新概念英语第三册 Lesson 56 Our neighbour,the fiver 课件(共66张PPT)

(共66张PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 56
Part 1
Lead in
Our Neighbour, the River
Part 2
text
(1) The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives.
单词： boundary n. 界限，边界
扩展：近义词辨析：verge / rim / border / frontier
boundary n. 侧重 _________________等
border n.多指 ___________；也可指物体的边缘
frontier n. ______指靠近边界(boundary)的区域；也可派生词意为学术前沿等
verge n. （道路、花坛等长着草的）边缘
派生词含义为 _________________
rim n. 边，边缘；尤指 ________________
作为界限的标示物
两国的边界
边疆
某事即将发生之际
圆形物体的边缘
(1) The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives.
扩展：
1. The plane flew across the ________．
2. He wears a pair of spectacles with gold _____.
3. She was on the _______ of speaking out the secret．
rim
verge
border
(1) The river which forms the eastern boundary of our farm has always played an important part in our lives.
词组：play an important role 起到重要作用
= _______________________
翻译：现如今，智能手机在日常生活中起到重要作用。
____________________________________________________
____________
play an important part
Nowadays, smart phones play an important role in our daily life.
(2) Without it we could not make a living.
语法：without后用虚拟语气
= ___________________________________________
翻译：没有电，生活将一片漆黑。
__________________________________________
but for it, if it were not for, were it not for
Without electricity, life would be colorless.
(3) There is only enough spring water to supply the needs of the house, so we have to pump from the river for farm use.
词组：supply the needs 满足需求
扩展： Demand exceeds supply. _________
in short supply _______________
单词：pump v. 用泵抽
供应不足，短缺
供不应求
(4) We tell the river all our secrets.
(5) We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.
单词：instinctively adv. 本能地，天生地
语法：just as作方式状语，在写作中常用来 ___________
表示打比方
(5) We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.
单词：overtake v. 突然降临（尤指不好的事情）
扩展：词汇积累
第一组：以下词均为-ke结尾
承担 ___________
唤醒 __________
挑衅 __________
搭便车 __________
wake
undertake
provoke
hitchhike
(5) We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.
单词：overtake v. 突然降临（尤指不好的事情）
扩展：词汇积累
第二组：以下词均为over-开头
使……颠覆/翻转__________
忽略；俯瞰__________
克服，战胜__________
翻译：几年以前悲剧降临到这个家庭，他们至今还未恢复过来。
____________________________________________, and they haven’t recovered from it up to now.
overlook
overturn
overcome
Tragedy overtook the family several years ago
(5) We know instinctively, just as beekeepers with their bees, that misfortune might overtake us if the important events of our lives were not related to it.
单词：relate v. _____
e.g. The bottle really does contain perfumed mud. How Harry came into the possession of this outlandish stuff makes an interesting story which he is fond of relating. (L52)
讲述
(6) We have special river birthday parties in the summer.
(7) Sometimes we go upstream to a favorite backwater, sometimes we have our party at the boathouse, which a predecessor of ours at the farm built in the meadow hard by the deepest pool for swimming and diving.
单词：backwater n. 回水河汊
单词：predecessor n. 前任，前辈
扩展：反义词：___________ 继任者
前缀pre-表示 ___________
pre-nuptial ________
单词：meadow n. 草地，草场
词组：hard by = prep. ________________
successor
near, 在……旁边
婚前的
先前，原先
(8) In a heat wave we choose a midnight birthday party and that is the most exciting of all.
词组：heat wave 指 ___________
扩展：sweltering ___________
stuffy ________
炎热的天气
极其炎热的
闷热的
(9) We welcome the seasons by the riverside, crowning the youngest girl with flowers in the spring, holding a summer festival on Midsummer Eve, giving thanks for the harvest in the autumn, and throwing a holly wreath into the current in the winter.
语法：句中的crowning / holding / giving / throwing为4个并列的现在分词短语，都作为welcome的 __________
单词：crown n. 皇冠 v. 给……加冕
词组：the crown of the year _______________
单词：holly n. 一种冬青植物
单词：wreath n. 花环
收获季节，秋季
方式状语
(10) After a long period of rain the river may overflow its banks.
单词：overflow v. 淹没，浸没
扩展（近义词）：____________
overwhelm
(11) This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom goes to extremes.
单词：occurrence n. 偶发事件
扩展：词汇积累&辨析
occurrence / __________ / _________ / ____________
翻译：在这个城市中，街头斗殴家常便饭。
___________________________________________________
扩展（派生词）：______ v. 发生
句型：It suddenly ____________ sb. that… 某人突然想起……
= It suddenly ____________ sb. that…
incidence
In this city, street fights are an everyday occurrence.
accident
coincidence
occur
occurred to
dawned on
(11) This is a rare occurrence as our climate seldom goes to extremes.
句型：用this is a rare occurrence代替sth. occur rarely
扩展：近义词：____________
翻译：作为一条连接浦东到浦西的地铁线，2号线，尤其是高峰期，几乎找不到站立的空间。
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_______________.
词组：go to extremes _______
overwhelm
There is a rare occurrence that you can get standing room in Line 2, especially during the rush hour, as it is a metro line connecting the east to the west Huangpu River
走极端
(12) We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are affected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners.
语法：in that = _________
翻译：人类学(anthropology)是一门科学，因为人类学家采用一整套强有力的方法和技术来记录观测结果，而这样记录下来的观测结果是供他人核查的。
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
___________________________________________.
because
Anthropology is a science in that anthropologists use a rigorous set of methods and techniques to document observations that can be checked by others
(12) We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are affected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners.
词组：lower fields = ___________
扩展：low-lying __________
单词：proportion n.部分（主要是指成比例，均衡的部分）
单词：site v. 使位于
扩展：近义词：________________________
一词多义：site n. 地点
词组：home site _____，official site _____
less favorably sited _____________
地势低洼地
地势低洼的
主页
官网
lie / stand / be located in
地理位置不佳
(12) We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are affected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners.
单词：spell v. 招致，带来
词组：spell __________________________
翻译：新的法规会给小企业带来毁灭性打击。
New laws and regulations will __________________
_________________________.
扩展：一词多义
The witch read spell to the prince and then he turn into a frog.
这里的spell词性是 ___，意思是 ______
咒语
trouble / disaster / danger
n.
spell a destructive
blow to small businesses
(13) One bad winter we watched the river creep up the lower meadows.
词组：creep up
这里解释为：_______
渗上来
(14) All the cattle had been moved into stalls and we stood to lose little.
单词：stall n. 牲口棚
语法：这里的and表示 _____
词组：stand to lose _________________
结果
处于损失的情况中
(15) We were, however, worried about our nearest neighbors, whose farm was low lying and who were newcomers to the district.
语法：whose和who均引导 _________
定语从句
(16) As the floods had put the telephone out of order, we could not find out how they were managing.
词组：put…out of order ____________________
翻译：风暴使电力系统完全瘫痪。
____________________________________________.
使……出故障 / 瘫痪
The storm has put the electricity out of order
(17) From an attic window we could get a sweeping view of the river where their land joined ours, and at the most critical juncture we took turns in watching that point.
单词：attic 阁楼
单词：sweeping adj. 范围广大的
词组：a sweeping change ___________
a sweeping view ______
get a sweeping view of _____________
大范围改革
全景
一览无遗……
(17) From an attic window we could get a sweeping view of the river where their land joined ours, and at the most critical juncture we took turns in watching that point.
单词：critical adj. 危机的
词组：in a critical condition _________
扩展：派生词
________ v. 批评
_________ n. 批评
________ adj. 批评的；挑剔的
单词：juncture n. 时刻，关头
词组：at a critical juncture ___________
critical
情况危急
criticize
criticism
在紧要关头
(18) The first sign of disaster was a dead sheep floating down.
语法：floating是现在分词作 _________
后置定语
(19) Next came a horse, swimming bravely, but we were afraid that the strength of the current would prevent its landing anywhere before it became exhausted.
单词：strength n. 力量；强度
扩展：派生词：strengthen v. ______
词组： strengthen security __________
= step up security=beef up security
句型：某物阻碍某人做某事 ___________________________
加强
加强安检
sth. prevent sb.’s doing sth.=sth. prevent sb. from doing
(20) Suddenly a raft appeared, looking rather like Noah’s ark, carrying the whole family, a few hens, the dogs, a cat, and a bird in a cage.
单词：raft n. 木筏
词组：Noah‘s ark __________
诺亚方舟
(21) We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged.
单词：unduly adv. 过度地 = ___________
扩展：undue adj. 过分的，过度的
词组：an undue burden ___________
单词：sound adj. _______________
词组：safe and sound __________
excessively
过重的负担
健全的，可靠的
安然无恙
(21) We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged.
单词：foundation n. 地基
词组：lay a _____________________ foundation for / of
为……打下扎实的基础
翻译：我们应该打好英语的基础，为将来出国做准备。
______________________________________________
______________________________________
词组：the foundation of a new state ___________
新州的建立
good / sound / solid
We should lay a good foundation of English so as to prepare for further study abroad.
(21) We realized that they must have become unduly frightened by the rising flood, for their house, which had sound foundations, would have stood stoutly even if it had been almost submerged.
单词：stoutly adv. 牢固地，粗壮地
词组：stoutly-made boots ___________
stand stoutly ___________
单词：submerge v. 淹没，浸没
派生（近义词）：____________ v. 淹没
翻译：她在冰冷的河水中浸了30分钟后被送进医院。
______________________________________________
____________________________________________
结实的靴子
overwhelm
稳稳地站着
She was taken to hospital after having been submerged in the icy water for half an hour.
(22) The men of our family waded down through our flooded meadows with boathooks, in the hope of being able to grapple a corner of the raft and pull it out of the current towards our bank.
词组：wade down _________
e.g. They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading across shallow streams, or swimming across deep pools. (L42)
词组：in the hope of __________
用来替代句型 ________________
单词：grapple v. 抓住
趟水而过
希望……
we hope that…
(23) We still think it a miracle that they were able to do so.
句型：think it a miracle that
谓语 + 宾语 + 宾补 + 宾语从句
翻译：耳聋的Tim居然成为一名打击乐手(percussionist)，他姐姐至今依然认为这是一个奇迹。
____________________________________________________
______________________________.
His sister still thinks it a miracle that Tim, a deaf boy, could become a percussionist
Part 3
Translation skills
翻译技巧：语态转换法
简介：汉语中主动语态出现频率较高，而与之相反，英语中被动语态的使用率较高。
来看本课中的一句：
We are lucky in that only the lower fields, which make up a very small proportion of our farm, are affected by flooding, but other farms are less favorably sited, and flooding can sometimes spell disaster for their owners. (N3, L56)
值得庆幸的是，只有低洼地受到洪水影响，而低洼地在我们农场比例很小。其他农场地势欠佳，洪水有时会给农场主带来灾难。
翻译技巧：语态转换法
1、顺译法：
a. 顺译成被动句
e.g.
Vitamin C is destroyed when it is overheated.
维生素C受热过度就会被破坏。
Once the flower has been pollinated and fertilized, the plant provides the newly formed seeds with a reserve of food materials, which will be needed when they themselves germinate.
花一旦被授了粉并受了精，植株就会对新生种子提供养料贮藏，以备种子未来发芽之需。
翻译技巧：语态转换法
1、顺译法：
b. 顺译成主动句
e.g.
Love cannot be forced.
爱情不能强求。
My holidays afternoons were spent in ramble about the surrounding country.
每逢假日的下午，我总要漫步周围的乡村
翻译技巧：语态转换法
2、倒译法：
a. 把 by 后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语
e.g.
We are brought freedom and happiness by socialism.
社会主义给我们带来了自由和幸福。
Light and heat can be given to us by the sun.
太阳提供给我们光和热。
翻译技巧：语态转换法
2、倒译法：
b. 把其他介词后的宾语倒译成汉语的主语
e.g.
Heat is removed from the body during sweating.
出汗时人体散发热量。
The same signs and symbols of mathematics are used throughout the world.
全世界都使用同样的数学记号和符号。
翻译技巧：语态转换法
2、倒译法：
c. 倒译成汉语的无主句
e.g.
Smoking is not allowed here.
此处禁止吸烟。
The goods are urgently needed.
急需此货。
You are supposed to pay right after the books are delivered.
书到后应立即付款。
翻译技巧：语态转换法
3、惯用句型：
It be done + that…
e.g.
It is said that … 据说……
It is reported that … 据报道……
It is supposed that … 据推测……
It is stated that… 据说……
It was described that … 据介绍……
It is predicted that … 据预测……
It is estimated that… 据估计……
It is claimed that … 据称……
翻译技巧：语态转换法
Exercise：
1、许多房屋建筑、道路桥梁在这次海啸中遭到破坏。
A number of houses and buildings, roads and bridges were damaged in the tsunami.
2、This was a great stroke of fortune for the Allies, for this port, as soon as its approaches were cleared, was destined to become the principal supply base of Anglo-American armies.
这对盟军来说是件大幸事，因为该港口的人行通道一经清理，就可成为英美军队的重要供需基地。
Part 4
bonus
The story of Noah’s Ark
The story of Noah’s Ark
挪亚方舟（Noah’s Ark)
圣经《创世纪》
亚当、夏娃偷吃禁果被赶出伊甸园
人类身上的原罪烙印，相互厮杀，争抢夺掠
上帝后悔造人，要消灭人，重新来过
义人诺亚，新一代人类的种子
The story of Noah’s Ark
Gopher wood 歌斐木
长 300肘 （1肘=0.44米）
宽 50肘
高 30肘
屋顶留透光处
门设在旁边
方舟分上、中、下三层
Who can enter the ark
Noah’s family
Two of all living creatures, male and female
Two of every kind of bird
Two of every kind of animal
Two of every kind of creature that moves along the ground
After 7 days
When Noah was 600 years old, on the seventeenth day of the second month.(2.17)
The rain fell on the earth forty nights.
For forty days the flood kept coming on the earth.
The waters flooded the earth for 150 days.