备战2026年中考-北京中考英语单项选择满分攻略

备战2026年中考-北京中考英语单项选择满分攻略
俗话说 “知己知彼，百战百胜”，中考英语要冲击单项选择满分，就得先摸透它的 “出题套路”。掌握这些，犹如拿到敌方情报，我们只需要一一应对，就能手到擒来，本篇文章结合近六年中考真题进行总结归纳。
年份 2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020
1 代词 代词 代词 代词 代词 代词
2 介词 介词 介词 介词 介词 介词
3 情态动词 情态动词 情态动词 情态动词 疑问词 连词
4 比较级 比较级 比较级 比较级 情态动词 情态动词
5 疑问词 疑问词 疑问词 疑问词 连词 疑问词
6 连词 连词 连词 连词 比较级 比较级
7 过去进行时 过去时 现在进行时 现在进行时 现在进行时 将来时
8 一般现在时 一般现在时 过去时 将来时 过去时 过去进行时
9 一般现在时 过去进行时 将来时 过去进行时 一般现在时 现在完成时
10 现在完成时 现在完成时 现在完成时 现在完成时 现在完成时 现在进行时
11 被动语态及时态 被动语态 一般现在时 被动语态 被动语态 被动语态
12 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句 宾语从句
从上表可以看出近 6 年的北京中考英语单项填空，题型稳定在 12 道题，聚焦语法知识与语境运用。核心考点在代词、介词、情态动词、疑问词、连词、时态（含进行时、完成时等 ）、被动语态、宾语从句几类，且多数题型考点重复出现，体现知识考查的延续性。
各考点具体总结:
1. 代词（第1题）：连续6年作为首题考点，侧重人称代词主格在语境中对指代对象（如女性、男性、第一/二/三人称等 ）的准确运用，围绕人物身份指代设题，是基础且高频的语法点。
2. 介词（第2题）：6年持续考查，主要聚焦 “for + 时间段” 等表时间、方式、对象等介词的固定用法，考查对不同介词语义和搭配场景的区分，是语境中介词运用的基础考查。
3. 情态动词（第3题为主）：除2021年、2020年部分变化，多数年份第3题考查，围绕 “can（表许可 ）、must（表必须 ）、need（表需要 ）、should（表建议 ）” 等基本语义及语境回应（如用can提问，用can回答 ）设题，强调情态动词在日常请求、许可场景的功能。
4. 疑问词（第5题为主）：高频考点，多在第5题，围绕what（事物 ）、when（时间 ）、why（原因 ）、where（地点 ）设题，根据答语内容（时间、地点等 ）判断疑问词，考查对不同疑问词语义和语境匹配的掌握。
5. 连词（第6题为主）：常考考点，第6题居多，区分or（选择 ）、but（转折 ）、so（因果 ）、for（补充 ）等连词逻辑，依据前后句语义关系（如因 Janet 帮忙多，所以写感谢信，表因果选so ）设题，考查句子间逻辑衔接。
6. 时态：
过去进行时（第7题相关 ）：2025年第7题考查，强调过去某一具体时间点/时间段正在进行的动作，如 “yesterday evening” 时 Mary 正在画画的场景，需结合时间标志判断。
一般现在时（第8题为主 ）：多在第8题，依据 “every weekend” 等时间标志，考查主语为第三人称单数时动词的变化（如 visits ），体现常态性动作描述。
现在完成时（第10题为主 ）：高频考查，第10题连续多年涉及，以 “since last year” 为标志，强调动作从过去持续到现在的影响，如 “国际学生来访” 这一从去年开始的持续行为。
其他时态（如将来时、过去时 ）：穿插考查，如将来时体现计划动作，过去时聚焦过去发生的事实，考查对不同时态时间标志和语义的区分。
7. 被动语态（第11题）：常考考点，围绕 “be + 过去分词” 结构，结合时态（如一般现在时被动语态 “are used” ），考查动作承受者作主语时的语态变化，体现 “被使用、被……” 等语义。
8. 宾语从句（第12题）：连续6年考查，核心是陈述语序（排除疑问语序选项 ），结合时态（如根据语境判断是将来动作 “are going” 还是过去动作 “went” ），考查从句在主句中的语法规则和语义连贯。
【知识储备】
第一部分：重要考点：时态判断
一． 一般现在时
解释：用于描述经常发生的动作、习惯性的行为、普遍真理或目前的状态。
关键判断词：always, usually, often, sometimes, every day,every week,every month,every year,nowadays,
时态标志词：动词原形和动词第三人称单数
以下是一些典型的一般现在时例句：
1. 描述经常发生的动作或状态：
He wakes up early every morning to go jogging.
他每天早上早起去慢跑。
2. 描述习惯性的行为：
She reads a book before going to bed every night.
她每晚睡前都会读一本书。
3. 表达普遍真理或事实：
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
太阳从东方升起，在西方落下。
4. 使用频率副词：
They usually eat dinner together as a family.
他们通常全家一起吃晚餐。
5. 描述能力或特征：
Birds can fly.
鸟会飞。
6. 表达喜好或偏好：
I like to drink tea in the afternoon.
我喜欢下午喝茶。
7. 使用祈使句：
Stand up straight.
站直。
二．一般过去时
解释：用于描述过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
关键判断词：yesterday, last week, in 2020
时态标志词：过去时间状语，如yesterday,last week,two days ago。
标志性例句：
1. 描述过去某一时刻的动作：
Yesterday, I went to the park and played soccer with my friends.
昨天，我和朋友们去公园踢足球了。
2. 描述过去某段时间的状态：
Last summer, we spent a lot of time at the beach.
去年夏天，我们在海滩上度过了很多时间。
3. 描述过去习惯性的行为：
When I was a child, I used to walk to school every day.
当我还是个孩子的时候，我每天走路上学。
4. 描述过去的事件顺序：
First, she cooked dinner, and then she did the dishes.
首先，她做了晚餐，然后她洗了碗。
5. 描述过去发生的突然事件：
Suddenly, the lights went out and we were left in the dark.
突然间，灯灭了，我们陷入了黑暗。
6. 描述过去完成的动作，通常与另一个过去动作相关：
I had finished my homework before the movie started.
电影开始前，我已经完成了我的家庭作业。
7. 使用时间状语来明确过去的时间点：
In 1990, the Berlin Wall fell.
在1990年，柏林墙倒塌了。
三． 一般将来时
解释：用于描述将来会发生的动作或状态。
关键判断词：tomorrow, next week, in the future
时态标志词：通常使用will 或be going to。
标志性例句：
1. 使用will表达简单的将来动作：
I will go to the movies tomorrow night.
我明天晚上会去看电影。
2. 使用be going to表达计划或打算：
We are going to visit our grandparents next weekend.
我们下个周末打算去看望我们的祖父母。
3. 使用will be加进行时态表达将来正在进行的动作：
At this time next year, I will be sitting on a beach in Hawaii.
明年这个时候，我将坐在夏威夷的海滩上。
4. 使用will have加过去分词表达将来完成的行为：
By the end of this month, I will have finished my project.
到这个月底，我将完成我的项目。
5. 使用shall较少使用，尤其在美式英语中，通常与第一人称连用：
Shall we go for a walk after dinner
晚饭后我们去散步好吗？
6. 表达将来意图或决定：
You will regret this decision tomorrow.
你明天会后悔这个决定的。
7. 与条件句连用，表达将来可能发生的情况：
If it rains tomorrow, the picnic will be canceled.
如果明天下雨，野餐将会取消。
四． 现在进行时
解释：用于描述正在进行的动作或当前阶段的状态。
关键判断词：now, at the moment
时态标志词：am/is/are+动词的ing 形式，如reading,watching。
标志性例句：
1. 描述正在进行的动作：
She is reading a book in the living room.
她正在客厅里看书。
2. 与always等副词连用，表达对某事的不满或批评：
He is always complaining about his job.
他总是在抱怨他的工作。
3. 与某些动词连用，表示临时或突发的动作：
Look, it's raining outside.
看，外面正在下雨。
4. 描述现阶段正在进行的动作，但不一定此刻正在进行：
I am currently studying for my final exams.
我目前正在为期末考试学习。
5. 与listen, watch, wait等动词连用，表示正在进行的动作：
Can you hear that The dog is barking.
你能听到吗？狗正在叫。
6. 与hope, think, plan等动词连用，表示暂时的想法或打算：
I am thinking about going to the gym later.
我在考虑稍后去健身房。
7. 描述声音、光线等感官上的持续状态：
The baby is crying in the next room.
婴儿在隔壁房间哭。
五． 过去进行时
解释：用于描述过去某个具体时间正在进行的动作或状态。
关键判断词：at 3 o'clock yesterday, this time last week
时态标志词：过去时间状语 +was/were + 动词的ing 形式。
例句：At 3 o'clock yesterday, she was playing tennis.昨天三点钟，她正在打网球。
标志性例句：
1. 描述过去某一时刻正在进行的动作：
While I was walking to the store, it started to rain.
当我去商店的路上，天开始下雨了。
2. 与另一个过去发生的动作同时进行：
He was playing the guitar when I called him last night.
昨晚我给他打电话时，他正在弹吉他。
3. 用于故事叙述中，增加动作的生动性：
The children were laughing and playing in the park as the sun was setting.
孩子们在公园里笑着玩耍，太阳正在落山。
4. 描述过去某个时刻的暂时状态或动作：
She was hoping to finish her homework before dinner.
她当时希望能在晚饭前完成作业。
5. 与when, while等时间状语连用，表示动作同时发生：
When the alarm went off, I was still sleeping.
当闹钟响起时，我还在睡觉。
6. 描述过去某个时间点之前的持续动作：
At 3 pm yesterday, he was still working on the project.
昨天下午3点，他还在做那个项目。
7. 用于描述过去某个动作发生时的背景情况：
The fans were cheering loudly as the player was scoring the winning goal.
当球员进球得分时，球迷们正在大声欢呼。
六． 现在完成时
解释：用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，其影响延续到现在。
关键判断词：already, yet, just
时态标志词：have/has + 过去分词，如have finished,has gone。
标志性例句：
1. 描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响：
I have finished my homework, so I can relax now.
我已经完成了我的家庭作业，所以现在我可以放松了。
2. 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态：
She has lived in this city for five years.
她已经在这个城市生活了五年。
3. 用于说明过去发生的动作，但具体时间不明确：
I have seen that movie before.
我以前看过那部电影。
4. 与already, yet等副词连用，强调动作的完成：
Have you already eaten lunch
你已经吃午饭了吗？
5. 与just, recently等时间状语连用，表示最近完成的动作：
He has just returned from a trip to Japan.
他刚刚从日本旅行回来。
6. 与for + 时间段连用，表示动作或状态的持续：
They have been married for 20 years.
他们已经结婚20年了。
7. 用于描述经历，尤其是多次经历：
I have visited the Great Wall three times.
我已经去过长城三次了。
这些例句展示了现在完成时的用法，它强调过去动作对现在的影响或持续到现在的状态。
第二部分：中考必考点：语态判断
1.寻找被动语态结构：被动语态通常由be + 过去分词构成。这里的be动词根据句子时态的不同，可以是am, is, are, was, were, been, being等形式。
2.查找标志性判断词：被动语态的标志性判断词通常是被、受、给、遭等表示被动的汉字，对应的英语词汇有by, be, get等。
以下是一些被动语态的标志性判断词和例句：
（1）被：在英语中对应by，但并不总是出现。
例句：The book was written by the famous author.
这本书是由那位著名作者写的。
受：通常表示接受动作的影响。
例句：The patient is being operated on by the doctor.
病人正在接受医生的手术。
给：在某些情况下可以表示被动。
例句：The gift was given to him by his friend.
礼物是他朋友送给他的。
（2）遭：表示遭遇或遭受。
例句：The village was hit by a storm last night.
那个村庄昨晚遭到了暴风雨的袭击。
（3）be动词：直接表明是被动语态。
例句：The window is cleaned every day.
窗户每天都被打扫。
get：有时用于构成被动语态。
例句：The cake got eaten before dinner.
蛋糕在晚餐前就被吃掉了。
第三部分：语序的判断
1. 陈述语序：He goes to school by bus.
疑问语序：Does he go to school by bus
2. 陈述语序：She eats breakfast at 7 a.m.
疑问语序：Does she eat breakfast at 7 a.m.
3. 陈述语序：They are playing soccer.
疑问语序：Are they playing soccer
4. 陈述语序：You can see the mountains from here.
疑问语序：Can you see the mountains from here
5. 陈述语序：He will visit his grandparents next week.
疑问语序：Will he visit his grandparents next week
【真题训练】
平时做题一定要以真题为主，真题是最好的体现出题人的意思的题目。
2025年北京真题：单项填空（每题 0.5 分，共 6 分）
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My sister is good at singing. ______ can even sing some French songs.
A. I B. He C. You D. She
2. These Chinese astronauts will stay in the space station ______ six months.
A. at B. on C. to D. for
3. —Mom, ______ I go to the cinema with my classmates this Sunday afternoon
—Yes, of course you can.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
4. The National Library of China is ______ public library in Asia.
A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest
5. —Steve, ______ did you begin to learn how to play chess
—About two years ago.
A. what B. when C. why D. where
6. Janet has done a lot for us, ______ we want to write her a thank you letter.
A. or B. but C. so D. for
7. Mary ______ a picture when her dad got home yesterday evening.
A. draws B. was drawing C. is drawing D. will draw
8. Charlie ______ his grandparents every weekend. He loves them very much.
A. visits B. was visiting C. will visit D. has visited
9. —Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday
—No, I didn’t. We ______ vegetables in our school garden.
A. water B. have watered C. watered D. are going to water
10. Many international students ______ to visit our school since last year.
A. are coming B. have come C. came D. will come
11. Language learning apps ______ by more and more people these days.
A. use B. used C. are used D. were used
12. —Linda, do you know ______ for the school trip this term
—Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum.
A. where we are going B. where we went
C. where are we going D. where did we go
参考答案：
1. D 2.D 3. A 4. D 5.B 6.C
7. B 8. A 9.C 10.B 11.C 12.A
2024 年北京真题：单项填空（每题 0.5 分，共 6 分）
从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. My friends and I like sports. ________ often play basketball together after school.
A. We B. I C. They D. You
2. The Chang’e-6 landed on the far side of the moon ________ June 2, 2024.
A. at B. on C. to D. in
全面接触用 on;at点；from……to；里面；
3. — Bill, ________ I use your ruler
— Of course you can. Here you are.
A. can B. must C. need D. should
4. What a lovely reading room! It’s one of ________ in our school.
A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nicest
5. — Lily, your new schoolbag is pretty. ________ did you buy it
— In a store near my home.
A. How B. Where C. Why D. When
6. —Hi, Mike! Would you like to go boating with me
—Yes, I’d love to, ________ I have to finish my science project first.
A. and B. or C. but D. for
7. —What did you do last Saturday, Tina
—I ________ to the nursing home and worked as a volunteer there.
A. go B. went C. will go D. was going
8. A lot of people in China ________ by high-speed train every year.
A. travel B. traveled C. will travel D. have traveled
9. —Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing
—Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study.
A. am reading B. have read C. was reading D. will read
10. With the help of my teacher, I ________ much progress in English since last year.
A. am making B. will make C. was making D. have made
11. Chinese ________ by more and more people around the world these days.
A. speaks B. spoke C. is spoken D. was spoken
12. —Tim, do you know ________ the art festival
— Sure! Next Friday.
A.when did we hold B. when we held
C. when will we hold D. when we will hold
参考答案：
1.A 2.B3.A 4.D5.B6.C
7.B8.A 9.C10.D11.C 12.D
2023 年北京中考英语真题：单项填空。从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.My sister enjoys singing and_____favorite subject is music.（　　）
A． His B． Her C．your D．their
2.It's a good idea to visit Beijing_____October.（　　）
A．At B．On C． in D． to
3.Must I stay here and wait for you？
﹣ No，you_____.You can go home now.（　　）
A．needn't B． can't C． mustn't D． shouldn't
4.﹣Which do you like_____，swimming or skating？
﹣Swimming.（　　）
A．well B． better C． best D． the best
5.﹣ _____do you tidy your own room？
﹣ Twice a week.（　　）
A．How often B． How soon C． How much D． How long
6．It was difficult to climb the mountain，_____Sam got to the top at last.（　　）
A． o r B． So C． For D． but
7.﹣Lucy，what are you doing？
﹣I_____a model ship.（　　）
A．make B． made C． am making D． was making
8.The Shenzhou﹣15 astronauts_____to Earth safely on June 4，2023.（　　）
A． Return B． returned C． will return D． have returned
9． If you go to the concert with us tomorrow，you_____a great time there.（　　）
A． Have B． had C． will have D． have had
10. Erie_____many things since he became interested in science.（　　）
A． is learning B． was learning
C． will learn D． has learned
11.The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers_____every year.（　　）
A． are planted B． were planted C． plant D． planted
12.﹣Lily，can you tell me_____during the Dragon Boat Festival this year？
﹣Sure.We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race.（　　）
A． what you will do B． what you did
C． what will you do D． what did you do
参考答案：
1.B2.C3.A 4.B5.A6.D
7.C8.B9.C10.D11.A 12.B
2022年北京市中考英语真题：单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)
从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.My sister is only six, but ___can already help with some housework.
A.he　　　　B.she　　　　C.it　　　　D.they
2.We have history class ____three o'clock every Friday afternoon.
A.at　　　　B.on　　　　C.in　　　　D.to
3.—_____I take photos here
—Sorry, you can’t. It‘s not allowed in the museum.
A.Must　　　　B.Need　　　　C.Can　　　　D.Will
4.After taking tennis classes, Tim is much_____than last year.
A.strong　　　　B.stronger C.strongest　　　　D.the strongest
5.—_____will Liu Yang stay in the space station this time
—For six months.
A.How long　　B.How often C.How much　　D.How soon
6.(2022北京,6)Mr. Smith has helped me a lot, _____I’m thankful to him.
A.or　　　　B.but　　　　C.for　　　　D.so
7.The workers_____the community center now.
A.cleaned　　　　B.were cleaning
C.will clean　　　　D.are cleaning
8.Don’t lose heart. If you keep working hard, you_____some day.
A.will succeed　　　　B.succeed
C.succeeded　　　　D.have succeeded
9.I_____about my sister when my phone rang. It was her!
A.think　　　　B.will think
C.was thinking　　　　D.am thinking
10.Jim____a lot about Chinese culture since he began to study in our school.
A.learns　　　　B.learned C.will learn　　D.has learned
11.(2022北京,11)On our farm, the tea leaves______by hand when they are ready.
A.pick　　B.picked C.are picked　　D.were picked
12.—Do you know ___the new national park
—Yes, I do. To protect wildlife and benefit the local people.
A.why did China set up
B.why China set up
C.when did China set up
D.when China set up
参考答案：
1.B 2.A3.C4.B5.A6.D
7.D8.A9.C10.D11.C 12.B
2021年中考英语真题：单项填空(每题0.5分,共6分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Mary's birthday is coming. We've decided to make a cake for_____.
A.him B.her C.you D.them
2.Space Day of China falls ______April 24th every year.
A.on B.by C.at D.in
3._____shall we meet for the picnic
—At the school gate.
A.How B.When C.Why D.Where
4.—Sam,_____ I join you in the community service
—Of course you can.
A.can B.must C.should D.need
5.The doctors worked for ten hours, _____nobody took a break.
A.so B.for C.but D.or
6.The teacher is glad to see that Tony is______than before.
A.careful B.more careful
C.most careful D.the most careful
7.—Peter, what are you doing
—Oh, I_____a report about national heroes.
A.will write B.am writing C.wrote D.have written
8.My parents and I_____trees last Sunday.
A.plant B.will plant C.are planting D.planted
9.—Lily, what do you usually do after school
—I_____exercise with my friends.
A.do B.did C.will do D.was doing
10.Mr. Smith______Chinese for two years. He’s much better at it now.
A.learns B.was learning C.has learned D.will learn
11.Today, many winter Olympic sports______even by children.
A.enjoyed B.enjoy C.were enjoyed D.are enjoyed
12.—Could you please tell me ________
—Next Thursday morning.
A.when we visited the Capital Museum
B.when did we visit the Capital Museum
C.when we will visit the Capital Museum
D.when will we visit the Capital Museum
参考答案：
1.B 2.A3.D4. A5.C6.B
7.B8.D9.A 10.C11.D 12.C
2020年北京中考真题单项填空(共6分,每小题0.5分)，从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1.Mr. Jackson is a popular writer, and we all like reading______books.　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.his B.her C.their D.your
2.Usually I make breakfast for my family_____Saturdays.
A.at B.in C.on D.to
3.Wash your hands before meals, _____you may get ill.
A.and B.but C.or D.so
4.—______you give me a hand I can’t move the box by myself.
—No problem.
A.Could B.Should C.Must D.Need
5.—_______do you visit your grandparents, Tom
—Twice a month.
A.How much B.How often C.How long D.How soon
6.Zhaozhou Bridge is one of_____stone bridges in the world.
A.old B.older C.oldest D.the oldest
7.If you take this train, you_____in Shanghai in five hours.
A.arrive B.will arrive C.arrived D.have arrived
8.I____on the computer when Frank called me last night.
A.work B.will work C.was working D.am working
9.We_____each other since I came to Beijing, but we send emails very often.
A.don’t see B.didn’t see C.won’t see D.haven’t seen
10.—What’s that noise, Sam
—My little brother_____with his toy car now.
A.will play B.is playing C.plays D.played
11.The kite_____in China more than 2,000 years ago.
A.invent B.invented C.is invented D.was invented
12.—Do you know______
—At 9:00 tomorrow morning.
A.when the video meeting began　B.when did the video meeting begin
C.when the video meeting will begin　D.when will the video meeting begin
参考答案：
1.A2.C3.C4.A5.B6.D
7.B8.C9.D10.B11.D12.C
【备考建议】
1. 高频考点（代词、介词、情态动词、疑问词、连词、宾语从句、被动语态、核心时态 ）需反复强化，吃透基础用法和语境运用。
2. 关注时态、语态等语法点的时间标志词（如 since、every weekend、yesterday 等 ），通过标志快速判断考点和解题方向。
3. 多结合真题语境练习，提升语法知识在实际交流场景中的运用能力，适应中考 “语法服务语义，语境考查语法” 的思路。