Unit1 Happy holiday单元导学案（学与练）—人教版八年级上册

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教版八年级上册英语Unit1 Happy holiday导学案（学与练）
一、学习目标
词汇积累：掌握与假期相关的重点词汇和短语，如vacation、camp、hike、ancient、fantastic、take one's breath away、go on a trip等，并能正确拼写、发音和运用。
语法理解：理解并掌握不定代词（something、anything、nothing、everything、someone、anyone、no one、everyone、somewhere、anywhere、nowhere、everywhere）的用法；掌握一般过去时的构成和用法，包括be动词和实义动词的过去式变化规则。
阅读能力：通过阅读关于假期经历的文章，获取关键信息，理解文章主旨，能够运用略读、扫读等阅读技巧，回答与文章相关的问题，并能根据文章内容进行推理和判断。
写作技能：能够运用所学词汇和语法，描述自己或他人的假期经历，包括时间、地点、活动、感受等，完成一篇结构清晰、内容丰富的短文写作。
口语表达：能够运用本单元所学的日常交际用语，如How was your holiday What did you do Did you go anywhere interesting 等，进行简单的对话交流，分享自己的假期故事，询问他人的假期经历。
二、知识点梳理
（一）词汇
重点单词
▲ vacation：n. 假期；度假 ，常见搭配有take a vacation（休假）、be on vacation（在度假）、go on vacation（去度假）、summer vacation（暑假） ，如：I'm going on vacation next week.（我下周要去度假。）
▲ camp：n. 度假营；营地 ；v. 露营；宿营 ，作名词时，相关短语有at the summer camp（在夏令营）、at the camp（在营地） ；作动词时，常用短语有camp out（露营；露宿）、go camping（去野营） ，如：We went camping in the mountains last weekend.（我们上周末去山里露营了。）
▲ hike：v. 徒步旅行；远足 ，名词形式为hiking ，常见短语有go hiking（去徒步旅行） ，如：I like to go hiking with my friends on weekends.（我喜欢在周末和朋友们去徒步旅行。）
▲ ancient：adj. 古代的；古老的 ，如：There are many ancient buildings in Beijing.（北京有很多古老的建筑。）
▲ fantastic：adj. 极好的；吸引人的 ，同义词有wonderful、amazing、terrific等 ，如：The movie we saw last night was fantastic.（我们昨晚看的电影太棒了。）
▲ stranger：n. 陌生人 ，形容词形式为strange（奇怪的；陌生的） ，如：A stranger knocked at the door just now.（刚才有个陌生人敲门。）
▲ landscape：n.（陆上，尤指乡村的）风景，景色 ，同义词有scenery、view等 ，如：The landscape in the countryside is very beautiful.（乡村的风景非常美丽。）
▲ sightseeing：n. 观光；游览 ，常见短语有go sightseeing（去观光） ，如：We went sightseeing in Paris last year.（我们去年去巴黎观光了。）
▲ relax：v. 放松；休息 ，形容词形式为relaxing（令人放松的）和relaxed（感到放松的） ，如：Listening to music can help you relax.（听音乐可以帮助你放松。）；I feel relaxed after a long vacation.（经过一个长假，我感到很放松。）
词形变化
▲ visit（v. 参观；拜访） - visitor（n. 游客；参观者） ，如：Many visitors come to visit the Great Wall every year.（每年有很多游客来参观长城。）
▲ interest（n. 兴趣；爱好；v. 使感兴趣） - interesting（adj. 有趣的，修饰物） - interested（adj. 感兴趣的，修饰人） ，常见短语有be interested in（对……感兴趣） ，如：I have an interest in music.（我对音乐有兴趣。）；This is an interesting book.（这是一本有趣的书。）；He is interested in playing basketball.（他对打篮球感兴趣。）
重点短语
▲ take one's breath away：令人惊叹；让人叹绝 ，如：The view from the top of the mountain took my breath away.（山顶的景色让我惊叹不已。）
▲ go on a trip：去旅行 ，如：We are going on a trip to the beach next month.（我们下个月要去海滩旅行。）
▲ get together：相聚；聚集 ，如：We often get together with our friends on weekends.（我们周末经常和朋友们相聚。）
▲ remember to do sth.：记得做某事（事情还未做） ，如：Remember to turn off the lights when you leave the room.（离开房间时记得关灯。）
▲ forget to do sth.：忘记做某事（事情还未做） ，如：Don't forget to bring your homework to school tomorrow.（明天别忘了把作业带到学校来。）
▲ try doing sth.：尝试做某事 ，如：I tried making a cake yesterday, but it didn't taste very good.（我昨天试着做了个蛋糕，但味道不太好。）
▲ try to do sth.：努力做某事 ，如：He tried to solve the problem, but he failed.（他努力解决这个问题，但失败了。）
（二）句型
询问假期情况：
▲ How was your holiday 意为 “你的假期怎么样？” ，回答可以用It was + 形容词. ，如：—How was your holiday （你的假期怎么样？） —It was great/fantastic/amazing/wonderful.（太棒了 / 极好的 / 令人惊叹的 / 精彩的。）
▲ What did you do during the holiday 意为 “你假期做了什么？” ，回答用I + 动词过去式 + 其他. ，如：—What did you do during the holiday （你假期做了什么？） —I visited my grandparents.（我看望了我的祖父母。）
询问去的地点：
▲ Where did you go 意为 “你去了哪里？” ，回答用I went to + 地点. ，如：—Where did you go （你去了哪里？） —I went to Beijing.（我去了北京。）
询问是否做了某事或去了某地：
▲ Did you do anything special 意为 “你做了什么特别的事吗？” ，肯定回答用Yes, I did. ，否定回答用No, I didn't. ，如：—Did you do anything special （你做了什么特别的事吗？） —Yes, I went to a concert.（是的，我去听了一场音乐会。）
▲ Did you go anywhere interesting 意为 “你去了有趣的地方吗？” ，回答用Yes, I went to... / No, I didn't go anywhere interesting. ，如：—Did you go anywhere interesting （你去了有趣的地方吗？） —Yes, I went to the beach.（是的，我去了海滩。）
描述感受：
▲ It took my breath away. 意为 “它让我惊叹不已。” ，如：The beauty of the sunset took my breath away.（日落的美景让我惊叹不已。）
▲ I felt + 形容词 + during the trip. 意为 “我在旅行中感到……” ，如：I felt relaxed during the trip.（我在旅行中感到很放松。）
表达建议：
▲ We should learn from travel experiences. 意为 “我们应该从旅行经历中学习。” ，如：We should learn from travel experiences and become better people.（我们应该从旅行经历中学习，成为更好的人。）
▲ Let's share our holiday stories. 意为 “让我们分享我们的假期故事。” ，如：Let's share our holiday stories and have a good time.（让我们分享我们的假期故事，玩得开心。）
（三）语法
不定代词：
▲ 常见不定代词：something（某事；某物）、anything（任何事；任何物）、nothing（没有什么；没有东西）、everything（一切；所有事物）、someone（某人）、anyone（任何人）、no one（没有人）、everyone（每个人；所有人）、somewhere（在某处；到某处）、anywhere（在任何地方；到任何地方）、nowhere（无处；没有地方）、everywhere（到处；处处） 。
用法：
修饰关系：形容词修饰不定代词时要后置 ，如：something special（特别的事）、anything interesting（有趣的事）、nothing important（不重要的事） 。
谓语动词：不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 ，如：Everything is ready.（一切就绪。）、Nothing is impossible.（没有什么不可能。） 。
肯定句与否定句 / 疑问句：something、someone、somewhere常用于肯定句 ；anything、anyone、anywhere常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句 ；nothing、no one、nowhere表示否定意义 。
例句：I have something important to tell you.（我有重要的事告诉你。）、Did you meet anyone famous during the trip （旅行中你遇到名人了吗？）、There is nothing in the box.（盒子里什么也没有。）、Everyone should learn from their experiences.（每个人都应该从自己的经历中学习。）
一般过去时：
构成：
be动词：第一人称单数I和第三人称单数he/she/it用was ，其他人称用were ，如：I was at home yesterday.（我昨天在家。）、He was in the park last weekend.（他上周末在公园。）、They were happy at the party.（他们在聚会上很开心。）
实义动词：规则动词的过去式一般在动词原形后加 -ed ，不规则动词有特殊形式 ，如：visit - visited（参观）、play - played（玩）、go - went（去）、see - saw（看见）、take - took（拿；取） 。
用法：
表示过去发生的动作或状态 ，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday（昨天）、last week/month/year（上周 / 上个月 / 去年）、ago（以前）、in 2024（在2024年）、just now（刚才）、the other day（前几天）、during the holiday（在假期期间）等 ，如：I went to the movies yesterday.（我昨天去看电影了。）、She lived in Beijing last year.（她去年住在北京。）
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作 ，常与often（经常）、usually（通常）、always（总是）等频度副词连用 ，如：When I was young, I often went swimming in the river.（我小时候经常在河里游泳。）
动词过去式变化规则：
一般情况：加 -ed ，如visit - visited、play - played 。
以不发音的e结尾：加 -d ，如live - lived、like - liked 。
以辅音字母 + y结尾：变y为i加 -ed ，如carry - carried、study - studied 。
重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母：双写末尾辅音字母加 -ed ，如stop - stopped、plan - planned 。
不规则变化：需特殊记忆，如go - went、see - saw、take - took、have - had、eat - ate、is/am - was、are - were等 。
（四）课文内容
Section A：通过Yaming和Emma的对话，展示了不同的假期经历。Yaming去了黄山，看到了迎客松、云海、奇石和许多古建筑，他和家人一起去的，大家都很喜欢，还分享了照片 ；Emma回美国参加了草莓节，在祖父母家待了十天，吃了很多有草莓的食物，如草莓饼干和草莓巧克力 。对话中涉及到假期活动、地点、感受等方面的表达，同时引入了不定代词的用法，如Did you go with anyone Did you do anything interesting there 等 。
Section B：以Vincent的日记形式记录了他在莫斯科的旅行经历 。第一天上午去了胜利博物馆，了解了俄罗斯人民在二战中对抗纳粹的历史，看到了一件有数千颗玻璃 “眼泪” 落下的艺术品，意识到战争的残酷与和平的来之不易 ；中午在公园附近的餐厅吃饭，吃了很多冰淇淋，导致晚餐时不舒服 。第二天下午到达一所学校，和一群俄罗斯学生玩游戏、唱歌、跳舞，度过了愉快的时光 。通过这篇日记，进一步巩固了一般过去时的用法，同时让学生了解不同国家的文化和历史 。
三、随堂练习
（一）词汇运用（每题2分，共20分）
I went on a ________ (vacation) to the beach with my family last summer.
We went ________ (camp) in the mountains and had a great time.
There are many ________ (ancient) buildings in this city.
The view from the top of the mountain was so beautiful that it took my ________ (breathe) away.
Did you meet anyone ________ (interest) during your trip
She is a ________ (strange) here. She doesn't know anyone.
My hobby is ________ (hike). I often go hiking on weekends.
We had a ________ (fantastic) time at the party last night.
He likes to go ________ (sightsee) in different cities.
After a long day at work, I like to ________ (relax) by watching TV.
（二）单项选择（每题2分，共20分）
—How was your holiday
—________
It was sunny. B. It was great.
C. I went to the park. D. I played basketball.
—Where did you go on vacation
—I ________ to the mountains.
A. go B. goes C. went D. am going
Did you go ________ interesting last weekend
A. somewhere B. anywhere C. nowhere D. everywhere
I didn't do ________ special last night. I just stayed at home and watched TV.
A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
She ________ her grandparents last Sunday.
A. visit B. visits C. visited D. will visit
Everyone ________ here yesterday. But now Tom isn't here.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
—Did you meet anyone famous
—________
A. Yes, I do. B. Yes, I did. C. No, I don't. D. No, I'm not.
The movie was so ________ that I fell asleep in the cinema.
A. interesting B. interested C. boring D. bored
He tried ________ the problem, but he couldn't.
A. solve B. to solve C. solving D. solved
Remember ________ your homework to school tomorrow.
A. bring B. to bring C. bringing D. brought
（三）句型转换（每题3分，共15分）
I went to the zoo last weekend.（对划线部分提问）
________ ________ you ________ last weekend
She did something special yesterday.（改为一般疑问句）
________ she ________ ________ special yesterday
They were at home last night.（改为否定句）
They ________ ________ at home last night.
The trip was wonderful.（对划线部分提问）
________ ________ the trip
I saw someone in the classroom.（改为否定句）
I ________ see ________ in the classroom.
（四）阅读理解（每题5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，回答问题。
My name is Lucy. I had a great vacation last summer. I went to Hawaii with my family. We went there by plane. The weather was sunny and warm. We stayed there for five days.
On the first day, we went to the beach. The water was clear and blue. We swam in the sea and played beach volleyball. It was so much fun! On the second day, we visited a famous volcano. The view was amazing. We took a lot of photos. On the third day, we went shopping in the city center. I bought some souvenirs for my friends. On the fourth day, we went hiking in the mountains. The air was fresh and clean. We enjoyed the beautiful scenery. On the last day, we just relaxed at the hotel and prepared to go back home.
It was a really unforgettable vacation. I hope I can go there again someday.
Where did Lucy go on vacation
How long did Lucy stay in Hawaii
What did Lucy do on the third day
（五）书面表达（10分）
请以“My Holiday”为题，写一篇短文，描述你的一次假期经历 。内容包括：时间、地点、和谁一起去、做了什么、感受如何等 。不少于80词 。
参考答案
（一）词汇运用
vacation
camping
ancient
breath
interesting
stranger
hiking
fantastic
sightseeing
relax
（二）单项选择
B（询问假期情况，用形容词回答感受）
C（一般过去时，go的过去式为went）
B（anywhere用于疑问句，修饰形容词后置）
B（anything用于否定句，表“任何事”）
C（last Sunday提示一般过去时，visit的过去式为visited）
C（everyone作主语，谓语用单数；yesterday提示用was）
B（一般过去时的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, I did.”）
C（形容事物“无聊的”用boring，符合“睡着”的语境）
B（try to do sth. 表示“努力做某事”）
B（remember to do sth. 表示“记得要做某事”）
（三）句型转换
Where did; go（对地点提问用where，一般过去时借助did，动词用原形）
Did; do anything（一般过去时的一般疑问句，借助did，something改为anything）
were not（一般过去时的否定句，在be动词后加not）
How was（对感受提问用how，保持一般过去时）
didn't; anyone（一般过去时的否定句，借助didn't，someone改为anyone）
（四）阅读理解
She went to Hawaii.
She stayed there for five days.
She went shopping in the city center and bought some souvenirs for her friends.
（五）书面表达（参考范文）
My Holiday
Last summer holiday, I went to Chengdu with my parents. We took a train there and stayed for a week.
On the first day, we visited the Panda Base. The pandas were so cute, eating bamboo and rolling around. I took many photos of them. On the second day, we tried lots of local food, like hot pot and mapo tofu. They were spicy but delicious. We also went to Jinli Street, where there are many old shops and traditional performances.
On the last day, we climbed Mount Qingcheng. The mountain was covered with green trees, and the air was fresh. Though I felt tired, I was really happy.
It was a wonderful holiday. I learned about the culture of Chengdu and had a great time with my family. I hope to visit again!
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