七年级上册第七单元特殊疑问句的用法及练习
一、特殊疑问句的结构
(一)特殊疑问句由疑问词开头,结构为 “疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。
(二)疑问词类别及引导的特殊疑问句的结构差异
1、疑问代词(what, who, which, whose等)
(1)在句中作主语或修饰主语时,句子用陈述句语序,结构为“疑问代词(主语) + 谓语 + 其他”
例句:①What is in the box 盒子里有什么?
②Who is that girl? 那个女孩是谁?
③What is this 这是什么?
(2)作宾语、表语等时,结构为“疑问代词 + 一般疑问句(系动词/助动词 + 主语 + 其他)”
例句:①Who do you like 你喜欢谁?
②What do you have 你有什么?
2、疑问副词(when, where, why, how等)
结构为“疑问副词 + 一般疑问句(系动词 / 助动词 + 主语 + 其他)”
例句:①When do you get up 你什么时候起床?
②Where is your pen 你的钢笔在哪里?
③How do you go to school 你怎样去上学?
3、疑问形容词(what/which/whose+名词)
结构为疑问形容词(what/which/whose +名词) + 一般疑问句(系动词/助动词+主语+其他)”
例句:①What color is the T-shirt 这件 T 恤是什么颜色的?
②Which class are you in 你在哪个班级?
③Whose book is this 这是谁的书?
二、特殊疑问句的不同疑问词的用法
(一)what:“什么”,对活动、事物或人的职业等进行提问。
例句:
(1)What's this 这是什么?
(2)What is your job 你是做什么工作的?
可与其他名词搭配:
例句:
(1)What class/grade are you in 你在几班/年级?
(2)What color is her skirt 她的裙子是什么颜色的?
(3)What time do you usually get up 你通常几点起床?
(二)when:“什么时候”,对时间进行提问,可指具体时间点或时间段。
例句:
(1)When does he come back 他何时回来?
(2)When is your birthday 你的生日是什么时候?
(三)where:“哪里”,对地点进行提问。
例句:
(1)Where is she from 她来自哪里?
(2)Where are you going 你要去哪里?
(四)who:“谁”,对姓名和身份进行提问,在句中可作主语或宾语。
例句:
(1)Who is that girl 那个女孩是谁?
(2)Who do you want to see 你想见谁?
(五)why:“为什么”,对原因进行提问,回答常用 because 引导的句子。
例句:
(1)Why do you like the hat 你为什么喜欢这顶帽子?
(2)—Why are you late 你为什么迟到?
—Because I missed the bus. 因为我错过了公交车。
(六)whose:“谁的”,对所属关系进行提问,可修饰名词。
例句:
(1)Whose bottle is this 这是谁的瓶子?
(2)Whose book is on the desk 桌子上的书是谁的?
(七)which:“哪一个,哪些”,对特定范围内的人或物进行提问。
例句:
(1)Which box is yours 哪个盒子是你的?
(2)Which students will go to the party 哪些学生将去参加派对?
(八)how:“怎么样”,对方式或程度进行提问
例句:
(1)How does she go to school 她怎样去上学?
(2)How are you 你好吗?
可与其他词构成词组提问:
例句:
(1)how many “多少”,对可数名词的数量进行提问。
例句:
How many apples are there in the bag 袋子里有多少个苹果?
(2)how much “多少”,对不可数名词的数量或价钱进行提问。
例句:
①How much water is there in the bottle 瓶子里有多少水?
②How much is it 这个多少钱?
(3)how old “几岁”,对年龄进行提问。
例句:
How old is your brother 你的弟弟几岁了?
(4)how often “多长时间一次”,对频率进行提问。
例如:
How often do you go to visit your grandparents
你多久去看望一次你的爷爷奶奶?
(5)how tall “多高”,对身高、高度进行提问。
例句:
How tall is the building 这个建筑物多高?
(6)how long “多长/多久”,对长度或时间段进行提问。
①How long is the bridge 这座桥多长?
②How long does it take you to walk to school every day
你每天步行上学需要多长时间?
(7)how far “多远”,对距离进行提问。
例句:
How far is it from your home to the post office 你家离邮局多远?
三、特殊疑问句的答句
(1)回答特殊疑问句时不能用 yes 或者 no,而要针对问题进行回答,即问什么答什么。
(2)回答时可用一个词或短语,也可用一个完整的句子。
例如:
① —How old are you 你几岁了?
—I'm thirteen. 我十三岁了。
② —Who always gets to school early 谁总是提早到学校?
—Henry. 亨利。
③ —Where do you live 你住在哪儿?
—In Beijing. 在北京。
四、特殊疑问句的易错原因
(一)语序错误
在构成特殊疑问句时,忘记将 be 动词、助动词或情态动词放在主语前面,导致语序错误。
例如:
(1)这部电影什么时候开始?
①What time the movie starts (×)
②What time does the movie start (√)
(2)他如何解决问题?
①How he can solve the problem (×)
②How can he solve the problem (√)
巩固训练
1、— is your English teacher
—She's in the classroom.
A. What B. Where C. Where's
答案:B
解析:对地点提问用 where
— do you have lunch
—At 12:00.
A. What time B. What C. When time
答案:A
解析:问具体时间用 what time
— these red trousers
—They're 50 yuan.
A. How much is B. How much are C. How many are
答案:B
解析:trousers是复数,be动词用 are
提升训练
— your mother go to work
—By bus.
A. How do B. How does C. What does
2、 — is the girl in the photo
—She's my sister.
A. Who B. Whose C. Who's
3、 — do you like history
—Because it's interesting.
A. What B. Why C. How
(二)助动词遗漏
当句中谓语动词是实义动词时,变特殊疑问句需要加上助动词。
例如:
(1)她喜欢吃什么?
①What she likes to eat (×)
②What does she like to eat (√)
(2)他有几本书?
①How many books he has (×)
②How many books does he have (√)
巩固训练
— he have a soccer ball
—Yes, he does.
A. Do B. Does C. Is
答案:B
解析:主语 he 是第三人称单数,实义动词 have 需用助动词 does
2、 — they go to school at 7:30
—No, they don't.
A. Do B. Does C. Are
3、 —What she for breakfast
—Eggs and milk.
A. do; have B. does; has C. does; have
答案:A
解析:主语 they 是复数,助动词用 do
提升训练
1、— your parents TV in the evening
—Yes, they do.
A. Do; watch B. Does; watch C. Do; watches
2、 —What the students do after class
—They play games.
A. do B. does C. is
3、 —How much the jacket
—It's 80 yuan.
A. do; cost B. does; cost C. is; cost
(三)疑问词作主语时的陈述语序
当疑问词作主语时,句子要用陈述句语序,但容易错误地使用疑问句语序。
例如:
(1)什么使你开心?
①What does make you happy (×)
②What makes you happy (√)
(2)哪一个是属于你的?
①Which does belong to you (×)
Which belongs to you (√)
巩固训练
1、— is in the box
—A pencil.
A. What B. What's C. What does
答案:A
解析:what 作主语时用陈述句语序,无需加助动词
2、— teaches you math
—Mr. Wang.
A. Who B. Who's C. Who does
答案:A
解析:who 作主语时直接加谓语,教材 Who helps you with English 同理。
3、— happened to your bike
—It's broken.
A. What B. What's C. What does
答案:A
解析:what 作主语时用陈述句语序,happen 是谓语动词,无需加助动词。
提升训练
1、— is your favorite food
—Noodles.
A. What B. What's C. How
2、 — runs fast in your class
—Tom.
A. Who B. Who's C. Whom
3、 — book is on the chair
—Mine.
A. Which B. Which's C. What
(四)特殊疑问词选择错误
对不同特殊疑问词的含义和用法理解不清晰,导致在提问时选择了错误的特殊疑问词。
例如:
(1)你父亲是做什么的?
①When is your father He is a doctor.(×)
②What is your father (√)
(2)玻璃杯中有多少水?
①How many water is there in the glass (×)
②How much water is there in the glass (√)
(3)为什么你喜欢这部电影?因为它有趣。
①Where do you like the movie Because it's interesting.(×)
②Why do you like the movie Because it's interesting.(√)
巩固训练
1、— students are there in your class
—45.
A. How much B. How many C. What
答案:B
解析:students 是可数名词复数,用 how many
2、 — is the milk
—Two yuan a bottle.
A. How many B. How much C. What
答案:B
解析:对价格提问用 how much
3、— is your birthday
—On July 5th.
A. What B. Where C. When
答案:C
解析:对日期提问用 when
提升训练
1、— do you go to the movies
—Once a month.
A. How long B. How often C. How many
2、 — is the river
—About 500 meters.
A. How long B. How far C. How much
3、 — is your new friend from
—Canada.
A. What B. Where C. Who
提升训练答案汇总
(一)
1、答案:B
解析:主语 your mother 是第三人称单数,助动词用 does
2、答案:A
解析:对身份提问用 who,句中已有 is,排除 C
3、答案:B
解析:回答用 because,提问用 why
(二)
1、答案:A
解析:主语 parents 是复数,助动词用 do
2、答案:A
解析:主语 students 是复数,助动词用 do
3、答案:B
解析:主语 jacket 是三单,实义动词 cost 需用 does
(三)
1、答案:A
解析:what 作主语时直接加 be 动词,无需重复 is
2、答案:A
解析:who 作主语时用陈述句语序,谓语动词 runs 用三单形式。
3、答案:A
解析:which 修饰 book 作主语,用陈述句语序。
(四)
1、答案:B
解析:对频率提问用 how often
2、答案:A
解析:对长度提问用 how long
3、答案:B
解析:对地点提问用 where
七上Uint7特殊疑问句专项训练
一、单项选择题(从下列选项中,选出唯一正确的选项)
1、— is your favorite fruit —Apples.
A. What B. Who C. Where
2、— do you visit your grandparents —Once a week.
A. How long B. How often C. How much
3、— pen is this —It's Lily's.
A. What B. Which C. Whose
4、— are the children playing —In the park.
A. When B. Where C. Why
5、— does your mother go to work —By bike.
A. How B. What C. Who
6、— students are there in your class —Thirty - five.
A. How much B. How many C. What
7、— is the red sweater —It's 50 yuan.
A. How many B. How much C. What
8、— is your birthday —It's on May 1st.
A. What B. When C. Where
9、— do you like summer —Because I can swim.
A. Why B. What C. How
10、— is that man over there —He's my uncle.
A. Who B. Whose C. Which
二、对划线部分提问(将问句写在下面的横线上)
1、She has a cat.
2、They go to school at 7:30.
3、My favorite subject is English.
4、The books are on the desk.
5、He often plays basketball with his friends.
6、I get up early because I want to read books.
7、There are five apples in the box.
8、The blue coat is mine.
9、We usually have dinner at home.
10、Tom's father is a doctor.
三、填空题(根据括号里的提示,填写相应的疑问词)
1、— do you spell "book" —B-O-O-K. (方式)
2、— is your English teacher —Miss Wang. (人)
3、— is the weather today —It's sunny. (天气)
4、— class are you in —I'm in Class Two. (哪一个)
5、— much water do you drink every day
—Two glasses.(不可数名词)
四、句子翻译(将下列句子翻译成中文,写在横线上)
1、你爸爸是做什么工作的?
2、这些香蕉多少钱?
3、你为什么喜欢数学?
4、他每天什么时候回家?
5、那是谁的书包?
五、句子改错(找出下列句子的错误,修改后填在下列横线上)
1、What time is your brother get up
2、What color are that dress
3、How many money do you have
4、Why you like playing football
5、Where does your parents live
七上Uint7特殊疑问句专项训练答案
一、单项选择
1、A
解析:询问最喜欢的水果是什么,用 what。
2、B
解析:根据答语 “一周一次”,可知是对频率提问,用 how often。
3、C
解析:询问钢笔是谁的,用 whose。
4、B
解析:根据答语 “在公园里”,可知是对地点提问,用 where。
5、A
解析:根据答语 “骑自行车”,可知是对方式提问,用 how。
6、B
解析:students 是可数名词复数,对数量提问用 how many。
7、B
解析:询问毛衣的价格,用 how much。
8、B
解析:询问生日在什么时候,用 when。
9、A
解析:根据答语 “因为我可以游泳”,可知是对原因提问,用 why。
10、A
解析:询问那个男人是谁,用 who。
二、对划线部分提问
1、What does she have
解析:划线部分是物品,用 what 提问,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用 does。
2、What time do they go to school
解析:划线部分是时间点,用 what time 提问,主语是复数,助动词用 do。
3、What is your favorite subject
解析:划线部分是学科,用 what 提问。
4、Where are the books
解析:划线部分是地点,用 where 提问。
5、Who does he often play basketball with
解析:划线部分是人,用 who 提问,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用 does。
6、Why do you get up early
解析:划线部分是原因,用 why 提问,主语是 you,助动词用 do。
7、How many apples are there in the box
解析:划线部分是可数名词的数量,用 how many 提问。
8、Which coat is yours
解析:划线部分是特定的外套,用 which 提问。
9、Where do you usually have dinner
解析:划线部分是地点,用 where 提问,主语是 you,助动词用 do。
10、What is Tom's father
解析:划线部分是职业,用 what 提问。
三、填空题
1、How
解析:询问如何拼写,用 how。
2、Who
解析:询问谁是英语老师,用 who。
3、How
解析:询问天气怎么样,用 how。
4、Which
解析:询问在哪个班级,用 which。
5、How
解析:water 是不可数名词,对数量提问用 how much。
四、句子翻译
1、What does your father do
解析:询问职业用 what,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用 does。
2、How much are these bananas
解析:询问价格用 how much,bananas 是复数,be 动词用 are。
3、Why do you like math
解析:询问原因用 why,主语是 you,助动词用 do。
4、When does he go home every day
解析:询问时间用 when,主语是第三人称单数,助动词用 does。
5、Whose schoolbag is that
解析:询问谁的书包用 whose。
五、改错题
1、What time does your brother get up
解析:主语是第三人称单数,助动词用 does,is 改为 does。
2、What color is that dress
解析:that dress 是单数,be 动词用 is,are 改为 is。
3、How much money do you have
解析:money 是不可数名词,用 how much 提问,many 改为 much。
4、Why do you like playing football
解析:主语是 you,助动词用 do,句中缺少 do。
5、Where do your parents live
解析:主语是复数,助动词用 do,does 改为 do。