【精品解析】广东省深圳市建文外国语学校2024-2025学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题

广东省深圳市建文外国语学校2024-2025学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题
一、第一部分 单项选择(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
1．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The little boy's ________ behavior often got him into trouble with his parents.
A．mischievous B．warm C．polite D．calm
2．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The school guard at the event was wearing a special ________ to identify himself.
A．cap B．badge C．scarf D．glove
3．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The comedian's jokes were intended to ________ the audience and lift their spirits.
A．educate B．entertain C．challenge D．criticize
4．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The new street lights ________ the dark roads, making them safer at night.
A．illuminated B．darkened C．hidden D．blocked
5．（2024高二上·深圳月考）I noticed a tiny ________ on my shirt that needed to be cleaned.
A．pattern B．stripe C．hole D．spot
6．（2024高二上·深圳月考）When he heard the good news, he couldn't help ________ widely.
A．frowning B．sighing C．grinning D．yawning
7．（2024高二上·深圳月考）Water and air are ________ for human survival.
A．optional B．essential C．luxurious D．secondary
8．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The topic of discussion was quite ________, so please write down it with care.
A．ugly B．amusing C．interesting D．sensitive
9．（2024高二上·深圳月考）Seeing her friend's silly dance, she couldn't resist and finally ________ a smile.
A．shed B．cracked C．suppressed D．erased
10．（2024高二上·深圳月考）He had a ________ all day because he was worried about his exam results.
A．long face B．bright smile
C．cheerful mood D．glowing complexion
11．（2024高二上·深圳月考）Try to ________; everything will work out fine in the end.
A．give in B．give up C．cheer up D．speed up
12．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The new evidence has really ________ the mystery surrounding the case.
A．thrown light on B．cast doubt on
C．kept silent about D．ignored
13．（2024高二上·深圳月考）She submitted her application to the university cheerfully, but she received a letter of ________.
A．acceptance B．rejection
C．congratulations D．invitation
14．（2024高二上·深圳月考）He showed great ________ in his studies, never giving up even when things got difficult.
A．perseverance B．resistance C．stubbornness D．carelessness
15．（2024高二上·深圳月考）She felt a sense of ________ when she realized she had forgotten to study for the exam.
A．relief B．indifference C．happiness D．dread
16．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The city ________ she lives in is famous for its beautiful scenery.
A．which B．where C．when D．whose
17．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The person ________ helped me with my luggage was very kind.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
18．（2024高二上·深圳月考）This X-ray machine doesn't work, so it needs ________ for further use.
A．to repair B．repaired C．repairing D．repair
19．（2024高二上·深圳月考）These kids pretended ________ when he was telling them the same joke that he did last time.
A．laugh B．laughing C．laughed D．to laugh
20．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The foreign friends are looking forward to ________ around our school
A．showing B．to show C．showed D．show
二、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）Brooklyn Children's MuseumFounded in 1899 as the country's first museum specifically made for children, today BCM is comprehensive, with a permanent collection of 30,000 objects, including musical instruments, masks and dolls. Kids love the interactive World Brooklyn, a small cityscape（城市风光）lined by stores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.
Children's Museum of Manhattan
Looking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds Then head to Inside Art, the current show up at CMOM, which lets your little ones climb in and over and all around the exhibits. It's ideas like this that make the 40,000-square-foot so special. Learning about culture, history and science is a pride for kids aged six and under. CMOM also hosts classes—like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.
DiMenna Children's History Museum
The hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transport children back through 350 years of US history, with a special focus on NYC. Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors, athletes and political figures! Little New Yorkers can get in on sing-alongs and crafts. Other family programs include cookings classes, games and story hours.
Staten Island Children's Museum
Staten Island Children's Museum nurtures（培养）creativity. It offers hands-on experiences like the Block Harbor（plenty of blocks to play with!）, larger-than-life games like Connect Four and Dominoes, and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighter at Ladder 11, so you'll find immersive（沉浸式的）fun around every corner. Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.
21．Which museum provides biology classes for kids
A．Brooklyn Children's Museum.
B．Staten Island Children's Museum.
C．Children's Museum of Manhattan.
D．DiMenna Children's History Museum.
22．What can kids do in DiMenna Children's History Museum
A．Play interesting games with great firefighters.
B．Know about famous people's childhood lives.
C．Run stores like adults in different small streets.
D．Cook delicious local food with foreign athletes.
23．Where can kids learn how to protect the environment
A．At Ladder 11. B．At the Block Harbor.
C．In Green Living Room. D．On a human-sized anthill.
（2024高二上·深圳月考）In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.
Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, "She wasn't wearing shoes and her ankles were swollen (肿的). She sat down with me and was very polite. "After the interview, Mother Teresa asked him, "What are you doing to help the poor " Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasn't focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresa said, "Everyone can do something."
Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.
Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends met, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, "I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you're teased at school for that, you just want to escape."
He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself. He says, "I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, it's easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street; so I didn't have to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me."
Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless. "My heart broke," he says. "I knew I could no longer just live for myself."
Inspired by Mother Teresa's words and the stories he'd heard across America, Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women's empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.
24．What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India
A．He interviewed Mother Teresa.
B．He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa,
C．He attended an interview for a college.
D．He did something to help the poor.
25．What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4
A．He was born with disability. B．He led a hard life as a child.
C．He was well treated at school D．He survived as a parentless boy.
26．How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college
A．Self-centered. B．Sympathetic. C．Popular. D．Casual.
27．How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India
A．He preferred traveling to volunteering.
B．He suddenly fell in love with journalism.
C．He turned his focus to living for himself.
D．He gradually devoted himself to helping others.
（2024高二上·深圳月考）Scientists are urging that deep sea metal mining should be stopped temporarily. They warn in a report that it can cause severe and damaging effects on Pacific Ocean areas.
The recently-released report examined more than 250 published studies on deep Sea mining. The research was examined by the Deep Sea Mining Campaign- a collection of not-for profit organizations. The report centers on mining activities related to small metallic particles(金属颗粒)，called nodules, found on the seabed. The material can contain different metals. Increasing demand for these metals has led to a rise in deep-sea mining operations. The metals are commonly used in battery manufacturing and other technology products.
However, the scientists warn that mining for these nodules will cause irreversible(不可逆的) damage to an ocean already under pressure. The operations will affect areas across the South Pacific, including the nations of Kiribati, the Cook Islands, Nauru, Tonga and Papua New Guinea.
The report notes that a moratorium is the only responsible way to move forward until certain conditions surrounding deep-sea mining can be met. The scientists are calling for additional study to fully understand the environmental, social and economic risks.
Andrew Chin is the report's lead researcher. He says in a statement that nodule mining will likely result in the loss of sea life and cause damage to deep seabeds for thousands of years. He adds that the operations can put people at risk who depend on the ocean and its continued health.
A company planning to be one of the first to carry out mining operations in the area is Canada's DeepGreen, which aims to begin by 2024. It seeks to mine metallic nodules to be used in power systems for electric vehicles. DeepGreen Chief Executive Officer Gerard Barron defended the company's plans in reaction to the report. He said deep-sea mining offered the best alternative to surface mining, which has & long history of pollution and destroying forests and wildlife.
28．Why are deep-sea mining operations on the rise
A．More metals are needed. B．Surface mining is banned,
C．Battery industry is falling. D．The seabed is easy to find,
29．Which of the following best explains the word "moratorium" underlined in paragraph 4
A．Loose measure. B．Thorough study.
C．Permanent deal. D．Temporary stop.
30．What can we learn from Andrew Chin's words
A．Conditions surrounding deep-sea mining are great.
B．The damage caused by nodule mining is reversible.
C．Nodule mining can cause harm in various aspects.
D．People sure less likely to be affected by nodule mining,
31．What's Gerard Barron's attitude towards deep-sea mining
A．Opposed. B．Supportive. C．Ambiguous. D．Unconcerned.
（2024高二上·深圳月考）When I was in primary school, sometimes I would meet a girl of the same age as me. Lisa was never active, but she was always very sweet and nice. In the 5th grade she came to my class. She was absent a lot, and one day I had the courage to ask why. She told me she was sick, and she explained she wore a wig (假发) because her medicine made her lose her hair. Since then, anytime Lisa came to class, I would hang around with her on the playground.
I received much ridicule (嘲笑) from my friends for this because they thought I was ignoring them for Lisa. My family education taught me to be nice, and I felt Lisa's needs were much more important than others I knew.
It had been months since Lisa was in our class, and one day our teacher was crying. She explained Lisa died the day before and would no longer be our classmate. She told us Lisa had fought a battle (斗争) with cancer for years.
I was shocked. Lisa never spoke of her illness as if it could kill her. Well, all these years I have kept Lisa in my mind and heart. When I go through the important events in my life, I think of Lisa.
I've had a strong wish recently to find her mother and father. I'd like to tell them that though they never met me, their daughter had a sweet effect on my life. I have no idea what her parents' first names are. I write to your column (专栏) and hope you can point me in the right direction.
Lisa was such a lovely girl. Maybe her parents would be comforted by the fact that after all these years they are not the only ones who remember her.
32．Why was the author being laughed at
A．Because she wore a wig to school.
B．Because she always kept Lisa company.
C．Because she cried in the classroom.
D．Because she lost her friends because of Lisa.
33．What can we know about the author from the passage
A．She had known Lisa since they were born.
B．She has been to Lisa's house.
C．She has a good family education.
D．She was the first one to know about Lisa's death.
34．What did the author learn from Lisa
A．To keep your illness a secret.
B．To be nice to everyone everywhere.
C．To face challenges in life bravely.
D．To put others' needs above yours.
35．The author wrote this passage mainly to ________.
A．remember a true friend
B．ask for help to find a friend's parents
C．show her concern for a friend
D．tell her experience of fighting cancer
三、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
Schedule yearly exams.
　36． 　 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
Protect against UV rays .
Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses. 　37． 　 Give your eyes a break.
Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 　38． 　 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.
　39． 　.
As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses.
Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 　40． 　
Otherwise: you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
四、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）Misty Copeland spends most days twisting (扭动), spinning (旋转) and 41． . She practices and 42． the graceful movements of her art. When she isn't performing she is practicing. When she isn't practicing, she is stretching. She takes classes almost every day. She takes care of her body so she doesn't 43． it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre (芭蕾舞剧院).
"I treat my body with the respect that any musician would to their 44． ,"says Misty. "I love my body, "she adds.
Was she 45． confident Actually, she was a 46． girl and avoided the spotlight. But Misty loved music and movement. When she was thirteen, Misty's teacher suggested she 47． a free ballet class at the Boys&Girls Club, For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class, afraid to 48． Finally, she gave it a 49． At first, she felt 50． in the class. She didn't know anything about ballet, and she was 51． than most of the students. Over time, 52． she began to enjoy the lessons. She discovered that her body-especially her long legs and flexible muscles -was just 53． for ballet. After the class season ended, Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio. Most ballerinas (女舞者) start their training much younger than thirteen. But Misty's natural abilities and hard work made her improve quickly.
Over the next five years, ballet was Misty's 54． . She practiced, performed, competed and attended ballet programs. "Performing was my favourite part because I felt 55． and open onstage, she says. "For the first time in my life, I felt like I belonged. "
41．A．wandering B．leaping C．exercising D．dancing
42．A．perfects B．conquers C．examines D．describes
43．A．hurt B．injure C．spoil D．abuse
44．A．appearance B．voice C．techniques D．instruments
45．A．found B．made C．born D．trained
46．A．humble B．quiet C．cautious D．shy
47．A．attend B．register C．learn D．watch
48．A．stand up B．catch up C．cut in D．join in
49．A．rest B．chance C．try D．thought
50．A．out of place B．out of order C．out of mind D．out of control
51．A．younger B．older C．taller D．shorter
52．A．meanwhile B．however C．moreover D．thus
53．A．ready B．good C．right D．qualified
54．A．life B．major C．prospect D．stage
55．A．improved B．calm C．free D．secure
五、第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
（2024高二上·深圳月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Jack was a small boy, he was once asked to give a speech about "A Big Challenge in My Life". To talk before the whole class, he was　56． 　(terrible)shy the moment he thought of so many eyes. staring at him. He had no other　57． 　(choose), though. First Jack was to draft the speech,　58． 　was just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer. Because it was not allowed to read from the paper, he　59． 　 (have)to give the speech　60． 　his memory and in front of such a big audience!
Gradually he found himself back,　61． 　(give)out his speech without much difficulty. After what seemed to be a hundred years, he found the audience applauding. He made　62． 　! From then on, his fear of talking: before an audience disappeared. Actually with his confidence　63． 　(build) up, Jack now turns out to be a great speaker. As we know, the greater difficulty we meet on our way to　64． 　(succeed), the more likely we will be to achieve our　65． 　 (goal).
六、第三节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
（2024高二上·深圳月考）选词填空
A. Entertainment B. More often than not C. Gently D. perseverance E. cheer up F. cracking a smile G. delight H. rejection I. sensitive J. guarantee K. throws light on
In the area of entertainment, there's a gentle power that　66． 　 our deepest emotions, especially for those with　67． 　 souls. Facing　68． 　 can be depressing, but　69． 　 in pursuing what brings delight is key.　70． 　, it's the simple acts—like　71． 　 or trying to cheer up a friend—that　72． 　 a shift in mood.　73． 　 reminding oneself of these joys ensures that even in adversity(逆境), the heart finds　74． 　 and the spirit remains unbroken.　75． 　 thus, becomes not just a amusement but a comfort for the soul.
七、第四部分：语言运用(共一节，满分25分)
76．（2024高二上·深圳月考）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I faced a tight budget when I was nine. On November Ist, I used up most of the money I saved. With a small amount of pocket money left before Christmas I didn't have enough to buy presents for the family.
I was seriously considering going to my dad and asking for an advance on the next year's pocket money, so I could at least buy gifts for my family members. But then, one evening, I was sitting in my room reading advertisements in the back of a magazine. Several greeting-card companies were telling us how people could make money by selling their cards and stationery (文具). Normally, I would have passed right over the ads, but this time my situation was so difficult that I felt I had nothing to lose.
The ad that attracted me most was one by a well-known greeting-card company in my nation, whose products were of high quality. With my parents' help, I contacted the company, although they preferred adults or older kids to advertise their products. After my sincere request, they agreed to give me, a nine-year-old boy, a chance.
My sales materials arrived within the week. I had expected something small and neat, but the package looked like a dinosaur's shoebox it was close to three feet long and nearly a foot wide, full of stuff. There was a thick binder (活页夹) containing a complete selection of the cards and some writing paper, which I would be selling for around $3 per box.
Although my parents supported my try to make money by myself, they had little confidence in my success; after all, instead of an outgoing kid, I was somewhat shy. However, I was determined to have a try to challenge myself.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Wasting no time, I set off and knocked on doors in my neighborhood.
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Eventually, I earned over $20, a large sum of money for a 9-year-old kid in 1954.
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答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】作前置定语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这个小男孩淘气的行为经常使他在父母那里惹上麻烦。A. mischievous调皮的；恶作剧的；B. warm温暖的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. calm镇静的。根据"often got him into trouble with his parents."可知，这个小男孩是很淘气。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。对每个选项中的形容词有一个基本的了解，知道它们的基本含义和常用搭配。注意形容词之间的细微差别，包括词义轻重、侧重点、感彩等。这些差别往往决定了形容词在特定语境中的适用性。
2．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：参加活动的学校保安佩戴了一个特殊的徽章来表明自己的身份。A. cap帽子；B. badge徽章，标识；C. scarf围巾；D. glove手套。根据"to identify himself"可知，此处指佩戴徽章来表明自己的身份，故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误，可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项，可以逐步缩小选择范围，最终找到正确答案。
3．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这位喜剧演员的笑话旨在娱乐观众并振奋他们的精神。A. educate教育；B. entertain娱乐；C. challenge挑战；D. criticize批评。空格处应该是一个与"振奋精神"相呼应的动词，即这些笑话的目的是为了让观众感到愉快或开心，从而振奋他们的精神。故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：结合常识和语感，排除那些逻辑上不成立或不符合英语表达习惯的选项。在完成题目后，回头检查动词辨析题的答案。确保所选动词符合句子的语境和含义，且与主语、宾语等句子成分相匹配。
4．【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：新的路灯照亮了黑暗的道路，使它们在夜间更加安全。A. illuminated照亮；B. darkened使黑暗；C. hidden隐藏（hide的过去分词）；D. blocked阻碍。根据 "making them safer at night."可知，新的路灯照亮了黑暗的道路，使它们在夜间更加安全。故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：在动词词义辨析中，施动者和动作对象的不同往往决定动词的选择。例如，有些动词只能用于人，有些则只能用于物。通过判断施动者和动作对象的类型，可以缩小选择范围。动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词需要宾语，不及物动词则不需要。了解动词的及物性和不及物性，有助于确定动词的正确形式。
5．【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我注意到我的衬衫上有一个需要清洗的小污点。A. pattern 模式，图案；B. stripe 条纹；C. hole 洞；D. spot 污点，斑点。根据句中的"需要清洗"可知，空处指的是物体表面上的一个小而明显的标记或污点。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当他听到好消息时，他忍不住咧嘴笑。A. frowning皱眉；B. sighing叹息；C. grinning咧嘴笑；D. yawning打哈欠。根据句意"听到好消息"可知，空处表示"咧嘴笑"，故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：水和空气对人类来说都是必不可少的。A.optional可选择的；B.essential必不可少的；C.luxurious奢侈的；D.secondary次要的。根据常识可知，水和空气对人的生存是必不可少的。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：在题干中寻找与形容词相关的关键词，如名词、动词、副词等，这些词汇会提供形容词使用的上下文。理解句子的整体含义，确保所选形容词能够准确表达句子的意思。
8．【答案】D
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：讨论的话题很敏感，请仔细记下来。A. ugly丑陋的；B. amusing有趣的；C. interesting有趣的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据语境可知，此处为形容词sensitive"敏感的"作表语，满足句意要求。故选D。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：根据句子的语境和含义，排除那些明显不符合题意的选项。确保所选形容词与句子中的其他成分（如名词、动词）搭配得当。
9．【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：看到她朋友滑稽的舞蹈，她忍不住终于露出了微笑。A. shed流出（眼泪、汗水等）；B. cracked露出（笑容）；C. suppressed抑制，镇压；D. erased擦除，抹去。根据silly dance可知，她忍不住终于露出了微笑，本空用cracked。crack a smile，意思是"露出微笑"或"勉强一笑"。故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：因为担心考试成绩，所以他一整天都愁眉苦脸。A. long face愁眉苦脸；B. bright smile灿烂的笑容；C. cheerful mood愉快的心情；D. glowing complexion容光焕发。根据"because he was worried about his exam results"可知，由于担心考试的结果，所以整天愁眉苦脸。故选A。
【点评】考查名词短语辨析。注意：解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个名词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：振作起来吧，最后一切都会好起来的。A. give in屈服，让步；B. give up放弃；C. cheer up振作起来；D. speed up加速。根据"everything will work out fine in the end"可知，此处为动词短语cheer up"振作起来"，满足句意要求。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词短语的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词短语。仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词短语的选择。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析；动词的固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：新的证据确实揭开了围绕此案的谜团。A. thrown light on使某事显得非常清楚，使人了解某事；B. cast doubt on使人怀疑某事物；C. kept silent about对……只字不提；D. ignored忽视。根据new evidence可知，新证据会让谜团更容易看清。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：结合常识和语感，排除那些逻辑上不成立或不符合英语表达习惯的选项。确保所选动词符合句子的语境和含义，且与主语、宾语等句子成分相匹配。
13．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她兴高采烈地向大学递交了申请，但却收到了一封拒绝信。A. acceptance认可；同意；B. rejection拒绝；C. congratulations祝贺；D. invitation邀请。根据"She submitted her application to the university cheerfully"和转折词"but"可知，她收到大学申请的拒绝信。故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：根据语境和关键词的限制，排除那些明显不符合题意的选项。结合常识和背景知识，排除那些逻辑上不成立或不符合实际情况的选项。
14．【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他在学习上表现出极大的毅力，即使遇到困难也从不放弃。A. perseverance毅力；B. resistance反对；C. stubbornness顽固；D. carelessness粗心。根据后文"never giving up even when things got difficult"可知，表现出了极大的毅力。故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，确保你完全理解了题目的要求以及所提供的语境。语境通常包括题干中的句子、段落或对话。在语境中寻找与名词相关的关键词，这些关键词可能提供了名词使用的上下文或限制条件。
15．【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当她意识到自己忘了为考试学习时，她感到一阵恐惧。A.relief宽慰；B. indifference 冷漠；C. happiness快乐； D. dread害怕，恐惧。由句意以及 she had forgotten to study for the exam可知，这里指她感到一阵"恐惧"。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误，可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项，可以逐步缩小选择范围，最终找到正确答案。
16．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：她居住的城市以美丽的风景而闻名。A.which用于指代物、动物或抽象概念（非人）。在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。B. where用于指代地点。在从句中作地点状语，相当于 "in/at which"。C. when用于指代时间。在从句中作时间状语，相当于 "in/at/during which"。D. whose用于表示所有关系（相当于"的"），指代人或物。在从句中作定语，修饰从句中的另一个名词。 空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The city，先行词为表示物的名词，关系代词指代先行词，且在定语从句中做介词in的宾语，需用which引导定语从句。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意：理解定语从句的构成和用法是解题的基础。定语从句通常由关系词引导，关系词在从句中充当成分，并在一定程度上体现先行词和从句之间的逻辑关系。关系词是定语从句的核心，根据先行词（被修饰的词）的类型和从句的完整性，选择合适的关系词。先行词是定语从句修饰的对象，通常位于从句之前。在解题时，要先找到先行词，再根据其类型和从句的完整性选择合适的关系词。从句的完整性也是选择关系词的重要依据。基于五大基本句型，如果从句缺少必要成分（如主语、谓语等），则为不完整；如果缺少非必要成分（如定语、状语等），则为完整。在解题时，还要结合语境和题目要求进行分析。有时题目会给出一些暗示信息或特定要求，需要根据这些信息或要求进行调整。在考试中，定语从句题目可能会设置一些陷阱和干扰项。例如，可能会使用易混淆的关系词或给出多个选项进行干扰。因此，在解题时要保持清醒的头脑，仔细分析每个选项，避免被陷阱和干扰项所迷惑。
17．【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：帮我提行李的那个人很好。A. who代人作主语；B. whom代人作宾语；C. whose与先行词表示所属关系；D. which代物作主语或宾语。设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the person，为人，用who。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意：在题目中，首先要确定哪个名词或代词被定语从句所修饰。理解关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中起连接作用，同时指代先行词，使从句在语法和意义上与主句相连。熟悉关系词的用法。确定从句中缺少的成分，分析定语从句，确定从句中缺少主语、宾语、定语还是状语。这有助于选择合适的关系词。注意从句的完整性，确保所选关系词能使从句在语法和意义上保持完整。根据定语从句的语法规则，排除那些不符合题意的选项。结合语境进行判断，有时，题目中的语境可以帮助你确定正确的关系词。例如，当先行词指人时，可以优先考虑who或whom；当先行词指物时，可以考虑which或that。确保所选关系词在语法上是正确的，且能使从句与主句在语法和意义上保持一致。再次阅读题目和所选答案，确保定语从句在语法和意义上都是完整的。
18．【答案】C
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这台X 光机坏了，需要修理一下才能继续使用。A. to repair动词不定式； B.repaired过去式或者过去分词；C. repairing现在分词或者动名词；D.repair动词原形。 句中it指代This X-ray machine，和repair之间是被动关系，此处使用need doing sth"需要做某事"主动表达被动，相当于need to be done，故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
19．【答案】D
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：当他讲他上次讲的那个笑话时，这些孩子假装笑了。A. laugh动词原形；B. laughing现在分词或者动名词；C. laughed过去式或者过去分词；D. to laugh动词不定式。 此处为短语pretend to do sth.表示"假装做某事"。故选D。
【分析】考查非谓语动词。注意：熟练识记其后可接动词不定式作宾语的动词。
20．【答案】A
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：外国朋友们期待着参观我们学校。A. showing现在分词或者动名词；B. to show动词不定式；C. showed过去式或者过去分词；D. show动词原形。分析句子可知，这里考查look forward to doing，表"期盼做某事"，为固定搭配，其中动名词作介词to后面宾语。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：区别固定短语中动词不定式符号to与介词to的用法。
【答案】21．C
22．B
23．C
【知识点】细节理解题；日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合孩子参观的博物馆。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
21．细节理解题。根据Children's Museum of Manhattan中"CMOM also hosts classes—like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.(CMOM也主持一些课程，比如给那些对昆虫感兴趣的孩子们讲生物课，这些昆虫的设计都考虑到了最新的儿童发展研究)"可知，Children's Museum of Manhattan会为孩子们提供生物课。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据DiMenna Children's History Museum中"Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors，athletes and political figures!(孩子们被鼓励到处攀爬，与突出了那些长大后成为著名医生，运动员，政治家的孩子们的生活的展品互动)"可知，孩子们在DiMenna Children's History Museum可以了解著名人物的童年生活。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据Staten Island Children's Museum中"Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy，where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.(别忘了去绿色客厅，那里有风能供电，在这里孩子们可以了解减少低碳排放的方法)"可知，孩子们在Green Living Room可以学习保护环境的方法。故选C。
【答案】24．A
25．B
26．A
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从小生活艰苦的哈尔·唐纳森在努力改变现状的时候忽略了周围同样需要帮助的人，而跟特蕾莎修女的一次谈话触动了他，他开始关注那些需要帮助的人。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段"In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.(1990年，哈尔·唐纳森23岁，大学刚毕业，来到印度加尔各答，在那里他被要求采访特蕾莎修女。)"可知，他在印度加尔各答采访了特蕾莎修女。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段"When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends met, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, "I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you're teased at school for that, you just want to escape."(12岁时，他的父母被一名醉酒司机撞倒；他的父亲去世了，母亲受了重伤。为了维持生计，他们靠福利生活。唐纳森说："我的鞋子和衣服上都有洞。当你在学校被嘲笑时，你只想逃跑。")"可知，父亲出车祸去世后，他和母亲依靠福利生活，他的鞋子和衣服上都有洞，在学习被人嘲笑，由此可推测出，他小时候生活艰难。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段"I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, it's easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street; so I didn't have to confront(面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.(我只是想找到一条摆脱卑微的路。然而，一路上很容易忽视别人。我是那种会看到一个无家可归的人就会过街道的人；所以我不必面对他。我关注的是爬到顶端，而不是帮助那些想和我一起爬的人。)"可知，他只想摆脱卑微，努力提高自己，所以会自动忽视其他需要帮助的人，由此可推测出，他是一个以自我为中心的人。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据第六段"Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless.(唐纳森从印度回到家，有了不同的想法。他游历了美国的八个城市，在街头逗留，聆听无家可归者的故事。)"和最后一段"Inspired by Mother Teresa's words and the stories he'd heard across America, Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women's empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.(受到特蕾莎修女的话和他在美国各地听到的故事的启发，唐纳森把价值300美元的食品杂货装上一辆皮卡车，分发给任何需要帮助的人。1994年，唐纳森创建了非营利组织"希望车队"，与美国和世界各地的社区合作。他们的工作重点是给儿童提供食物、增强妇女权能、帮助农民和灾害服务。)"可推知，他从印度回来后，开始逐渐投入到帮助他人的事业中。故选D。
【答案】28．A
29．D
30．C
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；观点态度题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们敦促暂时停止深海金属开采。他们在一份报告中警告说，它会导致严重的后果。对太平洋地区造成破坏性影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和观点态度题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做观点态度题时，掌握态度词汇，态度词汇是表达作者情感倾向和观点的重要工具。考生应掌握一些常见的态度词汇，如表示赞同的"approve"、"support"，表示反对的"oppose"、"criticize"，表示中立的"neutral"、"objective"等。在阅读文章时，注意这些词汇的出现，有助于快速判断作者的观点态度。寻找关键词和修饰语，关键词和修饰语是文章中表达作者观点和态度的重要线索。考生应重点关注那些与主题相关的动词、形容词和副词，以及它们所修饰的名词或句子。这些关键词和修饰语往往能够揭示作者的情感倾向和立场。推理作者意图，在阅读过程中，考生应善于从字里行间捕捉作者的意图。通过分析文章的叙述方式、论据的组织和论证的方法等，可以推断出作者的观点和态度。同时，要注意作者使用的修辞手法和语气，这些也是判断作者意图的重要依据。注意上下文逻辑关系。上下文逻辑关系是理解作者观点和态度的重要依据。考生应关注文章中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系，如因果、条件、对比等。通过分析这些逻辑关系，可以更好地理解作者的意图和观点。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段"Increasing demand for these metals has led to a rise in deep-sea mining operations."（对这些金属需求的增加导致了深海采矿作业的增加。）可知，深海采矿活动在增加是因为需要更多的金属。故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据第四段"Scientists are urging that deep sea metal mining should be stopped temporarily."（科学家们敦促暂时停止深海金属开采。）和划线词后面的"the only responsible way to move forward until certain conditions surrounding deep-sea mining can be met"（在深海采矿的某些条件得到满足之前，这是唯一负责任的前进方式）可推知，"moratorium"意为"暂停"。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段"He says in a statement that nodule mining will likely result in the loss of sea life and cause damage to deep seabeds for thousands of years. He adds that the operations can put people at risk who depend on the ocean and its continued health."（他在一份声明中说，结核开采很可能导致海洋生物的消失，并对海底造成数千年的破坏。他还说，开采结核会使依赖海洋及其持续健康的人们处于危险之中。）可推知，结核开采会造成多方面的危害。故选C。
31．观点态度题。根据最后一段"DeepGreen Chief Executive Officer Gerard Barron defended the company's plans in reaction to the report. He said deep-sea mining offered the best alternative to surface mining. which has & long history of pollution and destroying forests and wildlife."（DeepGreen首席执行官杰拉德·巴伦(Gerard Barron)在回应该报告时为公司的计划进行了辩护。他说，深海采矿是地表采矿的最佳选择，它有污染和破坏森林和野生动物的悠久历史。）可推知，Gerard Barron对深海开矿指"支持的"态度。故选B。
【答案】32．B
33．C
34．C
35．B
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。 作者回忆小学患癌同学Lisa的善良，虽遭嘲笑仍坚持陪伴，其离世后多年难忘，现希望找到Lisa父母告知女儿对自己的深远影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段"I received much ridicule (嘲笑)from my friends for this because they thought I was ignoring them for Lisa.（我受到很多嘲笑因为我的朋友认为我因为Lisa而忽略了他们）"可知，同学们嘲笑我是因为我经常陪伴Lisa而忽视了他们，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段"My family education taught me to be nice, and I felt Lisa's needs were much more important than others I knew.（我的家庭教育教会我要和蔼可亲，我觉得丽莎的需要比我认识的其他人更重要）"可知，作者家教很好，要对人友善，作者认为Lisa更需要陪伴，她的需要更重要。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段"She told us Lisa had fought a battle (斗争) with cancer for years. (她告诉我们，丽莎与癌症作了多年的斗争。)"和第四段"all these years I have kept Lisa in my mind and heart. When I go through the important events in my life, I think of Lisa.（这些年来，我一直把丽莎铭记在心。当我经历人生中的重大事件时，我想到了丽莎） "可知，作者从Lisa身上学到了生活中要勇敢面对挑战，故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段"I have no idea what her parents' first names are. I write to your column (专栏) and hope you can point me in the right direction.（我不知道她父母的名字是什么。我写信给你的专栏，希望你能给我指出正确的方向）"可知作者想见Lisa的父母，但又联系不上。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是请求专栏帮助寻找Lisa的父母，故选B。
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．G；39．A；40．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过给出五个建议，描述如何拥有健康的视力。
备选项的中文意思：
A. 多吃蔬菜。
B. 护眼应从小开始。
C. 它们能有效保护你的眼睛。
D. 通过补充维生素保持健康。
E. 父母通常不关心自己的视力。
F. 务必遵循医生建议正确佩戴。
G. 这种频繁用眼行为会增加视疲劳风险。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
36．根据后文"Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.(专家建议父母带6 ~ 12个月大的宝宝去医生那里仔细检查。好消息是，现在数百万儿童每年都可以进行眼科检查和后续治疗，包括配戴眼镜)"可知，后文提到了婴儿和儿童进行眼科检查，说明要从小开始保养眼睛。故B选项"护眼应从小开始。"符合语境，故选B。
37．根据上文"Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.(长期待在阳光下会对眼睛造成伤害。无论什么季节，戴太阳镜都是非常重要的)"可知，长期待在阳光下会对眼睛造成伤害，戴太阳镜很重要，空处应该承接上文，说明带太阳镜的原因：保护眼睛。故C选项"它们能有效保护你的眼睛。"符合语境，"They"代指上文提到的"sunglasses"，故选C。
38．根据上文"Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.(三分之二的美国人每天花7个小时在电脑或其他数码产品上)"以及后文"Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.(专家建议人们练习20/20/20规则：每隔20分钟，休息20秒，看看20英尺外的东西)"可知，本句旨在说明长时间用眼的不良影响：频繁的眼部活动会增加眼睛疲劳的风险。故G选项"这种频繁用眼行为会增加视疲劳风险。"符合语境，故选G。
39．根据下文"As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.（ 作为健康饮食的一部分，每日应多食用水果和蔬菜。维生素C和E有助于保护视力并促进眼部健康。 ）"可知，保护视力要多吃蔬菜和水果，里面的维生素对眼睛有好处。与选项A"多吃蔬菜"，前后内容呼应。故选A。
40．根据上文"Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.(许多美国人使用隐形眼镜来改善视力。虽然有些人遵循医疗指导佩戴隐形眼镜，但许多人违反了规定，使他们的视力处于危险之中)"可知，上文提到"有些人遵循医疗指导佩戴隐形眼镜，但许多人违反了规定，使他们的视力处于危险之中"，说明要遵循医生的建议，才能保护眼睛。故F选项"务必遵循医生建议正确佩戴。"符合语境，故选F。
【答案】41．B；42．A；43．B；44．D；45．C；46．D；47．A；48．D；49．C；50．A；51．B；52．B；53．C；54．A；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Misty Copeland的个人经历和成长故事，包括她如何开始接触芭蕾舞、如何克服害羞和不安、如何通过努力和天赋在芭蕾舞领域取得成就，以及她对舞蹈和身体的热爱和尊重。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
41．句意：Misty Copeland大部分时间都在扭动、旋转和跳跃。A. wandering漫步、徘徊；B. leaping跳跃；C. exercising练习；D. dancing跳舞。根据上文"Misty Copeland spends most days twisting(扭动), spinning (旋转)"可知，空处和上文提到的"twisting(扭动), spinning (旋转)"都是舞蹈动作。故选B。
42．句意：她练习并完善着她艺术中的优雅动作。A. perfects使完美；B. conquers征服；C. examines检查；D. describes描述。根据上文的"practice"以及常理可知，她在不断练习是为了完善自己的舞蹈动作，使动作更优雅。故选A。
43．句意：她照顾好自己的身体，以免在芭蕾舞剧院工作时受伤。A. hurt使疼痛；B. injure伤害、损害；C. spoil溺爱；D. abuse滥用。根据上文的"She takes care of her body"以及下文""I love my body, "she adds."可推测，她将自己的身体照顾得很好是为了避免损害身体。故选B。
44．句意："我像音乐家对待他们的乐器一样尊重我的身体，" Misty说。A. appearance出现、外表；B. voice嗓音；C. techniques技术；D. instruments仪器、乐器。根据上文的"I treat my body with the respect"可知，作者很尊重自己的身体；再根据空前的"musician"可知，作者对待自己的身体就像音乐节对待自己的乐器一样，照顾得很好。故选D。
45．句意：她天生就自信吗？A. found发现；B. made制作；C. born出生；D. trained培训。根据下文"Actually, she was a ___6___ girl and avoided the spotlight."可知，下文解释她从小很害羞，由此可推测，空处问的是她是否天生如此自信。故选C。
46．句意：实际上，她是个害羞的女孩，总是避开聚光灯。A. humble谦逊的；B. quiet安静的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. shy害羞的。根据下文"avoided the spotlight."可推测，她是个害羞的女孩。故选D。
47．句意：十三岁时，Misty的老师建议她参加男孩女孩俱乐部的一个免费芭蕾舞课程。A. attend参加；B. register注册、登记；C. learn学习；D. watch观看。根据下文"For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class, afraid to ___8___"可推测，老师建议她参加一个芭蕾舞可成。故选A。
48．句意：在两个星期里，Misty坐在健身房的长凳上看着学生上课，不敢加入。A. stand up站立；B. catch up赶上；C. cut in插嘴、超车；D. join in加入。根据上文"For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class,"以及上文提到的她很害羞可推测，她并不敢加入跳芭蕾舞的同学中。故选D。
49．句意：最后，她决定试一试。A. rest休息；B. chance机会；C. try尝试；D. thought想法。根据上文可知，起初她并不敢参与课程；而根据下文"Over time, ___12___ she began to enjoy the lessons."可推测，她最终决定试一下。故选C。
50．句意：起初，她在课堂上感到格格不入。A. out of place不合适的、格格不入的；B. out of order混乱的；C. out of mind忘切、不想；D. out of control失控。根据下文"She didn't know anything about ballet"以及她害羞的个性可推测，起初她感到格格不入。故选A。
51．句意：她对芭蕾舞一无所知，而且她比大多数学生都要大。A. younger更年轻；B. older更老的；C. taller更高的；D. shorter更矮的、更短的。根据上文可知，她参加芭蕾舞课程的时候是13岁；而根据下文"Most ballerinas(女舞者)start their training much younger than thirteen."可推测，她比大多数学生年龄都大。故选B。
52．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，她开始享受这些课程。A. meanwhile与此同时；B. however然而；C. moreover此外；D. thus因此。根据上文内容可知，她起初觉得格格不入；而根据下文"she began to enjoy the lessons"可知，她开始享受芭蕾舞课程。上下文之间存在转折关系。故选B。
53．句意：她发现自己的身体——尤其是她那双长腿和灵活的肌肉——非常适合芭蕾舞。A. ready准备好的、乐意的；B. good好的；C. right正确的、适合的；D. qualified有资格的。根据空前内容"especially her long legs and flexible muscles"以及常理可知，她的身体非常适合跳芭蕾。故选C。
54．句意：在接下来的五年里，芭蕾舞就是Misty的生活。A. life生活；B. major主修科目；C. prospect希望、前景；D. stage舞台。根据下文"She practiced, performed, competed and attended ballet programs."可知，接下来的五年里，她一直都在跳舞、表演，由此可知，这五年来，芭蕾舞是她生活的全部。故选A。
55．句意："表演是我最喜欢的部分，因为我在舞台上感到自由和开放。"她说。A. improved得到提升的；B. calm镇静的；C. free自由的；D. secure安全的、稳妥的。根据上文"Performing was my favourite part"可知，她很喜欢表演芭蕾；再根据空后的形容词"open"可推测，空处单词和"open"意思相似。故选C。
【答案】56．terribly；57．choice；58．which；59．had；60．from；61．giving；62．it；63．built；64．success；65．goals
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句；副词的用法；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jack小时候的一次经历，他需要在班里做一次演讲。起初Jack感到很紧张，但又没别的选择，所以他就起草了演讲稿，当站在台上是，他非常紧张，但是最终成功地完成演讲。从此以后，他就不再害怕在观众面前演讲了，现在他已经成为一名优秀的演说家。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及副词，名词，定语从句，时态，介词，非谓语动词以及代词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
56．句意：在全班面前讲话，他非常害羞。 terrible，可怕的/糟糕的/严重的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰形容词shy，应用其副词形式。故填terribly。
57．句意：然而，他没有其他选择。choose，选择，动词。空处在句中做宾语，应用其名词形式，此处表示"别无选择"，have no other choice，固定短语，符合语境。故填choice。
58．句意：首先杰克要起草演讲稿，这对他来说是小菜一碟，因为他是一个好的作家。空处引导非限制定语从句的关系词，指代前文的内容，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which来引导。故填which。
59．句意：因为不允许读稿子，他不得不在这么多听众面前凭记忆演讲!have，有/吃/使，动词。空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及was not allowed可知，空处谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填had。
60．句意：因为不允许读稿子，他不得不在这么多听众面前凭记忆演讲!。此处表示"凭借记忆"，from one's memory，固定短语，符合语境。故填from。
61．句意：他渐渐地回过神来，毫不费力地发表了演讲。give，给，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中作状语，动词give与其逻辑主语he构成逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填giving。
62．句意：他成功了。此处表示"获得成功"，make it，固定短语，符合语境。故填it。
63．句意：事实上，随着自信心的增强，杰克现在成了一个伟大的演说家。build，建立，动词。此处为"with+宾语+宾语补足语"的复合结构，空处在此结构中做宾语补足语，动词build与其逻辑主语confidence构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填built。
64．句意：众所周知，我们在成功的道路上遇到的困难越大，我们就越有可能实现我们的目标。succeed，成功/继承，动词。空处在句中作介词to的宾语，应用其名词形式。故填success。
65．句意：众所周知，我们在成功的道路上遇到的困难越大，我们就越有可能实现我们的目标。goal，目标，可数名词。空处在句中做动词不定式to achieve的宾语，且被our修饰，应用其复数形式。故填goals。
【答案】66．K；67．I；68．H；69．D；70．B；71．F；72．J；73．C；74．G；75．A
【知识点】固定短语；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了娱乐对人们情绪的影响及其在逆境中的安慰作用。
备选词的中文意思： Entertainment 娱乐；More often than not往往/多半；Gently温柔地/轻轻地；Perseverance 毅力；Cheer up振作起来；Cracking a smile露出微笑；Delight喜悦；Rejection 拒绝；Sensitive敏感的；Guarantee保证；Throws light on阐明。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，注意答题时要首先跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。选词填空题解题技巧如下：整体阅读，把握文章大意。快速浏览全文，在开始填空之前，先用较快的速度浏览全文，特别注意段首和段尾句。词性分类，缩小选择范围，整理选项，将给出的选项按词性进行分类，因为空格处可能需要不同形式的动词。明确考点，选词填空主要考察名词、动词、形容词和副词四种词性的单词。仔细分析，选择最佳答案根据语法关系判断，结合句子的语法结构和上下文，判断所需词的词性，并选择正确的形式。注意固定搭配，选项中可能会出现一些常见的固定搭配或常用短语，选择这些表达以保持句子的自然流畅。
66．句意：在娱乐领域，有一种温柔的力量能够照亮我们最深的情感，尤其是对于那些有着敏感心灵的人来说。空处为that引导的定语从句中的谓语，所以用动词短语。throw light on"照亮，阐述，说明"符合语境。that指代a gentle power在句中作主语，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填K。
67．句意：在娱乐领域，有一种温柔的力量能够照亮我们最深的情感，尤其是对于那些有着敏感心灵的人来说。空处需要形容词作定语。根据下文中的"the spirit remains unbroken"可知，此处指敏感的人。sensitive为形容词"敏感的"，符合语境。故选I。
68．句意：面对拒绝可能会令人沮丧，但坚持不懈地追求令自己高兴的事物是关键。空处需要名词作宾语。根据be depressing可知，面对拒绝是令人沮丧的。rejection"拒绝"符合语境。故选H。
69．句意：面对拒绝可能会令人沮丧，但坚持不懈地追求令自己高兴的事物是关键。空处需要名词作主语。根据下文"trying to cheer up a friend"以及"reminding oneself of these joys ensures that even in adversity(逆境)"可知，我们应该坚持不懈的追求令自己高兴的事情。perseverance"坚持不懈"，符合语境。故选D。
70．句意：通常情况下，正是那些简单的举动——比如露出一个笑容或试图让朋友高兴起来——能够保证心情的转变。根据下文列举的例子"like 　　6 or trying to cheer up a friend"可知，这些都是通常情况下让人快乐的方式。more often than not"通常情况下"，符合语境。故选B。
71．句意：通常情况下，正是那些简单的举动——比如露出一个笑容或试图让朋友高兴起来——能够保证心情的转变。like为介词"像"，根据or后面的"trying to cheer up a friend"可知，空处需要一个动名词短语作宾语。cracking a smile意为"咧嘴一笑"，符合语境。故选F。
72．句意：通常情况下，正是那些简单的举动——比如露出一个笑容或试图让朋友高兴起来——能够保证心情的转变。空处为that引导的定语从句中的谓语，所以需要动词。guarantee为动词"保证"，符合语境。that指代先行词acts在从句中作主语，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。故选J。
73．句意：温柔地提醒自己这些快乐的事情，可以确保即使在逆境中，心灵也能找到喜悦，精神保持不屈。空处需要副词修饰动词reminding。gently为副词"温柔地"，符合语境。故选C。
74．句意：温柔地提醒自己这些快乐的事情，可以确保即使在逆境中，心灵也能找到喜悦，精神保持不屈。空处需要名词作finds的宾语。根据these joys可知，心灵能够找到喜悦。delight为名词"喜悦"，符合语境。故选G。
75．句意：于是，娱乐不仅成为一种消遣，更是对灵魂的一种慰藉。空处需要名词作主语。根据上文中的entertainment可知，此处需要名词entertainment"娱乐"，符合语境。故选A。
76．【答案】 Wasting no time, I set off and knocked on doors in my neighborhood. Gathering my courage, I introduced myself as the young representative of the well-known greeting-card company. The initial responses were mixed — some were hesitant, while others were fascinated by the idea of a child engaged in such a venture. As I showcased the high-quality cards and shared the story behind each design, the doubt began to fade away, replaced by genuine interest. Surprisingly, my shy character transformed into enthusiasm, and I found myself engaging in conversations that extended beyond the purpose of sales.
Eventually, I earned over $20, a large sum of money for a 9-year-old kid in 1954. The community's response exceeded my expectations, and the support I received went beyond mere financial transactions. Neighbors were not just buying cards; they were encouraging a young entrepreneur. This unexpected journey into sales not only alleviated my financial concerns for Christmas but also instilled a sense of accomplishment and self-confidence. It broadened my horizons and laid the foundation for a newfound belief in the possibilities that determination and courage could unfold, regardless of age.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，该篇记叙文以人物为线索展开，作者九岁的时候预算紧张，没有足够的钱给家人买圣诞礼物。一天他在看杂志的时候发现了一则关于如何卖贺卡和文具赚钱的广告，于是作者在父母的帮助下联系了国内最知名的一家贺卡公司，请求给自己一个机会。作者收到贺卡公司寄来的销售材料后就开始了行动，他挨家挨户地推销产品，获得了不错的反馈。这个经历不仅缓解了作者的财务状况，也让作者产生了成就感和自信心。段落续写：由续写第一段首句"我当即出发，敲开了附近的门。"可知，第一段可以描写作者挨家挨户推销贺卡的经历。由续写第二段首句"最终，我赚了20多美元，这对1954年一个9岁的孩子来说是一大笔钱。"可知，第二段可以描写这次经历不仅给作者带来了经济收益，还让作者有了成就感和自信心。续写线索：作者挨家挨户敲门推销贺卡——最初收到的反应有好有坏——作者后来用认真和敬业的推销态度提高了成功率——作者赚到一笔巨款——这次销售经历给作者不仅带来了经济收益，还有成就感和自信心。写作时要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合句际间和段际间的逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇及句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型来提升文章的档次。【点评】1. 本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。 例如：Gathering my courage, I introduced myself as the young representative of the well-known greeting-card company. （运用了现在分词短语作状语）；As I showcased the high-quality cards and shared the story behind each design, the doubt began to fade away,
replaced by genuine interest. （运用了as引导的时间状语从句）； Surprisingly, my shy character transformed into enthusiasm, and I found myself engaging in conversations that extended beyond the purpose of sales.（运用了and连接的并列句以及that引导的定语从句）；The community's response exceeded my expectations, and the support I received went beyond mere financial transactions.（运用了省略了that或者which引导的定语从句）； This unexpected journey into sales not only alleviated my financial concerns for Christmas but also instilled a sense of accomplishment and self-confidence. （运用了not only...but also连接的并列结构）；It broadened my horizons and laid the foundation for a newfound belief in the possibilities that determination and courage could unfold, regardless of age.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）。
2. 读后续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到字迹工整与清晰。
3. 在做此类试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停顿，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾；经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，推断该段可能要讲述的内容。
1 / 1广东省深圳市建文外国语学校2024-2025学年高二上学期9月月考英语试题
一、第一部分 单项选择(共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分)
1．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The little boy's ________ behavior often got him into trouble with his parents.
A．mischievous B．warm C．polite D．calm
【答案】A
【知识点】作前置定语；形容词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这个小男孩淘气的行为经常使他在父母那里惹上麻烦。A. mischievous调皮的；恶作剧的；B. warm温暖的；C. polite有礼貌的；D. calm镇静的。根据"often got him into trouble with his parents."可知，这个小男孩是很淘气。故选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。对每个选项中的形容词有一个基本的了解，知道它们的基本含义和常用搭配。注意形容词之间的细微差别，包括词义轻重、侧重点、感彩等。这些差别往往决定了形容词在特定语境中的适用性。
2．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The school guard at the event was wearing a special ________ to identify himself.
A．cap B．badge C．scarf D．glove
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：参加活动的学校保安佩戴了一个特殊的徽章来表明自己的身份。A. cap帽子；B. badge徽章，标识；C. scarf围巾；D. glove手套。根据"to identify himself"可知，此处指佩戴徽章来表明自己的身份，故选B。【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：要仔细阅读题目，理解题干的意思。确定题目是在询问某个特定场景或语境下应该使用哪个名词。仔细分析每个选项的词义，确保对每个名词的含义有准确的理解。注意区分近义词之间的细微差别。确保所选名词与题目要求的词性相符。有时题目可能要求选择名词的复数形式或所有格形式，因此要注意名词的形态变化。分析名词与题干中其他词语的搭配关系，确保所选名词与题干中的动词、形容词或介词等词语能够合理搭配。将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误，可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项，可以逐步缩小选择范围，最终找到正确答案。
3．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The comedian's jokes were intended to ________ the audience and lift their spirits.
A．educate B．entertain C．challenge D．criticize
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这位喜剧演员的笑话旨在娱乐观众并振奋他们的精神。A. educate教育；B. entertain娱乐；C. challenge挑战；D. criticize批评。空格处应该是一个与"振奋精神"相呼应的动词，即这些笑话的目的是为了让观众感到愉快或开心，从而振奋他们的精神。故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：结合常识和语感，排除那些逻辑上不成立或不符合英语表达习惯的选项。在完成题目后，回头检查动词辨析题的答案。确保所选动词符合句子的语境和含义，且与主语、宾语等句子成分相匹配。
4．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The new street lights ________ the dark roads, making them safer at night.
A．illuminated B．darkened C．hidden D．blocked
【答案】A
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：新的路灯照亮了黑暗的道路，使它们在夜间更加安全。A. illuminated照亮；B. darkened使黑暗；C. hidden隐藏（hide的过去分词）；D. blocked阻碍。根据 "making them safer at night."可知，新的路灯照亮了黑暗的道路，使它们在夜间更加安全。故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：在动词词义辨析中，施动者和动作对象的不同往往决定动词的选择。例如，有些动词只能用于人，有些则只能用于物。通过判断施动者和动作对象的类型，可以缩小选择范围。动词分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词需要宾语，不及物动词则不需要。了解动词的及物性和不及物性，有助于确定动词的正确形式。
5．（2024高二上·深圳月考）I noticed a tiny ________ on my shirt that needed to be cleaned.
A．pattern B．stripe C．hole D．spot
【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我注意到我的衬衫上有一个需要清洗的小污点。A. pattern 模式，图案；B. stripe 条纹；C. hole 洞；D. spot 污点，斑点。根据句中的"需要清洗"可知，空处指的是物体表面上的一个小而明显的标记或污点。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：分析句子结构，理解句子的整体结构，明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干，捕捉关键词汇和短语，理解句子的语境和含义。有时，上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
6．（2024高二上·深圳月考）When he heard the good news, he couldn't help ________ widely.
A．frowning B．sighing C．grinning D．yawning
【答案】C
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当他听到好消息时，他忍不住咧嘴笑。A. frowning皱眉；B. sighing叹息；C. grinning咧嘴笑；D. yawning打哈欠。根据句意"听到好消息"可知，空处表示"咧嘴笑"，故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：在解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个动词更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
7．（2024高二上·深圳月考）Water and air are ________ for human survival.
A．optional B．essential C．luxurious D．secondary
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：水和空气对人类来说都是必不可少的。A.optional可选择的；B.essential必不可少的；C.luxurious奢侈的；D.secondary次要的。根据常识可知，水和空气对人的生存是必不可少的。故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：在题干中寻找与形容词相关的关键词，如名词、动词、副词等，这些词汇会提供形容词使用的上下文。理解句子的整体含义，确保所选形容词能够准确表达句子的意思。
8．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The topic of discussion was quite ________, so please write down it with care.
A．ugly B．amusing C．interesting D．sensitive
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：讨论的话题很敏感，请仔细记下来。A. ugly丑陋的；B. amusing有趣的；C. interesting有趣的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据语境可知，此处为形容词sensitive"敏感的"作表语，满足句意要求。故选D。【点评】考查形容词辨析。注意：根据句子的语境和含义，排除那些明显不符合题意的选项。确保所选形容词与句子中的其他成分（如名词、动词）搭配得当。
9．（2024高二上·深圳月考）Seeing her friend's silly dance, she couldn't resist and finally ________ a smile.
A．shed B．cracked C．suppressed D．erased
【答案】B
【知识点】动词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：看到她朋友滑稽的舞蹈，她忍不住终于露出了微笑。A. shed流出（眼泪、汗水等）；B. cracked露出（笑容）；C. suppressed抑制，镇压；D. erased擦除，抹去。根据silly dance可知，她忍不住终于露出了微笑，本空用cracked。crack a smile，意思是"露出微笑"或"勉强一笑"。故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意：要识别出题目是在考察形容词辨析，明确解题方向。仔细阅读题干，确保理解句子的整体意思和形容词在句子中的作用。
10．（2024高二上·深圳月考）He had a ________ all day because he was worried about his exam results.
A．long face B．bright smile
C．cheerful mood D．glowing complexion
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：因为担心考试成绩，所以他一整天都愁眉苦脸。A. long face愁眉苦脸；B. bright smile灿烂的笑容；C. cheerful mood愉快的心情；D. glowing complexion容光焕发。根据"because he was worried about his exam results"可知，由于担心考试的结果，所以整天愁眉苦脸。故选A。
【点评】考查名词短语辨析。注意：解题时，要仔细阅读题目和选项，理解句子的语境和含义，根据句子的逻辑关系和语境，判断哪个名词短语更符合句子的意思。对于不确定的选项，可以先尝试排除那些明显不符合句意或语法的选项，缩小选择范围，将各个选项进行对比分析，找出它们之间的异同点，从而确定正确答案。
11．（2024高二上·深圳月考）Try to ________; everything will work out fine in the end.
A．give in B．give up C．cheer up D．speed up
【答案】C
【知识点】动词短语的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：振作起来吧，最后一切都会好起来的。A. give in屈服，让步；B. give up放弃；C. cheer up振作起来；D. speed up加速。根据"everything will work out fine in the end"可知，此处为动词短语cheer up"振作起来"，满足句意要求。故选C。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：首先要仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和语境。然后，逐一分析选项，注意动词短语的时态、语态、语气以及搭配等。最后，选出最符合语境和语法的动词短语。仔细阅读题干，理解句子的整体意思和所处的语境。注意句子中的连词、副词等词语，它们往往能揭示动词之间的逻辑关系，如并列、转折、因果等。题干中可能包含一些关键词或提示，这些关键词或提示往往能暗示动词短语的选择。
12．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The new evidence has really ________ the mystery surrounding the case.
A．thrown light on B．cast doubt on
C．kept silent about D．ignored
【答案】A
【知识点】动词短语的辨析；动词的固定搭配
【解析】【分析】句意：新的证据确实揭开了围绕此案的谜团。A. thrown light on使某事显得非常清楚，使人了解某事；B. cast doubt on使人怀疑某事物；C. kept silent about对……只字不提；D. ignored忽视。根据new evidence可知，新证据会让谜团更容易看清。故选A。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意：结合常识和语感，排除那些逻辑上不成立或不符合英语表达习惯的选项。确保所选动词符合句子的语境和含义，且与主语、宾语等句子成分相匹配。
13．（2024高二上·深圳月考）She submitted her application to the university cheerfully, but she received a letter of ________.
A．acceptance B．rejection
C．congratulations D．invitation
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她兴高采烈地向大学递交了申请，但却收到了一封拒绝信。A. acceptance认可；同意；B. rejection拒绝；C. congratulations祝贺；D. invitation邀请。根据"She submitted her application to the university cheerfully"和转折词"but"可知，她收到大学申请的拒绝信。故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：根据语境和关键词的限制，排除那些明显不符合题意的选项。结合常识和背景知识，排除那些逻辑上不成立或不符合实际情况的选项。
14．（2024高二上·深圳月考）He showed great ________ in his studies, never giving up even when things got difficult.
A．perseverance B．resistance C．stubbornness D．carelessness
【答案】A
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：他在学习上表现出极大的毅力，即使遇到困难也从不放弃。A. perseverance毅力；B. resistance反对；C. stubbornness顽固；D. carelessness粗心。根据后文"never giving up even when things got difficult"可知，表现出了极大的毅力。故选A。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：仔细阅读题干，确保你完全理解了题目的要求以及所提供的语境。语境通常包括题干中的句子、段落或对话。在语境中寻找与名词相关的关键词，这些关键词可能提供了名词使用的上下文或限制条件。
15．（2024高二上·深圳月考）She felt a sense of ________ when she realized she had forgotten to study for the exam.
A．relief B．indifference C．happiness D．dread
【答案】D
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当她意识到自己忘了为考试学习时，她感到一阵恐惧。A.relief宽慰；B. indifference 冷漠；C. happiness快乐； D. dread害怕，恐惧。由句意以及 she had forgotten to study for the exam可知，这里指她感到一阵"恐惧"。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意：将每个选项代入题干中，结合语境进行推理判断。考虑语境中的时间、地点、人物关系等因素，选择最符合语境的名词。如果某个选项与题目中的语境明显不符或语法上存在错误，可以优先排除该选项。通过逐一排除不可能的选项，可以逐步缩小选择范围，最终找到正确答案。
16．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The city ________ she lives in is famous for its beautiful scenery.
A．which B．where C．when D．whose
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：她居住的城市以美丽的风景而闻名。A.which用于指代物、动物或抽象概念（非人）。在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。B. where用于指代地点。在从句中作地点状语，相当于 "in/at which"。C. when用于指代时间。在从句中作时间状语，相当于 "in/at/during which"。D. whose用于表示所有关系（相当于"的"），指代人或物。在从句中作定语，修饰从句中的另一个名词。 空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The city，先行词为表示物的名词，关系代词指代先行词，且在定语从句中做介词in的宾语，需用which引导定语从句。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意：理解定语从句的构成和用法是解题的基础。定语从句通常由关系词引导，关系词在从句中充当成分，并在一定程度上体现先行词和从句之间的逻辑关系。关系词是定语从句的核心，根据先行词（被修饰的词）的类型和从句的完整性，选择合适的关系词。先行词是定语从句修饰的对象，通常位于从句之前。在解题时，要先找到先行词，再根据其类型和从句的完整性选择合适的关系词。从句的完整性也是选择关系词的重要依据。基于五大基本句型，如果从句缺少必要成分（如主语、谓语等），则为不完整；如果缺少非必要成分（如定语、状语等），则为完整。在解题时，还要结合语境和题目要求进行分析。有时题目会给出一些暗示信息或特定要求，需要根据这些信息或要求进行调整。在考试中，定语从句题目可能会设置一些陷阱和干扰项。例如，可能会使用易混淆的关系词或给出多个选项进行干扰。因此，在解题时要保持清醒的头脑，仔细分析每个选项，避免被陷阱和干扰项所迷惑。
17．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The person ________ helped me with my luggage was very kind.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
【答案】A
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：帮我提行李的那个人很好。A. who代人作主语；B. whom代人作宾语；C. whose与先行词表示所属关系；D. which代物作主语或宾语。设空处引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词the person，为人，用who。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意：在题目中，首先要确定哪个名词或代词被定语从句所修饰。理解关系词的作用，关系词在定语从句中起连接作用，同时指代先行词，使从句在语法和意义上与主句相连。熟悉关系词的用法。确定从句中缺少的成分，分析定语从句，确定从句中缺少主语、宾语、定语还是状语。这有助于选择合适的关系词。注意从句的完整性，确保所选关系词能使从句在语法和意义上保持完整。根据定语从句的语法规则，排除那些不符合题意的选项。结合语境进行判断，有时，题目中的语境可以帮助你确定正确的关系词。例如，当先行词指人时，可以优先考虑who或whom；当先行词指物时，可以考虑which或that。确保所选关系词在语法上是正确的，且能使从句与主句在语法和意义上保持一致。再次阅读题目和所选答案，确保定语从句在语法和意义上都是完整的。
18．（2024高二上·深圳月考）This X-ray machine doesn't work, so it needs ________ for further use.
A．to repair B．repaired C．repairing D．repair
【答案】C
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：这台X 光机坏了，需要修理一下才能继续使用。A. to repair动词不定式； B.repaired过去式或者过去分词；C. repairing现在分词或者动名词；D.repair动词原形。 句中it指代This X-ray machine，和repair之间是被动关系，此处使用need doing sth"需要做某事"主动表达被动，相当于need to be done，故选C。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：解答非谓语动词相关题目时，首先要读题审题，仔细阅读题目，理解句子的整体意义。分析句子结构，找出谓语动词和非谓语动词。判断非谓语动词的作用，确定非谓语动词在句子中充当的成分及其逻辑主语。分析语态和时态，根据非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系及时间关系，判断应使用的语态和时态。对比选项，将分析结果与选项进行对比，选择最符合题意的答案。
19．（2024高二上·深圳月考）These kids pretended ________ when he was telling them the same joke that he did last time.
A．laugh B．laughing C．laughed D．to laugh
【答案】D
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：当他讲他上次讲的那个笑话时，这些孩子假装笑了。A. laugh动词原形；B. laughing现在分词或者动名词；C. laughed过去式或者过去分词；D. to laugh动词不定式。 此处为短语pretend to do sth.表示"假装做某事"。故选D。
【分析】考查非谓语动词。注意：熟练识记其后可接动词不定式作宾语的动词。
20．（2024高二上·深圳月考）The foreign friends are looking forward to ________ around our school
A．showing B．to show C．showed D．show
【答案】A
【知识点】动名词
【解析】【分析】句意：外国朋友们期待着参观我们学校。A. showing现在分词或者动名词；B. to show动词不定式；C. showed过去式或者过去分词；D. show动词原形。分析句子可知，这里考查look forward to doing，表"期盼做某事"，为固定搭配，其中动名词作介词to后面宾语。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词。注意：区别固定短语中动词不定式符号to与介词to的用法。
二、阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）Brooklyn Children's MuseumFounded in 1899 as the country's first museum specifically made for children, today BCM is comprehensive, with a permanent collection of 30,000 objects, including musical instruments, masks and dolls. Kids love the interactive World Brooklyn, a small cityscape（城市风光）lined by stores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.
Children's Museum of Manhattan
Looking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds Then head to Inside Art, the current show up at CMOM, which lets your little ones climb in and over and all around the exhibits. It's ideas like this that make the 40,000-square-foot so special. Learning about culture, history and science is a pride for kids aged six and under. CMOM also hosts classes—like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.
DiMenna Children's History Museum
The hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transport children back through 350 years of US history, with a special focus on NYC. Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors, athletes and political figures! Little New Yorkers can get in on sing-alongs and crafts. Other family programs include cookings classes, games and story hours.
Staten Island Children's Museum
Staten Island Children's Museum nurtures（培养）creativity. It offers hands-on experiences like the Block Harbor（plenty of blocks to play with!）, larger-than-life games like Connect Four and Dominoes, and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighter at Ladder 11, so you'll find immersive（沉浸式的）fun around every corner. Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.
21．Which museum provides biology classes for kids
A．Brooklyn Children's Museum.
B．Staten Island Children's Museum.
C．Children's Museum of Manhattan.
D．DiMenna Children's History Museum.
22．What can kids do in DiMenna Children's History Museum
A．Play interesting games with great firefighters.
B．Know about famous people's childhood lives.
C．Run stores like adults in different small streets.
D．Cook delicious local food with foreign athletes.
23．Where can kids learn how to protect the environment
A．At Ladder 11. B．At the Block Harbor.
C．In Green Living Room. D．On a human-sized anthill.
【答案】21．C
22．B
23．C
【知识点】细节理解题；日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合孩子参观的博物馆。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
21．细节理解题。根据Children's Museum of Manhattan中"CMOM also hosts classes—like Gross Biology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development research in mind.(CMOM也主持一些课程，比如给那些对昆虫感兴趣的孩子们讲生物课，这些昆虫的设计都考虑到了最新的儿童发展研究)"可知，Children's Museum of Manhattan会为孩子们提供生物课。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据DiMenna Children's History Museum中"Children are encouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famous doctors，athletes and political figures!(孩子们被鼓励到处攀爬，与突出了那些长大后成为著名医生，运动员，政治家的孩子们的生活的展品互动)"可知，孩子们在DiMenna Children's History Museum可以了解著名人物的童年生活。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据Staten Island Children's Museum中"Don't forget to stop by Green Living Room powered by the wind energy，where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbon footprint.(别忘了去绿色客厅，那里有风能供电，在这里孩子们可以了解减少低碳排放的方法)"可知，孩子们在Green Living Room可以学习保护环境的方法。故选C。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.
Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, "She wasn't wearing shoes and her ankles were swollen (肿的). She sat down with me and was very polite. "After the interview, Mother Teresa asked him, "What are you doing to help the poor " Donaldson admitted that he was young and wasn't focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresa said, "Everyone can do something."
Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.
Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends met, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, "I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you're teased at school for that, you just want to escape."
He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to making money for himself. He says, "I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, it's easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street; so I didn't have to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me."
Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless. "My heart broke," he says. "I knew I could no longer just live for myself."
Inspired by Mother Teresa's words and the stories he'd heard across America, Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women's empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.
24．What did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India
A．He interviewed Mother Teresa.
B．He fed the hungry with Mother Teresa,
C．He attended an interview for a college.
D．He did something to help the poor.
25．What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4
A．He was born with disability. B．He led a hard life as a child.
C．He was well treated at school D．He survived as a parentless boy.
26．How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college
A．Self-centered. B．Sympathetic. C．Popular. D．Casual.
27．How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India
A．He preferred traveling to volunteering.
B．He suddenly fell in love with journalism.
C．He turned his focus to living for himself.
D．He gradually devoted himself to helping others.
【答案】24．A
25．B
26．A
27．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从小生活艰苦的哈尔·唐纳森在努力改变现状的时候忽略了周围同样需要帮助的人，而跟特蕾莎修女的一次谈话触动了他，他开始关注那些需要帮助的人。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段"In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.(1990年，哈尔·唐纳森23岁，大学刚毕业，来到印度加尔各答，在那里他被要求采访特蕾莎修女。)"可知，他在印度加尔各答采访了特蕾莎修女。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据第四段"When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make ends met, they went on welfare. Donaldson says, "I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When you're teased at school for that, you just want to escape."(12岁时，他的父母被一名醉酒司机撞倒；他的父亲去世了，母亲受了重伤。为了维持生计，他们靠福利生活。唐纳森说："我的鞋子和衣服上都有洞。当你在学校被嘲笑时，你只想逃跑。")"可知，父亲出车祸去世后，他和母亲依靠福利生活，他的鞋子和衣服上都有洞，在学习被人嘲笑，由此可推测出，他小时候生活艰难。故选B。
26．推理判断题。根据第五段"I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However, it's easy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and cross the street; so I didn't have to confront(面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead of helping those trying to climb with me.(我只是想找到一条摆脱卑微的路。然而，一路上很容易忽视别人。我是那种会看到一个无家可归的人就会过街道的人；所以我不必面对他。我关注的是爬到顶端，而不是帮助那些想和我一起爬的人。)"可知，他只想摆脱卑微，努力提高自己，所以会自动忽视其他需要帮助的人，由此可推测出，他是一个以自我为中心的人。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据第六段"Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought. He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless.(唐纳森从印度回到家，有了不同的想法。他游历了美国的八个城市，在街头逗留，聆听无家可归者的故事。)"和最后一段"Inspired by Mother Teresa's words and the stories he'd heard across America, Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who needed help. In1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities across America and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children, women's empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.(受到特蕾莎修女的话和他在美国各地听到的故事的启发，唐纳森把价值300美元的食品杂货装上一辆皮卡车，分发给任何需要帮助的人。1994年，唐纳森创建了非营利组织"希望车队"，与美国和世界各地的社区合作。他们的工作重点是给儿童提供食物、增强妇女权能、帮助农民和灾害服务。)"可推知，他从印度回来后，开始逐渐投入到帮助他人的事业中。故选D。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）Scientists are urging that deep sea metal mining should be stopped temporarily. They warn in a report that it can cause severe and damaging effects on Pacific Ocean areas.
The recently-released report examined more than 250 published studies on deep Sea mining. The research was examined by the Deep Sea Mining Campaign- a collection of not-for profit organizations. The report centers on mining activities related to small metallic particles(金属颗粒)，called nodules, found on the seabed. The material can contain different metals. Increasing demand for these metals has led to a rise in deep-sea mining operations. The metals are commonly used in battery manufacturing and other technology products.
However, the scientists warn that mining for these nodules will cause irreversible(不可逆的) damage to an ocean already under pressure. The operations will affect areas across the South Pacific, including the nations of Kiribati, the Cook Islands, Nauru, Tonga and Papua New Guinea.
The report notes that a moratorium is the only responsible way to move forward until certain conditions surrounding deep-sea mining can be met. The scientists are calling for additional study to fully understand the environmental, social and economic risks.
Andrew Chin is the report's lead researcher. He says in a statement that nodule mining will likely result in the loss of sea life and cause damage to deep seabeds for thousands of years. He adds that the operations can put people at risk who depend on the ocean and its continued health.
A company planning to be one of the first to carry out mining operations in the area is Canada's DeepGreen, which aims to begin by 2024. It seeks to mine metallic nodules to be used in power systems for electric vehicles. DeepGreen Chief Executive Officer Gerard Barron defended the company's plans in reaction to the report. He said deep-sea mining offered the best alternative to surface mining, which has & long history of pollution and destroying forests and wildlife.
28．Why are deep-sea mining operations on the rise
A．More metals are needed. B．Surface mining is banned,
C．Battery industry is falling. D．The seabed is easy to find,
29．Which of the following best explains the word "moratorium" underlined in paragraph 4
A．Loose measure. B．Thorough study.
C．Permanent deal. D．Temporary stop.
30．What can we learn from Andrew Chin's words
A．Conditions surrounding deep-sea mining are great.
B．The damage caused by nodule mining is reversible.
C．Nodule mining can cause harm in various aspects.
D．People sure less likely to be affected by nodule mining,
31．What's Gerard Barron's attitude towards deep-sea mining
A．Opposed. B．Supportive. C．Ambiguous. D．Unconcerned.
【答案】28．A
29．D
30．C
31．B
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；观点态度题；说明文；环境保护类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家们敦促暂时停止深海金属开采。他们在一份报告中警告说，它会导致严重的后果。对太平洋地区造成破坏性影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，词义猜测题和观点态度题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做观点态度题时，掌握态度词汇，态度词汇是表达作者情感倾向和观点的重要工具。考生应掌握一些常见的态度词汇，如表示赞同的"approve"、"support"，表示反对的"oppose"、"criticize"，表示中立的"neutral"、"objective"等。在阅读文章时，注意这些词汇的出现，有助于快速判断作者的观点态度。寻找关键词和修饰语，关键词和修饰语是文章中表达作者观点和态度的重要线索。考生应重点关注那些与主题相关的动词、形容词和副词，以及它们所修饰的名词或句子。这些关键词和修饰语往往能够揭示作者的情感倾向和立场。推理作者意图，在阅读过程中，考生应善于从字里行间捕捉作者的意图。通过分析文章的叙述方式、论据的组织和论证的方法等，可以推断出作者的观点和态度。同时，要注意作者使用的修辞手法和语气，这些也是判断作者意图的重要依据。注意上下文逻辑关系。上下文逻辑关系是理解作者观点和态度的重要依据。考生应关注文章中句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系，如因果、条件、对比等。通过分析这些逻辑关系，可以更好地理解作者的意图和观点。
28．细节理解题。根据第二段"Increasing demand for these metals has led to a rise in deep-sea mining operations."（对这些金属需求的增加导致了深海采矿作业的增加。）可知，深海采矿活动在增加是因为需要更多的金属。故选A。
29．词义猜测题。根据第四段"Scientists are urging that deep sea metal mining should be stopped temporarily."（科学家们敦促暂时停止深海金属开采。）和划线词后面的"the only responsible way to move forward until certain conditions surrounding deep-sea mining can be met"（在深海采矿的某些条件得到满足之前，这是唯一负责任的前进方式）可推知，"moratorium"意为"暂停"。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据第五段"He says in a statement that nodule mining will likely result in the loss of sea life and cause damage to deep seabeds for thousands of years. He adds that the operations can put people at risk who depend on the ocean and its continued health."（他在一份声明中说，结核开采很可能导致海洋生物的消失，并对海底造成数千年的破坏。他还说，开采结核会使依赖海洋及其持续健康的人们处于危险之中。）可推知，结核开采会造成多方面的危害。故选C。
31．观点态度题。根据最后一段"DeepGreen Chief Executive Officer Gerard Barron defended the company's plans in reaction to the report. He said deep-sea mining offered the best alternative to surface mining. which has & long history of pollution and destroying forests and wildlife."（DeepGreen首席执行官杰拉德·巴伦(Gerard Barron)在回应该报告时为公司的计划进行了辩护。他说，深海采矿是地表采矿的最佳选择，它有污染和破坏森林和野生动物的悠久历史。）可推知，Gerard Barron对深海开矿指"支持的"态度。故选B。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）When I was in primary school, sometimes I would meet a girl of the same age as me. Lisa was never active, but she was always very sweet and nice. In the 5th grade she came to my class. She was absent a lot, and one day I had the courage to ask why. She told me she was sick, and she explained she wore a wig (假发) because her medicine made her lose her hair. Since then, anytime Lisa came to class, I would hang around with her on the playground.
I received much ridicule (嘲笑) from my friends for this because they thought I was ignoring them for Lisa. My family education taught me to be nice, and I felt Lisa's needs were much more important than others I knew.
It had been months since Lisa was in our class, and one day our teacher was crying. She explained Lisa died the day before and would no longer be our classmate. She told us Lisa had fought a battle (斗争) with cancer for years.
I was shocked. Lisa never spoke of her illness as if it could kill her. Well, all these years I have kept Lisa in my mind and heart. When I go through the important events in my life, I think of Lisa.
I've had a strong wish recently to find her mother and father. I'd like to tell them that though they never met me, their daughter had a sweet effect on my life. I have no idea what her parents' first names are. I write to your column (专栏) and hope you can point me in the right direction.
Lisa was such a lovely girl. Maybe her parents would be comforted by the fact that after all these years they are not the only ones who remember her.
32．Why was the author being laughed at
A．Because she wore a wig to school.
B．Because she always kept Lisa company.
C．Because she cried in the classroom.
D．Because she lost her friends because of Lisa.
33．What can we know about the author from the passage
A．She had known Lisa since they were born.
B．She has been to Lisa's house.
C．She has a good family education.
D．She was the first one to know about Lisa's death.
34．What did the author learn from Lisa
A．To keep your illness a secret.
B．To be nice to everyone everywhere.
C．To face challenges in life bravely.
D．To put others' needs above yours.
35．The author wrote this passage mainly to ________.
A．remember a true friend
B．ask for help to find a friend's parents
C．show her concern for a friend
D．tell her experience of fighting cancer
【答案】32．B
33．C
34．C
35．B
【知识点】细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。 作者回忆小学患癌同学Lisa的善良，虽遭嘲笑仍坚持陪伴，其离世后多年难忘，现希望找到Lisa父母告知女儿对自己的深远影响。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
32．细节理解题。根据第二段"I received much ridicule (嘲笑)from my friends for this because they thought I was ignoring them for Lisa.（我受到很多嘲笑因为我的朋友认为我因为Lisa而忽略了他们）"可知，同学们嘲笑我是因为我经常陪伴Lisa而忽视了他们，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段"My family education taught me to be nice, and I felt Lisa's needs were much more important than others I knew.（我的家庭教育教会我要和蔼可亲，我觉得丽莎的需要比我认识的其他人更重要）"可知，作者家教很好，要对人友善，作者认为Lisa更需要陪伴，她的需要更重要。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段"She told us Lisa had fought a battle (斗争) with cancer for years. (她告诉我们，丽莎与癌症作了多年的斗争。)"和第四段"all these years I have kept Lisa in my mind and heart. When I go through the important events in my life, I think of Lisa.（这些年来，我一直把丽莎铭记在心。当我经历人生中的重大事件时，我想到了丽莎） "可知，作者从Lisa身上学到了生活中要勇敢面对挑战，故选C。
35．主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段"I have no idea what her parents' first names are. I write to your column (专栏) and hope you can point me in the right direction.（我不知道她父母的名字是什么。我写信给你的专栏，希望你能给我指出正确的方向）"可知作者想见Lisa的父母，但又联系不上。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是请求专栏帮助寻找Lisa的父母，故选B。
三、阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life. Every waking moment, the eyes are working to see the world around us. Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight, but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes. Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:
Schedule yearly exams.
　36． 　 Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.
Protect against UV rays .
Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses. 　37． 　 Give your eyes a break.
Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products. 　38． 　 Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.
　39． 　.
As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.
Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses.
Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk. 　40． 　
Otherwise: you may have problems such as red eyes, pain in the eyes, or a more serious condition.
A. Eat your greens.
B. Eye care should begin early in life.
C. They can properly protect your eyes.
D. Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.
E. Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight.
F. Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear.
G. This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.
【答案】36．B；37．C；38．G；39．A；40．F
【知识点】说明文；七选五；医疗保健类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过给出五个建议，描述如何拥有健康的视力。
备选项的中文意思：
A. 多吃蔬菜。
B. 护眼应从小开始。
C. 它们能有效保护你的眼睛。
D. 通过补充维生素保持健康。
E. 父母通常不关心自己的视力。
F. 务必遵循医生建议正确佩戴。
G. 这种频繁用眼行为会增加视疲劳风险。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（七选五）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。七选五空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，though, however 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
36．根据后文"Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check. The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment, including eyeglasses.(专家建议父母带6 ~ 12个月大的宝宝去医生那里仔细检查。好消息是，现在数百万儿童每年都可以进行眼科检查和后续治疗，包括配戴眼镜)"可知，后文提到了婴儿和儿童进行眼科检查，说明要从小开始保养眼睛。故B选项"护眼应从小开始。"符合语境，故选B。
37．根据上文"Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes. No matter what the season is, it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.(长期待在阳光下会对眼睛造成伤害。无论什么季节，戴太阳镜都是非常重要的)"可知，长期待在阳光下会对眼睛造成伤害，戴太阳镜很重要，空处应该承接上文，说明带太阳镜的原因：保护眼睛。故C选项"它们能有效保护你的眼睛。"符合语境，"They"代指上文提到的"sunglasses"，故选C。
38．根据上文"Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.(三分之二的美国人每天花7个小时在电脑或其他数码产品上)"以及后文"Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break and look at something 20 feet away.(专家建议人们练习20/20/20规则：每隔20分钟，休息20秒，看看20英尺外的东西)"可知，本句旨在说明长时间用眼的不良影响：频繁的眼部活动会增加眼睛疲劳的风险。故G选项"这种频繁用眼行为会增加视疲劳风险。"符合语境，故选G。
39．根据下文"As part of a healthy diet, eat more fruits and vegetables each day. Vitamins C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.（ 作为健康饮食的一部分，每日应多食用水果和蔬菜。维生素C和E有助于保护视力并促进眼部健康。 ）"可知，保护视力要多吃蔬菜和水果，里面的维生素对眼睛有好处。与选项A"多吃蔬菜"，前后内容呼应。故选A。
40．根据上文"Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight. While some follow the medical guidance for wearing lenses, many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.(许多美国人使用隐形眼镜来改善视力。虽然有些人遵循医疗指导佩戴隐形眼镜，但许多人违反了规定，使他们的视力处于危险之中)"可知，上文提到"有些人遵循医疗指导佩戴隐形眼镜，但许多人违反了规定，使他们的视力处于危险之中"，说明要遵循医生的建议，才能保护眼睛。故F选项"务必遵循医生建议正确佩戴。"符合语境，故选F。
四、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2024高二上·深圳月考）Misty Copeland spends most days twisting (扭动), spinning (旋转) and 41． . She practices and 42． the graceful movements of her art. When she isn't performing she is practicing. When she isn't practicing, she is stretching. She takes classes almost every day. She takes care of her body so she doesn't 43． it when she goes to work in a ballet theatre (芭蕾舞剧院).
"I treat my body with the respect that any musician would to their 44． ,"says Misty. "I love my body, "she adds.
Was she 45． confident Actually, she was a 46． girl and avoided the spotlight. But Misty loved music and movement. When she was thirteen, Misty's teacher suggested she 47． a free ballet class at the Boys&Girls Club, For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class, afraid to 48． Finally, she gave it a 49． At first, she felt 50． in the class. She didn't know anything about ballet, and she was 51． than most of the students. Over time, 52． she began to enjoy the lessons. She discovered that her body-especially her long legs and flexible muscles -was just 53． for ballet. After the class season ended, Misty received a scholarship to a nearby dance studio. Most ballerinas (女舞者) start their training much younger than thirteen. But Misty's natural abilities and hard work made her improve quickly.
Over the next five years, ballet was Misty's 54． . She practiced, performed, competed and attended ballet programs. "Performing was my favourite part because I felt 55． and open onstage, she says. "For the first time in my life, I felt like I belonged. "
41．A．wandering B．leaping C．exercising D．dancing
42．A．perfects B．conquers C．examines D．describes
43．A．hurt B．injure C．spoil D．abuse
44．A．appearance B．voice C．techniques D．instruments
45．A．found B．made C．born D．trained
46．A．humble B．quiet C．cautious D．shy
47．A．attend B．register C．learn D．watch
48．A．stand up B．catch up C．cut in D．join in
49．A．rest B．chance C．try D．thought
50．A．out of place B．out of order C．out of mind D．out of control
51．A．younger B．older C．taller D．shorter
52．A．meanwhile B．however C．moreover D．thus
53．A．ready B．good C．right D．qualified
54．A．life B．major C．prospect D．stage
55．A．improved B．calm C．free D．secure
【答案】41．B；42．A；43．B；44．D；45．C；46．D；47．A；48．D；49．C；50．A；51．B；52．B；53．C；54．A；55．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Misty Copeland的个人经历和成长故事，包括她如何开始接触芭蕾舞、如何克服害羞和不安、如何通过努力和天赋在芭蕾舞领域取得成就，以及她对舞蹈和身体的热爱和尊重。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
41．句意：Misty Copeland大部分时间都在扭动、旋转和跳跃。A. wandering漫步、徘徊；B. leaping跳跃；C. exercising练习；D. dancing跳舞。根据上文"Misty Copeland spends most days twisting(扭动), spinning (旋转)"可知，空处和上文提到的"twisting(扭动), spinning (旋转)"都是舞蹈动作。故选B。
42．句意：她练习并完善着她艺术中的优雅动作。A. perfects使完美；B. conquers征服；C. examines检查；D. describes描述。根据上文的"practice"以及常理可知，她在不断练习是为了完善自己的舞蹈动作，使动作更优雅。故选A。
43．句意：她照顾好自己的身体，以免在芭蕾舞剧院工作时受伤。A. hurt使疼痛；B. injure伤害、损害；C. spoil溺爱；D. abuse滥用。根据上文的"She takes care of her body"以及下文""I love my body, "she adds."可推测，她将自己的身体照顾得很好是为了避免损害身体。故选B。
44．句意："我像音乐家对待他们的乐器一样尊重我的身体，" Misty说。A. appearance出现、外表；B. voice嗓音；C. techniques技术；D. instruments仪器、乐器。根据上文的"I treat my body with the respect"可知，作者很尊重自己的身体；再根据空前的"musician"可知，作者对待自己的身体就像音乐节对待自己的乐器一样，照顾得很好。故选D。
45．句意：她天生就自信吗？A. found发现；B. made制作；C. born出生；D. trained培训。根据下文"Actually, she was a ___6___ girl and avoided the spotlight."可知，下文解释她从小很害羞，由此可推测，空处问的是她是否天生如此自信。故选C。
46．句意：实际上，她是个害羞的女孩，总是避开聚光灯。A. humble谦逊的；B. quiet安静的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. shy害羞的。根据下文"avoided the spotlight."可推测，她是个害羞的女孩。故选D。
47．句意：十三岁时，Misty的老师建议她参加男孩女孩俱乐部的一个免费芭蕾舞课程。A. attend参加；B. register注册、登记；C. learn学习；D. watch观看。根据下文"For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class, afraid to ___8___"可推测，老师建议她参加一个芭蕾舞可成。故选A。
48．句意：在两个星期里，Misty坐在健身房的长凳上看着学生上课，不敢加入。A. stand up站立；B. catch up赶上；C. cut in插嘴、超车；D. join in加入。根据上文"For two weeks, Misty sat on the gym bench watching the class,"以及上文提到的她很害羞可推测，她并不敢加入跳芭蕾舞的同学中。故选D。
49．句意：最后，她决定试一试。A. rest休息；B. chance机会；C. try尝试；D. thought想法。根据上文可知，起初她并不敢参与课程；而根据下文"Over time, ___12___ she began to enjoy the lessons."可推测，她最终决定试一下。故选C。
50．句意：起初，她在课堂上感到格格不入。A. out of place不合适的、格格不入的；B. out of order混乱的；C. out of mind忘切、不想；D. out of control失控。根据下文"She didn't know anything about ballet"以及她害羞的个性可推测，起初她感到格格不入。故选A。
51．句意：她对芭蕾舞一无所知，而且她比大多数学生都要大。A. younger更年轻；B. older更老的；C. taller更高的；D. shorter更矮的、更短的。根据上文可知，她参加芭蕾舞课程的时候是13岁；而根据下文"Most ballerinas(女舞者)start their training much younger than thirteen."可推测，她比大多数学生年龄都大。故选B。
52．句意：然而，随着时间的推移，她开始享受这些课程。A. meanwhile与此同时；B. however然而；C. moreover此外；D. thus因此。根据上文内容可知，她起初觉得格格不入；而根据下文"she began to enjoy the lessons"可知，她开始享受芭蕾舞课程。上下文之间存在转折关系。故选B。
53．句意：她发现自己的身体——尤其是她那双长腿和灵活的肌肉——非常适合芭蕾舞。A. ready准备好的、乐意的；B. good好的；C. right正确的、适合的；D. qualified有资格的。根据空前内容"especially her long legs and flexible muscles"以及常理可知，她的身体非常适合跳芭蕾。故选C。
54．句意：在接下来的五年里，芭蕾舞就是Misty的生活。A. life生活；B. major主修科目；C. prospect希望、前景；D. stage舞台。根据下文"She practiced, performed, competed and attended ballet programs."可知，接下来的五年里，她一直都在跳舞、表演，由此可知，这五年来，芭蕾舞是她生活的全部。故选A。
55．句意："表演是我最喜欢的部分，因为我在舞台上感到自由和开放。"她说。A. improved得到提升的；B. calm镇静的；C. free自由的；D. secure安全的、稳妥的。根据上文"Performing was my favourite part"可知，她很喜欢表演芭蕾；再根据空后的形容词"open"可推测，空处单词和"open"意思相似。故选C。
五、第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
（2024高二上·深圳月考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When Jack was a small boy, he was once asked to give a speech about "A Big Challenge in My Life". To talk before the whole class, he was　56． 　(terrible)shy the moment he thought of so many eyes. staring at him. He had no other　57． 　(choose), though. First Jack was to draft the speech,　58． 　was just a piece of cake for him because he was a good writer. Because it was not allowed to read from the paper, he　59． 　 (have)to give the speech　60． 　his memory and in front of such a big audience!
Gradually he found himself back,　61． 　(give)out his speech without much difficulty. After what seemed to be a hundred years, he found the audience applauding. He made　62． 　! From then on, his fear of talking: before an audience disappeared. Actually with his confidence　63． 　(build) up, Jack now turns out to be a great speaker. As we know, the greater difficulty we meet on our way to　64． 　(succeed), the more likely we will be to achieve our　65． 　 (goal).
【答案】56．terribly；57．choice；58．which；59．had；60．from；61．giving；62．it；63．built；64．success；65．goals
【知识点】关系代词引导定语从句的用法；非限制性定语从句；副词的用法；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jack小时候的一次经历，他需要在班里做一次演讲。起初Jack感到很紧张，但又没别的选择，所以他就起草了演讲稿，当站在台上是，他非常紧张，但是最终成功地完成演讲。从此以后，他就不再害怕在观众面前演讲了，现在他已经成为一名优秀的演说家。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及副词，名词，定语从句，时态，介词，非谓语动词以及代词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
56．句意：在全班面前讲话，他非常害羞。 terrible，可怕的/糟糕的/严重的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰形容词shy，应用其副词形式。故填terribly。
57．句意：然而，他没有其他选择。choose，选择，动词。空处在句中做宾语，应用其名词形式，此处表示"别无选择"，have no other choice，固定短语，符合语境。故填choice。
58．句意：首先杰克要起草演讲稿，这对他来说是小菜一碟，因为他是一个好的作家。空处引导非限制定语从句的关系词，指代前文的内容，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which来引导。故填which。
59．句意：因为不允许读稿子，他不得不在这么多听众面前凭记忆演讲!have，有/吃/使，动词。空处为句子的谓语，根据时态呼应原则以及was not allowed可知，空处谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填had。
60．句意：因为不允许读稿子，他不得不在这么多听众面前凭记忆演讲!。此处表示"凭借记忆"，from one's memory，固定短语，符合语境。故填from。
61．句意：他渐渐地回过神来，毫不费力地发表了演讲。give，给，动词。空处为非谓语且在句中作状语，动词give与其逻辑主语he构成逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填giving。
62．句意：他成功了。此处表示"获得成功"，make it，固定短语，符合语境。故填it。
63．句意：事实上，随着自信心的增强，杰克现在成了一个伟大的演说家。build，建立，动词。此处为"with+宾语+宾语补足语"的复合结构，空处在此结构中做宾语补足语，动词build与其逻辑主语confidence构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填built。
64．句意：众所周知，我们在成功的道路上遇到的困难越大，我们就越有可能实现我们的目标。succeed，成功/继承，动词。空处在句中作介词to的宾语，应用其名词形式。故填success。
65．句意：众所周知，我们在成功的道路上遇到的困难越大，我们就越有可能实现我们的目标。goal，目标，可数名词。空处在句中做动词不定式to achieve的宾语，且被our修饰，应用其复数形式。故填goals。
六、第三节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
（2024高二上·深圳月考）选词填空
A. Entertainment B. More often than not C. Gently D. perseverance E. cheer up F. cracking a smile G. delight H. rejection I. sensitive J. guarantee K. throws light on
In the area of entertainment, there's a gentle power that　66． 　 our deepest emotions, especially for those with　67． 　 souls. Facing　68． 　 can be depressing, but　69． 　 in pursuing what brings delight is key.　70． 　, it's the simple acts—like　71． 　 or trying to cheer up a friend—that　72． 　 a shift in mood.　73． 　 reminding oneself of these joys ensures that even in adversity(逆境), the heart finds　74． 　 and the spirit remains unbroken.　75． 　 thus, becomes not just a amusement but a comfort for the soul.
【答案】66．K；67．I；68．H；69．D；70．B；71．F；72．J；73．C；74．G；75．A
【知识点】固定短语；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了娱乐对人们情绪的影响及其在逆境中的安慰作用。
备选词的中文意思： Entertainment 娱乐；More often than not往往/多半；Gently温柔地/轻轻地；Perseverance 毅力；Cheer up振作起来；Cracking a smile露出微笑；Delight喜悦；Rejection 拒绝；Sensitive敏感的；Guarantee保证；Throws light on阐明。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，注意答题时要首先跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。选词填空题解题技巧如下：整体阅读，把握文章大意。快速浏览全文，在开始填空之前，先用较快的速度浏览全文，特别注意段首和段尾句。词性分类，缩小选择范围，整理选项，将给出的选项按词性进行分类，因为空格处可能需要不同形式的动词。明确考点，选词填空主要考察名词、动词、形容词和副词四种词性的单词。仔细分析，选择最佳答案根据语法关系判断，结合句子的语法结构和上下文，判断所需词的词性，并选择正确的形式。注意固定搭配，选项中可能会出现一些常见的固定搭配或常用短语，选择这些表达以保持句子的自然流畅。
66．句意：在娱乐领域，有一种温柔的力量能够照亮我们最深的情感，尤其是对于那些有着敏感心灵的人来说。空处为that引导的定语从句中的谓语，所以用动词短语。throw light on"照亮，阐述，说明"符合语境。that指代a gentle power在句中作主语，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填K。
67．句意：在娱乐领域，有一种温柔的力量能够照亮我们最深的情感，尤其是对于那些有着敏感心灵的人来说。空处需要形容词作定语。根据下文中的"the spirit remains unbroken"可知，此处指敏感的人。sensitive为形容词"敏感的"，符合语境。故选I。
68．句意：面对拒绝可能会令人沮丧，但坚持不懈地追求令自己高兴的事物是关键。空处需要名词作宾语。根据be depressing可知，面对拒绝是令人沮丧的。rejection"拒绝"符合语境。故选H。
69．句意：面对拒绝可能会令人沮丧，但坚持不懈地追求令自己高兴的事物是关键。空处需要名词作主语。根据下文"trying to cheer up a friend"以及"reminding oneself of these joys ensures that even in adversity(逆境)"可知，我们应该坚持不懈的追求令自己高兴的事情。perseverance"坚持不懈"，符合语境。故选D。
70．句意：通常情况下，正是那些简单的举动——比如露出一个笑容或试图让朋友高兴起来——能够保证心情的转变。根据下文列举的例子"like 　　6 or trying to cheer up a friend"可知，这些都是通常情况下让人快乐的方式。more often than not"通常情况下"，符合语境。故选B。
71．句意：通常情况下，正是那些简单的举动——比如露出一个笑容或试图让朋友高兴起来——能够保证心情的转变。like为介词"像"，根据or后面的"trying to cheer up a friend"可知，空处需要一个动名词短语作宾语。cracking a smile意为"咧嘴一笑"，符合语境。故选F。
72．句意：通常情况下，正是那些简单的举动——比如露出一个笑容或试图让朋友高兴起来——能够保证心情的转变。空处为that引导的定语从句中的谓语，所以需要动词。guarantee为动词"保证"，符合语境。that指代先行词acts在从句中作主语，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。故选J。
73．句意：温柔地提醒自己这些快乐的事情，可以确保即使在逆境中，心灵也能找到喜悦，精神保持不屈。空处需要副词修饰动词reminding。gently为副词"温柔地"，符合语境。故选C。
74．句意：温柔地提醒自己这些快乐的事情，可以确保即使在逆境中，心灵也能找到喜悦，精神保持不屈。空处需要名词作finds的宾语。根据these joys可知，心灵能够找到喜悦。delight为名词"喜悦"，符合语境。故选G。
75．句意：于是，娱乐不仅成为一种消遣，更是对灵魂的一种慰藉。空处需要名词作主语。根据上文中的entertainment可知，此处需要名词entertainment"娱乐"，符合语境。故选A。
七、第四部分：语言运用(共一节，满分25分)
76．（2024高二上·深圳月考）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I faced a tight budget when I was nine. On November Ist, I used up most of the money I saved. With a small amount of pocket money left before Christmas I didn't have enough to buy presents for the family.
I was seriously considering going to my dad and asking for an advance on the next year's pocket money, so I could at least buy gifts for my family members. But then, one evening, I was sitting in my room reading advertisements in the back of a magazine. Several greeting-card companies were telling us how people could make money by selling their cards and stationery (文具). Normally, I would have passed right over the ads, but this time my situation was so difficult that I felt I had nothing to lose.
The ad that attracted me most was one by a well-known greeting-card company in my nation, whose products were of high quality. With my parents' help, I contacted the company, although they preferred adults or older kids to advertise their products. After my sincere request, they agreed to give me, a nine-year-old boy, a chance.
My sales materials arrived within the week. I had expected something small and neat, but the package looked like a dinosaur's shoebox it was close to three feet long and nearly a foot wide, full of stuff. There was a thick binder (活页夹) containing a complete selection of the cards and some writing paper, which I would be selling for around $3 per box.
Although my parents supported my try to make money by myself, they had little confidence in my success; after all, instead of an outgoing kid, I was somewhat shy. However, I was determined to have a try to challenge myself.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Wasting no time, I set off and knocked on doors in my neighborhood.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Eventually, I earned over $20, a large sum of money for a 9-year-old kid in 1954.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Wasting no time, I set off and knocked on doors in my neighborhood. Gathering my courage, I introduced myself as the young representative of the well-known greeting-card company. The initial responses were mixed — some were hesitant, while others were fascinated by the idea of a child engaged in such a venture. As I showcased the high-quality cards and shared the story behind each design, the doubt began to fade away, replaced by genuine interest. Surprisingly, my shy character transformed into enthusiasm, and I found myself engaging in conversations that extended beyond the purpose of sales.
Eventually, I earned over $20, a large sum of money for a 9-year-old kid in 1954. The community's response exceeded my expectations, and the support I received went beyond mere financial transactions. Neighbors were not just buying cards; they were encouraging a young entrepreneur. This unexpected journey into sales not only alleviated my financial concerns for Christmas but also instilled a sense of accomplishment and self-confidence. It broadened my horizons and laid the foundation for a newfound belief in the possibilities that determination and courage could unfold, regardless of age.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，该篇记叙文以人物为线索展开，作者九岁的时候预算紧张，没有足够的钱给家人买圣诞礼物。一天他在看杂志的时候发现了一则关于如何卖贺卡和文具赚钱的广告，于是作者在父母的帮助下联系了国内最知名的一家贺卡公司，请求给自己一个机会。作者收到贺卡公司寄来的销售材料后就开始了行动，他挨家挨户地推销产品，获得了不错的反馈。这个经历不仅缓解了作者的财务状况，也让作者产生了成就感和自信心。段落续写：由续写第一段首句"我当即出发，敲开了附近的门。"可知，第一段可以描写作者挨家挨户推销贺卡的经历。由续写第二段首句"最终，我赚了20多美元，这对1954年一个9岁的孩子来说是一大笔钱。"可知，第二段可以描写这次经历不仅给作者带来了经济收益，还让作者有了成就感和自信心。续写线索：作者挨家挨户敲门推销贺卡——最初收到的反应有好有坏——作者后来用认真和敬业的推销态度提高了成功率——作者赚到一笔巨款——这次销售经历给作者不仅带来了经济收益，还有成就感和自信心。写作时要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合句际间和段际间的逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇及句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型来提升文章的档次。【点评】1. 本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。 例如：Gathering my courage, I introduced myself as the young representative of the well-known greeting-card company. （运用了现在分词短语作状语）；As I showcased the high-quality cards and shared the story behind each design, the doubt began to fade away,
replaced by genuine interest. （运用了as引导的时间状语从句）； Surprisingly, my shy character transformed into enthusiasm, and I found myself engaging in conversations that extended beyond the purpose of sales.（运用了and连接的并列句以及that引导的定语从句）；The community's response exceeded my expectations, and the support I received went beyond mere financial transactions.（运用了省略了that或者which引导的定语从句）； This unexpected journey into sales not only alleviated my financial concerns for Christmas but also instilled a sense of accomplishment and self-confidence. （运用了not only...but also连接的并列结构）；It broadened my horizons and laid the foundation for a newfound belief in the possibilities that determination and courage could unfold, regardless of age.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）。
2. 读后续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到字迹工整与清晰。
3. 在做此类试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停顿，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾；经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，推断该段可能要讲述的内容。
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