Unit 2 Let's Talk Teens Grammar and usage 课件(共46张PPT)-译林版（2019）必修第一册

(共46张PPT)
Grammar & Usage
Simple, compound and complex sentences
Let’s talk teens
UNIT
2
Lead-in
他们要去和人打架。
They are going to have a fight with someone.
I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.
↓
主语
↓
谓
语
↓
定语
↓
宾
语
↓
同位语
↓
地
点
状
语
↓
时
间
状
语
Sentence elements
Complement
补语
Parents’ control makes you unhappy.
Predicative
表语
You are not alone.
Lead-in
Watch a video. Try to describe the scene!
他们要去和人打架
他们要去和人打架，但是我不知道为什么。
我想知道他们要去和谁打架
Lead-in
他们要去和人打架，但是我不知道为什么。
They are going to have a fight with someone, but I don’t know why.
I don't know why they are going to have a fight with someone.
Lead-in
我想知道他们要去和谁打架。
I wonder whom they are going to have a fight with.
A simple sentence
（简单句）
a subject
a verb
Rule 1
1
主谓宾补
S + V
S + V + P
S + V + O
S + V + O + O
S + V + O + C
Sentence structures
2
3
4
5
Simple sentence
主谓
主系表
主谓宾
主谓宾宾
一、简单句(Simple sentence)：
E.g. A little bird is singing.
E.g. They all like them.
E.g. He and she like to play basketball.
E.g. Lucy and Jack listen to music and sing songs
句子中只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语），即句子只有一个主谓结构。
并列主语
并列主语和并列谓语
E.g. Lucy and Jack listen to music and Linda sings songs
Decide whether the following sentences are simple sentences or not and underline the subject and verb of each sentence.
(1) Mary often argues with her mother.
(2)Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the challenges of your teenage year will prepare you for adulthood.
(3) Your parents are often the first targets of your anger.
√
√
╳
S
V
S
V
S
S
V
V
a linking word
A compound sentence
（并列句）
contains two or more ;
use :
and, but,
or, so, for…
Rule 2
linking word
main clauses
Compound sentences(并列句)
Rule 2
A compound sentence contains _____________ main clauses. We use linking words such as________, or, ________, so or for to link the clauses.
two or more
1. The internet is useful and we use it a lot.
2. I have traveled to many places, but I still want to visit more.
3. Shall I send the book to you, or will you come to get it
4. I cannot tell Mary’s appearance, for I have never seen her.
and
but
并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上的简单句。
Find out all the compound sentences and circle the linking words.
(5) It may not have been addressed before, but don’t worry.
(8) Users are encouraged to post their problems, and they will get advice from our health experts and other forum users.
(13) There is a lot to see, so take some time to look around our website!
two simple sentences/main clauses
two simple sentences/main clauses
two simple sentences/main clauses
Please judge whether the following sentences are simple sentence or compound sentence.
1. He ran to the bookstore and bought the novel.
2. He listens to the class carefully, and she writes down the notes.
3. It’s very small, but it’s so beautiful.
4. Heated arguments and cold silences are common.
Simple sentence
Compound sentence
Compound sentence
Simple sentence
Please combine sentences into a compound sentence with an appropriate conjunction.
He was tired, so he went to bed.
1. He was tired. He went to bed.
2. He made a promise. He didn’t keep it.
He made a promise, but he didn’t keep it.
A complex sentence
主从复合句
one clause
at least one clause
subject
predicative
object
attributive
adverbial
Rule 3
main
subordinate
三、主从复合句(Complex sentence)：
What I am concerned about is your health.
I hope that high school will be more exciting.
My suggestion is that you should calm down.
I heard the news that our team had won.
由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子结构叫主从复合句。
主句为句子的主体部分，从句无法独立，可充当句子的主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。（从句分为定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）
复合句与并列句的区别在于，前者有主句和从句之分，而后者没有，分句和分句之间的关系是平等的。连接并列句的词叫并列连词，而连接复合句的词叫从属连词。
1.主从复合句是由 和 构成的句子。
2.复合句中的从句主要包括：名词性从句、 和 。
3.名词性从句主要包括: 主语从句， 宾语从句， 表语从句和同位语从句它们在主句中分别作 、 、 、 。
4.定语从句相当于一个 词，用来修饰一个 ，在主句中作定语。
5.状语从句 像 词一样，修饰 ，或 。根据表达的意思分为： 、 、 、 、 、 、 、_____
三.复合句
一个主句
定语从句
名词或代词
一个或一个以上从句
状语从句
主语
宾语
表语
同位语
副
谓语动词
整个句子
时间
地点
条件
原因
目的
结果
方式
让步
形容
　请认真阅读下列句子，并指出加黑部分是什么从句
句子 从句类型
That is why he did not come to school yesterday. 那就是昨天他没来上学的原因。 ________
He said that some teenagers didn’t work hard. 他说有些青少年学习不努力。 ________
I won’t forget the day when I had an argument with him. 我忘不了和他吵架的那一天。 ________
表语从句
宾语从句
定语从句
I will meet my friend where I met my teacher last time. 我会在上次见到我老师的地方见我的朋友。 ____________
He made so inspiring a speech that everyone got excited. 他发表了如此鼓舞人心的演讲，以至于大家都很激动。 ____________
When the plane is to take off has not been announced. 飞机何时起飞尚未宣布。 _________
We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到了我们球队获胜的消息。 ___________
地点状语从句
结果状语从句
主语从句
同位语从句
只有一个主谓结构
一个主句+
一个（以上）从句
简单句+并列连词+简单句
A
Simple sentences
Compound sentences
Complex sentences
2, 3, 4, 6
5, 8, 13
1, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12
Below is an introduction on the home page of a website for teenagers. Match each sentence with the correct type in the table below. Write down the numbers.
A simple sentence contains a subject and a verb.
A compound sentence contains two or more main clauses. We use linking words such as (1) ______, or, (2) ______, so or for to link the clauses.
A complex sentence contains one main clause and at least one subordinate clause（从句）. A subordinate clause can be the subject, predicative, object, appositive, attributive or adverbial of the sentence.
Working out the rules
but
and
Below are some tips on how to use TeenHealthWeb. Join each pair of sentences to form a compound or complex sentence.
B1
1 Your password should be at least eight characters long. This makes it difficult to guess. ____________________________________________________________________________
2 Posts should not give out personal information. They should not include advertisements.
____________________________________________________________________________
Your password should be at least eight characters long because this makes it difficult to guess.
Posts should not give out personal information and they should not include advertisements.
3 Describe your problems clearly. Other people can understand them easily.
____________________________________________________________________________
4 The experts will reply to you. They see your posts.
____________________________________________________________________________
5 What do you think of our forum Let us know.
____________________________________________________
Describe your problems clearly so other people can understand them easily.
The experts will reply to you as soon as/when/once they see your posts.
Let us know what you think of our forum.
Teresa is talking to her friend Jack about her plete the conversation with the correct linking words in the box below.
B2
and because but how
if that unless why
Teresa: I’m under a lot of stress these days (1) ________ my parents are always comparing me with my friends. They’re never satisfied (2) ______ I do better than all my friends—in schoolwork, in hobbies, in everything!
Jack: That’s terrible. I can see (3) _____ you’re anxious. You should tell your parents (4)_____ you’re trying your best. There’s no point in comparing you with others all the time. Everyone is unique.
Teresa: I know, (5) ____ my parents don’t seem to understand that. (6) ___ they continue like this, I’ll lose confidence in myself.
because
unless
why
that
but
If
Jack: I think your parents are too strict with you. Don’t take a passive role in the relationship. Talk to them. Let them know (7) _____ you feel. Sometimes, competition can push you to do better. Right now, it’s just making you anxious and having a bad influence on your performance.
Teresa: Thank you, Jack. I’ll try talking to my parents.
Jack: Cheer up, Teresa. They’ll understand (8) _____ everything will turn out all right!
how
and
Translate the sentences.
1、What I’m concerned about is your health.
我所担心的是你的健康。
2、Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.
激烈的争论和冷淡的沉默在青少年和他们的父母之间很常见。
主从复合句（complex sentence）
主语从句（subject clause）
简单句（simple sentence）
3、We have won the tug of war（拔河比赛）, for we struggled for it.
我们赢得了拔河比赛，是因为我们为此而奋斗。
4、I think (that) you should have a regular communication with your parents.
我认为，你应该和你的父母定期交流/频繁交流。
5、My suggestion is that you (should) calm down under stress.
我的建议是你应该在压力之下保持冷静。
并列句（compound sentence）
主从复合句（complex sentence）
宾语从句（object clause）
主从复合句（complex sentence）
表语从句（predicative clause）
Please combine two sentences into a complex sentence with an appropriate conjunction.
1. He has found out. She was late. (why)
He has found out why she was late.
2. I still remember the day. I first went to York on that day. (when)
I still remember the day when I first went to York.
Please combine two sentences into a complex sentence with an appropriate conjunction.
1. He didn’t come yesterday. He was ill. (原因)
He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.
2. I’ll give the letter to him. I see him. （时间）
I’ll give the letter to him when I see him.
I’ll give the letter to him as soon as I see him.
I’ll give the letter to him the moment I see him.
3. It is such a big box. Nobody can move it. （结果）
4. We’ll go to the Great Wall. It’s fine tomorrow. (条件)
5. We should not go there all the time. The place is quite pleasant. (让步)
It is such a big box that nobody can move it.
We’ll go to the Great Wall if it’s fine tomorrow.
Although the place is quite pleasant, we should not go there all the time.
只有一个主谓结构
一个主句+
一个（以上）从句
简单句+并列连词+简单句
Let’s summarize
Please point out the types of sentences below.
1.Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.
2.The good news is that this stormy period will not last.
3.Everything will turn out all right in the end, and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood.
simple
compound
complex
4.It is our duty to love our country and our environment.
5. Nowadays, websites are springing up, and I will turn to experts from relevant websites for help.
6. I will consult my teachers because they can give me useful and practical advice.
simple
compound
complex
1. English has hurt me a thousand times, but
I still regard it as my first love.
Practice: 分析句子结构
2. You can't have a better tomorrow if you're still thinking about yesterday.
(
)
主谓宾 + but + 主谓宾宾补
主谓宾 + if 状语从句(主谓宾)
并列句
复合句
3. Sometimes you will never know the true value of a moment until it becomes a memory.
4. Attempt doesn't necessarily bring success, but giving up definitely leads to failure.
主谓宾 + never... until 状从(主系表)
主谓宾 + but + 主谓宾
(
)
复合句
并列句
5. The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.
6. Dear Daddy, I may find a prince someday, but you will always be my king.
主系表
主谓宾 + but + 主系表
简单句
并列句
7. The best color in the whole world, is the one that looks good on you!
8. Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
主系表+ that定语从句(主系表)
Whatever主语从句(主系表) + 系表
(
)
(
)
复合句
复合句
9. Dream is what makes you happy, even when you are just trying.
10. The most important thing in life is not how long you will live, but whom you are living with.
主系 + what表语从句(主谓宾宾补)
+ when状语从句(主谓)
主系 + not表语从句(主谓)
+ but表语从句(主谓宾)
(
)
(
)
(
)
(
)
复合句
复合句