新概念英语三 Lesson 53 In the public interest课件(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
New Concept English
Book 3 Lesson 53
Part 1
Lead in
In the Public Interest
Part 2
text
(1)The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies.
单词：enlightened adj. ___________________________
翻译：Some philosophers believe that the way to enlightenment comes through facing obstacles and difficulties.
________________________________________________
开明的，有见识的，有知识的
一些哲学家相信，人类启蒙之路困难重重挫折不断。
(2) Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers.
单词：evolved __________
翻译：流行音乐从民歌演变而来。
_________________________________________
在哈佛，已经逐渐形成了一种完善的制度以保护每个学生不受专横而保守的教授们的欺压。
____________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
_____________________________
演变
Popular music evolved from folk songs.
Harvard has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual student from high-handed and conservative professors.
(3) The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too.
词组：work well__________
单词：adopt__________
采纳提议____________________
收养儿童________________
行之有效
采纳；收养
adopt children
adopt the proposal
(4) The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public.
单词：Swedes n.________
列举政府官员不同职位：
civil servant ________
police officer_____
health inspector _________
tax-collector___________
瑞典人
文职人员;公务员
警官
卫生监督员
税务人员
(4) The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public.
单词：over-zealously adv. ___________
语法：do sth. in the belief that … 在句中作原因状语，代替了平庸的从句 ___________
they believe that …，以此类推，我们可以用do sth. in the thought that …代替 ________________________
过分热情地
because
because sb. thinks that
(5) As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual.
单词: parliament n. ____________
单词: scheme n._________________________
词组：safeguard the interest of the individual
______________
议会，国会
体系；体制，计划，方案
保护公民利益
(6) A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State.
单词: committee n._________
语法: representing all political parties现在分词，做___________________________ 的后置定语，存在主动关系。
词组: appoint sb. to do sth.______________
委员会
a parliamentary committee
委派某人做某事
(7) The official title of the person is ‘Justiteombudsman’, but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the ‘J.O.’ or ‘Ombudsman’.
词组: refer to sb. as sth. _____________
称某人为……
(8) The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure.
单词：subject n. _________________
词组: be subject to _________________
翻译：When you are in a foreign country, you are subject to its law.
_____________________________________
扩展：checks and balances ___________（法国著名思想家孟德斯鸠诠释为行政、立法、司法
话题，科目，主语
受支配，从属于
当你身处异国时，就受当地法律的制约。
三权分立
(9)He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society.
语法：that 引导_______从句，large and small作名词complaints的定语。这样两个意义相反的形容词并用时要置于被修饰的词之后。
定语
(10) As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year.
(11) He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and he examines every single letter in detail.
(12) There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman’s work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection.
词组: be open to ____________________
翻译：This art museum is open to all the citizens.
__________________________
乐于接受，对……开放
这家艺术馆对所有公民开放。
(13) If a citizen‘s complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint.
单词：justify v. ___________
翻译： Ends justify the means._________
词组： on sb.’s behalf / on behalf of sb. ____________
翻译: On behalf of the Chinese delegation, I’d like to express my sincere gratitude to the host for everything you’ve done for us.
__________________________________________________________________________
使某事正当
不择手段
代表某人
我谨代表中国代表团，向东道主致以诚挚的感谢，谢谢你们为我们所做的一切。
(14) He may gently reprimand an official or even suggest to parliament that a law be altered.
语法：suggest to sb. 后面的从句用_____，所以a law be altered 还原：a law should be altered
虚拟
(15) The following case is a typical example of the Ombudsman’s work.
语法：the following case…句，起到_________作用，类似用法见Lesson29: The following example of 'sick humor' will enable you to judge for yourself.
承上启下
(16) A foreigner living in a Swedish village wrote to the Ombudsman complaining that he had been ill-treated by the police, simply because he was a foreigner.
(17) The Ombudsman immediately wrote to the Chief of Police in the district asking him to send a record of the case.
词组：the Chief of Police ________
语法：句中的asking为现在分词作__________
目的状语
警察局长
(18) There was nothing in the record to show that the foreigner’s complaint was justified and the Chief of Police strongly denied the accusation.
词组：deny the accusation _________
拒绝指控
(19) It was impossible for the Ombudsman to take action, but when he received a similar complaint from another foreigner in the same village, he immediately sent one of his layers to investigate the matter.
词组：investigate the matter __________
调查此事
(20) The lawyer ascertained that a policeman had indeed dealt roughly with foreigners on several occasions.
词组：deal roughly with sb. ____________
扩展：get along with sb. ______________
粗暴对待某人
和某人打交道
(21) The fact that the policeman was prejudiced against foreigners could not be recorded in the official files.
单词：prejudiced adj. __________
prejudice n. _____
扩展：Pride and Prejudice ______________
有偏见的
偏见
《傲慢与偏见》
(22) It was only possible for the Ombudsman to find this out by sending one of his representatives to check the facts.
语法：to find this out by sending ... ___________________
to achieve sth. by doing sth. ____________________
by译为凭借，后接_________
通过发送找到这个
通过做某事来实现某事
动名词
(23) The policeman in question was severely reprimanded and was informed that if any further complaints were lodged against him, he would be prosecuted.
单词：reprimand vt. ___________
翻译：他因为在走廊里讲话受到了一位老师的斥责。
______________________________________________________
_________
单词：lodge v. (不及物动词，及物动词用被动)
a. _______________________
例句： A fishbone lodged in his throat.
b. _________________
词组；lodge a complaint against sb. 投诉
c. _____________
例句： I lodged with a local family the summer I studied in London.
谴责，训斥
He was reprimanded by a teacher for talking in the corridor.
使固定某处，卡在某处
提出控告，上诉
租住，寄宿
(24) The Ombudsman’s prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.
词组：put an end to ___________
词组：go unnoticed __________________
无人问津，不了了之
制止，结束
Part 3
Translation skills
拆句法 合并法
拆句法是把一个长而复杂的句子拆译成若干较短，较简单的句子，句合并成一个长句，通常用于英译汉。
合并法是把若干个短句合并成一个长句，一般用于汉译英。
句型翻译：The Ombudsman’s prompt action at once put an end to an unpleasant practice which might have gone unnoticed.
中文翻译应为：
司法特派员及时采取的行动，迅速制止了这一起不愉快的事件， 不然这件事可能因未得到人们注意而不了了之。
翻译练习：
A Parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the state.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
The old lady whose two daughters are both teachers is our neighbour.
___________________________________________
两个女儿都是教师的那个老奶奶是我们的邻居.
议会内有一个代表各政党利益的委员会， 由它委派一位称职的人选专门调查个人对国家的意见。
Part 4
bonus
斯堪的纳维亚半岛名字的由来
Scandinavia
The term Scandinavia always includes the three kingdoms of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. The remote Norwegian islands of Svalbard and Jan Mayen are usually not seen as a part of Scandinavia, nor is Greenland, an overseas territory of Denmark. However, the Faroe Islands, also a Danish overseas territory, are sometimes included, as sometimes are Iceland, Finland, and the Finnish autonomous region of the land Islands, because of their historical association with the Scandinavian countries and the Scandinavian peoples and languages. This looser definition almost equates to that of the Nordic countries. In Nordic languages, only Denmark, Norway and Sweden are commonly included in the definition of Scandinavia.