Period 4 单元语法讲练(Using language)
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
美文诵读 语法体悟
Our senior high school is a place ①in which there are many trees．Each spring，the headmaster plants trees with us in the garden，②many of which are transported from other cities．There are many buildings in our school，③the tallest of which is the teaching building．The library ④from which we borrow books is quite large．There are 300 teachers，⑤most of whom are strict with us．We have been in this school for 2 years，⑥during which we have learned a great deal of knowledge． 1．左栏定语从句都是由“介词＋关系代词”结构引导。 2．通读左栏短文发现有的结构是“介词＋关系代词”，如①④⑥；有的结构是“不定代词或形容词最高级＋of＋关系代词”，如②③⑤。
一、关系代词的确定
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，先行词指人时关系代词用whom，不可用who/that；先行词指物时关系代词用which，不能用that。但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制。
Do you know the girl to whom our teacher is talking
＝Do you know the girl(who/whom/that) our teacher is talking to
你知道我们老师正在和哪个女孩谈话吗？
The school in which my friend once studied is very famous．
＝The school(that/which) my friend once studied in is very famous．
我的朋友曾经就读的那所学校很有名。
用适当的关系代词填空
①Is she the girl from ________ you borrowed the dress yesterday evening
②The man ____________ I share the room with is a young teacher from college．
③Can you tell me the reason for ________ you didn't come to her birthday party
④Wind power is an ancient source of energy ____________ we may return to in the near future．
二、介词的选择
介词的选择可以总结为：“一先、二动、三意义、四特殊”。
1．一先，即先看先行词，从先行词入手。介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。(比如先行词表示时间，常与on，in，by搭配；表示地点，常与on，in，at搭配；表示原因，常与for搭配；表示方式，常与in，by，with搭配)
Do you still remember the day on which we met for the first time
你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗？(on the day)
I don't know the reason for which he was late for school．
我不知道他上学迟到的原因。(for the reason)
2．二动，即看从句中的谓语动词。根据从句中谓语动词与介词的固定搭配选择合适的介词。
Is this the car for which you paid a high price
这辆车就是你花高价买的吗？(pay for)
This is the computer on which I spent 3，000 yuan．
这就是我花了3 000元买的电脑。(spend money on sth．)
3．三意义：通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词。
My computer，without which I can't surf the Internet，broke down yesterday．
昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我无法上网。
4．四特殊：介词of 常用于表示部分与整体的关系或所属关系。
In our class there are 54 students，half of whom wear glasses．
我们班有54名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。
用适当的介词填空
①I will never forget the day ________ which I was admitted to a famous university．
②My father is the first person ________ whom I will turn for help when I meet difficulties．
③Would you be kind enough to help the boy ________ whom Chinese is really hard to learn
④Students should take an active part in the community activities ________ which they can gain social experience．
三、“介词＋关系代词”的几点注意事项
1．“介词＋关系代词”在定语从句中分别可作时间、地点、原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when，where和why。
This is the house in which(＝where) I lived two years ago．
这就是两年前我居住的房子。
The reason for which(＝why) he refused the invitation is not clear．
他拒绝这个邀请的原因尚不清楚。
We'd better fix a date on which(＝when) we will practice spoken English next week．
我们最好确定一个日期，下周我们练习一下英语口语。
2．有些固定的短语动词在定语从句中作谓语时，该短语动词的介词一般不提至关系代词前，常见的此类短语动词有listen to，look for，depend on，take care of等。
[误]This is the watch for which I am looking．
[正]This is the watch(which/that) I am looking for．
这就是我正在找的那块手表。
3．“代词/数词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
The old man has two sons，both of whom are lawyers．
这位老人有两个儿子，他们都是律师。
4．“the＋名词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
Look at the building，the roof of which is white．
看那栋楼房，它的屋顶是白色的。
5．“the＋形容词比较级/最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
There are two buildings，the larger of which stands nearly a hundred feet high．
这儿有两栋建筑，其中较大的那栋几乎有100英尺高。
用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句完成句子
①他是一个经验丰富的人，我们能够从他身上学到很多。
He is a man of great experience ________________________．
②我来这里的原因是我想得到你的帮助。
The reason ____________________ is that I want to get your help．
③这正是救了我儿子的那名警察。
This is the policeman ________________________________．
④弗兰克的梦想是拥有自己的花园，在里面他可以种许多美丽的花。
Frank's dream is to have his own garden ________________________________．
1．(教材原句)In sentence(a)，can we replace “in which” with “where” without changing the meaning
*replace v．以……替换，更换；把……放回原处(replacement n．替换；替换品/者)
(1)replace...with/by... 用……替换……/以……接替……
replace...as... 取代……而成为……
(2)take the place of sb．/take one's place 接替某人
in place of＝in one's place 代替
单句语法填空/一句多译
①The house in which I grew up has been taken down and replaced ____________ an office building．
②After the accident took place，he was appointed as the new chairman，taking ________ place of the previous one．
③If I refused to go，they would send someone else ________ my place．
④(读后续写之情感描写)幸运的是，在一些邻居的帮助下，简(Jane)心中的恐惧和焦虑立刻被一种力量感所取代。
→Luckily，with some neighbours offering help，a sense of strength immediately ________________________________．(replace)
→Luckily，with some neighbours offering help，a sense of strength immediately ________________________________________．(place)
2．(教材原句)Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers for whom caring for the environment is a priority．
*priority n．优先处理的事，当务之急(prior adj．较重要的；先前的；较早的)
(1)give priority to 优先考虑
have/take priority over 优先于，比……重要
(2) prior to(doing) sth． 在(做)某事之前，先于……
单句语法填空/单句写作
①My top ________(prior) is to find somewhere to live and then find a job to pay the rent．
②As students，working hard takes priority ________ everything else．
③It is important to enrich the soil prior ________ planting．
④(应用文写作之人物介绍)她是一个非常体贴的人，总是优先考虑别人而不是自己。
She is a very considerate person ________________________ rather than herself．
3．(教材原句) Tourists can stand on a narrow glass platform called the Skywalk to see the Grand Canyon．
*narrow adj．狭窄的，不宽的；狭隘的；勉强的 v．使窄小；缩小(narrowly adv．勉强地；以毫厘之差；狭隘地)
(1)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生
a narrow victory 险胜
(2)narrow...to... 把……局限在……之内
单句语法填空/一句多译
①She narrows her life ________ a certain circle of friends．
②We managed to narrow the gap between our team and theirs，or we wouldn't have ________(narrow) won the game．
③当汽车冲下山坡时，一个名叫丹尼尔·戴维森的女孩死里逃生。
→When the car rushed down the mountain slope，a girl named Danielle Davison ________________．(narrowly)
→When the car rushed down the mountain slope，a girl named Danielle Davison ________________________．(narrow)
Period 4
语法精讲
即时训练1
①whom ②who/whom/that ③which ④which/that
即时训练2
①on ②to ③for ④from
即时训练3
①from whom we can learn a lot ②for which I come here
③by whom my son was saved ④in which he can grow many beautiful flowers
核心词汇
1．①with/by ②the ③in ④replaced the fear and anxiety in Jane's mind；took the place of the fear and anxiety in Jane's mind
2．①priority ②over ③to ④who always gives priority to others
3．①to ②narrowly ③narrowly escaped death；had a narrow escape from death
1/1(共81张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
Unit 6
At one with nature
Period 4 课时学案 单元语法讲练(Using language)
主题语境 人与自然——人类生存与环境的关系
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
美文诵读
Our senior high school is a place ①in which there are many trees．Each spring，the headmaster plants trees with us in the garden，②many of which are transported from other cities．There are many buildings in our school，③the tallest of which is the teaching building．The library ④from which we borrow books is quite large．There are 300 teachers，⑤most of whom are strict with us．We have been in this school for 2 years，⑥during which we have learned a great deal of knowledge．
语法体悟
1．左栏定语从句都是由“介词＋关系代词”结构引导。
2．通读左栏短文发现有的结构是“介词＋关系代词”，如①④⑥；有的结构是“不定代词或形容词最高级＋of＋关系代词”，如②③⑤。
一、关系代词的确定
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，先行词指人时关系代词用whom，不可用who/that；先行词指物时关系代词用which，不能用that。但如果介词后置，则不受这种限制。
Do you know the girl to whom our teacher is talking
＝Do you know the girl(who/whom/that) our teacher is talking to
你知道我们老师正在和哪个女孩谈话吗？
The school in which my friend once studied is very famous．
＝The school(that/which) my friend once studied in is very famous．
我的朋友曾经就读的那所学校很有名。
即时训练1 用适当的关系代词填空
①Is she the girl from ______ you borrowed the dress yesterday evening
②The man _______________ I share the room with is a young teacher from college．
③Can you tell me the reason for _____ you didn't come to her birthday party
④Wind power is an ancient source of energy ___________ we may return to in the near future．
whom
who/whom/that
which
which/that
二、介词的选择
介词的选择可以总结为：“一先、二动、三意义、四特殊”。
1．一先，即先看先行词，从先行词入手。介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配。(比如先行词表示时间，常与on，in，by搭配；表示地点，常与on，in，at搭配；表示原因，常与for搭配；表示方式，常与in，by，with搭配)
Do you still remember the day on which we met for the first time
你还记得我们第一次见面的那一天吗？(on the day)
I don't know the reason for which he was late for school．
我不知道他上学迟到的原因。(for the reason)
2．二动，即看从句中的谓语动词。根据从句中谓语动词与介词的固定搭配选择合适的介词。
Is this the car for which you paid a high price
这辆车就是你花高价买的吗？(pay for)
This is the computer on which I spent 3，000 yuan．
这就是我花了3 000元买的电脑。(spend money on sth．)
3．三意义：通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词。
My computer， without which I can't surf the Internet， broke down yesterday．
昨天我的电脑坏了，没有它我无法上网。
4．四特殊：介词of 常用于表示部分与整体的关系或所属关系。
In our class there are 54 students， half of whom wear glasses．
我们班有54名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。
即时训练2 用适当的介词填空
①I will never forget the day __ which I was admitted to a famous university．
②My father is the first person __ whom I will turn for help when I meet difficulties．
③Would you be kind enough to help the boy ___ whom Chinese is really hard to learn
④Students should take an active part in the community activities ____ which they can gain social experience．
on
to
for
from
三、“介词＋关系代词”的几点注意事项
1．“介词＋关系代词”在定语从句中分别可作时间、地点、原因状语，代替相应的关系副词when， where和why。
This is the house in which (＝where) I lived two years ago．
这就是两年前我居住的房子。
The reason for which (＝why) he refused the invitation is not clear．
他拒绝这个邀请的原因尚不清楚。
We'd better fix a date on which (＝when) we will practice spoken English next week．
我们最好确定一个日期，下周我们练习一下英语口语。
2．有些固定的短语动词在定语从句中作谓语时，该短语动词的介词一般不提至关系代词前，常见的此类短语动词有listen to， look for， depend on， take care of等。
[误]This is the watch for which I am looking．
[正]This is the watch(which/that) I am looking for．
这就是我正在找的那块手表。
3．“代词/数词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
The old man has two sons， both of whom are lawyers．
这位老人有两个儿子，他们都是律师。
4．“the＋名词＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
Look at the building， the roof of which is white．
看那栋楼房，它的屋顶是白色的。
5．“the＋形容词比较级/最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句。
There are two buildings， the larger of which stands nearly a hundred feet high．
这儿有两栋建筑，其中较大的那栋几乎有100英尺高。
即时训练3 用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句完成句子
①他是一个经验丰富的人，我们能够从他身上学到很多。
He is a man of great experience _______________________________．
②我来这里的原因是我想得到你的帮助。
The reason ______________________ is that I want to get your help．
from whom we can learn a lot
for which I come here
③这正是救了我儿子的那名警察。
This is the policeman _____________________________．
④弗兰克的梦想是拥有自己的花园，在里面他可以种许多美丽的花。
Frank's dream is to have his own garden _________________________
_________________________．
by whom my son was saved
in which he can grow many beautiful flowers
1．(教材原句)In sentence (a)，can we replace “in which” with “where” without changing the meaning
*replace v．以……替换，更换；把……放回原处(replacement n．替换；替换品/者)
(1)replace...with/by... 用……替换……/以……接替……
replace...as... 取代……而成为……
(2)take the place of sb．/take one's place
接替某人
in place of＝in one's place 代替
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①The house in which I grew up has been taken down and replaced ________ an office building．
②After the accident took place，he was appointed as the new chairman，taking ___ place of the previous one．
③If I refused to go，they would send someone else __ my place．
with/by
the
in
④(读后续写之情感描写)幸运的是，在一些邻居的帮助下，简(Jane)心中的恐惧和焦虑立刻被一种力量感所取代。
→Luckily，with some neighbours offering help，a sense of strength immediately __________________________________________________．(replace)
→Luckily，with some neighbours offering help，a sense of strength immediately ___________________________________________________．(place)
replaced the fear and anxiety in Jane's mind
took the place of the fear and anxiety in Jane's mind
2．(教材原句)Natural dyes are also becoming more popular with consumers for whom caring for the environment is a priority．
*priority n．优先处理的事，当务之急(prior adj．较重要的；先前的；较早的)
(1)give priority to 优先考虑
have/take priority over 优先于，比……重要
(2) prior to(doing) sth． 在(做)某事之前，先于……
即学即练 单句语法填空/单句写作
①My top ________ (prior) is to find somewhere to live and then find a job to pay the rent．
②As students，working hard takes priority ____ everything else．
③It is important to enrich the soil prior __ planting．
④(应用文写作之人物介绍)她是一个非常体贴的人，总是优先考虑别人而不是自己。
She is a very considerate person ________________________________ rather than herself．
priority
over
to
who always gives priority to others
3．(教材原句) Tourists can stand on a narrow glass platform called the Skywalk to see the Grand Canyon．
*narrow adj．狭窄的，不宽的；狭隘的；勉强的 v．使窄小；缩小(narrowly adv．勉强地；以毫厘之差；狭隘地)
(1)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生
a narrow victory 险胜
(2)narrow...to... 把……局限在……之内
即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译
①She narrows her life __ a certain circle of friends．
②We managed to narrow the gap between our team and theirs，or we wouldn't have ________ (narrow) won the game．
③当汽车冲下山坡时，一个名叫丹尼尔·戴维森的女孩死里逃生。
→When the car rushed down the mountain slope，a girl named Danielle Davison ________________________．(narrowly)
→When the car rushed down the mountain slope，a girl named Danielle Davison ___________________________________．(narrow)
to
narrowly
narrowly escaped death
had a narrow escape from death
课时提升作业(十七) (Unit 6 Using language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：95.5分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
1．The Sahara Desert is a natural _______ (壁垒) between north and central Africa．
2．The ship struck a hidden ____ (礁) and went down with all hands aboard．
barrier
reef
3．Can you analyze the _________ (结构) of the sentence for me
4．________ (有机体) is the basic study of biology．
5．According to the ___________ (观象台)，there will be heavy rain tomorrow．
6．A ______ (峡谷) usually has a river flowing through it．
7．After I found the solution，I've taught myself how to ride a _____ (骆驼)．
structure
Organism
observatory
canyon
camel
8．They lost their way in the mystery ______ (沙漠) and no one survived．
9．I shall get myself a little boat and ____ (航行) it around the world to seek my happiness．
10．British Rail had to post a signalman at the entrance to the ______ (隧道)，measuring its safety．
desert
sail
tunnel
Ⅱ．用“介词＋关系代词”完成句子(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
1．我不认识刚才和汤姆谈话的那个女孩。
I don't know the girl _______________________________ just now．
2．屋顶在大火中被毁的那座建筑现已修复。
The building，__________________________________ was destroyed in the big fire，has been repaired．
to/with whom Tom was talking
the roof of which/of which the roof
3．那间门坏了的教室能容纳40个学生。
The classroom __________________________________________ is broken can hold 40 students．
4．我们想知道他们争吵的原因。
We'd like to know __________________ they argued with each other．
5．我不同意你处理这个问题的方式。
I don't agree with _________________________ you are dealing with the issue．
the door of which/of which the door
the reason for which
the way that/in which
6．小女孩正在读一本书，里面有很多卡通图片。
The little girl is reading a book，________________________________
_______________．
7．历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。
History is the subject in our school ____________________________．
8．网络社交已经改变了我们交友的方式。
Social networking has changed _______________________________．
in which there are many cartoon
pictures
in which every student is interested
the way that/in which we make friends
Ⅲ．用适当的关系词和“介词＋关系代词”补全短文(共8小题；每小题1.5分，满分12分)
The film Princess Diaries tells a story of an American high school girl 1．____ woke up one day to find that her father was a king．Before she knew she was a princess，she was the most unpopular girl in school．Things changed when she knew she was a princess．She no longer had peace at the school 2．________ she studied．She was frightened by those 3．____ only wanted to make a fool of her or use her.
who
in which
who
It turned out that the only people 4．_____ she could depend on were those 5．____ had always stood by her in the days 6．_____________ she was unpopular．There were many moments 7．_____________ she wanted to run away from this life，but in the end she was encouraged by her father's letter and she was able to lead the life of a real princess．Princess Diaries is a really good film 8．___________ one can learn a lot，isn't it
whom
who
during which
at which
from which
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Talking about glasses，not just any kind but those that are kind to the planet，we mean the green glasses．Have you heard of glasses that look stylish，feel comfortable，and most importantly，don't harm the environment Let's get to know more about the sustainable glasses．
You might be surprised to learn how far your glasses are from green．They're often made from plastic and metal，which use a lot of energy and resources to produce．The process of making them can be harmful to the environment．From the harmful chemicals used in the frames(镜框) to the energy needed to get them to you，there's a lot that can be improved．
As for the new type of glasses，we pay special attention to how the glasses are made．Companies that care about the environment will make sure their glasses last a long time，from when they start making them to when they're no longer needed．This means they use materials that come from renewable sources rather than limit themselves to local materials．For example，they might use wood from forests that are managed well or recycled materials．They also use energy-saving machines and try to reduce waste．In a word，they make sure that the
glasses are made in a responsible way．To our customers，green glasses are the best option for us to protect our eyes and the planet at the same time．By choosing these glasses，we're helping the planet and making a positive change．
The future of glasses is looking bright! The way glasses are made is changing，with green materials and methods．As more people become interested in green products and technology improves，there will be more green choices available．Choose green glasses that look great and help the planet．Be part of the change and see the future in a better way．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型环保眼镜，强调其在整个生命周期中对环境的影响较小，并呼吁读者选择这种绿色产品。
1．What does the underlined word “sustainable” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Limited． B．Eco-friendly．
C．Expensive． D．Old-fashioned．
√
B [词义猜测题。根据上文“Talking about glasses，not just any kind but those that are kind to the planet，we mean the green glasses．”可知，上文说的是对地球友好的环保眼镜，再根据下文对于这种眼镜在制作过程中注重环保等相关描述可推测出“sustainable”在这里的意思是环保的、对生态友好的，与 “Eco-friendly”意思相近。]
2．Which can best describe the new type of glasses
A．It uses plastic frames．
B．It adopts the latest design．
C．Its material is got locally．
D．Its entire lifecycle is considered．
√
D [细节理解题。根据第三段中“Companies that care about the environment will make sure their glasses last a long time，from when they start making them to when they're no longer needed．”可知，关心环境的公司会确保他们的眼镜从开始制作到不再被需要的整个过程都能使用很长时间，新型眼镜的整个生命周期都被考虑到了，包括从选材到制作以及后续使用等各方面。]
3．What is the writer's attitude towards the future of the glasses
A．Optimistic． B．Worried．
C．Doubtful． D．Unclear．
√
A [观点态度题。根据最后一段中“The future of glasses is looking bright! The way glasses are made is changing，with green materials and methods．As more people become interested in green products and technology improves，there will be more green choices available．”可知，眼镜的未来看起来很光明，可推理出作者对眼镜的未来充满了积极乐观的态度，认为其前景很好。]
4．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To inform the history of glasses production．
B．To show the latest fashion trends in glasses．
C．To persuade readers to choose the green glasses．
D．To explain the challenges faced by glasses stores．
√
C [写作意图题。根据第一段中“Talking about glasses，not just any kind but those that are kind to the planet，we mean the green glasses．Have you heard of glasses that look stylish，feel comfortable，and most importantly，don't harm the environment？”、第二段中“You might be surprised to learn how far your glasses are from green．They're often made from plastic and metal，which use a lot of energy and resources to produce．The process of making them can be harmful to the environment．”以及最后一段可知，文章开篇引出对环境友好的绿色眼镜，接着介绍了普通眼镜制作存在的环保问题以及新型绿色眼镜在制作等方面的优势，最后呼吁大家选择绿色眼镜，成为改变的一部分，所以文章的目的是说服读者选择绿色眼镜。]
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Saving the environment might seem like a difficult thing．But living an environmentally friendly life is quite easy．With just a few small lifestyle changes，you can protect the planet and also live a healthier life for yourself! 1 ．
Cut back on driving
Find other forms of transportation that consume less or no petrol． 2 ．They won't cause any pollution or consume natural resources．If that isn't a choice，consider sharing with others or using public transportation．Replacing car trips with public transport reduces traffic jams and the overall amount of petrol，cutting back your carbon footprint．
Volunteer to clean up your community
Volunteer work has a directly positive impact on the environment in your area．You can volunteer to pick up litter，plant community gardens or clean up rivers．Find an activity that suits your interests and set aside time to help regularly． 3 ．If you prefer to be part of a group，volunteer with friends，your class or anyone else．
Upcycle items
4 ．Instead of throwing things away，give them another purpose by making jewelry，household accessories or restyled clothing．Upcycling is fun and good for the earth．For example，you could turn an old T-shirt into a grocery bag or use cinder blocks(空心煤渣砖) to make outdoor planters．Experiment and look for new ways to adapt used objects．
5 1
Some chemicals have harmful long-term effects on the environment．Choose chemical-free products，plus all-natural household cleaners，beauty and hygiene products．The fewer chemicals you use，the healthier the environment will be．Plus，natural and chemical-free products are also good for you!
A．Keep recycled items properly
B．Use fewer chemicals in your daily life
C．Walk or ride a bike whenever possible
D．Here are some tips that may be of great help
E．Consider investing in an electric or hybrid(混合动力) vehicle
F．You can join an environmental organization that attracts you，too
G．Creatively repurpose unwanted items to put less trash into the world
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。拯救环境似乎是一件困难的事情。但是，只要稍微改变一下生活方式，你就可以在保护地球的同时，过上更健康的生活！本文对具体的做法提出了几个建议。
1．D [根据上文“With just a few small lifestyle changes...live a healthier life for yourself！”以及下文Cut back on driving可知，此处讲的是改变生活方式，在保护地球的同时过上健康的生活，下文直接给出了建议可知，空白处为过渡句，应选择表示“以下是一些有帮助的建议”含义的表达，与D项表达的含义一致，故选D。]
2．C [根据下文“They won't cause any pollution or consume natural resources．”可知，上文说的是要选择不会造成任何污染或消耗自然资源的交通方式，与C项表达的含义一致，故选C。]
3．F [根据下文“If you prefer to be part of a group，volunteer with friends，your class or anyone else．”可知，上文给的建议是加入一个环保团队或组织，与F项表达的含义一致，故选F。]
4．G [根据下文“Instead of throwing things away...household accessories or restyled clothing．”可知，此处上下文说的是要创造性地调整不需要的物品的用途，减少垃圾，与G项表达的含义一致，故选G。]
5．B [根据下文“Some chemicals have harmful long-term effects on...beauty and hygiene products．”可知，此处上下文说的是要减少使用化学物质，与B项表达的含义一致，故选B。]
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Once upon a time in a small village，there lived a boy named Jack．Jack was a curious and kind-hearted boy，always eager to 1 the world around him．Every day，he would wander through the fields，
2 the beauty of nature．
One sunny afternoon，while exploring a forest near his village，Jack came across a small， 3 bird．It was struggling to fly，and its wing appeared to be broken．Jack carefully 4 the bird and gently held it in his hands．He decided to take it 5 and help it get better．
For days，Jack put himself to caring for the bird．He built a comfortable little nest(鸟窝) in a box and 6 it small pieces of bread and water．He spoke to it 7 ，believing that his words would provide
8 ．Slowly but surely，the bird began to regain its 9 ．
One morning，Jack woke up to find the bird standing on the edge of its nest，moving its wings．With a sense of 10 ，Jack realized the bird was ready to fly again．He took it outside and 11 as it flew into the sky，free and healthy once more．
As the bird disappeared into the 12 ，Jack felt a warm feeling in his heart．He knew that he had made a 13 ，no matter how small．This experience taught Jack the value of 14 and the importance of helping those in need．From that day on，he 15 himself to always lend a helping hand，just as he had done for the little bird．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了男孩杰克在森林里发现一只翅膀受伤的小鸟，他把小鸟带回家，用心照顾。逐渐地，小鸟恢复了体力，再次飞翔。这段经历让杰克意识到善良的价值和帮助有需要的人的重要性。
1．A．explore B．avoid
C．praise D．ignore
√
A [根据上文“Jack was a curious and kind-hearted boy”可知，杰克是个好奇的男孩，由此可知，他总是渴望探索周围的世界。]
2．A．creating B．admiring
C．examining D．forgetting
√
B [根据上文“he would wander through the fields”可知，杰克在田野里漫步，是为了欣赏大自然的美丽。]
3．A．locked B．amazing
C．injured D．surprising
√
C [根据下文“its wing appeared to be broken”可知，它的翅膀好像断了，由此可知，杰克遇到了一只受伤的小鸟。]
4．A．looked after B．put down
C．picked up D．came across
√
C [根据上文“It was struggling to fly，and its wing appeared to be broken．”可知，鸟的翅膀好像断了，飞不起来了，由此可知，杰克小心地捡起那只鸟，然后轻轻地握在手里。]
5．A．school B．office
C．park D．home
√
D [根据下文“One morning，Jack woke up to find the bird standing on the edge of its nest，moving its wings．”可知，杰克早晨醒来时就看到那只鸟，由此可知，他把它带回家了。]
6．A．moved B．flooded
C．bought D．fed
√
D [根据下文“small pieces of bread and water”可知，小块面包和水是杰克喂给小鸟的食物。]
7．A．softly B．loudly
C．easily D．quickly
√
A [根据上文“Jack put himself to caring for the bird”可知，杰克全身心地照顾这只鸟，由此可知，他轻柔地对它说话，怕吓到它。故选A项。]
8．A．food B．hurt
C．comfort D．health
√
C [根据上文“He spoke to it ”可知，杰克轻柔地对它说话，是想让自己的话给这只受伤的小鸟带来安慰。]
9．A．light B．strength
C．color D．voice
√
B [根据下文“One morning，Jack woke up to find the bird standing on the edge of its nest，moving its wings．”可知，小鸟能够重新挥动翅膀，由此可知，它开始恢复体力。]
10．A．joy B．disappointment
C．anger D．sadness
√
A [根据下文“Jack realized the bird was ready to fly again”可知，杰克意识到那只鸟已经准备好再次飞翔了，由此可知，这让他很高兴。]
11．A．watched B．slept
C．jumped D．ran
√
A [根据下文“flew into the sky”可知，鸟儿飞向天空，由此可知，他看着这一场景。]
12．A．house B．rain
C．distance D．village
√
C [根据上文“flew into the sky”可知，鸟儿飞向天空，由此可知，鸟儿飞走了，消失在远处。]
13．A．joke B．choice
C．lie D．difference
√
D [根据上文“flew into the sky”可知，杰克帮助受伤的鸟儿再次飞翔，由此可知，他对其他生物的生活有影响，make a difference意为“有影响”。 ]
14．A．tiredness B．kindness
C．friendliness D．hope
√
B [根据上文“flew into the sky”可知，杰克帮助受伤的鸟儿再次飞翔，由此可知，他对其他生物展示了善良，这段经历教会了杰克善良的价值。]
15．A．ordered B．forced
C．enjoyed D．promised
√
D [根据上文“This experience taught Jack the value of and the importance of helping those in need．”可知，这段经历教会了杰克善良的价值和帮助有需要的人的重要性，由此可知，他对自己许下承诺，要对有需要的人伸出援手。]
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
A new study shows that polar bears are struggling to find enough food on the decreasing(减少) Arctic ice．
1．___________ (record) their feeding behavior，researchers fitted nine polar bears in the Arctic with the GPS-camera collars(项圈)．They also measured the bears' energy use．The results showed that most of the animals had difficulty 2．_________ (get) enough food to meet their energy needs．
To record
getting
“We found that polar bears actually have much higher energy demands than predicted．They need to catch more seals，” said Anthony Pagano，a US wildlife biologist 3．________________ (lead) the study．“The Arctic sea-ice is decreasing 4．__ a rate of about 14% every ten years as 5．____result of global warming，6．________is likely to reduce polar bears' access(接近) to seals．In the past centuries，polar bears 7．____________ (hunt) seals on sea ice，but when the ice is gone，they now need to travel 8．___________ (far) and consume more energy than before to find seals．”
leading
at
a
which
have hunted
farther
“Ice loss will eventually cause polar bears to die out in the wild unless stronger methods 9．__________ (take)．Since it is human activities on the earth that result in global warming，we 10．_________ (probable) need to take action at once．” Pagano added．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了新研究表明北极熊因北极冰层减少而难以找到足够食物。
are taken
probably
1．To record [考查非谓语动词。此处需要填入动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了记录它们的觅食行为”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To record。]
2．getting [考查非谓语动词。have difficulty(in) doing sth．“做某事有困难”。故填getting。]
3．leading [考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰名词a US wildlife biologist，lead和a US wildlife biologist为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用动词-ing形式。故填leading。]
4．at [考查介词。at a rate of...“以……的速度”。]
5．a [考查冠词。as a result of“由于……”。故填a。]
6．which [考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。]
7．have hunted [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past centuries可知，使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have hunted。]
8．farther [考查比较级。根据空后的“than”可知，此处应用比较级farther。故填farther。]
9．are taken [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主句为一般将来时，unless引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时表将来，stronger methods和take之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are taken。]
10．probably [考查词性转换。修饰动词need，需用副词probably，作状语。故填probably。]
谢 谢！课时提升作业(十七) (Unit 6 Using language)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：95．5分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
1．The Sahara Desert is a natural (壁垒) between north and central Africa．
2．The ship struck a hidden (礁) and went down with all hands aboard．
3．Can you analyze the (结构) of the sentence for me
4． (有机体) is the basic study of biology．
5．According to the (观象台)，there will be heavy rain tomorrow．
6．A (峡谷) usually has a river flowing through it．
7．After I found the solution，I've taught myself how to ride a (骆驼)．
8．They lost their way in the mystery (沙漠) and no one survived．
9．I shall get myself a little boat and (航行) it around the world to seek my happiness．
10．British Rail had to post a signalman at the entrance to the (隧道)，measuring its safety．
Ⅱ．用“介词＋关系代词”完成句子(共8小题；每小题2分，满分16分)
1．我不认识刚才和汤姆谈话的那个女孩。
I don't know the girl just now．
2．屋顶在大火中被毁的那座建筑现已修复。
The building， was destroyed in the big fire，has been repaired．
3．那间门坏了的教室能容纳40个学生。
The classroom is broken can hold 40 students．
4．我们想知道他们争吵的原因。
We'd like to know they argued with each other．
5．我不同意你处理这个问题的方式。
I don't agree with you are dealing with the issue．
6．小女孩正在读一本书，里面有很多卡通图片。
The little girl is reading a book， ．
7．历史是我们学校每个学生都很感兴趣的课程。
History is the subject in our school ．
8．网络社交已经改变了我们交友的方式。
Social networking has changed ．
Ⅲ．用适当的关系词和“介词＋关系代词”补全短文(共8小题；每小题1．5分，满分12分)
The film Princess Diaries tells a story of an American high school girl 1． woke up one day to find that her father was a king．Before she knew she was a princess，she was the most unpopular girl in school．Things changed when she knew she was a princess．She no longer had peace at the school 2． she studied．She was frightened by those 3． only wanted to make a fool of her or use her．It turned out that the only people 4． she could depend on were those 5． had always stood by her in the days 6． she was unpopular．There were many moments 7． she wanted to run away from this life，but in the end she was encouraged by her father's letter and she was able to lead the life of a real princess．Princess Diaries is a really good film 8． one can learn a lot，isn't it
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2．5分，满分10分)
Talking about glasses，not just any kind but those that are kind to the planet，we mean the green glasses．Have you heard of glasses that look stylish，feel comfortable，and most importantly，don't harm the environment Let's get to know more about the sustainable glasses．
You might be surprised to learn how far your glasses are from green．They're often made from plastic and metal，which use a lot of energy and resources to produce．The process of making them can be harmful to the environment．From the harmful chemicals used in the frames(镜框) to the energy needed to get them to you，there's a lot that can be improved．
As for the new type of glasses，we pay special attention to how the glasses are made．Companies that care about the environment will make sure their glasses last a long time，from when they start making them to when they're no longer needed．This means they use materials that come from renewable sources rather than limit themselves to local materials．For example，they might use wood from forests that are managed well or recycled materials．They also use energy saving machines and try to reduce waste．In a word，they make sure that the glasses are made in a responsible way．To our customers，green glasses are the best option for us to protect our eyes and the planet at the same time．By choosing these glasses，we're helping the planet and making a positive change．
The future of glasses is looking bright! The way glasses are made is changing，with green materials and methods．As more people become interested in green products and technology improves，there will be more green choices available．Choose green glasses that look great and help the planet．Be part of the change and see the future in a better way．
1．What does the underlined word “sustainable” in paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Limited． B．Eco friendly．
C．Expensive． D．Old fashioned．
2．Which can best describe the new type of glasses
A．It uses plastic frames．
B．It adopts the latest design．
C．Its material is got locally．
D．Its entire lifecycle is considered．
3．What is the writer's attitude towards the future of the glasses
A．Optimistic． B．Worried．
C．Doubtful． D．Unclear．
4．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To inform the history of glasses production．
B．To show the latest fashion trends in glasses．
C．To persuade readers to choose the green glasses．
D．To explain the challenges faced by glasses stores．
Ⅱ．阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2．5分，满分12．5分)
Saving the environment might seem like a difficult thing．But living an environmentally friendly life is quite easy．With just a few small lifestyle changes，you can protect the planet and also live a healthier life for yourself! 1 ．
Cut back on driving
Find other forms of transportation that consume less or no petrol． 2 ．They won't cause any pollution or consume natural resources．If that isn't a choice，consider sharing with others or using public transportation．Replacing car trips with public transport reduces traffic jams and the overall amount of petrol，cutting back your carbon footprint．
Volunteer to clean up your community
Volunteer work has a directly positive impact on the environment in your area．You can volunteer to pick up litter，plant community gardens or clean up rivers．Find an activity that suits your interests and set aside time to help regularly． 3 ．If you prefer to be part of a group，volunteer with friends，your class or anyone else．
Upcycle items
4 ．Instead of throwing things away，give them another purpose by making jewelry，household accessories or restyled clothing．Upcycling is fun and good for the earth．For example，you could turn an old T shirt into a grocery bag or use cinder blocks(空心煤渣砖) to make outdoor planters．Experiment and look for new ways to adapt used objects．
5
Some chemicals have harmful long term effects on the environment．Choose chemical free products，plus all natural household cleaners，beauty and hygiene products．The fewer chemicals you use，the healthier the environment will be．Plus，natural and chemical free products are also good for you!
A．Keep recycled items properly
B．Use fewer chemicals in your daily life
C．Walk or ride a bike whenever possible
D．Here are some tips that may be of great help
E．Consider investing in an electric or hybrid(混合动力) vehicle
F．You can join an environmental organization that attracts you，too
G．Creatively repurpose unwanted items to put less trash into the world
Ⅲ．完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Once upon a time in a small village，there lived a boy named Jack．Jack was a curious and kind hearted boy，always eager to 1 the world around him．Every day，he would wander through the fields， 2 the beauty of nature．
One sunny afternoon，while exploring a forest near his village，Jack came across a small， 3 bird．It was struggling to fly，and its wing appeared to be broken．Jack carefully 4 the bird and gently held it in his hands．He decided to take it 5 and help it get better．
For days，Jack put himself to caring for the bird．He built a comfortable little nest(鸟窝) in a box and 6 it small pieces of bread and water．He spoke to it 7 ，believing that his words would provide 8 ．Slowly but surely，the bird began to regain its 9 ．
One morning，Jack woke up to find the bird standing on the edge of its nest，moving its wings．With a sense of 10 ，Jack realized the bird was ready to fly again．He took it outside and 11 as it flew into the sky，free and healthy once more．
As the bird disappeared into the 12 ，Jack felt a warm feeling in his heart．He knew that he had made a 13 ，no matter how small．This experience taught Jack the value of 14 and the importance of helping those in need．From that day on，he 15 himself to always lend a helping hand，just as he had done for the little bird．
1．A．explore B．avoid
C．praise D．ignore
2．A．creating B．admiring
C．examining D．forgetting
3．A．locked B．amazing
C．injured D．surprising
4．A．looked after B．put down
C．picked up D．came across
5．A．school B．office
C．park D．home
6．A．moved B．flooded
C．bought D．fed
7．A．softly B．loudly
C．easily D．quickly
8．A．food B．hurt
C．comfort D．health
9．A．light B．strength
C．color D．voice
10．A．joy B．disappointment
C．anger D．sadness
11．A．watched B．slept
C．jumped D．ran
12．A．house B．rain
C．distance D．village
13．A．joke B．choice
C．lie D．difference
14．A．tiredness B．kindness
C．friendliness D．hope
15．A．ordered B．forced
C．enjoyed D．promised
Ⅳ．语法填空(共10小题；每小题1．5分，满分15分)
A new study shows that polar bears are struggling to find enough food on the decreasing(减少) Arctic ice．
1． (record) their feeding behavior，researchers fitted nine polar bears in the Arctic with the GPS camera collars(项圈)．They also measured the bears' energy use．The results showed that most of the animals had difficulty 2． (get) enough food to meet their energy needs．
“We found that polar bears actually have much higher energy demands than predicted．They need to catch more seals，” said Anthony Pagano，a US wildlife biologist 3． (lead) the study．“The Arctic sea ice is decreasing 4． a rate of about 14% every ten years as 5． result of global warming，6． is likely to reduce polar bears' access(接近) to seals．In the past centuries，polar bears 7． (hunt) seals on sea ice，but when the ice is gone，they now need to travel 8． (far) and consume more energy than before to find seals．”
“Ice loss will eventually cause polar bears to die out in the wild unless stronger methods 9． (take)．Since it is human activities on the earth that result in global warming，we 10． (probable) need to take action at once．” Pagano added．
课时提升作业(十七)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．barrier 2．reef 3．structure 4．Organism 5．observatory 6．canyon 7．camel 8．desert 9．sail 10．tunnel
Ⅱ．1．to/with whom Tom was talking 2．the roof of which/of which the roof 3．the door of which/of which the door 4．the reason for which 5．the way that/in which 6．in which there are many cartoon pictures 7．in which every student is interested 8．the way that/in which we make friends
Ⅲ．1．who 2．in which 3．who 4．whom 5．who 6．during which 7．at which 8．from which
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4
B D A C
Ⅱ．
1 2 3 4 5
D C F G B
Ⅲ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A B C C D D A C
9 10 11 12 13 14 15
B A A C D B D
Ⅳ．1．To record 2．getting 3．leading 4．at 5．a 6．which 7．have hunted 8．farther 9．are taken 10．probably
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型环保眼镜，强调其在整个生命周期中对环境的影响较小，并呼吁读者选择这种绿色产品。
1．B [词义猜测题。根据上文“Talking about glasses，not just any kind but those that are kind to the planet，we mean the green glasses．”可知，上文说的是对地球友好的环保眼镜，再根据下文对于这种眼镜在制作过程中注重环保等相关描述可推测出“sustainable”在这里的意思是环保的、对生态友好的，与 “Ecofriendly”意思相近。]
2．D [细节理解题。根据第三段中“Companies that care about the environment will make sure their glasses last a long time，from when they start making them to when they're no longer needed．”可知，关心环境的公司会确保他们的眼镜从开始制作到不再被需要的整个过程都能使用很长时间，新型眼镜的整个生命周期都被考虑到了，包括从选材到制作以及后续使用等各方面。]
3．A [观点态度题。根据最后一段中“The future of glasses is looking bright! The way glasses are made is changing，with green materials and methods．As more people become interested in green products and technology improves，there will be more green choices available．”可知，眼镜的未来看起来很光明，可推理出作者对眼镜的未来充满了积极乐观的态度，认为其前景很好。]
4．C [写作意图题。根据第一段中“Talking about glasses，not just any kind but those that are kind to the planet，we mean the green glasses．Have you heard of glasses that look stylish，feel comfortable，and most importantly，don't harm the environment？”、第二段中“You might be surprised to learn how far your glasses are from green．They're often made from plastic and metal，which use a lot of energy and resources to produce．The process of making them can be harmful to the environment．”以及最后一段可知，文章开篇引出对环境友好的绿色眼镜，接着介绍了普通眼镜制作存在的环保问题以及新型绿色眼镜在制作等方面的优势，最后呼吁大家选择绿色眼镜，成为改变的一部分，所以文章的目的是说服读者选择绿色眼镜。]
Ⅱ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。拯救环境似乎是一件困难的事情。但是，只要稍微改变一下生活方式，你就可以在保护地球的同时，过上更健康的生活！本文对具体的做法提出了几个建议。
1．D [根据上文“With just a few small lifestyle changes...live a healthier life for yourself！”以及下文Cut back on driving可知，此处讲的是改变生活方式，在保护地球的同时过上健康的生活，下文直接给出了建议可知，空白处为过渡句，应选择表示“以下是一些有帮助的建议”含义的表达，与D项表达的含义一致，故选D。]
2．C [根据下文“They won't cause any pollution or consume natural resources．”可知，上文说的是要选择不会造成任何污染或消耗自然资源的交通方式，与C项表达的含义一致，故选C。]
3．F [根据下文“If you prefer to be part of a group，volunteer with friends，your class or anyone else．”可知，上文给的建议是加入一个环保团队或组织，与F项表达的含义一致，故选F。]
4．G [根据下文“Instead of throwing things away...household accessories or restyled clothing．”可知，此处上下文说的是要创造性地调整不需要的物品的用途，减少垃圾，与G项表达的含义一致，故选G。]
5．B [根据下文“Some chemicals have harmful longterm effects on...beauty and hygiene products．”可知，此处上下文说的是要减少使用化学物质，与B项表达的含义一致，故选B。]
Ⅲ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了男孩杰克在森林里发现一只翅膀受伤的小鸟，他把小鸟带回家，用心照顾。逐渐地，小鸟恢复了体力，再次飞翔。这段经历让杰克意识到善良的价值和帮助有需要的人的重要性。
1．A [根据上文“Jack was a curious and kindhearted boy”可知，杰克是个好奇的男孩，由此可知，他总是渴望探索周围的世界。]
2．B [根据上文“he would wander through the fields”可知，杰克在田野里漫步，是为了欣赏大自然的美丽。]
3．C [根据下文“its wing appeared to be broken”可知，它的翅膀好像断了，由此可知，杰克遇到了一只受伤的小鸟。]
4．C [根据上文“It was struggling to fly，and its wing appeared to be broken．”可知，鸟的翅膀好像断了，飞不起来了，由此可知，杰克小心地捡起那只鸟，然后轻轻地握在手里。]
5．D [根据下文“One morning，Jack woke up to find the bird standing on the edge of its nest，moving its wings．”可知，杰克早晨醒来时就看到那只鸟，由此可知，他把它带回家了。]
6．D [根据下文“small pieces of bread and water”可知，小块面包和水是杰克喂给小鸟的食物。]
7．A [根据上文“Jack put himself to caring for the bird”可知，杰克全身心地照顾这只鸟，由此可知，他轻柔地对它说话，怕吓到它。故选A项。]
8．C [根据上文“He spoke to it ________”可知，杰克轻柔地对它说话，是想让自己的话给这只受伤的小鸟带来安慰。]
9．B [根据下文“One morning，Jack woke up to find the bird standing on the edge of its nest，moving its wings．”可知，小鸟能够重新挥动翅膀，由此可知，它开始恢复体力。]
10．A [根据下文“Jack realized the bird was ready to fly again”可知，杰克意识到那只鸟已经准备好再次飞翔了，由此可知，这让他很高兴。]
11．A [根据下文“flew into the sky”可知，鸟儿飞向天空，由此可知，他看着这一场景。]
12．C [根据上文“flew into the sky”可知，鸟儿飞向天空，由此可知，鸟儿飞走了，消失在远处。]
13．D [根据上文“flew into the sky”可知，杰克帮助受伤的鸟儿再次飞翔，由此可知，他对其他生物的生活有影响，make a difference意为“有影响”。 ]
14．B [根据上文“flew into the sky”可知，杰克帮助受伤的鸟儿再次飞翔，由此可知，他对其他生物展示了善良，这段经历教会了杰克善良的价值。]
15．D [根据上文“This experience taught Jack the value of ________ and the importance of helping those in need．”可知，这段经历教会了杰克善良的价值和帮助有需要的人的重要性，由此可知，他对自己许下承诺，要对有需要的人伸出援手。]
Ⅳ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了新研究表明北极熊因北极冰层减少而难以找到足够食物。
1．To record [考查非谓语动词。此处需要填入动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了记录它们的觅食行为”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To record。]
2．getting [考查非谓语动词。have difficulty(in) doing sth．“做某事有困难”。故填getting。]
3．leading [考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语，修饰名词a US wildlife biologist，lead和a US wildlife biologist为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用动词ing形式。故填leading。]
4．at [考查介词。at a rate of...“以……的速度”。]
5．a [考查冠词。as a result of“由于……”。故填a。]
6．which [考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。]
7．have hunted [考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past centuries可知，使用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have hunted。]
8．farther [考查比较级。根据空后的“than”可知，此处应用比较级farther。故填farther。]
9．are taken [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主句为一般将来时，unless引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时表将来，stronger methods和take之间为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用are。故填are taken。]
10．probably [考查词性转换。修饰动词need，需用副词probably，作状语。故填probably。]
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