新概念英语三Lesson 54 Instinct or cleverness 课件(共53张PPT)

(共53张PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 54
Part 1
Lead in
Instinct or Cleverness
Part 2
text
(1) We have been brought up to fear insects.
词组： be brought up to do sth.
________________
e.g. The sad truth is that most of us have been brought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives. (L23)
从小到大做某事
(1) We have been brought up to fear insects.
单词： insect n. 昆虫
文中有哪些表示昆虫的单词？
spider 蜘蛛
wasp 黄蜂
moth 飞蛾
ant 蚂蚁
praying mantis 螳螂
beetle 甲虫
aphid 蚜虫
(2) We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good.
词组： do good/harm to 对……有益/有害
扩展：利大于弊 _________________________
do more good than harm
(3) We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops.
单词： wage v. 进行（斗争）
词组： wage a war (on sb./sth.) 向……发动战争
翻译：哪个国家也不想打核战争。
No country wants to _____________________.
wage a nuclear war
(3) We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops.
单词： contaminate v. 弄脏
扩展：近义词：________
派生词：________________ n.
词组： radioactive contamination ___________
pollute
contamination
放射性污染
(4) They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows.
单词： provocation n. 惹怒
翻译：只要稍一惹她，她就大发脾气。
She loses her temper ____________________________.
词组：without provocation ____________
翻译：He often loses his temper without provocation.
_________________。
at the slightest provocation
没有理由地
他经常无故发脾气
(4) They sting or bite without provocation; they fly uninvited into our rooms on summer nights, or beat against our lighted windows.
单词： uninvited adj. 未被邀请的
词组：come / fly uninvited _________
单词： against prep. 可以解释为 _____________________
翻译：He was leaning against a tree.
_____________。
翻译：The rain beat against the car’s windscreen.
_______________________。
不请自来
他倚着一棵树
触；碰；倚；靠；撞 等
雨点打在汽车挡风玻璃上
(5) We live in dread not only of unpleasant insects like spiders or wasps, but of quite harmless one like moths.
词组： in dread of 害怕……
翻译：I would stand in dread of what my teacher might be talking to my parents.
______________________________________________。
我会时时刻刻提心吊胆，不知老师要跟家长说点啥
(6) Reading about them increases our understanding without dispelling our fears.
翻译：without在句中表示 _____ 的逻辑关系
译为 _______ dispell 驱散
却不能
转折
(7) Knowing that the industrious ant lives in a highly organized society does nothing to prevent us from being filled with revulsion when we find hordes of them crawling爬 over a carefully prepared picnic lunch.
单词：industrious adj. 勤勉的=deligent hardworking
单词：revulsion n. 厌恶
扩展（近义词）：________
单词：horde n. 群
词组：a horde of __________
disgust
一群……
(8) No matter how much we like honey, or how much we have read about the uncanny sense of direction which bees possess动词：拥有, we have a horror 恐怖of being stung.
单词：uncanny adj. 神秘的，不可思议的
词组：an uncanny coincidence ___________
词组：___________________________ 神奇的方向感
扩展： ill sense of humor ___________
uncanny sense of direction
神秘的巧合
黑色幽默
(9) Most of our fears are unreasonable不合理的 improper, but they are impossible to erase.
单词：erase v. 擦，抹去
词组：to erase sth. from one’s memory / mind
_________
篇章：We may learn more about the behavior of insects ____.
A. and become so fascinated by them that we are no longer moved by them
B. but we are no less likely to lose our irrational fear of them
C. provided假如 they remain unaware of our presence while we observe them
D. as long as they only harm each other and not us
B
忘却……
(10) At the same time, however, insects are strangely fascinating.
(11) We enjoy reading about them, especially when we find that, like the praying mantis, they lead perfectly horrible lives.
词组：lead a…life _______________
e.g. Rastus leads an orderly life. (N3, L19)
扩展：这里螳螂lead horrible lives是指：雌雄螳螂交配之后，雌螳螂会吃掉雄螳螂。
过着……的生活
(12) We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence.
单词：entranced adj. 出神的
翻译： I was entranced at the sweetness of her voice.
________________________。
扩展：
派生词：entrance v. 使着迷，使狂喜
entranced / entrancing adj.
填空：She stopped, ____________
___________ stories
我陶醉在她甜美的歌声中
entrancing
entranced
(12) We enjoy staring at them, entranced as they go about their business, unaware (we hope) of our presence.
词组：go about _________________________
go about one’s business ____________
开始做某事物，处理某事物
干活，做事
(13) Who has not stood in awe at the sight of a spider pouncing on a fly, or a column of ants triumphantly bearing home an enormous dead beetle
词组：be / stand in awe (of sb.) _________________
词组：a column of ___________
单词：triumphantly adv. 得意洋洋地
本句中用来描述蚂蚁战胜大甲虫的神态，为 _____ 用法
单词：bear v. (to carry)
词组：torch bearer ________
翻译：The canoe was borne along by the current.
__________________。
对……充满敬畏感
火炬手
那独木舟顺流而下
拟人
一列……
(14) Last summer I spent days in the garden watching thousands of ants crawling up the trunk of my prize peach tree.
单词：prize adj. 心爱的
e.g. … I notice a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of my prize plants. (N3, L23)
(15) The tree has grown against a warm wall on a sheltered side of the house.
单词：against prep.
本文第二次出现介词against这一用法，尤其注意
单词：sheltered adj. 伤不着的，无危险的
词组：sb. lead a sheltered life _______________
过着优越的生活
(16) I am especially proud of it, not only because it has survived several severe winters, but because it occasionally produces luscious peaches.
单词：survive vt. 经历（某事物）幸存
翻译：The plants may not survive the frost.
_______________。
单词：luscious adj. 甘美的
这些植物不经冻
(17) During the summer, I noticed that the leaves of the tree were beginning to wither.
单词：wither v. 枯萎，凋谢
(18) Clusters of tiny insects called aphids were to be found on the underside of the leaves.
单词：cluster n. 一簇
词组：a cluster of
单词：underside n. 底面，下侧
词组：the underside (of sth.)
(19) They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained 获得 a sort of一种 honey from them.
词组：be visited by
这里根据上下文课翻译为 _____________
单词：colony n. 一群
扩展：表示“一群”的量词
a ________ of seals; a ________ of bees; a ______of cows
a ________ of fish; a _______ of thieves
a ________________ of flowers
a ______________ of people
a _______ of wild geese/sheep
受到……攻击
swarm
colony
flock
band
school
herd
cluster / bunch
crowd / group
(19) They were visited by a large colony of ants which obtained a sort of honey from them.
篇章：The reason for the ants’ swarming up and down the tree was that ____.
A. they collected a kind of honey from the leaves
B. they fed on a kind of honey contained in the sap of the tree
C. they were milking a kind of honey from the aphids on the leaves
D. they needed to go back to their nest in the branches of the tree
c
(20) I immediately embarked on an experiment which, even though it failed to get rid of the ants, kept me fascinated for twenty-four hours.
词组：embark on 开始或从事 (start or engage in)
e.g. embark on a long journey ________________
开始漫长的旅程
(21) I bound--bind捆 the base of the tree with sticky tape, making it impossible for the ants to reach the aphids.
单词：sticky adj. 粘的
扩展：
派生词：stick v. 粘贴 n. 棍子
词组：stick to 粘住；坚持
e.g. stick to one’s own opinion __________
固执己见
(22) The tape was so sticky that they did not dare to cross it.
语法：so…that引导结果状语从句
(23) For a long time, I watched them scurrying around the base of the tree in bewilderment.
单词：scurry v. 小步跑
翻译：聚会开始前我们一直不停地忙忙碌碌。
______________________________ the last minute
before the party.
词组：in bewilderment
扩展：________________ 表示副词的概念
介词 + 抽象名词
We were scurrying about until
(24) I even went out at midnight with a torch and noted with satisfaction (and surprise) that the ants were still swarming around the sticky tape without being able to do anything about it.
词组：with / in satisfaction
同上文的in bewilderment，介词 + 抽象名词表示副词的概念
单词：swarm v. 聚集
词组：be __________ with 充满
.
swarming
(25) I got up early next morning hoping to find that the ants had given up in despair.
词组：in despair/desperate
再次出现，介词 + 抽象名词表示副词的概念
(26) Instead, I saw that they had discovered a new route.
(27) They were climbing up the wall of the house and then on to the leaves of the tree.
词组：on to 表示方位
e.g. The lorry was loaded with empty beer bottles and hundreds of them slid off the back of the vehicle and on to the road. (N3, L33)
(28) I realized sadly that I had been completely defeated by their ingenuity.
单词：ingenuity n.
词组：__________________ 擅长某事
扩展（派生词）：__________ adj. 心灵手巧的，机灵的
have ingenuity in
ingenious
(29) The ants had been quick to find an answer to my thoroughly unscientific methods!
Part 3
Translation skills
翻译技巧：倒置法
简介：倒置法在英译汉时使用较多, 即对英语长句按照汉语的习惯表达进行前后调换。
来看本课中的一句：
We regard them as unnecessary creatures that do more harm than good. (N3, L54)
我们把昆虫当做害多益少的无用东西。
翻译技巧：倒置法
常见例子：
loss and gain _____
small and medium-sized countries __________
你我他 _______________
得失
中小国家
you, he and I
翻译技巧：倒置法
1、定语的位置
在英语的句子中，若定语过长，一般要置于名词之后；另外也有单词作后置定语的情况。但在中文里，定语放在名词前面。
e.g.
He is the best actor alive.
他是当代最优秀的男演员
The digits on the screen of the electronic watch tell us time.
电子表屏幕上的数字告诉我们时间。
翻译技巧：倒置法
2、状语的位置
在英语的句子中，状语根据种类不同，可放在句首或句末；也可出现在动词前后。但在中文中，状语一般在句首以及动词前
e.g.
I paid a visit to my friend yesterday.
昨天我去拜访了我的朋友。/ 我昨天去拜访了我的朋友。
I encountered my middle school classmate at the entrance of the theatre at 7:30 yesterday evening, whom I haven’t seen for years.
昨天晚上7点半在剧院门口，我遇到了我多年未见的中学同学。
翻译技巧：倒置法
3、形容词的排序问题
规则：限数描大形，新色国材名
（限定词+数字+描绘性+大小 +形状 + 新旧+颜色 + 国家+材料+被修饰的名词 ）
e.g.
她那张圆圆的粉色小脸
Her small round pink face
美国有名的医疗机构
a well-known American medical institution
翻译技巧：倒置法
Exercise：
1、如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法，你的学习效率就可能明显提高。
If you can find whatever learning method (that) suits you,
your study / learning efficiency is likely to improve
remarkably.
2、Great changes have taken place in China since the
introduction of the reform and opening policy.
改革开放以来，中国发生了巨大的变化。
Part 4
bonus
Life of insects
Life of insects
1、 general characteristics
body parts：head，thorax（胸），abdomen（腹）
tentacles（触角）
three pairs of legs；two pairs of wings (spiders )
exoskeleton（外骨骼）
Life of insects
2、mating（交配）
key words：temptation to smell；colorful appearance
Life of insects
2、mating（交配）
different ways of mating
蜉蝣 —— 过把瘾就死
蜜蜂 —— “众妃”争宠
Life of insects
3、stages of life
complete metamorphosis（完全变态）
egg（卵）→ larva（幼虫）→ pupa（蛹）→ adult（成虫）
我还小~~
蜕变了！！
Life of insects
3、stages of life
incomplete metamorphosis（不完全变态）
egg（卵）→ larva（幼虫）→ adult（成虫）
If an insect undergoes incomplete metamorphosis, its larva and adult have similar appearance.
Life of insects
4、death-related factors
biotic：food、natural enemies
abiotic：natural disasters
human factor