一轮复习之话题太空探索
I.核心单词
signal vt.& vi.标志着;标明;发信号 n. 信号;标志
(1)give signals/a signal to sb 向某人发信号
a danger/warning/traffic signal 危险/警告/交通信号
(2)signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事
signal (that)… 示意……
(1)单句填空/熟词生义
①A police car drew alongside ours and signalled us (stop).
②This signalled one step further in China’s plan to establish a space station in the future.
(2)完成句子
③I still kept running on when thunderous applause burst out, (这标志着冠军的诞生). (定语从句)
attach vt.系,绑,贴;认为有重要性,重视;附上
(1)attach…to… 把……固定/附在……上
attach importance/significance/value, etc.to sth 认为……有重要性/意义/价值等
(2)attached adj. 依恋;附属于
be attached to 附属于;依恋
(3)attachment n. 附件,附属物;依恋,爱慕
温馨提示: attach…to…中的to为介词,其后跟名词、动名词等。
(1)单句填空/熟词生义
①After graduation, he has been working in a hospital, which (attach)to the medical college nearby.
②Once you have decided to take part, please fill in the (attach) application form and send it to me.
③In my opinion, more importance should be attached to (develop) students’ ability to solve problems.
④Emma had never taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to human beings.
(2)完成句子
⑤Faithful to the original, this adapted version , from which you can have a better understanding of traditional Chinese culture.
忠实于原著,这个改编的版本非常重视细节,从中你可以更好地了解中国传统文化。
lack n.缺乏;短缺 vt.没有;缺乏
(1)lack sth 缺少某物
(2)a lack of… 缺少……
for lack of… 因为缺少……
(3)lacking adj. 缺少的;没有的
be lacking in sth 缺少(某种素质)
(1)单句填空
①Later, he worked in Africa, where many people suffered from blindness
lack of proper treatment.
②With the exam around the corner, she felt nervous, increasingly (lack) in confidence in herself.
③Emma says it’s challenging to be a health expert, because people can be easily influenced by advertisements (lack) scientific support.
(2)完成句子/一句多译
④For one thing, teenagers have more difficulty in getting along with others , thus making them feel lonely. (应用文写作之现象分析)
首先,青少年由于缺乏时间而更难与他人相处,从而使他们感到孤独。
⑤尽管这对双胞胎缺乏烹饪经验, 但他们通过上网寻求建议来弥补。
→Though they ,the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for advice.
→Though ,the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for advice. (用省略句)
disappointed adj.失望的;沮丧的
(1)be disappointed with/in sb 对某人失望
be disappointed at sth 对某事失望
be disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望
(2)disappoint v. 使……失望
(3)disappointing adj. 令人失望的
(4)disappointment n. 失望
to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是
(1)单句填空
①The city was crowded with (disappoint) people with no interest in settling down.
②As the twins looked around them in (disappoint), their father appeared.
③The next day, we got a (disappoint) message that another buyer had offered a much higher price.
(2)完成句子/句式改写
④Three weeks passed, no reply from LA. My son (失望地叹了口气) when carefully checking the mail box.(读后续写之情绪描写)
⑤To their disappointment, they failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.
→ was that they failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.(用what主语从句)
→They failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt, .(用which定语从句)
desire n.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望
(1)have a desire for sth 渴望……
have a desire to do sth 渴望做某事
(2)desire (sb) to do sth 渴望(某人)做某事
desire that…(should) do sth 渴望……做某事(宾语从句)
(3)desirable adj. 可取的;合意的
温馨提示: desire 后跟宾语从句、同位语从句或表语从句时,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气形式,即“(should+)动词原形”。
(1)单句填空
①When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my (desire) research direction.
②Driven by a burning desire________adventure and travel, Li Bai left home and started to travel around in his early twenties.
③We surely desire that we (should) (inform) immediately of any change in the travel schedules by the tour leader.
(2)完成句子/一句多译
④Additionally, I the development and construction of our country by using my professional knowledge. (应用文写作之个人优势)
此外,我还强烈希望利用自己的专业知识致力于国家的发展和建设。
⑤经过多年的艰苦训练,他渴望在下一届奥运会上赢得一枚金牌。
→After many years’ hard training, he in the next Olympic Games. (用不定式)
→After many years’ hard training, he in the next Olympic Games. (用从句)
II.核心短语
result in 导致;造成
(1)result from… 由……引起
(2)as a result 结果是,因此
as a result of… 由于……
温馨提示: result in的近义词(组)有cause, bring about, lead to, contribute to。
(1)短语填空
①The new report notes that a large majority of wildfires human activities.
②[外研选修四] The weekly conversations between Mitch and Morrie a series of lessons on the meaning of life and how best to live it.
③All singers kept together. , their performance was successful.
(2)完成句子
④What concerns parents most is that children become addicted to their computer screens and unwilling to exercise, thus_______such as obesity.父母最担心的是孩子们过分沉溺于电脑屏幕,不愿意运动,结果导致肥胖等问题。
run out 用完;耗尽
run out of 用光,耗尽
run across 不期而遇
run after 追逐;追求
run into 偶然遇见
[易混辨析]
run out与run out of
run out sth run out=sth give out 不可用于被动语态,其主语一般为物
run out of sb run out of sth=sb use up sth多用于完成时态和进行时态,其主语一般是人
(1)短语填空
①The policemen are a prisoner who escaped last night.
②If you travel alone in the forest, you may danger.
③She an old friend of hers on the way to the station.
④Rescue efforts are still under way, but time is .
(2)完成句子/句式升级
⑤The figures show that students are wasting so much, which will have a bad effect on the earth, because .(应用文写作之图表类)
数据显示,由于地球上的资源正在耗尽,学生们正在浪费如此多的资源,这将对地球产生不良影响。
⑥Our gas , so we have to find the nearest expressway service station to add some.
→ , we have to find the nearest expressway service station to add some.(用with复合结构)
我们的汽油快用完了,所以我们得找最近的高速公路服务区加油。
III.核心句型
句型1: the first/last/best/right/only/very…+n. +to do sth
第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适/唯一/恰好……做某事的……
Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. 后来,苏联专注于把人送入太空,1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。
句中不定式修饰the first person,作后置定语。以下情况中常用不定式作后置定语:
1.被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时;
2.不定代词something, nothing, little等后常用不定式作定语;
3.抽象名词time, way, reason, chance, ability, courage, opportunity, wish等后常用不定式作定语;
4.被修饰词前有the only, the very, the next等词对其进行修饰时;
5.表示将要发生的动作时(既有主动形式,又有被动形式)。
(1)单句填空
①She was the first American woman (award)the Nobel Prize in Literature.
②The next morning, one of the first (arrive) was my little frostbitten boy.
(2)完成句子
③Finally, with strong will, I was , which made me so thrilled. (读后续写之场景描写)
最后,凭借坚强的意志,我第一个到达了终点线,这让我很激动。
④There will be a five-minute question-and-answer session following the lecture, and actively participate in the discussion. 讲座后将有五分钟的问答环节,让你有机会提问并积极参与讨论。
句型2: 倍数表达法
twice as high as…是一种倍数的表示方法, 意为“是……的两倍高”。
常见的倍数表示法:
(1)倍数+as+many/much+n.+as
(2)倍数+as+adj./adv.+as
(3)倍数+形容词比较级/副词比较级+than
(4)倍数+the size/length/height/depth/width/amount+of
(5)倍数+what引导的从句
The stadium is three times what it used to be.
温馨提示: 表示“两倍”时,用twice或double,三倍或三倍以上则用“基数词+times”来表达。句式中表示倍数也可用分数或百分数。
Olympus Mons, the largest volcano on Mars, is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.火星上最大的火山——奥林帕斯山大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍高。
(1)单句填空
①It’s said that the power plant is now (two) as large as what it was.
②This room is three times the (long) of the other, but much narrower.
③Over the last few decades, the Arctic has heated up two to three times (fast) than the rest of the planet.
(2)一句多译
④正在为下届亚运会而建设的新体育场将是目前这个体育场的三倍大。
→The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one. (than)
→The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one. (size)
→The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one. (as…as)
IV.语境活用
1.Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a (globe) campaign called “Run Blue”.
2.His performance at the talent show left him feeling (disappoint) and awkward as he forgot the lyrics midway through the song.
3.Hearing the loud noises, the children’s mother signaled to them (keep) quiet.
4.Mr Wang, (determine) to experience different cultures, set off for Africa last week.
5.The strong desire (become) an astronaut encourages him to study harder.
6.Though (lack) experience, he soon got higher pay by working hard.
7.On returning home, she found a note (attach) to the door, reading: “Call me later.”
8.To me, this is a very thought-provoking (argue), as it points out the benefits of online friendships.
9.As Tan once said, Chinese music should carry “ (universe) expression” of the human spirit so as to be recognized by the whole world.
10.The businesses sell the (recycle) bikes at low cost and provide repair services.
11.Through case (analyse), the essay presents a series of research findings.
12.A feeling of guilt (float) into my mind, I gathered my courage to tell her the truth.
V.词块运用
1.After separating from her husband, Konate struggled to (供养) her two young daughters.
2.We are determined to (继续做) a bitter struggle to transform the mountain area in five years.
3.We’ve nearly (用完) paper. Do you think there’s enough for today
4.When we were on the way to the airport, we heard the news that icy conditions (导致)two roads being closed.
5.Officials say investigators are trying to (弄清楚) exactly how the accident happened.
6.Many soldiers are working around the clock, digging tunnels (抱着……的希望) finding survivors.
7.As soon as we went (在船上), our ship left port.
8.You should exercise more (为了,以便) keep energetic and you can work efficiently.
Part Ⅱ 写作提升
●Ⅰ 应用文写作之活动报道
假定你是李华,你校上星期四组织同学观看了中国空间站的“天宫课堂”(Lecture from China’s Tiangong Space Station),请为你校英语校报写一篇报道介绍此项活动。内容包括:
1.活动的时间;
2.活动的内容(观看各种实验、与航天员互动等活动);
3.活动意义。
(一)谋篇布局:
Paragraph 1: 活动简介
Paragraph 2: 活动具体内容
Paragraph 3: 活动意义
(二)高级词汇及短语:
1.直播
2.各种各样的
3.与某人互动
4.在某人心里种下某事的种子
5.启迪某人做某事
6.成功
(三)高级句式翻译
1.非限制性定语从句1
A special activity called Lecture from China’s Tiangong Space Station was held last Thursday, (我们已经期待很久了).
2.非限制性定语从句2
We were lucky enough to attend this special class,______________________________________________(在这一课中机组成员直播了他们关于科学和太空的公开讲座).
3.现在分词作状语
In class, the astronauts became the “teachers in space”, (与学生们互动).
4.现在分词作状语+宾语从句
(看过了那些激动人心的场景) in the space station, I can’t help wondering (要是我成为宇航员将会怎么样).
5.现在分词作状语
This special space lecture has planted the seeds of interest in our minds, (激励我们追求我们的太空梦).
6.although引导的让步状语从句
(尽管困难和牺牲是不可避免的), our efforts will pay off in the future.
(四)连句成篇:
Unit 27 太空探索
I.核心词汇
①to stop ②标志着,表明 ③which signalled the birth of the champion
①is attached ②attached ③developing ④依恋
⑤attaches great importance to the details
①for ②lacking ③lacking ④for lack of time ⑤lacked/were lacking in cooking experience; lacking (in) cooking experience
①disappointed ②disappointment ③disappointing
④sighed with disappointment ⑤What made them disappointed/What disappointed them; which made them disappointed/which disappointed them
①desired ②for ③be informed ④have a strong desire to devote myself to ⑤desires to win a gold medal; desires that he (should) win a gold medal
II.核心短语
①result from ②result in ③As a result ④resulting in/leading to/contributing to/bringing about problems
①running after ②run into ③ran across ④running out ⑤resources of the earth are running out ⑥is running out;With our gas running out
III.句型
句型1:①to be awarded ②to arrive ③the first to reach the finish line ④which will afford you an opportunity to ask questions
句型2:①twice ②length ③faster ④three times bigger than;three times the size of;three times as big as
IV.语境活用
Ⅰ.1.global 2.disappointed 3.to keep 4.determined 5.to become 6.lacking 7.attached 8.argument
9.universal 10.recycled 11.analysis 12.floating
V.词块活用
1.provide for 2.carry on 3.run out of 4.resulted in
5.figure out 6.in the hope of 7.on board 8.so as to
VI．写作
(二)1.live stream 2.a variety of 3.interact with sb 4.plant the seeds of sth in one’s mind 5.inspire sb to do sth 6.pay off
(三)1.which we had been looking forward to for ages 2.in which crew members live streamed their public lecture on science and space 3.interacting with students 4.Having seen those thrilling scenes; what if I became an astronaut 5.inspiring us to pursue our space dreams 6.Although hardship and sacrifice can’t be avoided
(四)范文
A special activity called Lecture from China’s Tiangong Space Station was held last Thursday, which we had been looking forward to for ages.
We were lucky enough to attend this special class, in which crew members live streamed their public lecture on science and space. We watched magical phenomena in a variety of space experiments. In class, the astronauts became the “teachers in space”, interacting with students. Having seen those thrilling scenes in the space station, I can’t help wondering what if I became an astronaut.
This special space lecture has planted the seeds of interest in our minds, inspiring us to pursue our space dreams. Although hardship and sacrifice can’t be avoided, our efforts will pay off in the future.
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