【期末专项培优】阅读理解（含解析）2025-2026学年高二上学期英语期末必刷卷人教版（2019）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
期末专项培优 阅读理解
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does，however，have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50﹣kilometer race walk，which is about five miles longer than the marathon.But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact（接触）with the ground at all times.It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity，however，says Jaclyn Norberg，an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem，Mass.
Like running，race walking is physically demanding，she says.According to most calculations，race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories（卡路里）per hour，which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking，although fewer than running，which would probably burn about 1，000 or more calories per hour.
However，race walking does not pound the body as much as running does，Dr.Norberg says.According to her research，runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step，while race walkers，who do not leave the ground，create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers.But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact，anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique，she says.It takes some practice.
（1）Why are race walkers conditioned athletes？ 　 　
A．They must run long distances.
B．They are qualified for the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
（2）What advantage does race walking have over running？ 　 　
A．It's more popular at the Olympics.
B．It's less challenging physically.
C．It's more effective in body building.
D．It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
（3）What is Dr.Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking？ 　 　
A．Getting experts' opinions.
B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
（4）Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking？ 　 　
A．Skeptical.
B．Objective.
C．Tolerant.
D．Conservative.
2．China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture.In comparison with Western methods，traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）adopts a vastly different approach.For thousands of years，Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases，therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang.Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm，and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy.When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed，people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM，acupuncture （针刺疗法），means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body ﹣ usually at acupoints （穴位）﹣ to restore the yinyang balance.It is often accompanied by moxibustion（灸法），which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon.It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles.And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition.The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies.In 2010，acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO.Presently，TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
（1）What does the underlined word "It" in paragraph 3 refer to？ 　 　
A．TCM.
B．Acupuncture.
C．Yinyang balance.
D．Moxibustion.
（2）What can we learn about Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon from the text？ 　 　
A．It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
B．It's a foundation of world medical research.
C．It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D．It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
（3）What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage？ 　 　
A．To introduce TCM to the world.
B．To review the development of TCM.
C．To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D．To comment on TCM in fighting COVID19.
（4）What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text？ 　 　
A．Why TCM gets recognition from WHO.
B．Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C．How TCM helps in the current situation.
D．How other countries adopt TCM well.
3．Many years ago，my dad was facing a serious heart condition.He was unable to do a steady job.He fell suddenly ill and had to be admitted to the hospital.
He wanted to do something to keep himself busy，so he decided to volunteer at the local children's hospital.My dad loved kids.It was the perfect job for him.He ended up working with the seriously ill children.He would talk，play，and do arts with them.
One of his kids was a girl with a rare disease that paralyzed（瘫痪） her from the neck down.She couldn't do anything，and she was very depressed.My dad decided to try to help her.He started visiting her in her room，bringing paints，brushes and paper.He stood the paper up，put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint.He didn't use his hands at all.All the while he would tell her， "See，you can do anything you set your mind to." At the end of the day，she began to paint using her mouth，and she and my dad became friends.Soon after，the little girl was sent home because the doctors felt there was nothing else they could do for her.My dad also left the children's hospital for a little while because he became ill.Some time later after my dad had recovered and returned to work，in came the little girl who had been paralyzed and only this time she was walking.She ran straight over to my dad and hugged him really tight.She gave him a picture she had done using her hands.At the bottom it read： "Thank you for helping me walk."
My dad would cry every time he told us this story and so would we.He would say sometimes love is more powerful than doctor，and my dad﹣who died just a few months after the little girl gave the picture﹣loved every single child in that hospital.
（1）The author's father worked at the local hospital to 　 　.
A．make his serious heart condition less serious
B．keep himself occupied and pleased
C．realize his childhood dream
D．earn money to pay for treatment
（2）How did the author's father help the paralyzed little girl？ 　 　
A．He helped her practice walking.
B．He visited her and made a toy for her.
C．He showed her she could still do things.
D．He painted special pictures for her.
（3）According to Paragraph 3，the paralyzed girl 　 　.
A．eventually became a unique painter
B．was sent home and never seen again
C．gradually recovered and walked
D．sent the author's dad a picture painted with her mouth
（4）What message does the passage mainly convey？ 　 　
A．It's better to give than to receive.
B．A sick person should not focus on his disease.
C．Volunteering is a worthwhile thing to do.
D．Love can sometimes bring great results.
4．With all the wars，fighting and sadness in the world today，it's not only necessary，but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives.Putting a smile on someone's face when you know they are feeling down in the dump，makes me feel good and warms my heart.
How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife，husband，child，co﹣worker，neighbor，close friends，or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store？I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh，even if I don't know the person I'm joking around with.My Grandma always found humor in everything she did，even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine.This not only relieves stress in any situation，but also is common courtesy（礼貌）to speak to others that are around you.
I know of a few people that don't have a funny bone in their bodies，as they say.Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face.They don't get the joke that makes others laugh.I am busting a gut while they just sit there，looking at me as if I were from outer space.How can people not get a really funny joke？
Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control.Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems，or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy.There is too much sadness in this present world.It drives people crazy.We all need to find a way to ignore the sadness and bring a little light into our lives.So，I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.
（1）What is the author's attitude towards the present world？ 　 　
A．Critical.
B．Positive.
C．Satisfied.
D．Indifferent.
（2）The phrase "busting a gut" in the third paragraph can be replaced by 　 　.
A．explaining carefully
B．speaking loud
C．keeping silent
D．laughing hard
（3）According to the author，humor is useful in the aspect that 　 　.
A．it makes people more confident
B．it can pick up people's spirits
C．it can help get rid of the cruelty in the world
D．it can help people get on well with others
（4）In writing the passage，the author mainly intends to 　 　.
A．introduce a practical way to get through daily life
B．convince people of the power of humour
C．encourage people to be humorous in daily life
D．talk about his own understanding of humor
5．
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History，Culture & Landscape （景观）.Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history，5 acres of celebrated and award﹣winning gardens with parkland walk.Owned by the Hasell family since 1679，home to the International Marmalade Festival.Gifts and antiques，plant sales，museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar ﹣ 29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30 ﹣ 17.00 （16.00 in Oct）.
House：11.15 ﹣ 16.00 （15.00 in Oct）
Town：Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open：Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays.10.30 ﹣ 17.00 Summer.10.30 ﹣ 16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover，explore and enjoy award﹣winning Tullie House，where historic collections，contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery.There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun，so there's something for everyone!
Open：High Season 1 Apr ﹣ 31 Oct：Mon to Sat 10.00 ﹣ 17.00，Sun 11.00 ﹣ 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov ﹣ 31 Mar：Mon to Sat 10.00 ﹣ 16.30.Sun 12.00 ﹣ 16.30.
Town：Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home.Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage，walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum.Visit the shop and relax in the café.Exhibitions，events and family activities throughout the year.
Open：Daily，09.30 ﹣ 17.30 （last admission 17.00）.
Town：Grasmere
（1）When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July？ 　 　
A．09.30 ﹣ 17.30.
B．10.30 ﹣ 16.00.
C．11.15 ﹣ 16.00.
D．12.00 ﹣ 16.30.
（2）What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum？ 　 　
A．Enjoy Romney's works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family.
（3）Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life？ 　 　
A．Penrith.
B．Kendal.
C．Carlisle.
D．Grasmere.
6．Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression by four fold.While 7.6 percent of the 13，000 people surveyed reported depressive symptoms，just 1.5 percent of the chocolate eaters did.The study also found that the people who consumed the most of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive symptoms.
The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed.The team assessed data from 13，626 adults from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
A range of other factors including height，weight，marital status，education，household income，physical activity，smoking and chronic（慢性的） health problems were also taken into account to ensure the study only measured chocolate's effect on depressive symptoms.
After adjusting for these factors，it was found that individuals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24﹣hour periods had 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the previous two weeks than those who reported not eating chocolate at all.
Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredients（精神活性成分） which produce a feeling of euphoria（兴奋感） similar to that of cannabinoid（大麻素），found in cannabis.It also contains phenylethylamine（苯基乙胺），which is believed to be important for regulating people's moods.
However British scientists urged caution about the findings，suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors.For example people who choose dark chocolate may be more health conscious in general，which is known to protect against depression.
Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.
（1）What is the aim of the study？ 　 　
A．To find a cure to depression.
B．To find out the cause of depression.
C．To research on the ingredients of chocolate.
D．To study association between depression and chocolate.
（2）What is phenylethylamine？ 　 　
A．Something that can make people excited.
B．Something that can adjust people's moods.
C．Something that can make people depressed.
D．Something that can make people overweight.
（3）What is British scientists' attitude toward the findings？ 　 　
A．Supportive.
B．Negative.
C．Doubtful.
D．Cautious.
（4）What are depressed people more likely to do？ 　 　
A．Eat sugary fatty foods.
B．Have dark chocolates.
C．Exercise outdoors.
D．Concern about health.
7．Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur（创业者），who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy.By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super﹣sweet treat that could save kids' teeth，instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.On the outing，she was offered a candy bar.However，her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.But Moore was sick of missing out on candies.So she desired to get round the warning，"Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it？"With that in mind，Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission，she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth friendly.She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently，she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners，which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground.Afterwards，she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner，who finally agreed to sell Moore's product﹣CanCandy.
As CanCandy's success grows，so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created，and she's also positive about what the future might bring.She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile，with her parents' help，Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although she founded her company early on in life，she wasn't driven primarily by profit.Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.She donates 10% of AilieCandy's profits to Big Smiles.With her talent and determination，it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
（1）How did Moore react to her dad's warning？ 　 　
A．She argued with him.
B．She tried to find a way out.
C．She paid no attention.
D．She chose to consult dentists.
（2）What is special about CanCandy？ 　 　
A．It is beneficial to dental health.
B．It is free of sweeteners.
C．It is sweeter than other candies.
D．It is produced to a dentists' recipe.
（3）What does Moore expect from her business？ 　 　
A．To earn more money.
B．To help others find smiles.
C．To make herself stand out.
D．To beat other candy companies.
（4）What can we learn from Alice Moore's story？ 　 　
A．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B．A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C．Positive thinking and action result in success.
D．Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
8．
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence （13 days）
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof.Ori Z.Soltes.We will visit some of the best﹣preserved Roman monuments in the world.Our tour also includes a chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin.Fields of flowers，tile﹣roofed （瓦屋顶）villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain （15 days）
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent（芳香）of oranges，but it is also a treasury of ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs.As we travel south from Madrid with Prof.Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia，we explore historical monuments and architecture.
China's Sacred Landscapes （21 days）
Discover the China of "past ages，" its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof.Robert Thorp.Highlights（精彩之处）include China's most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and Hangzhou's rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples.We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia （17 days）
Join Prof.Pedar Foss on our in﹣depth Tunisian tour.Tour highlights include the Roman city of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia，Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas around Tataouine and Matmata，unique for underground cities.Our journey takes us to picturesque Berber villages and lovely beaches.
（1）What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？ 　 　
A．Historical monuments.
B．Fields of flowers.
C．Van Gogh's paintings.
D．Greek buildings
（2）Which country is Prof.Thorp most knowledgeable about？ 　 　
A．France.
B．Spain.
C．China.
D．Tunisia.
（3）Which of the following highlights （突出）the Tunisian tour？ 　 　
A．White towns.
B．Underground cities.
C．Tile﹣roofed villages.
D．Rolling hills.
9．To create "Washed Up：Transforming a Trashed Landscape"，Alejandro Duran gathers plastic trash that is washed up on the beaches of Sian Ka'an，Mexico's largest federally﹣protected reserve.The site is also a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Yet every day，plastic pollution from around the world is washed up onto its shores（岸）.These materials inspired Duran to create a series of environmental art pieces，which he records with photos and videos.
I had the opportunity to speak with Duran.Duran was born in Mexico City and is now based in Brooklyn.He said that he had been collecting materials and creating photographs for the past five years，and the work was ongoing. "The project will tell me when to stop."
Each piece can convey a vastly different mood，from the calm greens of soda bottles to the playful rainbows of toothbrushes."I'm making art，" said Duran."It comes from the context and my moods.You can't say 'only something dark. '" The work reflects and plays with natural forms，exploring how humans influence the environment.The colorful and playful images can be much attention﹣grabbing." Beauty is a hook（钩子）to attract people's attention，" said Duran.
In addition to promoting awareness of the plastic pollution problem，Duran is also involved in educational programs and helps to organize beach clean﹣ups.He has also made a study of the types of products that are washed ashore in Sian Ka'an，and has identified objects from 50 different countries.Although there's no way to know where or how these objects were dropped into the sea，their labels show the global nature of the problem.
（1）What does Alejandro Duran do with the trash？ 　 　
A．He moves it away.
B．He collects and burns it.
C．He turns it into a form of art.
D．He puts it together for people to see.
（2）What does Alejandro Duran mean by saying "The project will tell me when to stop."？ 　 　
A．He will stop the project soon.
B．It's hard to carry on the project.
C．He will go on with the project.
D．The project is important to him.
（3）Aleandro Duran runs the project mainly to 　 　.
A．recycle the trash
B．change his career
C．clean up the beach
D．raise public awareness of pollution
（4）What is the text mainly about？ 　 　
A．Plastic pollution in the ocean.
B．An artist creating environmental art.
C．The global nature of the pollution problem.
D．Mexico's largest federally﹣protected reserve.
10．When it comes to materials to do good to our body，it must be mentioned that there are all sorts of foods to everyone's taste.Some foods are known to have a completely ruined effect on your brain function，and nutritionists advise us not to consume them too much in order to limit their negative impacts.
Here are the top five foods that kill your intelligence.
1.Sugar
Sugar and sugary products are bad not only for your waistline，but for your brain function as well.Long﹣term consumption of sugar can create a lot of neurological（神经系统的） problems，and it can also do harm to your memory.On the other hand，sugar can also bring damage to your ability to learn.So avoid the products.
2.Alcohol
Alcohol is known to harm your liver（肝）in long run，and it also causes what is known as "brain fog"，a feeling of mental confusion.It acts like a cloud that impacts your ability to think clearly，as well as your memory.Have you ever noticed that you cannot remember common items' names？This might be influenced by high alcohol intake，which impacts the balance of the brain.
3.Junk Food
A recent study has revealed that junk food can change the chemicals in the brain，thus leading symptoms associated with depression and anxiety.Besides，foods that are high in fat can also produce some symptoms that are similar to the signs of "miss" when you stop consuming them.These foods affect the production of dopamine（多巴胺），an important chemical that promotes happiness and an overall feeling of well﹣being.
4.Very Salty Foods
Everybody knows that salty foods affect your blood pressure and they are very hard on your heart.However，as research suggests，foods that contain high amounts of salt can affect your learning function and make your ability to think imperfect.Otherwise stated，salty foods affect your intelligence！As a matter of fact，the consumption of salty foods has been shown to have the same effect as taking drugs，as it can cause uncomfortable symptoms and hunger for salty foods.
5.Foods with Processed Proteins（蛋白质）
Meat is the richest source of high﹣quality protein，but avoid overly processed proteins such as hot dogs，sausages and so on.Unlike the natural proteins that help your body protect the nervous system，processed proteins do exactly the opposite.Better choose natural products，such as fish，dairy products，and seeds as these are natural，high﹣quality protein sources.
（1）Which group of foods may affect your memory？　 　
A．Sugar and alcohol.
B．Sugar and junk food.
C．Alcohol and junk food.
D．Sugar and very salty foods.
（2）If you want to promote happiness，which of the following should you stop eating？　 　
A．Sugar.
B．Foods with processed proteins.
C．Alcohol.
D．Junk food.
（3）Compared to the overly processed proteins，which of the following is an advantage of the natural proteins？　 　
A．The protection of the nervous system.
B．The increase of dopamine.
C．The protection of your intelligence.
D．The increase of happiness.
11．Emergencies can happen anytime，so being prepared for one is important for you and your family.Having a properly stocked first aid kit in your home is an easy but necessary part of good emergency preparation.
Pick a good container
One good choice is a large translucent plastic container，which makes it easy to see the materials inside.Lunchboxes are also another good choice.Basically，if it's big enough，portable，and at least somewhat water resistant，it can make a good container.Regardless of your container choice，it should be easy to recognize，so write "FIRST AID" on it with a marker.
Make your kit safely accessible
When your child is crying about a "boo﹣boo" on her knee，you don't want your home kit buried on the back of a closet or lost because it's not being returned to the same spot after each use.
Teach your family about the kit
For younger children who shouldn't use the items in the kit，teach them where it's located，so they could show a visitor，relative or babysitter.For older children and adults，instruct them on how to use the items in it.Use a first aid instruction booklet，like those available from the American Red Cross for guidance and place a booklet in the kit for reference.
Keep your kit up﹣to﹣date
No one wants to fetch a first aid kit and find the bandage box empty or the pain relievers expired（过期）.Keep track of supply amounts and expiration dates regularly.
Create a checklist in the kit
Record every item on a sheet of paper and keep it in the kit.Besides，record the amounts of the items and expiration dates next to the listed items on the checklist that you include in your kit.In this way，anyone who wants to reach the kit can immediately know what it includes and doesn't include.Also，they can be clear whether the items can be used.
（1）Which is close to the meaning of the underlined word "translucent"？ 　 　
A．Wide.
B．Advanced.
C．Clear.
D．Strong.
（2）What should the young children be told about the home first aid kit？ 　 　
A．How to use the items.
B．What contains in it.
C．Where to place it.
D．When to fetch it.
（3）Why should the home first aid kit be examined regularly？ 　 　
A．To make it clean and tidy.
B．To make sure it's available.
C．To be familiar with the items.
D．To learn to deal with emergencies.
（4）What makes it easy to find the items in the kit？ 　 　
A．First aid marker.
B．A checklist.
C．A guidance.
D．A booklet.
12．When Babbage was working at Cambridge，a new idea occurred to him．He wanted to construct a calculating machine to work out the solutions（解法）to maths problems not only with correctness but also with a speed beyond the power of any human mind．His machine could solve problems involving（涉及）long rows of figures in one continuous operation（运算）．
In 1822 Babbage exhibited his invention and won a prize from the government．After that，he immediately started to work on a larger machine designed to solve more difficult problems．Although he received some money left by his father，the money was not enough to support his design．He wrote to the government about his plan and was given ￡2500 to start with，a sum worth much more in those days than it is now．
Babbage continued his work in London for four years．Then his health broke down，and he had to take a long holiday abroad．When he returned to London in 1828，he was at the end of his resources．Many bills remained unpaid．His chief assistant and co﹣workers quarreled with him and left with many expensive tools．For one year no work was done．During this period，Babbage，whose mind was always active，suddenly thought of a completely new idea for the machine．He rushed to meet the government officials to explain his new idea．But this time，they were unwilling to help him．For eight years，they refused to say whether they wanted the machine or not，and their final answer was "No．"
From 1828 to 1839，Babbage held the position of professor at Cambridge very successfully．But his greatest work was the unfinished calculating machine which stood covered in dust in his house．It was the beginning of the modern computer．
（1）The machine Babbage designed would solve difficult maths problems　 　．
A．in one operation with few mistakes
B．in more than one operation without any mistakes
C．in more than one operation with slight mistakes
D．in one operation without any mistakes
（2）Babbage failed to continue his research work in 1828 mainly because　 　．
A．he was in poor health
B．he almost ran out of money
C．his co﹣workers argued with him
D．he spent all his money on his bills
（3）Babbage explained his new idea to the government officials，expecting that　 　．
A．they would agree to his plan
B．they would pay for his new idea
C．they would support him with money
D．they would exhibit his new design
（4）From the passage，we can infer that　 　．
A．Babbage failed to be a famous scientist at Cambridge
B．Babbage always had new ideas but gave them up easily
C．Babbage always needed support from the government officials
D．Babbage was the first designer of the modern computer
13．My neighbour Orlando is a paramedic（护理人员）.He and his wife are some of the nicest people I have ever met.A few years back we started this sort of "favor war"，where one of us would do something for the other，such as shoveling（铲）his driveway or helping him build a shed，and next time the other would try to top it with another favor.
Yesterday morning there was maybe 2 or 3 feet of snow on the ground and I remembered he shoveled my driveway for me last snowfall.So I took out my shovel and took care of both our sidewalks and driveways because it was my turn to do a favor back.It took a while but I finished and got into my car for work.What I didn't realize was that Orlando had to work that day too.
Fast forward to this morning I got a knock on my door.It was him.He immediately shook my hand and informed me that because I shoveled his driveway and sidewalk for him，he was able to get to work earlier.As soon as he started his shift，a call came through that a young boy was in a medical emergency.Luckily he and his partner were only about 2 minutes away，but the next closest ambulance was in 10 minutes.This kid did not have 10 minutes.He barely had 2 minutes.Because my neighbour got to work sooner，the young boy got to live his life.
This isn't a brag（吹嘘）.This is to inform others that even the smallest favors can have the biggest impacts.It wasn't too much of trouble to shovel his driveway for him，but because I did，the young kid got to see his family again，go back to school again，talk to his friends again and live his life.
（1）What can we know about the writer and Orlando？　 　
A．They once had a conflict.
B．They signed a favorable agreement.
C．They favor shoveling snow together.
D．They are always ready to help each other.
（2）Who saved the boy before it was too late？　 　
A．The writer.
B．The boy's parents.
C．Orlando and his wife.
D．Orlando and his partner.
（3）Why did Orlando knock on the author's door in the morning？　 　
A．To tell him to clear up the snow.
B．To tell him to do a favour back.
C．To express his thanks to him.
D．To say he started his shift.
（4）What does the writer intend to tell us？　 　
A．Never ask for trouble.
B．No favor is too small.
C．One cannot always be lucky.
D．Don't lose heart in an emergency.
14．"That's funny!These fellows in the middle of the plate have died，" Dr Alexander Fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in London．He had been studying some germs （细菌）that he was growing on a plate．They were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people．Dr Fleming found that a mould（霉菌） had floated in through the window landing on the plate．It had killed some of the germs it had touched．
"This certainly looks promising，" Fleming said．"We must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs．"
He named the strange mould "penicillin"．It proved to be a killer of many germs．Fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected （注射）with penicillin．The twenty﹣five untreated mice died，but twenty﹣four of those that had been treated with penicillin lived．Dr Fleming wrote a report about what he had found out．Hardly anybody took any notice of it．
In 1938 Dr Howard Florey，an Australian working in London，read Dr Fleming's report and was very interested．He found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings．
When World War II broke out，it was not possible to make enough penicillin in England．Dr Florey went to America where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made．It saved the lives of thousands of soldiers，sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin．
（1）Dr Alexander Fleming　 　．
A．had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill people
B．had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnesses
C．had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plate
D．had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better
（2）The reason why the twenty﹣five mice died was that　 　．
A．they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillin
B．they were almost dead ahead of the experiment
C．they were easy to die in the experiment
D．they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin
（3）In 1938，an Australian working in London named Howard Florey read Dr Fleming's report and　 　．
A．left England for America，making the drug
B．went to America to save the lives of thousands of soldiers，sailors and airmen
C．found penicillin effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings
D．went to America to make this drug for mice
（4）The underlined word "enormous" means "　 　 "．
A．rest
B．appropriate
C．little
D．huge
15．In the mid﹣1990s，Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.He left after seven months，physically broken and having lost his mind.A few years later，still attracted to the country，he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.
His visit，however，ended up involving a lot more than that.Hence this book，Chasing the Sea：Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia，which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan，where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea.It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land，and of the people he meets on his way：Rustam，his translator，a lovely 24﹣year﹣old who picked up his colorful English in California，Oleg and Natasha，his hosts in Tashkent，and a string of foreign aid workers.
This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan，made of friendliness and warmth，but also its darker side of society.In Samarkand，Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders，while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing.In Ferghana，he attends a mountain funeral（葬礼）followed by a strange drinking party.And in Karakalpakstan，he is saddened by the dust storms，diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.
Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references，making his tale a well﹣rounded picture of Uzbekistan，seen from Western eyes.His judgment and references are decidedly American，as well as his delicate stomach.As the author explains，this is neither a travel nor a history book，or even a piece of reportage.Whatever it is，the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.
（1）What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan？ 　 　
A．His friends' invitation.
B．His interest in the country.
C．His love for teaching.
D．His desire to regain health.
（2）What does the underlined word"that" in paragraph 2 refer to？ 　 　
A．Developing a serious mental disease.
B．Taking a guided tour in Central Asia.
C．Working as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.
D．Writing an article about the Aral Sea.
（3）Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan？ 　 　
A．Romantic.
B．Eventful.
C．Pleasant.
D．Dangerous.
（4）What is the purpose of this text？ 　 　
A．To introduce a book.
B．To explain a cultural phenomenon.
C．To remember a writer.
D．To recommend a travel destination.
期末专项培优 阅读理解
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共15小题）
1．Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does，however，have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes.The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50﹣kilometer race walk，which is about five miles longer than the marathon.But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact（接触）with the ground at all times.It's this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity，however，says Jaclyn Norberg，an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem，Mass.
Like running，race walking is physically demanding，she says.According to most calculations，race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories（卡路里）per hour，which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking，although fewer than running，which would probably burn about 1，000 or more calories per hour.
However，race walking does not pound the body as much as running does，Dr.Norberg says.According to her research，runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step，while race walkers，who do not leave the ground，create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.
As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers.But the sport's strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips，so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport.In fact，anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique，she says.It takes some practice.
（1）Why are race walkers conditioned athletes？ 　C　
A．They must run long distances.
B．They are qualified for the marathon.
C．They have to follow special rules.
D．They are good at swinging their legs.
（2）What advantage does race walking have over running？ 　D　
A．It's more popular at the Olympics.
B．It's less challenging physically.
C．It's more effective in body building.
D．It's less likely to cause knee injuries.
（3）What is Dr.Norberg's suggestion for someone trying race walking？ 　A　
A．Getting experts' opinions.
B．Having a medical checkup.
C．Hiring an experienced coach.
D．Doing regular exercises.
（4）Which word best describes the author's attitude to race walking？ 　B　
A．Skeptical.
B．Objective.
C．Tolerant.
D．Conservative.
【考点】社会；说明文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CDAB
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竞走相比跑步有诸多的优势，但是之前受过伤的人，要想从事这样运动要谨慎，最好咨询专家的建议。
【解答】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第二段"But the sport's rules require that a race walker's knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.（但这项运动的规则要求竞走运动员的膝盖在摆动腿的大部分时间保持直，并且一只脚始终保持与地面接触）"可知，竞走运动员是需要具备某些条件的运动员是因为运动员需要遵守特殊的规则。故选C。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段"As a result，she says，some of the injuries associated with running，such as runner's knee，are uncommon among race walkers.（因此，她说，一些与跑步有关的损伤，比如跑步者的膝盖，在竞走运动员中并不常见。）"可知，竞走与跑步相比的优势是不太可能导致膝盖受伤。故选D。
（3）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段Dr.Norberg说的话"In fact，anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique（事实上，任何想尝试竞走的人都应该首先咨询教练或有经验的竞走运动员，学习适当的技巧。）"可知，Dr.Norberg建议想尝试竞走的人征询专家的建议。故选A。
（4）B.观点态度题。根据第一段"Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.It does，however，have its own problem.（研究表明，竞走与跑步有许多健身好处，而且很可能有助于减少受伤。然而，它也有自己的问题）"可判断出作者对于竞走的态度是客观的。A.Skeptical"怀疑的"；B.Objective"客观的"；C.Tolerant"宽容的"；D.Conservative"保守的"。故选B。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
2．China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture.In comparison with Western methods，traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）adopts a vastly different approach.For thousands of years，Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases，therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body's life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang.Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm，and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy.When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed，people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM，acupuncture （针刺疗法），means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body ﹣ usually at acupoints （穴位）﹣ to restore the yinyang balance.It is often accompanied by moxibustion（灸法），which involves burning the mugwort on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon.It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles.And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition.The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies.In 2010，acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO.Presently，TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
（1）What does the underlined word "It" in paragraph 3 refer to？ 　B　
A．TCM.
B．Acupuncture.
C．Yinyang balance.
D．Moxibustion.
（2）What can we learn about Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon from the text？ 　D　
A．It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion.
B．It's a foundation of world medical research.
C．It stresses the importance of using acupoints.
D．It greatly boosts the development of TCM.
（3）What is the writer's purpose of writing the passage？ 　A　
A．To introduce TCM to the world.
B．To review the development of TCM.
C．To tell TCM and Western medicine apart.
D．To comment on TCM in fighting COVID19.
（4）What might be talked about in the paragraph following the text？ 　C　
A．Why TCM gets recognition from WHO.
B．Why TCM is gaining popularity.
C．How TCM helps in the current situation.
D．How other countries adopt TCM well.
【考点】说明文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇健康环保类说明文。本文主要介绍了中国的传统中医文化。它和西医不同，有着独特的理论和治疗体系。针灸引起了国际医学界的关注，中医药正逐渐获得世界范围内的认可。
【解答】（1）B.代词指代题。根据第三段中的 One of the traditional techniques of TCM，acupuncture （针刺疗法），means insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body ﹣ usually at acupoints （穴位）﹣ to restore the yinyang balance.（针灸是一种传统的中医技术，指的是将针插入身体的表面结构﹣﹣﹣通常是在穴位上﹣﹣﹣以恢复阴阳平衡。）讲的是针刺疗法的相关内容，根据语境可知，此处表示针刺疗法经常伴随灸法，因此It指的是acupuncture。结合选项，故选B。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第四段内容The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon.It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.（我们所知道的第一本明确提到针灸的文献是《黄帝内经》。它是中国最早、最重要的中医著作，被认为是中国最具代表性的医学文本。）可推测出《黄帝内经》极大地促进了中医药的发展。故选D。
（3）A.目的意图题。通读全文，文章前半部分介绍了中医独特的理论和疗法，后面说中医正逐渐受到世界范围内的认可，由此可知作者写这篇文章的目的是向世人介绍中医。故选A。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Presently，TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID19 since its outbreak in January 2020.（自2020年1月新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来，中医因其提高治愈率的有效性而再次成为新闻热点。）可知自2020年1月新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来，因其在提高治愈率上的成效，中医再次出现在新闻当中，故可推知下面一段内容将围绕中医如何帮助解决目前情况而展开，故选C。
【点评】考查健康环保类阅读理解。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
3．Many years ago，my dad was facing a serious heart condition.He was unable to do a steady job.He fell suddenly ill and had to be admitted to the hospital.
He wanted to do something to keep himself busy，so he decided to volunteer at the local children's hospital.My dad loved kids.It was the perfect job for him.He ended up working with the seriously ill children.He would talk，play，and do arts with them.
One of his kids was a girl with a rare disease that paralyzed（瘫痪） her from the neck down.She couldn't do anything，and she was very depressed.My dad decided to try to help her.He started visiting her in her room，bringing paints，brushes and paper.He stood the paper up，put the paintbrush in his mouth and began to paint.He didn't use his hands at all.All the while he would tell her， "See，you can do anything you set your mind to." At the end of the day，she began to paint using her mouth，and she and my dad became friends.Soon after，the little girl was sent home because the doctors felt there was nothing else they could do for her.My dad also left the children's hospital for a little while because he became ill.Some time later after my dad had recovered and returned to work，in came the little girl who had been paralyzed and only this time she was walking.She ran straight over to my dad and hugged him really tight.She gave him a picture she had done using her hands.At the bottom it read： "Thank you for helping me walk."
My dad would cry every time he told us this story and so would we.He would say sometimes love is more powerful than doctor，and my dad﹣who died just a few months after the little girl gave the picture﹣loved every single child in that hospital.
（1）The author's father worked at the local hospital to 　B　.
A．make his serious heart condition less serious
B．keep himself occupied and pleased
C．realize his childhood dream
D．earn money to pay for treatment
（2）How did the author's father help the paralyzed little girl？ 　C　
A．He helped her practice walking.
B．He visited her and made a toy for her.
C．He showed her she could still do things.
D．He painted special pictures for her.
（3）According to Paragraph 3，the paralyzed girl 　C　.
A．eventually became a unique painter
B．was sent home and never seen again
C．gradually recovered and walked
D．sent the author's dad a picture painted with her mouth
（4）What message does the passage mainly convey？ 　D　
A．It's better to give than to receive.
B．A sick person should not focus on his disease.
C．Volunteering is a worthwhile thing to do.
D．Love can sometimes bring great results.
【考点】记叙文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个感人的故事。作者的父亲因为心脏病住院，在住院期间为了使自己忙碌和充实起来，他去了当地的儿童医院做一名志愿者。在医院他鼓励一位因疾病而瘫痪在床的小女孩勇敢乐观，教她用嘴画画。终于小女孩能够走路了。爱的力量有时候比医生的力量更加强大。
【解答】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段"He wanted to do something to keep himself busy，so he decided to volunteer at the local children's hospital.（他想做点什么让自己忙碌起来，所以他决定去当地的儿童医院做一名志愿者。）"可知，作者的父亲在当地一家医院工作是让自己保持忙碌和使自己快乐。故选B。
（2）C.细节理解题。根据第三段"All the while he would tell her，"See，you can do anything you set your mind to."At the end of the day，she began to paint using her mouth，（他总是对她说："你看，你可以做任何你想做的事。"在一天结束时，她已经学会了用嘴画画。）"可知，作者的父亲是通过向小女孩展示了她仍然可以做很多事情来帮助这个瘫痪的小女孩的。故选C。
（3）C.细节理解题。根据第三段"in came the little girl who had been paralyzed and only this time she was walking.（那个瘫痪的小女孩走了进来，只是这次她能走了。）"可知，瘫痪的女孩逐渐恢复健康并能够行走。故选C。
（4）D.主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段"love is more powerful than doctor（爱比医生更强大）"可知，短文讲述了一个感人的故事。作者的父亲因为心脏病住院，在住院期间为了使自己忙碌和充实起来，他去了当地儿童医院做志愿者。在医院他鼓励一位因疾病而瘫痪在的小女孩勇敢乐观，教她用嘴画画，终于小女孩能够走路了，爱的力量有时候比医生的力量更加强大。所以这篇文章主要传达了爱可以带来异乎寻常的结果。故选D。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4．With all the wars，fighting and sadness in the world today，it's not only necessary，but also essential to have a good sense of humor just to help us get through each and every day of our lives.Putting a smile on someone's face when you know they are feeling down in the dump，makes me feel good and warms my heart.
How would you feel if you could not joke around with your wife，husband，child，co﹣worker，neighbor，close friends，or even just someone that you are standing in line with at your corner store？I am always saying things that make others smile or laugh，even if I don't know the person I'm joking around with.My Grandma always found humor in everything she did，even if it was the hardest job anyone could imagine.This not only relieves stress in any situation，but also is common courtesy（礼貌）to speak to others that are around you.
I know of a few people that don't have a funny bone in their bodies，as they say.Everyone around them could be rolling on the floor after hearing a great joke and they would sit there without the slightest smile on their face.They don't get the joke that makes others laugh.I am busting a gut while they just sit there，looking at me as if I were from outer space.How can people not get a really funny joke？
Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control.Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems，or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy.There is too much sadness in this present world.It drives people crazy.We all need to find a way to ignore the sadness and bring a little light into our lives.So，I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together.
（1）What is the author's attitude towards the present world？ 　A　
A．Critical.
B．Positive.
C．Satisfied.
D．Indifferent.
（2）The phrase "busting a gut" in the third paragraph can be replaced by 　D　.
A．explaining carefully
B．speaking loud
C．keeping silent
D．laughing hard
（3）According to the author，humor is useful in the aspect that 　B　.
A．it makes people more confident
B．it can pick up people's spirits
C．it can help get rid of the cruelty in the world
D．it can help people get on well with others
（4）In writing the passage，the author mainly intends to 　C　.
A．introduce a practical way to get through daily life
B．convince people of the power of humour
C．encourage people to be humorous in daily life
D．talk about his own understanding of humor
【考点】社会；说明文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】ADBC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中告诉我们现实社会里有很多让人悲伤的事情，能化解这些悲伤的事情的只有幽默。接下来作者解释了幽默的作用，目的在于鼓励人们要有积极的态度。
【解答】（1）A.观点态度题。根据文章第一段"With all the wars，fighting and sadness in the world today今天的世界充满了战争，战斗和悲伤"和最后一段"here is too much sadness in this present world.It drives people crazy.We all need to find a way to ignore the sadness and bring a little light into our lives.这个世界有太多的悲伤。它让人发疯。我们都需要找到一种方法来忽略悲伤，给我们的生活带来一点光明。"可知在现在的生活里有战争和很多让人悲伤的事情，我们要积极地面对。说明作者对现在的世界持批评的态度。A.Critical."批评的"；B.Positive."积极的"；C.Satisfied."满意的"；D.Indifferent."冷漠的"。故A正确。
（2）D.猜测词义题。根据本句"I am busting a gut while they just sit there，looking at me as if I were from outer space.我笑得很厉害，当别人坐在那里的时候看着我好像我是来自外太空一样。"while表示对比，说明该词表示我笑得乐不可支。A.explaining carefully"仔细解释"；B.speaking loud"大声说话"；C.keeping silent"保持沉默"；D.laughing hard"大笑"。故D正确。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第一段最后两行"Putting a smile on someone's face when you know they are feeling down in the dump，makes me feel good and warms my heart.当别人心情低落的时候，给他们一个微笑，这让我感觉很好，也温暖了我的心。"可知幽默能够让温暖我们的内心，让我们在困境里感觉更好。说明幽默可以改善我们的情绪。故B正确。
（4）C.推理判断题。作者在本文中着重告诉我们幽默的重要性，目的就是为了鼓励人们在日常生活中要幽默大笑。C.encourage people to be humorous in daily life"鼓励人们在日常生活中要幽默"。故C正确。
【点评】做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。
5．
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History，Culture & Landscape （景观）.Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history，5 acres of celebrated and award﹣winning gardens with parkland walk.Owned by the Hasell family since 1679，home to the International Marmalade Festival.Gifts and antiques，plant sales，museums & Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open：29 Mar ﹣ 29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop：10.30 ﹣ 17.00 （16.00 in Oct）.
House：11.15 ﹣ 16.00 （15.00 in Oct）
Town：Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall's temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for thinking they are in a city gallery.The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open：Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays.10.30 ﹣ 17.00 Summer.10.30 ﹣ 16.00 Winter.
Town：Kendal
Tullie House Museum & Art Gallery
Discover，explore and enjoy award﹣winning Tullie House，where historic collections，contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery.There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun，so there's something for everyone!
Open：High Season 1 Apr ﹣ 31 Oct：Mon to Sat 10.00 ﹣ 17.00，Sun 11.00 ﹣ 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov ﹣ 31 Mar：Mon to Sat 10.00 ﹣ 16.30.Sun 12.00 ﹣ 16.30.
Town：Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home.Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage，walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum.Visit the shop and relax in the café.Exhibitions，events and family activities throughout the year.
Open：Daily，09.30 ﹣ 17.30 （last admission 17.00）.
Town：Grasmere
（1）When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July？ 　C　
A．09.30 ﹣ 17.30.
B．10.30 ﹣ 16.00.
C．11.15 ﹣ 16.00.
D．12.00 ﹣ 16.30.
（2）What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum？ 　A　
A．Enjoy Romney's works.
B．Have some interactive fun.
C．Attend a famous festival.
D．Learn the history of a family.
（3）Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth's life？ 　D　
A．Penrith.
B．Kendal.
C．Carlisle.
D．Grasmere.
【考点】应用文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】CAD
【分析】本文为应用文．文章介绍湖区一些景点的特色，开放时间，所在地等信息．
【解答】（1）C．细节理解题．根据Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens这部分的House：11.15﹣ 16.00（15.00 in Oct）.可知，Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens的房子在七月份是11.15﹣ 16.00开放．故选C．
（2）A．细节理解题．根据Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum这部分的The impressive permanent collection includes Tumers and Romneys.令人印象深刻的永久收藏品包括图姆斯和罗姆尼的作品．可知，Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum的游客可以欣赏Romney的作品．结合选项，故选A．
（3）D．细节理解题．根据Dove Cottage & The Wordsworth Museum这部分 Discover William Wordsworth's inspirational home探索威廉华兹华斯的灵感之家，和最后一行Town：Grasmere，可知，如果游客想探索华兹华斯的生活，他们应该去哪里Grasmere.故选D．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
6．Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression by four fold.While 7.6 percent of the 13，000 people surveyed reported depressive symptoms，just 1.5 percent of the chocolate eaters did.The study also found that the people who consumed the most of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive symptoms.
The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed.The team assessed data from 13，626 adults from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
A range of other factors including height，weight，marital status，education，household income，physical activity，smoking and chronic（慢性的） health problems were also taken into account to ensure the study only measured chocolate's effect on depressive symptoms.
After adjusting for these factors，it was found that individuals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24﹣hour periods had 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the previous two weeks than those who reported not eating chocolate at all.
Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredients（精神活性成分） which produce a feeling of euphoria（兴奋感） similar to that of cannabinoid（大麻素），found in cannabis.It also contains phenylethylamine（苯基乙胺），which is believed to be important for regulating people's moods.
However British scientists urged caution about the findings，suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors.For example people who choose dark chocolate may be more health conscious in general，which is known to protect against depression.
Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.
（1）What is the aim of the study？ 　D　
A．To find a cure to depression.
B．To find out the cause of depression.
C．To research on the ingredients of chocolate.
D．To study association between depression and chocolate.
（2）What is phenylethylamine？ 　B　
A．Something that can make people excited.
B．Something that can adjust people's moods.
C．Something that can make people depressed.
D．Something that can make people overweight.
（3）What is British scientists' attitude toward the findings？ 　D　
A．Supportive.
B．Negative.
C．Doubtful.
D．Cautious.
（4）What are depressed people more likely to do？ 　A　
A．Eat sugary fatty foods.
B．Have dark chocolates.
C．Exercise outdoors.
D．Concern about health.
【考点】说明文．
【专题】阅读理解．
【答案】DBDA
【分析】本文介绍了最新的一项研究，这项研究是第一次根据巧克力的消费类型来研究与抑郁症的关系。告诉我们食用黑巧克力可以降低患抑郁症的风险。
【解答】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句"The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed."这项研究是第一次根据巧克力的消费类型来研究与抑郁症的关系.可知，其目的是研究抑郁和食用巧克力之间的关系。所以选D。
（2）B .细节理解题。根据第五段的最后一句"which is believed to be important for regulating people's moods"这被认为对调节人们的情绪很重要.可知，苯基乙胺是调节人们情绪的东西。所以选B。
（3）D.推理判断题。根据第六段的第一句"However British scientists urged caution about the findings，suggesting that the decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors."然而，英国科学家敦促人们谨慎对待这一发现，认为吃黑巧克力的决定可能与其他健康因素有关。可知，英国科学家对研究的发现持谨慎的态度。A.Supportive.支持的；B.Negative.消极的；C.Doubtful.怀疑的；D.Cautious谨慎的。所以选D。
（4）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段"Depressed people are also more likely to crave more sugary fatty foods and so could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate."抑郁的人也更可能渴望更多含糖高脂肪的食物，因此在选择巧克力时不太可能选择深色的替代品。可知，抑郁的人也更有可能想吃更多的高糖高脂食物，A.Eat sugary fatty foods.吃含糖高脂肪的食物；B.Have dark chocolates.吃黑巧克力；C.Exercise outdoors.户外运动；D.Concern about health.关心健康。故选A项。
【点评】阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
7．Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur（创业者），who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy.By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super﹣sweet treat that could save kids' teeth，instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.On the outing，she was offered a candy bar.However，her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.But Moore was sick of missing out on candies.So she desired to get round the warning，"Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it？"With that in mind，Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad's permission，she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth friendly.She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning.Consequently，she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners，which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business off the ground.Afterwards，she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner，who finally agreed to sell Moore's product﹣CanCandy.
As CanCandy's success grows，so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created，and she's also positive about what the future might bring.She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile，with her parents' help，Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although she founded her company early on in life，she wasn't driven primarily by profit.Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.She donates 10% of AilieCandy's profits to Big Smiles.With her talent and determination，it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
（1）How did Moore react to her dad's warning？ 　B　
A．She argued with him.
B．She tried to find a way out.
C．She paid no attention.
D．She chose to consult dentists.
（2）What is special about CanCandy？ 　A　
A．It i