《人教版 2019 选择性必修四 Unit 4 词汇读后续写遣词造句练习》
一、动作描写(“谓语动词 A, B and C” 结构)
句型
多个连续动作,用 “主语 + 谓语动词 1, 谓语动词 2 and 谓语动词 3”,按动作先后或逻辑排列,简洁呈现连贯动作流。
迁移示例
The chemist prepared the capsule, labeled the jar and handed it to the customer.(药剂师配好胶囊,给罐子贴标签,把它递给顾客。依次呈现 “配药 - 贴标签 - 递药” 连贯动作)
仿写填空
They ______ the parcel, ______ the address and ______ it at the post office.(他们打包包裹,写上地址,在邮局寄出)
The students ______ their uniforms, ______ the tablets and ______ into the classroom.(学生们穿上校服,拿起平板,走进教室)
We ______ the kettle, ______ the saucers and ______ for the guests.(我们烧开水,摆好茶杯托,等待客人)
二、动作描写(“谓语动词 + 非谓语动词(描述肢体动作 / 心理)” 结构)
句型
“主语 + 谓语动词 + 非谓语动词(现在分词 / 过去分词,体现伴随肢体动作或心理状态)”,让动作与伴随情况融合,丰富表意。
迁移示例
She walked through the dusty path, thinking about the housing problem in the village.(她走过布满灰尘的小路,想着村里的住房问题。“walked” 是谓语,“thinking about the housing problem in the village” 现在分词短语表伴随心理)
仿写填空
He sat in the shade, ______ for the result of the consultation.(他坐在阴凉处,期盼着会诊结果。用现在分词短语体现伴随心理)
The disabled man ______ the platform, ______ by the volunteers' help.(残疾人走上站台,被志愿者的帮助所鼓舞。过去分词短语表伴随状态)
They stood in the doorway, ______ the leftover food in the pan.(他们站在门口,看着平底锅里的剩菜。现在分词短语表伴随动作)
三、情绪 + 动作融合(非谓语动词(描述肢体动作)+ 句子(描述心理))
句型
先以非谓语动词(多为现在分词)呈现肢体动作,后接句子说明心理,把外在动作和内在情绪关联,让情绪表达更具画面感。
迁移示例
Wrinkling his forehead, the doctor said he prayed that the patient would recover.(医生皱着眉头,说他祈祷病人能康复。“Wrinkling his forehead” 展现肢体动作,后续句子点明祈祷的心理)
仿写填空
______ with joy, she ______ the grant and couldn't wait to share the news.(高兴地笑着,她拿到了补助金,迫不及待地想分享这个消息。非谓语体现动作,句子说明喜悦心理)
______ slowly, he ______ the rigid rules and felt helpless.(慢慢地走着,他看到了严苛的规定,感到无助。非谓语表肢体,句子表无奈心理)
______ curiously, the children ______ the bubble tube and asked how it worked.(好奇地张着嘴,孩子们看着泡泡管,问它是怎么运作的。非谓语展动作,句子表好奇心理)
四、情绪 + 神态融合(非谓语动词(描述心理)+ 句子(描述心理 + with 复合结构(神态描写))
句型
非谓语动词(如现在分词)体现心理,句子进一步阐释心理,并用 “with + 名词 + 形容词 / 现在分词” 复合结构描绘神态,多维度渲染情绪。
迁移示例
Grateful, the disabled man accepted the help with tears in his eyes.(心怀感激,残疾人接受帮助时眼里含着泪。“Grateful” 表心理,“with tears in his eyes” 复合结构描神态)
仿写填空
______, she listened to the good news with her hands ______.(惊喜地,她听着好消息,双手捂住嘴。非谓语表心理,复合结构描神态)
______, they discussed the project with their foreheads ______.(焦虑地,他们讨论着项目,眉头紧锁。非谓语体现心理,复合结构绘神态)
______, the teacher praised the students with a smile ______.(欣慰地,老师表扬学生时脸上带着笑容。非谓语表心理,复合结构描神态)
五、环境描写(形容词(描述心理)+ 句子(描述肢体动作)+ with 复合结构(神态描写))
句型
先用形容词体现人物心理,接着句子描述肢体动作,再以 “with + 名词 + 形容词 / 现在分词” 复合结构补充神态,借环境或场景关联心理、动作与神态。
迁移示例
Astonished, the traveler wandered through the dusty hut with his jaw dropping.(惊讶不已,旅行者在布满灰尘的小屋里漫步,嘴巴张着。“Astonished” 表心理,“wandered through the dusty hut” 是动作,“with his jaw dropping” 描神态)
仿写填空
______, she ______ the circus show with her eyes ______.(兴奋地,她观看马戏表演,眼睛睁得大大的。形容词表心理,句子描动作,复合结构绘神态)
______, he ______ the ripe fruits in the garden with his hands ______.(欣喜地,他看着园里成熟的水果,双手叉腰。形容词体现心理,句子表动作,复合结构描神态)
______, they ______ the old fireplace with their faces ______.(怀念地,他们看着旧壁炉,脸上带着微笑。形容词表心理,句子描动作,复合结构绘神态)
六、环境描写(形容词(视觉、听觉、嗅觉))
句型
用视觉、听觉、嗅觉相关形容词描绘环境,营造氛围,为故事添背景色彩,让读者借感官感受场景。
迁移示例
The shady courtyard, with the sound of bubbles and the smell of jasmine, was full of peace.(阴凉的庭院里,伴随着泡泡声和茉莉花香,充满了宁静。“shady”(视觉)、“sound of bubbles”(听觉)、“smell of jasmine”(嗅觉)营造氛围)
仿写填空
The ______ washroom, with the ______ of water and the ______ of soap, felt clean and fresh.(整洁的洗手间里,伴随着水流声和肥皂味,让人感觉干净清新。用视觉、听觉、嗅觉形容词 / 名词,渲染场景)
The ______ classroom, with the ______ of reading and the ______ of ink, showed a studious atmosphere.(安静的教室里,伴随着读书声和墨香,呈现出好学的氛围。借视觉、听觉、嗅觉形容词 / 名词,营造氛围)
The ______ market, with the ______ of shouts and the ______ of spices, was full of vitality.(热闹的市场里,伴随着叫卖声和香料味,充满了活力。用视觉、听觉、嗅觉形容词 / 名词,营造氛围)
七、公用高级句式(倒装结构)
句型
把谓语或谓语部分提前,如 “副词 / 介词短语 + 谓语 + 主语”,突出强调,让句子有变化、更紧凑,增强表达力度。
迁移示例
Only when the grant was approved did they start the project.(只有当补助金获批时,他们才开始这个项目。“Only when the grant was approved” 提前,引发倒装,强调条件)
仿写填空
______ did they realize the importance of the old fireplace.(直到它被拆除,他们才意识到旧壁炉的重要性。用倒装突出意识到的时机)
______ can we understand the difficulty of the disabled.(只有亲身体验,我们才能理解残疾人的难处。借倒装强调理解的方式)
______ came the announcement that the circus would open.(在铃声响起时,传来了马戏团即将开场的通知。用倒装突出通知出现的情境)
八、巧用修辞手法(比喻)
句型
用 “像…… 一样”(like)、“仿佛……”(as if)等,把事物比作另一类事物,让描述生动形象、具体可感。
迁移示例
The tablet in the student's hand is like a window, showing a colorful world.(学生手里的平板像一扇窗户,展现出一个多彩的世界。把平板比作窗户,突出其信息展示功能)
仿写填空
The friendship between them was ______ that never broke.(他们之间的友谊像一条纽带,从未断裂。用比喻描绘友谊的牢固)
The ripe fruits in the garden were ______ that attracted many birds.(园里成熟的水果像宝石,吸引了许多鸟儿。借比喻展现水果的诱人)
The grant was ______ that helped the project move forward.(补助金像一股动力,帮助项目推进。用比喻体现补助金的作用)
九、巧用修辞手法(拟人)
句型
把事物或抽象概念当作人,赋予人的动作、情感、神态等,让描写鲜活有趣,拉近与读者距离。
迁移示例
The old kettle has witnessed countless mornings with the family.(这只旧水壶见证了这个家庭无数个清晨。“witnessed” 赋予水壶人的动作)
仿写填空
The weeds in the yard ______ wildly, competing with the flowers for sunlight.(院子里的杂草疯狂地生长,和花争夺阳光。拟人化,赋予杂草 “生长”“争夺” 动作)
The wind ______ through the hut, whispering stories of the past.(风穿过小屋,低声诉说着过去的故事。让风 “低语”,拟人呈现)
The circuit ______ silently, ensuring the stability of the electricity.(电路静静地工作着,确保电力的稳定。赋予电路 “工作” 的拟人化行为)
十、巧用修辞手法(夸张)
句型
故意夸大或缩小事物特征、程度,突出特点,增强感染力,让读者印象深刻。
迁移示例
The line at the post office was so long that it seemed to reach the street corner.(邮局的队伍太长了,仿佛一直延伸到街角。夸张突出队伍之长)
仿写填空
The heat in the room was so intense that ______ could barely breathe.(房间里热得让人几乎喘不过气。夸张渲染热度之高)
His excitement at winning the prize was so great that ______ all night.(他获奖的兴奋劲儿太大了,整夜都没合眼。夸张体现兴奋的程度)
The amount of leftover food was so large that ______ a small army.(剩菜的数量太多了,足够一支小军队吃。夸张突出数量之多)《人教版 2019 选择性必修四 Unit 4 词汇读后续写遣词造句练习答案》
一、动作描写(“谓语动词 A, B and C” 结构)
packed, wrote, posted(他们打包包裹,写上地址,在邮局寄出)
put on, took, walked(学生们穿上校服,拿起平板,走进教室)
boiled, arranged, waited(我们烧开水,摆好茶杯托,等待客人)
二、动作描写(“谓语动词 + 非谓语动词(描述肢体动作 / 心理)” 结构)
hoping(他坐在阴凉处,期盼着会诊结果)
climbed, encouraged(残疾人走上站台,被志愿者的帮助所鼓舞)
watching(他们站在门口,看着平底锅里的剩菜)
三、情绪 + 动作融合(非谓语动词(描述肢体动作)+ 句子(描述心理))
Smiling, received(高兴地笑着,她拿到了补助金,迫不及待地想分享这个消息)
Walking, saw(慢慢地走着,他看到了严苛的规定,感到无助)
Staring, watched(好奇地张着嘴,孩子们看着泡泡管,问它是怎么运作的)
四、情绪 + 神态融合(非谓语动词(描述心理)+ 句子(描述心理 + with 复合结构(神态描写))
Surprised, covering her mouth(惊喜地,她听着好消息,双手捂住嘴)
Anxiously, frowned(焦虑地,他们讨论着项目,眉头紧锁)
Relieved, on her face(欣慰地,老师表扬学生时脸上带着笑容)
五、环境描写(形容词(描述心理)+ 句子(描述肢体动作)+ with 复合结构(神态描写))
Excited, watched, wide open(兴奋地,她观看马戏表演,眼睛睁得大大的)
Delighted, looked at, on his hips(欣喜地,他看着园里成熟的水果,双手叉腰)
Nostalgic, stared at, smiling(怀念地,他们看着旧壁炉,脸上带着微笑)
六、环境描写(形容词(视觉、听觉、嗅觉))
tidy, sound, smell(整洁的洗手间里,伴随着水流声和肥皂味,让人感觉干净清新)
quiet, sound, smell(安静的教室里,伴随着读书声和墨香,呈现出好学的氛围)
bustling, sound, smell(热闹的市场里,伴随着叫卖声和香料味,充满了活力)
七、公用高级句式(倒装结构)
Only when it was demolished(直到它被拆除,他们才意识到旧壁炉的重要性)
Only by experiencing it personally(只有亲身体验,我们才能理解残疾人的难处)
When the bell rang(在铃声响起时,传来了马戏团即将开场的通知)
八、巧用修辞手法(比喻)
like a bond(他们之间的友谊像一条纽带,从未断裂)
like gems(园里成熟的水果像宝石,吸引了许多鸟儿)
like a driving force(补助金像一股动力,帮助项目推进)
九、巧用修辞手法(拟人)
grow(院子里的杂草疯狂地生长,和花争夺阳光)
blows(风穿过小屋,低声诉说着过去的故事)
works(电路静静地工作着,确保电力的稳定)
十、巧用修辞手法(夸张)
people(房间里热得让人几乎喘不过气)
he stayed awake(他获奖的兴奋劲儿太大了,整夜都没合眼)
it could feed(剩菜的数量太多了,足够一支小军队吃)