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Unit 3 Sports and fitness阅读理解精练
目录
基础篇
Passage 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Passage 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
Passage 3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
Passage 4 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 10
拔高篇
Passage 1 --------------------------------------------------------------------13
Passage 2 --------------------------------------------------------------------16
Passage 3 --------------------------------------------------------------------19
Passage 4 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 22
Passage 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------25
基础篇
Passage 1
难度
School sports days are a long-standing tradition in many countries. They are a time when students can compete in various sports, show their skills, and build team spirit.
At Greenfield High School, the annual sports day takes place in October. Students can choose from events like sprinting, long jump, high jump, and relay races. There are also team games such as tug-of-war and basketball matches. Teachers and parents come to watch and cheer for the students.
One of the most popular events is the 100-meter sprint. This year, Lily, a Grade 10 student, won the girls' race. "I've been practicing every morning before school," she said. "It feels great to win, but it's even more fun to compete with my friends."
Sports day is not just about winning. Many students enjoy taking part even if they don't win. "I joined the long jump even though I'm not very good at it," said Tom, a Grade 9 student. "It was exciting to try something new and get support from my classmates."
Teachers say sports day helps students develop important values. "It teaches them about teamwork, perseverance, and respecting others," said Mr. Brown, the PE teacher. "These are skills that will help them in life, not just in sports."
1.When does the sports day at Greenfield High School happen
A. In September.
B. In October.
C. In November.
D. In December.
2.Which event is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Sprinting.
B. Swimming.
C. Long jump.
D. Relay races.
3.What did Lily do to prepare for the 100-meter sprint
A. She practiced every morning.
B. She joined a special training camp.
C. She asked her parents for help.
D. She studied different running techniques.
4.What do teachers think is the value of sports day
A. It helps students get better grades.
B. It teaches students important life skills.
C. It makes students more competitive.
D. It encourages students to join sports clubs.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：原文明确提到 “At Greenfield High School, the annual sports day takes place in October”，直接说明运动会在 10 月举行，故答案为 B。其他选项（9 月、11 月、12 月）均未在文中提及。
答案：B
解析：文中提到的运动项目包括 “sprinting, long jump, high jump, relay races, tug-of-war, basketball matches”，唯独没有提到 “swimming”，因此答案为 B。
答案：A
解析：Lily 明确表示 “I've been practicing every morning before school”，说明她通过每天早上练习准备 100 米短跑。B（参加特训营）、C（向父母求助）、D（研究跑步技巧）均未在文中提及。
答案：B
解析：体育老师 Mr. Brown 指出 “It teaches them about teamwork, perseverance, and respecting others. These are skills that will help them in life”，说明运动会的价值在于教授重要的生活技能。A（提高成绩）、C（增强竞争性）、D（鼓励加入体育俱乐部）均不符合原文。
重点词汇总结
long-standing tradition（长期存在的传统）
annual（年度的）
sprinting（短跑）
relay races（接力赛）
tug-of-war（拔河）
perseverance（毅力）
重点句式总结
1.“It is a time when...”（这是…… 的时刻）
例：They are a time when students can compete in various sports.
2.“Not just... but...”（不仅…… 而且……）
例：Sports day is not just about winning. Many students enjoy taking part even if they don't win.
Passage 2
难度
Yoga is an ancient practice that originated in India. It combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation. Today, it is popular all over the world as a way to stay healthy and reduce stress.
There are many different types of yoga. Hatha yoga is good for beginners because it focuses on basic postures and slow movements. Vinyasa yoga is more active, with sequences of movements that flow together. Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room to help loosen muscles.
Practicing yoga has many benefits. It improves flexibility and strength. Many people find that it helps with anxiety and helps them sleep better. "I started doing yoga last year to deal with stress from school," said Mia, a high school student. "Now I do it every evening, and it helps me relax before bed."
You don't need any special equipment to start doing yoga. A yoga mat is helpful, but you can even practice on a soft carpet. It's important to wear comfortable clothes and take it slowly. "Listen to your body and don't push yourself too hard," advised Ms. Lee, a yoga instructor. "Yoga is about progress, not perfection."
5.Where did yoga originate
A. China.
B. India.
C. Japan.
D. Thailand.
6.Which type of yoga is good for beginners
A. Hatha yoga.
B. Vinyasa yoga.
C. Bikram yoga.
D. Power yoga.
7.What benefit of yoga is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Improving flexibility.
B. Reducing stress.
C. Helping with sleep.
D. Increasing weight.
8.What does Ms. Lee advise beginners to do
A. Buy expensive equipment.
B. Push themselves to try difficult postures.
C. Practice on a hard floor.
D. Take it slowly and listen to their bodies.
答案解析
5.答案：B
解析：原文首句 “Yoga is an ancient practice that originated in India” 明确说明瑜伽起源于印度，故答案为 B。其他选项（中国、日本、泰国）均不符合原文。
6.答案：A
解析：文中提到 “Hatha yoga is good for beginners because it focuses on basic postures and slow movements”，可知哈他瑜伽适合初学者。B（流瑜伽）更活跃，C（高温瑜伽）在热室进行，均不适合初学者；D（力量瑜伽）未提及。
7.答案：D
解析：瑜伽的益处包括 “improves flexibility and strength”“helps with anxiety”“helps them sleep better”，A、B、C 均有提及；D（增重）未提到，且与瑜伽的健康功效不符。
8.答案：D
解析：瑜伽教练 Ms. Lee 建议 “Listen to your body and don't push yourself too hard”，即慢慢来并关注身体感受。A（买昂贵装备）、B（强迫自己尝试高难度动作）、C（在硬地板上练习）均与原文建议相反。
重点词汇总结
originate（起源）
physical postures（身体姿势）
meditation（冥想）
flexibility（柔韧性）
beginner（初学者）
sequence（连贯动作）
重点句式总结
1.“It combines... and...”（它结合了…… 和……）
例：It combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation.
2.“... is practiced in...”（…… 在…… 中进行）
例：Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room.
Passage 3
难度
Regular exercise is important for maintaining good health, but many teenagers find it hard to make time for it. With schoolwork, part-time jobs, and other activities, it's easy to put exercise aside. However, even short periods of daily exercise can make a big difference.
The World Health Organization recommends that teenagers get at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day. This can include activities like walking, cycling, playing sports, or dancing. Breaking it into shorter sessions is also effective—for example, 20 minutes of basketball after school, 20 minutes of cycling, and 20 minutes of dancing.
Exercise has many benefits for teenagers. It helps build strong bones and muscles, reduces the risk of illness, and improves mood. A study by the University of California found that students who exercise regularly have better concentration and get higher grades. "When I exercise, I feel more energetic and focused in class," said Jason, a 16-year-old student.
Finding an activity you enjoy is key to making exercise a habit. If you don't like running, try swimming or playing tennis. If you prefer group activities, join a sports team or a dance class. "I used to hate exercise, but then I joined a hip-hop dance club," said Sarah. "Now I look forward to it every week!"
9.How much exercise does the World Health Organization recommend for teenagers
A. 30 minutes a day.
B. 45 minutes a day.
C. 60 minutes a day.
D. 90 minutes a day.
10. What is an example of breaking exercise into shorter sessions
A. Running for 60 minutes once a week.
B. Doing 20 minutes of three different activities.
C. Playing basketball for 60 minutes every day.
D. Cycling for 30 minutes twice a week.
11. .What did the University of California study find
A. Exercise helps teenagers sleep better.
B. Exercising students have better concentration.
C. Exercise increases the risk of injury.
D. Teenagers who exercise are taller.
12. .What is the key to making exercise a habit
A. Choosing an activity you enjoy.
B. Exercising for 60 minutes every day.
C. Only doing exercise on weekends.
D. Competing with friends to win.
答案解析
9.答案：C
解析：世界卫生组织建议 “teenagers get at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day”，故答案为 C。A（30 分钟）、B（45 分钟）、D（90 分钟）均不符合原文。
10.答案：B
解析：文中举例 “20 minutes of basketball after school, 20 minutes of cycling, and 20 minutes of dancing”，即把锻炼分成三个 20 分钟的活动，与 B 选项一致。A（每周一次 60 分钟跑步）、C（每天 60 分钟篮球）、D（每周两次 30 分钟骑行）均不符合 “拆分短时段” 的定义。
11.答案：B
解析：加州大学的研究发现 “students who exercise regularly have better concentration and get higher grades”，即锻炼的学生专注力更好。A（改善睡眠）、C（增加受伤风险）、D（更高）均未提及。
12.答案：A
解析：文中明确指出 “Finding an activity you enjoy is key to making exercise a habit”，故答案为 A。B（每天 60 分钟）是建议时长，并非养成习惯的关键；C（只在周末锻炼）、D（与朋友竞争获胜）均不符合原文。
重点词汇总结
moderate（适度的）
vigorous（剧烈的）
physical activity（体育活动）
session（时段）
concentration（专注力）
hip-hop（嘻哈）
重点句式总结
1.“Even... can make a big difference”（即使…… 也能产生很大影响）
例：Even short periods of daily exercise can make a big difference.
2.“It's easy to... However, ...”（很容易…… 然而，……）
例：It's easy to put exercise aside. However, even short periods... can make a big difference.
Passage 4
难度
Martial arts are more than just ways to fight—they are practices that teach discipline, respect, and self-control. There are many different styles, each with its own history and techniques.
Karate, which comes from Japan, focuses on strikes with the hands and feet. Students learn to punch and kick with strength and precision. Taekwondo, a Korean martial art, is known for its high kicks and fast movements. It is an Olympic sport and emphasizes speed and agility.
In China, kung fu includes a variety of styles, from the powerful moves of Shaolin kung fu to the graceful movements of tai chi. Kung fu is not just about physical strength; it also teaches mental focus and harmony between the body and mind.
Many teenagers take martial arts classes to learn self-defense, but they gain more than that. "Karate has taught me to stay calm in difficult situations," said Kevin, who has been practicing for three years. "I used to get angry easily, but now I know how to control my emotions."
Instructors stress that martial arts are about self-improvement, not violence. "We teach students to respect their opponents and never use their skills to hurt others," said Master Chen, a kung fu instructor. "The true spirit of martial arts is to protect, not attack."
13.What is karate known for
A. High kicks and speed.
B. Strikes with hands and feet.
C. Graceful movements.
D. Weapon training.
14.Which martial art is an Olympic sport
A. Karate.
B. Tai chi.
C. Taekwondo.
D. Shaolin kung fu.
15.What else do teenagers learn from martial arts besides self-defense
A. How to win fights.
B. Discipline and self-control.
C. How to become famous.
D. Traditional dances.
16.What is the true spirit of martial arts according to Master Chen
A. To attack when threatened.
B. To become stronger than others.
C. To protect, not attack.
D. To win competitions.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：文中提到 “Karate, which comes from Japan, focuses on strikes with the hands and feet.”，说明空手道以手脚击打为特色，所以选 B。
重点词汇：strike（击打）；focus on（专注于）
答案：C
解析：根据 “Taekwondo, a Korean martial art, is known for its high kicks and fast movements. It is an Olympic sport...” 可知，跆拳道是奥运会项目，所以选 C。
重点词汇：Olympic sport（奥运会项目）；emphasize（强调）；agility（敏捷）
答案：B
解析：文中说 “Many teenagers take martial arts classes to learn self-defense, but they gain more than that. 'Karate has taught me to stay calm in difficult situations... control my emotions.'”，可知青少年从武术中除了自卫还能学到纪律和自控，所以选 B。
重点词汇：self-defense（自卫）；discipline（纪律）；self-control（自控）
答案：C
解析：根据陈师傅的话 “The true spirit of martial arts is to protect, not attack.” 可知，武术的真正精神是保护而非攻击，所以选 C。
重点词汇：spirit（精神）；protect（保护）；attack（攻击）
重点词汇及句式总结：
martial arts（武术）；
technique（技巧）；
precision（精准）；
graceful（优雅的）；
opponent（对手）
“... are more than just...—they are practices that teach...”（…… 不仅仅是……— 它们是教会…… 的实践）：
Martial arts are more than just ways to fight—they are practices that teach discipline, respect, and self-control.
“... stress that... are about..., not...”（…… 强调…… 是关于……，而不是……）：Instructors stress that martial arts are about self-improvement, not violence.
拔高篇
Passage 1
难度
The Olympics are the world's biggest sports event, bringing together athletes from over 200 countries. The modern Olympics started in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and have a long history of promoting peace and unity through sports.
There are two main types of Olympics: the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics, held every four years, alternating every two years. The Summer Olympics include sports like swimming, athletics, and gymnastics, while the Winter Olympics feature ice hockey, skiing, and figure skating.
Athletes who compete in the Olympics spend years training. They must qualify for their national teams by performing well in international competitions. For many, just being in the Olympics is a dream come true, even if they don't win a medal. "Representing my country is the greatest honor," said Maria, a gymnast from Brazil.
The Olympics are not without challenges. Hosting the games costs a lot of money, and some countries struggle to afford the facilities. There have also been issues with doping, where athletes use banned drugs to improve their performance. The International Olympic Committee works hard to prevent this and keep the games fair.
Despite these challenges, the Olympics remain a symbol of hope. They show that people from different countries can come together to compete in friendship. As the Olympic motto says: "Faster, Higher, Stronger—Together."
1.When and where did the modern Olympics start
A. 1896 in Rome, Italy.
B. 1896 in Athens, Greece.
C. 1900 in Paris, France.
D. 1904 in St. Louis, USA.
2.What is the difference between the Summer and Winter Olympics
A. The Summer Olympics are bigger.
B. The Winter Olympics are held every two years.
C. They feature different sports.
D. Only the Summer Olympics have gymnastics.
3.What do athletes need to do to compete in the Olympics
A. Win a national championship.
B. Qualify through international competitions.
C. Be the youngest in their sport.
D. Pay a large fee to join.
4.What is a challenge the Olympics face
A. Too many athletes wanting to compete.
B. High costs and doping issues.
C. Not enough countries participating.
D. Lack of media coverage.
答案解析
1.答案：B
解析：文章开头指出 “The modern Olympics started in 1896 in Athens, Greece...”，所以现代奥运会 1896 年在希腊雅典开始，选 B。
重点词汇：modern Olympics（现代奥运会）；promote（促进）；unity（团结）
2.答案：C
解析：根据 “The Summer Olympics include sports like swimming, athletics, and gymnastics, while the Winter Olympics feature ice hockey, skiing, and figure skating.” 可知，夏季和冬季奥运会的区别是项目不同，所以选 C。
重点词汇：feature（以…… 为特色）；athletics（田径）；gymnastics（体操）；ice hockey（冰球）
3.答案：B
解析：文中说 “Athletes who compete in the Olympics spend years training. They must qualify for their national teams by performing well in international competitions.”，即运动员需要通过国际比赛获得资格才能参加奥运会，所以选 B。
重点词汇：qualify（获得资格）；national team（国家队）
4.答案：B
解析：根据 “The Olympics are not without challenges. Hosting the games costs a lot of money... There have also been issues with doping...” 可知，奥运会面临的挑战是高成本和兴奋剂问题，所以选 B。
重点词汇：challenge（挑战）；doping（兴奋剂）；facility（设施）
重点词汇及句式总结：
alternate（交替）；
medal（奖牌）；
represent（代表）；
honor（荣誉）；
fair（公平的）
“... are the world's biggest... bringing together... from over... countries.”（…… 是世界上最大的…… 汇集了来自超过…… 国家的……）：
The Olympics are the world's biggest sports event, bringing together athletes from over 200 countries.
“For many, just... is a dream come true, even if they don't...”（对许多人来说，即使他们不……，仅仅…… 就是梦想成真）：
For many, just being in the Olympics is a dream come true, even if they don't win a medal.
Passage 2
难度
Para sports, or Paralympic sports, are sports for athletes with physical disabilities. They show that disability does not stop people from achieving amazing things in sports.
The Paralympic Games are held right after the Olympic Games, using the same facilities. Athletes compete in many of the same sports as the Olympics, such as swimming, track and field, and basketball. There are also unique sports like wheelchair rugby and goalball, which are designed specifically for disabled athletes.
One inspiring Paralympic athlete is Sarah Storey from Great Britain. She was born without a left hand but has won medals in both cycling and swimming. "My disability has never held me back," she said. "It's just part of who I am. What matters is how hard I work and how much I want to succeed."
Para sports have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as therapy for disabled soldiers. Now, they are taken just as seriously as able-bodied sports. More people are watching the Paralympics, and athletes are becoming role models for people around the world.
These athletes teach us an important lesson: limits are often in our minds. With determination and hard work, anyone can achieve their dreams.
5.What are para sports
A. Sports for children.
B. Sports for athletes with physical disabilities.
C. Sports played only in winter.
D. Sports that are not part of the Olympics.
6.When are the Paralympic Games held
A. Before the Olympic Games.
B. At the same time as the Olympics.
C. Right after the Olympic Games.
D. Every two years instead of four.
7.What makes Sarah Storey inspiring
A. She has won medals in two different sports.
B. She was born with no hands.
C. She coaches other disabled athletes.
D. She invented wheelchair rugby.
8.How have para sports changed over time
A. They are now only for soldiers.
B. They are taken as seriously as able-bodied sports.
C. They are no longer part of the Olympic movement.
D. They are played in separate facilities.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：文章开头指出 “Para sports, or Paralympic sports, are sports for athletes with physical disabilities.”，所以残疾人体育是为身体残疾的运动员设立的运动，选 B。
重点词汇：physical disability（身体残疾）；achieve（实现）
答案：C
解析：根据 “The Paralympic Games are held right after the Olympic Games, using the same facilities.” 可知，残奥会在奥运会之后举行，所以选 C。
重点词汇：facility（设施）；take place（举行）
答案：A
解析：文中提到 “One inspiring Paralympic athlete is Sarah Storey from Great Britain. She was born without a left hand but has won medals in both cycling and swimming.”，可知萨拉 斯托里令人鼓舞是因为她在两项不同的运动中获得奖牌，所以选 A。
重点词汇：inspiring（鼓舞人心的）；medal（奖牌）
答案：B
解析：根据 “Para sports have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as therapy for disabled soldiers. Now, they are taken just as seriously as able-bodied sports.” 可知，残疾人体育的变化是和健全人体育一样被重视，所以选 B。
重点词汇：therapy（治疗）；able-bodied（健全的）
重点词汇及句式总结：
Paralympic Games（残奥会）；
wheelchair rugby（轮椅橄榄球）；
goalball（盲人门球）；
determination（决心）；
role model（榜样）
“... show that... does not stop people from achieving... in...”（…… 表明…… 不能阻止人们在…… 中实现……）：
They show that disability does not stop people from achieving amazing things in sports.
“... have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as... Now, they are...”（…… 取得了很大进步。早期，它们被视为…… 现在，它们是……）：
Para sports have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as therapy... Now, they are taken just as seriously as able-bodied sports.
Passage 3
难度
Exercise is not just good for the body—it also has a powerful effect on the mind. Studies show that regular physical activity can improve mental health and well-being.
When you exercise, your brain releases chemicals called endorphins. These chemicals reduce feelings of stress and pain, and create a sense of happiness. This is why people often feel "high" after a good workout. It's sometimes called the "runner's high."
Exercise also helps with anxiety and depression. A study by Harvard University found that 30 minutes of moderate exercise three times a week is as effective as some antidepressant drugs. It helps people sleep better, which is important for mental health, and increases self-esteem. "After I started playing soccer every week, I felt less worried about school exams," said Lisa, a 17-year-old student. "I have more confidence in myself."
Team sports are especially good for mental health because they provide social support. Being part of a team helps people feel connected and reduces loneliness. Even individual sports like swimming or running can be social if you join a club or exercise with friends.
Experts recommend combining exercise with other healthy habits, like eating well and getting enough sleep, for the best mental health benefits. "Exercise is not a cure-all, but it's a great tool for maintaining good mental health," said Dr. Patel, a psychologist.
9.What chemicals does the brain release during exercise
A. Insulin.
B. Endorphins.
C. Cholesterol.
D. Calcium.
10.Why do people feel "high" after exercise
A. Because they are tired.
B. Because endorphins create happiness.
C. Because they have more energy.
D. Because they drank too much water.
11.What did the Harvard study find
A. Exercise is better than all drugs for depression.
B. 30 minutes of exercise three times a week helps with depression.
C. Exercise makes anxiety worse.
D. Only intense exercise helps mental health.
12.Why are team sports good for mental health
A. They are easier than individual sports.
B. They provide social support and reduce loneliness.
C. They always result in winning.
D. They require less effort than individual sports.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：文中明确提到 “When you exercise, your brain releases chemicals called endorphins.”，即运动时大脑会释放内啡肽，所以选 B。
重点词汇：chemicals（化学物质）；release（释放）
答案：B
解析：根据 “These chemicals reduce feelings of stress and pain, and create a sense of happiness. This is why people often feel 'high' after a good workout.” 可知，人们运动后感到 “兴奋” 是因为内啡肽带来幸福感，所以选 B。
重点词汇：sense of happiness（幸福感）；workout（锻炼）
答案：B
解析：文中说 “A study by Harvard University found that 30 minutes of moderate exercise three times a week is as effective as some antidepressant drugs.”，即哈佛研究发现每周三次 30 分钟的锻炼有助于缓解抑郁，所以选 B。
重点词汇：moderate exercise（适度锻炼）；antidepressant（抗抑郁的）
答案：B
解析：根据 “Team sports are especially good for mental health because they provide social support. Being part of a team helps people feel connected and reduces loneliness.” 可知，团队运动对心理健康有益是因为能提供社交支持并减少孤独感，所以选 B。
重点词汇：social support（社交支持）；loneliness（孤独）
重点词汇及句式总结：
mental health（心理健康）；
well-being（幸福）；
anxiety（焦虑）；
self-esteem（自尊）；
psychologist（心理学家）
“Studies show that... can improve... and...”（研究表明…… 能改善…… 和……）：Studies show that regular physical activity can improve mental health and well-being.
“... are especially good for... because they provide...”（…… 对…… 特别有益，因为它们提供……）：
Team sports are especially good for mental health because they provide social support.
Passage 4
难度
E-sports, or electronic sports, are competitive video gaming. They have grown from a hobby into a global phenomenon, with professional players, big tournaments, and millions of fans.
Professional e-sports players compete in games like League of Legends, Dota 2, and Fortnite. They practice for hours every day, working on their skills and teamwork. Tournaments can have prize money of over $10 million, and the biggest events are watched by millions of people online and in stadiums.
Some people argue that e-sports are not real sports because they don't require physical activity. However, professional players say they need strong hand-eye coordination, quick reflexes, and mental stamina. "Playing e-sports professionally is as demanding as any physical sport," said Zhang Yiming, a 22-year-old e-sports player. "We train 12 hours a day, and the pressure to win is intense."
E-sports are also becoming recognized by educational institutions. Some universities in the US and China now offer scholarships for e-sports players. They have teams that compete against other schools, just like football or basketball teams.
Despite their popularity, e-sports face criticism. Some parents worry that excessive gaming is bad for children's health and schoolwork. Experts advise balancing gaming with physical exercise and other activities.
13.What are e-sports
A. Sports played on computers.
B. Competitive video gaming.
C. Games for children.
D. Physical sports with electronic equipment.
14.What skills do e-sports players need
A. Strong muscles and endurance.
B. Hand-eye coordination and quick reflexes.
C. Singing and dancing abilities.
D. Knowledge of computer programming.
15.Why do some people not consider e-sports real sports
A. They are not popular enough.
B. They don't require physical activity.
C. They are too easy to play.
D. They are only played by young people.
16.What is a concern about e-sports
A. Not enough people watch them.
B. They are too expensive to play.
C. Excessive gaming can harm children's health.
D. There are no tournaments for professional players.
答案解析
答案：B
解析：文章开头指出 “E-sports, or electronic sports, are competitive video gaming.”，即电子竞技是竞争性的视频游戏，所以选 B。
重点词汇：competitive（竞争性的）；video gaming（视频游戏）
答案：B
解析：根据 “However, professional players say they need strong hand-eye coordination, quick reflexes, and mental stamina.” 可知，电子竞技选手需要手眼协调和快速反应能力，所以选 B。
重点词汇：hand-eye coordination（手眼协调）；reflexes（反应能力）；stamina（耐力）
答案：B
解析：文中说 “Some people argue that e-sports are not real sports because they don't require physical activity.”，即有人认为电子竞技不是真正的运动是因为不需要体力活动，所以选 B。
重点词汇：physical activity（体力活动）
答案：C
解析：根据 “Some parents worry that excessive gaming is bad for children's health and schoolwork.” 可知，电子竞技存在的问题是过度游戏可能危害儿童健康，所以选 C。
重点词汇：excessive（过度的）；harm（危害）
重点词汇及句式总结：
phenomenon（现象）；
professional（职业的）；
tournament（锦标赛）；
scholarship（奖学金）；
criticism（批评）
“They have grown from... into... with... and...”（它们从…… 发展成……，有…… 和……）：
They have grown from a hobby into a global phenomenon, with professional players, big tournaments, and millions of fans.
“Some people argue that... because... However, ... say they need...”（一些人认为…… 因为…… 然而，…… 说他们需要……）：
Some people argue that e-sports are not real sports because they don't require physical activity. However, professional players say they need strong hand-eye coordination...
Passage 5
难度
The body positivity movement has gained popularity in recent years, encouraging people to accept and love their bodies, regardless of shape or size. However, a new idea called body neutrality is emerging as an alternative.
Body neutrality focuses on respecting and caring for your body, rather than loving every part of it. It acknowledges that your worth is not based on your appearance. "Body positivity can feel pressure to 'love' your body all the time, which is not always possible," said Emma, a health blogger. "Body neutrality is more realistic—it's about saying, 'My body is here for me, and I'll take care of it.'"
Practicing body neutrality means focusing on what your body can do, not how it looks. For example, instead of thinking, "I hate my legs," you might think, "My legs help me walk, run, and dance." It's about gratitude for your body's abilities, not its appearance.
Experts say body neutrality can reduce anxiety about looks. In a world that often judges people based on their appearance, it's a way to free yourself from those pressures. "It's not about ignoring your body," said Dr. Kim, a therapist. "It's about valuing it for its functions, not its beauty."
Many teenagers find body neutrality helpful. "I used to feel bad about my height," said Jake, 16. "Now I think about how my body lets me play basketball and climb mountains. That makes me feel good."
17.What is body neutrality
A. Loving every part of your body.
B. Focusing on your body's appearance.
C. Respecting your body for its abilities.
D. Trying to change your body's shape.
18.Why does Emma prefer body neutrality to body positivity
A. It is more popular.
B. It feels less pressured.
C. It focuses only on beauty.
D. It is harder to practice.
19.What is an example of practicing body neutrality
A. Complaining about your weight.
B. Focusing on how your legs help you move.
C. Comparing your body to others'.
D. Trying to lose weight to look better.
20.How can body neutrality help teenagers
A. It reduces anxiety about their appearance.
B. It makes them want to exercise more.
C. It helps them lose weight quickly.
D. It makes them popular at school.
答案解析
答案：C
解析：文中提到 “Body neutrality focuses on respecting and caring for your body, rather than loving every part of it... It's about gratitude for your body's abilities, not its appearance.”，即身体中立是尊重身体的能力，所以选 C。
重点词汇：gratitude（感激）；abilities（能力）
答案：B
解析：根据 “'Body positivity can feel pressure to 'love' your body all the time, which is not always possible,' said Emma... 'Body neutrality is more realistic...'” 可知，艾玛更喜欢身体中立是因为压力更小，所以选 B。
重点词汇：pressure（压力）；realistic（现实的）
答案：B
解析：文中说 “Practicing body neutrality means focusing on what your body can do... instead of thinking, 'I hate my legs,' you might think, 'My legs help me walk, run, and dance.'”，即关注腿部的运动功能是身体中立的例子，所以选 B。
重点词汇：focus on（关注）；function（功能）
答案：A
解析：根据 “Experts say body neutrality can reduce anxiety about looks... Many teenagers find body neutrality helpful.” 可知，身体中立能帮助青少年减少对外貌的焦虑，所以选 A。
重点词汇：reduce anxiety（减少焦虑）；appearance（外貌）
重点词汇及句式总结：
body positivity（身体积极）；
alternative（替代方案）；
self-worth（自我价值）；
gratitude（感激）；
therapist（治疗师）
“... has gained popularity in recent years, encouraging people to... regardless of...”（…… 近年来越来越受欢迎，鼓励人们…… 不管……）：
The body positivity movement has gained popularity in recent years, encouraging people to accept and love their bodies, regardless of shape or size.
“It's about... not about...”（它是关于…… 而不是关于……）：
It's about gratitude for your body's abilities, not its appearance./ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
Unit 3 Sports and fitness阅读理解精练
目录
基础篇
Passage 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Passage 2 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2
Passage 3 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
Passage 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
拔高篇
Passage 1 --------------------------------------------------------------------- 6
Passage 2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------7
Passage 3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------8
Passage 4 ---------------------------------------------------------------------10
Passage 5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------11
基础篇
Passage 1
难度
School sports days are a long-standing tradition in many countries. They are a time when students can compete in various sports, show their skills, and build team spirit.
At Greenfield High School, the annual sports day takes place in October. Students can choose from events like sprinting, long jump, high jump, and relay races. There are also team games such as tug-of-war and basketball matches. Teachers and parents come to watch and cheer for the students.
One of the most popular events is the 100-meter sprint. This year, Lily, a Grade 10 student, won the girls' race. "I've been practicing every morning before school," she said. "It feels great to win, but it's even more fun to compete with my friends."
Sports day is not just about winning. Many students enjoy taking part even if they don't win. "I joined the long jump even though I'm not very good at it," said Tom, a Grade 9 student. "It was exciting to try something new and get support from my classmates."
Teachers say sports day helps students develop important values. "It teaches them about teamwork, perseverance, and respecting others," said Mr. Brown, the PE teacher. "These are skills that will help them in life, not just in sports."
When does the sports day at Greenfield High School happen
A. In September.
B. In October.
C. In November.
D. In December.
Which event is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Sprinting.
B. Swimming.
C. Long jump.
D. Relay races.
What did Lily do to prepare for the 100-meter sprint
A. She practiced every morning.
B. She joined a special training camp.
C. She asked her parents for help.
D. She studied different running techniques.
What do teachers think is the value of sports day
A. It helps students get better grades.
B. It teaches students important life skills.
C. It makes students more competitive.
D. It encourages students to join sports clubs.
Passage 2
难度
Yoga is an ancient practice that originated in India. It combines physical postures, breathing exercises, and meditation. Today, it is popular all over the world as a way to stay healthy and reduce stress.
There are many different types of yoga. Hatha yoga is good for beginners because it focuses on basic postures and slow movements. Vinyasa yoga is more active, with sequences of movements that flow together. Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room to help loosen muscles.
Practicing yoga has many benefits. It improves flexibility and strength. Many people find that it helps with anxiety and helps them sleep better. "I started doing yoga last year to deal with stress from school," said Mia, a high school student. "Now I do it every evening, and it helps me relax before bed."
You don't need any special equipment to start doing yoga. A yoga mat is helpful, but you can even practice on a soft carpet. It's important to wear comfortable clothes and take it slowly. "Listen to your body and don't push yourself too hard," advised Ms. Lee, a yoga instructor. "Yoga is about progress, not perfection."
Where did yoga originate
A. China.
B. India.
C. Japan.
D. Thailand.
Which type of yoga is good for beginners
A. Hatha yoga.
B. Vinyasa yoga.
C. Bikram yoga.
D. Power yoga.
What benefit of yoga is NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Improving flexibility.
B. Reducing stress.
C. Helping with sleep.
D. Increasing weight.
What does Ms. Lee advise beginners to do
A. Buy expensive equipment.
B. Push themselves to try difficult postures.
C. Practice on a hard floor.
D. Take it slowly and listen to their bodies.
Passage 3
难度
Regular exercise is important for maintaining good health, but many teenagers find it hard to make time for it. With schoolwork, part-time jobs, and other activities, it's easy to put exercise aside. However, even short periods of daily exercise can make a big difference.
The World Health Organization recommends that teenagers get at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity every day. This can include activities like walking, cycling, playing sports, or dancing. Breaking it into shorter sessions is also effective—for example, 20 minutes of basketball after school, 20 minutes of cycling, and 20 minutes of dancing.
Exercise has many benefits for teenagers. It helps build strong bones and muscles, reduces the risk of illness, and improves mood. A study by the University of California found that students who exercise regularly have better concentration and get higher grades. "When I exercise, I feel more energetic and focused in class," said Jason, a 16-year-old student.
Finding an activity you enjoy is key to making exercise a habit. If you don't like running, try swimming or playing tennis. If you prefer group activities, join a sports team or a dance class. "I used to hate exercise, but then I joined a hip-hop dance club," said Sarah. "Now I look forward to it every week!"
How much exercise does the World Health Organization recommend for teenagers
A. 30 minutes a day.
B. 45 minutes a day.
C. 60 minutes a day.
D. 90 minutes a day.
What is an example of breaking exercise into shorter sessions
A. Running for 60 minutes once a week.
B. Doing 20 minutes of three different activities.
C. Playing basketball for 60 minutes every day.
D. Cycling for 30 minutes twice a week.
What did the University of California study find
A. Exercise helps teenagers sleep better.
B. Exercising students have better concentration.
C. Exercise increases the risk of injury.
D. Teenagers who exercise are taller.
What is the key to making exercise a habit
A. Choosing an activity you enjoy.
B. Exercising for 60 minutes every day.
C. Only doing exercise on weekends.
D. Competing with friends to win.
Passage 4
难度
Martial arts are more than just ways to fight—they are practices that teach discipline, respect, and self-control. There are many different styles, each with its own history and techniques.
Karate, which comes from Japan, focuses on strikes with the hands and feet. Students learn to punch and kick with strength and precision. Taekwondo, a Korean martial art, is known for its high kicks and fast movements. It is an Olympic sport and emphasizes speed and agility.
In China, kung fu includes a variety of styles, from the powerful moves of Shaolin kung fu to the graceful movements of tai chi. Kung fu is not just about physical strength; it also teaches mental focus and harmony between the body and mind.
Many teenagers take martial arts classes to learn self-defense, but they gain more than that. "Karate has taught me to stay calm in difficult situations," said Kevin, who has been practicing for three years. "I used to get angry easily, but now I know how to control my emotions."
Instructors stress that martial arts are about self-improvement, not violence. "We teach students to respect their opponents and never use their skills to hurt others," said Master Chen, a kung fu instructor. "The true spirit of martial arts is to protect, not attack."
What is karate known for
A. High kicks and speed.
B. Strikes with hands and feet.
C. Graceful movements.
D. Weapon training.
Which martial art is an Olympic sport
A. Karate.
B. Tai chi.
C. Taekwondo.
D. Shaolin kung fu.
What else do teenagers learn from martial arts besides self-defense
A. How to win fights.
B. Discipline and self-control.
C. How to become famous.
D. Traditional dances.
What is the true spirit of martial arts according to Master Chen
A. To attack when threatened.
B. To become stronger than others.
C. To protect, not attack.
D. To win competitions.
拔高篇
Passage 1
难度
The Olympics are the world's biggest sports event, bringing together athletes from over 200 countries. The modern Olympics started in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and have a long history of promoting peace and unity through sports.
There are two main types of Olympics: the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics, held every four years, alternating every two years. The Summer Olympics include sports like swimming, athletics, and gymnastics, while the Winter Olympics feature ice hockey, skiing, and figure skating.
Athletes who compete in the Olympics spend years training. They must qualify for their national teams by performing well in international competitions. For many, just being in the Olympics is a dream come true, even if they don't win a medal. "Representing my country is the greatest honor," said Maria, a gymnast from Brazil.
The Olympics are not without challenges. Hosting the games costs a lot of money, and some countries struggle to afford the facilities. There have also been issues with doping, where athletes use banned drugs to improve their performance. The International Olympic Committee works hard to prevent this and keep the games fair.
Despite these challenges, the Olympics remain a symbol of hope. They show that people from different countries can come together to compete in friendship. As the Olympic motto says: "Faster, Higher, Stronger—Together."
When and where did the modern Olympics start
A. 1896 in Rome, Italy.
B. 1896 in Athens, Greece.
C. 1900 in Paris, France.
D. 1904 in St. Louis, USA.
What is the difference between the Summer and Winter Olympics
A. The Summer Olympics are bigger.
B. The Winter Olympics are held every two years.
C. They feature different sports.
D. Only the Summer Olympics have gymnastics.
What do athletes need to do to compete in the Olympics
A. Win a national championship.
B. Qualify through international competitions.
C. Be the youngest in their sport.
D. Pay a large fee to join.
What is a challenge the Olympics face
A. Too many athletes wanting to compete.
B. High costs and doping issues.
C. Not enough countries participating.
D. Lack of media coverage.
Passage 2
难度
Para sports, or Paralympic sports, are sports for athletes with physical disabilities. They show that disability does not stop people from achieving amazing things in sports.
The Paralympic Games are held right after the Olympic Games, using the same facilities. Athletes compete in many of the same sports as the Olympics, such as swimming, track and field, and basketball. There are also unique sports like wheelchair rugby and goalball, which are designed specifically for disabled athletes.
One inspiring Paralympic athlete is Sarah Storey from Great Britain. She was born without a left hand but has won medals in both cycling and swimming. "My disability has never held me back," she said. "It's just part of who I am. What matters is how hard I work and how much I want to succeed."
Para sports have come a long way. In the early days, they were seen as therapy for disabled soldiers. Now, they are taken just as seriously as able-bodied sports. More people are watching the Paralympics, and athletes are becoming role models for people around the world.
These athletes teach us an important lesson: limits are often in our minds. With determination and hard work, anyone can achieve their dreams.
What are para sports
A. Sports for children.
B. Sports for athletes with physical disabilities.
C. Sports played only in winter.
D. Sports that are not part of the Olympics.
When are the Paralympic Games held
A. Before the Olympic Games.
B. At the same time as the Olympics.
C. Right after the Olympic Games.
D. Every two years instead of four.
What makes Sarah Storey inspiring
A. She has won medals in two different sports.
B. She was born with no hands.
C. She coaches other disabled athletes.
D. She invented wheelchair rugby.
How have para sports changed over time
A. They are now only for soldiers.
B. They are taken as seriously as able-bodied sports.
C. They are no longer part of the Olympic movement.
D. They are played in separate facilities.
Passage 3
难度
Exercise is not just good for the body—it also has a powerful effect on the mind. Studies show that regular physical activity can improve mental health and well-being.
When you exercise, your brain releases chemicals called endorphins. These chemicals reduce feelings of stress and pain, and create a sense of happiness. This is why people often feel "high" after a good workout. It's sometimes called the "runner's high."
Exercise also helps with anxiety and depression. A study by Harvard University found that 30 minutes of moderate exercise three times a week is as effective as some antidepressant drugs. It helps people sleep better, which is important for mental health, and increases self-esteem. "After I started playing soccer every week, I felt less worried about school exams," said Lisa, a 17-year-old student. "I have more confidence in myself."
Team sports are especially good for mental health because they provide social support. Being part of a team helps people feel connected and reduces loneliness. Even individual sports like swimming or running can be social if you join a club or exercise with friends.
Experts recommend combining exercise with other healthy habits, like eating well and getting enough sleep, for the best mental health benefits. "Exercise is not a cure-all, but it's a great tool for maintaining good mental health," said Dr. Patel, a psychologist.
What chemicals does the brain release during exercise
A. Insulin.
B. Endorphins.
C. Cholesterol.
D. Calcium.
Why do people feel "high" after exercise
A. Because they are tired.
B. Because endorphins create happiness.
C. Because they have more energy.
D. Because they drank too much water.
What did the Harvard study find
A. Exercise is better than all drugs for depression.
B. 30 minutes of exercise three times a week helps with depression.
C. Exercise makes anxiety worse.
D. Only intense exercise helps mental health.
Why are team sports good for mental health
A. They are easier than individual sports.
B. They provide social support and reduce loneliness.
C. They always result in winning.
D. They require less effort than individual sports.
Passage 4
难度
E-sports, or electronic sports, are competitive video gaming. They have grown from a hobby into a global phenomenon, with professional players, big tournaments, and millions of fans.
Professional e-sports players compete in games like League of Legends, Dota 2, and Fortnite. They practice for hours every day, working on their skills and teamwork. Tournaments can have prize money of over $10 million, and the biggest events are watched by millions of people online and in stadiums.
Some people argue that e-sports are not real sports because they don't require physical activity. However, professional players say they need strong hand-eye coordination, quick reflexes, and mental stamina. "Playing e-sports professionally is as demanding as any physical sport," said Zhang Yiming, a 22-year-old e-sports player. "We train 12 hours a day, and the pressure to win is intense."
E-sports are also becoming recognized by educational institutions. Some universities in the US and China now offer scholarships for e-sports players. They have teams that compete against other schools, just like football or basketball teams.
Despite their popularity, e-sports face criticism. Some parents worry that excessive gaming is bad for children's health and schoolwork. Experts advise balancing gaming with physical exercise and other activities.
What are e-sports
A. Sports played on computers.
B. Competitive video gaming.
C. Games for children.
D. Physical sports with electronic equipment.
What skills do e-sports players need
A. Strong muscles and endurance.
B. Hand-eye coordination and quick reflexes.
C. Singing and dancing abilities.
D. Knowledge of computer programming.
Why do some people not consider e-sports real sports
A. They are not popular enough.
B. They don't require physical activity.
C. They are too easy to play.
D. They are only played by young people.
What is a concern about e-sports
A. Not enough people watch them.
B. They are too expensive to play.
C. Excessive gaming can harm children's health.
D. There are no tournaments for professional players.
Passage 5
难度
The body positivity movement has gained popularity in recent years, encouraging people to accept and love their bodies, regardless of shape or size. However, a new idea called body neutrality is emerging as an alternative.
Body neutrality focuses on respecting and caring for your body, rather than loving every part of it. It acknowledges that your worth is not based on your appearance. "Body positivity can feel pressure to 'love' your body all the time, which is not always possible," said Emma, a health blogger. "Body neutrality is more realistic—it's about saying, 'My body is here for me, and I'll take care of it.'"
Practicing body neutrality means focusing on what your body can do, not how it looks. For example, instead of thinking, "I hate my legs," you might think, "My legs help me walk, run, and dance." It's about gratitude for your body's abilities, not its appearance.
Experts say body neutrality can reduce anxiety about looks. In a world that often judges people based on their appearance, it's a way to free yourself from those pressures. "It's not about ignoring your body," said Dr. Kim, a therapist. "It's about valuing it for its functions, not its beauty."
Many teenagers find body neutrality helpful. "I used to feel bad about my height," said Jake, 16. "Now I think about how my body lets me play basketball and climb mountains. That makes me feel good."
What is body neutrality
A. Loving every part of your body.
B. Focusing on your body's appearance.
C. Respecting your body for its abilities.
D. Trying to change your body's shape.
Why does Emma prefer body neutrality to body positivity
A. It is more popular.
B. It feels less pressured.
C. It focuses only on beauty.
D. It is harder to practice.
What is an example of practicing body neutrality
A. Complaining about your weight.
B. Focusing on how your legs help you move.
C. Comparing your body to others'.
D. Trying to lose weight to look better.
How can body neutrality help teenagers
A. It reduces anxiety about their appearance.
B. It makes them want to exercise more.
C. It helps them lose weight quickly.
D. It makes them popular at school.
