Period 6 写作(Writing)
写一篇概要
本单元的写作项目是写一篇概要，即高考题中的概要写作。
概要写作，是指在正确理解文章的基础上，不改变原文的中心思想，并用简明、精炼的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
一、解题步骤
二、注意事项
1．不能把文章的细节性信息当作重点，不能照抄文章原句；
2．要对文章的具体内容进行提炼、概括，用自己的语言把文章的主要内容完整、准确、简洁、连贯地表达出来；
3．要注意运用适当的衔接词，多用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。
三、精彩语句
1．Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly．
海洋中的氧气含量正在迅速下降。
2．There are three reasons causing extinction of endangered animals．
造成濒危动物灭绝的原因有三个。
3．African elephants are endangered with greatly reduced numbers due to illegal poaching and shrinking habitat．
由于非法偷猎和栖息地的不断缩小，非洲象的数量急剧减少，濒临灭绝。
4．First，people hunt animals for food and their skins．
首先，人们捕杀动物是为了获取食物和它们的皮毛。
5．Last but not least，higher education can lead to full personal development．
最后但同样重要的是，高等教育可以带来全面的个人发展。
6．So，it's high time that we should take action rather than just talking．
所以，现在是我们应该采取行动而不仅仅是空谈的时候了。
7．However，they are disappearing at an alarming rate for unknown reason．
然而，由于某种未知的原因，它们正以惊人的速度消失。
8．When giving praise，parents should be sincere and concentrate on the process instead of the result．
当给予赞扬时，父母应该真诚并且关注过程而不是结果。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In schools and at home，most of us have been scolded(责骂) or even got punished for daydreaming．Most people say that by daydreaming we waste our time and energy on something that is nothing less than unproductive things．But many medical studies have shown something different．They've stressed the fact that daydreaming works wonders on our imagination，creativity and situation-handling techniques．In fact，many problems can be easily solved if we daydream．
The biggest benefit of daydreaming is that your mood gets the right improvement．By separating yourself from the world around you，you tend to enjoy the solitude(独处) in your mind and get peace from daydreaming as you think about something that calms your senses．When you start imagining things while daydreaming，you tend to forget all the stress and tension．Instead，you get happiness from it and this happiness changes into a source of energy that helps you work in a good mood．
Many psychologists have said that people who daydream tend to have a sharper memory．It's true that when you're daydreaming，you tend to get carried away to imagine various situations，either real or unreal．You tend to act differently in different situations，trying to satisfy your mind by doing what you want in your dreams．When your mind gets satisfied，you're in a better position to concentrate more on your work．Since daydreaming activates(激活) the nerves of your brain，you tend to pay more attention and your ability to remember things develops．
When you daydream，you imagine yourself as your heart says and therefore，you get to know yourself better．You also start realizing the mistakes you've made in life and you start trying your best to avoid repeating them．Such imagination helps you to connect yourself with your soul．
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[审题构思]
1．确定体裁：本文属于说明文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第二和第三人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主体时态为一般现在时。
4．确定内容：
①引入话题；
②从三个方面介绍daydreaming的优势。
[整合段落主旨句]
Para．1：①Most people say that by daydreaming we waste our time and energy on something that is nothing less than unproductive things．
→___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
②But many medical studies have shown something different．They've stressed the fact that daydreaming works wonders on our imagination，creativity and situation-handling techniques．
→___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Para．2: ③The biggest benefit of daydreaming is that your mood gets the right improvement．
→___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Para．3: ④Many psychologists have said that people who daydream tend to have a sharper memory．
→___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
Para．4: ⑤When you daydream，you imagine yourself as your heart says and therefore，you get to know yourself better．You also start realizing the mistakes you've made in life and you start trying your best to avoid repeating them．
→___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
[连句成篇] (注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
阅读下面短文写一篇60词左右的概要。
Herbal medicine(草药)，which has been used for medicinal purposes，is the use of plants to treat diseases．Many herbalists use the entire plant，from the flowers，stems，leaves，and roots，in the form of everything from teas to pills．These plants contain natural，chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases—such as allergies，asthma，rheumatoid arthritis，migraine，chronic fatigue and cancer，among others．
Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because compared with chemical medicine，herbal medicine has its own advantages．Herbal medicine and remedies(治疗) are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases．The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects．However，many of the herbal medicines and remedies do not have negative side effects．If any，they are softer than chemical medicines．Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems．Herbal medicine can help weight-loss more effectively and improve overall health．
However，the cure using herbal medicine and supplements(营养品) would take some time，and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience．Worse still，herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients(成分) and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic(过敏的)．
When used correctly and directed by doctors，herbs can help treat a variety of diseases．But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated，so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives(添加剂) and these are not listed on the label(标签)．Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs，and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses(剂量)．Taking herbs on your own increases your risk．
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_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
情 感 描 写 ①sheet n．(冰或水等的)一大片 ②white as a sheet 面无血色；脸色苍白 ③harmony n．融洽相处，和谐
动 作 描 写 ①prevent v．阻挡，防止 ②harm v．伤害，损害 ③wrap v．包，裹 ④wrap one's arms around 拥抱 ⑤thunder v．打雷；轰隆隆地响；大声斥责
环 境 描 写 ①shallow adj．浅的 ②pleasant adj．令人愉快的 ③grand adj．宏伟的，壮丽的 ④waterfall n．瀑布 ⑤tunnel n．隧道 ⑥desert n．沙漠，荒漠 ⑦climate n．气候 ⑧branch n．树枝
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1．盖茨先生非常生气。
Mr Gates ____________________．
2．他无法抑制自己的愤怒。
He ________________________．
3．他转过身愤怒地大声说：“你最好解释一下发生了什么！”
He turned around and ________________，“You'd better explain what's going on！”
4．富兰克林躲在门后，变得面无血色。
____________behind the door，Franklin went ________________．
5．过了很长时间之后，富兰克林终于鼓起勇气走了出来。
After what seemed ____________，Franklin eventually____________to come out．
6．完全出乎他预料的是，盖茨先生抱住他，小声地说：“对不起。你不是故意那样做的。没有什么比你更重要。”
Quite out of his expectation，Mr Gates ________________ around him，murmuring，“I'm sorry．You didn't do it ____________．Nothing is ________________ you．”
第二步 句式升级造亮点
7．用so...that...连接句1和句2
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第三步 过渡衔接成语篇
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Period 6
单元写作
典例详析
整合段落主旨句
Para．1：①Most people regard daydreaming as a waste of time and energy． ②But that's not the case．Many medical studies have found that daydreaming has a lot of benefits．
Para．2：③Daydreaming can lighten your mood．
Para．3：④It's helpful in improving your memory．
Para．4：⑤Daydreaming can lead to greater self awareness and improve yourself．
连句成篇
【参考范文】
Most people regard daydreaming as a waste of time and energy．But, that's not the case．Many medical studies have found that daydreaming has a lot of benefits．First of all, daydreaming can lighten your mood．What's more, it's helpful in improving your memory．Last but not least, daydreaming can lead to greater self awareness and improve yourself．
即时训练
【参考范文】
Herbal medicine，made from the entire plants containing natural chemical things into various forms，is used to treat some diseases．(要点1) Different from chemical medicine，herbal medicine is better in several ways such as its more effectiveness and fewer negative side effects．(要点2)However，herbal medicine requires more time for recovery and tends to cause allergy as well．(要点3)Therefore，people should use herbal medicine with caution．(要点4)
读后续写
语料运用
第一步：
1．was very angry 2．couldn't contain his anger 3．thundered in anger 4．Hiding himself；as white as a sheet 5．for ages；gathered courage 6．wrapped his arms；by design；more important than
第二步：
7．Mr Gates was so angry that he couldn't contain his anger．
第三步：
Mr Gates was so angry that he couldn't contain his anger．He turned around and thundered in anger，“You'd better explain what's going on！” Hiding himself behind the door，Franklin went as white as a sheet．After what seemed for ages，Franklin eventually gathered courage to come out．Quite out of his expectation，Mr Gates wrapped his arms around him，murmuring，“I'm sorry．You didn't do it by design．Nothing is more important than you．”
1/1(共79张PPT)
复习任务群一
现代文阅读Ⅰ
把握共性之“新” 打通应考之“脉”
Unit 6
At one with nature
Period 6 课时学案 写作(Writing)
主题语境 人与自然——人类生存与环境的关系
写一篇概要
本单元的写作项目是写一篇概要，即高考题中的概要写作。
概要写作，是指在正确理解文章的基础上，不改变原文的中心思想，并用简明、精炼的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。
一、解题步骤
二、注意事项
1．不能把文章的细节性信息当作重点，不能照抄文章原句；
2．要对文章的具体内容进行提炼、概括，用自己的语言把文章的主要内容完整、准确、简洁、连贯地表达出来；
3．要注意运用适当的衔接词，多用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。
三、精彩语句
1．Oxygen levels in the oceans are dropping rapidly．
海洋中的氧气含量正在迅速下降。
2．There are three reasons causing extinction of endangered animals．
造成濒危动物灭绝的原因有三个。
3．African elephants are endangered with greatly reduced numbers due to illegal poaching and shrinking habitat．
由于非法偷猎和栖息地的不断缩小，非洲象的数量急剧减少，濒临灭绝。
4．First，people hunt animals for food and their skins．
首先，人们捕杀动物是为了获取食物和它们的皮毛。
5．Last but not least，higher education can lead to full personal development．
最后但同样重要的是，高等教育可以带来全面的个人发展。
6．So，it's high time that we should take action rather than just talking．
所以，现在是我们应该采取行动而不仅仅是空谈的时候了。
7．However，they are disappearing at an alarming rate for unknown reason．
然而，由于某种未知的原因，它们正以惊人的速度消失。
8．When giving praise，parents should be sincere and concentrate on the process instead of the result．
当给予赞扬时，父母应该真诚并且关注过程而不是结果。
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
In schools and at home，most of us have been scolded(责骂) or even got punished for daydreaming．Most people say that by daydreaming we waste our time and energy on something that is nothing less than unproductive things．But many medical studies have shown something different．They've stressed the fact that daydreaming works wonders on our imagination，creativity and situation-handling techniques．In fact，many problems can be easily solved if we daydream．
The biggest benefit of daydreaming is that your mood gets the right improvement．By separating yourself from the world around you，you tend to enjoy the solitude(独处) in your mind and get peace from daydreaming as you think about something that calms your senses．When you start imagining things while daydreaming，you tend to forget all the stress and tension．Instead，you get happiness from it and this happiness changes into a source of energy that helps you work in a good mood．
Many psychologists have said that people who daydream tend to have a sharper memory．It's true that when you're daydreaming，you tend to get carried away to imagine various situations，either real or unreal．You tend to act differently in different situations，trying to satisfy your mind by doing what you want in your dreams．When your mind gets satisfied，you're in a better position to concentrate more on your work．Since daydreaming activates(激活) the nerves of your brain，you tend to pay more attention and your ability to remember things develops．
When you daydream，you imagine yourself as your heart says and therefore，you get to know yourself better．You also start realizing the mistakes you've made in life and you start trying your best to avoid repeating them．Such imagination helps you to connect yourself with your soul．
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
[审题构思]
1．确定体裁：本文属于说明文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第二和第三人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主体时态为一般现在时。
4．确定内容：
①引入话题；
②从三个方面介绍daydreaming的优势。
[整合段落主旨句]
Para．1：①Most people say that by daydreaming we waste our time and energy on something that is nothing less than unproductive things．
→_________________________________________________________
Most people regard daydreaming as a waste of time and energy．
②But many medical studies have shown something different．They've stressed the fact that daydreaming works wonders on our imagination，creativity and situation-handling techniques．
→_______________________________________________________________________________________
But that's not the case．Many medical studies have found that daydreaming has a lot of benefits．
Para．2: ③The biggest benefit of daydreaming is that your mood gets the right improvement．
→_______________________________________
Para．3: ④Many psychologists have said that people who daydream tend to have a sharper memory．
→_____________________________________________
Daydreaming can lighten your mood．
It's helpful in improving your memory．
Para．4: ⑤When you daydream，you imagine yourself as your heart says and therefore，you get to know yourself better．You also start realizing the mistakes you've made in life and you start trying your best to avoid repeating them．
→_________________________________________________________
Daydreaming can lead to greater self-awareness and improve yourself．
[连句成篇] (注意使用适当的衔接过渡词语)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Most people regard daydreaming as a waste of time and energy．But，that's not the case．Many medical studies have found that daydreaming has a lot of benefits．First of all，daydreaming can lighten your mood．What's more，it's helpful in improving your memory．Last but not least，daydreaming can lead to greater self-awareness and improve yourself．
阅读下面短文写一篇60词左右的概要。
Herbal medicine(草药)，which has been used for medicinal purposes，is the use of plants to treat diseases．Many herbalists use the entire plant，from the flowers，stems，leaves，and roots，in the form of everything from teas to pills．These plants contain natural，chemical things that can treat the body for a variety of diseases—such as allergies，asthma，rheumatoid arthritis，migraine，chronic fatigue and cancer，among others．
Nowadays an increasing number of people prefer to adopt these plants to treat their diseases because compared with chemical medicine，herbal medicine has its own advantages．Herbal medicine and remedies(治疗) are more effective than chemical medicine for certain diseases．The chemical medicine given by a chemist could have certain negative side effects．However，many of the herbal medicines and remedies do not have negative side effects．If any，they are softer than chemical medicines．Obesity is the cause of many of the health problems．Herbal medicine can help weight-loss more effectively and improve overall health．
However，the cure using herbal medicine and supplements(营养品) would take some time，and therefore people are supposed to possess enough patience．Worse still，herbal medicine contains a variety of ingredients(成分) and people have to be sure that their body agrees with the ingredients and that it is not allergic(过敏的)．
When used correctly and directed by doctors，herbs can help treat a variety of diseases．But keep in mind that the herbal medicine industry is not regulated，so herbal products are often misleading and may contain additives(添加剂) and these are not listed on the label(标签)．Some herbs may cause allergic reactions or interact with other drugs，and some are poisonous if used improperly or at high doses(剂量)．Taking herbs on your own increases your risk．
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Herbal medicine，made from the entire plants containing natural chemical things into various forms，is used to treat some diseases．(要点1) Different from chemical medicine，herbal medicine is better in several ways such as its more effectiveness and fewer negative side effects．(要点2)However，herbal medicine requires more time for recovery and tends to cause allergy as well．(要点3)Therefore，people should use herbal medicine with caution．(要点4)
情感 描写 ①sheet n．(冰或水等的)一大片
②white as a sheet 面无血色；脸色苍白
③harmony n．融洽相处，和谐
动作 描写 ①prevent v．阻挡，防止
②harm v．伤害，损害
③wrap v．包，裹
④wrap one's arms around 拥抱
⑤thunder v．打雷；轰隆隆地响；大声斥责
环境 描写 ①shallow adj．浅的
②pleasant adj．令人愉快的
③grand adj．宏伟的，壮丽的
④waterfall n．瀑布
⑤tunnel n．隧道
⑥desert n．沙漠，荒漠
⑦climate n．气候
⑧branch n．树枝
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1．盖茨先生非常生气。
Mr Gates ________________．
2．他无法抑制自己的愤怒。
He ______________________________．
3．他转过身愤怒地大声说：“你最好解释一下发生了什么！”
He turned around and ____________________，“You'd better explain what's going on！”
was very angry
couldn't contain his anger
thundered in anger
4．富兰克林躲在门后，变得面无血色。
______________ behind the door，Franklin went ________________．
5．过了很长时间之后，富兰克林终于鼓起勇气走了出来。
After what seemed _________，Franklin eventually ________________
to come out．
Hiding himself
as white as a sheet
for ages
gathered courage
6．完全出乎他预料的是，盖茨先生抱住他，小声地说：“对不起。你不是故意那样做的。没有什么比你更重要。”
Quite out of his expectation，Mr Gates __________________ around him，murmuring，“I'm sorry．You didn't do it _________．Nothing is _____________________ you．”
wrapped his arms
by design
more important than
第二步 句式升级造亮点
7．用so...that...连接句1和句2
___________________________________________________________
第三步 过渡衔接成语篇
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mr Gates was so angry that he couldn't contain his anger．
【参考范文】
Mr Gates was so angry that he couldn't contain his anger．He turned around and thundered in anger，“You'd better explain what's going on！” Hiding himself behind the door，Franklin went as white as a sheet．After what seemed for ages，Franklin eventually gathered courage to come out．Quite out of his expectation，Mr Gates wrapped his arms around him，murmuring，“I'm sorry．You didn't do it by design．Nothing is more important than you．”
课时提升作业(十八) (Unit 6 Developing ideas & Writing)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：102.5分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．As an old saying goes，“ ______ (美) exists everywhere．”
2．This is the one major drawback of the new ______ (系统)．
3．I think the _______ (味道) of fresh strawberries is out of this world．
Beauty
system
flavour
4．Some companies might not let you ____ (租借) a car unless you have a credit card．
5．He had received ______ (专家的) academic advice．
rent
expert
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．I suggest the time when people dance on the square should be _______ (limit)．
2．I'm sure my hometown will become more and more _________ (beauty) in the future．
3．Beautiful and neat handwriting is __________ (benefit)，especially for middle school students．
4．The most ________ (pleasure) thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust．
5．If you're feeling _________ (energy)，we could go out for a run．
limited
beautiful
beneficial
pleasant
energetic
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
have an effect on，a variety of，at one with，reflect on，lead to
1．Being _____________ nature means being in harmony with all the plants，insects and animals．
2．The long hot summer has _______ serious water shortages．
3．What you say or do will ____________________ others．
4．The skin can appear ______________ colours including brown，yellow，green or orange．
5．Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of ______________ how you learn．
at one with
led to
have an effect on
a variety of
reflecting on
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．除了刷墙外，我们还在修屋顶。
_________________________________we are repairing the rooftop．
2．当你疲劳的时候，没有什么比好好休息更好的了。
There is _____________________ a good rest when you are tired．
3．昨晚被邀请参加你们聚会的所谓的客人是谁？
Who were the so-called guests ________________________ last night
As well as painting the wall，
nothing better than
invited to your party
4．他们通宵点着灯，假装在努力工作。
They pretended to be working hard all night _____________________．
5．汤姆很擅长科学，而他的兄弟有“绿手指”。
Tom is really good at science _________________________________．
with their lights burning
while his brother has “green fingers”
Ⅴ．补全短文(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．______________________________________________ (在参加“人与自然”活动时)，I found it very interesting and rewarding．The experience with the activity 2．___________________ (对我大有裨益)．Admiring natural beauty 3．____________________
__________________________________ (使投入大量精力来保护它成为我的责任)．What's more，this activity provided opportunities to communicate with other students．Last but not least，I hope that this
While taking part in the “Human and Nature” activity
is of great benefit to me
made it my duty to
devote a lot of energies to protect it
activity can remind people of the importance of 4．_________________
_________________ (与自然和谐相处)．To conclude，I'm convinced that there is 5．_____________________________ (没有什么比……更有价值) the sustainable development and the balance between human and nature．
living with nature
nothing more valuable than
in harmony
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Hundreds of emperor penguin chicks jumped off a 15-meter cliff(悬崖)，as high as a five-story building．This scene was captured by drones in January at Atka Bay，Antarctica，and was put out recently in a documentary series called Secrets of the Penguins．
This jump seems brave but could be lethal to these young penguins．
According to National Geographic，emperor penguins usually raise their chicks on sea ice platforms．Not long after they turn 5 months old，the chicks have to begin their first swim in the ocean to hunt for themselves．Normally，they just need to jump from the sea ice，which is less than a meter high．
However，the fast-melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation．The Antarctic summer sea ice has decreased sharply since 2016，reported the media．in February 2023，the total area of sea ice reached a record low of 1.91 million square kilometers．
Emperors depend on sea ice for their breeding cycle，it's the stable platform they use to bring up their young．Peter Fretwell from the British Antarctic Survey(BAS)，told the media．If the ice platform melts or breaks apart before they could swim，they are more likely to drown or freeze to death．For this reason emperor penguins are now choosing to raise their babies on the ice shelf，which is firmly attached to the land．Therefore，chicks must face the challenge of jumping off a high cliff．
“When the chicks get to this cliff face，they're like...‘This does not look like a fun jump，but I guess I'm gonna have to go’，” Michelle LaRue，a scientist at the University of Canterbury，New Zealand，told National Geographic．
“Alarmingly，the decline in the ice has caused thousands of emperor penguin chicks to die in West Antarctica in 2022．The continuing decline of sea ice may force more emperors to make their nests on ice shelves，” said Fretwell．“It's heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it's on at the moment，” he added．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了企鹅幼崽因南极海冰融化被迫从高崖跳海，气候变化加剧，企鹅生存面临严重威胁。
√
1．What does the underlined word “lethal” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Deadly． B．Pleasant．
C．Unusual． D．Boring．
A [词义猜测题。根据第二段“This jump seems brave but could be lethal to these young penguins．”和最后一段中的“‘The continuing decline of sea ice may force more emperors to make their nests on ice shelves，’said Fretwell．‘It's heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it's on at the moment，’he added．”可知，这次跳跃看起来很勇敢，但对这些年轻的企鹅来说可能是致命的，lethal意为“致命的”。故选A。]
2．Why do emperor penguin chicks jump off cliffs
A．They want to travel across the ocean．
B．They are trying to escape predators．
C．They are celebrating getting their adult feathers．
D．They have no other way to enter the water to hunt．
√
D [推理判断题。根据第三段“According to National Geographic，emperor penguins usually raise their chicks on sea ice platforms...Normally，they just need to jump from the sea ice，which is less than a meter high．”和第四段中的“However，the fast-melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation．”可知，小企鹅们跳下悬崖是因为它们没有其他办法进入水中捕猎。]
3．What factor is leading to emperor penguins raising their young on ice shelves
A．Declining sea levels．
B．The rapid melting of sea ice．
C．More available food for the chicks．
D．Bigger size of ice shelves．
√
B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However，the fast-melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation．”和第五段“Emperors depend on sea ice for their breeding cycle...which is firmly attached to the land．Therefore，chicks must face the challenge of jumping off a high cliff．”可知，南极洲快速融化的冰导致帝企鹅在冰架上抚养幼崽。]
4．What is the main concern Fretwell expressed regarding emperor penguins
A．The shorter breeding cycle．
B．Their ability to hunt for themselves．
C．The potential extinction of the species．
D．Their increased dependence on sea ice．
√
C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘It's heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it's on at the moment，’he added．”可知，Fretwell主要担心的是帝企鹅物种的潜在灭绝。]
B
Begun 30 years ago，the Kubuqi desert greening project has succeeded in not only controlling the fast growth of the seventh-largest desert in China，about the size of Kuwait，but also turning about 6，000 square kilometers of the desert—more than one third of it—green．
The desert lies about 800 kilometers to the west of Beijing in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the greening efforts have also controlled desertification(沙漠化)in the rest of the area．
The project，which began about 30 years ago，can be seen as an example of efforts to advance green development，in order to create harmony between humans and nature，and leave a better environment for future generations．
The success of the project，which has been praised by the UN Environment Programme as an “eco-pioneer”，sets an example for successful desertification control and ecosystem improvement based on effective government policies，supported by investment(投资)in the eco-industry and combined with the efforts of local farmers．These three aspects are the key to the success of the “Kubuqi model”．
Elion，a private ecology and investment company，has invested about 38 billion yuan($ 5.82 billion) in the Kubuqi desert greening project since 1988，helping to lift about 102，000 local farmers out of poverty．For example，the locals grow a drought-tolerant(耐旱的)plant，Chinese licorice，which is the most used herb in traditional Chinese medicine．The plant helps enrich the desert soil，with the bacteria around the roots of the plants producing nitrogen(氮气)．Besides，Cistanche，another type of drought-tolerant herb，was introduced after the successful planting of licorice．Under the company's guidance and with the local government's support，the local people benefit from the “environmental wealth”．
More companies should be encouraged to apply the “Kubuqi model” to other desert control projects in Inner Mongolia and neighboring Gansu Province，where the climate conditions are similar but not quite the same，so as to further gain experience and enrich the model in practice．Showing it can be successfully applied in other areas will help promote the model worldwide．
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了库布齐沙漠绿化工程。
5．What do we know about the Kubuqi greening project
A．It increases the areas of desert．
B．It has turned all of the desert green．
C．It has achieved satisfying results．
D．It is applied all over the world．
√
C [细节理解题。根据第一段中“the Kubuqi desert greening project has succeeded in not only controlling...green”可知，库布齐沙漠绿化工程不仅成功地控制了中国第七大沙漠(大约相当于科威特的面积)的快速增长，而且还使大约六千平方公里的沙漠变成了绿色。因此库布齐沙漠绿化工程取得了令人满意的结果。故选C。]
6．Which is NOT the reason for the success of the “Kubuqi model”？
A．Efforts of local farmers．
B．Government policies' support．
C．Investment in the eco-industry．
D．Help from the UN Environment Programme．
√
D [细节理解题。根据第四段中“based on effective government policies，supported by investment in the eco-industry and combined with the efforts of local farmers．These three aspects are the key to the success of the ‘Kubuqi model’．”可知，有效的政府政策、生态产业投资和当地农民的努力，这三个方面是“库布齐模式”成功的关键。联合国环境规划署的帮助不是“库布齐模式”成功的原因。故选D。]
7．How does the author develop paragraph 5
A．By following the time order．
B．By giving examples．
C．By giving a definition(定义)．
D．By making comparisons．
√
B [推理判断题。根据第五段中“For example(例如)”和“Besides(此外)”可知，作者通过举例来展开第五段内容。故选B。]
8．What is the author's attitude towards the greening project
A．Negative． B．Doubtful．
C．Supportive． D．Indifferent．
√
C [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为应鼓励更多企业将“库布齐模式”应用于其他治沙项目中，进一步积累经验，丰富实践模式。证明它可以被成功地应用于其他领域将有助于在世界范围内推广这种模式。由此可推知，作者对这项绿化工程持支持态度。故选C。]
Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分)
4月22日是世界地球日(The World Earth Day)。假定你是英文报的编辑李华，请你为校英文报写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1．介绍世界地球日：
(1)时间：每年的 4月22日；
(2)范围：全球；
(3)目的：提高人们对环境问题的认识。
2．对中学生如何改善我们生活的环境提出具体建议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear classmates，
The World Earth Day is coming．___________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let's protect our environment together!
Yours，
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear classmates，
The World Earth Day is coming．It is an international day that usually falls on 22 April every year．Its goal is to raise people's awareness about the environmental problems．
There are some ways we can do to improve our living environment．First，plant more trees and flowers，which are pleasing to the environment．Second，turn off the lights when we leave the room．It is a good way to save energy．Third，walk or ride a bike to school instead of taking a car to reduce exhaust gas．I hope all the students in our school will take an active part in protecting the environment．
Let's protect our environment together!
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last summer，I traveled to Rockville，Maryland，to visit my parents．The trip was special because I had brought along my ten-year-old dog Dakota，who had been part of my family since he was a puppy．My parents had not seen him since I moved to California two years ago，and they were excited about seeing him again．
On the way back，my brother dropped Dakota and me at the airport．After checking in，I stayed with Dakota until an airport worker came to get him．Seeing him off，I headed to the gate and boarded the plane．
About two hours into the flight，the captain came up to me．He told me that he had received a call from the airport worker who said that Dakota had been carelessly loaded in the wrong cargo hold(货舱)．He went on to explain that the plane was divided into two cargo holds—forward and rear．The rear cargo hold was designed as animal cargo，as it was lighted，pressurized and heated，while the forward cargo was not designed or used for animal cargo．He said Dakota had been misplaced in the forward cargo hold，and since it was not properly heated，he could not be sure that Dakota was okay，especially in the freezing temperatures at thirty thousand feet．
I couldn't believe what he was telling me．I turned white as a ghost as my eyes watered with tears．The captain then told me that he was going to make an unscheduled landing in Denver．Again he said that he did not know if Dakota was still alive．Even though I was very upset，I was grateful that the captain was going to stop in Denver．He went on to explain that once we landed，I could go with him to check if Dakota was alright．
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Unfortunately for Dakota and me，we had another hour to go before we could land in Denver．_______________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
When we landed in Denver，I could hear the ground crew opening the cargo hold door．_________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Unfortunately for Dakota and me，we had another hour to go before we could land in Denver．I couldn't help but think about Dakota in that cargo hold and wonder what he was going through．Gazing out the window，memories of our happy times together flooded my mind，from his puppy days to all the challenges we had faced over the years．I reminded myself of his resilience and strength．If anyone could survive，it would be him．The more I pondered Dakota's fate，the more hopeful I became that he was still alive and would pull through．
When we landed in Denver，I could hear the ground crew opening the cargo hold door．Without wasting a moment，I unbuckled my seat belt，exited the plane，and hurried down the stairs．My heart raced with excitement．Then，the ground crew signaled me with a thumbs-up: I hadn't lost my beloved companion! Approaching the pet carrier，I could see Dakota trembling inside．Immediately，I unlocked the door and cradled him in my arms．My loyal Dakota was alive and safe in my embrace！
谢 谢！课时提升作业(十八) (Unit 6 Developing ideas & Writing)
(建议用时：45分钟 总分：102．5分)
Ⅰ．品句填词(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
1．As an old saying goes，“ (美) exists everywhere．”
2．This is the one major drawback of the new (系统)．
3．I think the (味道) of fresh strawberries is out of this world．
4．Some companies might not let you (租借) a car unless you have a credit card．
5．He had received (专家的) academic advice．
Ⅱ．词性转换(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
1．I suggest the time when people dance on the square should be (limit)．
2．I'm sure my hometown will become more and more (beauty) in the future．
3．Beautiful and neat handwriting is (benefit)，especially for middle school students．
4．The most (pleasure) thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust．
5．If you're feeling (energy)，we could go out for a run．
Ⅲ．短语填空(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分)
have an effect on，a variety of，at one with，reflect on，lead to
1．Being nature means being in harmony with all the plants，insects and animals．
2．The long hot summer has serious water shortages．
3．What you say or do will others．
4．The skin can appear colours including brown，yellow，green or orange．
5．Your performance as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of
how you learn．
Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1．除了刷墙外，我们还在修屋顶。
， we are repairing the rooftop．
2．当你疲劳的时候，没有什么比好好休息更好的了。
There is a good rest when you are tired．
3．昨晚被邀请参加你们聚会的所谓的客人是谁？
Who were the so called guests last night
4．他们通宵点着灯，假装在努力工作。
They pretended to be working hard all night ．
5．汤姆很擅长科学，而他的兄弟有“绿手指”。
Tom is really good at science ．
Ⅴ．补全短文(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
1． (在参加“人与自然”活动时)，I found it very interesting and rewarding．The experience with the activity 2． (对我大有裨益)．Admiring natural beauty 3． (使投入大量精力来保护它成为我的责任)．What's more，this activity provided opportunities to communicate with other students．Last but not least，I hope that this activity can remind people of the importance of 4． (与自然和谐相处)．To conclude，I'm convinced that there is 5． (没有什么比……更有价值) the sustainable development and the balance between human and nature．
Ⅰ．阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2．5分，满分20分)
A
Hundreds of emperor penguin chicks jumped off a 15 meter cliff(悬崖)，as high as a five story building．This scene was captured by drones in January at Atka Bay，Antarctica，and was put out recently in a documentary series called Secrets of the Penguins．
This jump seems brave but could be lethal to these young penguins．
According to National Geographic，emperor penguins usually raise their chicks on sea ice platforms．Not long after they turn 5 months old，the chicks have to begin their first swim in the ocean to hunt for themselves．Normally，they just need to jump from the sea ice，which is less than a meter high．
However，the fast melting ice in Antarctica changes the situation．The Antarctic summer sea ice has decreased sharply since 2016，reported the media．in February 2023，the total area of sea ice reached a record low of 1．91 million square kilometers．
Emperors depend on sea ice for their breeding cycle，it's the stable platform they use to bring up their young．Peter Fretwell from the British Antarctic Survey(BAS)，told the media．If the ice platform melts or breaks apart before they could swim，they are more likely to drown or freeze to death．For this reason emperor penguins are now choosing to raise their babies on the ice shelf，which is firmly attached to the land．Therefore，chicks must face the challenge of jumping off a high cliff．
“When the chicks get to this cliff face，they're like...‘This does not look like a fun jump，but I guess I'm gonna have to go’，” Michelle LaRue，a scientist at the University of Canterbury，New Zealand，told National Geographic．
“Alarmingly，the decline in the ice has caused thousands of emperor penguin chicks to die in West Antarctica in 2022．The continuing decline of sea ice may force more emperors to make their nests on ice shelves，” said Fretwell．“It's heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it's on at the moment，” he added．
1．What does the underlined word “lethal” in paragraph 2 most probably mean
A．Deadly． B．Pleasant．
C．Unusual． D．Boring．
2．Why do emperor penguin chicks jump off cliffs
A．They want to travel across the ocean．
B．They are trying to escape predators．
C．They are celebrating getting their adult feathers．
D．They have no other way to enter the water to hunt．
3．What factor is leading to emperor penguins raising their young on ice shelves
A．Declining sea levels．
B．The rapid melting of sea ice．
C．More available food for the chicks．
D．Bigger size of ice shelves．
4．What is the main concern Fretwell expressed regarding emperor penguins
A．The shorter breeding cycle．
B．Their ability to hunt for themselves．
C．The potential extinction of the species．
D．Their increased dependence on sea ice．
B
Begun 30 years ago，the Kubuqi desert greening project has succeeded in not only controlling the fast growth of the seventh largest desert in China，about the size of Kuwait，but also turning about 6，000 square kilometers of the desert—more than one third of it—green．
The desert lies about 800 kilometers to the west of Beijing in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the greening efforts have also controlled desertification(沙漠化)in the rest of the area．
The project，which began about 30 years ago，can be seen as an example of efforts to advance green development，in order to create harmony between humans and nature，and leave a better environment for future generations．
The success of the project，which has been praised by the UN Environment Programme as an “eco pioneer”，sets an example for successful desertification control and ecosystem improvement based on effective government policies，supported by investment(投资)in the eco industry and combined with the efforts of local farmers．These three aspects are the key to the success of the “Kubuqi model”．
Elion，a private ecology and investment company，has invested about 38 billion yuan($ 5．82 billion) in the Kubuqi desert greening project since 1988，helping to lift about 102，000 local farmers out of poverty．For example，the locals grow a drought tolerant(耐旱的)plant，Chinese licorice，which is the most used herb in traditional Chinese medicine．The plant helps enrich the desert soil，with the bacteria around the roots of the plants producing nitrogen(氮气)．Besides，Cistanche，another type of drought tolerant herb，was introduced after the successful planting of licorice．Under the company's guidance and with the local government's support，the local people benefit from the “environmental wealth”．
More companies should be encouraged to apply the “Kubuqi model” to other desert control projects in Inner Mongolia and neighboring Gansu Province，where the climate conditions are similar but not quite the same，so as to further gain experience and enrich the model in practice．Showing it can be successfully applied in other areas will help promote the model worldwide．
5．What do we know about the Kubuqi greening project
A．It increases the areas of desert．
B．It has turned all of the desert green．
C．It has achieved satisfying results．
D．It is applied all over the world．
6．Which is NOT the reason for the success of the “Kubuqi model”？
A．Efforts of local farmers．
B．Government policies' support．
C．Investment in the eco industry．
D．Help from the UN Environment Programme．
7．How does the author develop paragraph 5
A．By following the time order．
B．By giving examples．
C．By giving a definition(定义)．
D．By making comparisons．
8．What is the author's attitude towards the greening project
A．Negative． B．Doubtful．
C．Supportive． D．Indifferent．
Ⅱ．应用文写作(满分15分)
4月22日是世界地球日(The World Earth Day)。假定你是英文报的编辑李华，请你为校英文报写一封倡议书，内容包括：
1．介绍世界地球日：
(1)时间：每年的 4月22日；
(2)范围：全球；
(3)目的：提高人们对环境问题的认识。
2．对中学生如何改善我们生活的环境提出具体建议。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Dear classmates，
The World Earth Day is coming．
Let's protect our environment together!
Yours，
Li Hua
Ⅲ．读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last summer，I traveled to Rockville，Maryland，to visit my parents．The trip was special because I had brought along my ten year old dog Dakota，who had been part of my family since he was a puppy．My parents had not seen him since I moved to California two years ago，and they were excited about seeing him again．
On the way back，my brother dropped Dakota and me at the airport．After checking in，I stayed with Dakota until an airport worker came to get him．Seeing him off，I headed to the gate and boarded the plane．
About two hours into the flight，the captain came up to me．He told me that he had received a call from the airport worker who said that Dakota had been carelessly loaded in the wrong cargo hold(货舱)．He went on to explain that the plane was divided into two cargo holds—forward and rear．The rear cargo hold was designed as animal cargo，as it was lighted，pressurized and heated，while the forward cargo was not designed or used for animal cargo．He said Dakota had been misplaced in the forward cargo hold，and since it was not properly heated，he could not be sure that Dakota was okay，especially in the freezing temperatures at thirty thousand feet．
I couldn't believe what he was telling me．I turned white as a ghost as my eyes watered with tears．The captain then told me that he was going to make an unscheduled landing in Denver．Again he said that he did not know if Dakota was still alive．Even though I was very upset，I was grateful that the captain was going to stop in Denver．He went on to explain that once we landed，I could go with him to check if Dakota was alright．
注意：续写词数应为150个左右。
Unfortunately for Dakota and me，we had another hour to go before we could land in Denver．
When we landed in Denver，I could hear the ground crew opening the cargo hold door．
课时提升作业(十八)
基础过关
Ⅰ．1．Beauty 2．system 3．flavour 4．rent 5．expert
Ⅱ．1．limited 2．beautiful 3．beneficial 4．pleasant 5．energetic
Ⅲ．1．at one with 2．led to 3．have an effect on 4．a variety of 5．reflecting on
Ⅳ．1．As well as painting the wall 2．nothing better than 3．invited to your party 4．with their lights burning 5．while his brother has “green fingers”
Ⅴ．1．While taking part in the “Human and Nature” activity 2．is of great benefit to me 3．made it my duty to devote a lot of energies to protect it 4．living with nature in harmony 5．nothing more valuable than
能力提升
Ⅰ．
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A D B C C D B C
Ⅱ．【参考范文】
Dear_classmates，
The_World_Earth_Day_is_coming．It is an international day that usually falls on 22 April every year．Its goal is to raise people's awareness about the environmental problems．
There are some ways we can do to improve our living environment．First，plant more trees and flowers，which are pleasing to the environment．Second，turn off the lights when we leave the room．It is a good way to save energy．Third，walk or ride a bike to school instead of taking a car to reduce exhaust gas．I hope all the students in our school will take an active part in protecting the environment．
Let's_protect_our_environment_together!
Yours，
Li_Hua
Ⅲ．【参考范文】
Unfortunately_for_Dakota_and_me，we_had_another_hour_to_go_before_we_ could_land_in_Denver．I couldn't help but think about Dakota in that cargo hold and wonder what he was going through．Gazing out the window，memories of our happy times together flooded my mind，from his puppy days to all the challenges we had faced over the years．I reminded myself of his resilience and strength．If anyone could survive，it would be him．The more I pondered Dakota's fate，the more hopeful I became that he was still alive and would pull through．
When_we_landed_in_Denver，I_could_hear_the_ground_crew_opening_the_ cargo_hold_door．Without wasting a moment，I unbuckled my seat belt，exited the plane，and hurried down the stairs．My heart raced with excitement．Then，the ground crew signaled me with a thumbsup: I hadn't lost my beloved companion! Approaching the pet carrier，I could see Dakota trembling inside．Immediately，I unlocked the door and cradled him in my arms．My loyal Dakota was alive and safe in my embrace!
能力提升
Ⅰ．【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了企鹅幼崽因南极海冰融化被迫从高崖跳海，气候变化加剧，企鹅生存面临严重威胁。
1．A [词义猜测题。根据第二段“This jump seems brave but could be lethal to these young penguins．”和最后一段中的“‘The continuing decline of sea ice may force more emperors to make their nests on ice shelves，’said Fretwell．‘It's heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it's on at the moment，’he added．”可知，这次跳跃看起来很勇敢，但对这些年轻的企鹅来说可能是致命的，lethal意为“致命的”。故选A。]
2．D [推理判断题。根据第三段“According to National Geographic，emperor penguins usually raise their chicks on sea ice platforms...Normally，they just need to jump from the sea ice，which is less than a meter high．”和第四段中的“However，the fastmelting ice in Antarctica changes the situation．”可知，小企鹅们跳下悬崖是因为它们没有其他办法进入水中捕猎。]
3．B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However，the fastmelting ice in Antarctica changes the situation．”和第五段“Emperors depend on sea ice for their breeding cycle...which is firmly attached to the land．Therefore，chicks must face the challenge of jumping off a high cliff．”可知，南极洲快速融化的冰导致帝企鹅在冰架上抚养幼崽。]
4．C [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“‘It's heartbreaking to think that the whole species may be gone if climate change continues on the path that it's on at the moment，’he added．”可知，Fretwell主要担心的是帝企鹅物种的潜在灭绝。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了库布齐沙漠绿化工程。
5．C [细节理解题。根据第一段中“the Kubuqi desert greening project has succeeded in not only controlling...green”可知，库布齐沙漠绿化工程不仅成功地控制了中国第七大沙漠(大约相当于科威特的面积)的快速增长，而且还使大约六千平方公里的沙漠变成了绿色。因此库布齐沙漠绿化工程取得了令人满意的结果。故选C。]
6．D [细节理解题。根据第四段中“based on effective government policies，supported by investment in the ecoindustry and combined with the efforts of local farmers．These three aspects are the key to the success of the ‘Kubuqi model’．”可知，有效的政府政策、生态产业投资和当地农民的努力，这三个方面是“库布齐模式”成功的关键。联合国环境规划署的帮助不是“库布齐模式”成功的原因。故选D。]
7．B [推理判断题。根据第五段中“For example(例如)”和“Besides(此外)”可知，作者通过举例来展开第五段内容。故选B。]
8．C [推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为应鼓励更多企业将“库布齐模式”应用于其他治沙项目中，进一步积累经验，丰富实践模式。证明它可以被成功地应用于其他领域将有助于在世界范围内推广这种模式。由此可推知，作者对这项绿化工程持支持态度。故选C。]
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