Period 4 单元语法讲练(Using language)
构词法
美文诵读 语法体悟
Last ①weekend，I was traveling home from business．At the entrance to the subway，I met a man in a wheelchair who was seriously physically ②disabled，and I decided to offer him some help．I went to the nearby food ③stand and bought him a ④pineapple and two ⑤hamburgers．He explained he was once ⑥healthy but an accident left him disabled．While listening to his story I realized that he had ⑦experienced a lot in his life，so I offered him some money and told him，“Keep it up and ⑧happiness would fall on you．” 左栏斜体单词是在原有单词的基础上进行了一系列合成、派生和转化而组成的新单词，如①、④和⑤是由两个单词连在一起合成的一个新词；②、⑥和⑧是在词根之后加上后缀或在词根之前加上前缀派生成的新词；③和⑦是在不改变词形的前提下将一个词由一种词性转化为另外一种词性的新词。
英语构词法主要有四种：合成法、派生法、转化法和缩略法。
一、合成法
合成法就是将两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方法。有的直接写在一起，有的用连词符号“-”连接，还有的由分开的两个词构成。如guidebook，face-to-face，sleeping pill等。
1．合成名词的主要构成法
构成方式 例词
名词＋名词 weekend 周末；suitcase 手提箱
形容词＋名词 greenhouse 温室；gentleman 绅士
动词＋名词 playground 操场；postcard 明信片
动词-ing＋名词 wedding dress婚纱
名词＋动词 sunshine 阳光；daybreak 黎明，破晓
名词＋动词-ing handwriting 书法；sightseeing 观光
副词＋动词 outbreak 爆发；downfall 垮台
其他 passer-by 路人；looker-on 旁观者；well-being 健康；grown-up 成年人；brother-in-law 姐/妹夫
2．合成形容词的主要构成法
构成方式 例词
形容词＋名词-ed warm-hearted友好的；good-tempered 脾气好的
数词＋名词-ed four-legged 四条腿的；five-storied 五层楼的
形容词＋动词-ing good-looking 漂亮的；easy-going 随和的
副词＋动词-ing hard-working 勤劳的；far-reaching 影响深远的
名词＋动词-ing peace-loving 爱好和平的；English-speaking 讲英语的
名词＋过去分词 sunburnt 晒伤的；snow-covered 被雪覆盖的
副词＋过去分词 well known 著名的；widespread 广泛的
形容词＋名词 high-class 高级的；full-time 全职的
数词＋名词 million-pound 百万英镑的；first-class 头等的
名词＋形容词 worldwide 世界各地的；snow-white 雪白的
数词＋名词 ＋形容词 eight-year-old 八岁的；five-meter-long 五米长的
3．合成动词的主要构成法
构成方式 例词
名词＋动词 sleepwalk 梦游；sunbathe 沐日光浴
副词＋动词 download 下载；undergo 经历
形容词＋动词 whitewash 粉刷；broadcast 广播
此外还有合成副词(everywhere 到处；however 不管怎样；forever 永远)；合成介词(within 在……之内；outside 在……外面)；合成代词(herself 她自己；anything 任何东西)等。
写出下列黑体词的含义
①After work，the saleswoman didn't head straight home． ____________
②The middle-aged woman is going to visit her mother this afternoon． ____________
③They decided to have another paper-making factory set up in this town． ____________
④There are more newly-built houses in this village than in that one． ____________
⑤It's a good idea to start a part-time job to make extra money． ____________
二、派生法
派生法是指给单词加上前缀或后缀构成新的单词的方法。
(一)常见前缀
1．表示否定意义的前缀
前缀 例词
un- uncomfortable 不舒服的；unnecessary 没有必要的
dis- discourage使泄气；dishonest不诚实的
in- informal 非正式的；incorrect 不正确的
im- impossible 不可能的；impatient 不耐烦的
il- illegal 不合法的；illogical 不合逻辑的
ir- irregular 不规则的；irresponsible 不负责任的
mis- mislead误导；misunderstand误会
non- non-stop 直达的；non-profit 非营利的
2．表示其他意义的前缀
前缀 含义 例词
en- 使 enrich 使丰富；enlarge 使扩大
re- 再，又 retell 复述；rebuild 重建
inter- 互相 interact 相互作用；international 国际的
co- 共同 co-worker 同事；cooperate 合作
anti- 反对；防止 anti-war 反战的；anti-gas 防毒气的
mid- 在中间 midnight 午夜；mid-autumn 中秋
over- 过于 overload 使超载；overweight 超重的
(二)常见后缀
1．常见名词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
-er 人 leader 领袖；founder 创建者
-or 人 educator 教育者；inventor 发明者
-ian/ant 人 musician音乐家；applicant申请人
-ist 人 scientist 科学家；artist艺术家
-ness 性质、状态 kindness善良；darkness黑暗
-ment 状态、结果 development 发展；achievement 成就
-tion/sion 情况、状态 introduction 介绍；discussion 讨论
-th 性质、状态 growth成长；warmth温暖
-y 性质、状态 honesty 诚实；difficulty 困难
2．常见形容词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
-ful 充满……的 hopeful 满怀希望的；successful 成功的
-less 没有……的 homeless 无家可归的；endless 无休止的
-al 有……性质的 professional 专业的；natural 自然的
-en 有……性质的 wooden木头的；woolen羊毛的
-able/ ible 可……的 changeable可能变化的；accessible 可到达的
-ive 有……作用的 attractive 吸引人的；impressive 令人赞叹的
-ous 充满……的 dangerous 危险的；humorous 幽默的
-ed ……的 experienced 有经验的；limited 有限的
-ly 每……的 weekly 每周的；monthly 每月的
3．常见动词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
-en 使，变得 strengthen 加强；deepen(使)变深
-fy 使……化 beautify美化；simplify使简化
-ize 使…… realize 意识到；memorize 记住
4．常见副词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
-ly 以……方式 slowly 缓慢地；totally 完全地
-ward(s) 朝……方向 backward(s) 向后；eastward(s) 向东
单句语法填空
①All of a sudden，my heart was filled with ________(warm)．
②I'm so ________(thank) that we had candles on hand that dark night．
③She promised to crack down on ________(legal) immigration．
④It was such a shock when they announced the ________(win) was Jim．
⑤It's natural that young people are often ________(comfortable) when they are with their parents．
⑥With the ________(develop) of technology，our mobiles are becoming smaller and smaller．
⑦When they heard it，they ________(immediate) came to my help．
⑧The great society is a place where every child can find knowledge to ________(rich) their mind．
三、转化法
转化法是由一种词类转化为另一种或几种词类的构词方法。这种构词法词形没有改变，转化后的单词在意义上通常与原单词有密切联系。
(一)名词用作动词
1．表示身体部位的名词
I'd like to live in a room whose window faces south．
我想居住在一个窗户朝南的房间里。
Many of his friends backed his plan．
他的很多朋友支持他的计划。
2．表示职业、身份的名词
She nursed her husband back to health．
她悉心照顾她的丈夫恢复健康。
Although I am no longer a child，Mother still mothers me．
尽管我不再是小孩了，但母亲对我依然悉心照料。
3．表示工具、装置的名词
She penned a few words of thanks．
她写了几句致谢的话。
These oranges were boxed and sent off quickly．
这些橘子被装箱后迅速寄出了。
4．物质名词
These trees need to be watered．
这些树需要浇水。
It was raining heavily when we arrived there．
当我们到达那里时正在下大雨。
5．抽象名词
Their words angered me greatly．
他们的话使我非常愤怒。
(二)其他几种转化
1．动词转化为名词
Let's go out for a walk．
我们出去散散步吧。
2．形容词转化为名词
The girl in red looks very beautiful．
那个穿红色衣服的女孩看上去很漂亮。
3．形容词转化为动词
She emptied the water out of the vase．
她把水从花瓶里倒了出来。
写出下列黑体词的含义
①He decided to shoulder the burden of his family．____________
②You should picture to yourself the brilliant future ahead of us．____________
③From her eyes，we can see that the little girl is hungering for education．____________
④Julia sat there，eyeing her mother making a toy for her．____________
四、缩略法
常见的缩略法
构成方式 例词
首字母 缩略法 IT—Information Technology 信息技术 WTO—World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织 UNESCO—United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织
截头法 airplane→plane；telephone→phone
去尾法 photograph→photo；laboratory→lab
写出下列词汇的缩略词及意思
①examination→________；________
②United Nations→________；________
③Very Important Person→______；______
④World Health Organization→__________________________________________；________________
⑤Do It Yourself→ ________；____________
1．(教材原句)When you open a dictionary，you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words．
come across 偶然发现；偶遇
come about 发生
come up 即将发生；被提及
come up with 提出；想出；赶上
come on 加油；赶快；开始运行
come out 出现；出版
come to 被想出；达到；共计
when it comes to sth．/to doing sth． 当谈及某事(或做某事)时
单句语法填空/用come的相关短语填空
①The shop manager came over and asked the customer how the quarrel had come ________．
②Now he is still busy writing his new book，but I have no idea when it will come ________．
③(应用文写作之建议信)______________ English learning，I have the following practical hints to share．Firstly，when you ____________ unfamiliar words，don't always refer to the dictionary．In addition，when teachers' questions ____________ in class，you should try to ________________ answers．Lastly，if you fail，you shouldn't lose confidence，instead saying to yourself，“____________！”
2．(教材原句)a friend that you contact by writing，traditionally using a pen
*contact v．& n．联系，联络
get in contact with＝make contact with 与……取得联系
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
lose contact with 与……失去联系
be in/out of contact with 与……有/没有联系
单句写作
①(应用文写作之告知信)如果你想更详细地了解这个志愿者项目，请通过12×××6543@163．com联系李华。
If you want to know more details about the voluntary program，please______________ at 12×××6543 @163．com．
②(读后续写之片段描写)我们彼此已经十年没有联系了。出乎意料的是，我们在一个月前联系上了。我们俩紧紧地拥抱在一起，流下了极度喜悦的泪水，承诺我们再也不会失去联系了。
We ________________ with each other for ten years．Unexpectedly，we ________________ one another a month ago．Both of us hugged each other tightly and shed tears of extreme joy，promising that we ________________________ each other once again．
3．(经典例句) Snow showers are likely tomorrow．
likely adj．可能的，可能发生的 adv．很可能(unlikely adj．不太可能的)
be likely to do sth． 很可能做某事
It is likely that... 很可能……
not likely 绝不可能；绝对不会
单句语法填空/单句写作
①They are more likely ________________(influence)by social beliefs．
②It is believed that the earth is ________(likely) to be the only planet where life has developed gradually．
③如果我们不采纳他的建议，我们很可能会输掉比赛。
If we don't take his advice，________________________．(it作形式主语)
词汇 1．addition n．增加物，添加物；增加，添加 2．unfamiliar adj．不熟悉的；不了解的
微练 1．________ addition，we should learn how to get along well with others． 2．She grew many wonderful plants that were unfamiliar ________ me． 3．The joke would not be understood by readers unfamiliar ________ Jewish tradition． 4．除学习外，我还参加了许多社会活动。 ________________，I got involved in lots of social activities．
Period 4
语法精讲
即时训练1
①女售货员 ②中年的 ③造纸的 ④新建的 ⑤兼职的
即时训练2
①warmth ②thankful ③illegal ④winner ⑤uncomfortable
⑥development ⑦immediately ⑧enrich
即时训练3
①担负，承担 ②设想，想象 ③渴望得到 ④注视
即时训练4
①exam；考试 ②UN；联合国 ③VIP；贵宾 ④WHO；世界卫生组织 ⑤DIY；自己动手做
核心词汇
1．①about ②out ③When it comes to；come across；come up；come up with；Come on
2．①contact Li Hua ②had been out of contact；got into contact with；would never lose contact with
3．①to be influenced ②unlikely ③it is likely that we will lose the game
要点拾遗
1．In 2．to 3．with 4．In addition to studies
1/1(共93张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
Unit 2
Exploring English
Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练(Using language)
主题语境 人与自我——语言学习的规律、方法等
构词法
美文诵读
Last ①weekend，I was traveling home from business．At the entrance to the subway，I met a man in a wheelchair who was seriously physically ②disabled，and I decided to offer him some help．I went to the nearby food ③stand and bought him a ④pineapple and two ⑤hamburgers．He explained he was once ⑥healthy but an accident left him disabled．While listening to his story I realized that he had ⑦experienced a lot in his life，so I offered him some money and told him，“Keep it up and ⑧happiness would fall on you．”
语法体悟
左栏斜体单词是在原有单词的基础上进行了一系列合成、派生和转化而组成的新单词，如①、④和⑤是由两个单词连在一起合成的一个新词；②、⑥和⑧是在词根之后加上后缀或在词根之前加上前缀派生成的新词；③和⑦是在不改变词形的前提下将一个词由一种词性转化为另外一种词性的新词。
英语构词法主要有四种：合成法、派生法、转化法和缩略法。
一、合成法
合成法就是将两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方法。有的直接写在一起，有的用连词符号“-”连接，还有的由分开的两个词构成。如guidebook， face-to-face， sleeping pill等。
1．合成名词的主要构成法
构成方式 例词
名词＋名词 weekend 周末；suitcase 手提箱
形容词＋名词 greenhouse 温室；gentleman 绅士
动词＋名词 playground 操场；postcard 明信片
动词-ing＋名词 wedding dress婚纱
名词＋动词 sunshine 阳光；daybreak 黎明，破晓
构成方式 例词
名词＋动词-ing handwriting 书法；sightseeing 观光
副词＋动词 outbreak 爆发；downfall 垮台
其他 passer-by 路人；looker-on 旁观者；well-being 健康；grown-up 成年人；brother-in-law 姐/妹夫
2．合成形容词的主要构成法
构成方式 例词
形容词＋名词-ed warm-hearted友好的；good-tempered 脾气好的
数词＋名词-ed four-legged 四条腿的；five-storied 五层楼的
形容词＋动词-ing good-looking 漂亮的；easy-going 随和的
副词＋动词-ing hard-working 勤劳的；far-reaching 影响深远的
构成方式 例词
名词＋动词-ing peace-loving 爱好和平的；English-speaking 讲英语的
名词＋过去分词 sunburnt 晒伤的；snow-covered 被雪覆盖的
副词＋过去分词 well known 著名的；widespread 广泛的
形容词＋名词 high-class 高级的；full-time 全职的
数词＋名词 million-pound 百万英镑的；first-class 头等的
构成方式 例词
名词＋形容词 worldwide 世界各地的；snow-white 雪白的
数词＋名词＋形容词 eight-year-old 八岁的；five-meter-long 五米长的
3．合成动词的主要构成法
构成方式 例词
名词＋动词 sleepwalk 梦游；sunbathe 沐日光浴
副词＋动词 download 下载；undergo 经历
形容词＋动词 whitewash 粉刷；broadcast 广播
此外还有合成副词(everywhere 到处；however 不管怎样；forever 永远)；合成介词(within 在……之内；outside 在……外面)；合成代词(herself 她自己；anything 任何东西)等。
即时训练1 写出下列黑体词的含义
①After work， the saleswoman didn't head straight home． ________
②The middle-aged woman is going to visit her mother this afternoon． ______
③They decided to have another paper-making factory set up in this town． ______
④There are more newly-built houses in this village than in that one． ______
⑤It's a good idea to start a part-time job to make extra money． ______
女售货员
中年的
造纸的
新建的
兼职的
二、派生法
派生法是指给单词加上前缀或后缀构成新的单词的方法。
(一)常见前缀
1．表示否定意义的前缀
前缀 例词
un- uncomfortable 不舒服的；unnecessary 没有必要的
dis- discourage使泄气；dishonest不诚实的
in- informal 非正式的；incorrect 不正确的
前缀 例词
im- impossible 不可能的；impatient 不耐烦的
il- illegal 不合法的；illogical 不合逻辑的
ir- irregular 不规则的；irresponsible 不负责任的
mis- mislead误导；misunderstand误会
non- non-stop 直达的；non-profit 非营利的
2．表示其他意义的前缀
前缀 含义 例词
en- 使 enrich 使丰富；enlarge 使扩大
re- 再，又 retell 复述；rebuild 重建
inter- 互相 interact 相互作用；international 国际的
co- 共同 co-worker 同事；cooperate 合作
anti- 反对；防止 anti-war 反战的；anti-gas 防毒气的
mid- 在中间 midnight 午夜；mid-autumn 中秋
over- 过于 overload 使超载；overweight 超重的
(二)常见后缀
1．常见名词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
-er 人 leader 领袖；founder 创建者
-or 人 educator 教育者；inventor 发明者
-ian/ant 人 musician音乐家；applicant申请人
-ist 人 scientist 科学家；artist艺术家
-ness 性质、状态 kindness善良；darkness黑暗
后缀 含义 例词
-ment 状态、结果 development 发展；achievement 成就
-tion/sion 情况、状态 introduction 介绍；discussion 讨论
-th 性质、状态 growth成长；warmth温暖
-y 性质、状态 honesty 诚实；difficulty 困难
2．常见形容词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
-ful 充满……的 hopeful 满怀希望的；successful 成功的
-less 没有……的 homeless 无家可归的；endless 无休止的
-al 有……性质的 professional 专业的；natural 自然的
-en 有……性质的 wooden木头的；woolen羊毛的
-able/ible 可……的 changeable可能变化的；accessible 可到达的
后缀 含义 例词
-ive 有……作用的 attractive 吸引人的；impressive 令人赞叹的
-ous 充满……的 dangerous 危险的；humorous 幽默的
-ed ……的 experienced 有经验的；limited 有限的
-ly 每……的 weekly 每周的；monthly 每月的
3．常见动词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
-en 使，变得 strengthen 加强；deepen(使)变深
-fy 使……化 beautify美化；simplify使简化
-ize 使…… realize 意识到；memorize 记住
4．常见副词后缀
后缀 含义 例词
-ly 以……方式 slowly 缓慢地；totally 完全地
-ward(s) 朝……方向 backward(s) 向后；eastward(s) 向东
即时训练2 单句语法填空
①All of a sudden， my heart was filled with _______ (warm)．
②I'm so ________ (thank) that we had candles on hand that dark night．
③She promised to crack down on _______ (legal) immigration．
④It was such a shock when they announced the ______ (win) was Jim．
⑤It's natural that young people are often _____________ (comfortable) when they are with their parents．
warmth
thankful
illegal
winner
uncomfortable
⑥With the ___________ (develop) of technology， our mobiles are becoming smaller and smaller．
⑦When they heard it， they ___________ (immediate) came to my help．
⑧The great society is a place where every child can find knowledge to ______ (rich) their mind．
development
immediately
enrich
三、转化法
转化法是由一种词类转化为另一种或几种词类的构词方法。这种构词法词形没有改变，转化后的单词在意义上通常与原单词有密切联系。
(一)名词用作动词
1．表示身体部位的名词
I'd like to live in a room whose window faces south．
我想居住在一个窗户朝南的房间里。
Many of his friends backed his plan．
他的很多朋友支持他的计划。
2．表示职业、身份的名词
She nursed her husband back to health．
她悉心照顾她的丈夫恢复健康。
Although I am no longer a child， Mother still mothers me．
尽管我不再是小孩了，但母亲对我依然悉心照料。
3．表示工具、装置的名词
She penned a few words of thanks．
她写了几句致谢的话。
These oranges were boxed and sent off quickly．
这些橘子被装箱后迅速寄出了。
4．物质名词
These trees need to be watered．
这些树需要浇水。
It was raining heavily when we arrived there．
当我们到达那里时正在下大雨。
5．抽象名词
Their words angered me greatly．
他们的话使我非常愤怒。
(二)其他几种转化
1．动词转化为名词
Let's go out for a walk．
我们出去散散步吧。
2．形容词转化为名词
The girl in red looks very beautiful．
那个穿红色衣服的女孩看上去很漂亮。
3．形容词转化为动词
She emptied the water out of the vase．
她把水从花瓶里倒了出来。
即时训练3 写出下列黑体词的含义
①He decided to shoulder the burden of his family． __________
②You should picture to yourself the brilliant future ahead of us． __________
③From her eyes， we can see that the little girl is hungering for education． ________
④Julia sat there， eyeing her mother making a toy for her． ____
担负，承担
设想，想象
渴望得到
注视
四、缩略法
常见的缩略法
构成方式 例词
首字母 缩略法 IT—Information Technology 信息技术
WTO—World Trade Organization 世界贸易组织
UNESCO—United Nations Educational， Scientific and Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织
截头法 airplane→plane；telephone→phone
去尾法 photograph→photo；laboratory→lab
即时训练4 写出下列词汇的缩略词及意思
①examination→_____；____
②United Nations→____；______
③Very Important Person→_____；____
④World Health Organization→_____；____________
⑤Do It Yourself→ ____；__________
exam
考试
UN
联合国
VIP
贵宾
WHO
世界卫生组织
DIY
自己动手做
1．(教材原句)When you open a dictionary，you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words．
come across 偶然发现；偶遇
come about 发生
come up 即将发生；被提及
come up with 提出；想出；赶上
come on 加油；赶快；开始运行
come out 出现；出版
come to 被想出；达到；共计
when it comes to sth．/to doing sth．
当谈及某事(或做某事)时
即学即练 单句语法填空/用come的相关短语填空
①The shop manager came over and asked the customer how the quarrel had come _____．
②Now he is still busy writing his new book，but I have no idea when it will come ___．
about
out
③ (应用文写作之建议信)________________ English learning，I have the following practical hints to share．Firstly，when you ____________ unfamiliar words，don't always refer to the dictionary．In addition，when teachers' questions ________ in class，you should try to ______________ answers．Lastly，if you fail，you shouldn't lose confidence，instead saying to yourself，“________！”
When it comes to
come across
come up
come up with
Come on
2．(教材原句)a friend that you contact by writing，traditionally using a pen
*contact v．& n．联系，联络
get in contact with＝make contact with
与……取得联系
keep in contact with 与……保持联系
lose contact with 与……失去联系
be in/out of contact with 与……有/没有联系
即学即练 单句写作
① (应用文写作之告知信)如果你想更详细地了解这个志愿者项目，请通过12×××6543@163．com联系李华。
If you want to know more details about the voluntary program，please ________________ at 12×××6543 @163．com．
contact Li Hua
② (读后续写之片段描写)我们彼此已经十年没有联系了。出乎意料的是，我们在一个月前联系上了。我们俩紧紧地拥抱在一起，流下了极度喜悦的泪水，承诺我们再也不会失去联系了。
We ___________________________ with each other for ten years．Unexpectedly，we ________________________ one another a month ago．Both of us hugged each other tightly and shed tears of extreme joy，promising that we ____________________________ each other once again．
had been out of contact
got into contact with
would never lose contact with
3．(经典例句) Snow showers are likely tomorrow．
likely adj．可能的，可能发生的 adv．很可能(unlikely adj．不太可能的)
be likely to do sth． 很可能做某事
It is likely that... 很可能……
not likely 绝不可能；绝对不会
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①They are more likely _______________ (influence)by social beliefs．
②It is believed that the earth is ________ (likely) to be the only planet where life has developed gradually．
③如果我们不采纳他的建议，我们很可能会输掉比赛。
If we don't take his advice，_________________________________．
(it作形式主语)
to be influenced
unlikely
it is likely that we will lose the game
词汇 1．addition n．增加物，添加物；增加，添加
2．unfamiliar adj．不熟悉的；不了解的
微练 1．__ addition，we should learn how to get along well with others．
2．She grew many wonderful plants that were unfamiliar __ me．
3．The joke would not be understood by readers unfamiliar ____ Jewish tradition．
4．除学习外，我还参加了许多社会活动。
_________________________，I got involved in lots of social activities．
In
to
with
In addition to studies
课时提升作业(五) (Unit 2 Using language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：87分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．He was given a new rent-free _______________ (公寓套房)．
2．We can guess the meaning of a new word from the _______ (语境)．
3．You must enlarge your __________ (词汇量) if you want to learn English well．
apartment/flat
context
vocabulary
4．Like any other ____ (类型) of equipment it requires regular servicing．
5．She always felt uneasy in the __________ (不熟悉的) surroundings．
6．There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to _______ (联系) you failed．
7．Many animal welfare _____________ (机构) provide care and adoption services for homeless animals．
type
unfamiliar
contact
organizations
8．Pasta's basic ingredients are flour and water，sometimes with the ________ (增加物) of eggs or oil．
9．Not only are many high buildings and broad ________ (公路) built，but education has been given more attention and support．
10．For one thing，bicycles don't need any ___________ (汽油) and they are energy-saving．For another，bicycles are environmentally friendly．
addition
highways
petrol/gas
Ⅱ．利用构词法补全短文(共6小题；每小题1.5分，满分9分)
Li Hua，my 1．_________ (同班同学)，is 2．_____________ (勤奋的)．To improve his listening skills，every day he gets up at six and listens to 3．____________ (《中国日报》)．What's more，he is also 4．_____________(热心的) and willing to help others．On his way to school yesterday，he came across a 5．________(home) person and 6．______ (递给) 100 yuan to him．He set an example to us students．
classmate
hard-working
China Daily
warm-hearted
homeless
handed
Ⅲ．阅读短文，写出画线词使用的构词法(共7小题；每小题1.5分，满分10.5分)
Last 1．weekend，I was traveling home from business．It was too late，so I decided to go to a hotel near the bus stop．At the entrance to the hotel，I met a man who was 2．disabled，and I made up my mind to offer him some help．He spoke to me and explained his past life when he was 3．healthy．He had worked in a car factory for five years．Then an accident left him disabled．While listening to his story，I realized that he had 4．experienced a lot in his life．I told him that although he
was 5．physically disabled，his heart was strong，and he could always depend on it．I offered him some money to buy food and 6．drinks and then he went home．I have learnt that if you say a few good words and offer a little help to others，it will not only bring 7．happiness to you，but it will also be in other people's hearts forever．
[答案]
1．合成法 2．派生法 3．派生法 4．转化法
5．派生法 6．转化法 7．派生法
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Polyglots(通晓数种语言的人) are all around us．However，becoming a polyglot doesn't just happen．It takes time，but it doesn't take forever if you know the ways of the trade．Here are some tips from top multi-linguists on how to learn dialects more quickly．
Tim Ferris says that the first thing you must do when learning a new language is to “deconstruct” it to see how similar it is to your native tongue．Grammatically speaking，the closer the language is to yours，the faster you will pick it up．For example，English speakers will find Chinese more difficult than，say，Spanish，German and French because the English language borrows a lot of words from its Greek and Latin roots．
Being abroad in a foreign country and being immersed(沉浸) in a language are not the same thing．I know a lot of people who have lived overseas for years and hardly picked up the language．Even if you're living in a foreign country，there isn't anything that will make you learn languages more quickly than if you were living at home; make sure you must use the language every single day．
Alexander Arguelles promotes the “scriptorium technique”．He says that you should “read a sentence aloud; say each word aloud again as you write it; and then read the sentence aloud as you have written it”．The whole purpose of this exercise is to force you to slow down and pay attention to detail．This is the stage at which you should check all unknowns in the dictionary．
While it's fair to say that prolonged exposure(接触) to words and sounds effectively “burns” them into your brain，there comes a point in every young language learner's life when you will simply forget a word you've heard a hundred times before．Ferris suggests a way to reduce experiences like this is to expand(扩大) your vocabulary using mnemonics(记忆术)．He says if you create a mnemonic for a target word，it will help glue the word to your memory more effectively．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习语言的一些建议。
1．Why do English speakers find Chinese more difficult to learn
A．Because there are few similarities between English and Chinese．
B．Because English has nothing in common with Chinese．
C．Because Chinese borrows a lot of words from Greek and Latin．
D．Because there are no keywords in the language of Chinese．
√
A [细节理解题。根据第二段中“Grammatically speaking，the closer the language is to yours，the faster you will pick it up．For example，English speakers will find Chinese more difficult than，say，Spanish，German and French because the English language borrows a lot of words from its Greek and Latin roots．”可知，说英语的人发现汉语更难学，因为英语和汉语之间几乎没有相似之处。故选A。]
2．In the author's opinion，if you want to learn a foreign language well，what should you do
A．Live in your native country．
B．Be abroad in a foreign country．
C．Use it to communicate with others．
D．Find a native speaker to teach you．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第三段中“Being abroad in a foreign country and being immersed in a language are not the same thing．”以及“make sure you must use the language every single day”可知，如果你想学好一门外语，就要用它来和别人交流。故选C。]
3．What does Alexander Arguelles' technique focus on
A．Listing keywords．
B．Fast reading and writing．
C．Writing while speaking．
D．Reading and guessing unknown words．
√
C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He says that you should ‘read a sentence aloud; say each word aloud again as you write it; and then read the sentence aloud as you have written it’．”可知，Alexander Arguelles的技巧是边说边写。故选C。]
4．What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph mean
A．Expanding your vocabulary．
B．Forgetting a very familiar word．
C．Listening to a word a hundred times．
D．Exposure to words and sounds frequently．
√
B [代词指代题。根据上句“在每个年轻的语言学习者的生活中，总有那么一刻，你会忘记一个你听过上百次的单词”以及画线处前的“Ferris提出了一种减少这种体验的方法”可知，this指代上文中的“忘记一个非常熟悉的单词”这种情况。故选B。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Fun Ways to Learn English Faster
Read，read，read
One of the easiest things you can do to learn English faster is to read as much as you can． 1 ．This will make your vocabulary better and it will also help you learn grammar and slang(俚语)．
Watch movies
Watching movies will also help you improve your English，by helping you to hear what it sounds like and also helping you to learn new words． 2 ．Once you have a basic vocabulary，try to keep the subtitles(字幕) off and focus on listening for the words you do know and guessing the words you don't know from what is happening on the screen．
Sing songs
Learning and singing songs is another good way to make your English better． 3 ．It will also help increase your vocabulary．Find a song you like，learn it，and learn what the lyrics(歌词) mean．
4 1
You can also just make friends with English language speakers online and chat，email，and Skype together in order to practise your English．They are willing to do this． 5 ．
A．Make a friend
B．Join a fan community
C．Read things all the time
D．You can talk about whatever you want
E．You can start watching with subtitles on
F．This will help you improve your pronunciation
G．Newspapers are a good way to learn the basics of a language．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了几种较快学习
1．C [此处讲阅读有助于快速学英语。C项“一直阅读东西”符合语境，承接上文说明要不断阅读。下文的“this”指代空处说的“一直阅读”，说明“一直阅读会让你的词汇量更丰富，也会帮助你学习语法和俚语”。故选C项。]
2．E [此处主要建议在不看字幕的情况下看电影学英语。E项“你可以打开字幕开始观看”符合语境，说明打开字幕观看了解一些基本词汇，然后再关掉字幕。故选E项。]
3．F [此处说明唱歌可以增加你的词汇量，结合前文“学习和唱歌是提高英语水平的另一个好方法”可知，此处讲述通过唱歌快乐学英语带来的两个好处，F项“这将帮助你改善发音”符合语境，说明唱歌学英语的一个好处。故选F项。]
4．A [空处为段落小标题。根据下文“你也可以在网上和说英语的人交朋友、一起聊天、发邮件和一起用Skype通话来练习你的英语。他们愿意这么做”可知，这里主要讲通过交友来提高英语。A项“交个朋友”符合语境。故选A项。]
5．D [根据上文“你也可以在网上和说英语的人交朋友、一起聊天、发邮件和一起用Skype通话来练习你的英语。他们愿意这么做”可知，此处讲述如何通过交朋友快乐学英语，可以一起聊天，发邮件等来练习英语，因此推断D项“你想谈什么都可以”符合语境。故选D。]
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently． 1 ，as a native English speaker，learning to speak in tones was the 2 part about learning Chinese for me．To 3 the tones，I lived in Shanghai for 6 months．Once I wanted to buy a 4 for my mother．Unluckily，the words for “horse” and “mother” are only differentiated by a 5 1 tone．When I told the store clerk I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”，she looked at me like I had lost my 6 ．In the end，she
7 what I was trying to say，but it was a bit of a struggle．After that，I learned the 8 between the two tones．
After returning to England，I bought a web camera and found myself a language 9 by going to ichinese．com，where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese．Together，we 10 speaking Chinese for a few hours per week． 11 ，I not only mastered my tones but learned to speak more 12 ，just like a native speaker．
In my 13 ，when studying Chinese in an English-speaking environment，my classmates and I often made a 14 of the tones when speaking to one another．In fact，in a Chinese-speaking environment，the 15 interaction is of great importance for fluency，and it separates the amateurs(业余爱好者) from the experts．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习中文的经历，作者认为学习中文最难的部分是区分音调，为此还发生了一个小误会。
1．A．Hopefully B．Actually
C．Surprisingly D．Similarly
√
B [根据上文“I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently．”以及后文“about learning Chinese for me”可知，作者虽然如今汉语说得很流利，但是实际上也遇到过困难。故选B。]
2．A．main B．best
C．basic D．hardest
√
D [根据后文“part about learning Chinese for me”以及作者去商店买礼物因为音调不同导致了误解可知，作者学习汉语最难的部分是学会说话的声调。故选D。]
3．A．learn B．match
C．lower D．record
√
A [根据后文“the tones，I lived in Shanghai for 6 months”可知，作者去上海是为了学习声调。故选A。]
4．A．horse B．camera
C．gift D．dictionary
√
C [根据后文“I wanted to buy a gift for my ‘horse’”可知，作者想要给母亲买礼物。故选C。]
5．A．soft B．formal
C．single D．pleasant
√
C [根据前文“‘horse’ and ‘mother’”以及常识可知，这两个词只有一个音调的区别。故选C。]
6．A．mind B．balance
C．interest D．confidence
√
A [根据前文“I wanted to buy a gift for my ‘horse’”可知，店员听到作者要给“马”买礼物，以为作者疯了，此处为短语lose one's mind表示“失去理智”。故选A。]
7．A．agreed with B．worked out
C．focused on D．brought up
√
B [根据后文“what I was trying to say，but it was a bit of a struggle”可知，店员最后理解了作者的话，故选B。]
8．A．clue B．difference
C．issue D．importance
√
B [根据前文“‘horse’ and ‘mother’ are only differentiated by a”可知，经过这件事，作者学会了这两种音调的区别。故选B。]
9．A．test B．learner
C．magazine D．partner
√
D [根据后文“where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese”可知，作者在网上找到了一个语言伙伴，故选D。]
10．A．suggested B．considered
C．practiced D．avoided
√
C [根据前文“where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese”可知，找语言伙伴的目的就是练习中文，他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文。故选C。]
11．A．As a rule B．At times
C．As a result D．At first
√
C [前文提到他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文，结果就是作者的中文说得流利起来。故选C。]
12．A．fluently B．openly
C．meaningfully D．slowly
√
A [根据后文“just like a native speaker”可知，作者的中文说得流利了，像一个母语人士一样。故选A。]
13．A．heart B．dream
C．power D．experience
√
D [后文提到“当我在一个说英语的环境中学习中文时，我和我的同学在彼此说话时经常弄混音调”，这是作者学习中文以后得出的经验之谈。故选D。]
14．A．list B．mess
C．habit D．collection
√
B [根据前文“in an English-speaking environment”可知，在一个说英语的环境中学习中文，因为大家的母语都是英语，所以作者和同学在彼此说话时经常弄混音调。故选B。]
15．A．back to back B．hand to hand
C．air to air D．face to face
√
D [根据上文“in a Chinese-speaking environment”可知，在说中文的环境中，都是说中文的人，因此是面对面的交流。故选D。]
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Somepeopleseemtohavetalents 1．_____ learning languages．They can pick up new vocabulary，master rules of grammar，and learn to write in the new language 2．____________ (quick) than others．They do not seem to be more intelligent than others，so 3．_____ makes languages so much easier for them to learn
for
more quickly
what
Firstly，they are independent learners．Instead of 4．__________ (wait) for the teacher to explain，they try to find the patterns and the rules for 5．_____________ (them)．They try to learn from their mistakes．
waiting
themselves
Secondly，they are 6．________ (act) learners．They do not wait for a chance to use the language．Instead，they look for such a chance．They will try anything to communicate．They are willing to make mistakes and try again．When 7．__________________ (communicate) is difficult，they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete．It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than 8．________________ (know) the meaning of every word．
active
communication
to know
Finally，they are learners with a purpose．They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people 9．________________ speak it．It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them．They find it easy to practice 10．________________ (use) the language regularly because they want to learn it．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成功的语言学习者的一些学习方法。
who/that
using
1．for [考查介词。固定短语have talents for表示“有……天赋”。故填for。]
2．more quickly [考查词性转换。此处修饰动词learn，应用副词quickly，作状语，由“than others”可知，应用比较级。故填more quickly。]
3．what [考查疑问词。句意：他们似乎并不比其他人更聪明，那么是什么让语言对他们来说更容易学习呢？此处为特殊疑问句，且表示“什么”，应用疑问词what。故填what。]
4．waiting [考查非谓语动词。此处作介词的宾语，应用动词-ing形式。故填waiting。]
5．themselves [考查反身代词。句意：他们不是等着老师来解释，而是自己去寻找模式和规则。此处指“他们自己”，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。]
6．active [考查词性转换。句意：第二，他们是积极的学习者。此处修饰名词learners，应用形容词active “积极的”，作定语。故填active。]
7．communication [考查词性转换。此处作主语，应用名词communication“交流”，为不可数名词。故填communication。]
8．to know [考查非谓语动词。此处与to learn to think in the language是并列成分，应用不定式短语，作介词than的宾语。故填to know。]
9．who/that [考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是people，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。]
10．using [考查非谓语动词。固定搭配practice doing sth．“练习做某事”，动词-ing形式作宾语。故填using。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(五) (Unit 2 Using language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：87分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
1．He was given a new rent free (公寓套房)．
2．We can guess the meaning of a new word from the (语境)．
3．You must enlarge your (词汇量) if you want to learn English well．
4．Like any other (类型) of equipment it requires regular servicing．
5．She always felt uneasy in the (不熟悉的) surroundings．
6．There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts to (联系) you failed．
7．Many animal welfare (机构) provide care and adoption services for homeless animals．
8．Pasta's basic ingredients are flour and water，sometimes with the (增加物) of eggs or oil．
9．Not only are many high buildings and broad (公路) built，but education has been given more attention and support．
10．For one thing，bicycles don't need any (汽油) and they are energy saving．For another，bicycles are environmentally friendly．
Ⅱ．利用构词法补全短文(共6小题；每小题1．5分，满分9分)
Li Hua，my 1． (同班同学)，is 2． (勤奋的)．To improve his listening skills，every day he gets up at six and listens to 3． (《中国日报》)．What's more，he is also 4． (热心的) and willing to help others．On his way to school yesterday，he came across a 5． (home) person and 6． (递给) 100 yuan to him．He set an example to us students．
Ⅲ．阅读短文，写出画线词使用的构词法(共7小题；每小题1．5分，满分10．5分)
Last 1．weekend，I was traveling home from business．It was too late，so I decided to go to a hotel near the bus stop．At the entrance to the hotel，I met a man who was 2．disabled，and I made up my mind to offer him some help．He spoke to me and explained his past life when he was 3．healthy．He had worked in a car factory for five years．Then an accident left him disabled．While listening to his story，I realized that he had 4．experienced a lot in his life．I told him that although he was 5．physically disabled，his heart was strong，and he could always depend on it．I offered him some money to buy food and 6．drinks and then he went home．I have learnt that if you say a few good words and offer a little help to others，it will not only bring 7．happiness to you，but it will also be in other people's hearts forever．
1． 2． 3． 4．
5． 6． 7．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2．5分，满分10分)
Polyglots(通晓数种语言的人) are all around us．However，becoming a polyglot doesn't just happen．It takes time，but it doesn't take forever if you know the ways of the trade．Here are some tips from top multi linguists on how to learn dialects more quickly．
Tim Ferris says that the first thing you must do when learning a new language is to “deconstruct” it to see how similar it is to your native tongue．Grammatically speaking，the closer the language is to yours，the faster you will pick it up．For example，English speakers will find Chinese more difficult than，say，Spanish，German and French because the English language borrows a lot of words from its Greek and Latin roots．
Being abroad in a foreign country and being immersed(沉浸) in a language are not the same thing．I know a lot of people who have lived overseas for years and hardly picked up the language．Even if you're living in a foreign country，there isn't anything that will make you learn languages more quickly than if you were living at home; make sure you must use the language every single day．
Alexander Arguelles promotes the “scriptorium technique”．He says that you should “read a sentence aloud; say each word aloud again as you write it; and then read the sentence aloud as you have written it”．The whole purpose of this exercise is to force you to slow down and pay attention to detail．This is the stage at which you should check all unknowns in the dictionary．
While it's fair to say that prolonged exposure(接触) to words and sounds effectively “burns” them into your brain，there comes a point in every young language learner's life when you will simply forget a word you've heard a hundred times before．Ferris suggests a way to reduce experiences like this is to expand(扩大) your vocabulary using mnemonics(记忆术)．He says if you create a mnemonic for a target word，it will help glue the word to your memory more effectively．
1．Why do English speakers find Chinese more difficult to learn
A．Because there are few similarities between English and Chinese．
B．Because English has nothing in common with Chinese．
C．Because Chinese borrows a lot of words from Greek and Latin．
D．Because there are no keywords in the language of Chinese．
2．In the author's opinion，if you want to learn a foreign language well，what should you do
A．Live in your native country．
B．Be abroad in a foreign country．
C．Use it to communicate with others．
D．Find a native speaker to teach you．
3．What does Alexander Arguelles' technique focus on
A．Listing keywords．
B．Fast reading and writing．
C．Writing while speaking．
D．Reading and guessing unknown words．
4．What does the underlined word “this” in the last paragraph mean
A．Expanding your vocabulary．
B．Forgetting a very familiar word．
C．Listening to a word a hundred times．
D．Exposure to words and sounds frequently．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
Fun Ways to Learn English Faster
Read，read，read
One of the easiest things you can do to learn English faster is to read as much as you can． 1 ．This will make your vocabulary better and it will also help you learn grammar and slang(俚语)．
Watch movies
Watching movies will also help you improve your English，by helping you to hear what it sounds like and also helping you to learn new words． 2 ．Once you have a basic vocabulary，try to keep the subtitles(字幕) off and focus on listening for the words you do know and guessing the words you don't know from what is happening on the screen．
Sing songs
Learning and singing songs is another good way to make your English better． 3 ．It will also help increase your vocabulary．Find a song you like，learn it，and learn what the lyrics(歌词) mean．
4
You can also just make friends with English language speakers online and chat，email，and Skype together in order to practise your English．They are willing to do this． 5 ．
A．Make a friend
B．Join a fan community
C．Read things all the time
D．You can talk about whatever you want
E．You can start watching with subtitles on
F．This will help you improve your pronunciation
G．Newspapers are a good way to learn the basics of a language．
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently． 1 ，as a native English speaker，learning to speak in tones was the 2 part about learning Chinese for me．To 3 the tones，I lived in Shanghai for 6 months．Once I wanted to buy a 4 for my mother．Unluckily，the words for “horse” and “mother” are only differentiated by a 5 tone．When I told the store clerk I wanted to buy a gift for my “horse”，she looked at me like I had lost my 6 ．In the end，she 7 what I was trying to say，but it was a bit of a struggle．After that，I learned the 8 between the two tones．
After returning to England，I bought a web camera and found myself a language 9 by going to ichinese．com，where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese．Together，we 10 speaking Chinese for a few hours per week． 11 ，I not only mastered my tones but learned to speak more 12 ，just like a native speaker．
In my 13 ，when studying Chinese in an English speaking environment，my classmates and I often made a 14 of the tones when speaking to one another．In fact，in a Chinese speaking environment，the 15 interaction is of great importance for fluency，and it separates the amateurs(业余爱好者) from the experts．
1．A．Hopefully B．Actually
C．Surprisingly D．Similarly
2．A．main B．best
C．basic D．hardest
3．A．learn B．match
C．lower D．record
4．A．horse B．camera
C．gift D．dictionary
5．A．soft B．formal
C．single D．pleasant
6．A．mind B．balance
C．interest D．confidence
7．A．agreed with B．worked out
C．focused on D．brought up
8．A．clue B．difference
C．issue D．importance
9．A．test B．learner
C．magazine D．partner
10．A．suggested B．considered
C．practiced D．avoided
11．A．As a rule B．At times
C．As a result D．At first
12．A．fluently B．openly
C．meaningfully D．slowly
13．A．heart B．dream
C．power D．experience
14．A．list B．mess
C．habit D．collection
15．A．back to back B．hand to hand
C．air to air D．face to face
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
Some people seem to have talents 1． learning languages．They can pick up new vocabulary，master rules of grammar，and learn to write in the new language 2． (quick) than others．They do not seem to be more intelligent than others，so 3． makes languages so much easier for them to learn
Firstly，they are independent learners．Instead of 4． (wait) for the teacher to explain，they try to find the patterns and the rules for 5． (them)．They try to learn from their mistakes．
Secondly，they are 6． (act) learners．They do not wait for a chance to use the language．Instead，they look for such a chance．They will try anything to communicate．They are willing to make mistakes and try again．When 7． (communicate) is difficult，they can accept information that is inexact or incomplete．It is more important for them to learn to think in the language than 8． (know) the meaning of every word．
Finally，they are learners with a purpose．They want to learn the language because they are interested in the language and the people 9． speak it．It is necessary for them to learn the language in order to communicate with these people and to learn from them．They find it easy to practice 10． (use) the language regularly because they want to learn it．
课时提升作业(五)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．apartment/flat 2．context 3．vocabulary 4．type 5．unfamiliar 6．contact 7．organizations 8．addition 9．highways 10．petrol/gas
Ⅱ．1．classmate 2．hardworking 3．China Daily 4．warmhearted 5．homeless 6．handed
Ⅲ．1．合成法 2．派生法 3．派生法 4．转化法 5．派生法 6．转化法 7．派生法
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4
A C C B
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
C E F A D
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
B D A C C A B B
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
D C C A D B D
Ⅳ．1．for 2．quickly 3．what 4．waiting 5．themselves 6．active 7．communication 8．to know 9．who/that 10．using
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习语言的一些建议。
1．A [细节理解题。根据第二段中“Grammatically speaking，the closer the language is to yours，the faster you will pick it up．For example，English speakers will find Chinese more difficult than，say，Spanish，German and French because the English language borrows a lot of words from its Greek and Latin roots．”可知，说英语的人发现汉语更难学，因为英语和汉语之间几乎没有相似之处。故选A。]
2．C [推理判断题。根据第三段中“Being abroad in a foreign country and being immersed in a language are not the same thing．”以及“make sure you must use the language every single day”可知，如果你想学好一门外语，就要用它来和别人交流。故选C。]
3．C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“He says that you should ‘read a sentence aloud; say each word aloud again as you write it; and then read the sentence aloud as you have written it’．”可知，Alexander Arguelles的技巧是边说边写。故选C。]
4．B [代词指代题。根据上句“在每个年轻的语言学习者的生活中，总有那么一刻，你会忘记一个你听过上百次的单词”以及画线处前的“Ferris提出了一种减少这种体验的方法”可知，this指代上文中的“忘记一个非常熟悉的单词”这种情况。故选B。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了几种较快学习英语的方法。
1．C [此处讲阅读有助于快速学英语。C项“一直阅读东西”符合语境，承接上文说明要不断阅读。下文的“this”指代空处说的“一直阅读”，说明“一直阅读会让你的词汇量更丰富，也会帮助你学习语法和俚语”。故选C项。]
2．E [此处主要建议在不看字幕的情况下看电影学英语。E项“你可以打开字幕开始观看”符合语境，说明打开字幕观看了解一些基本词汇，然后再关掉字幕。故选E项。]
3．F [此处说明唱歌可以增加你的词汇量，结合前文“学习和唱歌是提高英语水平的另一个好方法”可知，此处讲述通过唱歌快乐学英语带来的两个好处，F项“这将帮助你改善发音”符合语境，说明唱歌学英语的一个好处。故选F项。]
4．A [空处为段落小标题。根据下文“你也可以在网上和说英语的人交朋友、一起聊天、发邮件和一起用Skype通话来练习你的英语。他们愿意这么做”可知，这里主要讲通过交友来提高英语。A项“交个朋友”符合语境。故选A项。]
5．D [根据上文“你也可以在网上和说英语的人交朋友、一起聊天、发邮件和一起用Skype通话来练习你的英语。他们愿意这么做”可知，此处讲述如何通过交朋友快乐学英语，可以一起聊天，发邮件等来练习英语，因此推断D项“你想谈什么都可以”符合语境。故选D。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者学习中文的经历，作者认为学习中文最难的部分是区分音调，为此还发生了一个小误会。
1．B [根据上文“I am often asked how I learned to speak Chinese fluently．”以及后文“about learning Chinese for me”可知，作者虽然如今汉语说得很流利，但是实际上也遇到过困难。故选B。]
2．D [根据后文“part about learning Chinese for me”以及作者去商店买礼物因为音调不同导致了误解可知，作者学习汉语最难的部分是学会说话的声调。故选D。]
3．A [根据后文“the tones，I lived in Shanghai for 6 months”可知，作者去上海是为了学习声调。故选A。]
4．C [根据后文“I wanted to buy a gift for my ‘horse’”可知，作者想要给母亲买礼物。故选C。]
5．C [根据前文“‘horse’ and ‘mother’”以及常识可知，这两个词只有一个音调的区别。故选C。]
6．A [根据前文“I wanted to buy a gift for my ‘horse’”可知，店员听到作者要给“马”买礼物，以为作者疯了，此处为短语lose one's mind表示“失去理智”。故选A。]
7．B [根据后文“what I was trying to say，but it was a bit of a struggle”可知，店员最后理解了作者的话，故选B。]
8．B [根据前文“‘horse’ and ‘mother’ are only differentiated by a”可知，经过这件事，作者学会了这两种音调的区别。故选B。]
9．D [根据后文“where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese”可知，作者在网上找到了一个语言伙伴，故选D。]
10．C [根据前文“where I met a native speaker willing to help me learn Chinese”可知，找语言伙伴的目的就是练习中文，他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文。故选C。]
11．C [前文提到他们每周一起练习说几个小时的中文，结果就是作者的中文说得流利起来。故选C。]
12．A [根据后文“just like a native speaker”可知，作者的中文说得流利了，像一个母语人士一样。故选A。]
13．D [后文提到“当我在一个说英语的环境中学习中文时，我和我的同学在彼此说话时经常弄混音调”，这是作者学习中文以后得出的经验之谈。故选D。]
14．B [根据前文“in an Englishspeaking environment”可知，在一个说英语的环境中学习中文，因为大家的母语都是英语，所以作者和同学在彼此说话时经常弄混音调。故选B。]
15．D [根据上文“in a Chinesespeaking environment”可知，在说中文的环境中，都是说中文的人，因此是面对面的交流。故选D。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成功的语言学习者的一些学习方法。
1．for [考查介词。固定短语have talents for表示“有……天赋”。故填for。]
2．more quickly [考查词性转换。此处修饰动词learn，应用副词quickly，作状语，由“than others”可知，应用比较级。故填more quickly。]
3．what [考查疑问词。句意：他们似乎并不比其他人更聪明，那么是什么让语言对他们来说更容易学习呢？此处为特殊疑问句，且表示“什么”，应用疑问词what。故填what。]
4．waiting [考查非谓语动词。此处作介词的宾语，应用动词ing形式。故填waiting。]
5．themselves [考查反身代词。句意：他们不是等着老师来解释，而是自己去寻找模式和规则。此处指“他们自己”，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。]
6．active [考查词性转换。句意：第二，他们是积极的学习者。此处修饰名词learners，应用形容词active “积极的”，作定语。故填active。]
7．communication [考查词性转换。此处作主语，应用名词communication“交流”，为不可数名词。故填communication。]
8．to know [考查非谓语动词。此处与to learn to think in the language是并列成分，应用不定式短语，作介词than的宾语。故填to know。]
9．who/that [考查定语从句。此处是限制性定语从句，先行词是people，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。]
10．using [考查非谓语动词。固定搭配practice doing sth．“练习做某事”，动词ing形式作宾语。故填using。]
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