Unit1 Friendship知识点及配套练习(Grammar)（含答案）译林版（2024）八年级上册

新版8AU1知识点及配套练习(Grammar)
形容词的比较级、最高级：
规则变化
多数短形容词(单音节或双音节形容词)：加-er/-est，
e.g. new-newer-newest smart-smarter-smartest
以e结尾的短形容词：加-r/-st
e.g. late-later-latest close-closer-closest
3. 以“辅音+y” 结尾的短形容词：变y为i再加-er/-est
e.g. early-earlier-earliest happy-happier-happiest
4. 以“一个元音字母+一个辅音字母”结尾的短形容词：先双写末尾辅音字母，再加-er/-est
e.g. hot-hotter-hottest fat-fatter-fattest
5. 长形容词(三个及以上音节的形容词)：在前面加more/ most
e.g. exciting-more exciting-most exciting interesting-more interesting-most interesting
6. 以下双音节形容词后面加-er/-est或前面加more/most：
clever, handsome, polite, simple, stupid
二、不规则变化
good/well-better-best bad/badly/ill-worse-worst many/much-more-most little-less-least
far-farther/further-farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest
注意区别：farther指距离上更远；further指距离上更远或程度上更进一步
older指人年龄更大或东西更旧；elder指有血缘关系的人之间的长幼顺序
He jumps farther/further than I. 他跳得比我远。
He is going to the UK for further study. 他打算去英国深造。
My elder brother is two years older than I. 我哥哥比我大两岁。
注意特例：带有形容词后缀(如-ful/-less/-able/-ible/-ive/-ous/-al/-ing/-ed)的形容词变成比较级或最高级时，不管几音节，都在前面加more/most
三、比较级的基本句型
A+系动词+形容词比较级+than+B（两者之间用比较级）
This book is more interesting than that one. 这本书比那本书有趣。
Your idea sounds better than his. 你的主意听起来比他的好。
注意：两者比较没有用than，但加了表示范围的部分(两者)，则比较级之前加the表示特指
He is the taller of the two boys. 他是这两个男孩中较高的那一个。
She is the slimmer of the twins. 她是这对双胞胎中更加苗条的那一个。
四、最高级的基本句型
主语+系动词+the+形容词最高级+表示范围的部分（三者或以上用最高级）
He is the tallest student of/among the three.
他是三个人中最高的那个学生。（同类比较用of/among）
He is the tallest student in his class. 他是他班里最高的那个学生。（非同类比较用in）
五、比较级、最高级的特殊用法
(1) 表示程度可用much, even, far, a lot, a little/a bit/a little bit等修饰
--Do you feel a little better now --Yes, I feel much better today.
--你现在感觉好一点了吗？--是的，我今天感觉好多了。
(2) The+比较级+主语+谓语，the+比较级+主语+谓语（一般将来时）（越...越...）
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
=If you are more careful, you will make fewer mistakes. 你越仔细，你犯的错误就会越少。
(3) 比较级+and+比较级 （越来越...）
He is becoming lazier and lazier. 他正变得越来越懒。
The city looks more and more beautiful. 这座城市看起来越来越漂亮了。
(4) the+序数词+最高级表示“第几+形容词”
the second largest country 第二大国 the third longest river 第三长河
(5) 最高级之前已有修饰词时，省略定冠词the
He is my best friend. 他是我最好的朋友。
(6) 前后被比较的两者，结构要一致
It’s easier to lose friends than to make friends. 失友易，交友难。
(7) 前后被比较的两者，必须是同类
Mary’s skirt is much more expensive than her sister’s. 玛丽的裙子比她妹妹的贵得多。
The weather in Beijing is colder than that(=the weather) in Nanjing. 北京的天气比南京冷。
The buildings in the city centre are much higher than those=(the buildings) in the small town.
市中心的楼房比这个小镇上的高得多。
(8) 形容词前如果加less和least则表示"较不"和"最不"
The magazine is less expensive than that one.
= The magazine is cheaper than that one. 这本杂志比那本便宜。
Of/Among all the magazines, the one with a colourful cover is the least expensive (=the cheapest). 在所有杂志中，有着彩色封面的这本是最便宜的。
六、比较级、最高级之间的转换（注意范围表示方法）
China is the largest country in Asia.
=China is larger than any other country in Asia.（除中国之外的其他任何一个亚洲国家）
=China is larger than the other countries in Asia.（除中国之外的其他所有亚洲国家）
China is larger than any country in Europe.（中国不属于欧洲，不需用other)
any other+单数名词 表示“其他任何一个” any other student 其他任何一个学生
the other+复数名词 表示“其他所有” the other students 其他所有学生们
any+单数名词 表示“任何一个” any student 任何一个学生
练习：
一、单项选择
1. --- Wow! The movie Ne Zha 2 is ________ best film I have ever seen.
--- I can’t agree more. I have never seen ________ better one before.
A. the; the B. the; a C. a; a D. /; the
2. ________ is the height of Tom, Helen
A. What B. How tall C. Which D. How high
3. When we are in trouble, we should hope for the best but prepare for the ________.
A. better B. best C. worse D. worst
4. His wring is ________ better than mine.
A．more B．quite C．a lot of D．a lot
5. Sam speaks English better than ________ in his class because he keeps practising speaking English every morning.
A. any other boys B. any other boy C. the other boy D. any boy
6. As the second ________ island in China, the area of Hainan Island is smaller than ________ of Taiwan.
A. large; it B. larger; that C. largest; / D. largest; that
7. Jim is _______ cleverer than Tom, but Tom has ________ more friends than Jim.
A. a little; a little B. a few; a few C. a few; a little D. a little; a few
8. --- The doctor asked me ________ too much because it's bad for my health.
--- That’s right. The less you drink, ________ you will be.
A. don’t drink; the healthier B. not to drink; the more healthier
C. not to drink; the healthier D. don’t drink; the more healthier
9. You should pay attention to your writing. The ________ you write, the ________ marks you will get next time.
A. more careful; fewer B. more carefully; highest
C. more careful; fewest D. more carefully; higher
10. --- Why do so many people shop online on the 11 of November
--- Because the price of things is than usual. There are big sales for Singles’ Day.
A. more lower B. more cheaper C. much cheaper D. much lower
11. --- Hey, Bob. It seems that everyone is trying to be .
--- Yeah. ________ people are sitting around. Instead, they exercise more and eat less fast food.
A. more healthy; Fewer B. healthier; Fewer C. healthier; Less D. more healthy; More
12. When seeing the Shenzhou-18 manned spaceship flying into the sky, my father was ________ than any one of us.
A. more excited B. more exciting C. the most excited D. the most exciting
13. We all know that the Yangtze River is longer than ________ in France.
A. any river B. any rivers C. other river D. any other river
14. --- How did you find your trip to the World Park
--- It couldn’t be ________. We lost our way and it kept raining.
A. nicer B. worse C. worst D. good
15. --- What are you doing, Li Ming
--- I’m reading a newspaper. It says the number of the wild animals in the world ________ now.
A. are getting fewer and fewer B. is getting smaller and smaller
C. is getting fewer and fewer D. are getting smaller and smaller
二、词汇运用(不限字数)
Who is the ______________ (slim) among these girls
2. I hope there will be much (little) air pollution (污染) in the future.
3. Our motherland is becoming ______________ (strong) and ______________ (strong).
4. Which city is (far) from Wuxi, Suzhou or Shanghai
5. After the Spring Festival Gala in Wuxi in 2025, the city has become ______________ (famous) than before.
6. This story is (fun) than that one. It makes everyone laugh.
7. What do you think is (danger) animal in the world
8. I think hiking is (excite) than jogging.
9. Millie is (thin) of the six girls. She needs to exercise more to become strong.
10. Lily is (careful) of the twins, so she often gets higher marks.
11. We are going to have a ______________ (far) discussion (讨论) about the problem.
12. The sweet drinks will make you even ______________ (thirsty). How about some water
13. Alice cleans her desk more often than other classmates, so her desk is ______________ (tidy) one in the classroom.
14. In the competition, Linda came first as she made ______________ (few) mistakes.
15. Why not stop playing computer games I think playing football is far ______________ (health).
16. Keeping worries to yourself only makes things become much ______________ (bad).
17. Among the four children, Kitty has ______________ (little) bread for breakfast.
18. Many students caught a cold last month because of the bad weather. Among all these students, my roommate looked ______________ (ill).
19. As China continues developing quickly, the Chinese language becomes (popular) than before.
20. The ______________ (hard-working) you are, the ______________ (lucky) you will be.
三、完成句子
1. Simon立定跳远的测试得分比Perter好。
Simon’s __________________________________________.
如果你不关心你的宠物，他会越来越伤心。
Your pet _______________________________ if you _________________________.
你吃得越健康，你就会越健康。
The ___________________________, the _________________________.
雪下的越大，孩子们就感到越开心。
The _______________________________, the ________________________.
我希望他能成为中国最著名的艺术家之一。
I hope ____________________________________________________.
6. 他富有乐感，是我们班最擅长唱歌的。
He ______________________________ and _______________________________ in our class.
参考答案：
单项选择
1-5 BADDB 6-10 DDCDD 11-15 BAABB
二、词汇运用
1. slimmest 2. less 3. stronger; stronger 4. farther/further 5. more famous
6. funnier 7. the most dangerous 8. more exciting 9. the thinnest 10. the more careful
11. further 12. thirstier 13. the tidiest 14. the fewest 15. healthier
16. worse 17. the least 18. worst 19. more popular 20. more hard-working; luckier
三、完成句子
1. test score for standing long jump is better than Peter’s
2. will be sadder and sadder; don’t care about him
3. more healthily you eat, healthier you will be
4. harder/more heavily it snows, happier children will be
5. he will be/become one of the most famous artists in China
6. has a good sense of music; is the best at singing