第5讲 冠词专项-2025年小学英语小升初暑假衔接讲义人教版PEP（含答案）

2025年小学英语小升初暑假衔接讲义
第5讲冠词专项
复习内容 冠词 专项
复习指引 理解冠词是什么及其含义； 能够熟练掌握冠词的分类及用法； 熟悉冠词的考点。
入门测
一、单选题
( )1．I took _______ picture of the Golden Gate Bridge．
A．a B．an C．/
( )2．______ sun is very shining．
A．A B．An C．The
( )3．This is Ms． White． She is ______ driver．
A．/ B．an C．a D．one
( )4．Jack has ______ umbrella． ______ umbrella is new．
A．an; A B．an; the C．an; The
( )5．Tom is going to be ______ engineer when he ______ up．
A．an; will grow B．a; grow C．an; grows
( )6．Alice is fond of playing ______ piano but her father bought her ______ violin．
A．the; a B．the; the C．a; a D．a; the
( )7．—What are you going to do tomorrow
—I’m going to have ______ art lesson
A．a B．an C．the D．/
( )8．We have ______ art festival． It’s ______ November 3rd．
A．a; on B．on; in C．an; on
( )9．Sam is going to play _________ basketball．
A．/ B．the C．a
( )10．People like playing ______ football, but Tom and Bobby______． They like playing ______ violin．
A．the; doesn’t; / B．/; doesn’t; the
C．the; don’t; / D．/; don’t; the
内容回顾
冠词专项
理解冠词是什么及其含义；
能够熟练掌握冠词的分类及用法；
熟悉冠词的考点。
互动精讲
(
要点：语法解析
)
冠词是什么？
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。
冠词的种类
英语中的冠词有三种：
a, an, the．其中a和an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。
不定冠词a(an)与数词one用源，是“一个”的意思
冠词的含义
①表示"一个"，意为one指某人或某物
A Mr．Ling is waiting for you．
②代表一类人或物
A knife is a tool for cutting with．
Mr． Smith is an engineer（工程师）．
③词组或成语
a little/a few/a lot/in a minute/in aword/have a cold/have a try/ keep an eye on等
【知识点1】不定冠词a/an
不定冠词的用法
表示事物的数量为1
I have an apple and abanana．我有一个苹果和一个香蕉。
There is a pencil in thepencil-box．铅笔盒里有一支铅笔
表示一类事物
Arabbit can jump．兔子会跳。
Iwant to see a doctor．我想去看医生。
表示“每一”
I go to the cinema twice a year．我每年去电影院两次。
How much are the apples Two yuan a kilo．苹果多少钱 每公斤两元。
某些固定用法
have a rest 休息一下 have a look看一看
for a while一会儿 have a fever 发烧
have a walk散步 in a hurry 匆忙地
在不定冠词a/an的固定用法中，其实a/an没有十分明确的含义，只是习惯用法，但不可遗漏。
a/an的用法区别
不定冠词 用法 举例
a 用在辅音音素开头的单词前 a book /apencil
an 用在元音音素开头的单词前 an apple/anegg
特别提示:注意区分元音音素与元音字母
元音音素与辅音音素的判别，要以发音为准。
如:anumbrella中的u的发音为[A]:而aunit中的发音为辅音音素[i]，需要用a而不是an所以在分辨时，要尤其注意。
an umbrella（√） aumbrella（×）
有些单词看似第一个字母是辅音字母，但实际上发音是元音音素，需要用an。
如:anhour一小时
【知识点2】定冠词the
定冠词the在名词之前有特指的作用。
即:“这个，那个，这些，那些”等，用法较多。
用在特指的人或事物前
The girl in red is mycousin．穿红衣服的女孩是我表姐。
Is the red pen yours 这支红钢笔是你的吗
用在双方都知道的人或事物前
Do you like the film 你喜欢那部电影吗 (大家都知道在谈论哪部电影)
I went to the park yesterday．我昨天去了那个公园。(大家都知道说的是哪个公园)
3．上文提及到的人或事物
I have a cap． Thecap is white．我有一顶帽子，它是白色的。
This is my cat． The cat is three yearsold．这是我的猫，它已经三岁了。
4．用于世界上独一无二的事物
the sun 太阳 the moon月亮
the earth 地球 the sky 天空
用于形容词前，表示一类人
the poor 穷人 the blind盲人
the rich 富人 the old老人
表示一家人, the加上姓氏的复数形式
The Lis are at the beach．李一家在海滩上。
The Smiths livein Shanghai．史密斯一家住在上海。
用在序数词，形容词最高级前。
例如: The first lesson is the easiest one in this book．
第一课是这本书最简单的一课。
用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
例如: the Great Wall 长城 the United States 美国
用在方位词前。
例如: on the left 在左边 in the middle of 在中间
用在乐器名称前。
例如: she plays the piano every day．她每天弹钢琴。
用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家程党源等名词前
例如: the black sea 黑海 the yangzi river 长江
用在某些固定词组中:
all the same仍然; all the time一直; at the moment此刻; at the same time同时;
by the way顺便说; do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服;
in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上; in the open air 在户外，在野外
【知识点3】零冠词的用法
在专有名词和不可数名词前。
例如: class two二班 Tian’an men square 天安门广场 water水
可数名词前已有作定语的物主代词(my，your， his, her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时。
例如: my book（√）; my the book（×）
复数名词表示一类人或事物时。
例如：They are teachers．他们是老师。
Tigers like meat．老虎喜欢吃肉
在星期，月份，季节，节日前。
例如:on Sunday在周日 in march在三月 in spring在春天 on women’s day在妇女节
特例: 如果月份，季节等被一个限定性定语修饰时，则要加定冠词。
例如: He joined the army in the spring of 1982．他在1982年春季参军。
在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前。
例如: tom汤姆 mum妈妈
在学科名称, 三餐饭和球类运动名称前。
例如: I have lunch at school every day．
特例: 当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词。
例如: I can see a football．我可以看到一只足球。
Where’s the football 那只足球在哪儿 (指足球，并非“球类运动”)
在表特定的公园, 街道, 车站, 桥, 学校等之前。
例如: No．25 Middle school 8
8．某些固定词组中不用冠词。
(1) 与by连用的交通工具名称前:
by bus 乘公共汽车;by car 乘汽车;by bike 骑/坐自行车;by train 乘火车;by air/plane 乘飞机;
by sea/ship 乘船
但take a bus, in a boat, on the bike前需用冠词。
(2) 名词词组:day and night 日日夜夜;brother and sister 兄弟姐妹;hour after hour 时时刻刻; here and there 到处
(3) 介词词组:at home 在家;in surprise 惊奇地;at noon 在中午;on foot 步行;at night 在晚上;on duty值日;at work 在工作;on time 准时;for example
例如: in class 在上课; on show 展览; in bed在床上
(4) go短语 :
go home 回家;go to bed 上床睡觉;go to school 去上学;go to work 去上班;
go shopping/swim- ming/boating 去买东西/游泳/划船
【知识点4】用与不用冠词的差异
【温馨提示】
在一些固定词组中，有无定冠词，其含义完全不同。
in front of(在某范围之外)在…前面
in the front of(在某范围之内)在…前面
in hospital(病人)因病住院
in the hospital(不一定是病人)在医院里
go to bed就寝,上床睡觉
go to the bed向床边走去, 走到床边
go to school(学生)上学
go to the school(不一定是学生)去学校
at table吃饭, 用餐
at the table在桌子旁边
at sea 在海上
at the sea 在海边
in class在课堂上,在上课
in the class在班级里
in bed生病在床 in the bed在床上
真题衔接
一、单选题
( )1．I have ______ interesting storybook．
A．a B．an
( )2．Daming is going to have ________ American birthday．
A．a B．an C．the
( )3．I have ______ aunts and _______ uncle．
A．three; an B．a; an C．an; an
( )4．Almost three quarters of _____ Earth is water．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
( )5．We all know _____ apple a day keeps the doctor away．
A．a B．the C．an D．\
( )6．Mid-autumn Festival is ______ important festival in China．
A．a B．an C．the
( )7．Spring Festival is ______ important festival in China．
A．a B．an C．/
( )8．There will be ______ one-hour documentary tonight on TV． It tells a story of ______ honest boy in the mountain village far away．
A．a; a B．/; a C．an; a D．a; an
( )9．My aunt is ______ English teacher．
A．a B．an C．the
( )10．That was ______ busy weekend．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
( )11．I often spend ______ hour watching TV every day． It can help me relax．
A．a B．an C．the D．/
( )12．—Look! ______ dinosaur is so tall．
—Yes． It’s ______ tallest dinosaur in this hall．
A．The; a B．An; the C．The; the
二、用单词正确形式填空
13．I am sending _______ (a) email to my friend．
14．—What’s ______ (those) in the sky —It’s ______ (aeroplane)．
15．I can see _______ (a) orange tree over there．
16．—What would you like
—I’d like ____ (a) cool umbrella．
17．We saw a panda and _______ (a) elephant．
三、选词/短语填空
18．Alice wants to buy ______ (an / a) new bike．
19．—Would you like _______ (a / an) egg
—_______ (Not / No), thanks．
20．We usually have __________ (an / a) dragon boat race．
21．She's sending ____ (a / an) email to my friend．
22．Here is ________ (a / an) umbrella for you．
四、选内容补全对话/短文
阅读下列短文，用“a”，“an”，“the”或“/”填空。
I am Sue． I’m 23 American girl． Sandy is my new friend． She’s from 24 Australia． My mother is 25 English teacher． She works in 26 school． Sandy’s mother is 27 doctor． She works in 28 hospital． Sandy is 29 good student． She often comes to school early and cleans 30 classroom． I like playing 31 chess, but Sandy likes playing 32 piano． We often study together．
五、选出错误选项并改正
( )33．They say there is an ghost in the tower． _______
A B C
( )34．I have andream．_______
A B C
( )35．I havebest mum in the world． _____
A B C
( )36．Areyouan police officer _________
A B C
( )37．She isaoutgoing girl． _________
A B C
( )38．I’m readingainteresting book． _______
A B C
( )39．-What does your mother do -She is doctor． ________
A B C
( )40．His sister worksina office． ______
A B C
( )41．I hadan great time with my friends． _______
A B C
( )42．Maths is my thefirst class every day． _______
A B C
六、找出错误部分并改正
43．改错：Would you like to play piano for us
_______________________________________________________________
模拟测试
一、单选题
( )1．—Did you play ______ ping-pong
—No, I didn’t． I played ______ piano．
A．/; the B．the; the C．the; /
( )2．He is ________ excellent goalkeeper．
A．a B．an C．/
( )3．We had _______ tennis game last week, and we won _______ game．
A．a; the B．an; the C．a; a
( )4．A boy is holding ________ umbrella behind him．
A．a B．an C．the
( )5．I want _______ apple．
A．a B．an C．two D．some
( )6．We visited _______ old friend in Beijing last week． We were all excited．
A．an B．/ C．a D．the
( )7．（I like watching movies and I want to be ______ actress．
A．the B．a C．an D．/
( )8．______ clock on the wall in his bedroom is very expensive．
A．The B．An C．A
( )9．There is ________ old Chinese ink painting on the wall．
A．a B．an C．the
( )10．There is ________ airport in Guangzhou．
A．a B．the C．an
( )11．We are watching ______ English opera．
A．a B．an C．/ (不填)
( )12．Paris is ______ capital of ______ France．
A．the; / B．the; a C．a; a
二、用单词正确形式填空
13．I play ping-pong for ______ (a) hour every day．
三、选词/短语填空
14．Li Ping is playing ______ (the / a) flute．
15．Lucy wants _____ (a / an) ice cream．
四、补全句子
16．The post office is _____ _____ _____ _____ (与博物馆相邻)．
五、填内容补全对话/短文
根据对话内容，填入恰当的冠词。
Millie: Let’s go to the Panda House first．
Daniel: Here we are． I can see 17 panda there． It’s lying on the grass．
Millie: How cute! I really love pandas． Look! There’s 18 baby panda． It’s so small．
Daniel: Yes． 19 baby panda doesn’t look like its mother．
Millie: Now let’s go to see some lions．
Daniel: Are 20 lions in 21 open area
Millie: No, they aren’t． They’re in 22 very big cage．
Daniel: I see．
(half an hour later)
Daniel: Millie, here’s 23 bridge． What can you see across it
Millie: Oh, 24 elephant is standing over there．
Daniel: Let’s go across 25 bridge and see 26 elephant．
六、汉译英：整句
27．刘涛是他班上最重的。
Liu Tao is _______ _______ in his class．28．（2023春·六年级统考期中）昨天公园里有一场有趣的表演，我们看到了许多鹦鹉。
There was _____ interesting _____, we _____ many parrots．
29．她经常弹钢琴。(汉译英)
____________________________________________
七、句子匹配
30．选词填空
on in be a all
（1）The rain is raining ________ around．
（2）It will ________ warm．
（3）It rains ________ flowers．
（4）Have ________ good time!
（5）You can swim ________ the sea．
参考答案
入门测
1．A2．C3．C4．C5．C6．A7．B8．C9．A10．D
真题衔接
1．B2．B3．A4．C5．C6．B7．B8．D9．B10．A
11．B12．C13．an14．that an aeroplane15．an16．a17．an
18．a19．an No20．a21．an22．an
23．an 24．/ 25．an 26．a 27．a 28．a 29．a 30．the 31．/ 32．the33．B a34．B a35．B the best
36．C a37．B an38． C an39． C a doctor
40． C an41． B a42． B the去掉
43．play piano改为play the piano
模拟测试
1．A2．B3．A4．B5．B6．A7．C8．A9．B10．C
11．B12．A13．an14．the15．an
16．next to the museum
17．a 18．a 19．The 20．the 21．the 22．a 23．a 24．an 25．the 26．the
27．the heaviest
28． an show saw
29．She often plays the piano．
30．（1）all （2）be （3）on （4）a （5）in