中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
提能训练 [7]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·广东省四校联考)
Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along the roadside and through backyards.
In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state.It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows—forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
“Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys，” said Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45,000 animals—the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach.Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story—there are 70,000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50,000 in Vermont, and more than 30,000 in Massachusetts—all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
So, what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans.In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people—particularly birdseed.Besides, they aren't hurt by native predators, such as wolves and cougars that have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
But everyone is not thankful for the turkey boom.The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous.In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts—twice.As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
1．What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War？
A．Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B．Ted Walski's reintroduction policy and its effects.
C．Turkeys' inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D．Native predators' occupation of most parts of turkeys' range.
2．According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys？
A．Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
B．The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
C．Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people's expectations.
D．They feed on adequate food from human beings.
3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A．It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.
B．Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.
C．Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.
D．Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.
4．What is the main idea of the text？
A．America witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.
B．The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.
C．Wild turkeys' sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
D．There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
B
(2025·长沙市适应性考试)
Nothing earns attention like rarity.In the natural world, rarity is most clearly represented by the last members of a declining species.These scarce(稀少的) plants and animals are extremely valuable; they represent the final hope for preventing extinction.The efforts toward conserving rare species have made an enormous difference.In the past few decades, declines of many endangered plants and animals have been reversed (逆转)．But the attention to rarity could come at the expense of overlooking the ordinary.
If we are to conserve nature, we must maintain our focus on the familiar. Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.
There are good reasons to consider the common.A study of North American birds uncovered that we have lost three billion birds on this continent within the past two generations.
These declines include species once considered widespread and secure, like the common redpoll, whose numbers are down by 29 million and the common nighthawk, down by 26 million.The shocking losses are a reminder that the mark of a species in trouble is not rarity, but the rate of decline.
Notably, the shifts in abundance of common species can translate into sizeable shifts in ecosystem functioning.One caribou herd(北美驯鹿群), numbering hundreds of thousands, removes millions of kilograms of food for animals every year and returns nutrients to the soil in the form of millions of kilograms of animal waste.
The value of common species is not just ecological and economic, but psychological.Study after study demonstrates that encounters with the natural world improve our mental state.Losing familiar species— whether birds in our backyard or butterflies on our doorstep—is likely to shrink(收缩) such opportunities for engagement.
Rarity will always occupy a significant place in conservation.But in our pursuit of a sustainable and biodiverse future, we must avoid “the extinction of commonness”．
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph？
A．To make a survey.
B．To offer a suggestion.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To provide an example.
6．What does the example of the bird study suggest according to the text？
A．Species loss balances the ecosystem.
B．Birds return many nutrients to the soil.
C．Species' rate of decline arouses people's concern.
D．Birds are described as widespread and secure animals.
7．What can we conclude from the passage？
A．Rarity matters most in conservation.
B．Familiar species shouldn't be ignored.
C．Biodiversity results in the extinction of commonness.
D．People's physical state shrinks for sustainable development.
8．Where is this text most probably taken from？
A．A news report.
B．A health column.
C．A biology magazine.
D．A travel brochure.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·深圳市一调)
Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020.
But after realizing the monarch is an endangered species, their 1. soon turned into a serious mission.
They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 2. since the early 1990s, due to habitat 3. and widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds(马利筋草) the monarchs 4. for their main diet dangerous to eat.
So the girls teamed up with a national non-profit group to plant a native garden 5. for the monarchs.The garden grew organic milkweeds that 6. and kept the butterflies.To help 7. the locals to sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library.They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it 8. a lot.To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their 9. milkweeds for people to plant.Although the fundraising days were 10. , they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people's support.
The team has won the Silver Award for their 11. of taking care of butterflies, but they are not 12. with their work.“Our next step is to cut down on the use of 13. to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs，” said Natalie.In the award ceremony, their teacher Brian 14. , “I am so proud of them for their constant 15. .”
1．A.dream B．hobby
C．career D．decision
2．A.doubled B．aged
C．declined D．exploded
3．A.management B．assessment
C．selection D．destruction
4．A.relied on B．kept off
C．broke down D．gave away
5．A.partly B．secretly
C．rarely D．specially
6．A.attracted B．protected
C．monitored D．trapped
7．A.employ B．educate
C．force D．limit
8．A.meant B．cost
C．changed D．hurt
9．A.dry B．medical
C．healthy D．wild
10．A.pleasing B．light
C．long D．disappointing
11．A.project B．concept
C．schedule D．assignment
12．A.concerned B．connected
C．finished D．occupied
13．A.chemicals B．time
C．funds D．energy
14．A.quoted B．continued
C．replied D．commented
15．A.donations B．support
C．patience D．efforts
Ⅲ.七选五
(2024·八省八市第一次联考)
Have you ever caught a smell of something and been strongly reminded of a person or place There seems to be a deep psychological link between smells and our memory. Some research even suggests that smells can influence our cognition(认知，感知)．
1. Roja Dove，a perfumer, informed the BBC that when we are born, the olfactory bulb(嗅球), which is the area in our brain that processes smell, is empty, without pre-existing information or association. 2. When we smell an odour again, the original and unique memory comes flooding back because of the association acquired in our previous experience.
Our awareness of smells is primarily unconscious. 3. But, low-level smells are still picked up because the scent receptors(感受器) in our brain are so powerful that we unconsciously register them. In fact, various studies have found the olfactory bulb sends more neurons(神经元) to more areas of our brain than our hearing or vision.
Research suggests that the power of smell can also affect how the brain performs. 4. Mark Moss at Northumbria University's Psychology Department discovered that certain essential oils, such as peppermint, positively impact cognition, and rosemary's scent can enhance memory. He also studied lavender, which he says “tends to impair memory and slow reaction time”. But research by others has shown it to be useful in reducing pre-treatment anxiety in dental and medical situations.
5. The next time a familiar smell brings back a special memory, just remember that your nose is working wonders.
A．Why do smells take us back
B．So, don't take your nose for granted.
C．How is the sense of smell connected to your brain
D．Scents can revive memories that have been long forgotten.
E．We are not actively aware of them unless they are extremely strong.
F．This is especially true when it comes to the fragrance of essential oils.
G．Therefore, our responses to smells are learnt and highly individualized.
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·重庆巴蜀中学月考)
There was a time, not long 1. , when peace between the Pokot and the Ilchamus seemed impossible.The two communities in Kenya had spent years fighting war over cattle, land, and water—turning one of the 2. (country) most biodiverse regions into a battlefield.
In 2006 Pokot and Ilchamus elders reached an agreement.They agreed that
3. (build) unity and trust, the former enemies would work together to bring back the wildlife that their conflict helped drive out, starting 4. the Rothschild's giraffes.
The Rothschild's giraffes went extinct after decades of conflict and poaching.Eager to see these giraffes return to their homeland, the community members got to work 5. (active)．Within a year, they had established a 44,000-acre community reserve 6. both the Pokot and Ilchamus work.“It wasn't easy，” says Rebby Sebei, manager of the reserve.“But both sides were keen for change.”
In 2011 the reserve received its very 7. (one) group of Rothschild's giraffes: eight animals relocated from other areas in hopes that they'd multiply and repopulate the area.The giraffes 8. (place) on a peninsula in Lake Baringo.The species' return to Lake Baringo attracted tourists, giving the local economy 9.
much-needed boost.The relocated animals, and their babies 10. (bear) on the peninsula, became“a symbol of peace, unity, and a source of community wealth”．
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提能训练 [7]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2025·广东省四校联考)
Wild turkeys are a familiar sight throughout New Hampshire, where flocks wander along the roadside and through backyards.
In 1975, Ted Walski, the biologist for New Hampshire Fish and Game Department, released 25 turkeys from the back of his truck in Walpole, a town in the western part of the state.It was part of a reintroduction effort to bring back a species that had been wiped out in New England before the Civil War, where it used to suffer heavy blows—forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.
“Originally, I never thought it would get beyond a few thousand turkeys，” said Walski, who spent nearly 50 years working with the birds before retiring in 2019.
Instead, New Hampshire's turkey population has exploded beyond all expectations, now around 45,000 animals—the highest since the reintroduction, and probably the most the state can approach.Reintroduction efforts in neighboring states and around the country have created a similar story—there are 70,000 wild turkeys in Maine, up to 50,000 in Vermont, and more than 30,000 in Massachusetts—all of which total up to about six million animals reproducing in all states but Alaska.
So, what made the wild turkey one of the most successful wildlife reintroduction programs in American history Most likely, it's due to the bird's surprising and unexpected ability to live among humans.In the suburbs, turkeys can take advantage of edge habitat, like woods and open spaces, and dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people—particularly birdseed.Besides, they aren't hurt by native predators, such as wolves and cougars that have largely disappeared from most parts of the turkey's range.
But everyone is not thankful for the turkey boom.The infamously bold birds are troublesome, disturbing traffic and pecking at front doors, as well as potentially dangerous.In 2019, a 35-year-old pregnant woman was attacked by turkeys on the streets of Cambridge, Massachusetts—twice.As conflicts between these 20-pound birds and people are on the rise, particularly during the spring breeding season, wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.
语篇导读：本文主要介绍了因森林消失和不受限制的狩猾，火鸡在新英格兰灭绝，后来经过努力美国各州再次引入火鸡，火鸡与人类生活在一起，数量激增。但同时与人类之间产生了许多冲突。
1．What had made turkeys extinct in New England before the Civil War？
A．Disappearing forests and unrestricted hunting.
B．Ted Walski's reintroduction policy and its effects.
C．Turkeys' inability to reproduce and coexist with humans.
D．Native predators' occupation of most parts of turkeys' range.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It was...suffer heavy blows—forests vanished for unknown reasons and people got their own way to hunt.”可知，火鸡在新英格兰灭绝的主要原因是森林的无故消失和不受限制的狩猎。故选A。
2．According to the text, which of the following statements is true about wild turkeys？
A．Their explosive population is completely out of the control of New Hampshire.
B．The number of wild turkeys amounts to around six million in Alaska.
C．Their abilities to reproduce fall short of people's expectations.
D．They feed on adequate food from human beings.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“In the suburbs, turkeys...dine on a never-ending buffet of food provided by people—particularly birdseed.”可知，火鸡是以人类提供的充足的食物为食，此处固定短语dine on与D项中的feed on语义相近。故选D。
3．What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A．It is urgent to protect wild turkeys from being attacked.
B．Turkeys are posing a potential threat to natural environment.
C．Nobody appreciates the increase in turkeys due to their evil deeds.
D．Measures will be taken to tackle conflicts between turkeys and humans.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As conflicts between...wildlife officials are trying to cope with the reality that the turkey is here to stay.”可推知，人们将采取措施解决人类与火鸡之间的冲突。故选D。
4．What is the main idea of the text？
A．America witnesses a turkey boom but not all appreciate it.
B．The wildlife reintroduction program of wild turkeys is quite successful.
C．Wild turkeys' sharp increase does harm to human beings and environment.
D．There is a contradictory relationship between wild turkeys and human beings.
解析：A 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据最后一段中的“But everyone is not thankful for...potentially dangerous.”可知，内战前森林的消失和不受限制的狩猎使火鸡在新英格兰地区灭绝，经过努力，火鸡在美国很多州重新激增起来，但如今火鸡与人类一起生活也产生了许多冲突。由此可知，A项(美国见证了火鸡的激增，但并不是所有人都欢迎它。)符合本文主旨。故选A。
B
(2025·长沙市适应性考试)
Nothing earns attention like rarity.In the natural world, rarity is most clearly represented by the last members of a declining species.These scarce(稀少的) plants and animals are extremely valuable; they represent the final hope for preventing extinction.The efforts toward conserving rare species have made an enormous difference.In the past few decades, declines of many endangered plants and animals have been reversed (逆转)．But the attention to rarity could come at the expense of overlooking the ordinary.
If we are to conserve nature, we must maintain our focus on the familiar. Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.
There are good reasons to consider the common.A study of North American birds uncovered that we have lost three billion birds on this continent within the past two generations.
These declines include species once considered widespread and secure, like the common redpoll, whose numbers are down by 29 million and the common nighthawk, down by 26 million.The shocking losses are a reminder that the mark of a species in trouble is not rarity, but the rate of decline.
Notably, the shifts in abundance of common species can translate into sizeable shifts in ecosystem functioning.One caribou herd(北美驯鹿群), numbering hundreds of thousands, removes millions of kilograms of food for animals every year and returns nutrients to the soil in the form of millions of kilograms of animal waste.
The value of common species is not just ecological and economic, but psychological.Study after study demonstrates that encounters with the natural world improve our mental state.Losing familiar species— whether birds in our backyard or butterflies on our doorstep—is likely to shrink(收缩) such opportunities for engagement.
Rarity will always occupy a significant place in conservation.But in our pursuit of a sustainable and biodiverse future, we must avoid “the extinction of commonness”．
语篇导读：文章介绍了过去几十年来对稀有物种的保护取得了巨大成功，但是与此同时我们不能忽视对普通物种的保护，并强调了保护普通物种的重要性。
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph？
A．To make a survey.
B．To offer a suggestion.
C．To introduce the topic.
D．To provide an example.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“These scarce(稀少的) plants and animals are extremely valuable; they represent the final hope for preventing extinction.The efforts toward conserving rare species have made an enormous difference.”可知，文章开头首先肯定了我们对稀有物种的保护和取得的成就，但最后一句“But the attention to rarity could come at the expense of overlooking the ordinary.”将话题由对稀有物种的保护转向对普通物种的忽视；再结合第二段中的“Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.”可知，关注并保护普通物种是本文的主题，所以第一段的目的是引入话题。故选C。
6．What does the example of the bird study suggest according to the text？
A．Species loss balances the ecosystem.
B．Birds return many nutrients to the soil.
C．Species' rate of decline arouses people's concern.
D．Birds are described as widespread and secure animals.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“There are good reasons to consider the common.”和第四段“These declines include species once considered widespread and secure, like...The shocking losses are a reminder that the mark of a species in trouble is not rarity, but the rate of decline.”可推知，对普通鸟类研究的这些例子表明这些物种的减少速度令人震惊，引起了人们的担忧。故选C。
7．What can we conclude from the passage？
A．Rarity matters most in conservation.
B．Familiar species shouldn't be ignored.
C．Biodiversity results in the extinction of commonness.
D．People's physical state shrinks for sustainable development.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Notably, the shifts in abundance of common species can translate into sizeable shifts in ecosystem functioning.”和第六段中的“The value of common species is not just ecological and economic, but psychological.”以及最后一段中的“we must avoid ‘the extinction of commonness’”可推知，普通物种有生态、经济和心理上的价值，不应该被忽视。故选B。
8．Where is this text most probably taken from？
A．A news report.
B．A health column.
C．A biology magazine.
D．A travel brochure.
解析：C 文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“If we are to conserve nature, we must maintain our focus on the familiar.Increasingly, conservation is turning its sights in this direction—to safeguard what is common, not just what is rare.”和最后一段“Rarity will always occupy a significant place in conservation.But in our pursuit of a sustainable and biodiverse future, we must avoid ‘the extinction of commonness’．”可推知，本文论述在物种保护中保护普通物种的重要性，与生物学相关，所以最可能出自生物学杂志。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2024·深圳市一调)
Natalie and Callie, both 13 years old, started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020.
But after realizing the monarch is an endangered species, their 1. soon turned into a serious mission.
They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 2. since the early 1990s, due to habitat 3. and widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds(马利筋草) the monarchs 4. for their main diet dangerous to eat.
So the girls teamed up with a national non-profit group to plant a native garden 5. for the monarchs.The garden grew organic milkweeds that 6. and kept the butterflies.To help 7. the locals to sustain the monarch population, they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library.They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town, but it 8. a lot.To cover the expense, they set up a stand at the Farmers Market to sell their 9. milkweeds for people to plant.Although the fundraising days were 10. , they finally succeeded in earning enough money with their hard work and people's support.
The team has won the Silver Award for their 11. of taking care of butterflies, but they are not 12. with their work.“Our next step is to cut down on the use of 13. to guarantee a safe environment for the monarchs，” said Natalie.In the award ceremony, their teacher Brian 14. , “I am so proud of them for their constant 15. .”
语篇导读：文章讲述了两个13岁的女孩纳塔莉和考利从养帝王蝶的业余爱好到致力于保护帝王蝶的故事，她们的项目最终获奖且受到好评。
1．A.dream B．hobby
C．career D．decision
解析：B 根据上文“for fun”可知，起初她们养帝王蝶是为了好玩，即养帝王蝶是她们的业余爱好，后来才变成了她们的任务。hobby意为“业余爱好”，符合语境。dream梦想；career事业；decision决定。故选B。
2．A.doubled B．aged
C．declined D．exploded
解析：C 根据第二段中的“the monarch is an endangered species”和下文的“widespread use of chemicals... their main diet dangerous to eat”可知，帝王蝶已经是濒危物种，数量应该是减少了的。decline意为“减少，下降”，符合语境。double(使)加倍；age变老；explode爆炸。故选C。
3．A.management B．assessment
C．selection D．destruction
解析：D 设空处与and后的名词短语“widespread use of chemicals”并列；再结合第二段提到帝王蝶是濒危物种并结合选项可知，此处指由于栖息地的破坏和化学物质的广泛使用，帝王蝶的数量已经下降。destruction 意为“破坏”，符合语境。management管理；assessment评估；selection选择。故选D。
4．A.relied on B．kept off
C．broke down D．gave away
解析：A 根据本句的“the milkweeds(马利筋草) the monarchs 4 for their main diet”可知，该空是定语从句的谓语，从句修饰先行词the milkweeds；再根据diet 可知，此处指帝王蝶所依赖的主要食物马利筋草。rely on 意为“依赖”，符合语境。keep off(使)让开；break down使分解；give away捐赠。故选A。
5．A.partly B．secretly
C．rarely D．specially
解析：D 根据下文的“The garden grew organic milkweeds”可知，这个本土花园种植帝王蝶的主要食物马利筋草，由此可得出这是专门为帝王蝶种植的本土花园。specially意为“尤其，专门地”，符合语境。partly 部分地；secretly秘密地；rarely很少。故选D。
6．A.attracted B．protected
C．monitored D．trapped
解析：A 本空位于that引导的定语从句中。根据上文及“and kept the butterflies”可知，设空处与kept是并列关系，此处应是指吸引并饲养帝王蝶。attract意为“吸引”，符合语境。protect保护；monitor监视；trap使落入险境。故选A。
7．A.employ B．educate
C．force D．limit
解析：B 根据下文的“they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the local library”可知，她们举办关于帝王蝶的展览的目的是教育当地人保护帝王蝶，呼应下文的“They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town”。educate 意为“教育”，符合语境。employ雇用；force迫使；limit限制。故选B。
8．A.meant B．cost
C．changed D．hurt
解析：B 根据上文中的“but”可知，此处与上一分句是转折关系，表示张贴教育标识有困难；再根据下文中的“To cover the expense”可知是费用太高。cost意为“花费”，符合语境。mean 意味着；change改变；hurt伤害。故选B。
9．A.dry B．medical
C．healthy D．wild
解析：C 根据第三段最后的“dangerous”和第四段第二句中的“organic”可知，此处应表示把健康的马利筋草卖给人们。healthy意为“健康的”，符合语境。dry干燥的；medical医学的；wild野生的。故选C。
10．A.pleasing B．light
C．long D．disappointing
解析：C 根据空前的“Although”和下文的“finally succeeded in earning enough money”可知，此处应该是指募捐的日子很漫长(辛苦)。long 意为“漫长的”，符合语境。pleasing令人愉悦的；light明亮的； disappointing令人失望的。故选C。
11．A.project B．concept
C．schedule D．assignment
解析：A 上文提到她们与一个全国性的非营利组织合作，采取行动保护帝王蝶。由此可知，她们获得银河奖，是因为她们保护蝴蝶的这个项目。project意为“项目”，符合语境。concept概念；schedule计划；assignment任务。故选A。
12．A.concerned B．connected
C．finished D．occupied
解析：C 根据空后的“Our next step is to cut down on...”可知，她们的行动还未结束。finish意为“完成”，符合语境。concern担忧；connect连接；occupy占据。故选C。
13．A.chemicals B．time
C．funds D．energy
解析：A 根据文章第三段中的“widespread use of chemicals, which made the milkweeds(马利筋草) the monarchs 4 for their main diet dangerous to eat”以及下文“to guarantee a safe environment”可知，因化学物质的广泛使用帝王蝶的生存环境不安全，所以要减少化学品的使用，以保证帝王蝶拥有安全的环境。chemical 意为“化学制品”，符合语境。time时间；fund基金；energy精力。故选A。
14．A.quoted B．continued
C．replied D．commented
解析：D 根据下文的“I am so proud of them”可知，这是老师布莱恩评论的话语。comment意为“评论”，符合语境。quote引用；continue继续；reply回答。故选D。
15．A.donations B．support
C．patience D．efforts
解析：D 根据上文语境可知，二人为了保护帝王蝶不仅给帝王蝶种食物，进行保护帝王蝶的宣传活动，还筹钱来实现目标；由此可推出老师为她们不断的努力感到骄傲。effort意为“努力”，符合语境。donation捐赠；support支持；patience耐心。故选D。
Ⅲ.七选五
(2024·八省八市第一次联考)
Have you ever caught a smell of something and been strongly reminded of a person or place There seems to be a deep psychological link between smells and our memory. Some research even suggests that smells can influence our cognition(认知，感知)．
1. Roja Dove，a perfumer, informed the BBC that when we are born, the olfactory bulb(嗅球), which is the area in our brain that processes smell, is empty, without pre-existing information or association. 2. When we smell an odour again, the original and unique memory comes flooding back because of the association acquired in our previous experience.
Our awareness of smells is primarily unconscious. 3. But, low-level smells are still picked up because the scent receptors(感受器) in our brain are so powerful that we unconsciously register them. In fact, various studies have found the olfactory bulb sends more neurons(神经元) to more areas of our brain than our hearing or vision.
Research suggests that the power of smell can also affect how the brain performs. 4. Mark Moss at Northumbria University's Psychology Department discovered that certain essential oils, such as peppermint, positively impact cognition, and rosemary's scent can enhance memory. He also studied lavender, which he says “tends to impair memory and slow reaction time”. But research by others has shown it to be useful in reducing pre-treatment anxiety in dental and medical situations.
5. The next time a familiar smell brings back a special memory, just remember that your nose is working wonders.
A．Why do smells take us back
B．So, don't take your nose for granted.
C．How is the sense of smell connected to your brain
D．Scents can revive memories that have been long forgotten.
E．We are not actively aware of them unless they are extremely strong.
F．This is especially true when it comes to the fragrance of essential oils.
G．Therefore, our responses to smells are learnt and highly individualized.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与自我，文章主要介绍了嗅觉如何影响我们的认知。
解析：
1．A 第一段说嗅觉和记忆似乎有心理关联，且研究发现气味会影响我们的认知。下文引用调香师 Roja Dove的话说明嗅觉和记忆之间的关系。因此，A 项“为什么气味会唤起记忆？”承上启下，符合语境。C项中 your brain中的 your与段落的叙述角度不符。故选A。
2．G 空前一句说当我们出生时，大脑中处理气味的嗅球是空的，没有预先存在的信息或联系。因此，G 项“因此我们对气味的反应是后天习得的，而且是高度个性化的”符合语境。故选G。
3．E 空前一句说我们对气味的感知基本上是无意识的，空后说比较淡的气味仍然会被捕捉到，因为我们大脑中的气味感受器非常强大，我们会无意识地将它们记录下来。因此，E项“除非气味异常浓烈，否则我们不会主动意识到它们。”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。
4．F 空前一句说研究表明，嗅觉的力量也会影响大脑的运行方式。空后举了几个例子说明植物精油(薄荷、迷迭香和薰衣草)会影响认知、记忆和情绪。因此，该空属于过渡句，F 项“当涉及精油的香味时尤其如此。”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。
5．B 最后一段总结全文。既然嗅觉如此重要，我们不要认为鼻子是理所当然的。因此，B项“因此，不要认为你的鼻子是理所当然的。”符合语境。故选B。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2025·重庆巴蜀中学月考)
There was a time, not long 1. , when peace between the Pokot and the Ilchamus seemed impossible.The two communities in Kenya had spent years fighting war over cattle, land, and water—turning one of the 2. (country) most biodiverse regions into a battlefield.
In 2006 Pokot and Ilchamus elders reached an agreement.They agreed that
3. (build) unity and trust, the former enemies would work together to bring back the wildlife that their conflict helped drive out, starting 4. the Rothschild's giraffes.
The Rothschild's giraffes went extinct after decades of conflict and poaching.Eager to see these giraffes return to their homeland, the community members got to work 5. (active)．Within a year, they had established a 44,000-acre community reserve 6. both the Pokot and Ilchamus work.“It wasn't easy，” says Rebby Sebei, manager of the reserve.“But both sides were keen for change.”
In 2011 the reserve received its very 7. (one) group of Rothschild's giraffes: eight animals relocated from other areas in hopes that they'd multiply and repopulate the area.The giraffes 8. (place) on a peninsula in Lake Baringo.The species' return to Lake Baringo attracted tourists, giving the local economy 9.
much-needed boost.The relocated animals, and their babies 10. (bear) on the peninsula, became“a symbol of peace, unity, and a source of community wealth”．
语篇导读：本文讲述了肯尼亚的两个部落共同保护长颈鹿，这一举动促进了这两个部落的和平。
解析：
1．ago 考查副词。句意：就在不久之前的某段时间，波科特和伊尔查姆斯之间似乎是不可能和平的。根据“There was a time”可知是过去发生的事件， not long ago意为“不久之前”，是表示过去的时间状语。故填ago。
2．country's 考查名词所有格。句意：肯尼亚的这两个部落为了争夺牛、土地和水资源而进行了多年的战争，把这个国家生物多样性最丰富的地区之一变成了战场。后接名词，作定语，需要使用所有格。故填country's。
3．to build 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们一致同意，为了建立团结和信任，这对昔日的敌人将共同努力，把因冲突而被驱逐的野生动物带回来，从罗氏长颈鹿开始。根据语境可知此处表目的，用动词不定式形式。故填to build。
4．with 考查介词。句意见上一题解析。start with意为“以……开始”，固定短语。故填with。
5．actively 考查副词。句意：由于渴望看到这些长颈鹿回到它们的家园，部落成员开始积极工作。修饰动词短语got to work，用副词作状语。故填actively。
6．where 考查定语从句。句意：一年之内，他们建立了一个4.4万英亩(约178平方千米)的部落保护区，波科特人和伊尔查姆斯人都在这里工作。此处定语从句修饰reserve，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where引导定语从句。故填where。
7．first 考查序数词。句意：在2011年保护区接收了第一批罗氏长颈鹿……此处修饰名词group用序数词。故填first。
8．were placed 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：这些长颈鹿被安置在了巴林戈湖的一个半岛上。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语，与主语The giraffes是被动关系，用被动语态，且主语是复数；根据上文In 2011可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填were placed。
9．a 考查冠词。句意：该物种回归巴林戈湖，这件事吸引了游客，给当地经济带来迫切需要的推动力。 boost 此处为可数名词，前有形容词much-needed 修饰，通常用单数形式，与不定冠词a连用。故填a。
10．born 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些被重新安置的动物和它们在半岛上出生的孩子成为“和平、团结和部落财富的象征”。分析句子结构可知，bear作定语，修饰babies，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填born。
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