(共78张PPT)
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ？
九年级
人教版
全
语法讲练及解析
【知识导图】
【要点拓展】
1．几种使用被动语态的情况：
（1）当我们不知道动作的执行者时：
A book is stolen.书被偷了。
（2）当我们不必提出动作的执行者时：
I was born in 1990．我出生于1990年。
（3）当我们强调或侧重的是动作的接受者时：
She is liked by everyone.她被所有人喜欢。
2．几种没有被动语态的情况：
（1）所接宾语是反身代词或相互代词的句子，不能变为被动语态。
He could see himself in the mirror.他在镜子中可以看到自己。
（2）用表示状态的动词，如have、fit、suit、last等作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
He doesn’t have much money with him.他身上没带那么多钱。
（3）用动词leave、enter、join等作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
He joined the company two years ago.他两年前进了这家公司。
（4）宾语是动词不定式或动名词的句子，不能变为被动语态。
She’d always wanted to go to Thailand.她一直想去泰国。
Young children enjoy helping around the house.小孩子喜欢在家里帮着做点事。
（5）不及物动词、不及物性质的短语动词或连系动词作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态，如happen、rise、taste、look、take place、come out、belong to、come true等等。
When he woke up，the sun was rising.他醒来时，太阳正在升起。
The next meeting will take place on Thursday.下次会议将在星期四举行。
The food tasted delicious.这食物吃起来很美味。
【奇思巧计】
主动语态变被动语态口诀：
宾语提前主语变，
时态人称be关键；
过去分词勿变错，
原主变宾by后见。
【同步检测】
一、单项选择
1. -- As far as I know, tea plants _____on the sides of the mountain.
--No wonder the mountain has become a green ocean.
A. are grown B. are growing C. will be grown
【答案】A
【详解】句意：-据我所知，茶树被种植在山的两侧。-难怪这座山变成了一片绿色的海洋。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“tea plants”和谓语动词grow之间构成动宾关系，表示“茶树被种植”。由“As far as I know，”可知，陈述的是一般事实，故句子用一般现在时的被动语态。其结构为“be done”。主语为名词复数，be动词用are，grow是不规则动词，过去分词是grown。故选A。
2. --Will you come to the dinner party --I won't come until Jenny .
A. will be invited B.can be invited C.is invited
【答案】C
【详解】句意：-你会来参加晚宴吗？-直到Jenny被邀请了我才会来。
考查动词的时态和被动。句子是until引导的时间状语从句，主语用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时；Jenny和邀请之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，表示被邀请，故选C。
3. In China, money______ to children for good luck by their parents or other seniors during the Spring Festival.
A. gives B. is given C. are given D. give
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在中国，父母或其他长辈在春节期间给孩子们压岁钱，它代表着好运。
考查动词语态。主语money和谓语动词give之间为动宾关系，所以要用被动语态；又因为money是不可数名词，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故选B。
4. There are not fish in the lake any more because the water _____.
A.pollute B. is polluted C.polluted D. was polluted
【答案】B
【详解】句意：湖中再也没有鱼了，因为水被污染了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“There are not fish in the lake any more”可知，时态应为一般现在时，故排除C、D；分析空前主语“the water”与“pollute”的关系可知，两者之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态，其结构为“主语＋be done（过去分词）＋其他”。故选B。
5. Every year, thousands of trees ______by the people living there.
A.planted B. have planted C.are planted D. are planting
【答案】C
【详解】句意：居住在那里的人每年都会种植成千上万棵树。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。every year是一般现在时的标志词；trees和plant之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构是am／is／are done。故选C。
6. Now children in that school ______ more time to read and play sports instead of simply learning.
A. give B. are given C. are giving D.were given
【答案】B
【详解】句意：现在那所学校的孩子被给予了更多的时间来阅读和做运动，而不仅仅是学习。
考查动词的时态与语态。主语children和谓语动词give之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态；再根据题干中的“Now”可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
7. As soon as books ______, the volunteers will post them to the students in Hope Primary School.
A. are raised B. will be raised C. raised D. have raised
【答案】A
【详解】句意：志愿者一募捐到书，就会将它们邮寄给希望小学的学生。
考查动词的时态和语态。此处books与谓语动词raise之间为动宾关系，故应用被动语态；在as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，主句为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时。故选A。
8.--Your sweater looks very nice.
--Thank you. It's______ cotton. So it's very comfortable.
A. made of B. make of C. made from D.make from
【答案】A
【详解】句意：-你的毛衣看起来很漂亮。-谢谢。它是棉花做的。所以非常舒服。
考查动词短语和被动语态。主语“It”和所给谓语动词make构成被动语态，其构成为“be＋过去分词”。be madeof由......制成，从成品能看出原材料；make of由......制成，从成品能看出原材料，不是被动语态，排除；be made from 由......制成，从成品不能看出原材料；make from由......制成，从成品不能看出原材料，不是被动语态，故排除。此句是说毛衣由棉制成，从成品能看出原料，故选A。
9.--Can you sing this song
--Of course, I can. It ______often _____by children.
A. is; sung B. are; sung C. is; sang
【答案】A
【详解】句意：-你会唱这首歌吗？-当然，我可以。它经常被孩子们唱。
考查被动语态。It在此处指代上文的this song。与动词sing构成被动关系，被动语态的结构为：主语＋be动词＋动词的过去分词。It提示此处be动词应为is，sing的过去分词为sung。故选A。
10. Students do less homework now. Usually it _____ before 9 o'clock in the evening.
A. finishes B.finished C. is finished
【答案】C
【详解】句意：学生们现在做更少的作业，通常在晚上九点之前完成。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语为it，指代 homework，和动词 finish存在动宾关系，应用被动语态。根据标志词 usually可知，要用一般现在时，综合以上可知，本句需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是it，谓语结构是is+done, finish的过去分词是finished,故选C。
11. --Our school is beautiful!
--It will be more beautiful if more trees and grass _____by us.
A. plants B. is planted C. are planted
【答案】C
【详解】句意：-我们的学校很美丽！-如果我们种更多的树木和草，它将会更美丽。
考查被动语态。主语“more trees and grass”与动词“plant”之间是动宾关系，用被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故选C。
12. Many flowers ______Miss Yang on Teachers’ Day.
A. have given B. are given to C. are given
【答案】B
【详解】句意：许多鲜花在教师节被送给杨小姐。
考查时态和语态。give sth.to sb.“把某物给某人”；主语“Many flowers”与动词give之间是动宾关系，用aregiven to sb.表示”被给予某人”。故选B。
13. --Look, what have you done
--Sorry. I think if I _____ another chance, I'll do it better.
A. will be given B. give C. am given
【答案】C
【详解】句意：-看，你做了什么？-对不起，我想如果再给我一次机会，我会做得更好。
考查被动语态和时态。本句主语是I，谓语动词是give，主谓之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，主句为一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，故选C。
14. This song _____by Li Yuchun, and I like it very much.
A. sings B. sang C. is singing D. is sung
【答案】D
【详解】句意：这首歌是李宇春唱的，我非常喜欢。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。本题主语“This song”与谓语动词“sing”之间是被动关系，又根据“like”可知，这里是一般现在时的被动语态，结构是“be done”；主语是单数，因此be动词是is，sing的过去分词是sung。故选D。
15. About 6000 languages______ in the world now.
A. speak B. spoken C. is spoken D. are spoken
【答案】D
【详解】
句意：现在世界上大约有6000种语言被说。
考查被动语态。根据“About 6000 languages．．．in the world now．”现在世界上大约有6000种语言被说。可知，主语和谓语动词是被动关系。一般现在时的被动语态结构“is／are＋过去分词”，又因为主语“languages”是名词复数，故be动词用are。故选D。
16. Today, computers are really useful. They______ everywhere.
A. use B. are used C. used D. were used
【答案】B
【详解】句意：今天，电脑真的有用。到处都使用电脑。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“They...everywhere.”可知，they代指电脑，与动词use之间是被动关系，因此用被动语态be＋动词的过去分词，由“Today，computers are really useful.”可知，句子是一般现在时态，主语是They，be用are。故选B。
17. --How clean your car is!
--Thank you. It _____ very often.
A. was washed B. washed C. is washed D. washes
【答案】C
【详解】句意：-你的车真干净！-谢谢。它经常被洗。
考查被动语态。主语“It”和谓语动词wash构成动宾关系，且由句中“very often”可知，用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为“am／is／are＋过去分词”，故选C。
18. The windows of the room ______ once a week.
A. is cleaned B. clean C. are cleaned D. cleans
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个房间的窗户每周擦一次。
考查被动语态。主语“The windows of the room”和谓语动词clean构成动宾关系，且由句中“once a week”知，此处用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成为“am／is／are＋过去分词”，主语“The windows of the room”表示复数，用are构成被动语态，故选C。
19. The birthday present______by my mother.
A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. are sent
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个生日礼物是我妈妈送的。
考查动词被动语态。根据“The birthday present”可知，主语是生日礼物，是动作的承受者，而宾语“mymother”是动作的发出者，需用被动语态来表达，被动语态结构为“be done”。又因主语是单数，则be动词用is。故选C。
20.--Mum, could I watch the movie The Battle at Changjin Lake tonight
--Of course, if your homework _____.
A.finishes B. finished C.was finished D. is finished
【答案】D
【详解】句意：-妈妈，今晚我可以看电影《长津湖》吗？-当然，如果你的作业完成了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。“if”表示“如果”时遵循“主将从现”，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，空格处在从句位置，用一般现在时，故排除B和C项；“homework”和“finish”是动宾关系，用被动语态。故选D。
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
21.If a river_____(pollute), farmers can't use the water to water their crops.
【答案】is polluted
【详解】句意：如果一条河被污染，农民就不能用这水浇灌他们的庄稼。本句是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主情从现”的原则，所以从句时态为一般现在时，而主语ariver和谓语pollute为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be＋done”，主语为第三人称单数，故填is polluted。
22. Our classroom ______(clean) every day.
【答案】is cleaned
【详解】句意：我们的教室每天被打扫。根据“every day”可知句子时态为一般现在时，而主语our classroom和谓语动词clean为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，其谓语结构为“be＋done”，主语为第三人称单数，故填is cleaned。
23. We can hang out with Frank after our homework_______(finish).
【答案】is finished
【详解】句意：在我们的家庭作业完成之后，我们可以和弗兰克出去闲逛。主语homework与动词finish之间是动宾关系，结合can可知用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is finished。
24. --Are the police going to tell the details of the case to the public
--Not until the thief ________(catch).
【答案】is caught
【详解】句意：-警方会把案件细节告诉公众吗？-直到小偷被抓住才会。until引导的时间状语从句遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时，且主语the thief与catch之间存在动宾关系，应用被动语态，结构是is／are done，主语是单数，系动词用is。故填is caught。
25.Students are________(courage) by their teachers to develop the habit of doubting.
【答案】encouraged
【详解】句意：他们的老师鼓励学生养成质疑的习惯。courage“勇气”，是名词，此处应填动词的过去分词和are构成一般现在时的被动语态，encourage“鼓励”的过去分词encouraged符合，故填encouraged。
26. English ________(speak) all over the world and we'd try to learn it well.
【答案】is spoken
【详解】句意：全世界都说英语，我们会努力把它学好。“English”与“speak”之间，逻辑上是被动关系，英语应是被说，be spoken意为“被说”，又因为“English”指的是一种语言，为单数，所以用is；根据句意可知，本句时态为一般现在时。故填is spoken。
27. Doctors______ (need) greatly in every part of the world, so I want to be a doctor.
【答案】are needed
【详解】句意：世界各地都非常需要医生，所以我想成为一名医生。根据“Doctors...（need）greatly in every partof the world，”可知，doctors与need之间为动宾关系，要用被动语态，且句子叙述的是事实，所以此句应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，其谓语结构应是are done，need的过去分词是needed。故填are needed。
28. --Will you go to Johnson's birthday party --Unless I ______ (invite).
【答案】am invited
【详解】句意：-你会去约翰逊的生日聚会吗？-除非我被邀请。主语I与动词invite是动宾关系，结合 unless引导条件状语从句“主将从现”的原则，可知此处填一般现在时的被动语态。故填am invited。
29. --Excuse me, when can we play tennis at the court -- Not until it_____ (repair) this weekend.
【答案】is repaired
【详解】句意：-我们什么时候可以在球场上打网球？-直到这周末球场修理好才可以。本句是not until引导的时间状语从句，时态要遵循主将从现，本句主句省略，从句要使用一般现在时；句中it指代“thecourt”，和谓语动词repair是被动关系，所以应用一般现在时被动语态，其结构为“am／is／are＋动词的过去分词”，本句主语为it，be动词用is，repair的过去分词是repaired，故填is repaired。
30.--When will we go to watch the basketball match in the sports center
--Not until the work _______(finish) tomorrow.
【答案】is finished
【详解】句意：-我们什么时候去运动中心看篮球赛？-直到明天工作被完成。finish意为“完成”，是动词，和主语work构成被动关系，应该用被动语态。not...until...引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”的时态原则，所以此处用一般现在时表将来。故填is finished。
[真题链接]
1.(2023-湖南益阳·统考中考真题)With the development of technology, computers ______ in class now.
A. use B. used C.are used
【答案】C
【详解】句意：随着技术的发展，计算机现在在课堂上使用。
考查被动语态。主语computers和谓语use“使用”之间是被动关系，用被动语态be done。故选C。
2.(2023·江苏徐州·中考真题)The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ______by people of all ages.
A. is loved B. was loved C. will love D. is loving
【答案】A
【详解】句意：孙悟空是中国的一个传统人物。它受到所有年龄段的人的喜爱。
考查被动语态及动词时态。根据“by”可知，此处是被动语态，指孙悟空被人们喜爱。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时。故选A。
3.(2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题)Tea is very popular in the world. It ______in many different areas in China now,
A.produces B.produced C.is produced D. was produced
【答案】C
【详解】句意：茶在世界上很受欢迎。现在中国许多不同的地区都产茶。
考查被动语态。根据now可知，此句是一般现在时，主语It与动词produce之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时被动语态am/is/are done的结构，故选C。
4.(2023·北京·统考中考真题)The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ______every year.
A. are planted B. were planted C.plant D. planted
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这个公园变得越来越美丽因为每年都有更多种花被种。
考查时态和语态。主语“more kinds of flowers”与动词plant之间是动宾关系，结合“every year”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am／is／are done。故选A。
5.(2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题)Sand turns to glass when it______ by lightning.
A.hits B. is hit C. is hitting D. will be hit
【答案】B
【详解】句意：沙子被闪电击中会变成玻璃。
考查语态。句子主语it指代的是“Sand”，与动词hit之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，陈述事实用一般现在时，故选B。
6.(2023·河北·统考中考真题)Breakfast _______every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
A.provides B. provided C. is provided D. was provided
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个村子每天为60岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语Breakfast是动作provide的承受者，结合“every day”可知，是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
7.(2023-湖北鄂州·统考中考真题)--What language ______in Germany
--Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
A. speak B. is spoken C.is speaking D. speaks
【答案】B
【详解】句意：-在德国说哪种语言？-大多数人会说德语，但也有很多人会说英语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。句子应用一般现在时，句子主语language与动词 speak存在逻辑上的被动关系，则句子采用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am／is／are＋过去分词。故选B。
8.(2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题)--Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day
--Of course. Chinese_____by more and more people around the world nowadays.
A. spoke B. is spoken C. speaks D. was spoken
【答案】B
【详解】句意：-你听说过联合国汉语日吗？-当然。如今，全世界越来越多的人说汉语。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“nowadays”可知句子应用一般现在时，主语Chinese与谓语动词speak 存在逻辑上的被动关系，因此句子应用一般现在时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：am／is／are＋过去分词。故选B。
9.(2023-湖南郴州·统考中考真题)Many trees and flowers______ every year to make our environment more beautiful.
A. plant B.are planted C.were planted
【答案】B
【详解】句意：每年种植许多树木和鲜花，使我们的环境更加美丽。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。本句主语是动作的承受者，结合时间状语“every year”可知，用一般现在时的被动语态。故选B。
10.(2023-四川成都·统考中考真题)A great number of beautiful flowers______on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
A.plant B. are planted C. are planting
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这些天，成都的二环路上种了许多美丽的花。
考查被动语态。主语和动词plant之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态：be done。故选B。
11.(2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题)--We're so proud that China is getting stronger and stronger.
--Yes. As you can see, Chinese ______by more and more foreigners.
A. learns B. is learned C. was learned
【答案】B
【详解】句意：-我们为中国越来越强大感到骄傲。-是的。正如你所看到的，越来越多的外国人学习汉语。
考查被动语态。主语Chinese和动词learn之间是被动关系，结合语境可知现在汉语被越来越多的外国人学习，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。
12.(2023-四川达州·统考中考真题)--Would you mind telling me if he______the meeting in two days --He won't, unless he ______.
A. will attend, is invited B. attends, will be invited C. will attend, invites
【答案】A
【详解】句意：-你介意告诉我他两天后是否会参加会议吗？-除非有人邀请，否则他不会参加的。考查时态和语态。第一处if表示“是否”，引导宾语从句，结合“in two days”可知，用一般将来时“will do”，排除B；分析“He won＇t，unless he...”可知，该句是以unless引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，从句主语he是动作的承受者，所以用一般现在时被动语态“is done”，故选A。
13.(2022-内蒙古·中考真题)--What a mess! The sharing bikes ______everywhere.
--Let's collect and put them in the right place so that they can be used conveniently.
A. throw B. threw C. is thrown D. are thrown
【答案】D
【详解】句意：-真是一团糟！共享单车随处可见。-让我们把它们收集起来，放在合适的地方，以便方便使用。
考查被动语态。句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，主语是复数名词，be动词用are，故选D。
14.(2022-辽宁丹东·统考中考真题)--Do Chinese people like ping-pong a lot
--Yes. It_______by people of all ages.
A.plays B. is played C.played D. was played
【答案】B
【详解】句意：-中国人很喜欢乒乓球吗？-是的。各个年龄段的人都打乒乓球。
考查时态与语态。主语“It”指代乒乓球，与动词play之间是动宾关系，结合“Do Chinese people like ping-ponga lot？”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am／is／are done。故选B。
15.(2022-湖南益阳·统考中考真题)--Students in our school ____ to swim in the rivers or lakes alone. --Neither are we. After all, safety must come first.
A. allow B. don't allow C. aren't allowed
【答案】C
【详解】句意：-我们学校的学生们不被允许独自去江河湖泊游泳。-我们也不被允许。毕竟，安全第一。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。allow 允许；don＇tallow 不允许；aren＇t allowed不被允许。结合语境，可知句子应用一般现在时。根据“to swim in the rivers or lakes alone”可知此处表示学生不应该去江河湖泊游泳，主语Students“学生”与动词allow“允许”应是存在逻辑上的被动关系。应用一般现在时态的被动语态。故选C。
16. (2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题)In the Wolong Panda Reserve, visitors _____ to get closer to pandas.
A. allow B. allowed C. are allowing D. are allowed
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在卧龙熊猫保护区，游客可以近距离接触熊猫。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，本句陈述的是一般性事实，需用一般现在时，可排除B／C选项；且主语“visitors”和动词“allow”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态（be done）。故选D。
17.(2022-广西百色·中考真题)Chinese_______by more and more people in the world.
A. speak B. speaks C. is speaking D. is spoken
【答案】D
【详解】句意：世界上讲汉语的人越来越多。
考查语态。句子主语Chinese与动词speak之间是被动关系，此处应用被动语态，故选D。
18.(2022-广西贵港·统考中考真题)--People _______to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during theCOVID-19pandemic(新冠疫情).
-- I think it's a good way to protect ourselves.
A. are asking B. are asked C. asked D. ask
【答案】B
【详解】句意：-在新冠肺炎病毒大流行期间，人们在进入超市前被要求测量体温。-我认为这是一个保护我们自己的好方法。
考查被动语态。主语people与动词ask之间是被动关系，表示被要求测体温，故此处用被动语态be done的结构，故选B。
19.(2022-北京·统考中考真题)On our farm, the tea leaves______ by hand when they are ready.
A. pick B. picked C.are picked D. were picked
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在我们的农场，茶叶成熟时都是手工采摘的。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语“the tea leaves”是动作“pick”的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故选C。
20.(2022-黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题)Chinese astronauts _____as heroes. We all look up to them.
A. are regarded B. regard C.regarded
【答案】A
【详解】句意：中国宇航员被视为英雄。我们都尊敬他们。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语是动作的承受者，时态是一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am／is／are done。故选A。
21. (2022-贵州铜仁·统考中考真题)--Mum, could I watch the movie The Battle at Changjin Lake tonight
--Of course, if your homework_____.
A. finishes B. finished C. was finished D. is finished
【答案】D
【详解】句意：-妈妈，今晚我可以看电影《长津湖》吗？-当然，如果你的作业完成了。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。“if”表示“如果”时遵循“主将从现”，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，空格处在从句位置，用一般现在时，故排除B和C项；“homework”和“finish”是动宾关系，用被动语态。故选D。
22.(2022·四川凉山·统考中考真题)With double reduction policy (双减政策), students ____ less homework now so that they have enough time to take part in more activities.
A. will give B. were given C. are given
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在双减政策下，学生的家庭作业减少了，这样他们就有足够的时间参加更多的活动。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“have”可知，此句用一般现在时，主语students 与动词give是被动关系，故此处用一般现在时am／is／are done的结构，故选C。
23. (2022-湖北·统考中考真题)--Many DIY cards ______ to mothers on Mother's Day every year. --How creative!
A. is sending B. are sending C. is sent D. are sent
【答案】D
【详解】句意：-每年母亲节都会给妈妈们寄很多DIY卡片。-多么有创意！
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“Many DIYcards”和谓语“send”之间是被动关系，用被动语态be done，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故选D。
24. (2022-河北·统考中考真题)--Mmm...Delicious. What is it
--It______zongzi, Tony. It's a traditional food in China.
A. calls B. is called C. called D. was called
【答案】B
【详解】句意：-嗯......好吃。这是什么？-它叫粽子，托尼。这是中国的传统食物。
考查被动语态。根据“What is it？”可知，此处回答使用一般现在时，It指代询问的这个东西，与动词call之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，It为单数，结构为is done。故选B。
25.(2022-四川乐山·统考中考真题)--Waiter, a glass of apple juice, please.
--Sorry. Apple juice _____only at breakfast.
A. serves B. is served C. is serving
【答案】B
【详解】句意：-服务员，请给我一杯苹果汁。-抱歉。苹果汁只在早餐时供应。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“Apple juice...only at breakfast.”可知，表示苹果汁只在早餐时供应；主语“applejuice”与动词“serve”之间是被动关系，故此处应用被动语态“be done”的结构，故选B。
26.(2022-天津·统考中考真题)A lot of birds ______ in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C. are protected D.protected
【答案】C
【详解】句意：每年都有很多鸟类在自然公园受到保护。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语“A lot of birds”和谓语protect“保护”之间是被动关系，根据“every year”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态“am／is／are done”，主语是复数，be动词用are。故选C。
27. (2022-云南昆明·统考中考真题)The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it _____ to places across the world every day.
A. sends B. sent C.is sent D. will be sent
【答案】C
【详解】句意：云南的茶叶非常有名，每天都被送到世界各地。
考查被动语态。分析句子可知，主语it和谓语send“发送”之间是被动关系，根据“every day”可知此处用一般现在时的被动语态am／is／are done。故选C。
28.(2022-四川遂宁·统考中考真题)--More and more high-technology products _____in China.
--Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A. is making B. are making C. is made D. are made
【答案】D
【详解】句意：-越来越多的高科技产品是中国制造的。-是的。我们的国家越来越强大。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语products与动词make之间是被动关系，故此处应用被动语态，主语是复数形式，助动词用are，故选D。
29. (2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题)Chinese_____by more and more people around the world today.
A. learns B. learned C.was learned D. is learned
【答案】D
【详解】句意：今天，世界上越来越多的人学习汉语。
考查动词时态和语态。根据“Chinese...by more and more people”可知，汉语是被人们学习，所以用被动语态，结合today可知，用一般现在时的被动语态（am／is／are done）。故选D。
30.(2021-内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题)--In China, driving after drinking ______.
--You are right. That's ______ the law.
A. is not allowed; against B. was not allowed; with
C.are not allowed; for D.were not allowed; along
【答案】A
【详解】句意：-在中国，酒后驾车是不允许的。-你是对的。那是违法的。
考查一般现在时的被动语态和介词辨析。第一处陈述客观事实，酒后驾驶是不被允许的，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语driving after drinking是一件事，谓语动词用单数is。against违反，with和；for为了；along 沿着。against the law“违反法律”。故选A。
31.(2021·广西河池·统考中考真题)All customers ______ to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket.
A. is asked B. was asked C. are asked D. were asked
【答案】C
【详解】句意：所有顾客进入超市时都被要求量体温。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语all customers与动词ask之间是被动关系，且根据“enter”可知，句子用一般现在时，故此处应填一般现在时被动语态is／am／are done的结构，故选C。
32.(2021-辽宁·统考中考真题)The videos about cooking tell us how food_____.
A. makes B. made C.is made D. was made
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这个关于烹饪的视频告诉我们食物是如何制作的。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。该句是对现在情况的描述，则应用一般现在时；从句主语food和谓语make是被动关系，则此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是主语＋is／am／are done。故选C。
33.(2021·广西玉林·统考中考真题)--Mom, I feel a little bit hungry now.
--These cakes ______with chocolate. Have some, please.
A. are filled B. filled C.fill D. are filling
【答案】A
【详解】句意：-妈妈，我现在觉得有点饿了。-这些蛋糕满满的巧克力。请吃一些。
考查动词短语。are filled一般现在时的被动结构；filled过去式；fill动词原形；are filling现在进行时结构；句子主语与动词之间是被动关系，此处应用被动结构，构成短语be filled with“装满”，故选A。
34.(2021·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题)If the science fiction _____ into English, it will be popular around the world.
A.translates B. is translated C.translated D. was translated
【答案】B
【详解】句意：如果这部科幻小说被翻译成英文，它将会在全世界受到欢迎。
考查一般现在时被动语态。if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时。主语“the science fiction”与动词“translate”之间是被动关系，故此处应填一般现在时被动语态is／am／are done的结构，故选B。
35.(2021·广西桂林·统考中考真题)These great books______by people all over the world today.
A. were read B. read C. are read
【答案】C
【详解】句意：现在全世界的人都在读这些伟大的书。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意，主语和动词之间是动宾关系，故应用被动语态；结合时间状语today可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，构成形式为：be done；主语“These great books”是复数形式，be用are；read的过去分词是read。故选C。
36.(2021·广西梧州·统考中考真题)In our English class, many chances______to students to show themselves.
A. offer B. are offered C. offered D. are offering
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在我们的英语课上，给学生提供了很多展示自己的机会。
考查被动语态。句子主语chances与动词offer之间是被动关系，此处用被动语态，陈述一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。
37.(2021-湖南益阳·统考中考真题)--How clean the roads are!
--They _____by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A. are cleaned B. clean C. will clean
【答案】A
【详解】句意：-道路多么干净啊！-它们被勤劳的清洁工每天打扫。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“every day”可知，句子是一般现在时，根据“by the hard-working cleaners”可知，此处要用一般现在时被动语态is／am／are done的结构，故选A。
38.(2021-四川凉山·统考中考真题)--Every year, millions of plastic bottles ______away, polluting the land and waterways.
--That's terrible. We should protect our environment.
A. threw B. are thrown C.have thrown D. were thrown
【答案】B
【详解】句意：-每年，数以百万计的塑料瓶被丢弃，污染了土地和水道。-那太可怕了。我们应该保护我们的环境。
考查一般现在时被动语态。根据“every year”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语“plastic bottles”与动词“thrown”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时被动语态is／are／am done的结构，故选B。
39. (2021-湖南邵阳·统考中考真题)--Lily, cars are increasing very fast nowadays.
--Actually, lots of convenience (方便)______for us.
A.provided B.provided C.is provided
【答案】C
【详解】句意：-莉莉，现在汽车数量增长很快。-实际上，它为我们提供了很多便利。
考查一般现在时被动语态。主语convenience“方便”和动词provide“提供”之间是被动关系；又根据句意可知，此处是一般现在时，所以应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am／is／are＋动词过去分词，主语 convenience是不可数名词，be动词用is，故选C。
40.(2021-吉林·统考中考真题)--Let's eat some snacks.
--Better not. Eating ____in the library.
A. are not allowed B. doesn't allow C. is not allowed
【答案】C
【详解】句意：-我们吃点零食吧。-最好不要。图书馆内不允许进食。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语Eating是动作allow的承受者，用被动语态，主语是动名词，be动词用is。故选C。
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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of ？ 语法讲练
【知识导图】
【要点拓展】
1．几种使用被动语态的情况：
（1）当我们不知道动作的执行者时：
A book is stolen.书被偷了。
（2）当我们不必提出动作的执行者时：
I was born in 1990．我出生于1990年。
（3）当我们强调或侧重的是动作的接受者时：
She is liked by everyone.她被所有人喜欢。
2．几种没有被动语态的情况：
（1）所接宾语是反身代词或相互代词的句子，不能变为被动语态。
He could see himself in the mirror.他在镜子中可以看到自己。
（2）用表示状态的动词，如have、fit、suit、last等作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
He doesn’t have much money with him.他身上没带那么多钱。
（3）用动词leave、enter、join等作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态。
He joined the company two years ago.他两年前进了这家公司。
（4）宾语是动词不定式或动名词的句子，不能变为被动语态。
She’d always wanted to go to Thailand.她一直想去泰国。
Young children enjoy helping around the house.小孩子喜欢在家里帮着做点事。
（5）不及物动词、不及物性质的短语动词或连系动词作谓语的句子，不能变为被动语态，如happen、rise、taste、look、take place、come out、belong to、come true等等。
When he woke up，the sun was rising.他醒来时，太阳正在升起。
The next meeting will take place on Thursday.下次会议将在星期四举行。
The food tasted delicious.这食物吃起来很美味。
【奇思巧计】
主动语态变被动语态口诀：
宾语提前主语变，
时态人称be关键；
过去分词勿变错，
原主变宾by后见。
【同步检测】
一、单项选择
1. -- As far as I know, tea plants _____on the sides of the mountain.
--No wonder the mountain has become a green ocean.
A. are grown B. are growing C. will be grown
2. --Will you come to the dinner party --I won't come until Jenny .
A. will be invited B.can be invited C.is invited
3. In China, money______ to children for good luck by their parents or other seniors during the Spring Festival.
A. gives B. is given C. are given D. give
4. There are not fish in the lake any more because the water _____.
A.pollute B. is polluted C.polluted D. was polluted
5. Every year, thousands of trees ______by the people living there.
A.planted B. have planted C.are planted D. are planting
6. Now children in that school ______ more time to read and play sports instead of simply learning.
A. give B. are given C. are giving D.were given
7. As soon as books ______, the volunteers will post them to the students in Hope Primary School.
A. are raised B. will be raised C. raised D. have raised
8.--Your sweater looks very nice.
--Thank you. It's______ cotton. So it's very comfortable.
A. made of B. make of C. made from D.make from
9.--Can you sing this song
--Of course, I can. It ______often _____by children.
A. is; sung B. are; sung C. is; sang
10. Students do less homework now. Usually it _____ before 9 o'clock in the evening.
A. finishes B.finished C. is finished
11. --Our school is beautiful!
--It will be more beautiful if more trees and grass _____by us.
A. plants B. is planted C. are planted
12. Many flowers ______Miss Yang on Teachers’ Day.
A. have given B. are given to C. are given
13. --Look, what have you done
--Sorry. I think if I _____ another chance, I'll do it better.
A. will be given B. give C. am given
14. This song _____by Li Yuchun, and I like it very much.
A. sings B. sang C. is singing D. is sung
15. About 6000 languages______ in the world now.
A. speak B. spoken C. is spoken D. are spoken
16. Today, computers are really useful. They______ everywhere.
A. use B. are used C. used D. were used
17. --How clean your car is!
--Thank you. It _____ very often.
A. was washed B. washed C. is washed D. washes
18. The windows of the room ______ once a week.
A. is cleaned B. clean C. are cleaned D. cleans
19. The birthday present______by my mother.
A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. are sent
20.--Mum, could I watch the movie The Battle at Changjin Lake tonight
--Of course, if your homework _____.
A.finishes B. finished C.was finished D. is finished
二、用所给单词的正确形式填空
21.If a river_____(pollute), farmers can't use the water to water their crops.
22. Our classroom ______(clean) every day.
23. We can hang out with Frank after our homework_______(finish).
24. --Are the police going to tell the details of the case to the public
--Not until the thief ________(catch).
25.Students are________(courage) by their teachers to develop the habit of doubting.
26. English ________(speak) all over the world and we'd try to learn it well.
27. Doctors______ (need) greatly in every part of the world, so I want to be a doctor.
28. --Will you go to Johnson's birthday party --Unless I ______ (invite).
29. --Excuse me, when can we play tennis at the court -- Not until it_____ (repair) this weekend.
30.--When will we go to watch the basketball match in the sports center
--Not until the work _______(finish) tomorrow.
[真题链接]
1.(2023-湖南益阳·统考中考真题)With the development of technology, computers ______ in class now.
A. use B. used C.are used
2.(2023·江苏徐州·中考真题)The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ______by people of all ages.
A. is loved B. was loved C. will love D. is loving
3.(2023·辽宁丹东·统考中考真题)Tea is very popular in the world. It ______in many different areas in China now,
A.produces B.produced C.is produced D. was produced
4.(2023·北京·统考中考真题)The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ______every year.
A. are planted B. were planted C.plant D. planted
5.(2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题)Sand turns to glass when it______ by lightning.
A.hits B. is hit C. is hitting D. will be hit
6.(2023·河北·统考中考真题)Breakfast _______every day for people aged over 60 for free in this village.
A.provides B. provided C. is provided D. was provided
7.(2023-湖北鄂州·统考中考真题)--What language ______in Germany
--Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too.
A. speak B. is spoken C.is speaking D. speaks
8.(2023·湖北孝感·统考中考真题)--Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day
--Of course. Chinese_____by more and more people around the world nowadays.
A. spoke B. is spoken C. speaks D. was spoken
9.(2023-湖南郴州·统考中考真题)Many trees and flowers______ every year to make our environment more beautiful.
A. plant B.are planted C.were planted
10.(2023-四川成都·统考中考真题)A great number of beautiful flowers______on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
A.plant B. are planted C. are planting
11.(2023·四川凉山·统考中考真题)--We're so proud that China is getting stronger and stronger.
--Yes. As you can see, Chinese ______by more and more foreigners.
A. learns B. is learned C. was learned
12.(2023-四川达州·统考中考真题)--Would you mind telling me if he______the meeting in two days --He won't, unless he ______.
A. will attend, is invited B. attends, will be invited C. will attend, invites
13.(2022-内蒙古·中考真题)--What a mess! The sharing bikes ______everywhere.
--Let's collect and put them in the right place so that they can be used conveniently.
A. throw B. threw C. is thrown D. are thrown
14.(2022-辽宁丹东·统考中考真题)--Do Chinese people like ping-pong a lot
--Yes. It_______by people of all ages.
A.plays B. is played C.played D. was played
15.(2022-湖南益阳·统考中考真题)--Students in our school ____ to swim in the rivers or lakes alone. --Neither are we. After all, safety must come first.
A. allow B. don't allow C. aren't allowed
16. (2022·辽宁大连·统考中考真题)In the Wolong Panda Reserve, visitors _____ to get closer to pandas.
A. allow B. allowed C. are allowing D. are allowed
17.(2022-广西百色·中考真题)Chinese_______by more and more people in the world.
A. speak B. speaks C. is speaking D. is spoken
18.(2022-广西贵港·统考中考真题)--People _______to take their temperatures before they go into the supermarket during theCOVID-19pandemic(新冠疫情).
-- I think it's a good way to protect ourselves.
A. are asking B. are asked C. asked D. ask
19.(2022-北京·统考中考真题)On our farm, the tea leaves______ by hand when they are ready.
A. pick B. picked C.are picked D. were picked
20.(2022-黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题)Chinese astronauts _____as heroes. We all look up to them.
A. are regarded B. regard C.regarded
21. (2022-贵州铜仁·统考中考真题)--Mum, could I watch the movie The Battle at Changjin Lake tonight
--Of course, if your homework_____.
A. finishes B. finished C. was finished D. is finished
22.(2022·四川凉山·统考中考真题)With double reduction policy (双减政策), students ____ less homework now so that they have enough time to take part in more activities.
A. will give B. were given C. are given
23. (2022-湖北·统考中考真题)--Many DIY cards ______ to mothers on Mother's Day every year. --How creative!
A. is sending B. are sending C. is sent D. are sent
24. (2022-河北·统考中考真题)--Mmm...Delicious. What is it
--It______zongzi, Tony. It's a traditional food in China.
A. calls B. is called C. called D. was called
25.(2022-四川乐山·统考中考真题)--Waiter, a glass of apple juice, please.
--Sorry. Apple juice _____only at breakfast.
A. serves B. is served C. is serving
26.(2022-天津·统考中考真题)A lot of birds ______ in nature parks every year.
A.protect B.is protected C. are protected D.protected
27. (2022-云南昆明·统考中考真题)The tea in Yunnan is so famous that it _____ to places across the world every day.
A. sends B. sent C.is sent D. will be sent
28.(2022-四川遂宁·统考中考真题)--More and more high-technology products _____in China.
--Yes. Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.
A. is making B. are making C. is made D. are made
29. (2022·辽宁阜新·中考真题)Chinese_____by more and more people around the world today.
A. learns B. learned C.was learned D. is learned
30.(2021-内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题)--In China, driving after drinking ______.
--You are right. That's ______ the law.
A. is not allowed; against B. was not allowed; with
C.are not allowed; for D.were not allowed; along
31.(2021·广西河池·统考中考真题)All customers ______ to take their temperatures when they enter the supermarket.
A. is asked B. was asked C. are asked D. were asked
32.(2021-辽宁·统考中考真题)The videos about cooking tell us how food_____.
A. makes B. made C.is made D. was made
33.(2021·广西玉林·统考中考真题)--Mom, I feel a little bit hungry now.
--These cakes ______with chocolate. Have some, please.
A. are filled B. filled C.fill D. are filling
34.(2021·辽宁盘锦·统考中考真题)If the science fiction _____ into English, it will be popular around the world.
A.translates B. is translated C.translated D. was translated
35.(2021·广西桂林·统考中考真题)These great books______by people all over the world today.
A. were read B. read C. are read
36.(2021·广西梧州·统考中考真题)In our English class, many chances______to students to show themselves.
A. offer B. are offered C. offered D. are offering
37.(2021-湖南益阳·统考中考真题)--How clean the roads are!
--They _____by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A. are cleaned B. clean C. will clean
38.(2021-四川凉山·统考中考真题)--Every year, millions of plastic bottles ______away, polluting the land and waterways.
--That's terrible. We should protect our environment.
A. threw B. are thrown C.have thrown D. were thrown
39. (2021-湖南邵阳·统考中考真题)--Lily, cars are increasing very fast nowadays.
--Actually, lots of convenience (方便)______for us.
A.provided B.provided C.is provided
40.(2021-吉林·统考中考真题)--Let's eat some snacks.
--Better not. Eating ____in the library.
A. are not allowed B. doesn't allow C. is not allowed
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