Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle不可数名词预习讲义（含答案） 译林版（2024）七年级上册

2024新译林版英语七年级上册Unit5 A healthy lifestyle预习讲义（不可数名词）
一、知识梳理
（一）定义
不可数名词是指不能以数目来计算，不可以分成个体的概念、状态、品质、感情或表示物质材料的东西；它一般没有复数形式，只有单数形式 ，它的前面不能用不定冠词a/an 。抽象名词，物质名词大多为不可数名词。
（二）量的表达
1.用some, any, a little, much, a lot of, lots of等修饰：
some water（一些水）
any milk（任何牛奶，常用于否定句和疑问句）
a little bread（一点面包）
much money（很多钱）
a lot of/lots of food（许多食物）
2.借助单位词表示数量：
a glass of water（一杯水）
a bottle of juice（一瓶果汁）
a piece of paper（一张纸）
a bowl of rice（一碗米饭）
a carton of milk（一盒牛奶）
a packet of salt（一包盐）
（三）特殊情况
1.有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，但意义不同：
chicken 作可数名词时，意为“小鸡” ；作不可数名词时，意为“鸡肉” 。
room作可数名词时，意为“房间” ；作不可数名词时，意为“空间” 。例如：There is no room for you to stand.（没有空间让你站了。）
2.不可数名词一般没有复数形式，但有些不可数名词在特定语境中可以复数形式出现，表示“不同种类”或“多份”等：
teas 表示“各种茶”
coffees表示“多份咖啡” 例如：Two coffees, please.（请来两份咖啡。）
（四）用法注意
1.不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Water is very important for us.（水对我们很重要。）
2.不可数名词前不能直接用数词修饰，如不能说“two waters” ，要表达数量需借助单位词。
知识演练场
（一）短语汉译英（20个）
一杯茶___________________________
一碗汤___________________________
一片面包___________________________
一块巧克力___________________________
一袋大米___________________________
一千克肉___________________________
一些牛奶___________________________
许多水___________________________
一点果汁___________________________
大量的盐___________________________
足够的食物___________________________
太多糖___________________________
健康的饮食___________________________
保持健康___________________________
获得充足睡眠___________________________
用健康的方式___________________________
对……有益___________________________
为……提供能量___________________________
两盒酸奶___________________________
三杯咖啡___________________________
（二）词汇运用（结合语境考查词形变化与拼写）（20道）
There isn't ________ (some) water in the bottle.
We need to buy some ________ (bread) for breakfast.
Drinking too much ________ (coffee) is bad for your health.
There is a lot of ________ (rice) in the bag.
She always has some ________ (milk) before going to bed.
How much ________ (juice) do you want
I'd like a glass of ________ (water).
Can you give me a piece of ________ (paper) I want to write a letter.
Eating too much ________ (meat) is not good for us.
There is a packet of ________ (salt) on the table.
He doesn't have ________ (enough) money to buy the book.
We should eat ________ (little) junk food and more healthy food.
Do you like ________ (yogurt) It's good for our stomach.
She added a little ________ (sugar) to her tea.
There is not much ________ (food) left in the fridge.
My mother often makes ________ (porridge) for breakfast.
Would you like some ________ (honey) It's very sweet.
I need some ________ (advice) on how to learn English well.
The ________ (news) on TV is very interesting.
He gave me a lot of ________ (information) about the trip.
（三）句型转换（5个）
There is some milk in the glass.（改为一般疑问句）
2.She has a little bread for breakfast.（对划线部分提问）
3.There is a piece of bread on the plate.（改为复数句）
4.We need a lot of water every day.（改为否定句）
5.He drinks some juice after dinner.（改为一般疑问句）
（四）单选（10道）
1.There is ________ milk in the fridge. Let's go and buy some.
A. a little B. little C. a few D. few
2.-How much ________ do you want -Two kilos.
A. potato B. potatoes C. meat D. meats
3.Can you give me ________ advice on how to solve this problem
A. an B. a C. some D. many
4.There is ________ useful information in the book.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
5.He doesn't have ________ money to buy a new bike.
A. many B. much C. a few D. few
6.-Would you like some ________ -Yes, please.
A. apple B. apples C. water D. waters
7.Eating too much ________ is bad for your teeth.
A. chocolate B. chocolates C. tomato D. tomatoes
8.There is a ________ of salt on the table.
A. piece B. bottle C. packet D. glass
9.We need ________ sleep to keep healthy.
A. enough B. many C. a few D. few
10.________ news is important for us.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
（五）翻译句子（5道）
1.瓶子里有一些水。
2.我想要一杯牛奶。
3.我们需要足够的食物和水。
4.吃太多糖对健康有害。
5.请给我两片面包。
（六）短文填空（考查语法在语篇中的应用）
Health is very important to us. We need to have a healthy lifestyle.
For breakfast, I usually have a bowl of 1. ________ (porridge) and a glass of 2. ________ (milk). Sometimes, I also eat a piece of 3. ________ (bread). Porridge gives me energy for the morning.
At lunch, I like to eat rice with some 4. ________ (meat) and lots of vegetables. Vegetables are rich in vitamins and are good for our health. After lunch, I often have a 5. ________ (yogurt). It's delicious and helps with digestion.
In the evening, I don't eat too much. I usually have some soup and a little 6. ________ (fish). Before going to bed, I drink a glass of warm 7. ________ (water) to keep myself hydrated.
To keep fit, I also exercise regularly. I go for a walk after dinner every day. I know that getting enough 8. ________ (exercise) and having a good diet are both important for a healthy lifestyle.
On weekends, I sometimes make 9. ________ (coffee) for myself. I enjoy the smell and taste of it. But I know I can't drink too much 10. ________ (coffee) because it's not good for my sleep.
答案
（一）短语汉译英答案
a cup of tea
a bowl of soup
a piece of bread
a piece of chocolate
a bag of rice
a kilo of meat
some milk
much water
a little juice
a lot of/lots of salt
enough food
too much sugar
a healthy diet
keep healthy/stay healthy
get enough sleep
in a healthy way
be good for
provide energy for
two cartons of yogurt
three cups of coffee
（二）词汇运用答案
any
bread
coffee
rice
milk
juice
water
paper
meat
salt
enough
less
yogurt
sugar
food
porridge
honey
advice
news
information
（三）句型转换答案
Is there any milk in the glass
What does she have for breakfast
There are some pieces of bread on the plate.
We don't need a lot of water every day.
Does he drink any juice after dinner
（四）单选答案
1-5 BCCDB 6-10 CACAD
（五）翻译句子答案
There is some water in the bottle.
I'd like a glass of milk.
We need enough food and water.
Eating too much sugar is bad for health.
Please give me two pieces of bread.
（六）短文填空答案
porridge
milk
bread
meat
yogurt
fish
water
exercise
coffee
coffee