Unit4 Hands-on fun单元导学案（学与练）—译林版八年级上册英语

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译林版八年级上册Unit4 Hands-on fun单元导学案（学与练）
一、学习目标
词汇积累：掌握本单元重点词汇，如DIY、shelf、complete、fold等，以及相关短语，如be crazy about、put up、make a mistake等，并能在实际情境中正确运用。
语法理解：理解并掌握祈使句的用法，包括肯定式、否定式以及Let型祈使句；掌握should和had better的用法，能准确表达建议和劝告。
阅读能力：通过阅读关于DIY的文章，获取关键信息，理解DIY的概念、方法和乐趣，学习如何描述DIY经历，并能对文章内容进行推理和判断。
写作技能：能够运用所学词汇和语法，描述自己或他人的DIY经历，包括制作过程、遇到的问题及解决方法，完成一篇关于DIY的短文写作。
二、知识点梳理
（一）词汇
重点单词
DIY：n./adj. 自己动手（的） ，全称Do It Yourself ，如：I like DIY projects.（我喜欢自己动手的项目。）
shelf：n. 架子；搁板 ，复数形式为shelves ，如：There are many books on the shelves.（书架上有很多书。）
complete：v. 完成；结束 ；adj. 完整的；完全的 ，如：I will complete my homework soon.（我很快就会完成作业。）；This is a complete story.（这是一个完整的故事。）
fold：v. 折叠；对折 ，如：Fold the paper in half.（把纸对折。）
crazy：adj. 着迷的；疯狂的 ，常见短语有be crazy about（对……着迷；热衷于……） ，如：He is crazy about football.（他热衷于足球。）
instead：adv. 代替；而不是 ，常位于句首或句末 ，如：He didn't go to school by bus. Instead, he walked.（他没有乘公共汽车去上学，而是步行去的。）
repair：v. 修理；修补 ，如：My father is repairing the bike.（我爸爸正在修理自行车。）
词形变化
usual（adj. 通常的；寻常的） - unusual（adj. 特别的；不寻常的） ，如：It's unusual for him to be late.（他迟到是不寻常的。）
own（adj. 自己的） - owner（n. 物主；主人） ，如：The owner of the house is very kind.（这房子的主人很友善。）
重点短语
be crazy about：对……着迷；热衷于…… ，如：She is crazy about dancing.（她热衷于跳舞。）
put up：张贴；搭建；举起 ，如：Put up your hand if you know the answer.（如果你知道答案就举手。）；They are putting up a tent.（他们正在搭建帐篷。）
make a mistake：犯错误 ，如：I made a mistake in the math test.（我在数学考试中犯了一个错误。）
not only...but also...：不但……而且…… ，连接两个并列成分 ，如：He is not only good at math but also good at English.（他不但擅长数学而且擅长英语。）
give up：放弃 ，如：Don't give up your dream.（不要放弃你的梦想。）
keep doing sth.：一直做某事 ，如：He keeps running every morning.（他每天早上都坚持跑步。）
（二）句型
What are you going to do, Suzy ：你打算做什么，苏西？ “be going to do sth.” 表示计划、打算做某事 ，如：What are you going to do tomorrow （你明天打算做什么？）
That sounds fun.：听起来很有趣。 “sound” 在此处是系动词，意为 “听起来” ，后接形容词作表语 ，类似的系动词还有look（看起来）、smell（闻起来）、taste（尝起来）、feel（摸起来；感觉）等 ，如：The music sounds beautiful.（这首音乐听起来很美。）
I need some coloured paper, tape or glue and a pair of scissors.：我需要一些彩色纸、胶带或胶水以及一把剪刀。 “need” 在此处是实义动词，意为 “需要” ，后接名词或代词作宾语 ，如：We need some water.（我们需要一些水。）
You can fold the paper like this, and I'll cut the flower shapes.：你可以这样折纸，我会剪出花朵的形状。 “like this” 意为 “像这样” ，在句中作方式状语 ，如：Do it like this.（像这样做。）
He loves to make or repair things around his house by himself.：他喜欢自己制作或修理房子周围的东西。 “by oneself” 意为 “独自；单独” ，如：She can do her homework by herself.（她能独自完成作业。）
Instead, he bought many books about DIY and took an online DIY course as well.：相反，他买了很多关于DIY的书，还上了一门DIY在线课程。 “as well” 意为 “也” ，常用于肯定句的句末 ，如：He can speak English, and he can speak French as well.（他会说英语，也会说法语。）
He thinks DIY is a good way to have fun and save money.：他认为DIY是一种既好玩又省钱的好方法。 “a way to do sth.” 意为 “做某事的方法” ，如：This is a good way to learn English.（这是学习英语的好方法。）
（三）语法
祈使句
定义：当我们向他人发出命令、提出要求或建议时，常使用祈使句。祈使句一般省略主语you ，以动词原形开头 。
分类：
Do型：肯定式为行为动词原形 + 其他 ，如：Put up your hand, please.（请举手。）；否定式为Don't + 行为动词原形 + 其他 ，如：Don't play with fire.（不要玩火。）
Be型：肯定式为Be + 表语 + 其他 ，如：Be careful next time.（下次小心。）；否定式为Don't + be + 表语 + 其他 ，如：Don't be late next time.（下次不要迟到。）
Let型：肯定式为Let + 人称代词宾格 + 动词原形 + 其他 ，如：Let me help you carry the heavy box.（让我帮你拿这个重箱子吧。）；否定式为Don't + let + 人称代词宾格 + 动词原形 + 其他 ，如：Don't let him do that.（不要让他做那件事。） 或Let + 人称代词宾格 + not + 动词原形 + 其他 ，如：Let him not go there with his father.（让他不要和他父亲去那儿。）
无动词祈使句：如：This way, please!（请这边走！）
should和had better
should：意为 “应当；应该” ，表达责任、义务、劝告等 ，没有人称、数和时态的变化 ，如：We should do what the teacher told us.（我们应该按老师说的去做。）
had better：常简写为 ’d better ，意为 “最好” ，表示劝告、建议 ，其否定式为had better not ，如：You'd better go to hospital at once.（你最好立即去医院（看病）。）；You'd better not forget to do your homework.（你最好别忘了做家庭作业。）
（四）课文内容
Welcome to the unit：通过讨论不同的DIY活动，如制作纸玫瑰、做灯笼、粉刷墙壁等，引入本单元主题 “Hands-on fun” 。米莉询问苏西打算做什么，苏西表示要做纸玫瑰，并介绍了所需材料，米莉随后表示想一起做 。
Reading：讲述了作者的表弟安德鲁对DIY非常着迷。他认为DIY是一种既有趣又省钱的好方法 。他喜欢自己制作或修理家里的东西，比如他曾尝试在卧室安装更亮的灯，却因犯错导致整个房子停电 ；还有一次想在墙上挂画，结果钉到管道，使房间被水浸满 。尽管他总是把事情弄得一团糟，但他仍然热衷于DIY，还买了很多关于DIY的书，上了在线课程 。
Integrated skills：介绍了扎染这一有着1500多年历史的古老艺术 。扎染不仅是一种艺术形式，也是一种生活方式 。制作扎染的方法是先将布料扭曲、打结，然后染色，最后解开 。扎染可以帮助我们发展动手技能，也是与朋友和家人共度时光的有趣方式 。同时还介绍了用旧手套制作小娃娃的过程 。
Study skills：学习如何使用工具书，如词典来查找单词的含义、用法和发音 。通过具体例子，让学生了解如何利用词典解决学习中遇到的问题 。
Task：要求学生写一篇关于自己DIY经历的短文 。可以描述制作的物品、制作过程、遇到的困难及解决方法，以及自己的感受和收获 。例如制作风筝、蛋糕等 。
三、随堂练习
（一）词汇运用（每题2分，共20分）
My cousin is ______ (crazy) about DIY. He often makes things by himself.
Please ______ (complete) the sentences with the correct words.
There are two ______ (shelf) in my room. One is for books and the other is for toys.
She ______ (fold) the letter and put it into the envelope.
Instead of ______ (watch) TV, he reads books every evening.
My father is good at ______ (repair) things. He can fix my bike easily.
We should not give up ______ (try) when we meet difficulties.
He made a lot of ______ (mistake) in his homework. His teacher was angry with him.
You'd better ______ (not be) late for school again.
Not only my sister but also I ______ (be) interested in DIY.
（二）单项选择（每题2分，共20分）
—What are you going to do this weekend
—______ make a kite.
A. I'm going B. I'm going to C. I go to D. I will to
That music ______ very beautiful. I like it very much.
A. sounds B. looks C. tastes D. smells
You need ______ some glue and a pair of scissors to make the paper roses.
A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. bought
He is crazy ______ playing basketball. He plays it every day.
A. with B. about C. in D. at
Don't ______ the pictures on the wall. It's not allowed.
A. put on B. put up C. put out D. put away
She made a mistake ______ spelling the word.
A. in B. on C. at D. with
______ run in the classroom. It's dangerous.
A. Do B. Don't C. Let D. Let's not
You ______ eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health.
A. should B. shouldn't C. had better D. had better to
Not only you but also he ______ to go to the party.
A. want B. wants C. to want D. wanting
He kept ______ me questions, which made me angry.
A. ask B. to ask C. asking D. asked
（三）句型转换（每题3分，共15分）
You should listen to the teacher carefully in class.（改为祈使句）
______ ______ the teacher carefully in class.
He is going to paint the wall blue.（对划线部分提问）
______ is he going to ______
She made a mistake in math.（改为否定句）
She ______ ______ a mistake in math.
Not only Tom but also his parents like watching TV.（改为同义句）
______ Tom ______ his parents like watching TV.
You'd better go to bed early.（改为否定句）
You'd better ______ ______ to bed early.
（四）阅读理解（每题5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，回答问题。
DIY is very popular in China now. Yang Chen works for a computer business in Beijing. Though he enjoys his work, it is hard for him to relax after work.
“For a long time, I had no choice but to go to a bar for a drink and karaoke to relax myself,” he said.
One day， when he saw many toy dogs in a toy shop, he had an idea. “Why not do some kinds of things and relax myself ” Then he began to make model planes, model ships and something else. The things that he had made by himself didn't look as professionally made as those in the shops, but he liked doing it.
“It is not as much fun to play with things which are bought expensively from the shops,” he said. Now his bookshelves are full of many kinds of things he has made. They are very beautiful, and his family and friends like them very much.
More and more young people are like Yang, making or creating things on their own. They like to do it themselves.
Though making things with our own hands may take much time, some people, now known as DIYers—do-it-yourselfers, enjoy doing it very much. They can make all kinds of things they like.
DIY is becoming more and more popular in China. It may be new to the young, yet many people remember when it was a way of life.
During the 1960s and 1970s, when there were not enough living things for people to live on, they had to use their own hands to do many things. Whitewashing the wall or making clothes was a part of life because there was no other choice. If you wanted something done, you had to do it yourself; and if you needed something, you made it yourself.
What did Yang Chen do to relax himself in the past
What does Yang Chen like doing now
Why was DIY a way of life during the 1960s and 1970s
（五）书面表达（10分）
以“My DIY Experience”为题，写一篇短文，描述你的一次DIY经历 。内容包括：你制作了什么、制作过程、遇到的困难及解决方法，以及你的感受和收获 。至少80词 。
答案
（一）词汇运用
crazy 2. complete 3. shelves 4. folded 5. watching
6. repairing 7. trying 8. mistakes 9. not be 10. am
（二）单项选择
1 - 5 BABBB 6 - 10 ABBBC
（三）句型转换
Listen to 2. What; do 3. didn't make 4. Both; and 5. not go
（四）阅读理解
He went to a bar for a drink and karaoke to relax himself.
He likes making model planes, model ships and other things by himself.
Because there were not enough living things for people to live on, and people had no other choice but to do many things by themselves.
（五）书面表达（参考范文）
My DIY Experience
Last weekend, I had an amazing DIY experience. I decided to make a wooden photo frame for my mother's birthday.
First, I prepared some wooden sticks, glue, a saw and sandpaper. Then, I carefully measured and cut the sticks to the right length with the saw. Next, I glued the sticks together to form a frame. However, I found it difficult to make the corners even. To solve this problem, I used some small clamps to hold the sticks firmly while the glue dried. After that, I sanded the frame to make it smooth. Finally, I decorated the frame with some colorful ribbons.
When I finished it, I felt a great sense of achievement. My mother was also very happy and proud of me. This DIY experience not only let me create a special gift but also taught me the value of patience and hard work.
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