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Unit 2 Getting along 单词解析三
1.argue (动词) 争论、争吵
[常见搭配] argue + that从句 争论...
argue with/ against sb. (about sth.) 与某人就某事进行争论
argue for sth. 支持某事
argue sb. (out of/ into) sth.说服某人放弃/接受某事
can't/ couldn't argue with that ...同意某人的观点、无法反驳
Eg: He argued that the plan was unfeasible.
他争辩说这个计划不可行。
They argue with each other about the best way to solve the problem.
他们就解决问题的最佳方法争论不休。
He argued for a more flexible working schedule.
他主张更灵活的工作时间表。
She argued me out of my original plan.
她说服我放弃了原来的计划。
She works hard and contributes a lot to the team -- I can't argue with that.
她工作努力，为团队做出了很多贡献-- 我无法反驳这一点。
[派生词] argument为名词，译为“争论”。
Eg: They had an argument over money.
他们为钱争吵。
[常见搭配] have an argument (with sb.) (about sth.)与某人就某事发生争论
Eg: They had a heated argument about the best way to solve the problem.
他们就解决问题的最佳方法发生了激烈的争论。
[即学即用]
She always seems to win every___________(argue).
答案:argument
2.divide (动词)(把...) 分开
[常见搭配] divide ... into... 把...分成...
数字+ divide by + 除数+is+结果 除法运算
divide up 分配
Eg: The city is divided into 12 administrative districts.
城市被划分为12个行政区。
Fifteen divided by three is five.
15除以3等于5.
After the divorce,they divided up their property equally.
离婚后，他们平均分配了财产。
[派生词] division为名词，译为“分割、分配”
Eg: The company has several divisions, each responsible for different products.
公司有几个部门，每个部门负责不同的产品。
[易混辨析] separate与divide区别:
separate通常指原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来，其后常接from;
divide通常指把整体分为若干部分，其后常接 into。
Eg: Lucy i is separating the red apples from the green ones.
露西正在把红苹果从绿苹果中分开。
The cake is divided into four parts.
这个蛋糕被分为四部分。
[即学即用]
他们把我们分成三组。
They _______ us ______ three groups.
答案:divided; into
3.dividing line (名词) 分界线、界限
Eg: There seems to be a dividing line between the rich and the poor in this city.
在这个城市里，富人和穷人之间似乎有一条明显的分界线。
[即学即用]
这条河是两个国家的分界线。
The river serves as the________________ between the two countries.
答案:dividing line
4.agreement (名词)(意见的)一致、相合
[用法讲解] agreement为可数名词，其复数形式为agreements。
Eg: They reached an agreement on the price.
他们就价格达成了一致。
[常见搭配] make an agreement with ...在某方面和某人达成协议
come to/ reach an agreement 达成协议
in agreement with... 同意...
Eg: They made an agreement with the bank to borrow money.
他们与银行达成协议借钱。
After long negotiation, they finally came to an agreement.
经过长时间的谈判，他们终于达成一致。
I'm in agreement with your plan.
我同意你的计划。
[派生词] agree为动词，译为“同意”。
[常见搭配] agree with sb.同意某人的观点/适合某人的健康或胃口
agree on sth.对某事取得一致意见
agree to do sth.同意做某事
Eg: I agree with you.
我同意你的观点。
The climate there doesn't agree with me.
那里的气候对我不适合。
We agreed on the best action.
我们都同意这一最佳措施。
She agreed to go shopping with me.
她同意和我去购物。
[即学即用]
There is a general _________ (agree) on this issue.
答案:agreement
5.relative (名词) 家人、亲戚
[用法讲解] relative为可数名词，其复数形式为 relatives; relative还可为形容词，译为“相对的、相关的”。
Eg: I have several relatives living in the countryside.
我有几个亲戚住在乡下。
The size of the room is relative to the number of people it can accommodate.
房间的大小与它能容纳的人数相对。
[常见搭配] close relative近亲
distant relative远亲
in relation to ... 与...有关
Eg: My uncle is my close relative.
我叔叔是我的近亲。
Close neighbours are better than distant relatives.
远亲不如近邻。
The report is in relation to the recent increase in crime rates.
这份报告与最近犯罪率的上升有关。
[派生词]relativity为名词，译为“相对论、相对性”;
relevant为形容词，译为“相关的”。
Eg: According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.
根据相对论，任何东西都无法超越光速。
Do you have the relevant experience
你有相关的经历吗
[即学即用]
My grandmother has many__________(relative) who live in different parts of the country.
答案:relatives
6.government (名词)政府
[用法讲解] government为可数名词，其复数形式为governments.
Eg: The local government has implemented new regulations to improve public safety.
地方政府实施了新的规定以提高公共安全。
[即学即用]
The __________(政府)is responsible for setting national policies.
答案:government
7.poem (名词) 诗、韵文
[用法讲解] poem为可数名词，其复数形式为 poems.
Eg: She recited a beautiful poem at the literary festival.
她在文学节上朗诵了一首美丽的诗。
[派生词]poet为名词，译为“诗人”;
poetry为名词，译为“诗歌”;
poetic为形容词，译为“诗的、富有诗意的”。
Eg: He was a painter and poet.
他既是画家又是诗人。
Her poetry has a good deal of political content.
她的诗歌含有大量的政治内容。
There is a poetic quality to her playing.
她的演奏富有诗意。
[易混辨析]poetry与poem区别:
poetry指一个更广泛的概念，是诗歌的总称;
poem指的是一首具体的诗，是诗歌的单数形式。
[即学即用]
He wrote several________(poem) about nature.
答案:poems
8.inside (副词)在(容器或其他封闭的空间)里面、往里面
[用法讲解] inside还可为形容词，译为“内部的、里面的”;inside还可为介词，译为“在...的里面”;inside亦可为名词，译为“内部、内幕”。
Eg: The cat is sitting inside the box.
猫坐在盒子里。
I have a inside room in the hotel.
我在旅馆里有一个内室。
She put the book inside the bag.
她把书放进包里。
He's the one who gave us the inside information.
就是他给了我们内部的情报。
[常见搭配] inside out 颠倒、彻底地、从里到外
Eg: Turn the bag inside out and let it dry.
把包翻过来晾干。
[派生词] outside为副词，译为“在外面”。
Eg: It was dark outside and I couldn't see much.
外面很黑，我看不清。
[即学即用]
( )Jenny has to go _______ to put her coat.
A.into B. inside C.in D.on
答案:B
9.neighbour (名词) 邻居、邻人
[用法讲解] neighbour为可数名词，其复数形式为neighbours; neighbour还可为动词，译为“位于...的附近、邻接”;neighbour还可为形容词，译为“邻居的、邻近的”。
Eg: My neighbour is a friendly old lady.
我的邻居是一位友好的老太太。
The park neighbours the school.
公园毗邻学校。
The neighbour house is being renovated.
邻居的房子正在装修。
[派生词] neighbourhood为可数名词，其复数形式为neighbourhoods，译为“街区、邻近的地方”。
Eg: There are several neighbouhoods in this city.
这个城市有几个街区。
[常见搭配] in the neighbourhood 在某个街区或范围内
around the neighbourhood在周围或附近
Eg: I saw him in the neighbourhood yesterday.
我昨天在附近看到了他。
There is a supermarket around the neighbourhood.
附近有一个超市。
[即学即用]
My ________ (neighbour) are very friendly and always willing to help.
答案:neighbours
10.act(名词)行为、行动、动作、举动
[用法讲解] act作名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为acts;act还可为动词，译为“行动、举止、扮演、起作用”。
Eg: Helping the homeless was a selfless act.
帮助无家可归者是一种无私的行为。
He acted calmly in the emergency.
他在紧急情况下表现冷静。
He acted the main hero in the play.
他在那出戏中演主角。
[常见搭配] act as ... 担任...职务
act out 把...表演出来
act on 对...起作用
in the act of doing sth.正在做某事的过程中
put on an act假装、装腔作势
Eg: She acted as a translator during the meeting.
她在会议室担任翻译。
The children acted out the fairy tale.
孩子们把童话故事表演了出来。
The medicine acted quickly on her cold.
这药对她的感冒很快起了作用。
I caught him in the act of stealing.
我当场抓住他正在偷东西。
She's just putting on an act to get what she wants.
她只是在装腔作势以得到她想要的东西。
[派生词] action为名词，译为“行为”;
active为形容词，译为“活跃的、活泼的”;
activity为名词，译为“活动”;
actor为名词，译为“男演员”;
actress为名词，译为“女演员”。
Eg: The police are investigating several actions in connection with the robbery.
警方正在调查与抢劫案有关的几起行动。
You are expected to be an active participant.
你应该成为积极的参与者。
There is a full range of activities for children.
这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。
Jacky Chen is a famous actor.
成龙是一名著名的男演员。
She wants to be an actress but her parents disapprove.
她想当演员，可是她父母不同意。
[即学即用]
( )This ______ would not be in accord with our policy.
A.action B.act C. active D.activity
答案:A
11.deeply(副词)非常、很深地
[用法讲解] deeply常用来修饰动词、形容词。
Eg: I am deeply moved by his kindness.
我被他的善良深深打动。
She feels deeply grateful for their support.
她对他们的支持深感感激。
[常见搭配] deeply rooted 根深蒂固的
Eg: The prejudice is deeply rooted in some people's minds.
这种偏见在一些人的心目中根深蒂固。
[派生词] deep为形容词，译为“深的”。
Eg: The river is very deep at this point.
这条河在这里很深。
He has a deep understanding of the subject.
他对这个主题有深刻的理解。
[常见搭配]deep in thought沉思中
a deep breath 深吸一口气
Eg: She sat there deep in thought, not noticing anyone around her.
她坐在那里沉思，没有注意到周围的人。
Take a deep breath and relax.
深吸一口气，放松一下。
[即学即用]
I am ________ (deep) sorry for what I said earlier.
答案:deeply
12.pass (动词) 过去、流逝
[用法讲解] pass作动词，还可译为“经历、错过、通过、传递”。
Eg: We passed through the forest on our way to the lake.
我们在去湖边的路上穿过了森林。
Did you pass your math exam
你数学考试过了吗
Can you please pass me the salt
请你把盐递给我好吗
He passed a difficult period after losing his job.
他失业后度过了艰难的时期。
She passed over the invitation by mistake.
她不小心错过了邀请。
[常见搭配] pass by 经过、通过
pass away 去世、逝世
pass through 穿过
pass down 世代相传
pass off 顺利进行、被忽略
Eg: I see them pass by my house every day.
我每天看见他们从我家旁边经过。
His mother passed away last year.
他母亲去年去世了。
The ends of the net pass through a wooden bar at each end.
网的两端各穿过一根木棒。
This title will only pass down through the male line.
这个头衔将只能传给男性后裔。
I often get headaches, but they seem to pass off in a little while.
我常常头痛，但不一会儿就好了。
[派生词]past为介词，译为“经过”。
Eg: He walked past me without speaking.
他从我身旁走过，一句话没说。
[即学即用]
He ________ (past) the exam with ease.
答案:passed
13.whenever (连词)每当
[用法讲解] whenever常常用来引导时间状语从句或让步状语从句，即可位于主句之前，也位于主句之后，相当于no matter when。
Eg:Whenever I need help, I call him.
每当我需要帮助时，我就给他打电话。
Whenever I see him, he's reading.
我无论什么时候看到他，他都在看书。
[知识拓展]类似词语whoever(无论谁); whatever(无论什么);wherever(无论在哪)。
Eg: Whoever leaves the room last should turn off the lights.
无论谁最后离开房间，都应该关灯。
[即学即用]
Whenever I see him, I always greet him.(同义句转换)
______ _______ _______ I see him, I always greet him.
答案:No matter when
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共39张PPT)
Unit 2 Getting along
八年级
外研版2024
上
单词解析三
1.argue (动词) 争论、争吵
[常见搭配] argue + that从句争论...
argue with/ against sb. (about sth.) 与某人就某事进行争论
argue for sth.支持某事
argue sb. (out of/ into) sth.说服某人放弃/接受某事
can't/ couldn't argue with that ...同意某人的观点、无法反驳
Eg: He argued that the plan was unfeasible.
他争辩说这个计划不可行。
They argue with each other about the best way to solve the problem.
他们就解决问题的最佳方法争论不休。
He argued for a more flexible working schedule.
他主张更灵活的工作时间表。
She argued me out of my original plan.
她说服我放弃了原来的计划。
She works hard and contributes a lot to the team -- I can't argue with that.
她工作努力，为团队做出了很多贡献-- 我无法反驳这一点。
[派生词] argument为名词，译为“争论”。
Eg: They had an argument over money.
他们为钱争吵。
[常见搭配]have an argument (with sb.)(about sth.)与某人就某事发生争论
Eg: They had a heated argument about the best way to solve the problem.
他们就解决问题的最佳方法发生了激烈的争论。
[即学即用]
She always seems to win every___________(argue).
argument
2.divide (动词)(把...) 分开
[常见搭配] divide ... into... 把...分成...
数字+ divide by + 除数+is+结果除法运算
divide up分配
Eg: The city is dividedinto12 administrative districts.
城市被划分为12个行政区。
Fifteen divided by three is five.
15除以3等于5.
After the divorce,they divided up their property equally.
离婚后，他们平均分配了财产。
[派生词]division为名词，译为“分割、分配”
Eg: The company has several divisions, each responsible for different products.
公司有几个部门，每个部门负责不同的产品。
[易混辨析] separate与divide区别:
separate通常指原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来，其后常接from;
divide通常指把整体分为若干部分，其后常接 into。
Eg: Lucy i is separating the red apples from the green ones.
露西正在把红苹果从绿苹果中分开。
The cake is divided into four parts.
这个蛋糕被分为四部分。
[即学即用]
他们把我们分成三组。
They _______ us ______ three groups.
divided into
3.dividing line (名词) 分界线、界限
Eg: There seems to be a dividing line between the rich and the poor in this city.
在这个城市里，富人和穷人之间似乎有一条明显的分界线。
[即学即用]
这条河是两个国家的分界线。
The river serves as the________________ between the two countries.
dividing line
4.agreement (名词)(意见的)一致、相合
[用法讲解]agreement为可数名词，其复数形式为agreements。
Eg: They reached an agreement on the price.
他们就价格达成了一致。
[常见搭配] make an agreement with ...在某方面和某人达成协议
come to/ reach an agreement达成协议
in agreement with...同意...
Eg: They made an agreement with the bank to borrow money.
他们与银行达成协议借钱。
After long negotiation, they finally came to an agreement.
经过长时间的谈判，他们终于达成一致。
I'm in agreement with your plan.
我同意你的计划。
[派生词]agree为动词，译为“同意”。
[常见搭配]agree with sb.同意某人的观点/适合某人的健康或胃口
agree on sth.对某事取得一致意见
agree to do sth.同意做某事
Eg: I agree with you.
我同意你的观点。
The climate there doesn't agree with me.
那里的气候对我不适合。
We agreed on the best action.
我们都同意这一最佳措施。
She agreed to go shopping with me.
她同意和我去购物。
[即学即用]
There is a general _________ (agree) on this issue.
agreement
5.relative (名词) 家人、亲戚
[用法讲解] relative为可数名词，其复数形式为 relatives; relative还可为形容词，译为“相对的、相关的”。
Eg: I have several relatives living in the countryside.
我有几个亲戚住在乡下。
The size of the room is relative to the number of people it can accommodate.
房间的大小与它能容纳的人数相对。
[常见搭配] close relative近亲
distant relative远亲
in relation to ... 与...有关
Eg: My uncle is my close relative.
我叔叔是我的近亲。
Close neighbours are better than distant relatives.
远亲不如近邻。
The report is in relation to the recent increase in crime rates.
这份报告与最近犯罪率的上升有关。
[派生词]relativity为名词，译为“相对论、相对性”;
relevant为形容词，译为“相关的”。
Eg: According to the theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than light.
根据相对论，任何东西都无法超越光速。
Do you have the relevant experience
你有相关的经历吗
[即学即用]
My grandmother has many__________(relative) who live in different parts of the country.
relatives
6.government (名词)政府
[用法讲解] government为可数名词，其复数形式为governments.
Eg: The local government has implemented new regulations to improve public safety.
地方政府实施了新的规定以提高公共安全。
[即学即用]
The __________(政府)is responsible for setting national policies.
government
7.poem (名词) 诗、韵文
[用法讲解] poem为可数名词，其复数形式为poems.
Eg: She recited a beautiful poem at the literary festival.
她在文学节上朗诵了一首美丽的诗。
[派生词]poet为名词，译为“诗人”;
poetry为名词，译为“诗歌”;
poetic为形容词，译为“诗的、富有诗意的”。
Eg: He was a painter and poet.
他既是画家又是诗人。
Her poetry has a good deal of political content.
她的诗歌含有大量的政治内容。
There is a poetic quality to her playing.
她的演奏富有诗意。
[易混辨析]poetry与poem区别:
poetry指一个更广泛的概念，是诗歌的总称;
poem指的是一首具体的诗，是诗歌的单数形式。
[即学即用]
He wrote several________(poem) about nature.
poems
8.inside (副词)在(容器或其他封闭的空间)里面、往里面
[用法讲解]inside还可为形容词，译为“内部的、里面的”;inside还可为介词，译为“在...的里面”;inside亦可为名词，译为“内部、内幕”。
Eg: The cat is sitting inside the box.
猫坐在盒子里。
I have a inside room in the hotel.
我在旅馆里有一个内室。
She put the book inside the bag.
她把书放进包里。
He's the one who gave us the inside information.
就是他给了我们内部的情报。
[常见搭配]inside out颠倒、彻底地、从里到外
Eg: Turn the bag inside out and let it dry.
把包翻过来晾干。
[派生词] outside为副词，译为“在外面”。
Eg: It was dark outside and I couldn't see much.
外面很黑，我看不清。
[即学即用]
( )Jenny has to go _______ to put her coat.
A.into B. inside C.in D.on
B
9.neighbour (名词) 邻居、邻人
[用法讲解] neighbour为可数名词，其复数形式为neighbours; neighbour还可为动词，译为“位于...的附近、邻接”;neighbour还可为形容词，译为“邻居的、邻近的”。
Eg: My neighbour is a friendly old lady.
我的邻居是一位友好的老太太。
The park neighbours the school.
公园毗邻学校。
The neighbour house is being renovated.
邻居的房子正在装修。
[派生词] neighbourhood为可数名词，其复数形式为neighbourhoods，译为“街区、邻近的地方”。
Eg: There are several neighbouhoods in this city.
这个城市有几个街区。
[常见搭配]in the neighbourhood在某个街区或范围内
around the neighbourhood在周围或附近
Eg: I saw himin the neighbourhood yesterday.
我昨天在附近看到了他。
There is a supermarket around the neighbourhood.
附近有一个超市。
[即学即用]
My ____________ (neighbour) are very friendly and always willing to help.
neighbours
10.act(名词)行为、行动、动作、举动
[用法讲解]act作名词时为可数名词，其复数形式为acts;act还可为动词，译为“行动、举止、扮演、起作用”。
Eg: Helping the homeless was a selfless act.
帮助无家可归者是一种无私的行为。
He acted calmly in the emergency.
他在紧急情况下表现冷静。
He acted the main hero in the play.
他在那出戏中演主角。
[常见搭配]act as ... 担任...职务
act out把...表演出来
act on对...起作用
in the act of doing sth.正在做某事的过程中
put on an act假装、装腔作势
Eg: She acted as a translator during the meeting.
她在会议室担任翻译。
The children acted out the fairy tale.
孩子们把童话故事表演了出来。
The medicine acted quickly on her cold.
这药对她的感冒很快起了作用。
I caught him in the act of stealing.
我当场抓住他正在偷东西。
She's just putting on an act to get what she wants.
她只是在装腔作势以得到她想要的东西。
[派生词] action为名词，译为“行为”;
active为形容词，译为“活跃的、活泼的”;
activity为名词，译为“活动”;
actor为名词，译为“男演员”;
actress为名词，译为“女演员”。
Eg:Thepolice are investigating several actions in connection with the robbery.
警方正在调查与抢劫案有关的几起行动。
Youare expected to be an active participant.
你应该成为积极的参与者。
There is a full range of activities for children.
这里有给孩子们提供的各种活动。
Jacky Chen is a famous actor.
成龙是一名著名的男演员。
She wants to be an actress but her parents disapprove.
她想当演员，可是她父母不同意。
[即学即用]
( )This ______ would not be in accord with our policy.
A.action B.act C. active D.activity
A
11.deeply(副词)非常、很深地
[用法讲解] deeply常用来修饰动词、形容词。
Eg: I am deeply moved by his kindness.
我被他的善良深深打动。
She feels deeply grateful for their support.
她对他们的支持深感感激。
[常见搭配]deeply rooted根深蒂固的
Eg: The prejudice is deeply rooted in some people's minds.
这种偏见在一些人的心目中根深蒂固。
[派生词] deep为形容词，译为“深的”。
Eg: The river is very deep at this point.
这条河在这里很深。
He has a deep understanding of the subject.
他对这个主题有深刻的理解。
[常见搭配]deep in thought沉思中
a deep breath深吸一口气
Eg: She sat there deep in thought, not noticing anyone around her.
她坐在那里沉思，没有注意到周围的人。
Take a deep breath and relax.
深吸一口气，放松一下。
[即学即用]
I am ________ (deep) sorry for what I said earlier.
deeply
12.pass (动词) 过去、流逝
[用法讲解] pass作动词，还可译为“经历、错过、通过、传递”。
Eg: We passed through the forest on our way to the lake.
我们在去湖边的路上穿过了森林。
Did you pass your math exam
你数学考试过了吗
Can you please pass me the salt
请你把盐递给我好吗
He passed a difficult period after losing his job.
他失业后度过了艰难的时期。
She passed over the invitation by mistake.
她不小心错过了邀请。
[常见搭配]pass by 经过、通过
pass away去世、逝世
pass through 穿过
pass down世代相传
pass off顺利进行、被忽略
Eg: I see them pass by my house every day.
我每天看见他们从我家旁边经过。
His mother passed away last year.
他母亲去年去世了。
The ends of the net pass through a wooden bar at each end.
网的两端各穿过一根木棒。
This title will only pass down through the male line.
这个头衔将只能传给男性后裔。
I often get headaches, but they seem to pass off in a little while.
我常常头痛，但不一会儿就好了。
[派生词]past为介词，译为“经过”。
Eg: He walked past me without speaking.
他从我身旁走过，一句话没说。
[即学即用]
He ________ (past) the exam with ease.
passed
13.whenever (连词)每当
[用法讲解] whenever常常用来引导时间状语从句或让步状语从句，即可位于主句之前，也位于主句之后，相当于no matter when。
Eg:Whenever I need help, I call him.
每当我需要帮助时，我就给他打电话。
Whenever I see him, he's reading.
我无论什么时候看到他，他都在看书。
[知识拓展]类似词语whoever(无论谁); whatever(无论什么);wherever(无论在哪)。
Eg: Whoever leaves the room last should turn off the lights.
无论谁最后离开房间，都应该关灯。
[即学即用]
Whenever I see him, I always greet him.(同义句转换)
______ _______ _______ I see him, I always greet him.
No matter when
Thanks!
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