【弯道超车】Unit 3 核心语法之过去进行时和一般过去时的区别-2025年鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语上册精讲精练

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名称 【弯道超车】Unit 3 核心语法之过去进行时和一般过去时的区别-2025年鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语上册精讲精练
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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025年鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语上册精讲精练
Unit 3 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?
核心语法:过去进行时和一般过去时的区别
一、核心概念对比
时态 过去进行时 一般过去时
构成 was/were + 现在分词(-ing) 动词过去式(-ed/不规则变化)
核心意义 过去某时刻正在进行的动作 过去已完成的动作
时间焦点 强调动作的过程性和未完成性 强调动作的结果性和整体性
二、用法区别详解
动作性质不同
过去进行时:
表示过去被中断的动作(常与when连用)
I was watching TV when the phone rang.(电话响时我正在看电视→看电视被中断)
描述过去特定背景场景
It was raining, and people were running for shelter.(雨正下着,人们奔跑着躲雨)
一般过去时:
表示过去已完成的独立事件
I watched a movie last night.(昨晚我看了一部电影→完整事件)
时间状语差异
过去进行时 一般过去时
at 8 pm yesterday yesterday
while/when + 过去进行时 last week
this time last week in 2020
all morning three days ago
经典句型对比
When the teacher came in(一般过去时), we were talking(过去进行时).(老师进来时,我们正在说话→"进来"是瞬间动作,"说话"是持续动作)
While I was cooking(过去进行时), the doorbell rang(一般过去时).(我做饭时门铃响了→做饭是背景动作)
三、易混淆场景辨析
相同时间,不同意义
At 7 pm yesterday:
I was doing homework.(7点时正在做作业→强调进行中)
I did my homework.(完成了作业→强调结果)
延续性动词的不同表达
She was writing a letter from 3 to 4 pm.(强调3-4点期间正在写)
She wrote a letter in one hour.(强调一小时完成了写信)
非延续性动词的限制
He was losing his keys.(× lose是非延续动词)
He lost his keys.(√)
四、记忆口诀
"过去进行表进行,was/were加doing;
一般过去表完成,动词变ed记分明;
若问动作何时做,持续用进短用普!"
1.Our English teacher, Mr. Ma, __________ English on the radio the day before yesterday.
A.teaches B.taught C.will teach D.had taught
2.Li Lei ________ the school bus last Friday.
A.misses B.missed C.was missing D.has missed
3.—What were you doing when the teacher came in
— I ________ a storybook.
A.read B.reads C.was reading D.am reading
4.—How ________ the weather yesterday
—It was sunny.
A.was B.were C.is D.are
5.Edison ______ many things . He was a great ______ .
A.invent ; inventor B.inventor ; invented
C.invented ; inventor D.inventor ; invent
6.—We couldn't find you anywhere around 8:00 yesterday evening.
—I'm sorry for it. My mother and I in the square.
A.danced B.will dance C.were dancing D.are dancing
7.Bob ________ basketball with his friends last Monday.
A.plays B.played C.is playing D.will play
8.—Did you enjoy the camping trip
—Yes, we ________.
A.do B.did C.done
9.The Shenzhou-15 astronauts ________ to the earth safely on June 4, 2023.
A.return B.returned C.will return
10.—What did you do yesterday
—I ________ my homework at home.
A.do B.did C.does D.am doing
11.Jenny usually ________ to the mountains on weekends, but she ________ her uncle last weekend.
A.went; visited B.goes; visited C.goes; visits D.went; visits
12.—On December 4th, 2024, famous writer Qiong Yao ________ in Taiwan, at the age of 86.
—People around the world felt sad about this, because her works were loved by millions of readers.
A.passed away B.went away C.passed by D.took away
13.— Where is Mike
— He _____to New York on business. He _______ the airport at five in the morning .
A.has gone; has left for B.has been; has left for C.has gone; left for D.has been; left for
14.The children ________ some flowers to the old lady yesterday.
A.bring B.brought C.takes
15.—Have you ever visited the West Lake
—Yes. I________ it twice when I was in Hangzhou.
A.visit B.have visited C.will visit D.visited
16.Lily ________ like history before, but now she likes it very much.
A.don’t B.doesn’t C.didn’t D.hasn't
17.—Who cleaned the room
—John _______________.
A.cleaned B.does C.is D.did
18.—What were you doing at this time of the rainstorm yesterday
—I _________ at the library.
A.am reading B.was read C.was reading D.read
19.— What was your mother doing when you got home last night
— She ________ dinner for us.
A.cooked B.is cooking C.was cooking D.cooks
20.—Where did you go on vacation
—I ________ to the mountains.
A.go B.went C.goes D.going
21.The mouse ________ when I came in.
A.ran away B.is running away C.run away D.runs away
22.She lived there before she ______ to China.
A.came B.comes C.come D.coming
23.They ________ a survey last week.
A.do B.does C.did D.doing
24.—What’s your hobby
—I ________ run along the river, but now I enjoy playing basketball.
A.am used to B.used to C.am used D.use to
25.After a lot of hard work, the businessman ______ at last.
A.succeed B.succeeded C.successful D.success
26.—Where _______ she go on vacation last summer
—She _______ to New York City.
A.did; goes B.does; went C.did; went D.do; go
27.—You look nice in your new skirt today.
—Oh, really I ________ it when it was on sale.
A.buy B.bought C.am buying D.will buy
28.My classmates _________ about the World Cup when our teacher came in.
A.talk B.talked C.are talking D.were talking
29.—Where ________ you yesterday
—I played at home with my sister.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
30.There     a lot of water in that river two years ago.
A.is B.was C.are D.were
31.—________ she use to have short hair
—Yes. But her hair is long now.
A.Does B.Was C.Did D.Is
32.—What ________ you _________ last week
—I bought a bag.
A.did; buy B.did; bought C.do; buy D.do; bought
33.—John, have you been to the English Corner
—Oh, yes. I ________ there to practise speaking once a week last term.
A.go B.will go C.went D.have gone
34.—Could I _____ a dictionary from you, David
—Sorry, I ______ it to my cousin yesterday.
A.lend; borrowed B.borrow; lend
C.borrow; lent D.borrowed; lend
35.—What did the teacher say just now
—Sorry, I didn’t hear it. I _________ out of the window at that time.
A.look B.looked C.was looking
36.— What was your mother doing when you got home yesterday evening
— She ________ TV with my grandmother.
A.watch B.watched C.will watch D.was watching
37.My father used to ________ a bus to work, but now he is used to ________.
A.take; walk B.taking; walking C.taking; walk D.take; walking
38.Yesterday the twins ________ swimming in the river.
A.go B.goes C.went D.have gone
39.Eight children were in the library, and the rest of them ________ on the playground playing together.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
40.—I heard a strange sound. What was it
—Maybe a cat ________ by.
A.passed B.passes C.is passing D.was passing
41.—I miss my elder sister very much. She has been abroad for three years but she will be back in a week.
—Pardon I ________ about something else just now. ________ will she come back
A.was thinking; How long B.thought; How often
C.was thinking; How soon D.thought; When
42.—Did you see Tom at the airport
—No.His plane________ by the time I ________ there.
A.has taken off;got
B.took off;had got
C.had taken off;got
43.It ________ me three hours________ to the cinema yesterday.
A.take; to go B.took; go
C.took; to go D.take; to go
44.—Who lost the key
—Peter________. I think.
A.is B.was C.did D.does
45.Mary ________ afraid of dogs, but now she loves them very much.
A.used to B.use to C.used to be D.uses to be
46.The price of the book has risen. It ____.
A.doubles B.doubled C.increase two D.is doubled
47.—The T-shirt looks nice on you! How much does it ________
—I just ________ ten dollars for it.
A.take; afforded B.cost; paid C.cost; spent D.pay; spent
48.In the old days, people usually ________ with their hands.
A.work B.worked C.to work D.working
49.—How do you usually go to work, Jim
—I used to ________ a bike, but now I am used to ________ there to lose weight.
A.ride; walk B.riding; walking C.ride; walking D.riding; walk
50.He ___ his hometown two years ago. That is to say he ____ his hometown for two years.
A.leaves; has left B.left; has come to
C.leaves; has gone to D.left; has been away from
51.—I have seen the film The Jurassic WorldⅡ (《侏罗纪世界Ⅱ》). It’s very interesting.
—Really When _______ you _______ it
A.have; seen B.did; see C.will; see
52.—I saw the light of your room was still on at one o’clock last night.
—Oh, I ________ a football match of the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022.
A.am watching B.watched C.watch D.was watching
53.Yesterday, I the subway home when I suddenly found I was on the wrong line.
A.took B.was taking C.had taken
54.I called you at eight last night, but you didn’t answer. What ________ you ________ at that time
A.are; doing B.were; doing C.do; do D.did; do
55.Mum has been working in this school since she ________ from university in 2000.
A.graduates B.has graduated C.had graduated D.graduated
56.—What did you do last Sunday
—I ________ a movie with my friends. It was really exciting.
A.watch B.watches C.watched D.am watching
57.—________you tired after running for ten minutes
—No. I ________feel tired at all.
A.Did; didn’t B.Were; wasn’t C.Were; didn’t D.Did; wasn’t
58.He has worked in Beijing since he ________ Shenyang.
A.left B.leaves C.has left D.is leaving
59.They stopped _______ and _______ out to play when they ________ the bell ring for rest.
A.working, went, heard B.work, to go, hearing
C.working, go, hearing D.working, going, heard
60.They ________ a football game from 6 to 8 last night.
A.were watching B.watch C.watched D.are watching
61.The headmaster came into the classroom and asked the boy what was happening. The underlined part means ________ .
A.What is going on B.What was going on C.What will happen D.What has happened
62.His brother _________ play computer games for fun, but now he _________ playing sports for fun.
A.is used to, used to B.used to, is used to C.used to, used to D.is used to, is used to
63.—Did you meet Mr. Smith
—Yes. When I arrived, he ______ for New York to attend a press conference.
A.was just leaving B.just left C.just leaves D.had just left
64.________ you use to have long hair
A.Are B.Were C.Do D.Did
65.—When did the classroom have a power cut
—This afternoon, while we ________ a chemistry experiment.
A.have done B.are doing C.were doing D.will do
66.My brother ____________ the chickens yesterday.
A.not fed B.didn’t feed
C.didn’t fed D.doesn’t feed
67.There ________ many tall trees in this garden. But now you can’t see any trees here.
A.are B.is C.used to be
68.——Would you mind not ______ noise Alice is sleeping.
——Sorry, I didn't know. I______ she was awake.
A.make, think B.making, thought C.making, think D.make, thought
69.—You look tired!
—My husband _______ football matches all night. That was too noisy!
A.watches B.has watched C.was watching D.will watch
70.—When did you buy your bike —________ .
A.For 3 years. B.Since I was 7 years old.
C.When I was 7 years old. D.Since 3 years ago.
71.It was the tallest building ________ the earth. It ________ about 100 000 people over 10 years to finish it.
A.in;takes B.in;taking C.on;took D.at;take
72.She was sorry because she _________ yesterday.
A.took the test B.passed the test C.failed the test D.get to class late
73.—Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim
—I ________ clothes in the bathroom. I didn’t hear the knock.
A.am washing B.have washed C.was washing D.washed
74.—Did you see a girl in red pass by just now
—No, sir. I _____ a newspaper.
A.read B.am reading C.would read D.was reading
75.—Jack, you look cool in that jacket.
—Thanks. My uncle ________ it for me last month.
A.buys B.is buying C.bought D.buy
76.--Did you any horses
--Yes,I did.I quite a lot.
A.saw;see B.see;saw C.saw;saw D.see;see
77.—I still don’t know what ________ while I was away from home.
—You’ll know it all some day, I believe.
A.had happened B.would happen C.has happened D.happened
78.— Tom, why were you late for school this morning
— I was so unlucky. Three buses went by without stopping while I ______ at the bus stop.
A.waited B.am waiting C.was waiting D.have waited
79.Mr. Black ________ his keys in the office, so he had to wait until his wife ________ home.
A.has left; comes
B.left; had come
C.had left; came
D.had left; would come
80.—________ you ever ________ part in any environmental programs
—Yes,I have.I ________ with a Clean-Up Day last year.
A.Did;take;helped
B.Have;taken;have helped
C.Have;taken;helped
D.Did;take;have helped
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参考答案及试题解析
1.B
【详解】句意:我们的英语老师,马老师,前天在广播上教英语。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“the day before yesterday”可知,此处应该用一般过去时。故选B。
2.B
【详解】句意:李雷上周五错过了校车。
考查一般过去时。根据时间状语“last Friday”可知,本句是一般过去时,动词用过去式missed。故选B。
3.C
【详解】句意:——当老师进来时你正在做什么?——我正在看一本故事书。
考查过去进行时。根据“when the teacher came in”可知,此处询问的是过去某个时间点正在进行的动作,时态为过去进行时,其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。主语I为第一人称单数,be动词用was,read的现在分词是reading,故选C。
4.A
【详解】句意:——昨天的天气怎么样?——是晴朗的。
考查一般过去时。根据“yesterday”可知是过去时间,时态为一般过去时,且“weather”是不可数名词,用was。故选A。
5.C
【详解】句意:爱迪生发明了许多东西,他是一个伟大的发明家。考查名词词义辨析。根据invented动词,发明,invent的过去式; inventor发明家,名词.根据题干Edison _________ many things.He was a great _________.可知第一空发明是过去的事,用动词且时态为一般过去时,即invented故排除A、B、和D;第二空great形容词后接名词 inventor,故选B。
6.C
【详解】句意:昨晚8点左右我们在哪也找不到你。我对此报歉。我妈妈和我正在广场跳舞。
时间状语是8:00 yesterday evening:昨晚8点左右,据句意所以应该用过去进行时,故选C。
7.B
【详解】句意:上周一Bob和他的朋友们一起打篮球了。
考查一般过去时。根据“last Monday”可知,句子用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,played符合语境。故选B。
8.B
【详解】句意:——你喜欢这次野营旅行吗?——是的,我们喜欢。
考查一般过去时。do动词原形;did动词过去式;done过去分词。根据“Did”可知,时态为一般过去时,肯定回答借助did。故选B。
9.B
【详解】句意:神舟15号宇航员于2023年6月4日安全返回地球。
考查一般过去时。根据“on June 4, 2023”可知,本句时态为一般过去时,动词需用过去式。故选B。
10.B
【详解】句意:——你昨天做了什么?——我在家做作业。
考查动词时态。根据“What did you do yesterday ”可知,答句要用一般过去时。故选B。
11.B
【详解】句意:简妮通常周末去爬山,但是她上周去看望了她的叔叔。
考查一般现在时和一般过去时。根据“on weekends”可知,第一空用一般现在时,主语Jenny是单数名词,因此第一空用go的第三人称单数形式goes;根据“last weekend”可知,第二空用一般过去时,因此第二空用visit的过去式visited。故选B。
12.A
【详解】句意:——2024年12月4日,著名作家琼瑶在台湾去世,享年86岁。——全世界的人对此感到悲伤,因为她的作品深受百万读者喜爱。
考查动词短语。passed away去世;went away离开;passed by经过;took away带走。根据“People around the world felt sad about this,”可知琼瑶去世,表示“去世”应使用“passed away”。故选A。
13.C
【详解】句意:--马克在那儿?--他已经去了纽约做生意了,他今天早上5点出发去机场了。根据语境可知第一个空是现在完成时,have been to...表示去过某地;have gone to...表示去了某地;短语leave for...表示去了……;第二个空用一般过去时态。根据题意。故选C。
14.B
【详解】句意:孩子们昨天给那位老太太带了一些花。
考查动词时态。bring带来,动词原形;brought带来,过去式;takes拿走,动词第三人称单数形式。根据句中的时间状语“yesterday”可知,该句应用一般过去时态,谓语动词用过去式。结合句意可知,这里表示“给老太太带来一些花”,应用bring的过去式brought。故选B。
15.D
【详解】句意:——你去过西湖吗 ——是的。我在杭州的时候去过两次。
考查动词时态。when引导的时间状语从句,从句中was是一般过去时,所以主句也用一般过去时,故选D。
16.C
【详解】句意:莉莉以前不喜欢历史,但是现在她很喜欢。
考查时态。根据时间标志词before,可知用一般过去时;又因为此处要用助动词构成否定,所以用didn't,故选C。
17.D
【详解】句意:——谁打扫的房间?——约翰打扫的。对于上句已经提到的动作,用助动词do,does或did代替以避免重复;根据问句中的cleaned为过去式可知用一般过去时态,故用did。故选D。
18.C
【详解】句意:——昨天下暴雨的时候你正在做什么 ——我在图书馆里看书。
考查动词时态。根据“at the time of the rainstorm yesterday”可知表示过去某一时刻正在做的事情,是过去进行时,用“was reading”。故选C。
19.C
【详解】句意:——昨天晚上当你到家的时候你的妈妈正在做什么?——她正在为我们做晚饭。
考查过去进行时。根据“What was your mother doing”可知此处回答应用过去进行时,其谓语结构为“was/were+doing”,故选C。
20.B
【详解】句意:——你去哪里度假了?——我去了山里。
考查一般过去时。根据问句“Where did you go…”可知答句需用过去时态描述已发生的动作。故选B。
21.A
【详解】句意:我进来时,老鼠跑掉了。
考查动词时态。根据“when I came in.”可知句子时态是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选A。
22.A
【详解】句意:她来中国之前住在那里。
考查动词时态。根据“She lived there before she...to China.”可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,时态为一般过去时,此处用动词过去式came。故选A。
23.C
【详解】句意:他们上周做了一项调查。
考查时态。由“last week”可知,时态为一般过去时,动词应用过去式。故选C。
24.B
【详解】句意:——你的爱好是什么?——我过去常沿河跑步,但现在我喜欢打篮球。
考查used to的用法。be used to习惯于;used to do过去常常做某事;use to过去常常。根据“but now I enjoy playing basketball.”可知,前面表示过去的事,应该用一般过去时,因此用used to do。故选B。
25.B
【详解】句意:经过大量的努力,这位商人终于成功了。
考查动词时态。根据“After a lot of hard work,”并结合语境可知,该句是一般过去时,谓语动词填过去式。故选B。
26.C
【详解】句意:——去年夏天她去哪里度假了?——她去了纽约市。
考查动词时态。根据“last summer”可知时态为一般过去时,第一空与第二空的动词都应用过去式,故选C。
27.B
【详解】句意:——今天你穿这件新连衣裙看起来很不错。——哦,真的吗?我是在它减价处理的时候买的。
考查时态辨析。buy是动词,意为“买”。根据“when it was on sale”可知,用一般过去时,bought是buy的过去式,故选B。
28.D
【详解】句意:我们的老师进来时,同学们正在谈论世界杯。
考查过去进行时。根据“when our teacher came in”可知,从句时态是一般过去时,排除A和C;此处强调老师进来时我们正在谈论世界杯,故选D。
29.D
【详解】句意:——你昨天在哪里?——我和姐姐在家玩。
考查动词时态。根据“yesterday”可知,此处句子是一般过去时态,谓语需用过去式,又句子主语是you ,be动词需使用were。故选D。
30.B
【详解】句意:两年前那条河里有很多水。
考查时态。is ;are是be动词一般现在时形式;was ;were是be动词一般过去时形式;根据时间状语“two years ago”可知句子是一般过去时,water是不可数名词,be动词形式用was;故选B。
31.C
【详解】句意:——她以前留短发吗?——对。但她的头发现在很长。
考查一般疑问句。根据“But her hair is long now.”可知,此处指过去的情况,用一般过去时,used to“曾经”,其一般疑问句应借助did,句首首字母大写。故选C。
32.A
【详解】句意:——上周你买了什么?——我买了一个包。
考查一般过去时。根据“last week”可知,时态是一般过去时,助动词用did,后面接动词原形buy。故选A。
33.C
【详解】句意:——彼得,你去过英语角吗?——哦,是的。上学期我每周去那里练习一次口语。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“last term”可知,此处时态用一般过去时,谓语动词go用过去式的形式went。故选C。
34.C
【详解】句意:——大卫,我可以向你借一本字典吗?——对不起,我昨天把它借给我的堂兄了。
考查动词辨析。borrow表示主语借入;lend指主语借出。根据“Could I…a dictionary from you. ”可知,此处表示“我”借入,且情态动词could后接动词原形,故第一空填borrow。根据“I…it to my cousin yesterday.”可知,此处表示“借出”,且用动词过去式,故第二空填lent。故选C。
35.C
【详解】句意:——老师刚才说什么了?——对不起,我没听见。那时我正望着窗外。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“at that time”可知,本句应用过去进行时“was/were+动词现在分词”,表示过去正在发生的动作,主语为I,be动词用was,故选C。
36.D
【详解】句意:——昨天晚上你回家时你妈妈在做什么?——她正在和我奶奶一起看电视。
考查过去进行时。根据上文“What was your mother doing”可知,此处是在问过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,故应用过去进行时,故选D。
37.D
【详解】句意:我父亲过去常乘公共汽车去上班,但现在他习惯了走路。
考查use的用法。used to do sth.过去常常做某事,第一空用动词原形。be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事,第二空用动名词。故选D。
38.C
【详解】句意:昨天双胞胎去河里游泳了。
考查时态。根据Yesterday可知,描述昨天的事,用一般过去时。故选C。
39.D
【详解】句意:八个孩子在图书馆,其余的在操场上一起玩。
考查动词时态及主谓一致。根据“the rest of them”可知主语是指剩余的学生,be动词应用复数形式;根据“Eight children were in the library”可知时态为一般过去时,故选D。
40.A
【详解】句意:——我听到一个奇怪的声音。那是什么声音?——也许是一只猫路过。
考查动词时态。passed路过,过去式;passes动词单三;is passing现在进行时;was passing过去进行时。pass by“经过”,动词短语。根据“...heard...was...”可知,用一般过去时态。故选A。
41.C
【详解】句意:——我非常想念我的姐姐。她已经出国三年了,但她将在一周后回来。——再说一遍?我刚才正在想其他事情。她多久后回来?
考查动词时态和特殊疑问句。根据“Pardon I...about something else just now.”可知,此处表示刚刚正在想其他事情,描述的是刚才正在进行的动作,故用过去进行时(was/were doing),可排除BD选项;How long多长时间;How often多久一次;How soon多久以后;When什么时候。根据“will she come back ”可知,此处是指多久后回来。故选C。
42.C
【详解】句意:——你在机场见到汤姆了吗?——没有,我到那里时,他的飞机已经起飞了。考查动词时态。根据问句中的Did可知我“到达”的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时,飞机起飞发生在“我”到达机场之前,因而飞机起飞的时间发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,其构成为:had+动词过去分词;结合选项可知C选项符合题意,故答案选C。
43.C
【详解】句意:昨天我花了三个小时去看电影。
考查固定句型。take,花费,动词原形;to go去,不定式;took花费,过去式;go去,动词原形;根据句意理解可知,这里表达的是“做某事花费某人多长时间”,英语是一个固定的句型,结构是It takes/ took sb some time to do sth.,而句中的时间是yesterday,所以动词应该用过去式,而第二空应该用不定式的结构,故选C。
44.C
【详解】句意:——谁丢钥匙了?——我想是Peter。
考查一般过去式和动词的用法。根据“Who lost the key ”可知,是指Peter丢了钥匙,空格处缺少谓语,用动词do代替lost the key这件事;根据语境可知,丢钥匙是发生在过去,时态是一般过去时,故此处用动词do的过去式did。故选C。
45.C
【详解】句意:玛丽过去害怕狗,但现在她非常喜欢狗。
考查used to do的用法。根据“Mary...afraid of dogs, but now she loves them very much.”可知玛丽过去害怕狗。固定短语used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”;固定短语be afraid of“害怕……”,故选C。
46.B
【详解】句意:这本书的价格上涨了。它增加了一倍。考查动词辨析题。double加倍,动词;has risen已经上升(涨)了。前一句是现在完成时态,可知后句用一般过去时,联系上下文,可知选B。
47.B
【详解】句意:——你穿这件T恤很好看!它要多少钱?——我刚花了十美元买的。
考查动词辨析。根据句意可知,第一个空格所在句是在表达:T恤衫花了多少钱。是在考查结构“sth. cost sb. some money”。故可排除A和C。根据句意,第二个空格所在句表达的意思是:我只花费了10美元。由句中的关键词“for”可知,是在考查结构“sb. pay some money for sth”,第二个空格应该填paid。故选B。
48.B
【详解】句意:在过去,人们通常用双手工作。
考查谓语的时态。空处作谓语,排除非谓语形式C和D;根据“In the old days”可知,时态用一般过去时,work用过去式worked。故选B。
49.C
【详解】句意:——吉姆,你通常怎样去上班?——我过去常骑自行车,但现在我习惯走路去上班以减肥。
考查非谓语动词。used to do sth.过去常常做某事;be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。根据“I used to ... a bike”可知过去常骑自行车上班,第一空应用动词原形;根据“but now I am used to ... there to lose weight.”可知现在习惯走路上班,第二空应用动名词形式。故选C。
50.D
【详解】句意:两年前他离开了家乡。也就是说,他离开家乡已有两年了。由two years ago(两年前)可知前半句为一般过去时,谓语动词应用过去式,故排除A、C两项;come是非延续性动词,在肯定句中不能与表示一段的时间状语连用,排除B答案,be away意为“不在,离开”,表示状态,可与表示一段的时间连用。故答案为D。
点睛:短暂性动词在现在完成时态的肯定句中不能与表示一段的时间状语连用,如句中的left为短暂性动词,另外还要记住几个常见的短暂性动词与延续性动词的转化:borrow→keep, buy→have, get/catch a cold→have a cold ,die→be dead, open→be open,end/finish → be over, begin/start→ be on, leave→be away, come→be in/here等。
如:His father died 10 years ago.=His father has been dead for 10 years。
I bought this pen 3 years ago. = I have had this pen for 3 days.
51.B
【详解】句意:——我已经看过电影《侏罗纪世界Ⅱ》了。它很有趣。——真的吗?你什么时候看的?
考查时态辨析。根据“I have seen the film The Jurassic WorldⅡ (《侏罗纪世界Ⅱ》).”可知,“我”过去看了这部电影,对过去的时间进行提问,应用一般过去时。故选B。
52.D
【详解】句意:——昨晚我看见你房间里的灯一点钟时还亮着。——噢,我当时正在在2022年卡塔尔足球世界杯的其中一场足球比赛。
考查过去进行时。根据“at one o’clock last night”可知此处应用过去进行时表示过去某一时刻正在发生的事情,其谓语结构为:was/were+现在分词。故选D。
53.B
【详解】句意:昨天,当我突然发现我拨错电话的时候,我正在乘地铁回家。这里是when引导的时间状语从句,当某个动词发生的时候,某个动作正在进行,根据题意,故选B。
54.B
【详解】句意:我昨晚8点给你打电话,但你没有接。那时候你在做什么?
考查动词时态。根据“at that time”可知,此处询问过去某个时间对方正在做的事情,应该用过去进行时,主语是you,be动词用were。故选B。
55.D
【详解】句意:妈妈自从2000年大学毕业后就一直在这所学校工作。
考查动词时态。根据“since she ... from university in 2000”可知,since引导的时间状语从句时态用一般过去时,动词应用过去式,故选D。
56.C
【详解】句意:——上周日你做了什么?——我和我的朋友们看了一部电影。非常激动人心。
考查时态。根据“last Sunday”可知,要用一般过去时。故选C。
57.C
【详解】句意:——你跑了十分钟后,累了吗?——不,我一点也不觉得累。
考查be动词和助动词。第一句是主系表结构(be动词+形容词),结合“you tired”可知是缺be动词,应用were;第二句含谓语动词feel,时态为一般过去时,否定句借助助动词didn’t。故选C。
58.A
【详解】句意:他离开沈阳后一直在北京工作。
考查动词时态。根据“since”可知,这是由since引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。故选A。
59.A
【详解】句意:当他们听到休息铃声的时候,他们停止工作然后出去玩。
考查动词短语和时态。stop doing sth“停止做某事”;此处go out和stop是并列动作,根据stopped可知,该句是一般过去时,谓语动词应该使用过去式,时间状语从句的谓语也应该使用动词过去式,故选A。
60.A
【详解】句意:昨晚6点到8点他们在看足球赛。
考查时态。根据“from 6 to 8 last night”可知,看比赛是过去6—8点这一阶段一直发生的动作,应用过去进行时,结构为was/were doing。故选A。
61.B
【详解】句意:校长走进教室,问那个男孩发生了什么事。下划线部分意思是发生了什么?
考查动词短语和宾语从句的时态。happen=go on“发生”,根据划线部分用的是过去进行时,所以替换部分也要用过去进行时,故选B。
62.B
【详解】句意:他哥哥过去玩电脑游戏是为了好玩,但现在他已经习惯于玩体育游戏了。
考查动词短语。used to do过去常做某事;be used to doing sth习惯于做某事;be used to do sth被用来做某事,根据空后的“but now”可知,第一个空所在的句子是他哥哥过去玩游戏,所以第一个空用used to,排除A和D,第二个空所在的句子是现在他习惯于做运动,所以用be used to doing,排除C,故选B。
63.A
【详解】句意:——你见到史密斯先生了吗?——是的。当我到的时候,他正要去纽约参加一个记者招待会。
考查动词时态。根据arrived可知,其主句也应该用过去的某种时态,再结合回答“Yes”可知,我到的时候,他还没有离开,即他正要动身去纽约,应用过去进行时表将来,故选A。
64.D
【详解】句意:你过去留有长发吗?
考查时态。短语used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”;一般疑问句要借助助动词did,其结构是Did+主语+use to do sth。故选D。
65.C
【详解】句意:——教室什么时候停电的?——今天下午,当我们正在做化学实验的时候。
考查动词的时态。根据“When did”可知讲述的是过去的事情,根据“ while ”可知讲述的是过去正在发生的事情,用过去进行时“were doing”。故选C。
66.B
【详解】句意:我的弟弟昨天没有喂鸡。根据时间状语yesterday判断,时态为一般过去时态,排除D答案;否定动词要借助didn’t,后跟动词原形,故答案为B。
67.C
【详解】句意:这个花园里过去有许多高大的树。但是现在你在这里看不到任何树。
考查there be句型和used to do结构。根据“There … many tall trees …”可知,这里考查there be句型;再根据“But now you can’t see any threes here.”可知,现在看不到任何树,所以此处是指过去曾经有很多高大的树,应用结构there used to be“过去曾经有”,固定搭配。故选C。
68.B
【详解】句意:——你可不可以不要制造噪音?Alice在睡觉。——对不起,我不知道。我还以为她醒着呢!
考查非谓语动词和动词时态。第一句话谓语动词为“mind”,常用于mind doing sth.,用动名词作宾语,排除A和D;根据“I didn't know.”可知我刚才不知道,那时认为她醒着,表示过去的事情,I thought我原以为。故选B。
69.C
【详解】句意:——你看起来很累!——我丈夫整晚都在看足球比赛。太吵了!
考查过去进行时。根据“My husband...football matches all night.”可知,强调整晚都在看,用过去进行时,故选C。
70.C
【详解】句意:——你什么时候买自行车的?——当我7岁的时候。
考查特殊疑问句回答。问句中以when提问,回答应与具体时间有关,buy是一个非延续性动词,因此回答应为时间点,且问句用的是过去时,而A/B/D三个回答都用于完成时,故选C。
71.C
【详解】句意:它是世界上最高的建筑。约10万人花了10年时间才完成。
考查介词和动词时态。in在……里面;on在……上;at在(某地)。根据英语表达习惯,“在地球上”应用介词on,即on the earth,且根据前文“It was the tallest building”提示,此处应用一般过去时表示过去发生的事,动词take应用过去式,故选C。
72.C
【详解】句意:她很遗憾,因为昨天考试不及格。A. took the test参加考试;B. passed the test 通过考试;C. failed the test考试不及格;D. get to class late上课迟到。根据时间状语yesterday判断,句子的时态为一般过去时,排除D,结合句意,因考试不及格而遗憾,故答案为C。
73.C
【详解】句意:——你为什么不给我开门,吉姆?——我在浴室洗衣服。我没有听到敲门声。
考查时态。根据“Why didn’t you open the door for me, Jim ”和“I...clothes in the bathroom.”可知,强调在过去的时间点正在发生的动作,用过去进行时,故选C。
74.D
【详解】句意:——你刚才有看到一个穿红衣服的女孩经过吗?——没有,先生。我在看报纸。考查动词时态辨析题。问句用的是过去时态,根据句意和语境,答语的解释部分需用过去进行时,结构为:was/were+现在分词。I是单数人称,需用was,故选D。
75.C
【详解】句意:——杰克,你穿那件夹克真帅。——谢谢。我叔叔上个月给我买的。
考查时态。根据“last month”可知用一般过去时,此处用过去式bought。故选C。
76.B
【详解】句意:-你看见马了吗?-是的,我看到了。我看到了很多。saw是see的过去式,看见;see看见,动词原形。第一个空前有助动词did,所以这里应该用动词的原形;第二个空用一般过去时,故选B。
77.D
【详解】句意:——我仍然不知道当我离开家的时候发生了什么。——我相信有一天你会知道的。
A. had happened过去完成时态;B. would happen过去将来时态;C. has happened现在完成时;D. happened一般过去时态。根据句意while I was away from home可知,这里说的是过去发生的事情,应用一般过去时态,故选D。
【点睛】这个题目考查了时态的用法,涉及了四个时态,一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,句中常有表示过去的时间状语,或有上下文的语境提示;过去完成时表示发生在一个过去动作之前的事情,即“过去的过去”;现在完成时表示过去发生的事情持续到现在,对现在造成影响或结果;过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的事情或存在的状态。这个题目中有语境的提示while I was away from home,是“当我不在家的时候”,指过去发生的事情,所以用一般过去时。
78.C
【详解】句意:——汤姆,你今天早上为什么上学迟到了?——我太不幸了。我在车站等车的时候,三辆公共汽车不停地开了过去。
考查时态。根据“Three buses went by without stopping while I ... at the bus stop.”可知while引导的从句表示当某事正在进行的时候,另一件事情发生了,主句是一般过去时,从句用过去进行时,其结构为was/were doing。故选C。
79.C
【详解】句意:Black先生把他的钥匙落在了办公室,因此他不得不一直等到他的妻子回家。
考查过去完成时与一般过去时。leave落下;come来。根据“so he had to wait until his wife…home”可知,第一个空用过去完成时,表示“过去的过去”,构成:主语+had+动词过去分词,排除A和B,由“had”可知,第二个空用一般过去时,排除D,故选C。
80.C
【详解】句意:——你曾经参加过环保项目吗?——是的,我是。我去年在清洁日帮忙了。根据下文Yes,I have可知上文是现在完成时的一般疑问句,其结构是Have+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?短语take part in…表示参加……;take的过去分词是taken,下文时间状语last year可知用一般过去时态,help的过去式是helped。根据题意,故选C。
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