Unit 2 The universal language Grammar and usage课件（共29张）-高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性必修第一册（共30页PPT）

(共29张PPT)
Unit 2
The universal language
Grammar and usage
Learning Objectives
01
Learning Objectives
1.Master the relevant knowledge points of the -ing form of verbs as the subject and object in discourses and exercises.
2.By reading the story text, understand the story of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi seeking bosom friends through “High Mountains and Flowing Water” and the relevant knowledge of Chinese classical music, and improve the ability of music appreciation.
3.Be able to systematically explain the basic and special usages of the -ing form of verbs as the subject and object, and understand the differences between the -ing form of verbs and other verb forms.
Key Points and Difficult Points
Key points:
In specific expressions, can correctly judge whether the -ing form of a verb serves as the subject or the object.
Difficult Points:
Correctly use the -ing form of verbs as the subject and object in the context.
Lead-in
02
Here are some sentences containing verb-ing forms. Can you figure out what functions these verb-ing forms serve in the sentences
1.Sliding into the habit was easy, but it was difficult to quit the habit.
2.We'll come back more frequently and we're also considering taking them to the city to live with us.
3.As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem.
4.I was used to checking the news and my friends' social media updates every few minutes.
1.verb-ing form as the subject
2.verb-ing form as the object
3.verb-ing form as the object
4.verb-ing form as the object
Grammar and usage
03
Below is a story about a musician and his friend in ancient China.
Read the passage and think about the following questions.
When
Who
What happened
When in China’s (1) _________________________________________
Who Boya, (2) ____________________
Zhong Ziqi, Boya’s audience and friend
What happened Boya played the qin very well, but he believed no one could (3) _____________________ until he met Zhong Ziqi.
Zhong was able to recognize the image in Boya’s piece of music: (4) ____________________________________.
They became great friends and agreed to meet the next year.
(5) _____________________ because Zhong Ziqi, the only person that could understand his music was gone.
Spring and Autumn and Warring States period
a master of the qin
understand his music
High Mountains and Flowing Water
Boya destroyed his qin
Below is a story about a musician and his friend in ancient China.
Read the passage carefully and fill in the following table.
Find the sentences that use verb-ing forms as subjects or objects and fill in the table below. The first ones have been done for you.
Verb-ing forms as subjects
Verb-ing forms as objects
Playing the qin was his life.
…everyone enjoyed listening…
主语
宾语
Verb-ing forms as subjects
Verb-ing forms as objects
Playing the qin was his life.
Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, ...
..., it’s no use keeping the qin.
... everyone enjoyed listening...
Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, ...
When Boya continued playing, ...
..., who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi.
... before going their separate ways, ...
After he finished playing the piece, ...
Find the sentences that use verb-ing forms as subjects or objects and fill in the table below. The first ones have been done for you.
Working out the rules
When the verb-ing form is used as the subject of a sentence, we can sometimes use the preparatory subject (1)______ at the beginning of the sentence.
The verb-ing form can also be used as the object of a (2) or a (3) .
it
verb
preposition
动名词的语法作用相当于名词，在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和定语等。
动名词作主语往往表示一种概念、习惯或经验。单个的动名词（短语）作主语时，谓语动用单数。由 and 连接两个动名词(短语)时，谓语动词用复数；若主语指向同一个内容，则谓语动词仍然用单数。
Finding a job is difficult these days.
现在找工作不容易
Smoking may cause cancer.
吸烟可能致癌。
动词 -ing 形式作主语和宾语
1.动词 -ing 形式可以在句中用作主语。如：
Swimming is fun.
动词 -ing 形式在句中用作主语时，有时可以用形式主语 it 代替。如：It’s no use crying.
2.动词 -ing 形式可以在句中用作动词的宾语。常接动词 -ing 形式作宾语的动词有advise、avoid、enjoy、escape、finish、imagine、mind、practise、risk、suggest 等。如：
We enjoy reading English stories.
Have you finished typing the report
动词 -ing 形式作主语和宾语
3.动词 -ing 形式可以在句中用作介词的宾语。如：
I keep fit by swimming.
4.动词 -ing 形式的逻辑主语常用物主代词或名词所有格表示。如：
Your coming to visit is a great encouragement to us.
There is a good chance of Tom’s getting well again.
5.动词 -ing 形式作主语和宾语时可以有被动形式。如：
Being praised by the teacher makes me happy.
Jack escaped being hit by a car.
动词 -ing 形式作主语和宾语
Working out the rules
listening
reading
trying
teaching
playing
B1 Circle the mistakes and write down the correct forms in the blankets.
B1 Blow is an article about the music sent into plete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
If you have to choose music from the Earth to send into space, what music do you think is capable of (1) ___________(represent) mankind The sound of the Chinese qin is one answer to this question. In 1977, two spacecraft called Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were sent out (2) _________ (explore) the solar system. On both spacecraft, there is a selection of music from our planet. (3) __________ (send) music into outer space was the idea of the famous scientist Carl Sagan, who believed intelligent life existed on other planets. The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space (if there is any).
representing
to explore
Sending
B1 Blow is an article about the music sent into plete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
A group of scientists and artists got down to (4) _________ (choose) suitable music. Of course, they had trouble (5) _______ (select) which pieces of music to include. In the end, 27 different pieces of music (6) ______ (last) 90 minutes were put on the spacecraft. China is represented by a recording of Guan Pinghu (7) _______ (play) an ancient piece called Flowing Water on the Chinese instrument qin. It is said that Boya wrote it.
It took about 40 years for the Voyager spacecraft (8) _______ (enter) the space between the stars. We do not know what will happen in the end, but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet.
choosing
selecting
lasting
playing
to enter
1. distant
be distant from... 离……远
distance n.距离；远处；遥远；疏远
in the distance 在远处
at/from a distance 离一段距离，从远处
at/from a distance of 从……远的地方（of后跟具体的距离）
distantly adv.遥远地；冷淡地
例句：The first distant crash of thunder shook the air.
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
2. expectation
expect vt. 期待，预料
expect (sb.) to do sth. 期待/预计某人做某事
expected adj. 预料的，预期的
unexpected adj. 出乎意料的，始料不及的
contrary to/against/beyond expectations 出乎意料/超出预期
in (the) expectation of. . . 预计会有……，预料……
with expectations 怀着希望
live up to/come up to/meet one's expectations 达到某人的期望，如某人所愿
例句：We are confident in our expectation of a full recovery.
Vocabulary
3. accompany
accompany sb.to. . . 陪某人去……
be accompanied by. . . 在……的陪同下；由……伴随
accompany sb.at/on sth. 用某物为某人伴奏
例句：The member that accompanied a person should have led effect well.
Vocabulary
4. reputation
have a good/bad reputation 有好/坏名声
have a reputation for... 以……著称
acquire/earn/build/enjoy a reputation 获得/赢得/树立/享有声誉
ruin one’s reputation 毁坏某人的名声
live up to one’s reputation 名副其实
例句：The service at this restaurant live up to its reputation, and we were well served.
Exercise
04
Exercise: 语法填空
Why did you keep me __________(wait)here for so long a time
It is considered no good________(recite) without understanding.
John stopped ______________(have)a rest because he had worked for eight hours.
I regretted______________(answer)her like that.I was sorry to do so.
Can’t you see I’m busy ____________(cook)
We couldn’t help__________(laugh) after we heard his funny story.
I’m afraid your suggestion can’t help______________(improve) the service of their shop.
I feel like ____________(go)for a long walk.Would you make room for me
Attention must be paid to prevent the jewelry shop from_______________(rob).
waiting
to have
reciting
answering
cooking
laughing
to improve
going
being robbed
Summary
05
New words: distant,expectation,accompany,reputation...
Expressions: think highly of...
get tired of...
Functions: 掌握动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
Sentences: Playing the qin was his life.
He played so well that everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques.
Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, yet Zhong Ziqi was able to paint a picture of great mountain ranges in his mind.
Summary
Homework
07
Search some musical instrument’s stories and share it with your group members, using verb-ing forms correctly.
Homework
SEE YOU NEXT CLASS!
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