Unit 5 A healthy lifestyle可数名词预习讲义（含答案） 译林版（2024）七年级上册

2024新译林版英语七年级上册Unit5 A healthy lifestyle预习讲义（可数名词）
一、可数名词知识梳理
（一）定义
可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西 ，因此它有复数形式。当它的复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用复数形式。
（二）复数变化规则
1.一般情况：在名词词尾直接加-s 。例如：
book - books（书）
pen - pens（钢笔）
boy - boys（男孩）
2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾：在词尾加-es 。例如：
bus - buses（公共汽车）
box - boxes（盒子）
watch - watches（手表）
dish - dishes（盘子）
3.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾：先将y改为i，再加-es 。例如：
city - cities（城市）
family - families（家庭）
story - stories（故事）
3.以o结尾：通常有生命的加-es，无生命的加-s 。例如：
有生命：potato - potatoes（土豆） tomato - tomatoes（西红柿）
无生命：piano - pianos（钢琴） radio - radios（收音机）
4.以f或fe结尾：要将f或fe改为v，再加-es 。例如：
half - halves（一半）
leaf - leaves（树叶）
knife - knives（刀）
（三）不规则变化
1.特殊单词变化：
man - men（男人）
woman - women（女人）
foot - feet（脚）
tooth - teeth（牙齿）
child - children（孩子）
2.单复数同形：
sheep - sheep（绵羊）
deer - deer（鹿）
Chinese - Chinese（中国人）
Japanese - Japanese（日本人）
（四）用法注意
1.可数名词单数形式前常用不定冠词a/an ，表示“一个”。当它的单数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语也应用单数形式。例如：There is an apple on the table.（桌上有个苹果。） A dog is running.（一只狗在跑。）
2.可数名词复数形式在句子中作主语时，句子的谓语应用复数形式。例如：The books are interesting.（这些书很有趣。）
知识演练场
（一）写出下列单词的复数形式（20个）
1.apple - ________ 2.orange - ________ 3.box - ________
4.bus - ________ 5.watch - ________ 6.family - ________
7.city - ________ 8.potato - ________ 9.tomato - ________
10.photo - ________11.knife - ________ 12.leaf - ________
13.child - ________ 14.man - ________ 15.woman - ________
16.sheep - ________ 17.deer - ________ 18.boy - ________
19.day - ________ 20.key - ________
（二）词汇运用（结合语境考查词形变化与拼写）（20道）
There are many ________ (child) playing in the park.
These ________ (box) are very heavy.
The ________ (knife) on the table are very sharp.
My two ________ (foot) hurt after a long walk.
The ________ (man) over there are my uncles.
How many ________ (sheep) are there on the farm
There are some_______(tomato) and_______(potato) in the basket.
I have two new ________ (watch). One is for me, and the other is for my brother.
The ________ (family) in this neighborhood are all very friendly.
These ________ (photo) were taken during my trip to Beijing.
There are a lot of ________ (book) in the library.
The ________ (boy) in our class like playing football.
I saw some ________ (deer) in the forest yesterday.
The ________ (leaf) on the tree turn yellow in autumn.
We need to buy some ________ (dish) for the new house.
The ________ (woman) doctors are very kind to the patients.
There are many ________ (city) in China.
I like eating ________ (strawberry).
How many ________ (piano) are there in the music room
The little ________ (child) is crying because he can't find his mother.
（三）句型转换（10个）
This is a tomato.（改为复数句）
2.That is an orange.（改为复数句）
3.There is a box on the desk.（改为复数句）
4.He has a new watch.（改为复数句）
5.The man is a teacher.（改为复数句）
6.These are knives.（改为单数句）
7.Those are children.（改为单数句）
8.They are women doctors.（改为单数句）
9.There are some apples on the tree.（改为单数句）
10.The boys are playing basketball.（对划线部分提问）
（四）单选（10道）
1.There are two ________ in the room.
A. box B. boxes C. boxs D. boxse
2.-How many ________ do you have -I have three.
A. watch B. watches C. watchs D. watchse
3.These ________ are from America.
A. man B. mans C. men D. mens
4.There are many ________ in the zoo.
A. deer B. deers C. deeres D. deer's
5.The ________ on the table are delicious.
A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. tomato's
6.-What are those -They are ________.
A. photo B. photos C. photoes D. photo's
7.There are five ________ in the classroom.
A. child B. childs C. children D. childrens
8.I need some ________ to cut the paper.
A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. knife's
9.These ________ are very beautiful.
A. leaf B. leafs C. leaves D. leaf's
10.The ________ are flying kites in the park.
A. boy B. boys C. boies D. boy's
（五）翻译句子（10道）
1.桌子上有两个苹果。
2.那些是西红柿吗？
3.我有很多书。
4.孩子们正在操场上玩。
5.教室里有一些盒子。
6.那些女士是一名医生。
7.这些刀很锋利。
8.树上有很多叶子。
9.农场里有五只绵羊。
10.你有多少支钢笔？
（六）短文填空（考查语法在语篇中的应用）
My name is Tom.I have a happy family.There are four 1. ________ (people) in my family, my father, my mother, my sister and I. My father is a 2. ________ (work). He works in a factory. My mother is a 3. ________ (teach). She teaches English in a middle school. My sister and I are students. We are in the same school, but in different 4. ________ (class).
There is a small garden in front of our house. There are many beautiful 5. ________ (flower) in it. In spring, the 6. ________ (flower) come out and the garden looks very nice. My sister and I often play games in the garden after school.
On weekends, my family often go to the park. We take some 7. ________ (sandwich) and drinks with us. We have a picnic there. We all enjoy 8. ________ (we) very much.
I love my family and our 9. ________ (life). We always help each other and have a good time together. I hope we can be happy 10. ________ (forever).
答案
（一）写出下列单词的复数形式答案
apples
oranges
boxes
buses
watches
families
cities
potatoes
tomatoes
photos
knives
leaves
children
men
women
sheep
deer
boys
days
keys
（二）词汇运用答案
children
boxes
knives
feet
men
sheep
tomatoes; potatoes
watches
families
photos
books
boys
deer
leaves
dishes
women
cities
strawberries
pianos
child
（三）句型转换答案
These are tomatoes.
Those are oranges.
There are some boxes on the desk.
They have new watches.
The men are teachers.
This is a knife.
That is a child.
She is a woman doctor.
There is an apple on the tree.
What are the boys doing
（四）单选答案
1-5 BBCAC 6-10 BCCCB
（五）翻译句子答案
There are two apples on the table.
Are those tomatoes
I have many books.
The children are playing on the playground.
There are some boxes in the classroom.
Those women are doctors.
These knives are very sharp.
There are many leaves on the tree.
There are five sheep on the farm.
How many pens do you have
（六）短文填空答案
people
worker
teacher
classes
flowers
flowers
sandwiches
ourselves
life
forever