新概念英语三 Lesson 59 Collecting课件(共52张PPT)

(共52张PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 59
Part 1
Lead in
Collecting
Part 2
text
(1) People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
词组：tend to do _____________________________________
翻译：值得记住的是孩子们在这一方面往往会效仿父母。________________________________________________________________________________
单词：amass v. _________________________
翻译：During the war, the monopoly capitalists amassed fabulous wealth.
__________________________________
往往会；常常就（通常用于一般现在时）
It is worth remembering that children tend to copy their parents in this respect.
（尤指大量）积累，积聚
战争期间垄断资本家们都大发横财。
(1) People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
扩展（近义词）：
collect stamps as a hobby
____________________
A housewife accumulates gift tokens
_______________________
In wartime individuals hoard scarce items.
_________________________________________________
（作为爱好）收藏
（长期逐渐地）积累
（为私利）储藏，囤积（钱财、食物或其他珍贵物品）
(1) People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
扩展：mass adj. __________________
mass production _____________
mass media __________
mass killing = massacre n.
___________________________________
南京大屠杀 _________________
大批的，大量的
大批量生产
大众传媒
大屠杀，残杀；（牲畜的）成批屠宰
Nanjing Massacre
(1) People tend to amass possessions, sometimes without being aware of doing so.
单词：possessions n. (usually pl.)
___________________
句型：do sth. without being aware of …
__________________________
without being aware of是介词短语作 ___________
翻译：就是有些人以性格开朗为由开玩笑，却没有意识到伤害了别人。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
私人物品；个人财产
做某事时并不曾意识到……
方式状语
There are certain people who invariably plead extrovert as an excuse for joking without being aware of hurting others.
(2) Indeed they can have a delightful surprise when they find something useful which they did not know they owned.
语法：when引导 _____________
which引导 __________
时间状语从句
定语从句
(3) Those who never have to move house become indiscriminate collectors of what can only be described as clutter.
语法：who引导 ___________
单词：indiscriminate adj. ___________
扩展（近义词）： _____________
语法：关系代词what引导的从句作介词宾语
介词of + what从句作后置定语，修饰____________
单词：clutter n. __________
定语从句
不加选择的
unselective
collectors
一堆杂物
(4) They leave unwanted objects in drawers, cupboards and attics for years, in the belief that they may one day need just those very things.
句型：in the belief that引导的内容在句子中作__________，修饰_______， 相当于________________。
单词：very _______________________________________________
翻译：Those were her very words.
___________________
翻译：He might be phoning her at this very moment.
_______________________________
伴随状语
leave
believing that
（表强调，相当于actual）正式的，恰好的，同一的
这些都是她的原话。
他也许这会儿正在给她打电话呢。
(5) As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment.
语法：as引导 _____________
单词：belongings相当于第一句中的______________
词组：lack of = _____________________缺乏
词组：be essential in _______________
翻译：他尊重他朋友的每一个意见，这对保持友谊十分重要。
___________________________________________________________________________
时间状语从句
possessions
having a shortage of
在……很重要
He respects every opinion his friends hold, which is essential in friendship.
(5) As they grow old, people also accumulate belongings for two other reasons, lack of physical and mental energy, both of which are essential in turning out and throwing away, and sentiment.
单词：sentiment n. ________________________
语法：句中sentiment和lack of physical and mental energy的关系是 _____
（对怜悯、怀旧等的）感情
并列
(6) Things owned for a long time are full of associations with the past, perhaps with relatives who are dead, and so they gradually acquire a value beyond their true worth.
语法：who引导_________
词组：beyond their true worth _____________________

篇章：本句则分析了随着年龄增长，人们收藏物品的另外两个原因：① _________________ ② ___________

定语从句
超出他们真正的价值
体力、精力欠佳
情感因素
(7) Some things are collected deliberately in the home in an attempt to avoid waste.
单词：deliberately adv.
= ____________________________ 存心地，有意地
词组：in an attempt to ______________，介词短语做_____状语
翻译：Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.
_____________________________
intentionally / on purpose
为了做……
目的
为削减费用，关闭了两家工厂。
(8) Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites.
单词：string ____________________
词组：_________________________ 一根 / 段细绳
翻译：She strung the shells on a silver chain.
___________________________
词组：string along _______ _______
He has no intention of helping you; he’s just stringing you along.
I’ll string along with you if you don’t object.
n. 细线 v. 用线串起
a piece/length of string
她把贝壳串在一条银链子上。
欺骗
跟随
(8) Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites.
考题：She was putting on her watch when the _____ broke and it fell to the ground.
belt B. strap C. tie D. string
B
(8) Among these I would list string and brown paper, kept by thrifty people when a parcel has been opened, to save buying these two requisites.
词组：brown paper ________________
语法：kept过去分词作 __________ 修饰 ___________________________
单词：thrifty adj. _________
语法： to save buying these two requisites是动词不定式短语，作 ____________ 修饰______
单词：requisite n. _________
后置定语
string and brown paper
牛皮纸（包装纸）
节俭的
目的状语
kept
必需品
(9) Collecting small items can easily become a mania.
单词：mania n. ____________
-mania 作为一种后缀，表示“__________________”
词组：neatness mania _____
kleptomania ________
bibliomania _________
扩展（派生词）：maniac ______________
癖好，狂热
……癖；……狂
洁癖
偷窃癖
藏书癖
疯子；躁狂者
(10) I know someone who always cuts sketches out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money.
语法：who引导 __________
单词：sketch n. _____________________
翻译：我妹妹很喜欢画图，她经常去乡下地方画大自然的素描。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
词组：sketch out ____________
定语从句
草样，图样 v. 画素描
My sister fancies drawing and often goes to the countryside for sketches of nature.
概述；草拟
(10) I know someone who always cuts sketches out from newspapers of model clothes that she would like to buy if she had the money.
语法：在本句中，of model clothes是__________的定语。
按照正常语序应该为cuts sketches of model clothes out from newspapers为了保持句子的平衡，避免头重脚轻，所以把地点状语from newspapers提前了。
语法：that引导 ___________
if引导 _______________
sketch
定语从句
虚拟从句
(11) As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-minded to be able to stop the practice.
语法：as引导 _______________
that引导 ______________
原因状语从句
同位语从句
(11) As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-minded to be able to stop the practice.
单词：remote adj. _____________________________________
词组：a remote chance ___________
翻译：无论多么努力，我还是一点都不明白领导的意思。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
一词多义：
remote control _________
a remote village ____________
a remote relative ___________
（机会，可能性）少的，小的 (slight)
机会渺茫
No matter how hard I try, the chances that I can understand our leader are remote.
遥控器
偏僻的乡村
远房亲戚
(11) As she is not rich, the chances that she will ever be able to afford such purchases are remote; but she is never sufficiently strong-minded to be able to stop the practice.
单词：strong-minded adj. _____________
单词：practice n. __________________
文中指 ___________________________________ 这一做法
意志坚强的
通常的做法；惯例
cut out sketches of model clothes
(12) It is a harmless habit, but it litters up her desk to such an extent that every time she opens it, loose bits of paper fall out in every direction.
语法：to such an extent，_________________ ，that后面的从句作extent的 _________
词组：fall out ______________
词组：in every direction = _______________ 到处
达到了这样的程度
同位语
掉落，脱落
here and there
(13) Collecting as a serious hobby is quite different and has many advantages.
(14) It provides relaxation for leisure hours, as just looking at one’s treasures is always a joy.
单词：relaxation n. _____________
语法：as引导 _______________
休息，娱乐
原因状语从句
(15) One does not have to go outside for amusement, since the collection is housed at home.
单词：one
________________________________________________
翻译：One asks oneself where children learn to behave so badly.
_____________________________________
语法：since引导 ______________
（尤用于泛指，可用people替换） 人们，任何人
人都该问问自己，孩子是从哪里学坏的。
原因状语从句
(15) One does not have to go outside for amusement, since the collection is housed at home.
单词：house是名词作动词，“_____________”之意。
类似的词如：___________________________________
翻译：The old man mothered his beloved pigeons.
__________________________________
翻译：The couple honeymooned in Hangzhou.
_________________________
收藏，安置
phone / picture / chair / hand / eye
老人像母亲般照顾着他心爱的鸽子。
这对新人在杭州度了蜜月。
(16) Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books, china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books.
语法：whatever it consists of … whatever引导_________从句，it指代____________
stamps...toy animals一系列表示具体事物的名词作关系代词whatever的_________。
单词：stuffed adj. _____________
词组：in connection with _____________
翻译：我写此信与你最近求职一事有关。
______________________________________________________________________
让步状语
collection
同位语
制成标本的
与……有关系
I am writing to you in connection with your recent job application.
(16) Whatever it consists of, stamps, records, first editions of books, china, glass, antique furniture, pictures, model cars, stuffed birds, toy animals, there is always something to do in connection with it, from finding the right place for the latest addition, to verifying facts in reference books.
单词：verify v. _____________
派生词：____________ adj. 可证实的
___________ n. 确认，核实
翻译：Before the bank was willing to lend him money, it had to verify that he had a house.
_____________________________________________
词组：reference books ____________
查证，核实
verifiable
verification
在银行同意借他钱之前，必须确认他有一套房子。
参考书
(17) This hobby educates one not only in the chosen subject, but also in general matters which have some bearing on it.
语法：which引导 ___________
单词：bearing n. _________________________
词组：have a bearing on _____________________________
翻译：Recent market fluctuations have had a direct bearing on company policy.
_____________________________________
定语从句
关系，联系；行为，举止
与……有关系，对……有影响
近期市场的波动对公司政策有直接影响。
(18) There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find.
单词：like-minded adj. ______________
翻译：Do the things you enjoy and you will meet like-minded individuals.
___________________________________________________
扩展：Great minds think alike. ________________
strong-minded adj. ____________
词组：compare notes ___________
词组：show off ______
志趣相投的
做一些自己喜欢的事情，你就能碰上志同道合的朋友。
英雄所见略同。
意志坚定的
交流经验
炫耀
(18) There are also other benefits. One wants to meet like-minded collectors, to get advice, to compare notes, to exchange articles, to show off the latest find.
单词：find n.
_______________________________________________
翻译：Our new babysitter is a real find.
_______________________________
发现物，被发现的人（尤指有趣、有价值或有用者）
我们新来的保姆是难得的好保姆。
(19) So one’s circle of friends grows. Soon the hobby leads to travel, perhaps to a meeting in another town, possibly a trip abroad in search of a rare specimen, for collectors are not confined to any one country.
词组：in search of ______
单词：specimen n. ______
语法：for引导 ______________
单词：confine v. _______________________________
翻译：一次事故使他坐上了轮椅。
____________________________________________
寻找
标本
原因状语从句
限制，使局限；使不外出，紧闭
An accident confined him to the wheel chair.
(20) Over the years, one may well become an authority on one’s hobby and will very probably be asked to give informal talks to little gatherings and then, if successful, to larger audiences.
(21)In this way self-confidence grows, first from mastering a subject, then from being able to take about it.
(22)Collecting, by occupying spare time so constructively, makes a person contented, with no time for boredom.
单词：constructively adv. _______________
单词：contented adj. ___________
扩展（近义词）：__________
词组：_____________________ 对……感到满意
单词： boredom n. ____________
词根： _______ v. 使厌烦
辨析：a bored man ______________
a boring man ______________

有益地，积极地
心满意足的
content
be contented with
烦恼，无聊
bore
一个厌世的人
一个无趣的人
Part 3
Translation skills
专有名词的翻译
一、定义：
专有名词，主要包括人名、地名、组织机构、作品名、商标品牌名等。
专有名词的翻译
二、专有名词的翻译方法：
1. 音译：翻译人名，地名最主要的一种方法。
2. 意译：主要用于翻译报纸、杂志、机关、团体等含有明显意义的名称。
3. 半音半译：既含有英文的音又含有中文的意。
专有名词的翻译
三、翻译的原则：
1. 名从主人：专有名词的音译和转写按照专有名词指称对象所属国家或民族的读音和写法。
2. 约定俗成：使用范围较广的专有名词应使用人们已经普遍接受的译名。
3. 按实求名：根据专有名词指称对象的具体内容来确定名称。
专有名词的翻译
一、音译
在保持发原音的同时，具有某种含义，或与产品发生联系。
1. 名从主人：
Johnson
Shakespeare
Washington
Nike
Eden
Shelly
强生
莎士比亚
华盛顿
耐克
艾登
雪莱
专有名词的翻译
2. 约定俗成（名字名称）
中国人姓名的英译一般应遵守先姓后名的原则。
如：外交部长唐家璇译为
Tang Jiaxuan，Minister of Foreigner Affairs.
已为国内外译者和学者所认可和接受的译名，应尊重历史加以沿用。如：
孔子
孙中山
Confucius
Sun Yat-sen
专有名词的翻译
二、意译（直译）
Times
The Times
The Daily Express
New York Post
New Weekly
Reader’s Digest
时代周刊
泰晤士报
每日快报
纽约邮报
新闻周刊
读者文摘
专有名词的翻译
三、半音半译法
Neon sign
Jeep
Sardine
Hamburger
霓虹灯
吉普车
沙丁鱼
汉堡包
Part 4
bonus
一. 词根：crim, crimin = separate 分开
来源于拉丁语cernere 分开,词根crimin为词根 crim 的变体，有同形异义词根： crim 罪。
一. 词根：crim, crimin = separate 分开
1. discriminate [dis- 分开 + -crim- 分开 + -ate (v.)]
v. 歧视，有差别地对待
2. discrimination
n. 辨别力，歧视
3. discriminator
n. 辨别者，鉴别器
4. nondiscrimination
n. 不歧视
一. 词根：crim, crimin = separate 分开
5. indiscriminate [in- 否定 + dis- 分开 + -ate (a.) 形容词后缀 ]
adj. 不加选择的，不加区别的
6. indiscrimination
n. 无差别，无分别
二. 词根：crim, crimin, crimine = crime 罪
来自拉丁语的 crimen(=accusation, crime) 意为crime， guilty, accusation 控诉，罪行。crimin, crime为词根crim的变体，它还有一个有异形同义词根：culp罪，犯罪。
二. 词根：crim, crimin, crimine = crime 罪
1. criminal [crimin 犯罪 + -al 名词后缀]
n. 罪犯
adj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑事的
2. criminology n.犯罪学
3. incriminate（使处于有罪状态in(=in) +crimin(=guilty)）
vt. 归罪于；控告（某人有罪）
4. recriminate v. 反责；反诉
5. recrimination n. 反责；反诉
6. recriminatory adj. 反责的；反动的