27板块三专题六 微专题六活用25大公式，涉笔成雅PPT课件-2026版高考英语二轮专题复习与策略

(共223张PPT)
第一部分 复习讲义
板块三 写作
微专题六　活用25大公式，
涉笔成雅
专题六　读后续写
以英语为母语的人习惯于客体思维，往往关注“什么事情发生在什么人身上”，常用“无灵主语”，即用抽象概念、心理感觉、事物名称或时间、地点等作主语。但谓语却常常用“有灵动词”表示主语的动作或行为，常带有拟人化修辞色彩。在读后续写中使用“无灵主语＋有灵动词”无疑会使语言更加生动形象，有助于人物形象的塑造和故事情节的推动。
5个无灵主语公式，靓化情感表达
公式①　表情感的名词＋有灵动词(短语)＋sb．(……某人。)
1．A(n) look/expression of ＋情感名词＋flashed across/ spread across/ crossed one’s face．
……的神色从某人脸上掠过。
*A look of annoyance crossed her face．
恼怒的神色从她脸上掠过。
2．(A wave/surge/sense of＋)情感名词＋seized/overwhelmed/took hold of/washed over/flooded over/swept over/flowed over/came over ＋sb．(＋like ...)某人感到(一阵)……
*A strong wave of fear sweeping over him，Mike couldn’t utter a single word．
一阵强烈的恐惧席卷了他，迈克一个字也说不出来。
3．情感名词＋welled up inside/in/within sb．……在某人内心越发强烈。
*Anger welled up within him．
他怒不可遏。
4．A (slight) feeling of ＋情感名词＋crept over sb．某人渐渐地产生了(一丝)……
*A slight feeling of suspicion crept over me．
我渐渐地产生了一丝疑虑。
5．(表高兴、激动的)情感名词＋was shining/twinkling/sparkling in one’s eyes．某人眼里闪着……的光芒。
* Excitement was shining in her eyes．
(＝Her eyes were shining with excitement．)
她兴奋得两眼发光。
6．情感名词 (Fear/Terror/Panic/Surprise/Shock/Embarrassment 等)rooted sb．to the spot．某人吓呆/惊呆/尴尬得呆住了。
*Embarrassment rooted her to the spot．
她尴尬得呆住了。
公式②　情感名词A＋ gave way to/was swept away by/ was replaced by/...＋情感名词B．(A变为B/A为B所取代。)
*Her previous calm gave way to/was swept away by terror．
她先前的泰然自若已变为惊恐。
*His initial excitement was replaced by a deep sense of disappointment．
他最初的兴奋被深深的失望感所取代。
*The joy she once felt was overshadowed by a wave of sadness．
她曾经感受到的喜悦被一股悲伤的浪潮所掩盖。
公式③　One’s heart pounded/thumped/raced with＋情感名词(excitement/
nervousness/fear/terror/horror等)．(某人激动/紧张/害怕得心怦怦跳。)
*Her heart was racing with anticipation as she waited for the results．
她心怀期待，心脏怦怦直跳，等待着结果。
*His heart was pounding with nervousness before he stepped onto the stage．
在登上舞台之前，他紧张得心脏怦怦直跳。
*My heart was thumping with fear as I walked through the dark hallway．
当我穿过黑暗的走廊时，我害怕得心脏怦怦直跳。
公式④　The sight/thought of sth．＋made sb．＋情感形容词/filled sb．with＋情感名词．(看到/想到某事物让某人……)
*情感形容词：happy/joyful/delighted/cheerful快乐的；excited/thrilled兴奋的；bored无聊的；upset心烦的；angry愤怒的；terrified/frightened/scared 恐惧的，害怕的；shy害羞的；lonely 孤独的；sad悲伤的；jealous嫉妒的；shocked/stunned震惊的；astonished/surprised/amazed 惊讶的；anxious 焦虑的；nervous紧张的
*The sight of her son graduating filled her with pride．
看到儿子毕业，她充满了自豪。
*The very sight of the bear made him nervous．
一见到那头熊，他就紧张。
*The thought of the moments shared with Grandpa filled me with great joy．
一想到和爷爷度过的时光，我就感到十分快乐。
*The sight of its owner made the little dog excited．
一看到自己的主人，小狗就兴奋起来。
【变式】At the sight/thought of sth．，sb．did sth．：
*At the sight of the little dog，Poppy jumped with joy．
波比一看到这只小狗就高兴地跳起来。
*At the sight of the breakfast on the tray，her eyes widened．
一看到托盘上的早餐，她就睁大了眼睛。
公式⑤　An idea＋occurred to/struck/hit sb．(某人突然想到……)
*同类拓展：An idea flashed through one’s mind/crossed one’s mind．(一个想法闪过某人的脑海。) ；It occurred to sb．that.../It hit sb．that.../It struck sb．that...(某人突然想到……)；It gradually dawned on me that.../All of a sudden，I came to realize/understand that...(我逐渐/突然意识到……)；Sth．reminds sb．of...(某事物让某人想起……)
*At this dark and hopeless moment，a wonderful idea hit him．It filled his mind with a great bright light．
在这个黑暗、绝望的时刻，他突然有了一个绝妙的主意，这使他心中充满光明。
*An idea suddenly struck the twins that they could ask their dad for help．
双胞胎突然想到一个主意：他们可以请爸爸帮忙。
*It occurred to Steven that the bear might be distracted by the delicious bread．
史蒂文突然想到，熊或许会被美味的面包转移注意力。
*It suddenly dawned on me that the chocolate my mother gave me was a reminder that I must be honest．
我突然意识到妈妈给我那块巧克力是提醒我一定要诚实。
【拓展】表示遗忘：
*The paperwork slipped my mind/memory．
我忘记文书工作了。
*He was one friend of my father’s，whose name escaped me for the moment．
他是我父亲的一个朋友，我一时想不起他的名字了。
公式①　三连动作链：Sb．＋did A，did B and did C．
4个动作描写公式，优化动作表达
*She woke up，slipped out of bed and tiptoed to the door．
她醒了，溜下床，踮着脚走到门口。
*John pressed his finger against his lips，pointed to the cat，and shook his head gently．
约翰把手指放在嘴唇上，指着猫咪， 轻轻地摇了摇头。
*He lost his balance，staggered back against the rail and fell over．
他失去了平衡，往后趔趄撞在栏杆上摔倒了。
*Ben also ran in my direction，gathered me into his arms and kept patting my back．
本也朝我这个方向跑过来，把我拥入怀中， 不停地轻拍我的后背。
公式②　主语＋did，非谓语动词A，and 非谓语动词B/主语＋did A and did B，非谓语动词．
*They ran in bare feet，laughing and teasing．
他们光着脚跑着、笑着、闹着。
*He laid his fishing pole down and dragged his feet，moving toward me at a snail’s pace．
他放下钓鱼竿，像蜗牛一样磨磨蹭蹭地向我走来。
公式③　主语 ＋ did，with ＋名词＋非谓语动词/形容词/副词/介词短语．
*When Karina saw it，she hugged it tightly with tears filling her eyes．
当卡琳娜看到它时，她紧紧地拥抱着它， 双眸满是泪水。
*We all pretty much slept with one eye open．
我们几乎都睁着一只眼睡觉。
*He leaned against the kitchen counter with his arms folded across his chest．
他靠在厨房的操作台上， 双臂交叉在胸前。
公式④　主语＋did，独立主格[逻辑主语(heart，eyes等表身体部位的名词)＋非谓语动词/形容词/副词/介词短语]．
*Reaching out，I touched its head，my heart racing．我心跳加速，伸手去摸它的头。
*He tossed from side to side，his head hot to touch．他辗转反侧， 头摸着烫手。
*He raced to the bus stop，his heart pounding violently．他飞快地跑到公共汽车站，心怦怦猛跳。
*My arms aching and knees trembling，I crawled out of the cave and shouted for help．
手臂疼痛、膝盖发抖，我爬出了洞，大喊救命。
*Eyes glued to it，he fell in love with the shiny red car the instant he saw it．
他一看到那辆闪亮的红汽车就爱上了它，目不转睛地盯着它。
*So many eyes looking at her，Mary felt very shy．
这么多双眼睛望着她，玛丽感到很害羞。
无论是在汉语还是在英语中，修辞都是一门有独特魅力的艺术。在读后续写中，恰当地运用修辞手法可以使平淡的语言变得鲜活、生动， 增强文章的表现力， 也有助于考生获得高分。
3个修辞公式，描绘生动形象
公式①　比喻式：be＋as＋形容词＋as [＋a(n)]...
形容人 be as pleased/delighted/cheerful/joyful as a flying bird高兴得像一只飞翔的小鸟
be as worried as an ant on a hot pan急得像热锅上的蚂蚁
be as angry/mad/furious as a raging storm愤怒得像狂风暴雨
be as busy as a bee 像蜜蜂一样忙得团团转
形容 事物 be as easy as a piece of cake轻而易举
be as dazzling/shining as diamonds 像钻石般闪耀
be as gentle as a breeze 像微风一样温柔
be as bright as daylight如日光般明亮
*Her face turned as pale as snow．
她的脸变得苍白如雪。
*The teacher’s comfort was as gentle as a spring breeze．
老师的劝慰如春风般温柔。
*Having walked in the snow for two hours，I felt my hands were as cold as ice．
在雪地里走了两个小时，我感到我的手冷得像冰。
*特定动词短语有：filled with充满；falling into陷入；drowned in沉浸在；seized by被……侵袭；overwhelmed with/by 充溢着……
公式②　比喻式：特定动词短语＋表情绪的名词， sb．did sth．like...
*Overwhelmed by sorrow，Mary cried like a baby．
悲痛不已，玛丽像个婴儿一样哭泣。
*Seized by curiosity，Tom went out of the room on tiptoe like a cat．
汤姆好奇心顿起，像猫一样踮着脚走出房间。
*特定动词短语有：wash over 袭来；take hold of 控制；sweep over突然袭来
公式③　比喻式：表情绪的名词＋特定动词短语＋sb．like ...
*Happiness washed over him like warm sunshine/like a beam of warm sunlight/like a warm sunbeam．
幸福像暖阳洒在他身上。
*Fear swept over him like cold，dark sea water．
恐惧像冰冷、黑暗的海水淹没了他。
【拓展】
*The smile on her face shone like a diamond．
她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪耀。
*The icy wind started howling，cutting my face like a sharp knife．
寒风开始咆哮，像锋利的刀子一样割着我的脸。
对话在续写中较为常见，对话可以促进情节的发展，但不能代替故事情节。因此考生要注意控制对话的比重，且对话内容应符合人物的性格特点、紧扣原文主题和中心，不要脱离文章主线，要吻合原文的呈现形式。
2个对话公式，推动情节发展
公式①　对话标签多样化，避免重复使用“said”
常见的可用于表达“说”的词有：
众“说”纷纭 speak说；tell告诉；add补充说；insist坚持说；chat 聊天
自言自语地说 think aloud自言自语； say to oneself自言自语； think to oneself暗想； talk to oneself自言自语； murmur to oneself喃喃自语；soliloquize自言自语
哭着说 cry哭叫，大声说；sob呜咽着说； weep out哭着说出
笑着说 smile 微笑着说； laugh 笑着说；say with a smile面带微笑地说； chuckle轻笑着说
“高声”、 “低声”说 call 喊，叫；yell喊叫(因激动，恐惧); shout 高喊，大声喊叫；scream 惊呼，高声叫道，尖叫；roar 吼叫；let out a loud voice 大叫，大声呼喊； shout at the top of one’s voice 大喊；whisper 小声，低语；murmur 低语，嘀咕，低声抱怨
表扬、 抱怨说 praise 称赞； complain 抱怨；sigh叹息；mutter低声抱怨；murmur嘟囔
问答说 ask问；explain解释说； reply＝respond 答复，回答； answer 回答；
demand 质问； inquire 询问； tell告诉
反对说 disagree不同意；deny否认；scold责备；contradict反驳说；argue争论；protest抗议
声明说 state声明；declare宣布；announce宣布；claim声明；point out指出
评论说 comment评论； observe评论，说话； remark评论，谈论；hint暗示；add 补充说
同意、建议说 admit 承认；agree 同意； advise 劝告，建议；suggest 建议；argue 主张；acknowledge承认
其他说 repeat 重复；promise答应，许诺；comfort安慰；warn 警告；beg 恳求；emphasize＝stress强调；swear发誓
公式②　为对话标签增加细节，丰富情感表达
*万能公式：对话＋sb．＋说＋ voice(声音)/facial expression(表情)/body language(肢体语言)/thought(想法)．
类型 结构 例子
voice 副词 介词短语 firmly，forcefully in a/an ＋形容词＋tone/voice，in a tone of ＋情绪名词
类型 结构 例子
facial expression 定语从句 介词短语 独立主格结构 who looked as if he was about to cry
with a/an ＋形容词 ＋look/expression
his eyes narrowing in anger
类型 结构 例子
body language with 复合结构 非谓语动词 状语从句 with his arms folded leaning forward， turning his head as sb．was doing sth．
thought 非谓语动词 hoping/believing/considering that...
*“I hate them，” Linda screamed angrily，clenching her fists．
“我恨他们。”琳达握紧拳头， 愤怒地尖叫。
*“Awful，”the young man answered in a trembling voice．
“太可怕了。”这个年轻人用颤抖的声音回答道。
*“We can’t get out，”sighed Simon，dragged into the depth of despair．
“我们出不去了。” 西蒙叹了口气， 被拖进了绝望的深渊。
*“Well，let me think，”said the farmer，as he was wiping the sweat of the back of his neck．
“好吧，让我想想。” 农夫一边擦着脖子后面的汗， 一边说。
*“Mom，I don’t want to be out there，”Meimei whispered，hoping that her mother would not let her face the awkward situation．
“妈妈，我不想出去。”梅梅低声说，希望她妈妈不要让她面对这种尴尬的局面。
公式①　呼应首段式：衔接语＋主人公＋gradually/eventually/suddenly realized/learned/felt/couldn’t help but think that ＋衔接原文首段伏笔...(……， 主人公渐渐/终于/突然意识到/感觉到/明白/不禁想……)
11个续写吸睛结尾公式，深化主题
*衔接语小结：following that; eventually; at the sight of...; through/despite ＋名词；by doing...；as引导的时间状语从句
*After this event，he came to realize that while he had given the dog a home，it had given him something bigger—a second life．
这件事发生后，他开始意识到，虽然他给了那只狗一个家，但它也给了他更重要的东西——第二次生命。
*As they set out on the journey，the children had no idea what lay ahead，but they knew it would be a grand adventure．
孩子们踏上旅途时，不知道前方将会有什么，但知道这将是一次大冒险。
*By showing kindness to others，the young boy gradually learned that he could make a positive impact on the world surrounding him．
通过对他人友善，年轻男孩逐渐明白他可以对周围的世界产生积极的影响。
公式②　呼应首段式：衔接语，it struck/hit/occurred to/dawned on ＋主人公＋that ＋呼应原文首段...(……，主人公突然想到/逐渐明白……)
*注意：“衔接语”承接前文， “呼应原文首段……” 点明文章主题。这个表达方式前后呼应， 结构完整，使文章浑然一体。
*Following that，it gradually dawned on me that the love of mother is priceless，which nothing can match．
在那之后，我逐渐明白了母亲的爱是无价的，没有什么能与之相比。
*At the sight of my parents’working hard on the farm，it occurred to me that it was their selfless devotion that gave me a happy life．
看到父母在农场辛勤工作，我突然醒悟，正是他们的无私奉献给了我幸福的生活。
公式③　结尾点题式：(Whenever) Looking back on/Thinking of ＋ the experience/the journey等名词，主人公 ＋always/still...[(无论何时)回首/想到……， 主人公总是/仍然……]
*注意：时间状语从句(省略形式)/非谓语动词承接前文所述故事， 主干部分用来点明主题。这种结尾使主旨表达清晰而凝练。
*Looking back on our adventurous journey，we realized that it was all worth it in the end．
回首充满惊险之旅，我们觉得最终这一切都值得。
*Whenever thinking of that heart-warming scene，Jenna couldn’t help getting deeply moved by the selfless love and care of her neighbors．
每当詹娜想起那暖心的场景，她都会情不自禁地被邻居无私的关爱深深打动。
*And now，when looking back upon that experience，Edun still feels that it was that experience that transformed her into a nature-loving being．
现在，当回顾那段经历时，艾顿仍然觉得正是那段经历把她变成了一个热爱自然的人。
公式④　结尾点题式：衔接语， (形容词＋)无灵主语＋ sounded/echoed/rang ( ＋ in one’s ear/head/mind/...) (……，……在耳边/脑中/……回响。)
*Since then，my father’s plain and encouraging words have always echoed in my mind，guiding the way of my life．
从那时起，父亲那些平淡而鼓励的话就一直在我的脑海中回响，指引着我的人生道路。
*Though many years had passed，his warning was still ringing in my ear．
虽然许多年过去了，他的警告仍然在我耳边回响。
公式⑤　结尾点题式：(衔接语＋) (形容词＋)无灵主语＋有灵动词＋主人公＋that...(……主人公……)
*注意：常见的可用于该公式中的有灵动词有enlighten，remind，hit home to 等。
*The whole experience reminded me that teamwork was key to our success in the project．
这整个经历提示我，团队合作是我们成功地完成这个项目的关键。
*The special experience enlightened me that company is the most important for the elderly．
这次特别的经历使我明白：陪伴对老年人来说是最重要的。
*Such a warm scene reminded me that the language barrier can never be a problem between kind and friendly people．
如此温馨的场景提醒我：语言障碍永远不会是善良友好的人们之间的难题。
公式⑥　主题升华式：衔接句＋Just as the saying goes，＋名言/谚语．(……正如俗话所说，……)
*用一句简短的名言警句对主题进行升华，往往发人深省，给人启示。
*Through the experience，we learned that helping others in need makes our day as well．Just as the saying goes，“Roses given，fragrance in hand．”
通过这次经历，我们认识到帮助有需要的人也会让我们很快乐。正如俗话所说：“赠人玫瑰，手留余香。”
公式⑦　主题升华式：Just then，a(n) old/famous saying/sb．’s words flashed through/echoed in one’s mind，“名言/谚语．” (就在那时，一句老话/名言/某人的话“……”闪过某人的脑海/在某人脑海中回响。)
*Just then，a famous saying flashed through his mind，“Keep your face always towards the sunshine，and shadows will fall behind you．”
就在那时，他想到一句名言：“始终面向阳光，阴影自然落在你身后。”
公式⑧　人生感悟式：Not until then did ＋主人公＋realize/learn what true ＋主旨名词＋was：感悟到的道理．(直到那时，主人公才意识/理解真正的……是：……)
*主人公的有关“个人成长、亲情、友情、梦想”等的心理感受或感慨可以用倒装句或强调句表达出来。
*Not until then did I realize what true friendship was：A friend in need is a friend indeed．
直到那时我才意识到什么是真正的友谊：患难见真情。
*Not until then did I come to understand what my teacher meant by saying “You’re unique in the world．”
直到那时，我才明白我的老师说的 “你是世界上独一无二的” 是什么意思。
公式⑨　人生感悟式：It is/was ＋主旨名词＋ that ...(，which sb．felt deep in one’s heart/mind．)[正是……(，某人在心里深深感受到了这一点。)]
*It is love and care that make the world go around，which he felt deep in his heart．
正是爱和关心让世界转动，他在心里深深感受到了这一点。
*It was the cross-country adventure that was the start to a lasting friendship between him and me．
正是这次越野冒险开始了我和他之间持久的友谊。
公式⑩　寓情于景式：With ＋the ＋形容词＋sunlight/wind/air/snow...，sb．/sth．did...(……的阳光/风/空气/雪……，某人/某物……)
*尾句描写情与景，构建情与景之间的和谐场景，公式中的景物应与原文中的景物或天气情况衔接。
*With the warm sunlight flooding in，they hugged together，feeling forgiven，loved and trusted．
温暖的阳光照进来，他们拥抱在一起，感到被原谅、被爱和被信任。
*After a whole day of volunteering service in the nursing home，we headed for our home，with the setting sun shining upon our happy faces appreciatively．
在养老院志愿服务一整天后， 我们动身回家， 落日赞赏地把余晖照耀在我们愉快的脸上。
公式 　寓情于景式：Despite/In spite of the ＋形容词＋wind/rain/storm/air/...，sb．/sth．did sth．(尽管有……的风/雨/暴风雨/空气，某人/某物……某事。)
*Despite the bone-chilling wind，I felt a wave of warmth and pride as I had got the love and respect of my classmates．
尽管寒风刺骨，我还是感到一阵温暖和自豪，因为我得到了同学们的爱和尊重。
热点情景练1　落实立德树人
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Passage 1
(2024·山东青岛三模)
One Sunday，we arrived home from a wedding to find our neighbors sitting among a pile of buckets，bottles，and anything they could fill water in．After inquiring，they said they had been waiting for the water truck．In some parts of Johannesburg，South Africa，homes have not had water in their taps for weeks and months on end．
Thankfully，my dad’s planning ahead blessed our home with a precious borehole (钻井) that provides us with fresh water every day．Sometimes，because we are off the grid (网格)，we are not even aware of what is happening around us，especially with the lack of water—until we see people queuing up，waiting for the water trucks the government sends．Often，the trucks are late or run out of water before reaching our street．
In the spirit of Ubuntu，a Zulu (祖鲁语) term meaning humanity that also translates to：“I am because we are”， we encouraged the neighbors to collect their water from our borehole．We opened the gate and connected the pipe．Very quickly，the word spread，and the old and the young gathered with various-sized containers to collect this life-giving liquid．There was much laughter and chatter，along with some singing as bucket after bucket was filled．It was heart-warming to watch the young help the elderly carry their water home before returning for their own buckets．And as long as our family’s borehole is working，we practice Ubuntu．
“It is not safe to let strangers on to your property，” some say．But humanity drives us to take the risk because the burden is lessened when shared．It is what we need for our collective survival．
A simple act of sharing water has spread hope in the community that we can overcome the difficulties we face together．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一家在南非Johannesburg的某个经常缺水地区的生活经历。由于政府送水车经常晚到或水不够用，当地居民面临着严重的用水问题。作者家因为有一个钻井而能够每天获得淡水，于是他们秉持着“Ubuntu(我为人人，人人为我)”的精神，开放家门，让邻居们从自家的钻井中取水。这一举动展现了人性中的善良和分享精神以及这种精神对于社区团结和生存的重要性。
1．What did the author find when arriving home
A．Plastic bottles piled upon the road．
B．Neighbors were short of water．
C．Water trucks were out of service．
D．Public facilities were damaged．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据文章第一段“One Sunday，we arrived home from a wedding to find our neighbors sitting among a pile of buckets，bottles，and anything they could fill water in．After inquiring，they said they had been waiting for the water truck．”可知，作者回家时发现邻居们缺水。]
2．What is the father like according to paragraph 2
A．Forward-looking．　　 B．Hard-working．
C．Well-educated． D．Self-confident．
√
A　[推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Thankfully，my dad’s planning ahead blessed our home with a precious borehole that provides us with fresh water every day．”可知，作者的父亲具有前瞻性，提前规划并安装了钻井，每天为家里提供淡水。]
3．Which of the following best interprets the spirit of Ubuntu
A．One good turn deserves another．
B．A man can do no more than he can．
C．Hardship makes a man wise，not rich．
D．We are stronger when standing together．
√
D　[推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the spirit of Ubuntu，a Zulu term meaning humanity that also translates to：‘I am because we are’， we encouraged the neighbors to collect their water from our borehole．”可知，文章中提到Ubuntu的含义是“我为人人，人人为我”，这体现了团结和互助的精神；作者鼓励邻居们从他们家的钻井取水，也体现了这种精神。因此，最能解释Ubuntu精神的是“我们站在一起时更强大”。 ]
4．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 4 refer to
A．Property． B．Humanity．
C．Risk． D．Burden．
√
B　[代词指代题。根据文章第四段“But humanity drives us to take the risk because the burden is lessened when shared．”可知，这句话中的“It”指的是前面提到的“humanity”，即人性。]
Passage 2
(2024·湖南雅礼中学二模)
Learning to forgive those who have “wronged us” may not always be easy，but it’s definitely worth it．Here’s why．
First，forgiveness has absolutely nothing to do with the other person at all．Forgiveness is about one thing and one thing only：it’s about how you feel．This is why it doesn’t matter if the offense is large or small．When you hold on to the anger，when you get stuck in blaming the other person and refuse to move on，you are hurting no one but yourself．
You may have been taught to “turn the other cheek”， which can be interpreted as letting those who have harmed you in some way walk all over you．Don’t fight back，and just let it happen．But is that really what we’re supposed to do No．Forgiving is neither about playing the martyr (自我牺牲的人) or victim，nor about being a doormat (受气包)．You can forgive what others have done to you，but you should not sacrifice your own interests．
For example，should you let your colleague get away with taking credit for your work，while you sit in silence No．First，you can choose to forgive his action so that you can calm down．Then you can calmly explain to your boss who actually did the work on that project，without seeming overly emotional or like you have any kind of agenda other than to set the record straight．
Of course，if it’s something trivial, you can just choose to forgive and let it go．
It’s important to note that this also (and especially) applies when it comes to forgiving yourself．Since thoughts of self-blame or self-hatred are the worst thoughts we can have，staying stuck in that vibration will cause more harm than any other emotion．Move into anger，stabilize there，and then move up the emotional scale until you gradually but consistently feel better．You owe it to yourself．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了学会原谅的重要性。
5．What is forgiveness mainly about according to the author
A．Controlling our own feelings．
B．Making ourselves feel better．
C．Lessening the harm of an offence．
D．Repairing relationships with others．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Forgiveness is about one thing and one thing only：it’s about how you feel．”可知，宽恕关乎你自己的感受，学会宽恕是为了让自己感觉更好。]
6．How should we react if we’re harmed by others
A．Turn the other cheek．
B．Calm down and let it go．
C．Ask for help from others．
D．Fight back in a proper way．
√
D　[推理判断题。根据第三段可知，宽恕不是自我牺牲或者忍气吞声，不应该牺牲自身利益，由此可推测出，当我们受到别人的伤害时，要用适当的方式反击。]
7．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “trivial” in paragraph 5
A．unimportant B．unique
C．unusual D．uninteresting
√
A　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“you can just choose to forgive and let it go(你可以选择原谅并放手)”并结合上下文可推测出，你可以选择原谅并放手的事情应该是一些不重要的小事，trivial意为“微不足道的”，与unimportant意思最接近。]
8．What’s the text mainly about
A．The way to get along well with others．
B．The importance of learning to forgive．
C．The reason to forgive ourselves．
D．The way to fight back against dishonest colleagues．
√
B　[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Learning to forgive those who have ‘wronged us’may not always be easy，but it’s definitely worth it．Here’s why．”可知，本文主要介绍了学会原谅的重要性。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2024·江苏南通三模)
I have been told many times that we should cherish what we have．But I never truly 1 it until a year ago．
When I graduated from junior high school，I was 2 ．I had never experienced such a sad goodbye before then．When the bell rang，my classmates 3 walked out of the door，exchanging their last words of farewell and giving last-minute hugs．I knew that—despite the 4 —there would be little chance for all of us to sit in one room again．
Once more I passed the willow tree (柳树) under which we exercised，played together，and even exchanged 5 for the future．I could not 6 how many times we had stuffed a snowball down somebody’s collar during a snowball fight when our head teacher wasn’t 7 from the second floor．At that time，the 8 were young，like little fairies (仙子) dancing in the sunshine．
Now，however，they seemed to 9 every time a breeze blew past．How much we 10 those leaves! After we had gained enough nutrition together and 11 ， the wind was about to carry us to various destinations．I was lost in thought．So，I opened my notebook and viewed my 12 notes...and there it was：a photograph in which my 14-year-old self and my best friend stood smiling and joking during an autumn tour to Shanxi．
I had indeed lived those 13 days．Smiling to myself，I packed the notebook and went on with my 14 ， convinced that I came，I cherished，and there was nothing that I had 15 ．And I will continue to cherish every moment that comes my way．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过回顾初中毕业时的不舍与柳树下的美好回忆，感悟到应珍惜眼前的人和事，表达了对过往快乐时光的怀念及对未来旅程的坚定态度，强调了珍惜当下的重要性。
题号
1
3
5
2
4
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
1．A．changed B．understood
C．deserved D．regretted
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我从来没有真正地理解它，直到一年前。根据后文的“Smiling to myself，I packed the notebook and went on with my________， convinced that I came，I cherished，and there was nothing that I had________．And I will continue to cherish every moment that comes my way．”可知，这里指的是直到经历了一次离别，作者才真正“理解”了珍惜眼前的人和事的重要性，理解了经历过、珍惜过，就没有错过。]
题号
2
1
3
4
5
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
2．A．sorrowful B．relieved
C．curious D．fascinated
14
15
√
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我从初中毕业时，我是悲伤的。根据前文的“When I graduated from junior high school”和后文的“I had never experienced such a sad goodbye before then．”可知，毕业时面对与同学的分别，作者感到“悲伤”。 ]
题号
3
2
4
5
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
3．A．regularly B．leisurely
C．unwillingly D．cautiously
14
15
√
C　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：当铃响时，我的同学们不情愿地走出门，交换着最后的告别词，给予最后的拥抱。 根据前文的“I had never experienced such a sad goodbye before then”和后文的“walked out of the door”可知，毕业分别的场景下，同学们走出教室应该是带着不舍的，即“不情愿地”。 ]
题号
4
2
3
5
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
4．A．wishes B．problems
C．pressures D．difficulties
14
15
√
A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有着愿望，但我知道我们所有人再次坐在同一个房间的机会微乎其微。根据后文的“there would be little chance for all of us to sit in one room again”并结合常识可知，这里指的是尽管大家都有再次相聚的“愿望”，但很难真的实现。]
题号
2
4
5
3
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
5．A．reasons B．ambitions
C．explanations D．requirements
14
15
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我又一次走过那棵柳树，我们在那里一起锻炼，一起玩耍，甚至交换对未来的抱负。根据后文的“for the future”可知，同学们在树下分享的是对未来的期望和“抱负”。 ]
题号
2
4
5
3
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
6．A．find B．prove
C．stop D．remember
14
15
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不记得有多少次我们在打雪仗时，趁班主任不在二楼看着的时候，把雪球塞进别人的衣领里。根据后文的“how many times”并结合语境可知，这里是回忆过去的事情，但具体次数记不清了，所以是不“记得”。]
题号
2
4
5
3
7
6
8
9
10
11
12
13
1
7．A．playing B．lecturing
C．starting D．looking
14
15
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前后文的“how many times we had stuffed a snowball down somebody’s collar during a snowball fight when our head teacher wasn’t________ from the second floor”并结合常识可知，这里描述的是老师没有“注意”或“看”的情景。]
题号
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
8．A．leaves B．teachers
C．snowball D．classmates
14
15
√
A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时，树叶还年轻，像仙子在阳光下跳舞。根据前文的“Once more I passed the willow tree ”可知，前文提到了柳树；再根据后文的“How much we________ those leaves！”可知，这里描述的是树上的“叶子”，树叶像仙子在阳光下跳舞。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
9．A．hesitate B．recover
C．pretend D．depart
14
15
√
D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，现在，每当微风吹过，他们似乎就离开了。根据后文的“every time a breeze blew past”可知，这里用拟人的手法描述树叶被风吹动，仿佛要“离开”树枝。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
10．A．pictured B．resembled
C．accompanied D．embraced
14
15
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们多么像那些树叶啊！ 根据前文的“Now，however，they seemed to________every time a breeze blew past．”和后文的“those leaves”可知，这里是一种比喻，作者觉得学生的离校“像”树叶离开大树。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
11．A．checked in B．turned up
C．showed off D．grown up
14
15
√
D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：在我们一起汲取了足够的养分并长大后，风即将把我们带到各自的目的地。根据前文的“After we had gained enough nutrition together and”并结合语境可知，这里是指随着时间流逝，大家“长大”了，即将分开。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
12．A．blank B．special
C．previous D．domestic
14
15
√
C　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是，我打开笔记本，查看我之前的笔记……这是一张照片，14岁的我和我最好的朋友在去山西秋游时笑着开玩笑。根据前文的“I opened my notebook”可知，笔记本里记录的是过去的记忆，所以是“之前的”笔记。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
13．A．joyful B．lonely
C．painful D．fearless
14
15
√
A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我确实度过了那些快乐的日子。根据前文的“Once more I passed the willow tree under which we exercised，played together，and even exchanged________________for the future．”可知，以前在学校的这些日子是“充满快乐的”。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
14．A．feast B．journey
C．work D．research
14
15
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对自己微笑着，收拾好笔记本，继续我的旅程，我确信我来了，我珍惜，没有什么我错过了。根据前文的“Smiling to myself，I packed the notebook and went on with my”并结合语境可知，作者收拾好笔记本，继续自己的“旅程”，这里“旅程”既是实际的旅行，也是人生的旅程。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
15．A．packed B．gained
C．missed D．explored
14
15
√
C　[考查动词词义辨析。根据前文“convinced that I came，I cherished，and there was nothing that I had”可知，经历过、珍惜过，就没有“错过”。 ]
Ⅲ．语法填空
(2024·浙江台州二模)
Tang Yan gave up a promising career in 1992 to save an almost lost art—that of “Beijing silk figurine (北京绢人)”．In 1997，she established a studio with five other enthusiasts．Then they spent 1．________ entire year making several figurines，only to find there was no market for their products．
an
“A figurine could cost 2．________ (basic) the annual salary of many people at the time due to precious materials and complicated handicraft techniques，” Tang said．“Many potential customers were amazed by the beauty of our products，but their price 3．________ (drive) them away．”
basically
drove
The first failure taught Tang 4．________ they needed：finding ways to reduce production costs．She made many creative and bold 5．____________ (adaptation) to the traditional figurines，like using machines to paint the clothes．These measures cut the price to less than a tenth of the 6．________ (origin) one．However，7．________ (lend) the dolls a sense of delicacy and craftsmanship，she preserved several handmade processes for hair and make-up．
what
adaptations
original
to lend
After decades of whole-hearted devotion 8．________ the craft，Tang now runs her own Beijing figurine product brand Tang Wawa．“Girls in China need their own dolls．When I was little，dolls 9．_____________ (call) yangwawa，meaning Western dolls，” Tang continued．“I wanted to create dolls 10．________ (bear) a cultural connection to Chinese people，figurines with a rich historical implication．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章详细描述了唐燕如何放弃有前途的事业，投身于拯救濒临失传的“北京绢人”艺术之中。
to
were called
bearing
1．an　[考查冠词。句意：然后他们花了整整一年的时间制作了几个小雕像，却发现他们的产品没有市场。year是可数名词，句中用的单数，空前应用不定冠词修饰，表示“一”，且entire的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。]
2．basically　[考查词性转换。句意：由于材料珍贵，工艺复杂，一个小雕像的成本相当于当时很多人的年薪。设空处修饰空前的动词，应该用副词修饰。故填basically。]
3．drove　[考查动词的时态。句意：许多潜在客户对我们产品的美丽感到惊讶，但它们的价格却把他们赶走了。本句是but连接的并列句，根据前文were amazed可知，设空处用一般过去时。故填drove。]
4．what　[考查宾语从句。句意：第一次失败教会了唐燕他们所需要的：找到降低生产成本的方法。设空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，应用what引导。故填what。]
5．adaptations　[考查名词的数。句意：她对传统的小雕像做了许多有创意和大胆的改编，比如用机器给衣服上色。空前是形容词，所以设空处应填名词作宾语，adaptation意为“改编本”，为可数名词，根据前文的many可知，用复数形式。故填adaptations。]
6．original　[考查词性转换。句意：这些措施把价格降到了原来的十分之一以下。空后是名词，所以设空处应填形容词作定语。故填original。]
7．to lend　[考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，为了给娃娃增添精致感和工艺感，她保留了一些手工制作的发型和妆容。本句已有谓语动词preserved，所以设空处用非谓语动词形式，根据句意，此处表目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to lend。]
8．to　[考查介词。句意：经过对这门手艺几十年的全身心投入，唐燕现在经营着自己的北京绢人产品品牌“唐娃娃”。 devotion to献身于。故填to。]
9．were called　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当我还小的时候，娃娃被称为洋娃娃，意思是西方娃娃。call作本句谓语，和主语dolls之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据前文的was可知，用一般过去时，且主语dolls为复数。故填were called。]
10．bearing　[考查非谓语动词。句意：我想制作与中国人有文化联系的娃娃以及具有丰富历史内涵的绢人。本句已有谓语动词wanted，所以bear用非谓语动词形式，和逻辑主语dolls之间是主动关系，用动词-ing形式作定语。故填bearing。]
热点情景练2　展现中国元素
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Passage 1
The sheepskin raft，the oldest ferry tool along the Yellow River in Northwest China，boasts a history of nearly 2，000 years．The airbag of the raft is made of a whole sheepskin and undergoes meticulous processes that include heating to remove hair，soaking in salty oil，sewing，drying and blowing．Subsequently，the airbags are fastened to a rectangular wooden stand，enabling its use for transporting people and goods across the water．
It is said that the largest sheepskin raft in old times consisted of more than 600 sheepskin airbags，with an impressive length of 22 meters and a width of 7 meters．It was capable of carrying around 30 tons of goods and drifting over 200 kilometers in one day，making it as formidable (令人敬畏的) as a steamship．No wonder that there was a local saying，“A sheepskin raft can rival a warship．”
In the early 20th century，before the 1950s，when railways were not yet in operation and road traffic was inconvenient，the sheepskin raft served as the most important means of transportation for residents inhabiting along the Yellow River．
However，with the rapid development of society，the sheepskin raft has largely fulfilled its historical role in transporting people and goods．Nowadays，it can only be found along the banks of the Yellow River in cities such as Lanzhou and Baiyin in Gansu Province，Zhongwei in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region．It has become a tool for people to ferry on the Yellow River for sightseeing and leisure．
Today only some of the older generation of rafters still operate the traditional sheepskin rafts，who are inheritors and are helping to preserve the ancient craft．The younger generations are not willing to continue the operation and choosing to pursue other business opportunities on the riverbank．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国西北黄河沿岸最古老的摆渡工具——羊皮筏的历史、制作方法以及现状等情况。
1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph
A．The way to make sheepskin crafts．
B．The structure of a sheepskin craft’s airbag．
C．The skill in operating sheepskin crafts．
D．The materials used for making sheepskin crafts．
√
A　[段落大意题。根据第一段的“The airbag of the raft is made of a whole sheepskin...goods across the water．”可知，本段主要介绍了如何制作羊皮筏。]
2．What does the underlined word “meticulous” mean
A．Steady．　　 B．Constant．
C．Careful． D．Awkward．
√
C　[词义猜测题。根据后面的“heating to remove hair，soaking in salty oil，sewing，drying and blowing”可知，制作羊皮筏的过程比较精细。]
3．What does the local saying reflect about sheepskin rafts
A．Their appearance． B．Their weight．
C．Their design． D．Their function．
√
D　[推理判断题。结合第二段的“It was capable of carrying around 30 tons of goods and drifting over 200 kilometers in one day，making it as formidable as a steamship．”可知，当地人的谚语“羊皮筏可以与战舰相媲美”说明了这种羊皮筏的巨大作用。]
4．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs
A．You can go sightseeing by ferrying on a river．
B．Riding sheepskin crafts is a new business．
C．Young crafters are keen on the ancient crafts．
D．Sheepskin rafts are gradually disappearing．
√
D　[推理判断题。根据最后两段的内容可知，现在的年轻一代不愿意继续经营羊皮筏生意，选择在江岸寻找其他商机，说明羊皮筏正在渐渐地消失。]
Passage 2
(2024·陕西铜川二模)
From the world’s last seven to a global population of more than 5，000，China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises (朱鹮) from the edge of extinction．
With its typical red crest and face，as well as a long black mouth and snow-white feathers，the crested ibis is known as the “Oriental Gem” in China．They were once widespread in East Asia and Siberia until the 20th century when hunting，ecological damage，and increased human activities drove the birds to near extinction．
In 1981，the entire species around the world was down to the seven crested ibises which were found only in Yangxian County，northwest China’s Shaanxi Province，and deep in the Qinling Mountains，making Qinling，a natural boundary between China’s north and south，the “Noah’s Ark (挪亚方舟) ” of the wild bird．
Since 1981，the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans for the protection of the species，prohibiting activities including hunting in the birds’living areas，cutting down trees where they nest，using chemicals in their food-finding areas，and firing guns in their breeding (繁殖) areas．The Chinese government arranged special funds to protect the habitat of crested ibises，sealing off mountains to plant trees in the birds’living areas．China started the artificial breeding of crested ibises in 1991 and has bred more than 400 birds in Shaanxi．
Years of constant effort have brought promising results．It is estimated that there are more than 5，000 crested ibises in the world now，and about half of them live in Shaanxi．The bird’s habitat in China has risen from less than five square kilometres in 1981 to the current 15，000 km2．
“It is lucky that the crested ibis，an ancient bird，is still flying around，” said Zan Linsen，head of the Shaanxi Academy of Forestry．“The conservation story of crested ibises not only shows us the power of ancient life but also the necessity and urgency of ecological environmental protection．”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。40年保护，朱鹮归来！ 从独孤七只到千鹮竞翔，从秦岭飞向世界，从踪迹难觅到近在咫尺，中国创造了生态保护的经典范例。
5．Why are the Qinling Mountains so important for crested ibises
A．They used to be the last habitat of crested ibises．
B．They are where crested ibises were first found．
C．They protect crested ibises from natural enemies．
D．They are the only breeding area of crested ibises．
√
A　[细节理解题。根据第三段可知，1981年，世界上的最后7 只朱鹮在秦岭地区被发现，这一地区是朱鹮的“诺亚方舟”，即最后的栖息地。]
6．What can we conclude from the fourth paragraph
A．It’s legal to own hunting guns in Yangxian County．
B．Crested ibises are unlikely to be bred artificially．
C．The government plays a key role in saving crested ibises．
D．Hunting has been the biggest threat to crested ibises．
√
C　[细节理解题。根据第四段“Since 1981，the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans...The Chinese government arranged special funds to ...”可知，中央政府和地方政府出台了一系列保护措施， 这对挽救濒临灭绝的朱鹮起到了至关重要的作用。]
7．How does Zan Linsen feel about the conservation of crested ibises
A．Proud and ambitious．
B．Relieved and happy．
C．Sorry and regretful．
D．Shocked and curious．
√
B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，他对朱鹮保护事业的成功感到欣慰和高兴。]
8．Which could be a suitable title for the text
A．Artificial Breeding of Crested Ibises in China
B．Rare Animals in China：Crested Ibises
C．Crested Ibises Found Again in the Qinling Mountains
D．Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Comeback
√
D　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“From the world’s last seven to a global population of more than 5，000，China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises from the edge of extinction．”可知，本文主要讲述了濒危鸟类朱鹮在中国成功实现种群恢复的故事。故D项“Endangered Crested Ibises Making a Comeback (濒临灭绝的朱鹮东山再起)”符合题意。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五
The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important festivals in the Chinese calendar．The festival typically involves family getting together to share mooncakes while watching the moon．Typical Chinese mooncakes are round in shape，and measure around 10 cm in diameter and 4－5 cm in thickness．Most mooncakes consist of a thin tender skin enveloping a sweet and dense filling．
1 It is a custom for housewives to prepare mooncakes at home when the festival is approaching．Now let’s learn to make traditional Chinese mooncakes．
Above all，full preparations should be made，including materials such as flour，water，sugar and vegetable oil，and fillings—the lotus seed paste and eggs．Mix together all the materials to get the dough (生面团)． 2 .
Next，separate the egg yolks from the whites and salt the steamed yolks．While the oven is preheated to 180 degrees Celsius，roll the lotus paste and the dough into small balls． 3 .
Then，shape up with each consisting of a dough wrapper，one ball of the lotus paste，and half of a salted egg yolk．Make a hole in a ball of the lotus paste and put the yolk inside．Similarly，cover the ball (with the yolk inside) with a wrapper． 4 Then shape it with the mold (模具)．
5 Take them out after 5 minutes and brush them with the egg wash．Put the mooncakes back until they become golden brown．
Remember to wait for two days to eat the mooncakes when they will be soft and also look shiny．
A．A mooncake ball is made．
B．Prepare the salted egg yolks．
C．Finally，put all mooncakes into the oven．
D．Flatten each piece of dough into a thin wrapper．
E．There’re many stories about mooncakes and Chang’e．
F．Mooncakes are the must-eat food for the Mid-Autumn Festival．
G．Covered with plastic wrap，it should be set aside for at least 3 hours．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了制作月饼的流程和方法。
1．F　[空后讲到了“It is a custom for housewives to prepare mooncakes”，故可推知空处也应该会讲到月饼对于中秋节的重要意义，故F项符合语境。]
2．G　[空前一句讲到了“get the dough”，下文则讲到了另一个步骤。因此，空处应该会讲到对面团的处置方式，结合常识可知，做好面团之后需要醒面。G项“盖上塑料膜，它(面团)至少要放置3个小时。”符合语境。G项中的it指代空前的the dough。]
3．D　[根据空前一句中的“roll the lotus paste and the dough into small balls”并结合常识可知，空处应该会讲到擀皮，故D项符合语境。下文中的“a dough wrapper”亦是提示。]
4．A　[根据空前的描述和空后一句“Then shape it with the mold．”可知，月饼团的制作已经完成，故A项符合语境。]
5．C　[结合语境可知，空后一句中的“Take them out after 5 minutes”指的是5分钟后，把月饼从烤箱中拿出来，因此，空处应该会讲到把月饼放进烤箱，且C项中的“Finally”与上文中的“Next...Then...”形成了序列，故C项符合语境。]
Ⅲ．语法填空
(2024·湖南娄底二模)
Acupuncture (针灸)，an ancient Chinese medical practice，has been a treatment for countless patients for thousands of years．Before modern medicine came 1．________ life，ancient Chinese people used sharpened stone tools and bones 2．___________ (relieve) pain．Over time，this practice evolved into 3．________ comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture．
to
to relieve
a
Acupuncture is a treatment that aims to promote the body’s self-regulating functions．Its treatment principles are 4．________ (basic) connected with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine，5．________ emphasizes overall treatment and adjustment，balance of bodily functions and physiological well-being．
basically
which
Practices can vary in forms，including needle insertion，cupping and scraping (刮痧)．Needle insertion，the most common method，6．__________ (carry) out by inserting hair-thin needles into specific points on the body．Practitioners may gently twist needles to unblock the flow of energy，restore yin and yang balance，and stimulate the body’s innate potential to heal 7．________ (it)．
is carried
itself
8．________ (look) beyond China，acupuncture is becoming more and more popular．Over the past decades，acupuncture 9．________ (see) many advancements in scientific research and modern medicine．It is now a mainstream alternative and complementary treatment for a variety of illnesses．According to a 2019 WHO report，acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries，illustrating its widespread 10．_____________ (recognize) and application．
Looking
has seen
recognition
As an ancient Chinese medical practice with a rich history and deep cultural significance，acupuncture is expected to go further．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了针灸这一古老的中国医学实践的历史、原理、实践方法以及其在全球范围内的应用情况。
1．to　[考查固定短语。句意：在现代医学出现之前，古代中国人使用磨尖的石器和骨头来缓解疼痛。come to life“出现，产生”。故填to。]
2．to relieve　[考查非谓语动词。句意：在现代医学出现之前，古代中国人使用磨尖的石器和骨头来缓解疼痛。非谓语动词作目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to relieve。]
3．a　[考查冠词。句意：随着时间的推移，这种实践演变成了一个全面而深刻的医疗体系，并形成了针灸的根源。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词修饰；comprehensive的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。]
4．basically　[考查词性转换。句意：它的治疗原则基本上与传统的中医哲学概念相联系，强调整体治疗和调整、身体功能的平衡和生理健康。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰空后的“connected”，用副词形式。故填basically。]
5．which　[考查定语从句。句意：它的治疗原则基本上与传统的中医哲学概念相联系，强调整体治疗和调整、身体功能的平衡和生理健康。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“traditional Chinese medicine”，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。]
6．is carried　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：最常见的方法是针刺，通过将头发粗细的针插入身体的特定穴位来实现。这里为本句的谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“Needle insertion”，单数，和动词短语“carry out”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is carried。]
7．itself　[考查反身代词。句意：针灸师可能会轻轻扭动针以疏通能量流动，恢复阴阳平衡，并刺激身体固有的自我修复潜力。这里作宾语，指的是上文的“the body”，用反身代词。故填itself。]
8．Looking　[考查非谓语动词。句意：放眼中国之外，针灸越来越受欢迎。非谓语动词作状语，和主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，用动词-ing形式；设空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填Looking。]
9．has seen　[考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年里，针灸在科学研究和现代医学方面取得了许多进展。这里为本句的谓语动词，根据时间状语“Over the past decades”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“acupuncture”，单数，谓语动词用has。故填has seen。]
10．recognition　[考查词性转换。句意：根据2019年世界卫生组织的一份报告，针灸在其120个成员国中的113个国家中使用，这表明了其广泛的认可和应用。分析句子成分可知，设空处作宾语，和空后的“application”保持一致，应用名词。故填recognition。]
热点情景练3　倡导健康生活
Ⅰ．阅读理解
Passage 1
(2024·山东泰安三模)
Are your keys not in the spot you thought you left them Can’t recall the title of a book I’ve had those moments．Such instances of “brain freeze” remind us that we should do everything in our power to keep our brains sharp．
A new study finds Tai Chi can help slow cognitive (认知的) decline and protect against dementia (痴呆)．The study included about 300 older adults，in their mid-70s on average，who had all reported that their memory was not as good as it used to be．
As part of the study，all the participants took a 10-minute test called the Montreal Cognitive Assessment．A normal score is 26－30．A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment (损害)，which means they don’t have dementia but they’re not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities．Once their score drops under 18，people experience quite a bit of impairment from memory loss and cognitive decline．
The average score of participants at the start of the study was 25．The study found that people who practiced a simplified form of Tai Chi twice a week for about six months improved their scores by 1.5 points，meaning that they’re going to get three extra years before they hit that decline into dementia．
Researchers also tested a more stricter type of Tai Chi，called Cognitively Enhanced Tai Chi，where they provided extra challenges．For example，participants were asked to spell a word，backward and forward，as they moved through a series of Tai Chi moves．The people who practice this type of Cognitively Enhanced Tai Chi improved their scores by about 3 points，meaning they are given six extra years of cognitive function．
The theory on why Tai Chi is effective is that it combines the memorization of the movements，known as forms，almost like composing dancing moves．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆。
1．Why are two questions raised in the first paragraph
A．To present the author’s doubts．
B．To expect answers from readers．
C．To analyze the causes of forgetfulness．
D．To introduce the main topic of the text．
√
D　[推理判断题。根据第一段的“Such instances of ‘brain freeze’remind us that we should do everything in our power to keep our brains sharp．”和第二段的“A new study finds Tai Chi can help slow cognitive decline and protect against dementia．”可推知，文章开头的两个问题是为了引出“练太极拳有助于减缓认知衰退和预防痴呆”这个主题。]
2．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．Cognitive assessment methods．
B．The process of running the test．
C．Cognitive measurement criteria．
D．The test results of the participants．
√
C　[段落大意题。本段主要介绍蒙特利尔认知评估，26－30分为正常，18－25分为轻度认知损伤，18分以下为重度认知损伤。由此可知，本段主要内容是介绍认知测量标准。]
3．What does the pretest average score of the participants imply
A．Most of them suffer from dementia．
B．They remain as quick-minded as before．
C．Many of them have slight cognitive decline．
D．They can protect themselves against dementia．
√
C　[推理判断题。根据第四段的“The average score of participants at the start of the study was 25．(研究开始时，参与者的平均得分是25分。)”以及第三段的“A person who scores between 18 and 25 is considered to have mild impairment，which means they don’t have dementia but they’re not as sharp as they used to be and may need to work harder to maintain everyday activities．”可知，他们中的许多人有轻微的认知能力下降。]
4．Why does Tai Chi have a positive impact
A．It helps resolve challenges．
B．It involves mind-body movements．
C．It puts off cognitive decline by three years．
D．It improves the participants’academic level．
√
B　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“The theory on why Tai Chi is effective is that it combines the memorization of the movements，known as forms，almost like composing dancing moves．”可知，太极之所以起到积极作用是因为它涉及身心运动。故选B项。]
Passage 2
(2024·河南信阳二模)
Household chores (家务活) may contribute to healthy aging，according to a study published in the journal BMJ Open．Researchers from Singapore found that regular physical activity，including tasks like dusting，scrubbing floors，and washing windows，can improve physical and mental health，reduce the risk of chronic diseases，and decrease falls，immobility，dependency，and mortality among older adults．
The study involved 249 participants aged 21 to 64 and 240 participants aged 65 to 90．Participants completed cognitive function tests and physical capability assessments．They were asked about their levels of physical activity，including light housework (such as dusting) and heavy housework (such as floor-scrubbing)．The researchers found that older adults who engaged in high amounts of heavy housework had higher cognitive and attention scores compared to those who did low levels or no heavy housework at all．These participants also had lower sit-to-stand times and were at a lower risk of falling．Similarly，older adults who reported high levels of light housework had higher cognitive and memory scores compared to those who did low levels of such tasks．
Dr．Shiou-Liang Wee，co-author of the research，emphasized that health messaging on staying active should not only focus on recreational physical activities．He highlighted that housework is a purposeful activity performed by many older adults and is linked to sharper memory and better fall protection．
However，experts urge caution when interpreting the study’s findings．Professor Gill Livingston from University College London noted that people who are not well may be expected to do less housework，and the study did not establish a causal relationship between housework and health outcomes．Professor Charlie Foster from the University of Bristol highlighted that the study relied on self-reported levels of household chores，which may be inaccurate，and did not fully consider other factors that could influence the results．While the study
suggests that household chores may have benefits for older adults’health，further research is needed to better understand the relationship between housework and healthy aging．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，家务活可能有助于老年人的健康，常做家务有助于身心健康，常做家务的人到了老年以后认知功能和记忆力更强，同时也能降低老年人的依赖感和摔倒的风险等。
5．How did the researchers measure the participants’levels of physical activity
A．By analyzing the participants’daily routines．
B．By doing household chores with the participants．
C．By carrying out a test on the participants．
D．By listening to the participants’spoken reports．
√
D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中“Participants completed cognitive function tests and physical capability assessments．They were asked about their levels of physical activity，including light housework (such as dusting) and heavy housework (such as floor-scrubbing)．”和“Similarly，older adults who reported high levels of light housework had higher cognitive and memory scores compared to those who did low levels of such tasks．”可知，研究人员通过听参与者的口头报告来测量参与者的身体活动水平。]
6．What can we know about the study
A．Household chores，heavy or light，do help．
B．The more housework for the elderly，the better．
C．The subjects are of similar age．
D．Light housework improves health better．
√
A　[推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，多做繁重家务或轻度家务的老年人的认知和注意力比不做或少做(繁重或轻度)家务的老年人得分更高，可得出不管是繁重家务还是轻度家务，都对老年人有益。]
7．What do Gill Livingston and Charlie Foster think of the result of the study
A．Objective． B．Meaningless．
C．Partial． D．Successful．
√
C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可知，Gill Livingston教授认为这项研究的结果没有建立家务与健康结果之间的因果关系，Charlie Foster教授认为这项研究的结果不准确，它没有充分考虑可能影响结果的其他因素，可得出两位教授认为这项研究的结果是“部分的，不完全的”。]
8．What is the text mainly about
A．Definite limitation of a study on healthy aging．
B．The introduction to a study on household chores．
C．Housework arguments among different experts．
D．Possible function of household chores for healthy aging．
√
D　[主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第一段内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，家务活可能有助于老年人的健康，常做家务有助于身心健康，常做家务的人到了老年以后认知功能和记忆力更强，同时也能降低老年人的依赖感和摔倒的风险等，可得出D项“家务活对健康衰老的可能的作用。”符合文意。]
Ⅱ．完形填空
(2024·河北邢台二模)
Borneo is home to some of the most extraordinary wildlife．Several years ago，I decided to go there for a visit．A local person offered to be my guide，which was a great bonus for me．One day，my guide turned off the smooth road and took me across a 1 hillside instead．We picked our way carefully when 2 a charming flower popped into my view among those stones．Oh，dear! More than 3 ， I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core．
4 ， to my surprise，it was only one of the 5 during the trip．As I 6 the end of my trip，there was still something I had yet to see．We planned to 7 the most feared creature there，the saltwater crocodile，which can grow to a 8 of 6 meters or more．When we shone a flashlight towards the muddy shore，little sounds 9 in the darkness as if something unseen underwater had broken the 10 ．Taking a second look，we spotted two greedy 11 just above the water line．As we drew near，it 12 and we saw clearly it was a
crocodile．With great caution，we neared it and finally could 13 its true dimensions．It was a baby—no more than 0.6 meter long．Aha，whatever，I could now report to the 14 back home，who had never been to Borneo，that I had 15 a hungry crocodile in the wild and lived to tell the tale．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一名当地导游的陪同下去探索婆罗洲的野生动植物的经历。
题号
1
3
5
2
4
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
1．A．rolling B．spectacular
C．rough D．breathtaking
√
C　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，我的导游离开了平坦的道路，带我穿过了一个崎岖的山坡。 根据空前的“turned off the smooth road”和空后的“hillside instead”可知，他们走的是一个崎岖的山坡。故选C。]
题号
2
1
3
4
5
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
2．A．suddenly B．literally
C．definitely D．ultimately
14
15
√
A　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们小心地看着路行走，突然那些石头中有一朵迷人的花出现在我的视野中。根据句中的“popped into my view”可知，这里表示他们在行路的过程中突然看到了一朵迷人的花。故选A。]
题号
3
2
4
5
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
3．A．alarmed B．pleased
C．concerned D．upset
14
15
√
B　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常高兴，弯下腰，把鼻子几乎伸进了花心。根据上文中的“a charming flower”和句中的“I bent down and put my nose practically inside the flower’s core”可知，作者看到这朵花时非常高兴，忍不住把鼻子凑到花心去闻。故选B。]
题号
4
2
3
5
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
4．A．Nevertheless B．Besides
C．Instead D．Therefore
14
15
√
A　[考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，令我惊讶的是，这只是此行的亮点之一。根据句中的“to my surprise”和上下文语境可知，这里表示转折，虽然这朵花很迷人，但这只是旅途路上的亮点之一。故选A。]
题号
2
4
5
3
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
5．A．desires B．motivations
C．destinations D．highlights
14
15
√
D　[考查名词词义辨析。根据空前的“one of”和下文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，路上有许多精彩的事物，这朵花只是其中一个亮点。故选D。]
题号
2
4
5
3
6
8
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
6．A．summarized B．suspected
C．approached D．valued
14
15
√
C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我的旅程接近尾声时，还有一些东西我还没有看到。根据空后的“the end of my trip”可知，这里表示旅行接近尾声。故选C。]
题号
2
4
5
3
7
6
8
9
10
11
12
13
1
7．A．hold onto B．pick up
C．reflect on D．hunt for
14
15
√
D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们计划在那里寻找最可怕的生物——咸水鳄，它可以长到6米或更长的长度。根据上文中的“there was still something I had yet to see”可知，作者还有许多东西没看到，所以他们计划去寻找咸水鳄。故选D。]
题号
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
9
10
11
12
13
1
8．A．width B．length
C．height D．size
14
15
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据空后的“of 6 meters or more”并结合常识可知，这里指咸水鳄的长度。故选B。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
9．A．emerged B．paused
C．continued D．declined
14
15
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们用手电筒照向泥泞的水岸时，黑暗中出现了一些微弱的声音，好像水下有什么看不见的东西打破了水面。 根据下文中的“we saw clearly it was a crocodile”可知，水里有咸水鳄，所以他们用手电筒照的时候听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱的声音。故选A。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
10．A．mud B．surface
C．ground D．shore
14
15
√
B　[考查名词词义辨析。根据句中的“something unseen underwater”和下文中的“above the water line”可知，他们听到了黑暗中发出的一些微弱的声音，好像是水下有什么看不见的东西打破水面的声音。故选B。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
11．A．legs B．mouths
C．eyes D．teeth
14
15
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：再看一眼，我们就在水线上方发现了两只贪婪的眼睛。根据空前的“two greedy”并结合常识可知，鳄鱼在水中时常常将头露出水面观察，这里指他们看到了鳄鱼的两只贪婪的眼睛。故选C。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
12．A．moved B．sank
C．hid D．escaped
14
15
√
A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走近时，它移动了，我们清楚地看到它是一条鳄鱼。根据句中的“As we drew near”可知，当作者他们走近鳄鱼时，鳄鱼动了一下。故选A。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
13．A．give out B．let out
C．turn out D．make out
14
15
√
D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们非常小心地走近它，终于可以辨认出它的真实大小。根据句中的“we neared it”和空后的“its true dimensions”可知，作者他们走近看时才辨认出鳄鱼的真实大小。故选D。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
14．A．victims B．opponents
C．folks D．guides
14
15
√
C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：啊哈，不管怎样，我现在可以向家里从未去过婆罗洲的人报告说，我在野外遇到了一条饥饿的鳄鱼，并活下来去讲述这个故事。根据空后的“back home，who had never been to Borneo”可知，这里指的是家里从未去过婆罗洲的人。故选C。]
题号
9
2
4
5
3
8
6
7
10
11
12
13
1
15．A．challenged B．encountered
C．terrified D．chased
14
15
√
B　[考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“a hungry crocodile in the wild”可知，这里指在野外遇到一条饥饿的鳄鱼。故选B。]
Ⅲ．语法填空
(2024·山东泰安三模)
You can be happy even when you’re suffering from illness，but that doesn’t mean you should ignore the aspects of your health 1．___________ are in your control．Exercise and sleep are particularly important when it comes 2．________ happiness．
that/which
to
Making exercise a regular habit isn’t just good for the body．It also has a 3．________ (power) effect on mental well-being．People who exercise regularly are happier across the board．Plus，they’re also less stressed，anxious，and 4．__________ (depress)．
powerful
depressed
It doesn’t really matter 5．________ kind of exercise you do，so long as you do it regularly．For the best results，aim for an hour of exercise at least five days a week．If you find something you enjoy，you’ll be more likely 6．________ (stick) to it．So don’t think you’re limited to 7．________ (go) to the gym．Find something that suits your lifestyle and preferences．If you’re having trouble thinking of activities you enjoy，think back to when you 8．________ (be) a kid．What sports or games did you like to play
what
to stick
going
were
Also，getting quality sleep every night directly 9．________ (affect) your happiness，and emotional stability during the day．When you’re lacking sleep，you’re much easier to stress．It’s harder to be productive，think creatively，and make wise 10．________ (decision)．The average person needs at least 7.5~9 hours each night．
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了锻炼和睡眠对于幸福的重要性。
decisions
affects
1．that/which　[考查定语从句。句意：即使你生病了，你也可以很快乐，但这并不意味着你应该忽视你可以控制的健康方面的问题。分析句子可知，空处应填关系代词引导定语从句，修饰先行词aspects，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。]
2．to　[考查介词。句意：当谈到幸福时，锻炼和睡眠尤为重要。when it comes to意为“当提到……的时候”。故填to。]
3．powerful　[考查词性转换。句意：将锻炼变成一种常规习惯不仅对身体有益，它还对心理健康有着强大的积极影响。分析句子可知，设空处在句中