人教新版八年级下册英语语法《延续性动词与非延续性动词》讲练（无答案）

延续性动词与非延续性动词
英语动词根据词义可分为两种,一种是延续性
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的,一种是终止性的,终止性动词(也可称为非延续性动词,瞬间动词,或点动词),如begin,start,die,buy,leave,
come等,表示动作的发生与结束于一瞬间完成,不能再延续,所以它的现在完成时不能和表示延续的时间状语连用,即不能与表示一段时间的状语,for+时间段,
since+时间点/从句连用,也不能用在how
long引导的特殊疑问句中.
eg.
I've
left
Shangha
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )i
for
three
days.(×)
I've
been
away
from
Shanghai
for
three
days.(
√
).
I
left
Shanghai
three
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
days
ago.
(
√
)
It
is
/has
been
three
days
since
I
left
Shanghai.(
√
)
常见终止性动词有:leav
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e,
go,
come,
arrive,
begin,
buy,
borrow,
die,
join,
become等.终止性动词要表示持续时,
可用以下方法:
⑴.将时间状语改为时间段
+
ago,句中谓语动词用一般过去时.
eg.我弟弟参军两年了.
My
brother
joined
the
army
two
years
ago.
⑵.若保留for+时间段,since+时间点/从句,
或用在
how
long
句型中,则需将终止性动词改为相应的状态动词或延续性动词
常见终止性动词与延续性动词(或状态动词)的对应关系如下
come/go/arrive/get/reach/move------be
in/at
open-----be
open
die------be
dead
cl
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ose----be
closed
become---be
borrow---keep
begin/start-----be
on
put
on----wear
leave-----be
away
(from)
buy-----have
fall
asleep----be
asleep
end/finish-----be
over
catch
a
cold-----have
a
cold
join
the
army----be
in
the
army
be
a
soldier
join
the
Party----be
in
the
Party
be
a
Party
member
→My
brother
has
b
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een
in
the
army
for
two
years.
→My
brother
has
been
a
soldier
for
two
years
延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换
非延续性动词
延续性动词
现在完成时
borrow
keep
have
kept
get
to
know
know
have
known
catch
a
cold
have
a
cold
have
had
a
cold
buy
have
have
had
die
be
dead
have
been
dead
open
be
open
have
been
open
close
be
closed
have
been
closed
get
married
be
married
have
been
married
fall
ill
be
ill
have
been
ill
fall
asleep
be
asleep
have
been
asleep
leave
sp.
be
away
from
sp.
have
been
away
from
sp.
return
be
back
have
been
back
go
to
bed
be
in
bed
have
been
in
bed
come
here
be
here
have
been
here
go
there
be
there
have
been
there
go
out
be
out
have
been
out
get
up
be
up
have
been
up
start/
begin
be
on
have
been
on
finish/
end
be
over
have
been
over
become
be
have
been
join
be
a
member
of
have
been
a
member
of
come
to
the
island
be
on
the
island
have
been
on
the
island
Be
in
have
been
in
go
to
sleep./come
to
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )leep.
Be
in
sleep.
hve
been
in
sleep.
rrive→be
here
begin(start)→be
on
die
→be
dead
come
back→be
back
leave
→be
awa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y
(from)
fall
ill(sick,
asleep)→be
ill(sick,
asleep)
get
up→be
up
go
out
→be
out
finish
→be
over
put
on
→wear/be
on
open
→be
open
join
→be
in/be
a
member
of…
close
→be
closed
go
to
school→be
a
student
borrow
→keep
buy/get
→have
catch(a
cold)→
have(a
cold)
get
to
know
→know
begin
to
study→study
come
to
work→work
move
to
→
live
in/
be
out
of
finish/end
→
be
over
come
to
→
be
in
sit
down
→
be
seated
marry
→
be
married
dress
→
be
dressed
arrive
in
/
at
→
be
in
/
at
lose→be
lost
break→be
broken
wake→be
awake
专项练习
I、把下列瞬间动词转换为延续性动词
buy
catch
(get)
a
cold
put
on
borrow/lend
come/go
/become
go
to
school
join
the
army
join
the
Party
arrive/come/reach
die
finish
begin/start
leave
fall
asleep/ill
close
open
get
up
II、单项选择
1.
When
he
arrived
at
the
bus
stop,
the
bus
________
for
20
minutes.
A.
has
left
B.
had
left
C.
has
been
away
D.
had
been
away
2.
I
______
the
League
for
5
years
so
far.
A.
joined
B.
have
joined
C.
have
been
in
3.
The
factory
________
since
the
February
of
1988.
A
.
has
been
open
B.
has
opened
C.
was
open
D.
opened
4.
Mary
and
Rose
_______friends
since
they
met
in
2000.
A.
have
made
B.
have
been
C.
made
D.
have
become
5.You
mustn't
______
until
he
comes
back.
A.
be
away
B.
leave
C.
be
left
6.The
meeting
_______
for
a
week
now.
A.
has
finished
B.
has
ended
C.
has
been
over
7.Miss
Gao
______
this
school
for
nearly
5
years.
A.
has
been
in
B.
has
come
to
C.
has
taught
8.Ben
______
a
teacher
for
4
years
.
A.
has
been
B.
has
become
C.
was
D.
became
9.
I
______
home
for
a
week.
A.
have
returned
B.
have
been
back
C.
returned
10.
How
long
______
he
______

A.
died
B.
has,
died
C.
has,
been
dead
11.
He
______
at
eight
yesterday
afternoon.
A.
slept
B.
was
sleeping
C.
has
sleep
D.
had
slept
12.He
________
the
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )car
for
a
week.
A.
bought
B.
has
bought
C.
has
had
13.-----How
long
_____
you
_____
ill

-----Two
weeks.
A.
did
fall
B.
have,
fell
C.
have,
been
14.Since
2000,
he
_____
his
hometown.
A.
has
left
B.
has
moved
away
C.
has
been
away
from
15.I'll
lend
you
the
book
,
but
you
can
only
_____
it
for
2
days.
A.
borrow
B.
keep
C.
take
16.The
bus
______
on
the
road
for
2
hours
so
far.
A.
has
stopped
B.
stopped
C.
has
been
17.Are
you
___the
jacket
these
days
A.
wearing
B.
putting
on
C.
dressing
D.
on
18.He
________
foe
2
hours.
A.
got
up
B.
has
got
up
C.
has
been
up
19.
Tom
is
ill
in
hospital.
He
_______
a
cold
for
several
days.
A.
is
B.
catches
C.
has
caught
D.
has
had
20.-----
How
long
can
I
______
the
book
------
Two
weeks.
A.
borrow
B.
lend
C.
get
D.
keep
III、瞬间动词和延续性动词、状态句型转化练习
1、你来晚了，电影已放了10分钟了。
A:
You
are
late.
The
film
for
10
minutes.
B:
You
are
late.
It
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
ten
minutes
since
the
film
.
C:
You
are
late.
The
film
10
minutes
.
2、我叔叔当兵已经有2年了。
A:
My
uncle
the
army
for
2
years.
B:
It
2
years
my
uncle
joined
the
army.
C:
My
uncle
the
army
2
years
ago.
3、Linda
已经感冒4、5天了。
A:
Linda
a
cold
4
to
5
days.
B:
It
4
to
5
days
since
Linda
a
cold
C:
Linda
a
cold
4
or
5
days
.
4、他爷爷去世已经有5年了。
A:
His
grandpa
for
5
years.
B:
It
5
years
since
his
grandpa
.
C:
His
grandpa
5
years
.
5、你来晚了，火车已经开走了20分种了。
A:
You’re
late.
The
t
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rain
for
20
minutes.
B:
It
20
minutes
since
the
train
.
C:
The
train
20
minutes
.
6、他们到深圳已经有3年多了。
A:
They
Shenzhen
for
over
3
years.
B:
It
over
3
years
since
they
Shenzhen.
C:
They
Shenzhen
over
3
years
.
7.
My
father
bought
a
new
car
two
years
ago.
My
father
_____
_____
a
new
car
_____
two
years.
My
father
_____
_____
a
new
car
_____
two
years
ago.
8.Tom
borrowed
this
book
four
days
ago.
Tom
_____
______
this
book
_____
four
days.
Tom
_____
______
this
book
_____
four
days
ago.
9.
The
factory
opened
in
1996.
The
factory
ten
years.
The
factory
since
1996.
10.
Mr.
Wang
reached
Beijing
five
days
ago.
Mr.
Wang
Beijing
five
days
ago.
Mr.
Wang
Beijing
five
days.
11.
My
son
fell
asleep
half
an
hour
ago.
My
son
_____
_____
_____
for
_____
_____
_____.
My
son
_____
_____
_____
since
_____
_____
_____
_____.