新概念英语第三册 Lesson 38 The first calender 课件(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 38
part 1
lead in
The first calendar
单词：calendar n. 历法，日历
part 2
text
(1) Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times.
单词：historian n. 历史学家
historic adj. ___________________________
historical adj.____________________________
As a foreigner, I cannot but be proud of your ________ achievement.
He is writing a ________ novel about nineteenth-century France.
单词：unique adj. 无与伦比的，独一无二的
unique不能接受_______，可以接受_____________________________等修饰，
但不能接受___________等词修饰
翻译：每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。
_________________________________
有历史意义的；历史上著名的
历史的；史学的；基于史实的
historic
historical
比较级
quite, almost, nearly, surely, really
rather, very
Every person’s fingerprints are unique.
(1) Future historians will be in a unique position when they come to record the history of our own times.
词组：come to do ________________
翻译：我开始意识到学习一门外语有多难。
____________________________________________________
翻译：父母亲不太可能给我们很多指导。
______________________________________________________
逐步开始做某事
I come to realize how difficult it is to study a foreign language.
Parents are in an improper position to give us many instructions.
(2) They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates.
词组：a / the great mass of ____________ = ________
单词：steadily adv. 不断地
= ___________________
—Do you make any progress in English recently
—Slowly but steadily.
扩展：_______ adj. 稳定的
steady table __________的桌子
眼要准，手要稳 do sth. ______________________________
许多，大量
a lot of
continually, gradually
steady
四平八稳
with a steady hand and a steady eye
(2) They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of evidence that steadily accumulates.
单词：accumulate vt. 积累 ； vi. 越来越多
accumulate ________________________________
as the evidence accumulates (N3 L1)
翻译：房屋不经常打扫，尘土很快就越积越多。
_______________________________________________________
money / knowledge / experience …
Dust and dirt soon accumulates if a house is not cleaned regularly.
(3) What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word.
单词：solely adv. 唯一地
= ___________
翻译：我读这书完全是为了消遣。
_____________________________
扩展：sole adj. 唯一的
Many women are left as the sole providers in families after their husband has died.
辨析：solo n. ____________ adj. _________________________
He had just completed his final solo album.
only, simply
I read the book solely for pleasure.
独奏；独唱
独奏的；独唱的；单独的
(3) What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word.
词组：written word _________
扩展：书面文件 ___________________
笔试 ___________
口语 _______________
口试 ________
口头警告 ______________
翻译：现今人们越来越(increasingly)依赖计算机协助工作。
______________________________________________________
书面文字
written documentary
written test
spoken English
oral test
verbal warning
Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help/to help us.
(4) Films, videos, CDs and CD-ROMS are just some of the bewildering amount of information they will have.
单词：video n. 录像
CD-ROM n. （只读）光盘驱动器
单词：bewilder v. 令人眼花缭乱
bewildered adj. ________
bewildering adj. ___________
困惑的
使人困惑的
(5) They will be able, as it were, to see and hear us in action.
词组：as it were _____________________________________
He is my best friend, my second self , as it were.
翻译：他可以说是一本活字典。
_________________________________
词组：in action ______________________________
This is an example of world service in action.
好像，可以说是,似乎就是（虚拟语气）
身临其境，行动中的，活动中的
He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.
(6) But the historian attempting to reconstruct the distant past is always faced with a difficult task.
单词：be faced with ___________ = _________________
面对，面临
be confronted with
(7) He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available.
单词：deduce v. 推断，推理（有充分的证据和准则而得出结论）
= determine or decide sth. by given fact
翻译：如果你看到一位医生从一个房子里出来，你可以推断房子里有人生病了。
____________________________________________________________________
派生：_________ n. 演绎，推论
单词： scanty adj. 不足的，缺乏的
a scanty lunch ______________ scanty knowledge _______
a scanty crop __________ a model in scanty clothing ________________
If you see a doctor leave a house, you may deduce that someone in the house is ill.
deduction
吃不饱的午饭
无知
庄稼歉收
穿着暴露的模特
(7) He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available.
单词：clue n. 线索
某事的线索 ____________
翻译：鉴定谋杀者的唯一线索是地上的一滩血迹。
__________________________________________________________________
- When does the train leave - I have no clue. ___________
语法：宾语从句 what he can 中进行了省略处理。
英语中遇到临近动词重复的时候可以对后面的动词进行省略，
常见的省略_______ 或 ________________。
Sally is as intelligent as Bill (is) .
You can do it this way if you care to (do).
clue to sth.
The only clue to the identity of the murderer was a pool of blood on the ground.
完全不知道
系动词
不定式中的动词
(8) Even seemingly insignificant remains can shed interesting light on the history of early man.
单词：insignificant adj. 不重要的
派生：__________ adj. 重大的；有效的；有意义的
____________ n. 意义；重要性
单词：shed v. 使流出，泻
shed ____________________
词组：shed light on sth.
shed the moonlight on my bed ____________
Can you shed light on the case of the fire __________
= ______________________________
significant
significance
tears/ blood （液体）
床前明月光
解释说明
point out/ explain/ reveal/ expose
(9) Up to now, historians have assumed that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture, for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons.
词组：come into being ___________
单词：advent n. 到来，出现
= _________________
翻译：计算机的出现极大地改变了人们的生活。
_______________________________________________
单词：agriculture n. 农业
词组：real need __________
arrival/ appearance
The advent of the computer changed people's life greatly.
形成，出现
实际需求
(10) Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.
单词：assumption n. 假定，预设（没有依据）
翻译：我的计算是以房价会保持稳定的假设为基础的。
______________________________________________________________________
派生：________ vi. 假定；设想
近义词：____________ n. 假设（有依据）
My calculations were based on the assumption that house prices would remain steady.
assume
presumption
(11) Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusks of mammoths.
词组：be puzzled by ____________ = ________________
单词：dot n. 小圆点
symbol n. 符号
单词：engrave v. 雕刻
sth. be engraved on / upon sb.’s memory __________________
派生：grave n. 坟墓
from the cradle to the grave ______ = ________________
为……所惑
be bewildered by
某物深刻于记忆中
一生
from birth to death
(11) Historians have long been puzzled by dots, lines and symbols which have been engraved on walls, bones, and the ivory tusks of mammoths.
单词：ivory n. 象牙制品
tusk n. 獠牙，长牙，象牙
mammoth n. （古）长毛象
(12) The nomads who made these markings lived by hunting and fishing during the last Ice Age which began about 35,000 B.C. and ended about 10,000 B.C.
单词：nomad n. 游牧民
(13) By correlating markings made in various parts of the world, historians have been able to read this difficult code.
单词：correlate v. 使相互联系
__________________ A与B相关
翻译：这次试验的结果与以往试验的结果毫不相干。
_______________________________________________________________
A correlate with B
The results of this experiment do not correlate with the results of earlier ones.
(14) They have found that it is connected with the passage of days and the phases of the moon.
单词：phase n. 月相；阶段
the phases of the moon ________________
月亮的阴晴圆缺
(15) It is, in fact, a primitive type of calendar.
单词：primitive adj. 原始的
primitive ___________________________原始文化/习俗/部落/人
culture/ customs/ tribes/ man
(16) It has long been known that the hunting scenes depicted on walls were not simply a form of artistic expression.
单词：depict v. 描画，描绘
派生：_________ n. 描写，叙述
depiction
(17) They had a definite meaning, for they were as near as early man could get to writing.
单词：definite adj. 一定的；确切的
It's too soon to give a definite answer.
definite meaning ____________
单词：as near as ______
As near as a foreigner like me can understand it, the basis of face seems to be worry about other peoples' opinions.
As near as I can tell that fabric was a sort of waffle-weave.
确切的含义
接近
(18) It is possible that there is a definite relation between these paintings and the markings that sometimes accompany them.
句型：There is a relation between A and B
= _____________________
= _____________________
= _____________________
翻译：有些医生认为吸烟与肺癌有关连。
____________________________________________________________
A be connected with B
A be bound up with B
A be associated with B
Some doctors think there is a relation between smoking and lung cancer.
(19) It seems that man was making a real effort to understand the seasons 20,000 years earlier than has been supposed.
单词：make a real effort to do _______________
You have to make a real effort to put the visual and aural experience into words.
语法：比较状语从句中省略主语
He gas more solutions to this problem than was expected.
Doctors were given more information about patients than was necessary to provide a diagnosis.
积极努力做某事
part 3
exercises
part 4
bonus
Sorts of Calendars
Solar calendar
Lunar calendar
Lunisolar calendar
太阳历 （如：伊朗历）
太阴历（如：伊斯兰历）
阴阳历（如：农历，希伯来历）
Solar term - Spring
立春
雨水
驚蟄
春分
清明
穀雨
Spring Begins (Spring Commences)
More Rain Than Snow (Spring Showers)
Hibernating Insects Awaken (Insects Waken)
Spring Center (Vernal Equinox)
Clear and Bright (Bright and Clear, Qingming Festival)
Wheat Rain (Corn Rain)
Solar term - Summer
立夏
小滿
芒種
夏至
小暑
大暑
Summer Begins (Summer Commences)
Creatures Plenish (Corn Forms)
Seeding Millet (Corn On Ear)
Summer Maximum (Summer Solstice)
A bit Sweltering (Moderate Heat)
Most Sweltering (Great Heat)
Solar term - Autumn
立秋
處暑
白露
秋分
寒露
霜降
Autumn Begins (Autumn Commences)
Heat Withdraws (End of Heat)
Dews (White Dew)
Autumn Center (Autumn Equinox)
Cold Dews (Cold Dew)
Frost
Solar term - Winter
立冬
小雪
大雪
冬至
小寒
大寒
Winter Begins (Winter Commences)
Snows a bit (Light Snow)
Snows a lot (Heavy Snow)
Winter Maximum (Winter Solstice, Dongzhi Festival)
A bit Frigid (Moderate Cold)
Most Frigid (Severe Cold)
Lunar Phase
New Moon
Waxing crescent
First Quarter
Waxing gibbous
Full Moon
Waning gibbous
Last Quarter
Waning gibbous
新月
娥眉月
上弦月
盈凸月
满月
亏凸月
下弦月
残月