【重质高效】初中英语语法：冠词 精讲+练习（含答案）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
英语学科教师辅导讲义
授课类型 T C 冠词 T
授课日期及时段 ××年××月×× 日 ×：×——×：× 副校长签字
教学内容
不定冠词a ,an定冠词 the 冠词的分类 零冠词 用于可数名词前，表示“数量” 不定冠词的用法 用于序数词前 用于固定搭配冠词 the表示特指 定冠词的用法 the表示独一无二 the加序数词 其他用法 the加形容词最高级 “the+年份的复数”表示某年代 西洋乐器前加the 由普通名词构成的专有名词前 “the+形容词”表示一类人 固定搭配中的定冠词 零冠词 有无定冠词的区别不定冠词（a, an）的基本用法用法示例在叙述时用于第一次提到的人或物前This is a book指人或事物的某一类别，以区别于其他种类A plane is a machine that can fly.泛指某人或某物A young man is waiting for you用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，表示“一阵，一场等There’ll be a heavy rain tomorrow.用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前A knife and fork“a+序数词”表示“又一，再一”The cake is nice and I would like a second one.用于表面比率、速度、价格等，有“每一”的意思，相当于everyFive lessons a week不定冠词a, an的区别a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前a university, a European car，a useful toolAn用在以元音音素开头的单词前an apple, an hour, an honor, an X-ray注：a.判断词前用a还是an，是根据音标（音素）而不是根据字母； b.注意以“u”开头单词，当字母“u”发/Λ/音时，单词前用an；当“u”发/ju:/音时，单词前用a.含有a的常见固定词组a few/little/bit 一点儿 have a swim/talk/walk/look/rest游泳/交谈/散步/看一看/休息for a while 一会儿 keep a diary 记日记 do sb. a favor帮助某人 in a hurry匆忙当名词被其他词修饰时，不定冠词a或an的位置应注意：当名词被such, half, what, many等修饰时，不定冠词要放在这些词之后。如：It took me half an hour to write the letter.写那封信花了我半个小时What an interesting book it is!这是一本多么有趣的书啊！当单数名词前面的形容词前有so, how, too等词时，不定冠词应放在之后。如：How nice a film this is!这是一部多么好的电影啊！She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station.她是多么好的女孩啊，她把那位盲人带到了车站。C．当名词前有形容词和quite或very时，不定冠词置于quite之后，very之前。如：quite a good book一本十分好的书A very interesting story一个非常有趣的故事1.定冠词the的基本用法用法示例用于双方都知道的人或事物前Give me the book, please.特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物Do you know the girl in red 表示世界上第一无二的事物The moon moves around the earth.用在序数词、形容词最高级前，以及对两个人或事物进行比较时起特指作用的比较级前The first lesson is very easy.He is the younger of the two boys.用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩The Greens are watching TV now.用在单数可数名词前表一类人或事物The tiger is dangerous.与某些形容词连用表一类人We should help the old.用在表示方位或西洋乐器名称的名词前I like playing the piano.用于江河、海洋、山脉、沙漠、群岛等专有名词前，或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前 the Great Wall the Summer Palace 记忆口诀：特指双熟悉，上文已提及，世上独无二，序数最高级，普通专有名，习语及乐器2.用于某些固定短语中in + the+ 年份的复数 表示年代in the 1780s 在18世纪70年代hit+人+介词+部位 表示“打某人某部位”hit him on the head打他的头其他固定短语In the morning/afternoon/evening 在早晨/下午/晚上By the way 顺便说一下At the moment 现在3.定冠词的位置当定冠词与all ,half, both，double等词连用修饰名词时，定冠词放在这些词后面。如：All the books are here. 所有的书都在这儿。They walked half the journey. 他们走了旅程的一半。1.下列情况用零冠词不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时Horses are helpful animals.某些专有名词，如人名、地名、国家名等表示泛指时China is a great country.Mary lives in New York.名词前已有指示代词、物主代词或名词所有格等修饰时Every student likes English in our class.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前This is Professor Li.在三餐、球类运动及学科名词前Have breakfast play football用在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、山名等词前Nanjing RoadBy与交通工具名词连用时By car by train在节假日前Women’s Day2.在某些固定词组和习惯用语中，用零冠词。如： day and night日日夜夜 in trouble 在困境中 at first/last 首先/最后 side by side 肩并肩 step by step 一步一步地 face to face面对面3.有定冠词和无定冠词的区别 go to school上学（是学生） in class 在上课 a c. go to the school 到学校去（不一定是学生） in the class在班级里 at table 在吃饭 in front of在（…外部的）前面b d. at the table 在桌子旁 in the front of在（.内部）前 用适当的冠词填空(1)--Daming, what’s your dream --I want to be___ engineer some day.(2)Can you play____ guitar, Tom 变形一(1)Peter returned the wallet to the police. He was___ honest boy. (2)What ___ good news! Our school band will play at Harbin Summer Concert in August. 变形二 (1)看！那个穿红衣服的女孩是谁？ (2)你的父亲是每天开车上班吗？（用介词by）短语填空一小时________ 一个欧洲国家_________________一个橘子_____________ 一辆新自行车__________________一个诚实的人_____________ 一本有用的书________________一封邮件____________ 弹钢琴_________________变形一_____huge city ________college_____big city ________table_____quiet village ________chance巩固练习（中考题）1.His uncle will give him ____ birthday present. It’ll be wonderful.a B. an C. the D. /2.Peter returned the wallet to the police. He was _____ honest boy.a B. an C. the D./3.In order to find ____ better living environment, he decided to move to the west of the country.an B. a C./ D. the 4.Look at _____ calendar. It’s June 22.A．a B. an C. the D./5.I had _______ unusual day on my last school trip.a B. an C. / D. the6.Eric is not going to Nanjing by ______ plane. Instead, he is taking ______ train./;a B. a;/ C. a/the D. the/a 7.—Have you seen _____ film Where Are We Going，Dad __Yes, it’s ______ interesting film! A. a/the B. the/an C. a/an D. the/the8.If we sit by ____ window of the train, we’ll have ___ better view. A. /;the B. /;a C. the; a D. the; the9.What do you usually have for ____ breakfast A piece of bread and ____ egg. A. a; an B. /;the C. a; the D. /;an10.She has got two cats now. ____ black and white one is called Rosie and ____ brown one Joseph. A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a11.He has been ___ honest man in his life. A. a B. an C. the D. /12. Lianyungang is ____ attractive city. It’s such ____ nice place that many tourists come here every summer.A. a; a B. the; / C. an; / D. an; a13. I think it’s really ____ hard work for me to finish the job in twenty minutes. A. a B. an C. the D. /14. What do you think of ____ film about Zhan Tianyou It’s ____ good film. A. the; the B. a; the C. the; a D. a; a15. English is ____ useful language. We should learn it well. A. a B. an C. the D. /16. There is no living thing on ____ moon. A. the B. a C. / D. an17. Who is ____ man in a black hat It’s Jim Brown. We often play ____ basketball together in out free time.A. an; a B. a; / C. the; a D. the; /18. We usually go to ____ school on weekdays, and sometimes go to ____ cinema at weekends. A. /; the B. the; the C. the; / D./; /19. It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the20. I really like ___ book you lent me yesterday. A. a B. an C. the D. / 21. Does your father go to work by ___ car every day No, he sometimes takes ____ bus. A. a; the B. the; a C. /;a D. a; /22. Tong Liya is ____ famous actress who acted as a countrywoman in ___ 1970s in the TV showOrdinary World. A. a; / B. a; the C. the; the D. the; /23. Peter returned the wallet to the police. He was ___ honest boy. A. a B. an C. the D. /24. Mary, who’s ___ woman over there She’s my aunt, ____ English teacher.A. the; the B. a; the C. the; an D. a; an25 Let’s take ____ photo! Everyone, cheese! A. a B. an C. the D. /26. What ___ heavy rain it was!Yes, but I love ___ air when it rains. It smells so fresh.A. the; a B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a27. On March 11, 2011 ____ earthquake hit Japan.A. an B. a C. / D. the28. ____ old man in ____ brown coat over there is Mr. Jackson.A. an; a B. an; the C. the; a D. the; the29. –I missed the beginning of ____ cartoon The Lion King._What a pity! You should have left school half ____ hour earlier.a; an B. the; a C. the; an D. an; the30. Reading can make you become ___ expert and change your life.A. a B. an C. / D. the31. –Who is ____ girl in front of the library _The one with ___ umbrella She is our monitor.The; a B. the; an C. a; an D. a; the32. -____ chocolate bread you want is done now.-What ____ delicious smell!A. A; the B. A; / C. The; a D. The; /答案：1-5 ABBCB 6-10 ABCDC 11-15 BDDCA 16-20 ADAAC 21-25 CBBCA 26-30 BABCB 31-32 BC夯基实础(模拟)1. ____ old woman behind Mary is _____ university teacher. A. An; an B. A; the C. The; a D. The; an2. Such ___ polluted air really makes many people feel sick. They are thirsty for ___heavyrain so that it can take the haze(雾霾) away. A. a; / B. /; a C. the; the D. a; a3. The leaders from all over the world met and discussed ___ importance of working togetherin Beijing in 2014. A. a B. an C. the D. /4.Peter is ___ honest man so people in our village all believe him. A. a B. an C. the D. /5.I bought ____ car yesterday. But it’s ___ used one.A. a;a B. an;a C. the;a D. /;a6.Lily, open ___ door, please.I’m coming!A. a B. an C. the D. /7.Is ___ red bag under the table yours, Jean No, I only have ___ yellow bag. Maybe it’s Julia’s.A. a; the B. the; a C. a; a D. the; the8.After school, they usually play ___ football for an hour in ____ playground.A. the; the B. /; / C. /; the D. the; /9.The astronauts were so interested in ___ beauty of nature that they took lots of picturesin ___ space. A. the; / B. the; the C. /; the D. /; /10.Mom, why can’t I have ____ new bike Dear, you know, ____ money doesn’t grow on trees.A. the; the B. a; / C. a; the D. /; the11.Hurry up, or we’ll be late.Take your time---it’s just ___ short distance from here to ___ cinema.A. /; the B. the; a C. a; the D. /; a12.I missed the beginning of ____ musical programme The Voice of China.What a pity! You should leave your school half ___ hour earlier.A. a; an B. the; a C. the; an D. an; the13.In Nanjing, we stayed at a very nice hotel. But I can’t remember ___ name of it.A. the B. a C. an D. /14.Life is ____journey. What matters is whom we choose to travel with.A . a B. an C. the D. /15.Let’s look at the bag. Can you see ____ “s” on the corner of ___ bag A. a; a B. an; an C. an; the D. the; an16.Don’t make ___ same mistake for the second time in ___ day.A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. an; the17.How do you like ___ London It’s ___ great. I love it.A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a D. /; /18.Brian’s parents usually treat him as ____ adult though he is only a 12-year-old boy.A. a B. an C. the D. /19.Lily’s mother is ___ teacher in a school.A. a B. an C. the D. /20.We can have ___ bluer sky if we create ___ less polluted world. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the21.___ woman under the tall tree has ___ eight-mouth-old girl.A The; / B. A; a C. The; a D. The; an22.___ next morning, she went to ___ school without ___ breakfast.A. The; the; the B. The; /; / C. /; /; the D. The; /; the23.The president of China and the USA had ___ interview a short time ago. And it was __great success. A. an; / B. the; a C. an; a D. the; /24.Mr. Philip has made ___ survey on students’ lunchtime, and __survey shows us a lot of problems.A. an; an B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a25.Chairman Xi Jinping had ___ friendly talk with the US President Obama in ___ America last month.A. a; / B. the; / C. /; the D. a; an26.__ woman with sunglasses is ___ English teacher in New Star High School.A. the; a B. a; a C. the; an D. a; an27.Do not give up! Perhaps ___ tough task needs more of your effort.I won’t. I’ll have ___ second try anyway.A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the28.Mum, I want to buy ___ new toy car.But ___ old one is still running, isn’t it A. the; the B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an29.Do you know who invented ___ bicycle Sorry, I’ve no idea. Perhaps ___ European. A. a; an B. the; a C. /; the D. the; an30.It was ____ Saturday when we decided to see ___ film. But it was not as good as I had been told.A. a; / B. /; the C. a; the D. /; a31.This is ___ storybook. It was written by Yang Hongying.A. a B. an C. the D. /32.Who’s that girl You mean ___ one with long blond hair That’s Jack’s daughter.A. a B. an C. the D. /答案：1-5CBCBA 6-10CBCAC 11-15CCAAC 16-20ADBAD 21-25DDCCA 26-30CCCBD 31-32AC知识结构。串联本专题所讲内容。定义、结构、搭配词。了解一般现在时的定义掌握一般现在时时间状语的常用搭配。应用。重点掌握一般现在时的用法，不同形式的变化，能够造句与翻译。典例精讲。通过典例与变式题掌握一般现在时的易考点，把握各种题型的考察点。巩固练习。针对重难点设置的不同题型，对知识进行进一步的巩固，延伸，拓展，最后进行查缺补漏，完整掌握本章的内容
知识结构
考点一 不定冠词
考点二 定冠词
考点三 零冠词
典例精讲
本章小结
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