【解答】1．rules．考查名词复数形式．根据句中these可知名词要用复数形式．故填rules．
2．are invited．考查动词的语态．you与invite之间是动宾关系，且在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态．故填are invited．
3．it．考查it用法．it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to bring a small gift．故填it．
4．made．考查非谓语动词．item与make之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语．故填made．
5．Wearing．考查非谓语动词．此处作主语，故用v．﹣ing形式．故填Wearing．
6．importance．考查词性转换．"be of+抽象名词"构成的短语相当于该抽象名词的同根形容词，即：of great importance＝very important．故填importance．
7．closed．考查非谓语动词．此处是"with+名词+过去分词"构成的复合结构，mouth与close之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语．故填closed．
8．for．考查介词．reach for意为"伸出拿"，是固定搭配．故填for．
9．immediately．考查词性转换．leave是动词，用副词修饰．故填immediately．
10．a．考查冠词．note是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词a表示泛指．故填a．
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解大意，抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，仔细分析带空格的句子，明确空格所要填的词义，词型和短语搭配，给出所要填的正确形式，然后整体阅读短文，核对答案．
14．Khan Lab School is bringing back the one﹣room model to teach young students in Mountain View，California.The school is（1） a laboratory for an experimental kind of learning.Silicon Valley，（2） known （know） for its technology companies，is also the birthplace of the school.
Students aged 5 to 15 attend the experimental Khan Lab School，which（3） has （have） no grade levels and no homework.The students are in school from 8：30 in the morning until 6：00 at night.And，
the school is open all year long，with small（4） breaks （break）here and there.
The school is the idea of Salman Khan，the founder of Khan Academy ﹣﹣famous for its educational videos.The videos on the Internet are（5） totally （total）free and have millions of users around the world.
Khan said he（6） started （start） Khan Lab School because he thinks the present education system has problems.He hopes to create a（7） better （good） learning model.
He said the one﹣room model lets the older students help younger students，（8） which means the younger children get a lot of help.They get the help of the teacher and the older students.
Khan said students also learn the study material（9） at their own speed through videos.And，they get more attention through one﹣on﹣one discussions with teachers.They also learn by（10） doing （do） projects.
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）a（2）known（3）has （4）breaks（5）totally （6）started （7）better （8）which （9）at（10）doing
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了加州的一所实验学校。
【解答】（1）a.考查冠词。句意：这所学校是实验性学习的实验室。laboratory是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填a。
（2）known.考查非谓语动词。句意：以科技公司闻名的硅谷也是这所学校的发源地。be known for"因……而出名，以……闻名"，此处去掉be作后置定语，故填known。
（3）has.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：5至15岁的学生就读于实验性可汗实验学校，该校没有年级和家庭作业。陈述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时；且which引导定语从句，指代先行词Khan Lab School，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故填has。
（4）breaks.考查名词复数。句意：这所学校全年开课，偶尔会有短暂的休息。break表示"休息"时，是可数名词，其前没有限定词，故应用复数形式，故填breaks。
（5）totally.考查连词。句意：互联网上的视频是完全免费的，在全世界有数百万用户。此处是用副词修饰形容词free，totally是副词"完全地"，所以填totally。
（6）started，考查时态。句意：可汗说他创办可汗实验室学校是因为他认为现在的教育体制有问题。"创办学校"表示发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填started。
（7）better.考查形容词比较级。句意：他希望创建一个更好的学习模式。此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，表示"比现有的教育体制更好的"，应该用形容词比较级形式，故填better。
（8）which.考查定语从句。句意：他说，单间模式让年纪大的学生帮助年纪小的学生，这意味着年纪小的孩子得到了很多帮助。此处为非限定性定语从句，空处指代前面整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。
（9）at．考查介词。句意：学生还可以通过视频按自己的速度（节奏）学习学习材料。at. . .speed意为"以……的速度"，故填at。
（10）doing．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也通过做项目来学习。介词by后接动名词作宾语，故填doing。
【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
15．An American game that has traveled well is basketball.（1） It is now played by more than 250 million people worldwide in an（2） organised （organise） way，as well as by countless others in informal games.Basketball began in 1891，when a minister，called James Naismith，（3） was asked （ask） to teach a class of young men in Springfield，Massachusetts.
The class was well known（4） for being difficult to teach and Naismith was told to invent a new game （5） to keep （keep） the young men busy.Then it（6） was （be） winter and very cold outside.It needed to be a game that could be played indoors.
Naismith thought back to his childhood in Canada where he and his friends had played a game which had involved trying to hit（7） a big stone off a rock with smaller stones.He also remembered（8） watching （watch） rugby players throw a ball into a box or fruit basket（9） which/that had been raised up.Naismith made up the （10） rules （rule） for the game in less than an hour.Most of them still apply in some form today.
【考点】传统习俗与文化．
【答案】（1）It（2）organised（3）was asked （4）for（5）to keep （6）was（7）a （8）watching（9）which/that（10）rules
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了篮球的发展历史。
【解答】（1）It.考查代词。句意：现在全世界有2.5亿人有组织性地玩篮球，还有无数人在非正式的比赛中打篮球。结合上文"An American game that has traveled well is basketball."篮球是一项广受欢迎的美国运动。根据本句中"（1）is now played by more than 250 million people worldwide"现在被全世界2.5亿人在玩，可知，空白处是承接上文的内容，所以指代上文中的"basketball" ，所以用代词"it"表特指，因为在句首，所以首字母大写。故填It。
（2）organised.考查形容词。句意：现在全世界有2.5亿人有组织的方式在打篮球，还有无数人在非正式的游戏中玩这个游戏。结合空白处后"way"为名词，可知，空白处要用形容词作定语来修饰，示"有组织的"。故填organised。
（3）was asked.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：篮球始于1891年，当时一位名叫詹姆斯 奈史密斯的牧师，被邀请去马萨诸塞州的斯普林菲尔德教一班年轻人。分析句子可知，句
期末专项培优 语法填空
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．Getting healthy is so simple．To become healthy only（1） （require） you to make little changes in your life．For example，walk for thirty minutes every day．This can（2） （achieve） by taking the stairs at work，going shopping on foot，and walking to lunch．Walking will make you feel better，clear your mind，and get you the needed exercise for the day．
It's also a good idea（3） （change） your attitude to food．Don't eat when you feel unhappy or stressed．This is because（4） （eat） when you're upset only leads to increased（5） （problem） of weight gain and bad health．Actually，at this time，you are supposed to go for（6） walk or jog，and in this way，you'll feel better．What's more，eat the main meals when you're（7） （hunger）．Try to stay away（8） junk food，especially sugary foods．Instead，eat more fresh fruits or vegetables and other foods（9） produce healthy energy and good calories．
In a word，walking and eating（10） （proper）are two simple steps to be healthier．You'd better have a try．
2．The main reason （1） China's ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system．At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture based language，which （2） （date）back several thousand years to longgu．
Symbols （3） （carve）on animals bones and shells by ancient Chinese people．Over the years，there was （4） time when the Chinese people were divided geographically，（5） （lead） to many varieties of dialects and characters．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country，making the Chinese writing system begin to develop （6） one direction．It was of great（7） （important）in uniting the Chinese people and culture．People in modern times can read the classic （8） （work） written by Chinese in ancient （9） ．Nowadays，Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture．As China plays a greater role in （10） （globe） affairs，a large number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this （11） （amaze）language．
3．The Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant Valley is China's first national theme park for the animal．The valley including a museum claims to be the only place （1） visitors can safely observe wild Asian elephants．More than 300 wild Asian elephants are in the park，and visitors can watch the elephants dance，walk on a bridge or play with balls．A pedestrian lane runs more than 4，000（2） （meter） through the tropical forest，（3） （ensure） close contact with nature．（4） elephant museum is there for those who want to know more about the animal． "The wild elephants get annoyed if they （5） （disturb），" one of the employees Chen Jiming says．Chen（6） （take） care of wild elephants for the past 20 years．Most of Chen's colleagues are male and spend （7） （much） time with the elephants than with their own children．Elephants are not fans of strangers．（8） ，Chen and his colleagues can take only three days （9） every month． "We do not keep elephants behind iron fences （10） （permanent），so all elephants are taken out to adapt to the wild environment every day．" Chen says．
4．I'm Adam， （1） freshman in senior high school．The first week was a little （2） （confuse）．
There are some （3） （challenge） I have to face in my new school life．First，I had to think carefully about my courses．Chinese is hard to learn，but I hope I can speak it （4） （fluent） when I graduate．My adviser （5） （recommend） me to sign up for advanced literature because I'm good （6） it．Second，I had to choose my extracurricular activities．I tried （7） （join） the school football team though I couldn't do well in （8） at first．Besides that，I joined a volunteer club．In order to be well （9） （prepare） for university or whatever else （10） （come） in the future，I make up my mind to study harder and get used to new situation．
5．Do you remember a time when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night's rest？（1） （fortunate），your happy childhood is probably a thing of the past.
A recent survey has found that many people suffer（2） sleep problems.Some are unable to fall（3） （sleep），some wake up in the middle of the night，and others simply do not get enough sleep.One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night's sleep（4） （be）pressure from school or work.Noise pollution and light pollution in big（5） （city）may also contribute to sleep problems.In the short term，people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble（6） （concentrate）.In the long term，they may be at increased risk of having（7） poor memory，being overweight and suffering a heart attack.Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers.They are still growing，and night is the time when（8） （they）bodies grow faster.Teenagers who do not get enough sleep may experience situations（9） body development slows down，and their health suffers.
So，if you have a sleep problem，it might be time（10） （make） some changes in your lifestyle.
6．At age 7，Bi Ye won the great prize at the Franz Liszt International Youth Piano Competition，becoming（1） youngest winner of the prize．Praised （2） "a little piano genius（天才）" by Lang Lang，Bi Ye is a key student in the Lang Lang International Music Foundation family．Bi Ye （3） （win） eight gold medals since the age of 5．
Like other parents， （4） Bi Ye's parents wanted to do was provide their child with an extra﹣curricular activity to enrich her early years' （5） （educate）．But when Bi Ye's mother learned that playing the piano can make kids （6） （smart） and more determined，she let Bi Ye learn the piano at age 4．Three months later，Bi Ye could play and sing the song "Five Little Ducks"．
Five hours of practice might （7） （consider） difficult for a 4﹣year﹣old kid，but Bi Ye's mother （8） （happy） found she was having fun with it． "Once she sits in front of the piano，she becomes excited with her fingers （9） （touch） the keyboard，" said Bi Ye's mom．
In 2016，Bi Ye stood out from other players and finally got the chance（10） （play） the piano with Lang Lang．
7．Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响）travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become（1） （educate）about the areas ﹣ both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics，and often provides money for conservation and benefits the （2） （develop）of the local areas.
Ecotourism has（3） （it）origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept（4） the late 1980s.During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to（5） growing popularity of environmentally﹣related and adventure travel，various types （6） trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually，a true eco﹣friendly trip must meet the following principles：
Minimize the impact of（7） （visit）the place.
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide（8） （finance）aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park，officially recognized in 1980，is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.（9） （activity）there range from whale watching to hiking（远足）and accommodations aim （10） （have） a low impact on the natural environment.
8．Auckland，the largest city and chief seaport of New Zealand ，stands in the North Island．
When（1） （plan）a trip to New Zealand，most people skip over Auckland as a destination．Everyone floods into Queenstown（2） （spend） time enjoying themselves in nature．However，as anyone who（3） （visit） it knows，there are even more things to do in Auckland，compared with those in Queenstown．All of these things make it a（4） （suit） destination for all travelers．If you are a backpacker（背包客），you will like Auckland（5） you can enjoy a huge range of free or cheap things，especially in a country which is known（6） its high living costs．
The city's popular neighborhoods can（7） （explore） on foot，and the skyline can be viewed from the water．（8） （particular），you will have the chance to taste different（9） （kind）of snacks and the city doesn't shy away from a good happy hour．Give yourself（10） couple of days to enjoy it，and check out some of your favorite things to do in Auckland．Auckland，you shouldn't miss it!
9．What do the five Olympic signs on the flag represent？（1） is widely believed that the five﹣ring Olympic symbol was created by Frenchman Pierre De Coubertin in 1913.As the founder of the modern Olympic Games，he wanted （2） （celebrate）the 20 the anniversary（周年纪念） of the Games and chose a design of five rings，（3） represented the five continents（洲） taking part in the Games.The rings （4） （become） the official Olympic symbol at the 1920 Games in Belgium.Pierre de Coubertin thought that the five interlocking rings meant the five continents（5） （compete）in the Games and the meeting of their athletes at the Olympic games.（6） （actual）every part of the modern Olympic symbol and flag shows the main purpose of the Games in a particular way.The Olympic flag，with its familiar rings，is used as（7） international symbol of peace，unity and（8） （agree）.The white background of the flag stands（9） peace and truth.At the end of each Olympic Games，the mayor（市长）of the hosting city passes the Olympic flag to the mayor of the city where the next Olympics（10） （hold） for years later.The flag remains there until the next Olympics.
10．Diet and way of life are often a problem for teenagers.However，if you eat the right food and exercise（1） （regular），you can feel better，look better and have more energy.So healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the first step to become fit.
As a teenager，it is necessary to eat healthily and give your body the energy（2） needs.For a healthy diet，you should eat mostly rice，bread，vegetables and fruit.The important thing to remember when you choose food is to protect yourself from some（3） （trick）.A number of people out there who want to make quick money are always fooling you into（4） （believe） what they say so their products can sell well.Don't be tricked by them.（5） you need is just to trust a diet that is right for your body.
Exercise is also something（6） which you can depend to make you look good，feel good and be healthy.It is obvious that exercise is（7） （benefit） to you.When you exercise，you build up the（8） （strong） of your muscles and your body produces some chemicals that make you feel peaceful and（9） （relax）.Follow the suggestions above（10） you will look and feel much better in no time.
11．David was one of （1） most helpful students that we ever had．In 2004，he went to university in London and became interested in Chinese culture．
After his （2） （graduate） from university，he went to China to study Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture University．Two years later，he was able to speak Chinese（3） （fluent） and achieved high grades in all subjects．（4） （finish） his studies，he started travelling in China．Some of the cities in China he likes most （5） （be） Beijing，Shanghai，Harbin and Nanjing．In China he develops an interest in teaching English to Chinese students．Most of the students whom he taught（6） （become） his friends ever since．
When he returned to Britain two months ago，he brought back from China many （7） （interest） books，dictionaries，paintings and photos （8） （spread） Chinese culture．He donated（捐赠） most of them to our school library．Some of the books were gifts （9） he got from his Chinese friends and students．The paintings that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room．Teachers and students at our school wish to thank David（10） his kindness．
12．The Li River，situated in Guilin City of Guangxi，is a bright pearl on the list of China's tourist（1） （attract） and it is one of the best sightseeing tours in Guilin.The 83﹣kilometer waterway from Guilin to Yangshuo is the greatest work of the Li River，（2） （decorate） with rolling hills，steep cliffs，beautiful caves，boats and lined bamboos.Han Yu（3） （clear）described the beauty of the Li River in his poem： "The river looks like a blue silk ribbon，and the mountains are like emerald hairpins（发夹）. "
The Li River（4） （come） from the Mao'er Mountains at Xing'an County in the northeast of
Guilin.It winds（5） （it） way for 170 kilometers，passing through Guilin.The Li River，according to its（6） （difference） scenes，may be separated into three sections：Guilin to Ox Gorge，Ox Gorge to Water﹣Dropping Village，and Water﹣Dropping Village to Yangshuo.
Along the river，the rolling peaks，seep cliffs，green hills and clear water make（7） interesting hundred﹣mile picture gallery（画廊）.Among poems singing the praises of its beauty are these lines："He（8） travels in Guilin hills finds himself in a fairyland." and "Whoever sails along the Li River finds himself（9） （boat） in a sweet dream." The natural beauty of the Li River is indeed beyond description，and you have to be there to see（10） your own eyes and to feel with your own heart.
13．Nowadays，more and more people have chances to travel，study，work or even live abroad．It is necessary for you to keep in mind these general （1） （rule） for polite behavior．
If you （2） （invite） to an American friend's home for dinner，first of all，arrive approximately on time （but not early）．Americans expect promptness（准时）．
When you're invited to someone's home for a meal，（3） is polite to bring a small gift．Flowers or candies are always appropriate．If you have an attractive item（4） （make） in your native country，your host or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift．
（5） （wear） proper clothes and a beautiful smile is simply not enough．Table manners are also of great （6） （important）．Do not open your mouth to talk，unless you have swallowed your food．Also chew（咀嚼） food with your mouth（7） （close）．When you want to get the food that is at a distance，do not stretch your hands to reach（8） it．Instead，ask for the food to be passed to you．
Don't leave （9） （immediate） after dinner，but don't overstay your welcome，either．When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation，take their behavior as a signal to leave．The next day，call or write （10） thank﹣you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening．
14．Khan Lab School is bringing back the one﹣room model to teach young students in Mountain View，California.The school is（1） laboratory for an experimental kind of learning.Silicon Valley，（2） （know） for its technology companies，is also the birthplace of the school.
Students aged 5 to 15 attend the experimental Khan Lab School，which（3） （have） no grade levels and no homework.The students are in school from 8：30 in the morning until 6：00 at night.And，
the school is open all year long，with small（4） （break）here and there.
The school is the idea of Salman Khan，the founder of Khan Academy ﹣﹣famous for its educational videos.The videos on the Internet are（5） （total）free and have millions of users around the world.
Khan said he（6） （start） Khan Lab School because he thinks the present education system has problems.He hopes to create a（7） （good） learning model.
He said the one﹣room model lets the older students help younger students，（8） means the younger children get a lot of help.They get the help of the teacher and the older students.
Khan said students also learn the study material（9） their own speed through videos.And，they get more attention through one﹣on﹣one discussions with teachers.They also learn by（10） （do） projects.
15．An American game that has traveled well is basketball.（1） is now played by more than 250 million people worldwide in an（2） （organise） way，as well as by countless others in informal games.Basketball began in 1891，when a minister，called James Naismith，（3） （ask） to teach a class of young men in Springfield，Massachusetts.
The class was well known（4） being difficult to teach and Naismith was told to invent a new game （5） （keep） the young men busy.Then it（6） （be） winter and very cold outside.It needed to be a game that could be played indoors.
Naismith thought back to his childhood in Canada where he and his friends had played a game which had involved trying to hit（7） big stone off a rock with smaller stones.He also remembered（8） （watch） rugby players throw a ball into a box or fruit basket（9） had been raised up.Naismith made up the （10） （rule） for the game in less than an hour.Most of them still apply in some form today.
期末专项培优 语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．Getting healthy is so simple．To become healthy only（1） requires （require） you to make little changes in your life．For example，walk for thirty minutes every day．This can（2） be achieved （achieve） by taking the stairs at work，going shopping on foot，and walking to lunch．Walking will make you feel better，clear your mind，and get you the needed exercise for the day．
It's also a good idea（3） to change （change） your attitude to food．Don't eat when you feel unhappy or stressed．This is because（4） eating （eat） when you're upset only leads to increased（5） problems （problem） of weight gain and bad health．Actually，at this time，you are supposed to go for（6） a walk or jog，and in this way，you'll feel better．What's more，eat the main meals when you're（7） hungry （hunger）．Try to stay away（8） from junk food，especially sugary foods．Instead，eat more fresh fruits or vegetables and other foods（9） that/which produce healthy energy and good calories．
In a word，walking and eating（10） properly （proper）are two simple steps to be healthier．You'd better have a try．
【考点】健康；日常生活．
【答案】（1）requires. （2）be achieved （3）to change（4）eating（5）problems（6）a（7）hungry（8）from（9）that/which （10）properly
【分析】这是一说明文。文章说明了一些只需要在生活中做一点小小的改变，就能变得更健康的方法和建议。
【解答】（1）requires.考查主谓一致和时态。句意：要想变得健康，你只需要在生活中做一点小小的改变。不定式作主语，且文章基本时态为一般现在时，故填requires。
（2）be achieved.考查被动语态。句意：这可以通过在工作时走楼梯，步行购物，步行去吃午餐来实现。根据主语是动词表示的动作的承受者可判断用被动语态；can是情态动词，后要跟动词原形，故填be achieved。
（3）to change．考查动词不定式。句意：改变你对食物的态度也是个好主意。句中It作形式主语，后面应用不定式短语作真正的主语，故应用动词不定式to change。
（4）eating．考查动词﹣ing形式作主语。句意：这是因为当你不开心的时候吃东西只会导致体重增加和健康问题的增加。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词﹣ing形式作表语从句中的主语。故填eating。
（5）problems．考查名词复数。problem为单数可数名词且其前没有限定词，故空处应用名词的复数形式problems。
（6）a．考查冠词。walk作"（尤指为了锻炼或娱乐的）步行"讲时为可数名词，且发音以辅音音素开头，故空处填不定冠词a。
（7）hungry．考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，饿了就吃正餐。根据上文you're可知空处填形容词作表语，故填hungry。
（8）from．考查介词。句意：尽量远离垃圾食品。短语stay away from"远离"，为固定用法。故填from。
（9）that/which．考查定语从句。句意：相反，多吃新鲜水果或蔬菜以及其他能产生健康能量和优质热量的食物。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作主语，修饰先行词more fresh fruits or vegetables and other foods，故用that/which引导定语从句。
（10）properly．考查词形转换。句意：散步和适当饮食是两个简单的步骤，以使健康。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰动词，故填properly。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
2．The main reason （1） why China's ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system．At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture based language，which （2） dates （date）back several thousand years to longgu．
Symbols （3） were carved （carve）on animals bones and shells by ancient Chinese people．Over the years，there was （4） a time when the Chinese people were divided geographically，（5） leading （lead） to many varieties of dialects and characters．Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country，making the Chinese writing system begin to develop （6） in one direction．It was of great（7） importance （important）in uniting the Chinese people and culture．People in modern times can read the classic （8） works （work） written by Chinese in ancient （9） times ．Nowadays，Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture．As China plays a greater role in （10） global （globe） affairs，a large number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this （11） amazing （amaze）language．
【考点】传统习俗与文化．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述了中国的文字体系，汉语文字最初是一种图文并茂的语言，可以追溯到几千年前．如今，中国书法已成为中国文化的重要组成部分．随着中国在全球事务中发挥更大的作用，一大批留学生们开始通过这种神奇的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史．
【解答】1．why．考查定语从句．先行词The main reason ，定语从句China's ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times ，先行词在定语从句中做原因状语，用关系副词why，故填why．
2．dates．考查时态．date back追溯到，用一般现在时．故填dates．
3．were carved．考查时态和语态．古代中国人把符号刻在动物的骨头和贝壳上，表被动，由by ancient Chinese people是过去时间，故填were carved．
4．a．考查冠词．有一段时间，中国人在地理上被分割，a time表示一段时期，故填a．
5．leading．考查非谓语．产生了各种各样的方言和文字，表示伴随，故填leading．
6．in．考查介词．朝着一个方向发展，朝..方向，用介词in．故填in．
7．importance．考查名词．be of +抽象的名词，这对于凝聚中华民族和文化具有重要意义．故填importance．
8．works．考查名词．works表示著作，现代人可以阅读中国古代的经典著作．故填works．
9．times．考查名词．in ancient times表示在古代，故填times．
10．global．考查形容词．形容词修饰后面的名词affairs，全球事务，故填global．
11．amazing．考查形容词．形容词修饰名词language，这种神奇的语言，故填amazing．
【点评】通过在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览掌握大意，在读懂句子的基础上，结合句子提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析．离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．
3．The Xishuangbanna Wild Elephant Valley is China's first national theme park for the animal．The valley including a museum claims to be the only place （1） where visitors can safely observe wild Asian elephants．More than 300 wild Asian elephants are in the park，and visitors can watch the elephants dance，walk on a bridge or play with balls．A pedestrian lane runs more than 4，000（2） meters （meter） through the tropical forest，（3） ensuring （ensure） close contact with nature．（4） An elephant museum is there for those who want to know more about the animal． "The wild elephants get annoyed if they （5） are disturbed （disturb），" one of the employees Chen Jiming says．Chen（6） has taken （take） care of wild elephants for the past 20 years．Most of Chen's colleagues are male and spend （7） more （much） time with the elephants than with their own children．Elephants are not fans of strangers．（8） However ，Chen and his colleagues can take only three days （9） off every month． "We do not keep elephants behind iron fences （10） permanently （permanent），so all elephants are taken out to adapt to the wild environment every day．" Chen says．
【考点】政治．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西双版纳．西双版纳野生象谷是中国第一个国家级野生象主题公园．
【解答】1．where；考查定语从句．此处是一个定语从句，先行词the only place 在从句中做状语，所以要用where．故填where．
2．meters；考查名词．根据4000可知应用名词复数．故填meters．
3．ensuring；考查考查动名词．此处做伴随状语．故填ensuring．
4．An；考查冠词，此处的elephant museum 是第一次出现，所以是泛指，elephant museum 是以元音因素开头的，所以用an．
5．are disturbed；考查被动结构，they和disturb之间是被动关系，且根据全文是一般现在时．故填are disturbed．
6．has taken；考查现在完成时．根据for the past 20 years可知要用现在完成时，主语是chen，所以用has．故填 has taken．
7．more；考查比较级．根据后面的than可知要用比较级．故填more．
8．However；考查副词．前后句子是转折关系，此处又是一个句子，所以用副词而不用连词．故填However．
9．off；考查介词．take three days off休假三天．故填off．
10．permanently；考查副词．修饰动词keep，所以用副词．故填permanent．
【点评】语法填空需要在通读全文的情况下，了解文章的主旨大意．逻辑通顺了之后，再逐句地填出每个正确答案．给出提示词的，在原词的基础上变形；未给提示词的，要填冠词、介词、连词、代词等虚词．要注意上下文之间的联系和提示．
4．I'm Adam， （1） a freshman in senior high school．The first week was a little （2） confusing （confuse）．
There are some （3） challenges （challenge） I have to face in my new school life．First，I had to think carefully about my courses．Chinese is hard to learn，but I hope I can speak it （4） fluently （fluent） when I graduate．My adviser （5） recommended （recommend） me to sign up for advanced literature because I'm good （6） at it．Second，I had to choose my extracurricular activities．I tried （7） to join （join） the school football team though I couldn't do well in （8） it at first．Besides that，I joined a volunteer club．In order to be well （9） prepared （prepare） for university or whatever else （10） comes （come） in the future，I make up my mind to study harder and get used to new situation．
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】文章讲述了作者作为大一新生在第一周遇到的一些挑战．
【解答】1．a．考查冠词，表示泛指，一个大一新生，故填a．
2．confusing．考查形容词，confusing：令人困惑的，迷惑的，故填confusing．
3．challenges．考查名词，根据some可知填写名词复数，故填challenges．
4．fluently．考查副词，修饰动词speak，故填fluently．
5．recommended．考查动词，recommend sb to do sth：推荐某人做某事，过去的动作使用一般过去时，故填recommended．
6．at．考查介词，be good at sth：擅长某事，故填at．
7．to join．考查不定式，try to do sth：试图做某事，故填to join．
8．it．考查代词，it做宾语，指代前面的football，故填it．
9．prepared．考查分词做形容词，be well prepared：准备好的，故填prepared．
10．comes．考查动词，whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中又做主语，结合上下文使用一般现在时，故填comes．
【点评】考查语法填空．语法填空主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
5．Do you remember a time when you had no worries stopping you from getting a good night's rest？（1） Unfortunately （fortunate），your happy childhood is probably a thing of the past.
A recent survey has found that many people suffer（2） from sleep problems.Some are unable to fall（3） asleep （sleep），some wake up in the middle of the night，and others simply do not get enough sleep.One of the reasons why people fail to get a good night's sleep（4） is （be）pressure from school or work.Noise pollution and light pollution in big（5） cities （city）may also contribute to sleep problems.In the short term，people with sleep problems often feel tired and have trouble（6） concentrating （concentrate）.In the long term，they may be at increased risk of having（7） a poor memory，being overweight and suffering a heart attack.Sleep problems are especially dangerous for teenagers.They are still growing，and night is the time when（8） their （they）bodies grow faster.Teenagers who do not get enough sleep may experience situations（9） where body development slows down，and their health suffers.
So，if you have a sleep problem，it might be time（10） to make （make） some changes in your lifestyle.
【考点】日常生活．
【答案】（1）Unfortunately（2）from（3）asleep（4）is（5）cities（6）concentrating（7）a（8）their（9）where（10）to make
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们患有睡眠问题的原因、不良后果，并建议有睡眠问题的人是时候改变自己的生活方式了。
【解答】（1）Unfortunately.考查副词。句意：不幸的是，你快乐的童年可能已经成为过去。用副词unfortunately （不幸的是）做状语，修饰后面整个句子，首字母大写。故填Unfortunately。
（2）from.考查固定搭配。句意：最近的一项调查发现，许多人患有睡眠问题。固定搭配suffer from…（患有/遭受……）符合句意。故填from。
（3）asleep.考查固定搭配。句意：有些人无法入睡，有些人在半夜醒来，而其他人则无法得到充足的睡眠。固定搭配fall asleep （入睡）符合句意。故填asleep。
（4）is.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人们晚上睡不好的原因之一是来自学校或工作的压力。此处缺乏谓语，讲述现在一般情况，用一般现在时，主语One of the reasons意为"原因之一"，单数，谓语单数形式。故填is。
（5）cities.考查名词。句意：大城市的噪音污染和光污染也可能导致睡眠问题。city是可数名词，此处用复数名词表泛指。故填cities。
（6）concentrating.考查动名词。句意：在短期内，有睡眠问题的人经常感到疲劳，注意力不集中。固定搭配have trouble （in） doing sth. （做某事有困难），concentrate用动名词形式。故填concentrating。
（7）a.考查冠词。句意：从长远来看，他们记忆力差、超重和心脏病发作的风险可能会增加。此处泛指"一个糟糕的记忆力"，poor以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
（8）their.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他们还在成长，夜晚是他们身体生长得更快的时候。此处用形容词性物主代词their （指青少年的）作定语，修饰名词bodies。故填their。
（9）where.考查定语从句。句意：睡眠不足的青少年可能会经历身体发育减慢的情况，他们的健康会受到影响。此处是定语从句，先行词是situations，先行词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where。故填where。
（10）to make.考查动词不定式。句意：所以，如果你有睡眠问题，也许是时候改变你的生活方式了。固定句型it be time to do sth. （是做某事的时候了），make用动词不定式形式。故填to make。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
6．At age 7，Bi Ye won the great prize at the Franz Liszt International Youth Piano Competition，becoming（1） the youngest winner of the prize．Praised （2） as "a little piano genius（天才）" by Lang Lang，Bi Ye is a key student in the Lang Lang International Music Foundation family．Bi Ye （3） has won （win） eight gold medals since the age of 5．
Like other parents， （4） what Bi Ye's parents wanted to do was provide their child with an extra﹣curricular activity to enrich her early years' （5） education （educate）．But when Bi Ye's mother learned that playing the piano can make kids （6） smarter （smart） and more determined，she let Bi Ye learn the piano at age 4．Three months later，Bi Ye could play and sing the song "Five Little Ducks"．
Five hours of practice might （7） be considered （consider） difficult for a 4﹣year﹣old kid，but Bi Ye's mother （8） happily （happy） found she was having fun with it． "Once she sits in front of the piano，she becomes excited with her fingers （9） touching （touch） the keyboard，" said Bi Ye's mom．
In 2016，Bi Ye stood out from other players and finally got the chance（10） to play （play） the piano with Lang Lang．
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）the（2）as（3）has won（4）what（5）education（6）smarter（7）be considered（8）happily（9）touching（10）to play
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了钢琴天才毕烨从小勤奋练习并一举成名的事情。
【解答】（1）the.考查冠词。句意：7岁那年，毕烨在李斯特国际青少年钢琴比赛中获得大奖，成为该奖最年轻的获奖者。空各后"youngest"是形容词的最高级形式，前面需加定冠词the，故填the.
（2）as.考查介词。句意：被郎朗誉为"小钢琴天才"，毕烨是郎朗国际音乐基金会大家庭的重点学生。praise sb as意为"称赞某人为……"，是固定用法。此处为过去分词短语作状语，表示"被称赞为"，故填as.
（3）has won.考查时态。句意：毕烨从5岁起已赢得了八枚金牌。根据句中的" since the age of 5"可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语Bi Ye是单数第三人称，助动词用has，故填has won.
（4）what.考查主语从句。句意：和其他家长一样，毕烨的父母想做的是为孩子提供课外活动，丰富她早年的教育。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作do的宾语，表示"……的事情""，应用连接词what，故填what.
（5）education.考查名词。句意：和其他家长一样，毕烨的父母想做的是为孩子提供课外活动，丰富她早年的教育。此处作动词enrich的宾语，应用名词形式。故填education.
（6）smarter.考查形容词的比较级。句意：但当毕烨的母亲得知弹钢琴能让孩子们变得更聪明、更有决心时，她让毕烨在4岁时学钢琴。空处和后面的"more determined"是井列关系，故此处也用比较级smarter，故填smarter.
（7）be considered.考查被动语态。句意：对于一个4岁的孩子来说，五个小时的练习可能会被认为是很困难的，但是毕烨的妈妈高兴地发现她很开心。Five hours of practice与动词consider之间构成动宾关系，故用被动语态，且空前有情态动词，故填be considered.
（8）happily.考查副词。句意：对于一个4岁的孩子来说，五个小时的练习可能会被认为是很困难的，但是毕烨的妈妈高兴地发现她很开心。此处作状语修饰动词found，应用副词形式，故填happily.
（9）touching.考查现在分词。句意：一旦她坐在钢琴前，手指触摸键盘，她就会兴奋起来。此处是with复合结构，her fingers与动词touch是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填touching.
（10）to play.考查不定式。句意：2016年，毕烨从其他选手中脱颖而出，终于有机会和郎朗一起弹钢琴。名词chance后面通常用动词不定式作定语，the chance to do sth.意为"做某事的机会"，故填to play.
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性、时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容，答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
7．Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact（影响）travel to undisturbed places.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become（1） educated （educate）about the areas ﹣ both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics，and often provides money for conservation and benefits the （2） development （develop）of the local areas.
Ecotourism has（3） its （it）origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.It was not widely accepted as a travel concept（4） until the late 1980s.During that time，increasing environmental awareness made it desirable.
Due to（5） the growing popularity of environmentally﹣related and adventure travel，various types （6） of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.Actually，a true eco﹣friendly trip must meet the following principles：
Minimize the impact of（7） visiting （visit）the place.
Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
Provide（8） financial （finance）aid and other benefits for local peoples.
Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park，officially recognized in 1980，is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity.（9） Activities （activity）there range from whale watching to hiking（远足）and accommodations aim （10） to have （have） a low impact on the natural environment.
【考点】旅游观光；体育；国家地理．
【答案】（1）educated（2）development（3）its（4）until（5）the（6）of（7）visiting（8）financial（9）Activities（10）to have
【分析】本文介绍了生态旅游。生态旅游通常被认为是到未受干扰的地方的低影响旅行。生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。
【解答】（1）educated.考查过去分词。句意：它与传统旅游不同，因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。educate和宾语traveler之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词to become educated作宾补，故填educated。
（2）development.考查名词的数。句意：它与传统旅游不同，因为它让旅行者了解该地区的地理条件和文化特征，并经常为保护和促进当地的发展提供资金。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填development。
（3）its.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环保运动。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
（4）until.考查介词。句意：直到20世纪80年代末，它才被广泛接受为一种旅游理念。not...until直到……才，为固定搭配，故填until。
（5）the.考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。特指与环境相关的旅行，所以用定冠词，故填the。
（6）of.考查固定搭配。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种类型的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various types of各种类型的，故填of。
（7）visiting.考查动名词。句意：尽量减少参观这个地方的影响。作介词的宾语，后跟自己的宾语，所以用动名词，故填visiting。
（8）financial.考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供经济援助和其他福利。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填financial。
（9）Activities.考查名词的数。句意：那里的活动包括观赏鲸鱼、徒步旅行和住宿，目的是降低对自然环境的影响。作主语，谓语用动词原形，所以用复数名词，故填Activities。
（10）to have.考查不定式。句意：那里的活动包括观赏鲸鱼、徒步旅行和住宿，目的是降低对自然环境的影响。aim to do sth.旨在做某事，故填to have。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
8．Auckland，the largest city and chief seaport of New Zealand ，stands in the North Island．
When（1） planning （plan）a trip to New Zealand，most people skip over Auckland as a destination．Everyone floods into Queenstown（2） to spend （spend） time enjoying themselves in nature．However，as anyone who（3） has visited （visit） it knows，there are even more things to do in Auckland，compared with those in Queenstown．All of these things make it a（4） suitable （suit） destination for all travelers．If you are a backpacker（背包客），you will like Auckland（5） where you can enjoy a huge range of free or cheap things，especially in a country which is known（6） for its high living costs．
The city's popular neighborhoods can（7） be explored （explore） on foot，and the skyline can be viewed from the water．（8） Particularly （particular），you will have the chance to taste different（9） kinds （kind）of snacks and the city doesn't shy away from a good happy hour．Give yourself（10） a couple of days to enjoy it，and check out some of your favorite things to do in Auckland．Auckland，you shouldn't miss it!
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）planning.（2）to spend.（3）has visited.（4）suitable.（5）where.（6）for.（7）be explored.（8）Particularly.（9）kinds.（10）a.
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了新西兰最大的城市和重要的港口城市一奥克兰。
【解答】（1）planning.考查现在分词。当计划去新西兰旅行时，大多数人不会把奥克兰作为目的地。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句的谓语部分含有be动词的某种形式.从句的主语和be动词可以一起省略。故填planning.
（2）to spend.考查动词不定式。每个人都涌进皇后镇来享受大自然。根据语境可知，此处表示目的应该用不定式，故填to spend。
（3）has visited.考查时态。然而，任何去过奥克兰的人都知道，与皇后镇相比，奥克兰有更多的事情要做。此处表示"正如那些已经游览过奥克兰的人所知道的"。故空处应用现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。故填has visited.
（4）suitable.考查词形转换。所有这些都使它成为适合所有旅行者的目的地。结合语境并分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词。故填suitable。
（5）where.考查定语从句。如果你是一个背包客，你会喜欢奥克兰，在那里你可以享受到各种各样的免费或便宜的东西，尤其是在一个以高生活成本著称的国家。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
（6）for.考查介词。如果你是一个背包客，你会喜欢奥克兰，在那里你可以享受到各种各样的免费或便宜的东西，尤其是在一个以高生活成本著称的国家。be known for是常用短语，意思是" 因…而出名"。故填for。
（7）be explored.考查语态。城市的热门街区可以步行探索，从水上可以看到天际线。分析句子结构可知，neighborhoods与explore之间是被动关系。应该用被动语态：且情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be explored。
（8）Particularly.考查词形转换。尤其是，你将有机会品尝不同种类的小吃，而且这个城市不会回避一个快乐的好时光。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子。故填Particularly。
（9）kinds.考查名词复数。尤其是，你将有机会品尝不同种类的小吃，而且这个城市不会回避一个快乐的好时光。根据语境可知，此处表示"不同种类的"。故应用名词复数形式。故填kinds.
（10）a.考查冠词。给自己几天的时间来享受它，看看你在奥克兰最喜欢做的事情。a couple of是固定短语，意思是"几……，这里表示"几天"。故填a。
【点评】语法填空需要在通读全文的情况下，了解文章的主旨大意．逻辑通顺了之后，再逐句地填出每个正确答案．给出提示词的，在原词的基础上变形；未给提示词的，要填冠词、介词、连词、代词等虚词．要注意上下文之间的联系和提示．
9．What do the five Olympic signs on the flag represent？（1） It is widely believed that the five﹣ring Olympic symbol was created by Frenchman Pierre De Coubertin in 1913.As the founder of the modern Olympic Games，he wanted （2） to celebrate （celebrate）the 20 the anniversary（周年纪念） of the Games and chose a design of five rings，（3） which represented the five continents（洲） taking part in the Games.The rings （4） became （become） the official Olympic symbol at the 1920 Games in Belgium.Pierre de Coubertin thought that the five interlocking rings meant the five continents（5） competing （compete）in the Games and the meeting of their athletes at the Olympic games.（6） Actually （actual）every part of the modern Olympic symbol and flag shows the main purpose of the Games in a particular way.The Olympic flag，with its familiar rings，is used as（7） an international symbol of peace，unity and（8） agreement （agree）.The white background of the flag stands（9） for peace and truth.At the end of each Olympic Games，the mayor（市长）of the hosting city passes the Olympic flag to the mayor of the city where the next Olympics（10） will be held （hold） for years later.The flag remains there until the next Olympics.
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）It（2）to celebrate （3）which （4）became （5）competing （6）Actually （7）an （8）agreement （9）for （10）will be held
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了奥运五环和旗帜的由来。
【解答】（1）It.考查形式主语。句意：人们普遍认为，奥运五环标志是法国人Pierre De Coubertin在1913年创造的。分析句子可知，句中空处是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，故填it。
（2）to celebrate .考查非谓语动词。句意：作为现代奥林匹克的创建人，他想要庆祝奥运会20周年，并选择了五环设计，这代表了五大洲参加奥运会。分析句子可知，空前是谓语动词want ，固定搭配want to do.... ，意为想要做... ，故填to celebrate。
（3）which .考查非限制性定语从句。句意：作为现代奥林匹克的创建人，他想要庆祝奥运会20周年，并选择了五环设计，这代表了五大洲参加奥运会。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是a design of five rings ，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
（4）became .考查动词时态。句意：在1920年比利时奥运会上五环成为奥运会的官方标志。分析句子结构可知，空处需填动词在句中作谓语，根据句意可知，句中是在讲述过去发生的事，所以时态是一般过去时 ，且与主语是主动关系，故填became。
（5）competing .考查现在分词。句意：Pierre de Coubertin认为五环相扣意味着五大洲在奥运会上竞争和他们的运动员在奥运会上的相遇。分析句子可知，空处所在句已有谓语，且空前没有连词连接，所以空处需填非谓语，分析句子结构 ，空处所填词在句中作定语，与逻辑主语the five continents之间是主动关系，用现在分词。故填competing。
（6）Actually .考查副词。句意：实上奥林匹克标志和旗帜的每一部分都以一 种特殊的方式展示着 奥运会的主要目的。分析句子结构，可知空处需填副词，作状语，又位于句首，故填Actually。
（7）an.考查冠词。句意：奥运旗帜，以及熟悉的五环，被用来作为和平，团结和共识的一种国际象征。分析句子结构，空后是单数名词，需填冠词，根据句意，可知是指泛指，需填不定冠词，又空后单词international首字母发音是元音。故填an。
（8）agreement .考查名词。句意：奥运旗帜，以及熟悉的五环，被用来作为和平，团结和共识的一种国际象征。分析句子结构，空前and表并列，连接并列成分，and前是名词，所以空处需填名词作介词as的宾语，agreement当"共识"讲时，不可数名词，故填agreement。
（9）for .考查固定搭配。句意：旗帜的白色背景代表着和平与真理。分析句子及句意可知，句中运用了固定搭配stand for ，意为"代表"。故填for。
（10）will be held.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：每届奥运会结束时，主办城市的市长会把奥运火炬传递给下一届奥运会主办城市的市长。分析句子可知，空处所在从句缺少谓语，所以空处需填动词，根据句中years later ，可知定语从句中时态是一般将来时，且与主语the next Olympics是被动关系，用被动语态，故填will be held。
【点评】高考语法填空是一道综合性比较强，考查点比较多的一个题型。考查形式分为有提示词以及无提示词，考生要理解语篇，必须灵活运用各种语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。最后再通读全文。
10．Diet and way of life are often a problem for teenagers.However，if you eat the right food and exercise（1） regularly （regular），you can feel better，look better and have more energy.So healthy eating along with regular exercise is probably the first step to become fit.
As a teenager，it is necessary to eat healthily and give your body the energy（2） it needs.For a healthy diet，you should eat mostly rice，bread，vegetables and fruit.The important thing to remember when you choose food is to protect yourself from some（3） tricks （trick）.A number of people out there who want to make quick money are always fooling you into（4） believing （believe） what they say so their products can sell well.Don't be tricked by them.（5） What you need is just to trust a diet that is right for your body.
Exercise is also something（6） on which you can depend to make you look good，feel good and be healthy.It is obvious that exercise is（7） beneficial （benefit） to you.When you exercise，you build up the（8） strength （strong） of your muscles and your body produces some chemicals that make you feel peaceful and（9） relaxed （relax）.Follow the suggestions above（10） and you will look and feel much better in no time.
【考点】健康．
【答案】（1）regularly （2）it （3）tricks （4）believing （5）What （6）on （7）beneficial （8）strength（9）relaxed （10）and
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了健康饮食和定期锻炼对身体健康的重要性。
【解答】（1）regularly．考查副词。句意：然而，如果你吃正确的食物并经常锻炼，你会感觉更好，看起来更好，有更多的能量。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词exercise，regular的副词为regularly"定期地"。故填regularly.
（2）it．考查代词。句意：作为一个青少年，给你的身体所需要的能量是非常重要的。"_（3）___ needs"是定语从句，修饰the energy。因为引导词在从句中作need的宾语，所以关系代词that/which被省略。该空在从句中作主语，指your body，应用it代替。故填it.
（3）tricks．考查可数名词的数。句意：当你选择食物的时候，最重要的是要记住保护自己不受一些欺骗。trick为可数名词，且被some修饰。故填tricks.
（4）believing．考查动名词。句意：有很多人想要快速赚钱，他们总是骗你相信他们说的话，这样他们的产品就能卖得很好。into是介词，后面接动名词作宾语，故填believing.
（5）What．考查主语从句。句意：你所需要的只是相信一种适合你身体的饮食。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导主语从句，从句动词need缺少宾语，表示具体的内容，所以空处需用连接代词what引导主语从句。故填What.
（6）on．考查介词。句意：锻炼也是一种可以让你看起来好、感觉好、健康的东西。depend on…依赖……，固定搭配，所以空处需用介词on+ which引导定语从句。故填on.
（7）beneficial．考查形容词。句意：很明显，锻炼对你有益。空处需用形容词作表语，benefit的形容词为beneficial"有益的"。故填beneficial.
（8）strength．考查名词。句意：当你锻炼的时候，你的肌肉会增强力量，你的身体会产生一些化学物质，让你感到平静和放松。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作build up的宾语，strong的名词为strength"力气"，不可数名词。故填strength.
（9）relaxed．考查形容词。句意：当你锻炼的时候，你的肌肉会增强力量，你的身体会产生一些化学物质，让你感到平静和放松。由空前 peaceful可知，空处需用形容词与之并列，修饰人，需用ed形容词relaxed"放松的"。故填relaxed.
（10）and．考查连词。句意：按照上面的建议去做，你很快就会感觉好多了。分析句子结构可知，此处是祈使句的特殊句型：祈使句+and/or+句子，此处表示顺承关系，需用并列连词and。故填and.
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
11．David was one of （1） the most helpful students that we ever had．In 2004，he went to university in London and became interested in Chinese culture．
After his （2） graduation （graduate） from university，he went to China to study Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture University．Two years later，he was able to speak Chinese（3） fluently （fluent） and achieved high grades in all subjects．（4） Having finished （finish） his studies，he started travelling in China．Some of the cities in China he likes most （5） are （be） Beijing，Shanghai，Harbin and Nanjing．In China he develops an interest in teaching English to Chinese students．Most of the students whom he taught（6） have become （become） his friends ever since．
When he returned to Britain two months ago，he brought back from China many （7） interesting （interest） books，dictionaries，paintings and photos （8） to spread （spread） Chinese culture．He donated（捐赠） most of them to our school library．Some of the books were gifts （9） that/which he got from his Chinese friends and students．The paintings that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room．Teachers and students at our school wish to thank David（10） for his kindness．
【考点】学习．
【答案】（1）the（2）graduation（3）fluently（4）Having finished（5）are（6）have become（7）interesting（8）to spread（9）that/which（10）for
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了David来中国学习并将和照片带回英国的故事。
【解答】（1）the.考查冠词。句意：大卫是我们所遇到的最乐于助人的学生之一。根据空格后面的most helpful可知，此处为形容词最高级，前面需加定冠词the，故填the.
（2）graduation.考查名词。句意：大学毕业后，他去中国北京语言大学学习汉语。此处作介词after的宾语，前面又有形容词性物主代词修饰，应用所给词的名词形式，故填graduation.
（3）fluently.考查副词。句意：两年后，他能说一口流利的汉语，所有科目都取得了高分。分析句子结构可知，空处应用副词修饰动词speak，故填fluently.
（4）Having finished.考查现在分词。句意：完成学业后，他开始在中国旅行。分析句子结构可知动词finish与主语he之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且动作发生在谓语动作之前，应用现在分词的完成式。故填Having finished.
（5）are.考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：他最喜欢的一些城市是北京、上海、哈尔滨和南京。此处表示客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语Some of the cities，为复数名词，故填are.
（6）have become.考查动词的时态。句意：从那以后，他教的大多数学生都成了他的朋友。根据 ever since可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故填 have become.
（7）interesting.考查形容词。句意：当他两个月前回到英国时，他从中国带回了许多有趣的书、字典、绘画和照片，以传播中国文化。空处修饰物，表示事物本身所具有的性质或特征，应用形容词interesting"有趣的"，故填interesting.
（8）to spread.考查不定式。句意：当他两个月前回到英国时，他从中国带回了许多有趣的书、字典、绘画和照片，以传播中国文化。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填to spread.
（9）that/which.考查定语从句。句意：有些书是他从中国朋友和学生那里得到的礼物。此处需要一个连接词引导定语从句，先行词是gifts，连接词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that/或which，也可省略关系词。故填that/which.
（10）for.考查介词。句意：我们学校的老师和学生要感谢大卫的好意。thank sb.for sth."为某事感谢某人"，固定用法。故填for.
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性、时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容，答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
12．The Li River，situated in Guilin City of Guangxi，is a bright pearl on the list of China's tourist（1） attractions （attract） and it is one of the best sightseeing tours in Guilin.The 83﹣kilometer waterway from Guilin to Yangshuo is the greatest work of the Li River，（2） decorated （decorate） with rolling hills，steep cliffs，beautiful caves，boats and lined bamboos.Han Yu（3） clearly （clear）described the beauty of the Li River in his poem： "The river looks like a blue silk ribbon，and the mountains are like emerald hairpins（发夹）. "
The Li River（4） comes （come） from the Mao'er Mountains at Xing'an County in the northeast of
Guilin.It winds（5） its （it） way for 170 kilometers，passing through Guilin.The Li River，according to its（6） different （difference） scenes，may be separated into three sections：Guilin to Ox Gorge，Ox Gorge to Water﹣Dropping Village，and Water﹣Dropping Village to Yangshuo.
Along the river，the rolling peaks，seep cliffs，green hills and clear water make（7） an interesting hundred﹣mile picture gallery（画廊）.Among poems singing the praises of its beauty are these lines："He（8） who travels in Guilin hills finds himself in a fairyland." and "Whoever sails along the Li River finds himself（9） boating （boat） in a sweet dream." The natural beauty of the Li River is indeed beyond description，and you have to be there to see（10） with your own eyes and to feel with your own heart.
【考点】旅游观光．
【答案】（1）attractions （2）decorated （3）clearly （4）comes （5）its （6）different （7）an （8）who（9）boating（10）with
【分析】本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了桂林著名的旅游景点﹣﹣漓江。
【解答】（1）attractions．考查词形转换。此处需要用名词形式，且位于名单上的景点不止一个，故用复数形式。句意：漓江坐落于广西桂林市，是中国旅游胜地上的一颗璀璨明珠。故填attractions。
（2）decorated．考查非谓语动词。Li River与 decorate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用动词﹣ed形式。句意：从桂林到阳朔的83公里航道是漓江最伟大的工程，被起伏的山峦、陡峭的悬崖、美丽的洞穴、船只和成行的竹林所装饰。故填decorated
（3）clearly．考查词形转换。修饰动词应用副词形式。句意：韩愈在诗中清晰地描述了漓江的美景。故填clearly。
（4）comes．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，且主语为单数。句意：诗意如画的漓江源于桂林东北部兴安县猫儿山。故填comes。
（5）its．考查代词。根据空后的way可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词。句意：它穿过桂林，蜿蜒170公里。故填its。
（6）different．考查词形转换。由空后的 scenes可知，此处应用形容词作定语。句意：漓江，根据其不同的场景，可以分为三个。故填different。
（7）an．考查冠词。gallery是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且 interesting的发音以元音音素开头。句意：沿江，起伏的山峰，陡峭的悬崖，碧绿的山峦，清澈的溪水制作一个有趣的百里图库。故填an。
（8）who．考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，指代先行词He，并在从句中作主语。句意：在桂林上旅行的人发现自己身处仙境。故填who。
（9）boating．考查非谓语动词。boat与himself之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词﹣ing形式。句意：无论谁沿着漓江航行，他都会在甜蜜的梦中划船。故填boating。
（10）with．考查介词。此处表示"用，使用"，故填with。句意：在那里，你必须亲眼目睹。故填with。
【点评】语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考查语法知识的运用能力，在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，在读懂短文的基础上，结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析。要解决好语法填空，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目。
13．Nowadays，more and more people have chances to travel，study，work or even live abroad．It is necessary for you to keep in mind these general （1） rules （rule） for polite behavior．
If you （2） are invited （invite） to an American friend's home for dinner，first of all，arrive approximately on time （but not early）．Americans expect promptness（准时）．
When you're invited to someone's home for a meal，（3） it is polite to bring a small gift．Flowers or candies are always appropriate．If you have an attractive item（4） made （make） in your native country，your host or hostess would certainly enjoy receiving that as a gift．
（5） Wearing （wear） proper clothes and a beautiful smile is simply not enough．Table manners are also of great （6） importance （important）．Do not open your mouth to talk，unless you have swallowed your food．Also chew（咀嚼） food with your mouth（7） closed （close）．When you want to get the food that is at a distance，do not stretch your hands to reach（8） for it．Instead，ask for the food to be passed to you．
Don't leave （9） immediately （immediate） after dinner，but don't overstay your welcome，either．When your friends seem to be getting tired and running out of conversation，take their behavior as a signal to leave．The next day，call or write （10） a thank﹣you note to say how much you enjoyed the evening．
【考点】政治．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲述到美国家庭做客的注意事项：准时到达；带点礼物；穿着得体；适时离开等．
【解答】1．rules．考查名词复数形式．根据句中these可知名词要用复数形式．故填rules．
2．are invited．考查动词的语态．you与invite之间是动宾关系，且在条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时的被动语态．故填are invited．
3．it．考查it用法．it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to bring a small gift．故填it．
4．made．考查非谓语动词．item与make之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语．故填made．
5．Wearing．考查非谓语动词．此处作主语，故用v．﹣ing形式．故填Wearing．
6．importance．考查词性转换．"be of+抽象名词"构成的短语相当于该抽象名词的同根形容词，即：of great importance＝very important．故填importance．
7．closed．考查非谓语动词．此处是"with+名词+过去分词"构成的复合结构，mouth与close之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语．故填closed．
8．for．考查介词．reach for意为"伸出拿"，是固定搭配．故填for．
9．immediately．考查词性转换．leave是动词，用副词修饰．故填immediately．
10．a．考查冠词．note是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词a表示泛指．故填a．
【点评】首先要通读全文，了解大意，抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，仔细分析带空格的句子，明确空格所要填的词义，词型和短语搭配，给出所要填的正确形式，然后整体阅读短文，核对答案．
14．Khan Lab School is bringing back the one﹣room model to teach young students in Mountain View，California.The school is（1） a laboratory for an experimental kind of learning.Silicon Valley，（2） known （know） for its technology companies，is also the birthplace of the school.
Students aged 5 to 15 attend the experimental Khan Lab School，which（3） has （have） no grade levels and no homework.The students are in school from 8：30 in the morning until 6：00 at night.And，
the school is open all year long，with small（4） breaks （break）here and there.
The school is the idea of Salman Khan，the founder of Khan Academy ﹣﹣famous for its educational videos.The videos on the Internet are（5） totally （total）free and have millions of users around the world.
Khan said he（6） started （start） Khan Lab School because he thinks the present education system has problems.He hopes to create a（7） better （good） learning model.
He said the one﹣room model lets the older students help younger students，（8） which means the younger children get a lot of help.They get the help of the teacher and the older students.
Khan said students also learn the study material（9） at their own speed through videos.And，they get more attention through one﹣on﹣one discussions with teachers.They also learn by（10） doing （do） projects.
【考点】人与自我．
【答案】（1）a（2）known（3）has （4）breaks（5）totally （6）started （7）better （8）which （9）at（10）doing
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了加州的一所实验学校。
【解答】（1）a.考查冠词。句意：这所学校是实验性学习的实验室。laboratory是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处用不定冠词表泛指，故填a。
（2）known.考查非谓语动词。句意：以科技公司闻名的硅谷也是这所学校的发源地。be known for"因……而出名，以……闻名"，此处去掉be作后置定语，故填known。
（3）has.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：5至15岁的学生就读于实验性可汗实验学校，该校没有年级和家庭作业。陈述的是客观事实，要用一般现在时；且which引导定语从句，指代先行词Khan Lab School，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故填has。
（4）breaks.考查名词复数。句意：这所学校全年开课，偶尔会有短暂的休息。break表示"休息"时，是可数名词，其前没有限定词，故应用复数形式，故填breaks。
（5）totally.考查连词。句意：互联网上的视频是完全免费的，在全世界有数百万用户。此处是用副词修饰形容词free，totally是副词"完全地"，所以填totally。
（6）started，考查时态。句意：可汗说他创办可汗实验室学校是因为他认为现在的教育体制有问题。"创办学校"表示发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填started。
（7）better.考查形容词比较级。句意：他希望创建一个更好的学习模式。此处有一个隐晦的比较意义，表示"比现有的教育体制更好的"，应该用形容词比较级形式，故填better。
（8）which.考查定语从句。句意：他说，单间模式让年纪大的学生帮助年纪小的学生，这意味着年纪小的孩子得到了很多帮助。此处为非限定性定语从句，空处指代前面整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。
（9）at．考查介词。句意：学生还可以通过视频按自己的速度（节奏）学习学习材料。at. . .speed意为"以……的速度"，故填at。
（10）doing．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也通过做项目来学习。介词by后接动名词作宾语，故填doing。
【点评】做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
15．An American game that has traveled well is basketball.（1） It is now played by more than 250 million people worldwide in an（2） organised （organise） way，as well as by countless others in informal games.Basketball began in 1891，when a minister，called James Naismith，（3） was asked （ask） to teach a class of young men in Springfield，Massachusetts.
The class was well known（4） for being difficult to teach and Naismith was told to invent a new game （5） to keep （keep） the young men busy.Then it（6） was （be） winter and very cold outside.It needed to be a game that could be played indoors.
Naismith thought back to his childhood in Canada where he and his friends had played a game which had involved trying to hit（7） a big stone off a rock with smaller stones.He also remembered（8） watching （watch） rugby players throw a ball into a box or fruit basket（9） which/that had been raised up.Naismith made up the （10） rules （rule） for the game in less than an hour.Most of them still apply in some form today.
【考点】传统习俗与文化．
【答案】（1）It（2）organised（3）was asked （4）for（5）to keep （6）was（7）a （8）watching（9）which/that（10）rules
【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了篮球的发展历史。
【解答】（1）It.考查代词。句意：现在全世界有2.5亿人有组织性地玩篮球，还有无数人在非正式的比赛中打篮球。结合上文"An American game that has traveled well is basketball."篮球是一项广受欢迎的美国运动。根据本句中"（1）is now played by more than 250 million people worldwide"现在被全世界2.5亿人在玩，可知，空白处是承接上文的内容，所以指代上文中的"basketball" ，所以用代词"it"表特指，因为在句首，所以首字母大写。故填It。
（2）organised.考查形容词。句意：现在全世界有2.5亿人有组织的方式在打篮球，还有无数人在非正式的游戏中玩这个游戏。结合空白处后"way"为名词，可知，空白处要用形容词作定语来修饰，示"有组织的"。故填organised。
（3）was asked.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：篮球始于1891年，当时一位名叫詹姆斯 奈史密斯的牧师，被邀请去马萨诸塞州的斯普林菲尔德教一班年轻人。分析句子可知，句