2026届高考英语二轮复习：状语从句 课件(共56张PPT)

(共56张PPT)
语法总复习专题九
状语从句
观察下列句中的划线部分，并说明在句中所充当的成分
(1) Tom speaks English very fast.
(2) The scenery here is especially beautiful.
(3) The meeting is going to be held in Room 321 tomorrow morning.
(4) Arriving there, you can call me.
(5) We' ll go where the people need us.
状语/状语从句的定义
1.什么是状语？
在一个句子中，用来修饰实义动词（词组）、形容词（短语）、副词或整个句子的成分，叫做状语。
2.什么能充当状语？
能充当状语的成分包括：副词、介词短语、非谓语动词、从句。
3.状语的位置？
状语的位置极其灵活，可以随意放置在句中，但是放在句首或句末的情况居多。如果放在句首的话，通常用逗号隔开。
我在妈妈出去的时候吃了一颗苹果。
主语
时间状语从句
时间状语
谓语
when my mother was out.
句子
I ate an apple yesterday.
我昨天吃了一颗苹果。
宾语
时间状语
状语/状语从句的定义
I ate an apple
我在我买苹果的地方吃了一颗苹果。
主语
地点状语从句
地点状语
谓语
where I bought it.
句子
I ate an apple at home.
我在家里吃了一颗苹果。
宾语
地点状语
状语/状语从句的定义
I ate an apple
由一个句子充当状语，表明谓语动作或谓语状态发生的时间、地点、原因、条件、结果、目的、方式等情况，叫状语从句，该句子常用连词引导。
e.g. 1) He was tired for a long walk.
2) He was tired because he walked long.
3) You should take an umbralla with you in case of rain.
4) You should take an umbralla with you in case it will rain.
原因状语
原因状语从句
让步状语
让步状语从句
状语/状语从句的定义
考点1 时间状语从句
时间状语从句
【典例】(2020·全国卷Ⅲ) __________he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
考查时间状语从句的连词
When引导时间状语从句，符合语境。
首先判断是否用连词，与定语从句要区别开来。连词连接的往往是两个完整的句子，其中一个用连词连接，是状语从句。如果其中一个句子中缺少成分，那么就是定语从句，不能用引导状语从句的连词。
When
when
while
as
before / after
as soon as
till/until
since
普
通
连
词
特
殊
连
词
the moment
the minute
the second
the instant
every/each time
next time
any time
by the time
the first time
immediately
directly
instantly
时间状语从句
(1) 当连词后面从句的谓语动词为______________,表示“__________”，when/while/as 都可以用；当连词后面从句的谓语动词为____________, 只能用_______ /______。
延续性动词
当...时候
短暂性动词
when as
e.g. 1) His phone rang when/while/as he was sleeping.
2) His phone rang when/as he opened his eyes.
when/while/as
(2) 在“正在做......这时突然......_____________________”以及“正要做...这时突然...________________________”句型中，只能用when。【when包含“突然”的意思】
e.g. 1) I was walking in the park when suddenly it started to rain.
2) Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by a bird.
when/while/as
be doing sth. when...
be about to do sth. when...
(3) 表示两件事对比转折，意为”______”，只能用while;
表示让步关系放句首，意为”____________”，用while。
e.g. 1) I was doing the dishes while my husband was watching TV.
2) While I admit the problems are difficult, I don’t agree that they can’t be solved.
when/while/as
然而
虽然，尽管
(4) 在时间状语从句中表示的意思为”_________________”或”__________”，只能用as。
e.g. 1) He talked as he walked along the street.
2) As time passed, things seemed to get better.
when/while/as
一边...一边...
随着
(1) before“在...之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前;
(2) after “在...之后”表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后;
(3) since“自从...”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。
It is / has been + 一段时间+since从句表示“自从.......以来，已经有多久时间了” 。
before / after / since
e.g. ① ______ they got to the bus stop, the bus had gone.
② We haven't seen each other ______ we parted.
③ I will go to play basketball ______ I finish my homework.
Before
since
after
① 我会等到他到达为止。 I will wait____________________.
② 待在这里直到我回来。Stay here______________________.
③ 直到他来了，我才完成我的作业。
I didn’t __________________________________.
till/until he arrives.
till/until I come back.
*用until/till时，主句的动词是延续性动作，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。
*用not...until时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。
till / until直到; not (...) until...直到...才...
finish my homework until he came.
直到他来了，我才完成我的作业。
I didn’t finish my homework until he came.
(1) 当”not until...”放句首时，主句用部分倒装;
Not until__________________________________
(2) 当改成强调句(即不放句首)时，不倒装；
It was _______________________________________________
he came, did I finish my homework.
not until he came that I did finish my homework.
till / until直到; not (...) until...直到...才...
特殊连词：一......就.......
e.g. ① I will call you as soon as I arrive.
② The minute I saw her, I fell in love.
③ No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.
④ Hardly had I stepped into the house when the phone rang.
as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...和once从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
hardly/scarcely...when...；no sooner...than... 一...就...
*固定搭配的词要牢记 *时态要注意 *倒装要能认出来
原句：I had hardly played games when my mother came in.
主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时
否定词置于句首用部分倒装，只倒装主句。(倒前不倒后)
倒装：Hardly had I played games when my mother came in.
原句：I had no sooner reached the station than the train left.
倒装：No sooner had I reached the station than the train left.
No sooner + had + sb.+ done ....... + than + sb. + did
Hardly/Scarcely + had + sb.+ done ......... + when + sb.+ did
① By the time I got to the station, the train had already left.
② He will leave for Europe every time spring comes out.
③ Next time I see him, I will tell him the news.
④ She fell in love with the city the first time she visited it.
(1) by the time 到...时为止(从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时）
(2) each/every/next/any time 每次/每次/下一次/任何时候
(3) the first time 第一次
含有time的名词短语
及时巩固
【典例2】He was about halfway through his meal _________ a familiar voice came to his ears.
【典例3】By the time he arrived, we _____________(have) our dinner.
【典例4】Hardly __________________ (he collect) the papers on his desk when the door burst open.
【典例5】________ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.
when
had had
had he collected
While
考点2 地点状语从句
① I will go where you go.
② You can find help wherever you look for it.
③ You can go anywhere you like.
④ Everywhere he goes, people respect him.
引
导
词
where 在.......地方；
anywhere 在每个（任何）地方；
wherever = no matter where 在任何地方；
everywhere 在每个地方；
地点状语从句
地点状语从句
地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。
Where there’s a will, there’s a way.
有志者事竟成。
Where(ver) there’s plenty of sun and rain, the fields are green. 哪里阳光雨水充足，哪里的田野就绿油油。
及时巩固
【典例1】__________ food is hard to find, few birds remain throughout the year.
【典例2】If you are traveling _________ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do.
【典例3】____________ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.
Where
where
Where
考点3 原因状语从句
(1) I didn't go out because it was raining.
because 直接原因，语气最强
(2) As he was tired, he took a rest.
as 不谈自明的原因，语气弱，译为“由于”
(3) It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
for 连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，进行附加说明
原因状语从句
(4) She is a great teacher in that she is very patient.
in that= because 译为“因为”
(5) Since you have decided to go, I will support you.
since 对方已知的既成事实，译为“既然”
(6) Now that you are here, let's start the work.
now that = since “既然”
原因状语从句
考点4 让步状语从句
引 导 词 although / though; even if/even though 虽然、即使、尽管
while 虽然，尽管
whether...or(not)... 不管...还是...
as 虽然，尽管
no matter wh- = wh-ever “无论...”
① 尽管在下雨，我们还是去散步了。
Although it was raining, we still went for a walk.
② 虽然年轻，但他很有才华。
Though he is young, yet he is very talented.
让步状语从句
1. although/though (不与but连用，可与yet, still连用)
2. even if/even though +从句，直接使用，可互换。
③ While I understand what you say, I can't agree with you.
3. while引导让步状从时常位于句首，突出主句和从句的对比。
④ Whether he is happy or not, he never shows it.
⑤ Whether it is sunny or rainy, I will go out for a run.
4. whether...or (not) 不管......还是.......
① Even though she was tired, she continued to work.
② Even if I am busy, I will attend the meeting.
① Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
倒装：Child as he is, he knows a lot.
② Although the exam is difficult,I try my best.
倒装：___________________________________________________
③ Though she runs fast, she can't catch up with him.
倒装：___________________________________________________
5. as引导让步状语从句时，从句语序要部分倒装结构:
n.(无冠词)/adj./adv./v. + as + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他.......
Difficult as the exam is, I try my best.
Fast as she runs, she can't catch up with him.
注意：as引导让步状语从句必须倒装，though可以倒装，although一定不能到装。
① Whatever / No matter what you do, I support you.
② Whenever / No matter when I think of you, I feel happy.
③ Wherever / No matter where you go, I will follow.
④ Whoever leave the room ought to turn off the light.
⑤ It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
whatever/whenever/wherever/whoever/whichever/however
无论什么/无论何时/无论那里/无论谁/无论哪一个/无论怎样
6. no matter wh-- = wh--ever “无论.......，不管......”
让步状语从句
及时巩固
【典例1】We’ll have to finish the job，____________ long it takes.
【典例2】We’ll try our best to save the hero, ___________ the cost it may be.
【典例3】There are three cakes for you, you can take _____________ you like.
【典例4】I’d like to talk with ____________ is in charge of the department.
however
whatever
whichever
whoever
考点5 条件状语从句
引 导 词 if (如果) / unless(除非) 【unless = if not】
only if (只要........) / if only(要是.......就好了)
provided (that) (假如) in case(如果)
as/so long as(只要) on condition that(如果)
① We will not give the show if it rains next Monday.
② If you eat too much, you will put on weight.
③ You'll not know China unless you go closer to it.
(1) if (假如，如果）/ unless = if not (除非；如果不...)
注意“主将从现”原则。
条件状语从句
(2) if only【要是......就好了，谓语动词用虚拟语气。】
If only I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.
If only she would try again.
If only I wasn’t going to London.
If only you had come to my birthday party.
I will come home only if you come with me.
You will pass the exam only if you study hard.
→ Only if you study hard ________________________
will you pass the exam.
*only+状语放句首，句子用部分倒装。
(3) only if 【只要/有.......，状语从句置于句首主句用部分倒装。】
(4) provided (that) 假如，在.......条件下
in case 如果，万一
as/so long as 只要
on condition that 如果，条件是......
① I will go with you provided that I have enough time.
② In case he comes, let me know.
③ You can stay here as long as you keep quiet.
④ I will help you on condition that you promise to work hard.
考点6 目的状语从句
(1) He gets up early every day in order that he can catch the first bus.
(2) I study hard so that I can pass the exam.
(3) She tiptoed lest she (should) wake up the baby.
(4) He locked the door for fear that someone (should) break in.
(5) Take an umbrella in case it (should)rain.
引
导
词
in order that以便，为了；
so that 以便，为了；
lest/for fear that/in case
以免，以防 (一般用在虚拟语气中)；
虚拟语气表示事情并没有真的发生；should一般没有实际意义,可省略。
目的状语从句
【注意】以下为目的状语：
(1) so + 形容词/副词+as to do sth.“为了”
(2) in order to do sth “为了”；“目的是”
(3) in case of +名词 / doing sth “以防；以免”
(1)他如此努力地学习为了进入一所重点大学。
He studies __________________get into a key university.
(2)为了去做那份工作，你肯定已经辞去了另一份工。_____________take that job, you must have left another job.
(3)万一发生火灾，我们应该保持冷静，尽快离开。_________fire, we should stay calm and leave as quickly as possible.
so hard as to
In order to
In case of
考点7 结果状语从句
引导词
so/such...that...如此...以至于...
so that 结果是
(1) 这个箱子如此重以至于我搬不起来。
The box __________________ I can’t lift it.
(2) 他是如此善良的一个人以至于每个人都喜欢他。
He is ______________________everyone likes him.
(3) 她努力学习，因此取得了优异的成绩。
She studied hard ___________she achieved excellent grades.
is so heavy that
such a kind person that
so that
结果状语从句
1) He is _____ a clever boy that all of us like him.
2) They are _____ nice apples that we would like to eat them.
3) The film is _____ interesting that I want to see it again.
4) He ran _____ fast that he soon caught up with the others.
5) There is _____ little time left that we have to speed up.
6) There were _____ few students registered that the class was canceled.
such
such
so
so
so
so
【注意】so...that...与such...that...的区别：
名前such，形、副so，that从句跟在后，多多少少必用so；
特别注意是little/few，“小”用such，“少”用so。
so that 既可以引导目的状语从句【以便，为了】，
也可以引导结果状语从句【结果是，所以】:
(1) He left early, so that he caught the train.
(2) He left early so that he could catch the train.
目的/结果状语从句
① 语言环境 (说话人想表达的意思)
② 目的状语从句一般有情态动词(could/should/might)
及时巩固
【典例1】I live in such a prosperous and stable country ________I feel a sense of pride and safety.
【典例2】He earned _____ little money that he couldn’t support his family.
【典例3】I have bought ________ a watch that was advertised on TV.
【典例4】Whitney Houston's sudden death suggests that drug abuse is such a serious problem ________ we should deal with it properly.
that
so
such
that
考点8 方式状语从句
(1) Do in Rome as the Romans do.
(2) She stood at the door as if (=as though) she were waiting for someone.
(3) Most plants need sunlight just as they need water.
(1) as 按照，像
(2) as if / though 好像
(3) just as 正如...
方式状语从句
考点9 比较状语从句
① He can run as fast _____ I can.
② She is not so weak _____ she looks.
③ He works the same _____ he used to.
as
as
as
(1) as...as... 和...一样
(2) not so(as)...as... 和...不一样
(3) the same as... 和...一样
比较状语从句
④The youth of today are better off _____ we used to be.
⑤The more careful you are, the ________ (few) mistakes you will make.
than
fewer
(4) 比较级+ than 比...更...
(5) the+比较级, the+比较级 越... 越...
比较状语从句
考点10 状语从句的省略
状语从句的省略
在状语从句(主要是时间、地点、方式和让步状语从句)中，如果① 从句的主语与主句的主语相一致并且 ② 含有be动词时，
可以把从句的主语和be动词一起省略。可以使用这种结构的引导词主要有：if, when, while, unless, once, until, although等。
(1) While (she was) listening to the radio, she fell asleep.
(2) Once (I was) off that long street, I found myself in some very poor quarters.
(3) When (she was) leaving the house, she was heard to make some commonplace remarks to her husband.
(4) He gave good practical advice when (he was) asked.
(5) Don't say anything unless (you are) asked．
及时巩固
【典例1】(全国卷I) Film has a much shorter history, especially when _____________(compare) to such art forms as music and painting.
考查时间状语从句的省略
主语film是compare这个动作的受动者，所以用过去分词表被动。故填compared。
compared
状语从句省略后，只剩下不定式(to do)短语、现在分词(doing)短语和过去分词(done)短语，表示“将要做的事情”用不定式(to do)短语；表示“主动的动作”用现在分词(doing)短语；表示“被动且完成的动作”用过去分词(done)短语。
写作：任意一个句子都可以增加状语。 I am reading the book.
【加个副词(短语)】I am reading the book diligently.
【加个时间】I am reading the book at the moment.
【加个地点】I am reading the book on the playground.
【加个原因】I am reading the book because it is so interesting and attractive.
【加个让步状语】Although I don’t want to study, I am reading the book .
【加个结果状语】I am reading the book so crazily that I forget to sleep at night.
【加个目的状语】I am reading the book in order that I can improve my grammar as quickly as possible.
【加个比较状语】As diligently as a bee, I am reading the book.
状语和状语从句的应用
Thanks