Period 3 语言知识讲练(Understanding ideas)
1．(教材原句)So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces
*go to the trouble to do sth．费尽周折做某事
take the trouble to do sth． 不辞辛劳地做某事
ask for trouble 自找麻烦
make trouble 制造麻烦
in trouble 处于困境中
get into trouble 陷入困境
have trouble with.../in doing... (做)……有困难
单句语法填空/单句写作
①I don't think I'll go to so much trouble ____________(repair) this old bike．
②(应用文写作之观点表达)As is known to us all，if we are ________ trouble，it is not our phones but our friends that can really help us out．
③(应用文写作之人物介绍)Whenever we have trouble ________ our studies，our teachers always help us patiently．
④(应用文写作之求助信)由于担心我在设计汽车模型时会遇到麻烦，我写信是向你寻求一些建议。
Worried that I may ________________________________，I'm writing to ask you for some suggestions．
2．(教材原句)The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away．
*prevent v．阻挡，防止(prevention n．预防，防止；preventable adj．可预防的，可防止的)
(1)prevent/stop...(from) doing sth．＝keep...from doing sth．
阻止……做某事
(2)protect...from 防止……免受……保护……免遭……
[名师点津] (1)在主动语态中，prevent/stop...后的from可以省略；而keep...后的from不能省略。
(2)在被动语态中，这三个词后的from都不能省略。
单句语法填空/单句写作
①As far as health is concerned，it is often said that ________(prevent) is better than cure．
②These are ________(prevent) diseases so don't worry．
③We should take effective measures to protect the river from ____________(pollute)．
④(读后续写之场景描写)浓烟使他看不见任何东西，并灼伤了他的眼睛，使他无法呼吸。
The thick smoke ____________________________，burned his eyes，and made it impossible to breathe．
3．(教材原句)But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice．
*harmony n．融洽相处，和谐(harmonious adj．和谐的，和睦的)
live/work in harmony 融洽地生活/工作
in harmony with 与……协调一致/和谐
out of harmony with 与……不和谐
单句语法填空/单句写作
①If the development of tourism is out of harmony ________ the environment，the environment will be destroyed．
②Most people have realized that it's necessary to build a ________(harmony) society．
③(应用文写作之环境保护)众所周知，我们保护海洋的唯一方式就是与海洋和谐共处。
As we all know，the only way for us to protect oceans is to ____________________．
4．(教材原句)The terraces are cleverly designed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other．
*design v．设计；构思 n．设计；图案(designer n．设计者)
(1)design...for 为……而设计
be designed for/to do... 为……而设计/旨在做……
be designed as 被设计为……
(2)by design 有意地，故意地
单句语法填空/句式升级
①This entrance has been specially designed ________ people in wheelchairs．
②We don't know whether he pressed the wrong button ________ design．
③(应用文写作之邀请信)I'm writing to invite you to join us in the activity which was designed to help the international students interested in traditional Chinese culture．
→I'm writing to invite you to join us in the activity ______________________________________________．(动词-ed形式作定语)
5．(教材原句) These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops．
*feed on 以……为食
feed sb．with/on... 用……喂养某人
feed sth．to sb．/sth． 把某物给某人/某物吃
be fed up with＝be tired of (口语)厌倦……
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The giant panda lives in the mountains，which feeds ________ bamboo．
②Farmers feed kitchen leftovers ________ the pigs and dogs．
③我不愿意和他一起工作，因为我受够了他的懒惰和粗心大意。
→I wouldn't like to work together with him，for I _____________his laziness and carelessness．
→I wouldn't like to work together with him，for I ____________his laziness and carelessness．
6．(教材原句) These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops．
*harm v．伤害，损害(harmful adj．有害的；harmless adj．无害的)
(1)do sb．/sth．harm＝do harm to sb．/sth．
伤害某人/物
mean no harm(to sb．) (对某人)并无恶意
(2)There is no harm in doing sth． 做某事无害
(3)be harmful to sb．/sth． 对某人/物有害
单句语法填空/一句多译
①Farmers should be prevented from using poisonous chemicals that are ________(harm) to the environment．
②There is no doubt that watching TV too much does harm ________ teenagers' eyesight．
③(应用文写作之礼仪文化)当与朋友吃饭时注意餐桌礼仪没有坏处。
________________________ table manners while eating with friends．
词汇 provide...for...为……提供……
微练 这个国家已经为灾区无家可归的人们提供了食品和衣物。 →The country has ________________________________ in the disaster-stricken areas． →The country has ________________________________ in the disaster-stricken areas．
1．(教材原句)Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice．
*无生命名词作主语
(1)以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用witness，see，find等动词作谓语。
(2)表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word，anger，faith，idea，courage，desire等)作主语，用fail，desert，escape等动词作谓语。
单句写作
①(应用文写作之活动介绍)上周末举办了一项名为“了解我们身边的植物”的活动。
________________________ called “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us”．
②在过去的两百年里，这座古老的建筑见证了村庄的巨大变化。
________________________________ in the past two hundred years．
③(应用文写作之感谢信)非常感谢你的慷慨帮助，我简直无法用语言表达。
I am so grateful to your generous help and ________________．
④前几天我遇到了我以前的一个同学，我一时想不起他的名字了。
I encountered one of my former classmates the other day，____________________．
2．(教材原句)Reaching as far as the eye can see，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top．
*as...as...“像……一样……”
(1)as...as...结构中的第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连词，引导比较状语从句；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。当as...as...中间有名词时，应采用以下形式：
①as＋adj．＋a/an＋n．(单数可数名词)＋as
②as＋many＋n．(可数名词复数)＋as
③as＋much＋n．(不可数名词)＋as
(2)否定句式：not as/so...as...意为“不如……”
单句写作
①他的英语口语不如他弟弟的流畅。
His spoken English is ____________ his younger brother's．
②相信我：事情并没有你想象的那么糟糕。
Trust me：________________________．
③(应用文写作之安慰信)我希望你能像我一样过上丰富多彩的学校生活。
I hope you will ________________________________．
Period 3
核心词汇
1．①to repair ②in ③with ④have trouble designing the model car
2．①prevention ②preventable ③being polluted
④prevented him from seeing anything
3．①with ②harmonious ③live in harmony with them
4．①for ②by ③designed to help the international students interested in traditional Chinese culture
5．①on ②to ③am fed up with；am tired of
6．①harmful ②to ③There is no harm in paying attention to
要点拾遗
provided food and clothes for the homeless people；provided the homeless people with food and clothes
句法句式
1．①Last weekend witnessed an activity ②The old building has seen great changes of the village ③words just fail me ④whose name just escaped me
2．①not as fluent as ②things are not as/so bad as you think
③live as colourful a school life as I do
1/1(共75张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
Unit 6
At one with nature
Period 3 课时学案 语言知识讲练(Understanding ideas)
主题语境 人与自然——人类生存与环境的关系
1．(教材原句)So why did these people go to so much trouble to turn the entire mountains into terraces
*go to the trouble to do sth．费尽周折做某事
take the trouble to do sth． 不辞辛劳地做某事
ask for trouble 自找麻烦
make trouble 制造麻烦
in trouble 处于困境中
get into trouble 陷入困境
have trouble with.../in doing... (做)……有困难
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①I don't think I'll go to so much trouble __________ (repair) this old bike．
②(应用文写作之观点表达)As is known to us all，if we are __ trouble，it is not our phones but our friends that can really help us out．
③(应用文写作之人物介绍)Whenever we have trouble ____ our studies，our teachers always help us patiently．
to repair
in
with
④ (应用文写作之求助信)由于担心我在设计汽车模型时会遇到麻烦，我写信是向你寻求一些建议。
Worried that I may _________________________________________，I'm writing to ask you for some suggestions．
have trouble designing the model car
2．(教材原句)The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil from being washed away．
*prevent v．阻挡，防止 (prevention n．预防，防止；preventable adj．可预防的，可防止的)
(1)prevent/stop...(from) doing sth．＝keep...from doing sth．
阻止……做某事
(2)protect...from 防止……免受……
保护……免遭……
[名师点津] (1)在主动语态中，prevent/stop...后的from可以省略；而keep...后的from不能省略。
(2)在被动语态中，这三个词后的from都不能省略。
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①As far as health is concerned，it is often said that __________ (prevent) is better than cure．
②These are ___________ (prevent) diseases so don't worry．
③We should take effective measures to protect the river from _______________ (pollute)．
④ (读后续写之场景描写)浓烟使他看不见任何东西，并灼伤了他的眼睛，使他无法呼吸。
The thick smoke _____________________________________，burned his eyes，and made it impossible to breathe．
prevention
preventable
being polluted
prevented him from seeing anything
3．(教材原句)But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terraces and grow rice．
*harmony n．融洽相处，和谐 (harmonious adj．和谐的，和睦的)
live/work in harmony 融洽地生活/工作
in harmony with 与……协调一致/和谐
out of harmony with 与……不和谐
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①If the development of tourism is out of harmony ____ the environment，the environment will be destroyed．
②Most people have realized that it's necessary to build a __________ (harmony) society．
③ (应用文写作之环境保护)众所周知，我们保护海洋的唯一方式就是与海洋和谐共处。
As we all know，the only way for us to protect oceans is to _____________________________．
with
harmonious
live in harmony with them
4．(教材原句)The terraces are cleverly designed，with hundreds of waterways that connect with each other．
*design v．设计；构思 n．设计；图案 (designer n．设计者)
(1)design...for 为……而设计
be designed for/to do... 为……而设计/旨在做……
be designed as 被设计为……
(2)by design 有意地，故意地
即学即练 单句语法填空/句式升级
①This entrance has been specially designed ___ people in wheelchairs．
②We don't know whether he pressed the wrong button __ design．
③(应用文写作之邀请信)I'm writing to invite you to join us in the activity which was designed to help the international students interested in traditional Chinese culture．
→I'm writing to invite you to join us in the activity _________________
_________________________________________________________．(动词-ed形式作定语)
for
by
designed to help the international students interested in traditional Chinese culture
5．(教材原句) These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops．
*feed on 以……为食
feed sb．with/on... 用……喂养某人
feed sth．to sb．/sth． 把某物给某人/某物吃
be fed up with＝be tired of (口语)厌倦……
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The giant panda lives in the mountains，which feeds __ bamboo．
②Farmers feed kitchen leftovers __ the pigs and dogs．
③我不愿意和他一起工作，因为我受够了他的懒惰和粗心大意。
→I wouldn't like to work together with him，for I ______________his laziness and carelessness．
→I wouldn't like to work together with him，for I _____________ his laziness and carelessness．
on
to
am fed up with
am tired of
6．(教材原句) These terraces also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish，some of which feed on insects that can harm the rice crops．
*harm v．伤害，损害(harmful adj．有害的；harmless adj．无害的)
(1)do sb．/sth．harm＝do harm to sb．/sth．
伤害某人/物
mean no harm(to sb．) (对某人)并无恶意
(2)There is no harm in doing sth． 做某事无害
(3)be harmful to sb．/sth． 对某人/物有害
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①Farmers should be prevented from using poisonous chemicals that are _______ (harm) to the environment．
②There is no doubt that watching TV too much does harm __ teenagers' eyesight．
③(应用文写作之礼仪文化)当与朋友吃饭时注意餐桌礼仪没有坏处。
_________________________________ table manners while eating with friends．
harmful
to
There is no harm in paying attention to
词汇 provide...for...为……提供……
微练 这个国家已经为灾区无家可归的人们提供了食品和衣物。
→The country has ______________________________________
_______ in the disaster-stricken areas．
→The country has ______________________________________
_______ in the disaster-stricken areas．
provided food and clothes for the homeless people
provided the homeless people with food and clothes
1．(教材原句)Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice．
*无生命名词作主语
(1)以时间、地点等名词作主语，常用witness，see，find等动词作谓语。
(2)表示生理、心理状态的名词或表示某种遭遇的名词(如word，anger，faith，idea，courage，desire等)作主语，用fail，desert，escape等动词作谓语。
即学即练 单句写作
①(应用文写作之活动介绍)上周末举办了一项名为“了解我们身边的植物”的活动。
__________________________________ called “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us”．
②在过去的两百年里，这座古老的建筑见证了村庄的巨大变化。
______________________________________________ in the past two hundred years．
Last weekend witnessed an activity
The old building has seen great changes of the village
③(应用文写作之感谢信)非常感谢你的慷慨帮助，我简直无法用语言表达。
I am so grateful to your generous help and _____________________．
④前几天我遇到了我以前的一个同学，我一时想不起他的名字了。
I encountered one of my former classmates the other day，______________________________．
words just fail me
whose name just escaped me
2．(教材原句)Reaching as far as the eye can see，these terraces cover tall mountains，often from the bottom to the very top．
*as...as...“像……一样……”
(1)as...as...结构中的第一个as为副词，修饰形容词或副词原级。第二个as可以是连词，引导比较状语从句；也可以是介词，后加名词或代词。当as...as...中间有名词时，应采用以下形式：
①as＋adj．＋a/an＋n．(单数可数名词)＋as
②as＋many＋n．(可数名词复数)＋as
③as＋much＋n．(不可数名词)＋as
(2)否定句式：not as/so...as...意为“不如……”
即学即练 单句写作
①他的英语口语不如他弟弟的流畅。
His spoken English is ___________________ his younger brother's．
②相信我：事情并没有你想象的那么糟糕。
Trust me：_____________________________________________．
③(应用文写作之安慰信)我希望你能像我一样过上丰富多彩的学校生活。
I hope you will ____________________________________________．
not as fluent as
things are not as/so bad as you think
live as colourful a school life as I do
课时提升作业(十六) (Unit 6 Understanding ideas)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：92分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．The Tang _______ (朝代) made Chang'an its capital．
2．Some parts of the water in the lake are very _______ (浅的)．
3．The mountain is so _____ (陡峭的) that it is difficult to climb onto the top．
Dynasty
shallow
steep
4．They cut down trees at will，which causes the ____ (土壤) to be washed away．
5．We do not have enough money．_________ (因此) we cannot afford to buy the new car．
soil
Therefore
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．National Day，one of the most ___________ (significance) festivals in China，falls on October 1st every year．
2．The book，________ (design) for young adults，turned out to be popular with the elderly．
3．A big ceremony was held in Zhuhai to celebrate the __________ (complete) of the 55 km cross-sea bridge．
significant
designed
completion
4．As has been said above，the government is focusing on building a __________ (harmony) society．
5．In 1973，Yuan Longping became the first ____________ (agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output．
harmonious
agricultural
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
feed on，prevent...from，in harmony with，as far as，wash away
1．Foodsafetyisveryimportant，sothe
government spares no effort to _______ food ____ being polluted．
2．___________ I'm concerned，we must get fully prepared and practice hard in order to perform well in the match．
3．Pandas are our Chinese treasure．They ________ bamboo．
4．The soil was ____________ by the flood，exposing bare rock．
5．Happy people are peaceful people and they live _________________ others．
prevent
from
As far as
feed on
washed away
in harmony with
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．抬起头，只见一个高大的男人站在我面前。
___________，I saw a tall man standing in front of me．
2．一组在专家的指导下的学生正在做一个关于如何提高水稻产量的实验。
A team of students ______________________ are doing an experiment on how to improve the yield of rice．
Looking up
guided by an expert
3．学校活动通常被认为是一种学生交新朋友和开发新爱好的好方法。
School activities are usually considered a good way ___________________
___________________________________________________________．
4．不可否认是老师的鼓励和帮助让我稳步前进。
There is no denying that _________________________________________
_____ resulted in my steady progress．
5．接下来的一刻见证了他们制作早餐的努力，他们最终成功了。
____________________________ their efforts to make the breakfast and they eventually made it．
(that/in which)
students make new friends and develop new interests
it was my teacher's encouragement and help that
The next moment witnessed
Ⅴ．补全短文(共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分)
1．___________________________________ (过去的几十年见证了) the increase of human activities，and haze，as a new disastrous weather event，has attracted more attention in recent years．Therefore，2．______________________________________ (应采取有效措施) to reduce haze，which 3．_____________________
(对我们的健康有害)．First of all，I believe that planting more trees is
The past few decades have seen
effective measures should be taken
does harm to our health
a good way．That's because it can 4．___________________________
(防止雾霾扩散)．Secondly，the factories which produce too many pollutants should be punished．Some studies show that 5．__________
___________________________________________________________ (正是燃煤锅炉和机动车排放物) cause atmospheric pollutants．Maybe we can move the factories to the areas where few people live．What's more，I think it's a good idea to encourage people to use public transportation．An activity will be held，6．______________________
(旨在号召) citizens to ride bikes if they go on short journeys．
prevent haze from spreading
it's the
coal-burning boiler and the motor vehicle emissions that
which is designed to call on
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
A new report from the World Wildlife Fund(WWF) shows that global animal populations have dropped greatly since 1970．The report is based on information about 5，495 different species of animals around the world．The information was collected by the Zoological Society of London(ZSL)，which used it to create what it calls the “Living Planet Index”(LPI)．The LPI focuses on vertebrates—animals with backbones，such as birds，fish，and mammals．The LPI report shows that between 1970 and 2020，the average size of these populations dropped by 73%．
The LPI can be a little perplexing．It doesn't show the change in the total number of animals on the planet．Instead，it shows the average change in the size of animal populations since 1970．For example，if one species dropped from 1，000 animals to 500，that's a 50% drop．If another species dropped from 100，000 to 50，000，that's also a 50% drop．The number of animals lost in the second population is much higher，but they would both count as a 50% drop for the LPI．But even if the numbers aren't perfect，scientists agree that animal populations are dropping．And that's a serious problem．
The report shows that populations have dropped in all kinds of habitats(栖息地)．Freshwater habitats，such as rivers and lakes，saw the biggest drop，averaging 85%，followed by land animals at 69%．In the oceans，the drop was 56%．Geographically，Latin America experienced the greatest loss at 95%，while Africa's animal populations fell by 76%，and Asia and the Pacific by 60%．Europe and North America had smaller drops，but they still saw a 33% drop since then．
Human activities，including habitat destruction，farming，climate change，pollution，and over-hunting，are the primary cause．The WWF calls for urgent action to protect Earth's wildlife，recommending that 30% of the world's land，oceans，and fresh water be protected by 2030 and that humans change how they eat，farm，and produce energy．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。全球动物数量自1970年以来平均下降73%，主要因人类活动造成。报告强调需立即采取措施保护生态环境。
√
1．What does the LPI report show
A．The total number of animals on Earth．
B．The habitats of different endangered animals．
C．The average change in animal population sizes．
D．The number of species that have already died out．
C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The LPI focuses on vertebrates — animals with backbones，such as birds，fish，and mammals．The LPI report shows that between 1970 and 2020，the average size of these populations dropped by 73%．”可知，LPI报告显示了动物种群大小的平均变化。]
2．What does the underlined word “perplexing” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Simple． B．Confusing．
C．Exciting． D．Important．
√
B [词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“It doesn't show the change in the total number of animals on the planet．Instead，it shows the average change in the size of animal populations since 1970．”可知，LPI并不显示地球上动物总数的变化，而是显示自1970年以来动物种群大小的平均变化，因此LPI可能有点令人困惑。故perplexing在此处的意思是“令人困惑的”。]
3．Based on the report，which region saw the largest average drop in animal populations
A．Europe．
B．Latin America．
C．North America．
D．Asia and the Pacific．
√
B [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Geographically，Latin America experienced the greatest loss at 95%，while Africa's animal populations fell by 76%，and Asia and the Pacific by 60%．”可知，拉丁美洲的动物种群数量平均下降幅度最大。]
4．What recommendation does the WWF make to protect wildlife
A．Developing new farming technologies．
B．Increasing the number of zoos worldwide．
C．Introducing new animal species to endangered areas．
D．Caring for the world's land，oceans，and freshwater．
√
D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The WWF calls for urgent action to protect Earth's wildlife，recommending that 30% of the world's land，oceans，and fresh water be protected by 2030 and that humans change how they eat，farm，and produce energy．”可知，WWF建议保护世界的土地、海洋和淡水。故选D。]
B
You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year．But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does．He builds many sculptures(雕塑) out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products．
At the beginning of the year，the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse，” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves，frozen mid-crash．Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups，the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City，Vietnam．
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled．Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution，but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled．Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes．Once the drink is gone，the straw will take centuries to disappear．
In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds，a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean．For this work，titled “Truckload of Plastic，” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic，which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒) from a truck all at once．
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍艺术家Benjamin Von Wong利用塑料垃圾制作雕塑的行为和目的，以及相关的塑料污染数据，旨在提高读者对塑料污染问题的认识，并呼吁大家减少使用一次性塑料制品，共同保护海洋环境。
5．What is the main purpose of Benjamin Von Wong's art projects
A．Beautifying the city he lives in．
B．Drawing public attention to plastic waste．
C．Introducing eco-friendly products．
D．Reducing garbage on the beach．
√
B [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“He builds many sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products．”可知，Benjamin Von Wong的艺术项目的主要目的是引起公众对塑料垃圾问题的关注。]
6．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling．
B．To find a replacement for them．
C．To voice his views on modern art．
D．To explain why they are useful．
√
A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution，but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled．”可知，作者讨论塑料吸管是为了展示它们回收的困难。]
7．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A．Calming． B．Refreshing．
C．Disturbing． D．Challenging．
√
C [推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds...which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped from a truck all at once．”可知，“Truckload of Plastic”这个作品对观众的影响是令人不安的。]
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Modern Art
C．Ocean Plastics Changed into Sculptures
D．Big Companies' Responsibility
√
C [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段“You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year...forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products．”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了艺术家Benjamin Von Wong将海洋中的塑料垃圾变成雕塑，以此来提醒人们塑料污染的问题。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
A simple and common way to water plants is to hold a garden pipe(管子)and let the water fall down directly on the plants and soil．This is a good choice that does not waste water．It can also help prevent plant disease．But a garden pipe is not the only way to water your plants．
The Time and Way of Watering
1 This lets the water go deep into the soil before the weather gets too hot．If you water the plants late in the day，the water will just evaporate(蒸发)from the surface．If you water the plants in the evening，the plants stay too wet overnight．
How you water the plants is just as important as when you water them．If you water the soil quickly every day，it does not help the roots，which can spread over 30 centimeters into the soil．Water the soil less often，but deep．Be careful when watering very dry soil because the water will just run off without getting into the soil． 2 1
Collect and Reuse Water
One way to help keep costs low for watering plants is to use used water．Instead of emptying water out after boiling foods，keep it and reuse it to water plants． 3 You can also catch and use rainwater．
Choose Native Plants
Most gardeners just think about which plants look good and the plants' sunlight needs． 4 Drought-resistant(抗旱的) plants should not be overwatered when you are trying to keep thirstier plants watered．
It is also best to use plants that are native to the area where you live．These plants are likely to be resistant to drought． 5 After that，they can live on just rainwater except for during times of extreme heat．
A．Put more pipes around the plants．
B．But watering needs should be considered，too．
C．Just make sure the water does not have salt in it．
D．They just need watering for the first two years．
E．The best time to water your plants is in the morning．
F．Growing plants in containers usually needs much water．
G．Water your plants slowly and make sure the water is taken in by earth．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些给植物浇水的注意事项。
1．E [根据后文“This lets the water go deep...If you water the plants in the evening，the plants stay too wet overnight．”可知，本句是在说明给植物浇水的最佳时间：早上。故E项符合语境。]
2．G [根据上文中的“If you water the soil quickly every day，it does not help the roots”可知，上文建议不要每天快速浇水，本句为本段最后一句，故说明应该慢慢浇水，确保吸收。故G项符合语境。]
3．C [根据上文“One way to help keep costs low for watering plants is to use used water．Instead of emptying water out after boiling foods，keep it and reuse it to water plants．”可知，本段的建议是把用过的水拿来给植物浇水，C项说明这么做的注意事项。]
4．B [根据上文“Most gardeners just think about which plants look good and the plants' sunlight needs．”以及后文“Drought-resistant plants should not be overwatered when you are trying to keep thirstier plants watered．”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出要考虑浇水的需要。故B项符合语境。]
5．D [上文“It is also best to use plants that are native to the area where you live．These plants are likely to be resistant to drought．”提到了原生植物可能抗旱，D项介绍了这样的植物该如何浇水，符合语境，D项中的“They”对应上文中的“These plants”。]
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
I've always loved the idea of being a “garden person”，the kind who sits amid beautiful flowers，drinks coffee at sunrise and enjoys slow dinners at sunset．My parents are garden people，1．_______ I've tried to follow their lead．When I first moved into my home 12 years ago，I planted marigolds and 2．________ (tomato) in the garden．I watered and weeded．I bought a nice garden chair．I 3．_________ (sweep) away the leaves and dirt．I did all the things I'd hoped to do in my garden，but after a few times，I felt bored．Here I was，lucky enough 4．__________ (have) a bit of garden in the heart of the city and I couldn't sit in it and enjoy it．
and
tomatoes
swept
to have
The seasons went by，and I didn't even sit in the garden．Instead，I watched TV，avoiding the bugs and cobwebs 5．___________ were present outdoors．But the guilt stayed，as did my desire to be a garden person．So last summer，I brought back 6．____ garden chair，watered the plants and cut back the grapevine and blackberry bush．And，on one very hot day，I thought，“Yes，now I will sit in my garden．” So，I sat．And I 7．____________ (shock)．For the first time，I found a sense of peace amid the greenery and sounds of the outdoors．
that/which
the
was shocked
This seemed to reset my mind in a way that the indoors did not．Inside，I might feel unsettled and 8．_______(stress)．Outside，I sat，I listened and I breathed 9．________ anything bothering me．And 10．______(bit) of stress—but not all—lifted．I read．I observed the slow ripening of grapes and blackberries and apples．I sat in silence—silence，except for the soft sound of a passing airplane and the rustle of leaves as the wind blew through them．And I thought to myself，“This garden is growing on me．”
stressed
without
bits
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己当“园艺人”的经历和感受的变化。
1．and [考查连词。第一句提到作者想成为一个“园艺人”，根据句意可知，前后句为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。]
2．tomatoes [考查名词复数。tomato是可数名词，前面无限定词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填tomatoes。]
3．swept [考查动词的时态。空格处是谓语动词，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填swept。]
4．to have [考查非谓语动词。enough to do“足够……”，是固定用法，不定式作结果状语。故填to have。]
5．that/which [考查定语从句。空格处引导限制性定语从句，对先行词the bugs and cobwebs进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词that或which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。]
6．the [考查冠词。空格后的“garden chair”特指上文提到的“a nice garden chair”，应该用定冠词the。]
7．was shocked [考查形容词和时态。此处表示“震惊的”，用be shocked，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填was shocked。]
8．stressed [考查词性转换。根据空格前的“feel unsettled”可知，空格处应该用形容词与unsettled并列作表语。故填stressed。]
9．without [考查介词。根据句意和空格后的“anything bothering me”可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“没有”，故填without。]
10．bits [考查固定搭配。bits of“一些，几个”。故填bits。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(十六) (Unit 6 Understanding ideas)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：92分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
1．The Tang (朝代) made Chang'an its capital．
2．Some parts of the water in the lake are very (浅的)．
3．The mountain is so (陡峭的) that it is difficult to climb onto the top．
4．They cut down trees at will，which causes the (土壤) to be washed away．
5．We do not have enough money． (因此) we cannot afford to buy the new car．
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
1．National Day，one of the most (significance) festivals in China，falls on October 1st every year．
2．The book， (design) for young adults，turned out to be popular with the elderly．
3．A big ceremony was held in Zhuhai to celebrate the (complete) of the 55 km cross sea bridge．
4．As has been said above，the government is focusing on building a (harmony) society．
5．In 1973，Yuan Longping became the first (agriculture) pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output．
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
feed on，prevent...from，in harmony with，as far as，wash away
1．Food safety is very important，so the government spares no effort to food being polluted．
2． I'm concerned，we must get fully prepared and practice hard in order to perform well in the match．
3．Pandas are our Chinese treasure．They bamboo．
4．The soil was by the flood，exposing bare rock．
5．Happy people are peaceful people and they live others．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．抬起头，只见一个高大的男人站在我面前。
，I saw a tall man standing in front of me．
2．一组在专家的指导下的学生正在做一个关于如何提高水稻产量的实验。
A team of students are doing an experiment on how to improve the yield of rice．
3．学校活动通常被认为是一种学生交新朋友和开发新爱好的好方法。
School activities are usually considered a good way ．
4．不可否认是老师的鼓励和帮助让我稳步前进。
There is no denying that resulted in my steady progress．
5．接下来的一刻见证了他们制作早餐的努力，他们最终成功了。
their efforts to make the breakfast and they eventually made it．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共6小题；每小题2分，满分12分)
1． (过去的几十年见证了) the increase of human activities，and haze，as a new disastrous weather event，has attracted more attention in recent years．Therefore，2． (应采取有效措施) to reduce haze，which 3． (对我们的健康有害)．First of all，I believe that planting more trees is a good way．That's because it can 4． (防止雾霾扩散)．Secondly，the factories which produce too many pollutants should be punished．Some studies show that 5． (正是燃煤锅炉和机动车排放物) cause atmospheric pollutants．Maybe we can move the factories to the areas where few people live．What's more，I think it's a good idea to encourage people to use public transportation．An activity will be held，6． (旨在号召) citizens to ride bikes if they go on short journeys．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2．5分，满分20分)
A
A new report from the World Wildlife Fund(WWF) shows that global animal populations have dropped greatly since 1970．The report is based on information about 5，495 different species of animals around the world．The information was collected by the Zoological Society of London(ZSL)，which used it to create what it calls the “Living Planet Index”(LPI)．The LPI focuses on vertebrates—animals with backbones，such as birds，fish，and mammals．The LPI report shows that between 1970 and 2020，the average size of these populations dropped by 73%．
The LPI can be a little perplexing．It doesn't show the change in the total number of animals on the planet．Instead，it shows the average change in the size of animal populations since 1970．For example，if one species dropped from 1，000 animals to 500，that's a 50% drop．If another species dropped from 100，000 to 50，000，that's also a 50% drop．The number of animals lost in the second population is much higher，but they would both count as a 50% drop for the LPI．But even if the numbers aren't perfect，scientists agree that animal populations are dropping．And that's a serious problem．
The report shows that populations have dropped in all kinds of habitats(栖息地)．Freshwater habitats，such as rivers and lakes，saw the biggest drop，averaging 85%，followed by land animals at 69%．In the oceans，the drop was 56%．Geographically，Latin America experienced the greatest loss at 95%，while Africa's animal populations fell by 76%，and Asia and the Pacific by 60%．Europe and North America had smaller drops，but they still saw a 33% drop since then．
Human activities，including habitat destruction，farming，climate change，pollution，and over hunting，are the primary cause．The WWF calls for urgent action to protect Earth's wildlife，recommending that 30% of the world's land，oceans，and fresh water be protected by 2030 and that humans change how they eat，farm，and produce energy．
1．What does the LPI report show
A．The total number of animals on Earth．
B．The habitats of different endangered animals．
C．The average change in animal population sizes．
D．The number of species that have already died out．
2．What does the underlined word “perplexing” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Simple． B．Confusing．
C．Exciting． D．Important．
3．Based on the report，which region saw the largest average drop in animal populations
A．Europe． B．Latin America．
C．North America． D．Asia and the Pacific．
4．What recommendation does the WWF make to protect wildlife
A．Developing new farming technologies．
B．Increasing the number of zoos worldwide．
C．Introducing new animal species to endangered areas．
D．Caring for the world's land，oceans，and freshwater．
B
You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4．8 and 12．7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year．But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does．He builds many sculptures(雕塑) out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re examine their relationship to single use plastic products．
At the beginning of the year，the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse，” a pair of 10 foot tall plastic waves，frozen mid crash．Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups，the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City，Vietnam．
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled．Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution，but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled．Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes．Once the drink is gone，the straw will take centuries to disappear．
In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate(说明) a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds，a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean．For this work，titled “Truckload of Plastic，” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic，which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped(倾倒) from a truck all at once．
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint．
5．What is the main purpose of Benjamin Von Wong's art projects
A．Beautifying the city he lives in．
B．Drawing public attention to plastic waste．
C．Introducing eco friendly products．
D．Reducing garbage on the beach．
6．Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling．
B．To find a replacement for them．
C．To voice his views on modern art．
D．To explain why they are useful．
7．What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A．Calming． B．Refreshing．
C．Disturbing． D．Challenging．
8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Modern Art
C．Ocean Plastics Changed into Sculptures
D．Big Companies' Responsibility
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
A simple and common way to water plants is to hold a garden pipe(管子)and let the water fall down directly on the plants and soil．This is a good choice that does not waste water．It can also help prevent plant disease．But a garden pipe is not the only way to water your plants．
The Time and Way of Watering
1 This lets the water go deep into the soil before the weather gets too hot．If you water the plants late in the day，the water will just evaporate(蒸发)from the surface．If you water the plants in the evening，the plants stay too wet overnight．
How you water the plants is just as important as when you water them．If you water the soil quickly every day，it does not help the roots，which can spread over 30 centimeters into the soil．Water the soil less often，but deep．Be careful when watering very dry soil because the water will just run off without getting into the soil． 2
Collect and Reuse Water
One way to help keep costs low for watering plants is to use used water．Instead of emptying water out after boiling foods，keep it and reuse it to water plants． 3 You can also catch and use rainwater．
Choose Native Plants
Most gardeners just think about which plants look good and the plants' sunlight needs． 4 Drought resistant(抗旱的) plants should not be overwatered when you are trying to keep thirstier plants watered．
It is also best to use plants that are native to the area where you live．These plants are likely to be resistant to drought． 5 After that，they can live on just rainwater except for during times of extreme heat．
A．Put more pipes around the plants．
B．But watering needs should be considered，too．
C．Just make sure the water does not have salt in it．
D．They just need watering for the first two years．
E．The best time to water your plants is in the morning．
F．Growing plants in containers usually needs much water．
G．Water your plants slowly and make sure the water is taken in by earth．
Ⅲ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
I've always loved the idea of being a “garden person”，the kind who sits amid beautiful flowers，drinks coffee at sunrise and enjoys slow dinners at sunset．My parents are garden people，1． I've tried to follow their lead．When I first moved into my home 12 years ago，I planted marigolds and 2． (tomato) in the garden．I watered and weeded．I bought a nice garden chair．I 3． (sweep) away the leaves and dirt．I did all the things I'd hoped to do in my garden，but after a few times，I felt bored．Here I was，lucky enough 4． (have) a bit of garden in the heart of the city and I couldn't sit in it and enjoy it．
The seasons went by，and I didn't even sit in the garden．Instead，I watched TV，avoiding the bugs and cobwebs 5． were present outdoors．But the guilt stayed，as did my desire to be a garden person．So last summer，I brought back 6． garden chair，watered the plants and cut back the grapevine and blackberry bush．And，on one very hot day，I thought，“Yes，now I will sit in my garden．” So，I sat．And I 7． (shock)．For the first time，I found a sense of peace amid the greenery and sounds of the outdoors．
This seemed to reset my mind in a way that the indoors did not．Inside，I might feel unsettled and 8． (stress)．Outside，I sat，I listened and I breathed 9． anything bothering me．And 10． (bit) of stress—but not all—lifted．I read．I observed the slow ripening of grapes and blackberries and apples．I sat in silence—silence，except for the soft sound of a passing airplane and the rustle of leaves as the wind blew through them．And I thought to myself，“This garden is growing on me．”
课时提升作业(十六)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．Dynasty 2．shallow 3．steep 4．soil 5．Therefore
Ⅱ．1．significant 2．designed 3．completion 4．harmonious 5．agricultural
Ⅲ．1．prevent from 2．As far as 3．feed on 4．washed away 5．in harmony with
Ⅳ．1．Looking up 2．guided by an expert 3．(that/in which) students make new friends and develop new interests 4．it was my teacher's encouragement and help that 5．The next moment witnessed
Ⅴ．1．The past few decades have seen 2．effective measures should be taken 3．does harm to our health 4．prevent haze from spreading 5．it's the coalburning boiler and the motor vehicle emissions that 6．which is designed to call on
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
C B B D B A C C
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
E G C B D
Ⅲ．1．and 2．tomatoes 3．swept 4．to have 5．that/which 6．the 7．was shocked 8．stressed 9．without 10．bits
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。全球动物数量自1970年以来平均下降73%，主要因人类活动造成。报告强调需立即采取措施保护生态环境。
1．C [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The LPI focuses on vertebrates — animals with backbones，such as birds，fish，and mammals．The LPI report shows that between 1970 and 2020，the average size of these populations dropped by 73%．”可知，LPI报告显示了动物种群大小的平均变化。]
2．B [词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中“It doesn't show the change in the total number of animals on the planet．Instead，it shows the average change in the size of animal populations since 1970．”可知，LPI并不显示地球上动物总数的变化，而是显示自1970年以来动物种群大小的平均变化，因此LPI可能有点令人困惑。故perplexing在此处的意思是“令人困惑的”。]
3．B [细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Geographically，Latin America experienced the greatest loss at 95%，while Africa's animal populations fell by 76%，and Asia and the Pacific by 60%．”可知，拉丁美洲的动物种群数量平均下降幅度最大。]
4．D [细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The WWF calls for urgent action to protect Earth's wildlife，recommending that 30% of the world's land，oceans，and fresh water be protected by 2030 and that humans change how they eat，farm，and produce energy．”可知，WWF建议保护世界的土地、海洋和淡水。故选D。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过介绍艺术家Benjamin Von Wong利用塑料垃圾制作雕塑的行为和目的，以及相关的塑料污染数据，旨在提高读者对塑料污染问题的认识，并呼吁大家减少使用一次性塑料制品，共同保护海洋环境。
5．B [细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“He builds many sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to reexamine their relationship to singleuse plastic products．”可知，Benjamin Von Wong的艺术项目的主要目的是引起公众对塑料垃圾问题的关注。]
6．A [推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source of plastic pollution，but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled．”可知，作者讨论塑料吸管是为了展示它们回收的困难。]
7．C [推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds...which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped from a truck all at once．”可知，“Truckload of Plastic”这个作品对观众的影响是令人不安的。]
8．C [标题归纳题。根据文章第一段“You've heard that plastic is polluting the oceans—between 4．8 and 12．7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year...forcing viewers to reexamine their relationship to singleuse plastic products．”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了艺术家Benjamin Von Wong将海洋中的塑料垃圾变成雕塑，以此来提醒人们塑料污染的问题。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些给植物浇水的注意事项。
1．E [根据后文“This lets the water go deep...If you water the plants in the evening，the plants stay too wet overnight．”可知，本句是在说明给植物浇水的最佳时间：早上。故E项符合语境。]
2．G [根据上文中的“If you water the soil quickly every day，it does not help the roots”可知，上文建议不要每天快速浇水，本句为本段最后一句，故说明应该慢慢浇水，确保吸收。故G项符合语境。]
3．C [根据上文“One way to help keep costs low for watering plants is to use used water．Instead of emptying water out after boiling foods，keep it and reuse it to water plants．”可知，本段的建议是把用过的水拿来给植物浇水，C项说明这么做的注意事项。]
4．B [根据上文“Most gardeners just think about which plants look good and the plants' sunlight needs．”以及后文“Droughtresistant plants should not be overwatered when you are trying to keep thirstier plants watered．”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出要考虑浇水的需要。故B项符合语境。]
5．D [上文“It is also best to use plants that are native to the area where you live．These plants are likely to be resistant to drought．”提到了原生植物可能抗旱，D项介绍了这样的植物该如何浇水，符合语境，D项中的“They”对应上文中的“These plants”。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己当“园艺人”的经历和感受的变化。
1．and [考查连词。第一句提到作者想成为一个“园艺人”，根据句意可知，前后句为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。]
2．tomatoes [考查名词复数。tomato是可数名词，前面无限定词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填tomatoes。]
3．swept [考查动词的时态。空格处是谓语动词，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填swept。]
4．to have [考查非谓语动词。enough to do“足够……”，是固定用法，不定式作结果状语。故填to have。]
5．that/which [考查定语从句。空格处引导限制性定语从句，对先行词the bugs and cobwebs进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词that或which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填that/which。]
6．the [考查冠词。空格后的“garden chair”特指上文提到的“a nice garden chair”，应该用定冠词the。]
7．was shocked [考查形容词和时态。此处表示“震惊的”，用be shocked，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填was shocked。]
8．stressed [考查词性转换。根据空格前的“feel unsettled”可知，空格处应该用形容词与unsettled并列作表语。故填stressed。]
9．without [考查介词。根据句意和空格后的“anything bothering me”可知，空格处应该填入一个介词，且意义为“没有”，故填without。]
10．bits [考查固定搭配。bits of“一些，几个”。故填bits。]
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