Period 7 默写背诵(At one with nature)
Ⅰ．核心单词
1．The police are ________(内行的) at handling situations like this in strict confidence． 2．The family ________(租用) a former church in downtown Portland to hold a concert． 3．Mark Twain wrote an autobiography that could only be ________(出版) 100 years after his death． 4．The Mediterranean ________(气候) is good for growing citrus fruits and grapes． 5．Water the plant regularly，never letting the ________(土壤) dry out． 6．These fish are found in ________(浅的) waters around the coast． 7．Rice farmers here still plant and harvest their __________(庄稼) by hand． 8．It was so cold outside that he ________(裹) a scarf tightly around his face． 9．During the Tang and Song ________(朝代)，landscape painting became popular． 10．Teachers will never be ________(代替) with computers in the classroom．
Ⅱ．拓展词汇
会书写 会应用
1．prevent v．阻挡，防止→________ n．预防，防止→________ adj．可预防的，可防止的 2．harmony n．融洽相处，和谐→________ adj．和谐的，和睦的 3．harm v．伤害，损害→________ adj．有害的→__________ adj．无害的 4．agriculture n．农业→________ adj．农业的 5．consume vt．吃；喝；饮；消耗→__________n．消费者→_________n．消费；消耗 6．prior adj．较重要的；先前的；较早的→________ n．优先处理的事，当务之急 7．limit n．限度，界限 v．限制→________ adj．有限的→________ adj．无限制的；无止境的 8．benefit n．好处，益处 v．使受益；得益于→________ adj．有利的，有用的 9．pleasant adj．令人愉快的→__________ v．使愉快→________ adj．高兴的，满意的→________n．愉快；乐事 10．energy n．力量，活力→________ adj．精力充沛的；积极的 1．I worked hard in an attempt to finish the task in the ________(limit) time． 2．We suggest replacing the present chairman with a younger，more ________(energy) person． 3．Making your stay here as comfortable as possible is our No．1 ________(prior)． 4．There is a general awareness that smoking is ________(harm)． 5．It is a ________(harmony) community where pupils are happy and industrious． 6．Shandong Province is famous for its abundant ________(agriculture) resources． 7．The island is equally attractive in spring and autumn because of the ________(please) weather in both seasons． 8．Many accidents are ________ so we must pay attention to the ________ of them．(prevent)
Ⅲ．重点短语
会书写 会应用
1．________________ 远至…… 2．________________ 从底部到顶部 3．________________ 费尽周折做某事 4．________________ 与……协调一致；与……和谐相处 5．________________ 连接；与……联系 6．________________ 以……为食 7．________________ 大量的，许多的 8．________________ 除……一样；除了 9．________________ 对……有益 10．________________ 对……有疑问；怀疑 11．________________ 思考；沉思 12．________________ 各种各样的 13．________________ 对……有影响 14．________________ 与……一致，与……融为 一体 1．Your ability has never ____________ — the question is whether you are prepared to work hard． 2．Living ____________ others is easier said than done，especially in a world filled with conflicts． 3．We must ____________ the influence of the violence on TV program on children． 4．All animals including men ____________ plants or other animals． 5．There are ____________ graduates anxious to find good jobs every year in that country． 6．Most large cities ____________ business and high life，but not for families on holiday． 7．There was nothing else to be seen but the limitless sea of wheat ____________ the eye could reach． 8．We grow ____________ crops，including cabbages，wheat and barley．
Ⅳ．重点句型
会记忆 会仿写
1．无生命名词作主语Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice． 1．这个体育场见证了许多激动人心的足球比赛。 ________________ many thrilling football games．
2．as...as...“像……一样……”Reaching as far as the eye can see，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top． 2．这部电影和我们上周看的那部一样令人兴奋。 This movie is ____________the one we watched last week．
3．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass，some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them． 3．没有比在下午喝一杯咖啡更好的了。 There's ________________________ in the afternoon．
“人与自然和谐相处”主题，属于人与自然主题语境下一个重要的子主题。教材中涉及龙脊梯田的开垦原因及运作原理、旅游景点中自然景观的介绍、探险经历，激发学生了解人类生活与大自然之间的关联性的兴趣，最终形成尊重自然、合理利用自然、与自然和谐相处的意识。
PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas：narrow，dry，flat land running along the coast，the Andes Mountains，and the Amazon rainforest．
In the 1400s and 1500s，Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire．The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu．Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821．It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru．
TRAVEL PERU
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest．From there，you'll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest．You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest．
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu．After reaching your destination，you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city．Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building．Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones．
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco，the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century．Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire the architecture，enjoy the excellent local food，and go shopping at the local markets．
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca．There，a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days．Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake．
So come and experience what Peru has to offer：everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests，high mountains，and a beautiful coastline．
For more brochures about other package tours around Peru，please contact us on our official website．
词汇积累 1．Peru 秘鲁(国家名) 2．flat adj． 平坦的；扁平的 n． 公寓；单元房 3．emperor n． 皇帝 4．official adj． 官方的；正式的；公务的 n． 官员；要员 5．flight n． 空中航行；航班；航程 6．destination n． 目的地；终点 7．architecture n． 建筑设计；建筑学 8．brochure n． 资料(或广告)手册 9．package tour 包价旅游
1．What is the author's intention of writing the article
A．To recommend four tourist attractions of Peru．
B．To tell people to travel as often as possible．
C．To encourage people to do outdoor activities．
D．To ask people to learn more about Peru．
2．Why is Spanish the main official language of Peru
A．Because the Inca emperor lived in Peru．
B．Because Spain controlled Peru for a long time．
C．Because Peru was the centre of the ancient Spain．
D．Because people were forced to speak Spanish．
3．What may attract visitors most when they visit Lake Titicaca
A．Visitors can enjoy the beautiful view．
B．Visitors are required to drive for a day．
C．Visitors can get to know a local Uros family．
D．Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake．
4．Where does this text probably come from
A．An agricultural magazine．
B．A medical journey．
C．An engineering textbook．
D．A tourist brochure．
Period 7
Ⅰ．1．expert 2．rented 3．published 4．climate 5．soil 6．shallow 7．crops 8．wrapped 9．dynasties 10．replaced
Ⅱ．会书写
1．prevention；preventable 2．harmonious 3．harmful；harmless 4．agricultural 5．consumer；consumption 6．priority 7．limited；limitless 8．beneficial 9．please；pleased；pleasure 10．energetic
会应用
1．limited 2．energetic 3．priority 4．harmful 5．harmonious 6．agricultural 7．pleasant 8．preventable；
prevention
Ⅲ．会书写
1．as far as 2．from the bottom to the very top 3．go to the trouble to do sth． 4．in harmony with 5．connect with 6．feed on 7．plenty of 8．as well as 9．be good for 10．be in doubt 11．reflect on 12．a variety of 13．have an effect on 14．be at one with
会应用
1．been in doubt 2．in harmony with 3．reflect on 4．feed on 5．plenty of 6．are good for 7．as far as 8．a variety of
Ⅳ．1．This stadium has seen 2．as exciting as 3．nothing better than a cup of coffee
主题升华 教考衔接
1－4 ABDD
1/1(共124张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
Unit 6
At one with nature
主题语境 人与自然——人类生存与环境的关系
Period 7 单元回顾 默写背诵(At one with nature)
Ⅰ．核心单词
1．The police are ______ (内行的) at handling situations like this in strict confidence．
2．The family ______ (租用) a former church in downtown Portland to hold a concert．
3．Mark Twain wrote an autobiography that could only be _________ (出版) 100 years after his death．
4．The Mediterranean _______ (气候) is good for growing citrus fruits and grapes．
5．Water the plant regularly，never letting the ____ (土壤) dry out．
expert
rented
published
climate
soil
6．These fish are found in _______ (浅的) waters around the coast．
7．Rice farmers here still plant and harvest their _____ (庄稼) by hand．
8．It was so cold outside that he _______ (裹) a scarf tightly around his face．
9．During the Tang and Song _________ (朝代)，landscape painting became popular．
10．Teachers will never be ________ (代替) with computers in the classroom．
shallow
crops
wrapped
dynasties
replaced
Ⅱ．拓展词汇
会书写
1．prevent v．阻挡，防止→__________ n．预防，防止→___________ adj．可预防的，可防止的
2．harmony n．融洽相处，和谐→__________ adj．和谐的，和睦的
3．harm v．伤害，损害→_______ adj．有害的→________ adj．无害的
4．agriculture n．农业→____________ adj．农业的
prevention
preventable
harmonious
harmful
harmless
agricultural
会书写
5．consume vt．吃；喝；饮；消耗→________ n．消费者→___________ n．消费；消耗
6．prior adj．较重要的；先前的；较早的→________ n．优先处理的事，当务之急
7．limit n．限度，界限 v．限制→_______ adj．有限的→_________ adj．无限制的；无止境的
consumer
consumption
priority
limited
limitless
会书写
8．benefit n．好处，益处 v．使受益；得益于→__________ adj．有利的，有用的
9．pleasant adj．令人愉快的→______ v．使愉快→_______ adj．高兴的，满意的→__________n．愉快；乐事
10．energy n．力量，活力→_________ adj．精力充沛的；积极的
beneficial
please
pleased
pleasure
energetic
会应用
1．I worked hard in an attempt to finish the task in the _______ (limit) time．
2．We suggest replacing the present chairman with a younger，more _________ (energy) person．
3．Making your stay here as comfortable as possible is our No．1 ________ (prior)．
4．There is a general awareness that smoking is _______ (harm)．
limited
energetic
priority
harmful
会应用
5．It is a __________ (harmony) community where pupils are happy and industrious．
6．Shandong Province is famous for its abundant ____________ (agriculture) resources．
7．The island is equally attractive in spring and autumn because of the ________ (please) weather in both seasons．
8．Many accidents are ___________ so we must pay attention to the __________ of them．(prevent)
harmonious
agricultural
pleasant
preventable
prevention
Ⅲ．重点短语
会书写
1．___________ 远至……
2．_____________________________________ 从底部到顶部
3．___________________________________费尽周折做某事
4．_________________ 与……协调一致；与……和谐相处
5．_____________ 连接；与……联系
6．________ 以……为食
7．__________ 大量的，许多的
as far as
from the bottom to the very top
go to the trouble to do sth．
in harmony with
connect with
feed on
plenty of
会书写
8．____________ 除……一样；除了
9．_____________ 对……有益
10．_____________ 对……有疑问；怀疑
11．___________ 思考；沉思
12．______________ 各种各样的
13．____________________ 对……有影响
14．_________________ 与……一致，与……融为一体
as well as
be good for
be in doubt
reflect on
a variety of
have an effect on
be at one with
会应用
1．Your ability has never _______________ — the question is whether you are prepared to work hard．
2．Living _________________ others is easier said than done，especially in a world filled with conflicts．
3．We must ___________ the influence of the violence on TV program on children．
4．All animals including men ________ plants or other animals．
been in doubt
in harmony with
reflect on
feed on
会应用
5．There are __________ graduates anxious to find good jobs every year in that country．
6．Most large cities ______________ business and high life，but not for families on holiday．
7．There was nothing else to be seen but the limitless sea of wheat ___________ the eye could reach．
8．We grow ______________ crops，including cabbages，wheat and barley．
plenty of
are good for
as far as
a variety of
Ⅳ．重点句型
会记忆 会仿写
1．无生命名词作主语 Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice． 1．这个体育场见证了许多激动人心的足球比赛。
________________________ many thrilling football games．
This stadium has seen
会记忆 会仿写
2．as...as...“像……一样……” Reaching as far as the eye can see，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top． 2．这部电影和我们上周看的那部一样令人兴奋。
This movie is __________________the one we watched last week．
as exciting as
会记忆 会仿写
3．“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级含义 And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass，some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them． 3．没有比在下午喝一杯咖啡更好的了。
There's _________________
________________________ in the afternoon．
nothing better than a cup of coffee
“人与自然和谐相处”主题，属于人与自然主题语境下一个重要的子主题。教材中涉及龙脊梯田的开垦原因及运作原理、旅游景点中自然景观的介绍、探险经历，激发学生了解人类生活与大自然之间的关联性的兴趣，最终形成尊重自然、合理利用自然、与自然和谐相处的意识。
PERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas：narrow，dry，flat land running along the coast，the Andes Mountains，and the Amazon rainforest．
In the 1400s and 1500s，Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire．The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu．Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821．It is for this reason that Spanish is the main official language of Peru．
TRAVEL PERU
Amazon Rainforest Tour
A short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest．From there，you'll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest．You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the rainforest．
Machu Picchu Tour
This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu．After reaching your destination，you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city．Especially amazing is the Incas' dry stone method of building．Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones．
Cusco Tour
Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco，the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century．Stay in a local hotel，visit the museums，admire the architecture，enjoy the excellent local food，and go shopping at the local markets．
Lake Titicaca Tour
Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca．There，a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days．Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake．
So come and experience what Peru has to offer：everything from the ancient Inca culture and centuries-old Spanish villages to deep rainforests，high mountains，and a beautiful coastline．
For more brochures about other package tours around Peru，please contact us on our official website．
词汇积累
1．Peru 秘鲁(国家名)
2．flat adj． 平坦的；扁平的
n． 公寓；单元房
3．emperor n． 皇帝
4．official adj． 官方的；正式的；公务的
n． 官员；要员
5．flight n． 空中航行；航班；航程
6．destination n． 目的地；终点
7．architecture n． 建筑设计；建筑学
8．brochure n． 资料(或广告)手册
9．package tour 包价旅游
1．What is the author's intention of writing the article
A．To recommend four tourist attractions of Peru．
B．To tell people to travel as often as possible．
C．To encourage people to do outdoor activities．
D．To ask people to learn more about Peru．
√
2．Why is Spanish the main official language of Peru
A．Because the Inca emperor lived in Peru．
B．Because Spain controlled Peru for a long time．
C．Because Peru was the centre of the ancient Spain．
D．Because people were forced to speak Spanish．
√
3．What may attract visitors most when they visit Lake Titicaca
A．Visitors can enjoy the beautiful view．
B．Visitors are required to drive for a day．
C．Visitors can get to know a local Uros family．
D．Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake．
√
4．Where does this text probably come from
A．An agricultural magazine．
B．A medical journey．
C．An engineering textbook．
D．A tourist brochure．
√
单元综合检测(三) (Unit 5 & Unit 6)
(时间：100分钟 满分：120分)
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The following are four once-in-a-lifetime mountain hikes．
The Inca Trail，Peru
The Inca Trail offers a seven-day hike focusing on unique Peruvian culture．Led by our well-informed guides，you'll see some historical villages，visit an old-fashioned coffee farm，and attend a traditional offering to “Pachamama”．After a long day on your feet，relax with a traditional Peruvian meal and have a night's rest in a local cottage(村舍)．
The Dolomites，Italy
The On Foot Holidays' self-guided hike through the Dolomites covers the grassland of South Tyrol，the famous peaks of the Tre Cime di Lavaredo and the amazing town of Cortina d'Ampezzo．You'll climb from the Falzarego Pass，cross through to the Col dei Bos and up Mt．Lagazuoi，with its network of World War Ⅰ tunnels．
Mount Kilimanjaro，Tanzania
More than 19，000 feet above sea level，Mount Kilimanjaro，an inactive volcano，is Africa's highest mountain．Climbing it is a multi-day trip through five climate zones．Duma Explorer offers several different routes(路线)up Kilimanjaro—the most popular are the seven-day Machame route，eight-day Lemosho route and a nine-day trip via the Northern Circuit．Hikes include camping equipment，meals and guides．
Chilkoot Trail，Alaska
In 1897，the Chilkoot Trail was changed from a sleepy trade route into a busy road，as part of the Gold Rush．The rush dried up within a year，but you can follow in the boomers' footsteps with Alaska Shore Hikes，through thick forests and up the Sainly Hill．Then it's a peaceful raft(木筏)ride along the Taiya River．A six-hour hike provided tourists with transportation，safety equipment and guides．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四条最佳徒步旅行路线。
1．Which of the following is suitable for hikers without guides
A．The Inca Trail，Peru．
B．The Dolomites，Italy．
C．Chilkoot Trail，Alaska．
D．Mount Kilimanjaro，Tanzania．
√
B [细节理解题。根据The Dolomites，Italy中的“The On Foot Holidays' self-guided hike”可知，这条线路不需要导游，是自导。]
2．What can we know from the text
A．Chilkoot Trail used to be a busy road．
B．Hikers will cover five climate zones in the Inca Trail．
C．It just takes six hours to finish the Chilkoot Trail route．
D．Hikers can visit an old-fashioned coffee farm in Mount Kilimanjaro．
√
C [细节理解题。根据Chilkoot Trail，Alaska中的“In 1897，the Chilkoot Trail was changed from a sleepy trade route into a busy road”可知，A项错误；根据Mount Kilimanjaro，Tanzania中的“Climbing it is a multi-day trip through five climate zones．”可知，B项错误；根据The Inca Trail，Peru中的“visit an old-fashioned coffee farm”可知，D项错误；根据Chilkoot Trail，Alaska中的“A six-hour hike provided tourists with transportation，safety equipment and guides．”可知，C项正确。]
3．From which is the text probably taken from
A．An encyclopedia．
B．A geography book．
C．A science report．
D．A travel brochure．
√
D [文章出处题。根据第一段“The following are four once-in-a-lifetime mountain hikes．”可知，本文为游客提供了几条徒步旅行的最佳路线。因此来源于旅游指南。]
B
For the past few years，I've taken my vacation in the spring．One April I planned to visit a friend in Nepal who had lived in the country for over 15 years．
I flew into Kathmandu and spent a week visiting sites，and on Friday，April 24，2015，we went to Lukla，a mountain town to the northeast．My friend had worked there before．We visited a nearby village on Saturday．We were served a delicious pancake and endless cups of milk tea; villagers made small talk and caught up with each other．After a couple of hours，my friend and I made a polite exit(离去) for a coffee break across the dirt path to our lodging，a house he had lived in while working in Lukla years ago．
As we sat in the kitchen taking a rest，I wondered why it felt like an underground was running under the village．As the sound started to shake，I looked out the window at the passers-by and thought it felt like a truck was driving by—impossible in this village．I looked at my friend and he said off-handedly，“It's an earthquake．” Before I could ask questions，he began shouting to get out of the house．By the time I was running down the dirt path，I couldn't run straight．
Away from buildings，we lowered our bodies near a low wall，and unbelievably before our eyes，walls and buildings fell．In front of us the end wall of the house we slept in collapsed(倒塌)，the stones dislodging(移开)and falling to the ground．In a matter of seconds，every house in the village was damaged(损坏)，with walls either seriously cracked(破裂)，or partially or completely damaged．
In the days and weeks that followed we checked in with friends and shared stories of where we were and what we were doing．The event was so wide-reaching that it was difficult to understand except through personal stories．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者讲述了自己在尼泊尔时遭遇地震的经历。
4．What did the author do in Nepal
A．He visited his friend．
B．He tried to look for a job．
C．He built a house for villagers．
D．He moved to a village to enjoy life．
√
A [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“One April I planned to visit a friend in Nepal who had lived in the country for over 15 years．”以及第二段中的“I flew into Kathmandu and spent a week visiting sites，and on Friday，April 24，2015，we went to Lukla，a mountain town to the northeast．”可知，作者去尼泊尔拜访了他的朋友，两人一起在尼泊尔游玩。]
5．Which of the following can best describe the villagers
A．Shy． B．Bored．
C．Friendly． D．Humorous．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We visited a nearby village on Saturday．We were served a delicious pancake and endless cups of milk tea; villagers made small talk and caught up with each other．”可推知，那个村子里的人们都很友善、热情。]
6．What happened when the author stayed in the kitchen
A．He was injured by a collapsed wall．
B．An earthquake struck the village．
C．A truck drove by the village．
D．He missed the train．
√
B [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As we sat in the kitchen taking a rest...I looked at my friend and he said off-handedly，‘It's an earthquake．’”可知，当作者待在厨房时，地震袭击了这个村庄。]
7．What can we infer about the village in paragraph 4
A．It was left empty．
B．It was quite peaceful．
C．It was badly damaged．
D．It was attractive to visitors．
√
C [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“In front of us the end wall of the house we slept in collapsed，the stones dislodging and falling to the ground．In a matter of seconds，every house in the village was damaged，with walls either seriously cracked，or partially or completely damaged．”可推知，村庄在地震中严重受损。]
C
How long do donkeys(驴) live？Do they live longer than horses？Donkeys can live for quite a number of years，although there are many things to consider that will enable a donkey to live a long and healthy life．In the wild，donkeys can live into their mid-teens，while domesticated(驯养) donkeys can live a much longer life．It's generally considered that an aged donkey is one that is over 20 years old，but many donkeys live into their 30s，with some going on into their 40s，or extremely rarely，their fifth decade．This is more the case in donkeys kept as pets rather than as working donkeys．
Donkeys tend to live longer than horses live，and this comes down to biological reasons and species differences．As equines(马科动物) age，it becomes more difficult for them to bite their food into pieces and take in the energy they need to maintain a healthy body weight．For horses，this can be a real problem．However，a donkey's digestive(消化的) system is much more efficient，meaning a donkey only requires 50%—75% of the food that a horse of a similar size would need．Their ability to get the energy out of their food，will be able to help them survive on a diet that wouldn't support a horse of the same size and weight．
Domestic donkeys first came from the African wild donkeys，who lived in the difficult，dry environment of areas of Northeast Africa．This means they are better suited feeding on bushes(灌木) and are better suited surviving on wild vegetation．
That is one of the reasons why domestication has helped both species，and how specific feed，such as short-cut，enables both species to get the nutrition they need．At international animal welfare charity，The Donkey Sanctuary，part of their ongoing care as donkeys age is to alter their diet as suitable．The care they get there will hopefully see them living a healthy，happy life．
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了驴的驯养方式对其寿命的影响并分析了驴比马寿命更长的原因。
8．At what age do donkeys start to be considered old
A．20． B．30．
C．40． D．50．
√
A [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“It's generally considered that an aged donkey is one that is over 20 years old”可知，超过20岁的驴就被认为是老龄驴，故选A。]
9．What affects how long a domestic donkey lives according to the text
A．Its size．
B．Its food choice．
C．Which country it comes from．
D．Whether it's a pet or a working animal．
√
D [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“It's generally considered that an aged donkey is one that is over 20 years old，but many donkeys live into their 30s，with some going on into their 40s，or extremely rarely，their fifth decade．This is more the case in donkeys kept as pets rather than as working donkeys．”可知，作为宠物饲养的驴比作为工作动物饲养的驴活得更久。]
10．Why do donkeys live longer than horses
A．Donkeys like eating short-cut plants．
B．Donkeys have better digestive ability．
C．Donkeys prefer various kinds of food．
D．Donkeys have better living conditions．
√
B [细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“However，a donkey's digestive system is much more efficient，meaning a donkey only requires 50%—75% of the food that a horse of a similar size would need．”可知，驴的消化能力更好。]
11．What does the underlined word “alter” in the last paragraph mean
A．Increase． B．Reduce．
C．Doubt． D．Change．
√
D [词义猜测题。根据画线词alter前文的内容“That is one of the reasons why domestication has helped both species，and how specific feed，such as short-cut，enables both species to get the nutrition they need．”可知，前文提到需要特定的喂养方式，因此随着驴年龄的变化，护理它们的工作也在变化，故此处画线词alter与D项“改变”意思相近，年龄在增长，护理工作在变化，因此饮食也需要变化。]
D
As the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) says，to avoid a too-hot world，we need to do all we can right now to control greenhouse gas emissions(排放)．The fashion industry makes up to 10% of global emissions—more than aviation and shipping．It also causes other problems，like biodiversity loss，pollution，landfill problems and unsafe work．
It's not the first time that people have changed their clothes for a crisis(危机)．During World War Ⅱ，clothing styles in the UK and Australia changed．With the aim of saving energy，short skirts，little detail and a focus on usefulness became normal．Now，the best thing we can do is buy fewer new clothes and wear them longer by controlling our desire．
Australians buy a lot of clothing，about 56 pieces a year．That makes them the second biggest country after the USA，whose people buy many clothes．Clothing prices have dropped a lot in the past few years and people have more clothes．
The Hot or Cool Institute in Berlin says a wardrobe(衣柜) of 74 pieces of clothing (including shoes but not underwear) is enough for people in a two-season climate and 85 for those in a four-season climate like most Australians．If we buy 10 to 12 new things a year，we can replace our clothing in about seven years．
If we care about sustainable(可持续的) development，we need to change our choices that don't fit the climate crisis．Clothes should show a person's situation and identity．This might mean our clothes change as we make different buying decisions，like in World War Ⅱ．We might look different，but that change shows our values in action．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。时装行业的排放量占全球排放量的10%，给应对气候危机带来了很大压力，作者在文章中提倡改变价值观念，减少衣物的购买和浪费，过可持续的生活。
12．What does the author stress in the first paragraph
A．The problems brought by the fashion industry．
B．The bad influences of greenhouse gas emissions．
C．The importance of reducing greenhouse gases．
D．The necessity of developing the fashion industry．
√
A [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The fashion industry makes up to 10% of global emissions—more than aviation and shipping...landfill problems and unsafe work．”可知，作者在第一段中强调了时装行业带来的问题。]
13．Why were clothing styles changed during World War Ⅱ in the UK
A．To follow the fashion．
B．To save energy．
C．To increase clothing production．
D．To develop a healthier lifestyle．
√
B [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During World War Ⅱ，clothing styles in the UK and Australia changed．With the aim of saving energy，short skirts，little detail and a focus on usefulness became normal．”可知，二战期间英国的服装风格发生变化是为了节约能源。]
14．What does the Berlin-based Hot or Cool Institute suggest doing
A．Avoiding buying expensive clothes．
B．Clearing up one's wardrobe in time．
C．Controlling the number of clothes we buy．
D．Replacing one's wardrobe when necessary．
√
C [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The Hot or Cool Institute in Berlin says a wardrobe of 74 pieces of clothing...If we buy 10 to 12 new things a year，we can replace our clothing in about seven years．”可知，总部位于柏林的冷热研究所的建议侧重于限制我们购买衣服的数量。]
15．What can be the most suitable title for the text
A．Shop Less and Dress Properly
B．Wear Wisely and Live Sustainably
C．How Many Clothes Should We Buy Every Year
D．What Should We Wear to Cut Greenhouse Gas Emissions
√
B [标题归纳题。根据最后一段内容可知，文章主要是讲为了应对气候危机，我们需要改变价值观念，减少衣物的购买和浪费，过可持续的生活，B项“明智穿着，可持续生活”符合文意。]
第二节(共5小题； 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Tips for Starting Your Own Travel Blog
Travel stories always make for very interesting reads．It's great to know what's happening elsewhere in the world．Have you ever thought about starting your own travel stories？ 16 1
Write down your reasons for starting the blog．
17 Maybe you want to keep your friends updated about your travels，to help fellow travellers to travel smarter，or to discuss the beauties of this world．Writing down the reasons will give you clarity of thought，a direction，and a purpose．
18 1
Now that you know why you're starting the blog，make a list of things you want to cover in your writing．Every blog must have a focus．Do you want to give your readers stories？Do you want to tell your readers about places？This way you'll be telling your readers what to expect from your blog．
Name your blog intelligently (明智地)．
Now that you have a clear picture about why and what you want to write，think of a name for your blog． 19 A long，confusing name will not only be difficult to remember but also lead to you losing out on potential repeat visitors．
Don't let the numbers get you down．
Initially，not many people will visit your blog． 20 You might feel a little depressed seeing shallow figures，but your efforts will pay off in the long run．Keep at it and stick to the plan．Slowly and steadily your readers will grow in number．
These tips for starting your own travel blog will not only help you to work smarter，but also ensure that your readers get the very best from you．It is a good idea to start now and make a name for yourself and your blog．Best of luck．
A．Post continuously and regularly．
B．Decide what you want to write and for whom．
C．Why is it that you want to start a travel blog
D．Maybe only your friends and family will read your blog．
E．The name should be easy for people to remember．
F．You need to have some special experiences in travelling to start a blog．
G．Here is some advice on travel writing and some great ways to start your own travel blog．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要谈论写旅行博客的一些建议。
16．G [上文“Have you ever thought about starting your own travel stories？”提出问题：你有没有想过开始自己的旅行故事？下文介绍了一些建议，G项承上启下，符合语境。]
17．C [根据本段主题句“Write down your reasons for starting the blog．”和下文“Maybe you want to keep your friends updated about your travels，to help fellow travellers to travel smarter，or to discuss the beauties of this world．”可知，本段是关于写博客的原因，C项符合语境。]
18．B [根据本段中“Now that you know why you're starting the blog，make a list of things you want to cover in your writing．”可知，本段是关于博客的内容，B项符合语境。]
19．E [根据上文“think of a name for your blog”和下文“A long，confusing name will not only be difficult to remember but also lead to you losing out on potential repeat visitors．”可知，此处是关于取名字，且指出了长的、令人难以理解的名字的弊端，E项符合语境。]
20．D [根据上文“Initially，not many people will visit your blog．”可知，最初没有多少人会访问你的博客，D项与前面意思一致。]
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Don't Take the Fun Out of Youth Sports
When I joined a private football league a few years ago，the sport meant everything to me．
My coach said that I had lots of potential and I became captain of my 21 ．That was before all the fun was taken out of playing．At first，everyone on the team got 22 playing time．Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games and the 23 3
started．Some parents，who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have 24 one-on-one training，got angry when she didn't give them more playing time in our matches．The coach was 25 ．The new coach，however，took all the fun out of the game: all we did during practice was run．I always wished that it would rain so we would not
have the 26 ．Of course，all teams run drills(操练); they are 27 ．
But we ran so much that，afterwards，we had trouble 28 ．Younger people shouldn't be doing exercises intended for 18-year-olds．I was very thin 29 I started football，but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much，because I was afraid of being too 30 to run．I feared making mistakes and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual share．Is all this pressure necessary
I 31 up leaving the football team．Four other girls did the same，and two of them stopped playing football completely．That's 32 ，because they had so much potential．They were just burned-out with all the pressure they felt from the coach or their parents．I continued playing football at school and 33 my love for it．I joined a private team coached by my school coach．When I started playing for him，he told me I needed to 34 because I looked nervous．After 35 down，I played better．When you enjoy something，it's a lot easier to do it well．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者加入足球队后，由于教练和家长的压力，失去了对足球的兴趣，最终离开球队的经历。
21．A．class B．club
C．team D．board
√
C [根据前文的“When I joined a private football league”和“I became captain of my”可知，作者参加的是足球队，因此这里表示他成了球队的队长。]
22．A．great B．equal
C．right D．extra
√
B [根据后文的“playing time”以及“Some parents，who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have one-on-one training，got angry when she didn't give them more playing time in our matches．”可知，后来有些家长通过给教练额外的费用来让自己的孩子获得更多的上场时间，因此这里表示起初每个人的上场时间是平等的。]
23．A．business B．struggle
C．attempt D．pressure
√
D [根据后文的“Some parents，who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have one-on-one training，got angry when she didn't give them more playing time in our matches．”以及“I feared making mistakes and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual share．Is all this pressure necessary？”可知，家长们因为孩子上场时间少而生气，这反映了球队内部的压力开始增加，作者后文也陈述了作为足球队队员的压力。]
24．A．free B．private
C．good D．basic
√
B [根据前文的“paid the coach extra”可知，家长们给了教练额外的费用，因此这里表示他们希望自己的孩子能得到一对一的私人训练。]
25．A．replaced B．criticized
C．changed D．challenged
√
A [根据后文的“The new coach”可知，后文描述新教练的做法，这里表示教练被换掉了。]
26．A．duty B．meeting
C．operation D．training
√
D [根据前文的“The new coach，however，took all the fun out of the game: all we did during practice was run．I always wished that it would rain so we would not have the”可知，作者不喜欢新的训练方法，这里表示作者希望下雨以避免训练。]
27．A．necessary B．boring
C．scientific D．practical
√
A [根据前文的“Of course，all teams run drills; they are”和常识可知，球队进行操练是必要的，以提高球员的技能和配合能力。]
28．A．speaking B．moving
C．sleeping D．breathing
√
D [根据前文的“But we ran so much that，afterwards，we had trouble”可知，作者她们跑得太多了，以至于后来呼吸困难。]
29．A．till B．since
C．before D．because
√
C [根据后文的“I started football，but as a member of this team I wouldn't eat much，because I was afraid of being too______to run．”可知，这里指的是开始踢足球之前作者的身体情况。]
30．A．full B．tired
C．lazy D．big
√
A [根据前文的“I wouldn't eat much，because I was afraid of being too”和后文的“to run”可知，作者害怕吃得太饱而影响跑步。]
31．A．gave B．kept
C．ended D．picked
√
C [根据前文的“I feared making mistakes and the added pressure caused me to make more than my usual share．Is all this pressure necessary？”以及后文的“up leaving the football team．Four other girls did the same，and two of them stopped playing football completely”可知，作者压力很大，作者和其他几个女孩最终都离开了足球队。]
32．A．sad B．shameful
C．silly D．serious
√
A [根据后文的“because they had so much potential”可知，这些女孩有很大的潜力，但她们却因为压力而放弃了足球，所以这里表示这是很可悲的。]
33．A．reconsidered B．rediscovered
C．reformed D．replaced
√
B [根据前文的“I continued playing football at school”以及后文的“my love for it”、“I joined a private team coached by my school coach”可知，作者在学校继续踢足球的过程中重新发现了对足球的热爱，所以后来作者才加入了一个由学校教练指导的私人球队。]
34．A．quit B．improve
C．relax D．inspire
√
C [根据后文的“because I looked nervous”可知，作者看起来很紧张，所以教练告诉作者需要放松。]
35．A．fell B．stepped
C．slowed D．calmed
√
D [根据前文的“he told me I needed to________________because I looked nervous”以及后文的“down，I played better”可知，教练告诉作者需要放松，作者在冷静下来之后踢得更好了。]
第二节(共10小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese netizens recently expressed 36．________________ (amaze) at a map online clearly marking the country's historic relics(遗迹)．The map 37．________________ (make) by Wu Yunjie，who was born in the 1990s．38．________________ (interest) in history，Wu would often spend his spare time in travelling around the country and 39．___________ (explore) ancient sites when he was in college．
amazement
was made
Interested
exploring
In 2020，he started collecting information 40．_____ cultural relics and uploaded the data to mapping software．As many historical sites in rural areas cannot be located 41．_______ (exact)，Wu did a lot of field research．“The job is rather difficult but I have much joy in it．I'm happy 42．____________ (make) people more aware of the huge and rich historical heritage(遗产) from China's long history，” he said．
on
exactly
to make
Now，the map includes nearly 10，000 historical landmarks．Many valuable temples，bridges and towers 43．________ have been lost in the country are also shown on the map．One post online said，“The ancient tower is around my house on the map！I can't wait to visit 44．_____．”
to make
it
However，in Wu's eyes，the map is just 45．__ step forward，as it records a very small part of the cultural relics in the country，and he still has a long way to go．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了吴运杰绘制的清晰标明中国历史遗迹的地图。
a
36．amazement [考查词性转换。分析句子可知，expressed为谓语动词，空格处应用名词，作宾语，amazement意为“惊讶”，为不可数名词。故填amazement。]
37．was made [考查时态、语态及主谓一致。分析句子可知，句子陈述的是过去的事，主语map为单数，其和make之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was made。]
38．Interested [考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词spend，故空格处应用非谓语动词，be interested in...意为“对……感兴趣”，故应用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Interested。]
39．exploring [考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“spend＋时间＋(in) doing sth．”，意为“花费时间做某事”，故填exploring。]
40．on [考查介词。分析句子可知，句中指“关于文物的信息”，故空格处应用介词on，意为“关于”。]
41．exactly [考查词性转换。分析句子可知，“cannot be located”为谓语动词，空格处应用副词，作状语，故填exactly。]
42．to make [考查非谓语动词。be happy to do sth．“很高兴做某事”，故填to make。]
43．that/which [考查定语从句。分析句子可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“Many valuable temples，bridges and towers”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。]
44．it [考查代词。分析句子可知，参观的是上文提到的古塔，tower为可数名词单数，指物，应用it替代。]
45．a [考查冠词。分析句子可知，句中泛指一步，step为可数名词单数，发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。]
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
为了唤起全球青少年一代的环保意识，联合国环境规划署向全球发起了“如何保护环境”的建议征集活动，请你以学校学生会主席的名义写一份倡议书。内容包括：
1．保护环境是我们中学生的职责；
2．保护环境的具体措施；
3．呼吁为地球母亲尽一份力。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear friends，
Do you want to live in a beautiful world？So it is our duty to protect the environment．____________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
Thank you!
Students' Union
【参考范文】
Dear friends，
Do you want to live in a beautiful world？So it is our duty to protect the environment．To reach this goal，we should keep the following in mind．
First，walking to school is a good way to reduce pollution．Second，we should plant trees every spring to protect the soil from being washed away．Third，it's also important to recycle everything useful．Besides，we should keep our school clean by picking up any litter．Finally，remember to turn off the water taps after finishing washing and turn off the lights when leaving the classroom．
In a word，only when we form the good habit of environmental protection can we make the earth more beautiful tomorrow．Let's take action to protect our mother — the earth now!
Thank you!
Students' Union
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
David worked as the cleaner in the same school for 25 years，and he considered his job an important part of his life．Besides keeping the school clean，he was always ready to help teachers carry books from the library to the classroom．Anyone who needed help in school knew they could count on David．
Decades ago，his wife suddenly passed away soon after their marriage，and since then，David had been living alone．
After returning home from work，David often read cooking magazines because of his passion for baking(烘焙)．He would bring freshly baked cookies and bread to school every week and serve them to the teachers．
“Wow！They're so delicious，David！” Samantha，the English teacher，told him．She was one of the teachers that enjoyed David's love and praised his efforts．
David felt he was losing his strength as he turned old．He'd turn 75 in a week．He thought he should retire(退休)．He told Samantha and other teachers what he had been thinking，“I'm planning to retire．I think there must be someone else who might need this job to make a living．”
“Oh！David！We'll miss you if that happens，” the teachers cried．“We don't want you to leave！” David smiled and told them，“You know I don't have a wife to look after or kids to raise，so money isn't what has kept me going all these years．Your care and praise have encouraged me to work hard．”
The next day，David went into the headmaster's office and told him about his decision．“Are you sure，David？You're an excellent member of our school，and letting you go isn't easy for us，” the headmaster said．“Thank you，Sir，” David said．“But I feel I'm getting weaker，and it's become difficult for me to keep the school clean．So my decision is final．” The headmaster agreed eventually．
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
The day before David's 75th birthday was his last day at work．_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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The next day after work，Samantha，with other teachers，went to see David with a big cake．____________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
The day before David's 75th birthday was his last day at work．Before leaving the school that day，he said goodbye to all the teachers and gifted them baked cookies．“Thank you for your hard work and delicious cookies，David！” Samantha and other teachers said．Later that day，Samantha suddenly realized it was David's birthday the next day．Every year，they would celebrate his birthday in school by buying a cake for him．“We need to celebrate his birthday！” Samantha told the other teachers．“We should visit David's house tomorrow．” “Good idea！” they all agreed．
The next day after work，Samantha，with other teachers，went to see David with a big cake．They drove to David's house and knocked on his door．Seeing the teachers standing on his doorstep，he covered his mouth with his hands，“What a pleasant surprise！Please come in！” David was so happy to see all the teachers in his house．“Happy birthday to you...” the teachers sang the song to David，who was touched greatly．After learning old David felt lonely，Samantha and other teachers promised to come to see him every Saturday．They thought it was time to return love to him now．
谢 谢！
