2026届高考英语一轮复习阅读完形熟词生义高频100词背与练清单学案（含答案）

高考英语阅读完形熟词生义高频100词背与练
1.agree with （熟义：同意）
Your story agrees with what I heard . ( 与...一致)
2.back（熟义： n．背）
Many of his friends backed his plan. ( vt. 支持）
3.cost（熟义： vt．花费；值……)
His careless driving cost him his life.（vt. 使失去）
4.cover（熟义： v．覆盖）
Here is $5.That should cover all your expenses. ( v. 足够支付，够付）
By sunset we had covered thirty miles. ( v. 走完一段路）
He is carrying out a research that covers a wild field. ( v. 涉及)
He was sent to cover the event. ( v．报道）
5.book（熟义： n．书）
I 'll book a ticket to Beijing .( v．预订）
6.course（熟义： n．课程；过程）
The main course was a vegetable stew .( n .一道菜）
7.cross（熟义： v．跨越，横穿 n．十字）
Don't be cross with him, after all, he meant to help. ( adj. 生气的)
8.case（熟义： n．情况；状况）
There are three cases of fever in school. (n. 病例，案例)
9.chance（熟义： n．机会）
She chanced to be in when he was called. ( v. 碰巧)
10.charge（熟义： v．索价，收费；指控，控告）
Mother charged Alice to take good care of the baby. ( v. 赋予...责任或义务）
11.clean（熟义： adj．干净的）
I clean forgot about calling him ( adv. 彻底地，完全地）
12.damage（熟义： v. & n．损坏）
He claimed $7,000 damages from the taxi company. (n. 赔偿金)
13.desert（熟义： n．沙漠）
He deserted his wife and children and went abroad. ( v. 抛弃，离弃）
14.develop（熟义： v．发展；开发；研制）
Did you have the films developed ( v. 冲印)
develop a habit ( v．逐渐形成）
Most of the plants developed the disease. (v. 患病)
15.drive（熟义： v．驾驶）
Hunger drove her to steal .[ v．迫使（某人做不好或极端的事）]
16.divorce（熟义： v．与某人离婚）
You can ' t divorce science from ethical questions. (v. 使分离，使脱离）
17.draw（熟义： v．画；拖；拉）
What moral are we to draw from the story？(v. 获得，取得，推断出)
18.date（熟义： n ．日期）
For a year I dated a woman who was a research assistant. ( v. 约会)
19.express（熟义： v．表达）
His express wish was that you should come here by air .( adj .明确的)
Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai ( n .快车）
20.encourage（熟义： vt ．鼓励；激励）
Good health encourages clear thinking .(v.促进，助长，刺激)
21.escape（熟义：v.逃跑，逃脱）
His name escapes me for the moment .(v. 使忘掉，被忽视）
22.explode （熟义： v．爆炸；爆裂）
I ' m about to explode ! He broke my violin .( v. 勃然大怒，大发雷霆）
23.fail（熟义： v．失败）
Our water supply failed .( v．不足；缺乏）
He is failing in health ./ His health is failing .( v. 衰退，减弱）
He failed to lend her a hand .( v．未能）
Words failed him ( vt．使失望；有负于）
24.film（熟义： n ．电影）
I 'll buy a roll of film to take pictures .( n .胶卷）
25.fill（熟义： v．填满）
His answer did not fill our need .( vt . 满足）
26.fine（熟义： adj．美好的；很棒的；晴朗的）
There ' s a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words .( adj . 细微的)
The man will get a fine if he parks the car there .( n . 罚款）
27.foreign（熟义： adj．外国的；外交的）
The subject is foreign to me .( adj ．不熟悉的）
Telling lies is foreign to her nature. ( adj. .和...格格不入）
28.form（熟义： vt ．形成）
I can not form an opinion about it. ( vt. 想出）
29.freeze（熟义： v．结冰，凝固）
Freeze! Or I 'll shoot .( v．不许动）
30.fly（熟义： v．飞；飞翔 n．苍蝇）
The children flew to meet their mother. ( v．疾驰；疾行）
31.fresh（熟义： adj．新鲜的）
She is quite fresh to office work .( adj．无经验的）
32.gain（熟义： v．获得，赢得）
Don ' t worry. My watch gains . We still have time. v.(钟表)快
The car gained speed gradually. [ vt．增加（速度、重量）]
33.given（熟义： v．被给予）
Given the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.( prep .考虑到）
govern（熟义： v．管理；控制）
The law of supply and demand governs the prices of goods. ( vt. 影响，支配）
35.grow up （熟义：长大；成熟）
A warm friendship grew up between the two men. (逐渐发展，形成)
36.hit（熟义： v．击中，打击）
The film is quite a hit of this year. (n. 成功，红极一时的人或事）
37.ill（熟义： adj．生病的）
It ' s no good speaking ill of others .( adj .& adv. 坏的/地)
38.interest（熟义： n．兴趣）
Our family has an interest in the business. ( n. 利益，股份)
39.invent（熟义： v．发明）
He invented an excuse for his being late. (vi. 捏造，虚构)
40.invite（熟义： v．邀请）
Don ' t leave the window open - it's inviting thieves to enter. ( v. 吸引 )
The dishes are really inviting. ( adj．诱人的）
41.inspire（熟义： v．激励；鼓舞）
His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother. ( v. 启发）
42.jam（熟义： n．果酱）
He jammed four apples into his pocket. ( vt. 塞进)
The accident has jammed the main road for 2 hours. ( vt. 堵塞）
There are traffic jams every day on this road. ( n. 堵塞）
43. jump （熟义： v.& n．跳）
Last week , the price of goods jumped. ( v. 大幅度上涨）
44.just（熟义： adv．正好；恰好）
You are a just person. ( adj．公正的）
45.kid（熟义： n．小孩）
Take it easy . I ' m just kidding. ( v．开玩笑，欺骗）
46.kill（熟义： v．杀掉；害死）
That guy hangs around all day long , killing time. v . 消磨（时间））
47.late (熟义：adj./adv. 迟到，晚）
She missed her late husband very much .( adj. 已故的)
48.lift（义： v．高）
Can you give me a lift ( n．搭便车）
His report gave us a lift. ( n．鼓舞）
49.lose（熟义： v．失去；丢掉）
Please hurry ! My watch loses 10 minutes. [ vt.(钟表）慢（与gain相对）]
50.lot（熟义： n．量，批）
It is difficult for us to find a parking lot outside some shopping centres. ( n. 场地)
51.last（熟义： adj．最后的）
He is the last man I want to see. ( adj. 最不可能的）
52.mean（熟义： v．意思是，意味着）
It s mean of you to eat up all the apples. ( adj. 自私的）
53.mend（熟义： v．修理；修补）
The patient is still mending slowly after the operation. ( v. 痊愈，改善 )
54.message（熟义： n．信息，口信）
I ' d like to see a film with a message. ( n. 教益，寓意）
55.might（熟义： modal v. 或许）
I use all my might to open the door. ( n. 力量)
multiply（熟义： v．乘，乘以；繁殖）
We can multiply our chances of success. ( v. 成倍增加，迅速增加）
57.note（熟义： n．笔记）
Learn the notes by heart. ( n．台词）
I noted that her hands were dirty. ( v. 注意）
58.operate（熟义： vi．运转；做手术）
The medicine operated quickly. ( vi．起作用）
59.part（熟义： n．部分；零件；角色）
In order to raise money, he had to part with some of his most treasured possessions. ( v. 放弃，卖掉）
60.position（熟义： n．位置；职位）
What ' s your position on the problem ( n. 立场，观点)
61.promise（熟义： v.& n．许诺）
The dark clouds promise rain. ( v．预示；使……有可能）
62.pronounce（熟义： v. 发音）
The judge pronounced against her appeal. ( v. 宣称，宣布，判决 )
put up（熟义：建造；张贴）
Could you put me up for the night （留……住宿）
64.rate（熟：n．比率，速度）
These potatoes rate among the best .（被认为，被评价为）
65.read（熟义： v．阅读）
I didn’t read Mothers thoughts at that time. (v. 理解，领会)
The sign reads “No admittance”. (v.写着）
66.reflect（熟义： v．反映；反射；表现）
I need time to reflect on your offer. [ v. 沉思，思考( on / upon )]
67.round（熟义： prep .& adv．环绕，围着 adj．圆形的）
We are losing the game in the last round due to our complacency. ( n. 回合，轮，局)
68.recover（熟义： v．恢复健康；痊愈）
He almost fell , but succeeded in recovering himself. (v. 恢复，重新控制）
69.refresh（熟： vt. 使恢复精力)
Her words refreshed my memory .( vt．提醒；提示；使想起；刷新）
70.relate（熟义： v．与……有关；相关）
I related my adventure to my family. (v. 讲述）
remote（熟义： adj．偏远的；偏僻的）
He is a remote relative of mine. ( adj. 关系较远的，远亲的）
72.repair（熟义： v. / n．修理）
How can I repair the damage I have caused？（v. 补救，弥补)
73.respect（熟义： vt .& n．尊敬；敬意）
In most respects, the new film is better than the original . （n . 方面，细节)
74.review（熟义： vt ．复习）
She reviewed what had happened .( vt．回顾）
75.safe（熟义： adj．安全的）
He is a safe man. You can count on him. ( adj. 谨慎的，不冒险的）
76.say（熟义： vt ．说）
Say that war breaks out , what will you do？（v. 假定，比方说）
The book doesn’t say where he was born. (v. 写着，指示）
77.see（熟义： v．看到）
This century has seen two world wars. ( vt. 有...的经验，经历，体验）
78. shoulder （熟义： n．肩膀）
Young people should learn to shoulder the duty / blame. ( v. 承担）
79.sound（熟义： n．声音）
It is important to have a sound body. ( adj. 健康的)
My wife is a sound sleeper. ( adj．酣睡的）
Your idea is very sound .( adj．中肯的，合理的）
80.spare（熟义： adj．多余的；备用的；空余的 v．不吝惜；拨出，抽出）
He spared the thief .( v．饶恕；放过）
81.spring（熟义： n．春天；泉水）
Fast food restaurants are springing up all over the city. （v. 迅速出现，涌出）
82.strength（熟义： n．力气）
Maths is not my strength. ( n．强项，优点，优势）
83.study（熟义： v．学习）
He likes to meet his friends in his study. ( n. 书房)
84.succeed（熟义： v．成功）
Who succeeded Kennedy as President (v. 继承，继任）
85.surprise（熟义： vt．使惊讶，使惊奇）
Our troops surprised the enemy in the midnight. ( vt. 出其不意地袭击或发现）
86.satisfy（熟义： v．使满意；使满足）
She satisfied her hunger with an apple. (v. 满足要求或需要等)
thirsty (熟义：adj. 口渴的)
The youth are thirsty for knowledge. ( adj. 渴望的)
88.tie（熟义： vt．拴，系）
They tied with the visiting team in the game. ( vi. 打成平手）
89.twist（熟义： v．使弯曲变形）
The road twists and turns along the coast. [ v. （道路、河流等）曲折，蜿蜒]
90.trouble（熟义： n．困难）
He took the trouble to gather the materials for us. ( n. 辛劳，辛苦）
91. travel（熟义： v.& n．旅行）
The news traveled fast. ( v．以某速度传播）
92.undertake（熟义： v．承担；从事）
I can't undertake that you will make a profit. (v. 承诺，允诺)
93.vote（熟义： n.& v．投票，表决）
I vote that we go home .[ v.（口语）建议]
94.walk（熟义： v.& n．行走；步行）
This society welcomes people from all walks of life. ( n. 行业)
He is walking his dog. ( vt．遛)
wander（熟义： v．漫游；游荡；漫步）
Don ' t wander from the point. ( v．离开原处或正道）
Her thoughts wandered back to her youth. (v. 走神，神志恍惚，思想开小差)
96.wear（熟义： vt．穿，戴）
he girl always wears a happy smile. （v. 表露，流露，面带）
97.weigh（熟义： v．称……的重量；重达……)
Please weigh the advantages and disadvantages of doing this! ( v. 权衡，斟酌）
98.weight（熟义： n．重量）
How much weight will be attached to his decision （n. 分量，重要性）
99.will（熟义： modal v．表将来或意愿）
He showed great strength of will. ( n. 意志力)
what did it say in the will ( n．遗嘱）
100.word（熟义： n．单词）
Word comes that there will be a film this evening. ( n. 消息，情报）
补充
add (熟义：增加）v.补充说
address (熟义：地址）v.演说
arm（熟义：胳膊）n.武器 v.武装
badly（熟义：坏地）adv.迫切地
bear（熟义：熊）v.忍受
stand（熟义：站立）v.忍受
blue（熟义：蓝色）adj.心情不好
can（熟义：能）n.罐头，一听
count（熟义：数数）v.重要
matter（熟义：事情）v.重要
fall（熟义：落下）n.秋天，瀑布， 降雨量
figure（熟义：数字，人物） v.想象 n.身材
hand（熟义：手）v.给，帮助
happen（熟义：发生）v.碰巧
head（熟义：头）v.前往
hold（熟义：抓住）v.容纳，举办
look（熟义：看）n.表情
move（熟义：移动）v.感动
touch（熟义：触摸）v.感动
pick up（熟义：捡起）学会，搭载
practice（熟义：练习）n.惯例
pretty（熟义：漂亮的）adv.非常
run（熟义：跑步）v.经营
share（熟义：分享）n.份额
still（熟义：仍然）adj.静止不动
that（熟义：那个）adv.那么
train（熟义：火车）v.训练
well（熟义:好）adv.非常 adj.气色好
while（熟义：当...时候）conj.尽管，然而
work（熟义：工作）v.起作用
some（熟义：一些）adv.大约
Tell（熟义：告诉）v.辨别
Treat（熟义：对待，治疗）v.款待
post（熟义：邮寄）n.帖子 v.发帖子
treasure（熟义:财富）v.重视，珍视
value（熟义：价值）v.重视，珍视
高考英语阅读完形熟词生义高频100词背与练
一、单项选择
1.The news quickly ______ across the small town.
A. traveled B. walked C. flew D. ran
2.His careless driving ______ him his license.
A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid
3.The teacher asked us to ______ the pros and cons before making a decision.
A. weigh B. measure C. count D. calculate
4.The dark clouds ______ heavy rain later in the day.
A. promised B. agreed C. hoped D. wished
5.She ______ to be the only person who knew the truth.
A. happened B. chanced C. managed D. tried
6.The company ______ him to handle the project independently.
A. charged B. accused C. blamed D. fined
7.The children were ______ with excitement when they saw the snow.
A. running B. flying C. jumping D. walking
8.The old man ______ his son’s success in his will.
A. spoke B. said C. mentioned D. worded
9.The new policy will ______ the development of small businesses.
A. encourage B. inspire C. invite D. force
10.The scientist ______ a theory based on years of research.
A. invented B. discovered C. developed D. created
二、句子填空
用所给单词的适当形式填空，注意熟词生义的用法。
1.The hotel can ______ (cover) up to 200 guests for the conference.
2.She ______ (date) a colleague for two years before they got married.
3.The doctor warned him that smoking would ______ (fail) his health.
4.The thief ______ (spare) by the police due to lack of evidence.
5.His speech ______ (reflect) the opinions of many young people.
三、翻译句子
1.他的故事和我听到的一致。（用 agree with 的熟词生义）
2.这道数学题不是我的强项。（用 strength 的熟词生义）
3.他彻底忘记了今天的会议。（用 clean 的熟词生义）
4.这条消息今晚会传遍全校。（用 travel 的熟词生义）
5.她承担了照顾弟弟的责任。（用 shoulder 的熟词生义）
四、改错题
找出句中划线部分的错误并改正。
1.The book doesn’t say where he was born. (改为正确的熟词生义动词)
2.He invented an excuse for being late. (改为更贴切的熟词生义动词)
3.The students grew up a close friendship during the trip. (改为正确的短语)
4.The law governs the prices of goods in the market. (改为更贴切的熟词生义动词)
5.She charged me to finish the report by Friday. (改为正确的熟词生义动词)
高考英语完形熟词生义专项练习（含答案与详解）
一、单项选择
1. The news quickly ______ across the small town.
A. traveled B. walked C. flew D. ran
答案：A
解析："travel" 熟义为“旅行”，此处生义为“（消息）传播”，符合句意。
2. His careless driving ______ him his license.
A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid
答案：B
解析： "cost" 熟义为“花费”，此处生义为“使失去”，句意为“他的粗心驾驶让他失去了驾照”。
3. The teacher asked us to ______ the pros and cons before making a decision.
A. weigh B. measure C. count D. calculate
答案：A
解析： "weigh" 熟义为“称重”，此处生义为“权衡”，与“利弊（pros and cons）”搭配。
4. The dark clouds ______ heavy rain later in the day.
A. promised B. agreed C. hoped D. wished
答案：A
解析：** "promise" 熟义为“承诺”，此处生义为“预示”，句意为“乌云预示大雨将至”。
5. She ______ to be the only person who knew the truth.
A. happened B. chanced C. managed D. tried
答案：B
解析："chance" 熟义为“机会”，此处作动词表示“碰巧”，与句意“她碰巧是唯一知情者”一致。
6. The company ______ him to handle the project independently.
A. charged B. accused C. blamed D. fined
答案：A
解析："charge" 熟义为“收费；控告”，此处生义为“赋予责任”，句意为“公司委派他负责项目”。
7. The children were ______ with excitement when they saw the snow.
A. running B. flying C. jumping D. walking
答案：C
解析："jump" 熟义为“跳跃”，此处生义为“（因兴奋）蹦跳”，与“excitement”呼应。
8. The old man ______ his son’s success in his will.
A. spoke B. said C. mentioned D. worded
答案：C
解析："mention" 为常见词，但需注意“will”在此处的生义为“遗嘱”，句意为“老人在遗嘱中提到儿子的成功”。
9. The new policy will ______ the development of small businesses.
A. encourage B. inspire C. invite D. force
答案：A
解析："encourage" 熟义为“鼓励”，此处生义为“促进”，与“development”搭配。
10. The scientist ______ a theory based on years of research.
A. invented B. discovered C. developed D. created
答案：C
解析："develop" 熟义为“发展”，此处生义为“形成（理论）”，强调渐进过程。
二、句子填空
1. The hotel can **cover** up to 200 guests for the conference.
**解析：** "cover" 生义为“足够容纳”。
2. She **dated** a colleague for two years before they got married.
**解析：** "date" 生义为“与某人约会”。
3. The doctor warned him that smoking would **fail** his health.
**解析：** "fail" 生义为“损害，衰退”。
4. The thief **was spared** by the police due to lack of evidence.
**解析：** "spare" 生义为“饶恕”。
5. His speech **reflects** the opinions of many young people.
**解析：** "reflect" 生义为“反映”。
三、翻译句子
1. His story agrees with what I heard.
解析： "agree with" 生义为“与……一致”。
2. Maths is not my strength.
解析："strength" 生义为“强项”。
He clean forgot about today’s meeting.
解析："clean" 生义为“完全地”。
4. The news will travel across the whole school tonight.
解析："travel" 生义为“传播”。
5. She shouldered the responsibility of taking care of her brother.
解析："shoulder" 生义为“承担”。
四、改错题
1. 错误：say → 正确：read
解析："read" 生义为“写着”，句意为“书上没写他的出生地”。
2. 错误：invented → 正确：made up
解析："make up" 更贴切表示“编造借口”。
3. 错误：grew up → 正确：developed
解析："develop a friendship" 为固定搭配，表示“建立友谊”。
4. 错误：governs → 正确：controls
解析：此处“控制价格”更符合语境，但原句无语法错误，生义用法合理。
5. 错误：charged → 正确：asked
解析："charge" 虽可表“委派”，但“ask”更符合日常表达。
练习总结
通过熟词生义的专项训练，帮助学生掌握词汇的多义性，尤其关注完形填空中高频的生僻含义。建议结合例句反复记忆，并在阅读中积累语境用法。