Unit 3 Make it happen!语法课件(共24张PPT) 外研版（2024）八年级上册

(共24张PPT)
Unit 3 Make it happen!
to-infinitive and -ing as object
不定式与动名词作宾语
Grammar rules
句子结构
英语中的句子成分包括:
主语 谓语 宾语 句子主干
定语 状语 补语 修饰主干的枝叶
主语
很多主语都位于句子开头或谓语动词前，是动作的发出者可以充当主语的有:名词、代词或其他可以充当名词的结构
1. Robots can do the iob many times.名词作主语
2.She often read books about China.代词作主语
3. The swimming pool in our school is very big.名词短语作主语
谓语
谓语由动词充当，具有人称、数、时态的变化
1. I do my homework quickly.
2. The kind man often helps homeless people.
3. The singer held a lot of concerts last year.
宾语
宾语通常位于动词或介词后，作动词宾语或介词宾语可以充当宾语的有:名词、代词、动名词、不定式等
1. In China, people accept gifts with both hands.名词作宾语
2. He likes dancing.动名词作宾语
3. The kind wants to be an astronaut. 不定式作宾语
4. My classmates help me alot. 代词作宾语
定语
定语通常用来修饰名词或代词
可以充当宾语的有:名词、代词、形容词、介词短语等
1. That is a difficult problem. 形容词作定语
2. The woman next to my mum is my aunt.介词短语作定语
3. You can use my pen.代词作定语
4. Did you see the apple tree in the yard 名词作定语
状语
状语可以用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、句子
可以充当宾语的有:副词、介词短语、不定式等
1.Tom runs fast.副词作状语
2. Finally, he caught up the train.副词作状语
3. The boy was born on in 2003. 介词短语作状语
4. To get up early in the morning, she went to bed early.
不定式作状语
补语(宾语补足语)
宾语补足语用来修饰宾语
可以充当宾补的有:名词、形容词、不定式等，
1.We should keep our classroom clean.形容词作宾补
2. You can call him Uncle Tom.名词作宾补
3. His mom doesn't allow him to go out at night.
不定式作宾补
不定式
不定式形式:to+动词原型(即to do)
不定式否定形式:not+to+动词原型(即notto do)
注意:不定式没有人称、数和时态的变化，不能在句子中充当谓语动词不定式可以充当很多成分，包括主语、宾语、宾语补足语状语等
动名词作宾语
动名词形式:动词+ing (即doing)
有一些动词需要用动名词作宾语
动词不定式和动名词作宾语
考向1 接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词
后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词（短语）有:
拒绝、选择和同意（refuse、choose、agree）
期望、决定和学习（expect、decide、learn）
宁可、假装和计划（prefer、pretend、plan）
希望、想要和愿意（wish/hope、want、would like）
We chose to go there by train.
我们选择了乘火车去那里。
Tina decided to go to Hainan for her holidays.
蒂娜决定去海南度假。
He’s learning to dance.他正在学跳舞。
I would like to drink a cup of tea.我想喝杯茶。
考向2 接动名词作宾语的常见动词
后接动名词（短语）作宾语的常见动词（短语）有：
enjoy、finish、keep、mind、practise、suggest、feel like、
can’t help、look forward to、have trouble等。
I don’t mind waiting a little longer.我不介意再多等一
会儿。
Tracey suggested meeting for a drink after work.特蕾
西提议下班后一起见面喝一杯。
考向3 既能接动词不定式又能接动名词作宾语的常见动词
有些动词既可接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词
作宾语，但两者含义不同。
remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 Please remember to post the
letters. 请记得寄这几封信。
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 I remember posting your letters.
我记得已经寄出了你的信。
forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 I forgot to go to the post office.
我忘了去邮局。
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 I forgot going to the post office.
我忘了我去过邮局了。
try to do sth. 设法 做某事；努力做某事 Try to be nice to him. 要尽量对
他友好。
try doing sth.试着做 某事 Try being nice to him. 试着对他
友好。
mean to do sth.打算 做某事 What do you mean to do 你打
算做什么？
mean doing sth.意味 着做某事 His words mean refusing us. 他的
话意味着拒绝我们。
5.Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.
(a) He always tried to improve his work.
(b)He enjoyed fixing problems one after another.
Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
Easton kept working on it.
He didn't want to make money from it.
He decided to post his design online...for free!
6.Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in brackets.
Lily's grandfather had Parkinson's dsease, and he kept (knock)1 his drinks over. Lily decided 2 (design) a new cup to help him. She invented a cup with three legs. lt can stand well on the table and Grandpa loved (use) it!
keep doing一直做...
knocking
to design
using
decide to do sth.决定做某事
Complete the news report with the correct form of the words in the box.
apply have do make
17-year-old Shantanu Gangwar noticed a problem. Blind students at school had a hard time moving around. They wished1 a smart machine to warn them about the objects in their way, so Shantanu decided 2 something to help.
He invented a smart walking stick. lt can sense objects nearby.Once it senses an object, it starts 3 to warn the user.
Shantanu won an award and received many congratulations for his invention.However, he wanted 3 it even better. He also hoped4 sit to real life after finishing high school. "We can produce a lot of these sticks and help more blind people," he said.
to have
to do
to make
to apply
智能拐杖
/ n tɑ nu //ɡ .wɑ r/
尚塔努·甘格瓦尔
have a hard time (in)doing sth.做某事有困难
n.机器
warn doing 警告、告诫
start +v.ing开始做某事
shaking
n.恭喜
许多大量，lots of
8.Work in pairs. Think of a problem and come up with an idea for aninvention. Then write an advertisement for it. Use the words and expressionsfrom the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you.
I have trouble finding matching socks.
lt makes me late for school sometimes.
A sock-matching machine.
lt has a scanner(扫描器)and an internal(内部的)sorting system.
A: What everyday problem do you face
B:l often have trouble finding matching socks in the morning.
A: How does the problem trouble you
B: lt makes me late for school sometimes because l waste time searching for the rightsocks.
A:What invention could solve the problem
B:I'm going to invent a sock-matching machine. You just need to put all your socksinto the machine, and it will automatically(自动地)sort and match them.
A:Wow, it sounds cool. How does the invention work
B: The machine has a scanner that can identify(识别)the pattems, colours, and sizes ofsocks. lt then uses an internal sorting system to group the matching socks together.
Introducing the new sock-matching machine!
The sock-matching machine solves the problem of finding matching socks.
It works by using a scanner to identify socks and an intemal sorting system to group them. Get one for yourself now!
Thank you!