UNIT3 DIVERSE CULTURES
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. occurvi.发生；出现 2. downtownadv.在市中心；往市中心
3. seekvt.& vi.寻找;寻求;争取;（向人）请求、 4. earnvt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得
5. claimvt.& n.夺取（生命）;宣称;断言 6. seriesn.一系列;连续;接连
7. escapevi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱 8. financialadj.财政的;财务的;金融的
9. foldvt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.（可）折小；（可）叠平 10. superadv.特别;格外 adj.顶好的；超级的
11. percentagen.百分率;百分比 12. climaten.气候 13. materialn.材料；布料；素材 adj.物质的；实际的
14. itemn.项目;一件商品（或物品）;一条（新闻） 15. neatadj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的
阅读词汇
1. chip n.（英）炸土豆条 2. cheese n.干酪；奶酪
3. spicy adj.加有香料的；辛辣的 4. ethnic adj.具有民族特色的；
5. mission n.传教（区）;重要任 6. district n.地区；区域
7. graffiti n.[pl.]涂鸦;胡写乱画 8. comic n.连环画杂志;漫画杂志喜adj.滑稽的;使人发
9. china n.瓷；瓷器 10. diagram n.简图；图解；
11. jeans n.牛仔裤 12. boot n.靴子
13. mushroom n.蘑菇；蕈 14. souvenir n.纪念物;纪念品 15. mild adj.温和的；和善
拓展词汇
1. diverseadj.不同的;多种多样的→diversityn.多样性;差异（性）;不同（点）
2. fortunen.机会;运气→fortunateadj.幸运的;运气好的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地
3. admitvi.& vt.承认vt.准许进入（或加入）→admissionn.承认;入场费;进入许可
4. definitelyadv.肯定;确实→definiteadj.明确的;确定的→definitionn.释义;定义
5. historicaladj.（有关）历史的→historicadj.有历史意义的;历史上著名的
6. immigrantn.（外来）移民;外侨→immigratev.移居入境→immigrationn.移民入境;移居
7. selectvt.选择;挑选;选拔→selectionn.选择;挑选;选拔→selectedadj.精选的
8. minorityn.少数民族;少数派;少数人→minoradj.较小的;次要的
9. poetryn.诗集;诗歌;诗作→poetn.诗人→poemn.诗;韵文
10. poisonousadj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的→poisonn.毒物;毒药;毒素 vt.毒死;毒害
11. collectionn.作品集;收集物;收藏品→collectvt.收集;采集
12. settlevt.& vi.定居;结束（争论）;解决（纠纷）→settlementn.移民;定居点→settlern.移民;殖民者→settledadj.固定的;不变的
13. constructionn.建筑;建造;建造物;（句子、短语等的）结构→constructv.建造,修建
14. suitvt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装→suitableadj.适当的;相配的
15. containvt.包含;含有;容纳→containern.集装箱;容器
2 高频短语
1. head to（朝……）前进;（向……）去
2. seek one’s fortune寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
3. earn a living谋生
4. series of一系列或一连串（事件）
5. apart from除了……外（还）;此外
6. bring about导致;引起
7. to name but a few仅举几例
8. （at） first hand第一手;亲自
3 经典句型
1. It is likely that（很可能）Native Americans moved to California at least fifteen thousand years ago.（It is likely that...）
2. I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again（再次回到这座城市确实感觉很好）.（it作形式主语）
3. This district used to be a poor area of town（这个区过去是城里的一个贫困区域）, but is now a centre for art, music, and food.（used to do）
4. The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently（他们中很多人英语说得并不流利）.（“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句）
5. It has a long and famous history, with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there（作家罗伯特·路易斯·斯蒂文森曾长居于此进行创作）.（with复合结构）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Today, I have arrived back in San Francisco, and 1.it feels good to be back in the city again. The city succeeded in rebuilding 2.itself（it） after the earthquake that 3.occurred（occur） in 1906. In the afternoon, I headed 4.to a local museum which showed the 5.historical（historic） changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to 6.earn a living （谋生）. Many others worked on farms, joined the gold rush, or 7.went（go） to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us how America was built by 8.immigrants（immigrant） from 9.different（difference） countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on 10.beautiful（beauty） china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to a jazz bar in the Richmond District.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. [2019课标全国Ⅱ]A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.解脱
2. Poor health may be a bar to success in life. 障碍
3. She was unable to contain her excitement. 抑制
词性变换
1. [2021浙江]Unfortunately（unfortunate） we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point.
2. As the story unfolded（unfold）, the heroine’s inner feeling was complicated, which makes us fail to catch her emotion well.
3. [2020天津]For people who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely（definite） making noise.
4. Tom applied foradmission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn’t admitted into it at last.（admit）
5. People from diverse cultures hold different understandings of the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.（diverse）
6. Last year Tom went to Shanghai to try hisfortune. Fortunately, he met his girlfriend and got married there.（fortune）
7. It’s reported that the coach willselect twelve basketball players to take part in the sports meeting. The final selection will be made tomorrow.（select）
8. An official was sent tosettle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement.（settle）
9. The workers are constructing the bridge damaged by the flood, and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town.（construct）
短语串烧
Jack was 1.heading to（朝……前进） the big city after he left his hometown to 2.seek his fortune（闯世界）. In order to 3.earn a living（谋生） and make his family live a happy life, he had to do varieties of things 4.at first hand（亲自）. However, he was very weak and suffered a lot. 5.Apart from[除……之外（还）] 6.a series of（一连串）health problems, 7.to name but a few（仅举几例）, headaches, stomach aches and broken legs, he met many other difficulties which 8.brought about（导致） his failure again and again.
二、话题重现
Many foreigners have to admit that Chinese food isn’t simply a meal. It’s sometimes 1.a unique experience. Failing to select the right food and struggling with chopsticks 2.are（be） only parts of the adventure every time I sit down in a restaurant.
Here, I want to name but a few. In one 3.definitely（definite） historical Sichuan restaurant, it took 3 waiters and 15 minutes for us to order only four drinks. I simply wanted water, 4.but my dad wanted to try the fresh juice they listed on the menu. There were two problems, however. The menu contained neither diagrams nor English. After several hand gestures, we ended 5.ordering（order） just a Coca-Cola.
Afterwards, we headed to xiabu xiabu, a very famous hotpot chain. As soon as we walked in, the entire people in the restaurant seemed to stare at us and I wanted 6.to escape（escape） from it. Fortunately, the waitress was very patient and mild. Apart 7.from the waitress, the boss also gave us our food at first hand. Although it was not the best food that suited me in Beijing, it was certainly entertaining to drop things into the boiling pot of soup.
No matter how many difficulties we have met regarding food, our 8.experiences（experience） bring about the best stories to tell. The servers always greet us with a big smile even when they realize they have to clean up the noodles 9.slipped（slip） through our clumsy way of using chopsticks.
三、写作提能
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom要来中国旅游，写信向你询问景点事宜，请你根据下面的要点给他回信，介绍一下中国重庆的情况，要点如下：
1.重庆的地理位置； 2.历史、文化； 3.推荐旅游。
Dear Tom,
Learning that you are going to travel in China, I’d like to recommend Chongqing to you.
Chongqing 1.lies in the southwest of China（位于中国的西南部）. 2.It is known that （众所周知）it is called “the City of Hills” situated along a hilly landscape. Chongqing 3.has not only famous Chinese culture but also a long history of more than 3,000 years（不仅有著名的中国文化，而且有3,000多年的悠久历史）. There are many places of interest, attracting visitors from all over the world. And 4.there are a variety of special snacks for people to choose from （这里有各种各样的特色小吃供人们选择）. In addition, the mild climate of Chongqing makes it a suitable place to live in. Chongqing is worth paying a visit to!
Best wishes!UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. illustratevt.（举例）说明;阐明;给（书或文章）加插图 2. complainvi.& vt.抱怨;发牢骚
3. hirevt.聘任;雇用;租用 n.租借；租用 4. publishvt.发表（作品）;出版
5. staffn.员工;全体职员 6. replacevt.接替；取代；更换
7. accidentn.事故;车祸;失事
8. whispervi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n.耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传
9. importn.进口;进口商品 vt.进口;输入;引进 10. exportn.出口;出口商品 vt.出口;输出;传播
11. bitevt.& vi.（bit, bitten）咬;叮;蜇 n.咬;（咬下的）一口;咬伤 12. memoryn.记忆力；回忆
13. chainn.一连串（人或事）；链子；链条 14. disguisevt.装扮；假扮；掩盖 n.伪装；化装用具
15. spillvt.& vi.（spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled）（使）洒出;（使）溢出
16. despairn.绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望
阅读词汇
1. moral adj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意
2. virtue n.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3. dilemma n.进退两难的境地;困境 4. faint vi.昏倒；晕厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的
5. scholarship n.奖学金 6. physician n.医师;（尤指）内科医生
7. colleague n.同事;同僚 8. clinic n.诊所;门诊部
9. decade n.十年;十年期 10. kindergarten n.学前班；幼儿园
11. principle n.道德原则;法则;原则 12. insurance n.保险;保险业
13. pregnant adj.怀孕的；妊娠的 14. cart n.手推车；运货马车
拓展词汇
1. preciousadj.珍稀的;宝贵的→preciouslyadv.珍贵地
2. marriagen.结婚;婚姻→marryvi.& vt.（和某人）结婚;嫁;娶→marriedadj.已婚的;婚姻的
3. majorityn.大部分;大多数→majoradj.主要的 vi.主修 n.专业→minorityn.少数
4. respondvt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应→responsen.反应;回答;回复
5. rejectvt.拒绝接受;不录用→rejectionn.拒绝接受;否决
6. appointvt.任命;委派→appointmentn.约定;任命
7. electvt.选举;推选→electionn.选举;推选;当选
8. tendvt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于→tendencyn.倾向;趋势
9. retirevi.& vt.退休;退职;退出→retirementn.退休;引退
10. scarevt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓→scaredadj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scaryadj.恐怖的;可怕的
11. sharpadj.（增长、下跌等）急剧的;锋利的;明显的→sharpenvi.& vt.（使）变得锋利;使尖锐→sharpenern.磨具;削具
12. energeticadj.精力充沛的;充满活力的→energyn.能量;精力
13. operationn.手术;企业;经营→operatev.操作;经营→operatorn.操作员;接线员
14. assistvt.帮助;援助→assistancen.帮助;协助→assistantn.助手;助理;售货员
15. memoryn.记忆力;回忆→memorialn.纪念碑;纪念品→memorizevt.记住;记忆
16. harmn.& vt.伤害;损害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的
17. flexibleadj.灵活的；可变通的→flexiblyadv.灵活地；易曲地；柔软地→flexibilityn.灵活性；柔韧性；适应性
2 高频短语
1. carry sb. through sth.帮助某人渡过难关
2. tend to do sth.易于做某事;往往会发生某事
3. pass away去世
4. in memory of作为对……的纪念
5. trip over被……绊倒
6. in tears流着泪;含着泪
7. in despair处于绝望中
8. a great deal （of）大量
3 经典句型
1. To a personnothing is more precious than their life（生命是最宝贵的）, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust...（“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义）
2. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired（有史以来第一个被聘用的女性） as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.（不定式作定语）
3. The new People’s Republic of China saw（见证）Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.（动词拟人化）
4. After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head（每人头上顶着一坛水）. （独立主格结构）
5. If not（如果不），we surely must find the owner， for he will certainly miss it.（if省略句）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或给出括号内单词的正确形式。
When she was five years old， Lin Qiaozhi was deeply 1.affected（affect） by her mother’s death. At age 18， she chose to study medicine unlike the 2.majority（major） of girls. Eight years later， Lin graduated 3.from Peking Union Medical College and immediately became the first woman ever 4.to be hired（hire） as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. In 1941， the department was closed because of the war. 5.Thinking（think） of all the people still in need of help， Dr Lin 6.opened（open） a private clinic. She charged very low 7.fees（fee） to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. In 1954, she was selected to the first National People’s Congress and, over the next several 8.decades（decade）, she held many important positions. Dr Lin did not retire 9.till/untilthe day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her 10.savings（save） to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. A writer with great scholarship can achieve great success.学问,学识;学术成就
2. I felt a sharp pain in my stomach.剧烈的，猛烈的
3. As we all know, his lawyer’s a sharp operator.狡猾的
词性变换
1. The idea of having to sell their home and move into a retirement（retire）home was an extremely painful experience for them.
2. All in all, a world full of gratitude is preciously（precious） expected for thousands of years.
3. One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.（majority）
4. He wasappointed as manager of the company. But to everyone’s surprise, he didn’t accept the appointment.（appoint）
5. He won the election and was elected president of the country.（elect）
6. The stormtends to hit our city, and we will observe the tendency of it closely.（tend）
7. It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it.（scare）
8. The boy’s pencil isn’t sharpo, so he sharpens it with his pencil sharpener.（sharp）
短语串烧
Yesterday, Jack’s grandfather was 1.tripped over（被……绊倒）, which 2.tends to（往往会）happen to the old. His whole family were in tears and 3.in despair（处于绝望中） because they were unable to give first aid. They were in need of help. Unfortunately, the old man 4.passed away（去世）. He was a man who 5.carried his family through（帮助他的家庭渡过） a lot of difficulties. They built a tombstone 6.in memory of（作为对……的纪念）him.
二、话题重现
Nowadays, people sometimes meet with various dilemmas in life. Sometimes they are connected with moral ones. For example, if you see an old lady faint in the street, what will you do Though it is 1.a precious virtue to help others, a majority of people will be worried when they have to carry others 2.through the trouble. Some tend 3.to refuse （refuse） to offer a hand in the situation where others may entrust their life to them.
To illustrate this kind of dilemma, let’s look at another example. When COVID-19 broke out, many resident 4.physicians （physician） were facing a choice: will they go to Wuhan to help treat the patients even if this means that they may be in danger 5.Fortunately （fortunate）, many physicians from different provinces, some even from faraway Xinjiang or Heilongjiang, came to assist in the operations or tend the 6.scared （scare） patients carefully—whether he/she is a chairman of a company or a pregnant waitress in a cafe or a retired worker in a factory. They often worked far into the night, but they plained （complain）. Instead, they responded to any emergency energetically by providing medical care. These volunteer doctors and nurses devoted 8.themselves （they） to the fight against the pandemic per day, doing any task appointed to them and 9.caring （care） nothing about their income and honor.
Therefore, there is no doubt 10.that they made a right choice while facing a moral dilemma.
三、写作提能
请根据下面提示，向《21世纪英文报》投稿。请介绍一下你最喜欢的一位老师的情况：
1.邱老师善良且精力充沛；
2.他经常告诉我们善良是最宝贵的美德；
3.乐于助人，努力工作，成绩显著。
One of my favourite teachers is Mr. Qiu， 1.who is so kind and energetic （他非常善良且精力充沛）. He often tells us that 2.kindness is the most precious virtue（善良是最宝贵的美德）. We can’t agree with him more. He is 3.the first to assist the homeless dogs（第一个帮助流浪狗的人） in our neighborhood. He not only helps others, 4.if necessary（如果必要的话）, but also works hard. He has tried his best to 5.carry us through so many difficulties（帮助我们渡过了很多难关）that we think we couldn’t do better without his help.B3U1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. costumen.（某地或某历史时期的）服装；戏装 2. marchvi.& n.行进；前进；示威游行
3. rangen.一系列;范围、界限 vi.包括;（在一定范围内）变化 4. originn.起源;起因;出身
5. figuren.人物;数字;身材 vt.认为;认定
6. harvestn.收获季节;收获;收成 vi.& vt.收割（庄稼）;捕猎（动物、鱼）
7. gathervi.聚集;集合 vt.聚集;搜集;收割 8. gratefuladj.感激的；表示感谢的
9. featurevt.以……为特色 n.特色;特征;特点 10. atmospheren.气氛;氛围;（地球的）大气（层）
11. autonomousadj.自治的;有自治权的 12. regionn.地区;区域;地带
13. fancyadj.花哨的;精致的;昂贵的 vt.想要;倾慕;自认为是 14. momentn.片刻；瞬间
15. branchn.树枝;分支;支流 16. clapvt.鼓掌；拍手；击掌 n.鼓掌;拍手;掌声
阅读词汇
1. carnival n.狂欢节;嘉年华 2. ceremony n.典礼;仪式
3. samba n.桑巴舞；桑巴舞曲 4. make-up n.化妆品；性格；构成方式
5. gratitude n.感激之情;感谢 6. fade vi.& vt.逐渐消失;（使）褪色；（身体
7. firecracker n.鞭炮；爆竹 8. evil adj.邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的n.邪恶；罪恶；恶行
9. pumpkin n.南瓜 10. firework n.烟火;烟花[pl.]烟花表演
11. archery n.射箭术;射箭运动 12. robe n.袍服；礼袍
13. grace n.优美;优雅;高雅 14. tent n.帐篷
拓展词汇
1. congratulationn.祝贺;恭喜→congratulatevt.向（某人）道贺；（为成就或成功）感到自豪
2. religionn.宗教;宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教的；笃信宗教的
3. agriculturaladj.农业（劳动/生产）→agriculturen.农业;农艺
4. decoratevt.装饰;装潢→decorationn.装饰;装饰品
5. significantadj.有重大意义的；显著的→significancen.意义；（尤指对将来有影响的）重要性；意思；含义
6. typicaladj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的→typicallyadv.典型地；通常；一般→typen.类型;典型
7. commercialadj.商业（化）的;以获利为目的的→commercialisevt.使商业化;利用……牟利→commercialisationn.商业化
8. reflectvt.显示;反映;反射→reflectionn.（声、光、热等的）反射;反映
9. faithn.宗教信仰;信任;相信→faithfuladj.忠实的;忠诚的→faithfulnessn.忠诚
10. occasionn.特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）;（适当的）机会→occasionaladj.偶尔的;偶然的;临时的→occasionallyadv.偶然;偶尔;有时候
11. pleasedadj.高兴的;满意的→pleasev.使满意→pleasantadj.令人愉快的→pleasuren.高兴;快乐
12. frankadj.坦率的;直率的→franklyadv.坦率地→franknessn.率直，坦白
13. representvt.象征;代表;相当于→representativen.代表
14. wrestlevi.& vt.摔跤;奋力对付→wrestlingn.摔跤运动→wrestlern.摔跤运动员
15. absolutelyadv.绝对地;完全地→absoluteadj.绝对的;完全的
16. briefadj.简洁的;简单的;短暂的→brieflyadv.简短地;简要地;短暂地
17. respectn.& vt.尊敬;尊重→respectfuladj.表示敬意的;尊敬的→respectableadj.体面的;值得尊敬的
18. horribleadj.令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的→horriblyadv.可怕地
2 高频短语
1. dress （sb.） up穿上盛装;装扮
2. after all毕竟;别忘了
3. range from...to...包括从……到……之间
4. fade away逐渐消失;（身体）变得虚弱
5. in spite of不管;尽管
6. take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
7. have sth. in common（兴趣、想法等方面）相同;有相同的特征
8. to be frank坦白说;坦率地说
9. go off爆炸;走火;离开
10. except for除……之外
11. set off出发;动身;启程
3 经典句型
1. However, no matter how different they may seem（无论它们看起来可能多么迥异）, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.（no matter+疑问词）
2. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more（让人们更容易花更多的钱）on gifts for their loved ones.（make+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语）
3. Burin told me that Mongolians travel every year from near and far to attend the festival, justas their ancestors had done for centuries（像他们的祖先数百年以来做的那样）.（as引导非限制性定语从句）
4. After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles（像鹰一样）.（as if引导方式状语从句）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Festivals1.are celebrated（celebrate） all around the world and they have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Of all the 2.traditional（tradition） festivals,the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. People celebrate 3.to show（show） that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. Customs play a4.significant （significance） role in festivals, 5.but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade 6.away and others may be established. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage 7.of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps 8.have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts （让公众更容易花更多的钱买礼物） for their loved ones. Festivals reflect people’s wishes, 9.beliefs（believe）, faiths, and attitudes towards life. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot 10.in common after all.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. [2020浙江]However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. 展示
2. The police have absolute proof that he was the murderer.确凿的
3. Tennis is a religion in my family.特别的兴趣
词性变换
1. [2021全国甲]It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely（absolute） not.
2. [2021北京]Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly（significant） reduced or almost completely erased．
3. After hearing the news that he was admitted to a key university, almost everyone in the village came to his home to express their congratulations（congratulate） to him.
4. On this specialoccasion, you may have an occasional chance to meet your favourite star like Chris Lee.（occasion）
5. These white buildings arereflected in the river and their reflections are very beautiful. （reflect）
6. After abrief pause, he began to end the meeting briefly with only a few words.（brief）
7. In such a cultural background, everyone is polite and respectable. That’s to say, everyonerespects each other.（respect）
8. He often says that he doesn’t believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others’ religious freedom.（religion）
短语串烧
Jack 1.dressed up（穿上盛装）, looking at the mirror, and then 2.set off（出发） for school to have classes. Suddenly, he felt 3.fading away（变得虚弱） as if he were badly sick. 4.In spite of（尽管）weakness, he still insisted on going to school. He thought that, 5.after all（毕竟）, there were fifty students 6.ranging from seven to fourteen years old（从七岁到十四岁之间）. They were unique but 7.had something in common（有一些共同之处）. 8.Apart from（除……之外） their study, he was in charge of their daily life. 9.To be frank（坦率地说）, he was very tired.
三、写作提能
假如你是一位英国人，你的中国笔友邀请你一起过春节，请你谈一下在笔友家里过春节的体验，要点如下：
1.春节是中国家庭团聚的特殊日子；
2.春节传统；
3.感悟。
I was pleased that one of my pen pals in China 1.invited me to spend the Spring Festival with her（邀请我和她一起过春节）. As is known to all, the Spring Festival in China is 2.a special occasion for Chinese families to get together（中国家庭团聚的一个特殊日子）. We visited some of her family and relatives, 3.which made us happy（这让我们很高兴）. Besides, we ate some traditional food, 4.watched the fireworks and participated in some other celebration activities（观看了烟花，并参加了一些其他庆祝活动）, such as the temple fair. Though I was a little tired, I felt 5.it was worth it （这是值得的）.必修第三册
UNIT1 FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. costumen.（某地或某历史时期的）服装；戏装
2. marchvi.& n.行进；前进；示威游行
3. rangen.一系列;范围、界限 vi.包括;（在一定范围内）变化
4. originn.起源;起因;出身
5. figuren.人物;数字;身材 vt.认为;认定
6. harvestn.收获季节;收获;收成 vi.& vt.收割（庄稼）;捕猎（动物、鱼）
7. gathervi.聚集;集合 vt.聚集;搜集;收割
8. gratefuladj.感激的；表示感谢的
9. featurevt.以……为特色 n.特色;特征;特点
10. atmospheren.气氛;氛围;（地球的）大气（层）
11. autonomousadj.自治的;有自治权的
12. regionn.地区;区域;地带
13. fancyadj.花哨的;精致的;昂贵的 vt.想要;倾慕;自认为是
14. momentn.片刻；瞬间
15. branchn.树枝;分支;支流
16. clapvt.鼓掌；拍手；击掌 n.鼓掌;拍手;掌声
阅读词汇
1. carnival n.狂欢节;嘉年华
2. ceremony n.典礼;仪式
3. samba n.桑巴舞；桑巴舞曲
4. make-up n.化妆品；性格；构成方式
5. gratitude n.感激之情;感谢
6. fade vi.& vt.逐渐消失;（使）褪色；（身体）变得虚弱
7. firecracker n.鞭炮；爆竹
8. evil adj.邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的n.邪恶；罪恶；恶行
9. pumpkin n.南瓜
10. firework n.烟火;烟花[pl.]烟花表演
11. archery n.射箭术;射箭运动
12. robe n.袍服；礼袍
13. grace n.优美;优雅;高雅
14. tent n.帐篷
拓展词汇
1. congratulationn.祝贺;恭喜→congratulatevt.向（某人）道贺；（为成就或成功）感到自豪
2. religionn.宗教;宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教的；笃信宗教的
3. agriculturaladj.农业（劳动/生产）→agriculturen.农业;农艺
4. decoratevt.装饰;装潢→decorationn.装饰;装饰品
5. significantadj.有重大意义的；显著的→significancen.意义；（尤指对将来有影响的）重要性；意思；含义
6. typicaladj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的→typicallyadv.典型地；通常；一般→typen.类型;典型
7. commercialadj.商业（化）的;以获利为目的的→commercialisevt.使商业化;利用……牟利→commercialisationn.商业化
8. reflectvt.显示;反映;反射→reflectionn.（声、光、热等的）反射;反映
9. faithn.宗教信仰;信任;相信→faithfuladj.忠实的;忠诚的→faithfulnessn.忠诚
10. occasionn.特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）;（适当的）机会→occasionaladj.偶尔的;偶然的;临时的→occasionallyadv.偶然;偶尔;有时候
11. pleasedadj.高兴的;满意的→pleasev.使满意→pleasantadj.令人愉快的→pleasuren.高兴;快乐
12. frankadj.坦率的;直率的→franklyadv.坦率地→franknessn.率直，坦白
13. representvt.象征;代表;相当于→representativen.代表
14. wrestlevi.& vt.摔跤;奋力对付→wrestlingn.摔跤运动→wrestlern.摔跤运动员
15. absolutelyadv.绝对地;完全地→absoluteadj.绝对的;完全的
16. briefadj.简洁的;简单的;短暂的→brieflyadv.简短地;简要地;短暂地
17. respectn.& vt.尊敬;尊重→respectfuladj.表示敬意的;尊敬的→respectableadj.体面的;值得尊敬的
18. horribleadj.令人震惊的；恐怖的；极坏的→horriblyadv.可怕地
2 高频短语
1. dress （sb.） up穿上盛装;装扮
2. after all毕竟;别忘了
3. range from...to...包括从……到……之间
4. fade away逐渐消失;（身体）变得虚弱
5. in spite of不管;尽管
6. take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
7. have sth. in common（兴趣、想法等方面）相同;有相同的特征
8. to be frank坦白说;坦率地说
9. go off爆炸;走火;离开
10. except for除……之外
11. set off出发;动身;启程
3 经典句型
1. However, no matter how different they may seem（无论它们看起来可能多么迥异）, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.（no matter+疑问词）
2. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more（让人们更容易花更多的钱）on gifts for their loved ones.（make+it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语）
3. Burin told me that Mongolians travel every year from near and far to attend the festival, justas their ancestors had done for centuries（像他们的祖先数百年以来做的那样）.（as引导非限制性定语从句）
4. After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles（像鹰一样）.（as if引导方式状语从句）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Festivals1.are celebrated（celebrate） all around the world and they have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Of all the 2.traditional（tradition） festivals,the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. People celebrate 3.to show（show） that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. Customs play a4.significant （significance） role in festivals, 5.but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade 6.away and others may be established. Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage 7.of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps 8.have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts （让公众更容易花更多的钱买礼物） for their loved ones. Festivals reflect people’s wishes, 9.beliefs（believe）, faiths, and attitudes towards life. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot 10.in common after all.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. [2020浙江]However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. 展示
2. The police have absolute proof that he was the murderer.确凿的
3. Tennis is a religion in my family.特别的兴趣
词性变换
1. [2021全国甲]It doesn’t take a genius to know the answer: absolutely（absolute） not.
2. [2021北京]Recent research suggests that if an argument gets resolved，the emotional response tied to it is significantly（significant） reduced or almost completely erased．
3. After hearing the news that he was admitted to a key university, almost everyone in the village came to his home to express their congratulations（congratulate） to him.
4. On this specialoccasion, you may have an occasional chance to meet your favourite star like Chris Lee.（occasion）
5. These white buildings arereflected in the river and their reflections are very beautiful. （reflect）
6. After abrief pause, he began to end the meeting briefly with only a few words.（brief）
7. In such a cultural background, everyone is polite and respectable. That’s to say, everyonerespects each other.（respect）
8. He often says that he doesn’t believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others’ religious freedom.（religion）
短语串烧
Jack 1.dressed up（穿上盛装）, looking at the mirror, and then 2.set off（出发） for school to have classes. Suddenly, he felt 3.fading away（变得虚弱） as if he were badly sick. 4.In spite of（尽管）weakness, he still insisted on going to school. He thought that, 5.after all（毕竟）, there were fifty students 6.ranging from seven to fourteen years old（从七岁到十四岁之间）. They were unique but 7.had something in common（有一些共同之处）. 8.Apart from（除……之外） their study, he was in charge of their daily life. 9.To be frank（坦率地说）, he was very tired.
三、写作提能
假如你是一位英国人，你的中国笔友邀请你一起过春节，请你谈一下在笔友家里过春节的体验，要点如下：
1.春节是中国家庭团聚的特殊日子；
2.春节传统；
3.感悟。
I was pleased that one of my pen pals in China 1.invited me to spend the Spring Festival with her（邀请我和她一起过春节）. As is known to all, the Spring Festival in China is 2.a special occasion for Chinese families to get together（中国家庭团聚的一个特殊日子）. We visited some of her family and relatives, 3.which made us happy（这让我们很高兴）. Besides, we ate some traditional food, 4.watched the fireworks and participated in some other celebration activities（观看了烟花，并参加了一些其他庆祝活动）, such as the temple fair. Though I was a little tired, I felt 5.it was worth it （这是值得的）.
UNIT2 MORALS AND VIRTUES
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. illustratevt.（举例）说明;阐明;给（书或文章）加插图
2. complainvi.& vt.抱怨;发牢骚
3. hirevt.聘任;雇用;租用 n.租借；租用
4. publishvt.发表（作品）;出版
5. staffn.员工;全体职员
6. replacevt.接替；取代；更换
7. accidentn.事故;车祸;失事
8. whispervi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n.耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传
9. importn.进口;进口商品 vt.进口;输入;引进
10. exportn.出口;出口商品 vt.出口;输出;传播
11. bitevt.& vi.（bit, bitten）咬;叮;蜇 n.咬;（咬下的）一口;咬伤
12. memoryn.记忆力；回忆
13. chainn.一连串（人或事）；链子；链条
14. disguisevt.装扮；假扮；掩盖 n.伪装；化装用具
15. spillvt.& vi.（spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled）（使）洒出;（使）溢出
16. despairn.绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望
阅读词汇
1. moral adj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意
2. virtue n.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
3. dilemma n.进退两难的境地;困境
4. faint vi.昏倒；晕厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的
5. scholarship n.奖学金
6. physician n.医师;（尤指）内科医生
7. colleague n.同事;同僚
8. clinic n.诊所;门诊部
9. decade n.十年;十年期
10. kindergarten n.学前班；幼儿园
11. principle n.道德原则;法则;原则
12. insurance n.保险;保险业
13. pregnant adj.怀孕的；妊娠的
14. cart n.手推车；运货马车
拓展词汇
1. preciousadj.珍稀的;宝贵的→preciouslyadv.珍贵地
2. marriagen.结婚;婚姻→marryvi.& vt.（和某人）结婚;嫁;娶→marriedadj.已婚的;婚姻的
3. majorityn.大部分;大多数→majoradj.主要的 vi.主修 n.专业→minorityn.少数
4. respondvt.回答;回复 vi.做出反应;回应→responsen.反应;回答;回复
5. rejectvt.拒绝接受;不录用→rejectionn.拒绝接受;否决
6. appointvt.任命;委派→appointmentn.约定;任命
7. electvt.选举;推选→electionn.选举;推选;当选
8. tendvt.照顾;照料 vi.倾向;趋于→tendencyn.倾向;趋势
9. retirevi.& vt.退休;退职;退出→retirementn.退休;引退
10. scarevt.惊吓;使害怕 vi.受惊吓→scaredadj.害怕的;对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scaryadj.恐怖的;可怕的
11. sharpadj.（增长、下跌等）急剧的;锋利的;明显的→sharpenvi.& vt.（使）变得锋利;使尖锐→sharpenern.磨具;削具
12. energeticadj.精力充沛的;充满活力的→energyn.能量;精力
13. operationn.手术;企业;经营→operatev.操作;经营→operatorn.操作员;接线员
14. assistvt.帮助;援助→assistancen.帮助;协助→assistantn.助手;助理;售货员
15. memoryn.记忆力;回忆→memorialn.纪念碑;纪念品→memorizevt.记住;记忆
16. harmn.& vt.伤害;损害→harmfuladj.有害的→harmlessadj.无害的
17. flexibleadj.灵活的；可变通的→flexiblyadv.灵活地；易曲地；柔软地→flexibilityn.灵活性；柔韧性；适应性
2 高频短语
1. carry sb. through sth.帮助某人渡过难关
2. tend to do sth.易于做某事;往往会发生某事
3. pass away去世
4. in memory of作为对……的纪念
5. trip over被……绊倒
6. in tears流着泪;含着泪
7. in despair处于绝望中
8. a great deal （of）大量
3 经典句型
1. To a personnothing is more precious than their life（生命是最宝贵的）, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust...（“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义）
2. She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired（有史以来第一个被聘用的女性） as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.（不定式作定语）
3. The new People’s Republic of China saw（见证）Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.（动词拟人化）
4. After a while, a group of women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head（每人头上顶着一坛水）. （独立主格结构）
5. If not（如果不），we surely must find the owner， for he will certainly miss it.（if省略句）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或给出括号内单词的正确形式。
When she was five years old， Lin Qiaozhi was deeply 1.affected（affect） by her mother’s death. At age 18， she chose to study medicine unlike the 2.majority（major） of girls. Eight years later， Lin graduated 3.from Peking Union Medical College and immediately became the first woman ever 4.to be hired（hire） as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. In 1941， the department was closed because of the war. 5.Thinking（think） of all the people still in need of help， Dr Lin 6.opened（open） a private clinic. She charged very low 7.fees（fee） to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients. In 1954, she was selected to the first National People’s Congress and, over the next several 8.decades（decade）, she held many important positions. Dr Lin did not retire 9.till/untilthe day she died, 22 April 1983. Since she had no children of her own, she left her 10.savings（save） to a kindergarten and a fund for new doctors.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. A writer with great scholarship can achieve great success.学问,学识;学术成就
2. I felt a sharp pain in my stomach.剧烈的，猛烈的
3. As we all know, his lawyer’s a sharp operator.狡猾的
词性变换
1. The idea of having to sell their home and move into a retirement（retire）home was an extremely painful experience for them.
2. All in all, a world full of gratitude is preciously（precious） expected for thousands of years.
3. One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.（majority）
4. He wasappointed as manager of the company. But to everyone’s surprise, he didn’t accept the appointment.（appoint）
5. He won the election and was elected president of the country.（elect）
6. The stormtends to hit our city, and we will observe the tendency of it closely.（tend）
7. It was a scary story and children were scared after they heard it.（scare）
8. The boy’s pencil isn’t sharpo, so he sharpens it with his pencil sharpener.（sharp）
短语串烧
Yesterday, Jack’s grandfather was 1.tripped over（被……绊倒）, which 2.tends to（往往会）happen to the old. His whole family were in tears and 3.in despair（处于绝望中） because they were unable to give first aid. They were in need of help. Unfortunately, the old man 4.passed away（去世）. He was a man who 5.carried his family through（帮助他的家庭渡过） a lot of difficulties. They built a tombstone 6.in memory of（作为对……的纪念）him.
二、话题重现
Nowadays, people sometimes meet with various dilemmas in life. Sometimes they are connected with moral ones. For example, if you see an old lady faint in the street, what will you do Though it is 1.a precious virtue to help others, a majority of people will be worried when they have to carry others 2.through the trouble. Some tend 3.to refuse （refuse） to offer a hand in the situation where others may entrust their life to them.
To illustrate this kind of dilemma, let’s look at another example. When COVID-19 broke out, many resident 4.physicians （physician） were facing a choice: will they go to Wuhan to help treat the patients even if this means that they may be in danger 5.Fortunately （fortunate）, many physicians from different provinces, some even from faraway Xinjiang or Heilongjiang, came to assist in the operations or tend the 6.scared （scare） patients carefully—whether he/she is a chairman of a company or a pregnant waitress in a cafe or a retired worker in a factory. They often worked far into the night, but they plained （complain）. Instead, they responded to any emergency energetically by providing medical care. These volunteer doctors and nurses devoted 8.themselves （they） to the fight against the pandemic per day, doing any task appointed to them and 9.caring （care） nothing about their income and honor.
Therefore, there is no doubt 10.that they made a right choice while facing a moral dilemma.
三、写作提能
请根据下面提示，向《21世纪英文报》投稿。请介绍一下你最喜欢的一位老师的情况：
1.邱老师善良且精力充沛；
2.他经常告诉我们善良是最宝贵的美德；
3.乐于助人，努力工作，成绩显著。
One of my favourite teachers is Mr. Qiu， 1.who is so kind and energetic （他非常善良且精力充沛）. He often tells us that 2.kindness is the most precious virtue（善良是最宝贵的美德）. We can’t agree with him more. He is 3.the first to assist the homeless dogs（第一个帮助流浪狗的人） in our neighborhood. He not only helps others, 4.if necessary（如果必要的话）, but also works hard. He has tried his best to 5.carry us through so many difficulties（帮助我们渡过了很多难关）that we think we couldn’t do better without his help.
UNIT3 DIVERSE CULTURES
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. occurvi.发生；出现
2. downtownadv.在市中心；往市中心
3. seekvt.& vi.寻找;寻求;争取;（向人）请求
4. earnvt.& vi.挣得;赚得;赢得;博得
5. claimvt.& n.夺取（生命）;宣称;断言
6. seriesn.一系列;连续;接连
7. escapevi.& vt.逃走；逃脱；避开 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱
8. financialadj.财政的;财务的;金融的
9. foldvt.包；裹；折叠 vt.& vi.（可）折小；（可）叠平
10. superadv.特别;格外 adj.顶好的；超级的
11. percentagen.百分率;百分比
12. climaten.气候
13. materialn.材料；布料；素材 adj.物质的；实际的
14. itemn.项目;一件商品（或物品）;一条（新闻）
15. neatadj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的
阅读词汇
1. chip n.（英）炸土豆条；（美）炸薯片；芯片；碎片
2. cheese n.干酪；奶酪
3. spicy adj.加有香料的；辛辣的
4. ethnic adj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的
5. mission n.传教（区）;重要任务;使命
6. district n.地区；区域
7. graffiti n.[pl.]涂鸦;胡写乱画
8. comic n.连环画杂志;漫画杂志喜剧演员adj.滑稽的;使人发笑的
9. china n.瓷；瓷器
10. diagram n.简图；图解；图表；示意图
11. jeans n.牛仔裤
12. boot n.靴子
13. mushroom n.蘑菇；蕈
14. souvenir n.纪念物;纪念品
15. mild adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的
拓展词汇
1. diverseadj.不同的;多种多样的→diversityn.多样性;差异（性）;不同（点）
2. fortunen.机会;运气→fortunateadj.幸运的;运气好的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→unfortunatelyadv.不幸地
3. admitvi.& vt.承认vt.准许进入（或加入）→admissionn.承认;入场费;进入许可
4. definitelyadv.肯定;确实→definiteadj.明确的;确定的→definitionn.释义;定义
5. historicaladj.（有关）历史的→historicadj.有历史意义的;历史上著名的
6. immigrantn.（外来）移民;外侨→immigratev.移居入境→immigrationn.移民入境;移居
7. selectvt.选择;挑选;选拔→selectionn.选择;挑选;选拔→selectedadj.精选的
8. minorityn.少数民族;少数派;少数人→minoradj.较小的;次要的
9. poetryn.诗集;诗歌;诗作→poetn.诗人→poemn.诗;韵文
10. poisonousadj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的→poisonn.毒物;毒药;毒素 vt.毒死;毒害
11. collectionn.作品集;收集物;收藏品→collectvt.收集;采集
12. settlevt.& vi.定居;结束（争论）;解决（纠纷）→settlementn.移民;定居点→settlern.移民;殖民者→settledadj.固定的;不变的
13. constructionn.建筑;建造;建造物;（句子、短语等的）结构→constructv.建造,修建
14. suitvt.适合;满足……需要;相配;合身 n.西服;套装→suitableadj.适当的;相配的
15. containvt.包含;含有;容纳→containern.集装箱;容器
2 高频短语
1. head to（朝……）前进;（向……）去
2. seek one’s fortune寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
3. earn a living谋生
4. series of一系列或一连串（事件）
5. apart from除了……外（还）;此外
6. bring about导致;引起
7. to name but a few仅举几例
8. （at） first hand第一手;亲自
3 经典句型
1. It is likely that（很可能）Native Americans moved to California at least fifteen thousand years ago.（It is likely that...）
2. I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again（再次回到这座城市确实感觉很好）.（it作形式主语）
3. This district used to be a poor area of town（这个区过去是城里的一个贫困区域）, but is now a centre for art, music, and food.（used to do）
4. The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently（他们中很多人英语说得并不流利）.（“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句）
5. It has a long and famous history, with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there（作家罗伯特·路易斯·斯蒂文森曾长居于此进行创作）.（with复合结构）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Today, I have arrived back in San Francisco, and 1.it feels good to be back in the city again. The city succeeded in rebuilding 2.itself（it） after the earthquake that 3.occurred（occur） in 1906. In the afternoon, I headed 4.to a local museum which showed the 5.historical（historic） changes in California. During the gold rush, many Chinese arrived, and some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown to 6.earn a living （谋生）. Many others worked on farms, joined the gold rush, or 7.went（go） to build the railway that connected California to the east. The museum showed us how America was built by 8.immigrants（immigrant） from 9.different（difference） countries and cultures. In the evening, I went to Chinatown, and ate in a Cantonese restaurant that served food on 10.beautiful（beauty） china plates. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to a jazz bar in the Richmond District.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. [2019课标全国Ⅱ]A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder.解脱
2. Poor health may be a bar to success in life. 障碍
3. She was unable to contain her excitement. 抑制
词性变换
1. [2021浙江]Unfortunately（unfortunate） we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides, but I was determined to prove my point.
2. As the story unfolded（unfold）, the heroine’s inner feeling was complicated, which makes us fail to catch her emotion well.
3. [2020天津]For people who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely（definite） making noise.
4. Tom applied foradmission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn’t admitted into it at last.（admit）
5. People from diverse cultures hold different understandings of the play and this diversity of opinions makes it hard to reach an agreement at the meeting.（diverse）
6. Last year Tom went to Shanghai to try hisfortune. Fortunately, he met his girlfriend and got married there.（fortune）
7. It’s reported that the coach willselect twelve basketball players to take part in the sports meeting. The final selection will be made tomorrow.（select）
8. An official was sent tosettle the problem but different opinions of two sides destroyed all the hopes of a peaceful settlement.（settle）
9. The workers are constructing the bridge damaged by the flood, and the bridge under construction connects the road with the town.（construct）
短语串烧
Jack was 1.heading to（朝……前进） the big city after he left his hometown to 2.seek his fortune（闯世界）. In order to 3.earn a living（谋生） and make his family live a happy life, he had to do varieties of things 4.at first hand（亲自）. However, he was very weak and suffered a lot. 5.Apart from[除……之外（还）] 6.a series of（一连串）health problems, 7.to name but a few（仅举几例）, headaches, stomach aches and broken legs, he met many other difficulties which 8.brought about（导致） his failure again and again.
二、话题重现
Many foreigners have to admit that Chinese food isn’t simply a meal. It’s sometimes 1.a unique experience. Failing to select the right food and struggling with chopsticks 2.are（be） only parts of the adventure every time I sit down in a restaurant.
Here, I want to name but a few. In one 3.definitely（definite） historical Sichuan restaurant, it took 3 waiters and 15 minutes for us to order only four drinks. I simply wanted water, 4.but my dad wanted to try the fresh juice they listed on the menu. There were two problems, however. The menu contained neither diagrams nor English. After several hand gestures, we ended 5.ordering（order） just a Coca-Cola.
Afterwards, we headed to xiabu xiabu, a very famous hotpot chain. As soon as we walked in, the entire people in the restaurant seemed to stare at us and I wanted 6.to escape（escape） from it. Fortunately, the waitress was very patient and mild. Apart 7.from the waitress, the boss also gave us our food at first hand. Although it was not the best food that suited me in Beijing, it was certainly entertaining to drop things into the boiling pot of soup.
No matter how many difficulties we have met regarding food, our 8.experiences（experience） bring about the best stories to tell. The servers always greet us with a big smile even when they realize they have to clean up the noodles 9.slipped（slip） through our clumsy way of using chopsticks.
三、写作提能
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom要来中国旅游，写信向你询问景点事宜，请你根据下面的要点给他回信，介绍一下中国重庆的情况，要点如下：
1.重庆的地理位置；
2.历史、文化；
3.推荐旅游。
Dear Tom,
Learning that you are going to travel in China, I’d like to recommend Chongqing to you.
Chongqing 1.lies in the southwest of China（位于中国的西南部）. 2.It is known that （众所周知）it is called “the City of Hills” situated along a hilly landscape. Chongqing 3.has not only famous Chinese culture but also a long history of more than 3,000 years（不仅有著名的中国文化，而且有3,000多年的悠久历史）. There are many places of interest, attracting visitors from all over the world. And 4.there are a variety of special snacks for people to choose from （这里有各种各样的特色小吃供人们选择）. In addition, the mild climate of Chongqing makes it a suitable place to live in. Chongqing is worth paying a visit to!
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
UNIT4 SPACE EXPLORATION
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. astronautn.宇航员;太空人
2. satelliten.人造卫星;卫星
3. launchvt.& n.发射;发起;上市
4. orbitn.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道;势力范围 vt.& vi.沿轨道运行;环绕……运行
5. desiren.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望
6. signalvt.& vi.标志着;标明;发信号 n.信号;标志
7. recyclevt.回收利用;再利用
8. lackn.缺乏;短缺 vt.没有;缺乏
9. otherwiseadv.否则;要不然
10. beyond prep.在更远处;超出
11. sufficientadj.足够的;充足的
12. keenadj.热衷的;渴望的
13. shallowadj.肤浅的;浅的
14. monitorn.监视器;监测仪 vt.监视;监测;监控
15. resourcen.资源;财力;物力
16. attachvt.系;绑;贴
阅读词汇
1. giant adj.巨大的;伟大的n.巨人;巨兽;伟人
2. leap n.跳跃;剧增;剧变vi.& vt.跳过;跃过
3. mankind n.人类
4. data n.[pl.]资料;数据
5. spacecraft n.航天器;宇宙飞船
6. float vi.浮动;漂流;漂浮vt.使浮动;使漂流
7. solar adj.太阳的;太阳能的
8. soap n.肥皂
9. microwave n.微波炉
10. tissue n.纸巾;（人、动植物细胞的）组织
11. facility n.设施;设备
12. fatal adj.致命的;灾难性的
13. pillow n.枕头
14. smartphone n.智能手机
拓展词汇
1. mentaladj.精神的;思想的→mentallyadv.精神上;思想上
2. intelligentadj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的→intelligencen.智力;智慧
3. universen.宇宙;天地万物→universaladj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的→universallyadv.全体地,一致地
4. determinevt.查明;确定;决定→determinedadj.有决心的;意志坚定的→determinationn.决心;果断;坚定
5. agencyn.（政府的）专门机构;服务机构;代理处→agentn.代理人;代理商;经纪人
6. transmitvt.& vi.传输;发送→transmissionn.传送;传递
7. disappointvt.使失望;使落空;使破灭→disappointedadj.失望的;沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的;令人沮丧的→disappointmentn.失望;扫兴;令人失望的人或事
8. independentadj.独立的;自立的→independentlyadv.独立地;自立地→independencen.独立
9. currentadj.当前的;现在的 n.水流;电流;思潮→currencyn.通货;货币;流行→currentlyadv.当前;目前
10. globen.地球;世界;地球仪→globaladj.全球的;全世界的→globallyadv.全球地
11. arguevt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论→argumentn.争论;争吵;论点
12. analysevt.分析→analysisn.（对事物的）分析;分析结果
13. regularadj.定期的;经常的;正常的→regularlyadv.经常;定期地
14. limitn.限制 vt.限制;限定→limitedadj.有限的→limitlessadj.无限制的;无界限的;无限度的;无止境的→limitlesslyadv.无限地
15. mysteryn.神秘事物;谜→mysteriousadj.神秘的
2 高频短语
1. carry on继续做,坚持干
2. on board在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上
3. in the hope of doing sth.抱着……的希望
4. so as to/in order to（do sth.）为了;以便
5. figure out弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白
6. result in导致;造成
7. as a result所以;结果（是）
8. provide for sb.提供生活所需
9. in closing最后
10. run out用完;耗尽
3 经典句型
1. Looking up at the stars（仰望星空），people have always wanted to learn more about space，and scientists work hard to find answers.（现在分词短语作状语）
2. ... and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person（第一个人） in the world to go into space（进入太空）.（the+序数词+名词+不定式）
3. This is because（这是因为） people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.（This is because...）
4. Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only（不但） enable us to understand how the universe began，but also（而且） help us survive well into the future.（not only... but also...）
5. In closing,exploring space（探索太空）provides the world with many different benefits.（动名词短语作主语）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Mankind is exploring space in the hope of 1.finding（find） out more secrets of the universe. Exploring space is both dangerous 2.and challenging, but the desire 3.to explore（explore） the universe has never died.
On 4 October 1957,the Sputnik 1 satellite 4.was launched（launch） by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards,Yuri Gagarin became the first person 5.to go（go）into space in the world. On 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, 6.famously（famous） saying,“That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.”
China has made great progress in exploring space in a short time. In 2003, it successfully sent Yang Liwei into space who orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, 7.becoming（become） the third country in the world to 8.independently（independent） send humans into space.
People will continue to explore this final frontier, and this is because they believe in the importance of 9.carrying on（继续做，坚持干） space exploration 10.despite the huge risks.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. [2020课标全国Ⅲ]“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. 提出；提请考虑
2. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. 监控；监视
3. We must make the most efficient use of the available financial resources. 财力
4. The new model will be launched in July. （首次）上市
词性变换
1. [2021北京]Resolving arguments（argue） can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry.
2. Those who had held mentally（mental） stimulating（刺激）, demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.
3. [2020天津改编]I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent（intelligence）as well.
4. We are determined（determine） to get the work done before New Year’s Day.
5. They were bitterly disappointed（disappoint） at the result of the game.
6. We aim to help disabled students to live and study independently（independent）.
7. Phytoplankton have been used to control global（globe） climate.
8. We should make a concrete analysis（analyse）of each specific question.
9. They displayed only a part of their products because the space was limited（limit）.
10. He began to feel sympathy for this slightly mysterious（mystery） man.
短语串烧
Although the International Space Station has a long history, astronauts 1.carry on （继续做） the spacecraft in order to do well in space research 2.on board （在飞船上）. They are always 3.in the hope of（抱着……的希望）exploring the secrets of space, trying to 4.figure out （弄明白）whether human beings can survive in space for a long time. However, the space station lacks necessary maintenance. As a result, it is easy to 5.result in （导致）some accidents. In addition, the ground has been difficult to 6.provide for（提供生活所需）astronauts.7.In closing（最后）, when life and other items 8.run out （耗尽）, it will be closed.
二、话题重现
Three Chinese astronauts1.recently（recent） arrived at the country’s new space station in another step forward for the growing space power. The three-member crew will stay for three months in the station’s main living space,2.called（call） a module.
The module is named Tianhe, 3.whichmeans “Harmony of the Heavens” in Chinese. The astronauts will carry out scientific experiments and perform maintenance. They also plan to complete spacewalks and prepare the station to receive two other modules next year.
So far, China4.has sent（send） 14 astronauts into space since its first launch in 2003. It is the5.third（three）country after Russia and the United States to do so.
As its economy experienced6.growth（grow）in the 1990s, China made a plan for space exploration. Since then, it has attempted7.to carry（carry）out this plan carefully.
China was banned from joining the ISS. It’s likely, however,8.thatChina would have built its own station anyway because9.ofits goal to become a major space power.
China’s space program has been a larger part of its national pride. It represents the country’s rise from a poor nation to10.becoming（become）the world’s second-largest economy in the last 40 years.
三、写作提能
你校校报计划增设一期英语专栏，介绍太空探索的内容。请根据下面要点，介绍一下人类对宇宙的探索。要点如下：
1.人类渴望探索宇宙；
2.发射了很多卫星；派出宇航员进入太空；在宇宙飞船上进行科学实验；
3.重视宇宙的探索，搞清楚未知的问题。
Mankind desires to explore the universe in the hope of knowing more about it. As a result, 1.many satellites have been launched（许多卫星已经发射）, orbiting around the earth. Astronauts have been sent to space by spacecraft and 2.carry on spacewalks（进行太空行走）. They do scientific experiments on board, collecting sufficient data. Meanwhile, 3.some analyses can be transmitted to the earth（一些分析可以传送到地球）. However, as a result of/because of limited resources, 4.there are still many mysteries in the universe（宇宙中仍有许多奥秘）. In closing, 5.people should attach importance to the exploration of space to figure out unknown problems（人们应该重视对太空的探索，搞清楚未知的问题）.
UNIT5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. plasticn.塑料 adj.塑料制的;塑料的
2. scenen.（戏剧或歌剧的）场;现场;场面
3. betn.打赌;赌注 vi.& vt.下赌注;用……打赌 vt.敢说
4. spotvt.看见;注意到;发现 n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
5. darevi.& modal v.胆敢;敢于
6. sortn.种类;类别
7. beneathadv.& prep.在（或往）……下面;在……的表面之下
8. postponevt.延迟;延期;延缓
9. nowhereadv.无处;哪里都不
10. extentn.程度;限度;大小;范围
11. hugvt.& vi.拥抱;抱紧
12. pursuevt.追求;致力于
13. dutyn.责任;义务;职责;值班
14. eventuallyadv.最后;终于
15. mannern.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
16. indeedadv.其实;实际上;当然;确实
17. maintainvt.维持;保持;维修;保养
18. sayingn.谚语;格言;警句
阅读词汇
1. loan n.贷款;借款
2. narrator n.（书、戏剧或电影中的）叙述者;讲述者;（电视节目中的）幕后解说员
3. consulate n.领事馆
4. mining n.采矿;采矿业
5. obligation n.义务;职责;责任
6. opera n.歌剧
7. dinosaur n.恐龙
8. sequence vt.按顺序排列n.顺序;一系列
9. tailor n.（男装）裁缝vt.专门制作;定做
10. downstairs adv.顺楼梯而下;在楼下;往楼下
11. frown n.& vi.皱眉
12. element n.要素;基本部分
13. ambassador n.大使;使节;代表
14. upper adj.上面的;上层的;靠上部的
15. external adj.外部的;外面的;外来的
拓展词汇
1. basisn.基础;根据;基点→basicadj.基本的;基础的→basen.根基,基地
2. apologisevi.道歉;谢罪→apologyn.道歉
3. ignorevt.忽视;对……不予理会→ignorantadj.无知的;不了解的→ignorancen.无知
4. judgevt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员→judgementn.看法;评价;判断力
5. servantn.仆人;用人→servevt.（给某人）提供;端上→servern.侍者→servicen.服务
6. sailvi.& vt.（船）航行;（人）乘船航行→sailorn.水手;海员→sailingn.航行;帆船运动
7. patiencen.耐心;忍耐力;毅力→patientadj.能忍耐的,有耐心的→patientlyadv.忍耐地;有耐心地
8. indicatevt.& vi.表明;显示 vt.象征;暗示→indicationn.表明,标示
9. oddadj.奇怪的;怪异的;反常的→oddlyadv.令人奇怪地,怪异地→oddnessn.奇怪;奇妙
10. intendv.想要,打算→intentionn.打算;计划;意图;目的→intentionaladj.故意的
11. musicn.音乐,乐曲→musicaln.音乐剧 adj.音乐的→musiciann.音乐家
12. hesitatevi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑→hesitationn.犹豫;迟疑
13. optionn.可选择的事物;选择;选择权→optionaladj.可选择的;选修的
14. broadadj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的→broadenv.变宽;（使）扩大影响;增长（经验、知识等）
15. normaladj.典型的;正常的;一般的;精神正常的 n.常态;通常标准;一般水平→normallyadv.正常地→abnormaladj.不正常的;反常的
16. permitvt.& vi.允许;准许;使有可能→permissionn.准许;许可;批准;许可证
2 高频短语
1. on the basis of在某事的基础上;根据某事
2. take out a loan取得贷款
3. in return作为回报;作为回应
4. make a bet打个赌
5. as a matter of fact事实上;其实;说真的
6. by accident偶然地;意外地
7. to be honest说实话;坦率地说
8. ought to应该;应当
9. be about to do sth.即将或正要（做某事）
10. in case以防;以防万一
11. to... extent到……程度;在……程度上
12. on duty值班;值勤
13. in a... manner以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
14. in that case既然那样;假使那样的话
15. be willing to do sth.愿意或乐意做某事
3 经典句型
1. About a month ago, I was sailing, and towards night I found myself carried out（被带到） to sea by a strong wind.（find+宾语+宾语补足语）
2. And it was the ship that（是那艘船）brought you to England.（强调句）
3. Henry is walking along the street holding the bank note（拿着钞票） in his hand.（现在分词作伴随状语）
4. Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, as if looking at（正在看着） something he can’t believe is there.（状语从句的省略）
5. I remember thinking that never would（永远不会） I hold such a note as this...（部分倒装）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或给出括号内单词的正确形式。
The story was set in London. Henry,1. American, was carried out to sea 2. accident while 3. （sail）. It was the ship 4. brought him to England. So he was walking in London streets, 5. （hunger）. When he was penniless and desperate, he 6. （spot） by two rich brothers, who invited him to step into their house. As a matter of fact, the two brothers 7. （make） a bet. One of the brothers believes that with a million-pound bank note a man could live a month in London, 8. the other doubts it. So they gave Henry a letter and asked him to promise 9. （postpone） opening it until 2 o’clock. Henry didn’t hesitate 10. （accept） it at that time.
1. an
2. by
3. sailing
4. that
5. hungry
6. was spotted
7. have made
8. while
9. to postpone
10. to accept
一、词汇训练
1. If you don’t sit down and stop making a scene, I’m leaving. （尤指当众、有失体面的）争吵，吵闹
2. I indicated that his help was not welcome. 暗示;间接提及;示意
3. I bet he’ll spend all his money in a few days because the money is burning a hole in his pocket. 敢说
4. People who commit such crimes aren’t normal.精神正常的词性变换
1. [2020浙江]The police arrived and the motorway ran normally（normal） again.
2. Some videos have been banned on thebasis（base） that they are too violent.
3. The coach made a publicapology（apologize） for the team’s performance.
4. At that time I wasignorant（ignore） of events going on elsewhere.
5. She showed a lack ofjudgement（judge） when she gave Mark the job.
6. Teaching children with special needs requirespatience（patient） and understanding.
7. She had a firm intention（intend）within herself to be the best she could be.
8. Learning amusical（music） instrument introduces a child to an understanding of music.
9. Withouthesitation（hesitate）, she leapt into the water and saved the drowning child.
10. Spending a year working in the city helped tobroaden（broad） his horizons.
短语串烧
Before graduating from senior high school, 1.on the basis of（在……的基础上）the teacher’s help, I studied hard and finally I was admitted to a key university. 2.In return （作为回报）, I made a special trip to the teacher’s to express my gratitude. Due to the poor economic conditions of my family, I 3.took out an education loan （取得教育贷款） and was able to go to university for further study. I 4.made a bet （打赌）I wanted to repay the society with excellent results. 5.As a matter of fact （事实上）, I did. However, 6.by accident （意外地）, my mother fell ill, and the only income in the family was used to treat my mother. 7.To be honest （坦率地说）, at that time, I was faced with the dilemma of continuing to go to school or dropping out of school to work to earn money. When I 8.was about to （正要去）go through the dropout procedures, the teachers and students who heard about my family found me. They took out their own money and asked me to treat my mother first 9.in case（以防） I dropped out of school. I was deeply moved. 10.To some extent（在某种程度上）, I decided to study harder to repay their expectations of me.
二、话题重现
Though Bacon said that money is a good servant and a bad master, nowadays people usually judge 1.whethera person is successful on the basis of how much money he or she2.owns （own）. Who doesn’t have an intention of becoming as rich as Jack Ma As a matter of fact, in China, most young people have no3.patience （patient） to do things well but they dream of being rich4.instantly （instant）. To some, their desire for money grows to such a strong extent5.that it is not odd at all if you find a young person takes out 6.a loan to buy a brand-name bag because it indicates that he or she has more money than other people. Sometimes if they help others 7.by accident, they expect to get money in return, 8.ignoring （ignore） the fact that it is a virtue to offer a hand to those in trouble.
To be honest, this kind of culture that focuses on money is really9.harmful （harm） to all of us. Since it is spread in a quick manner, we ought to take action right now to get rid of the idea that money is everything. Though, nowhere in the world can we be permitted10.to take （take） things away if we don’t pay for it, it is you that have an option in your life as to how to deal with money.
三、写作提能
你阅读完了马克·吐温的著名小说《百万英镑》后，请根据下面要点，写一篇英语故事简介。要点如下：1.作者为马克·吐温；2.故事发生的经过、结局；3.评价。
The Million Pound Bank Note is a famous novel written by Mark Twain, 1.whose plot is very attractive（它的情节非常吸引人）.
Sailing home, Henry, an American businessman, 2.found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind（发现自己被大风吹到了海里）. He was just about to give up 3.when he was spotted by a ship（这时他被一艘船发现）and he landed in London by accident. Two wealthy brothers, 4.who had made a bet（他们两个人打了个赌）,were willing to lend him a million-pound bank note with the intention of seeing his outcome. Eventually, 5.Henry became a millionaire（亨利成了百万富翁）. What’s more, he even won the love of a pretty lady.
The novel is considered as one of the famous works of Mark Twain. It is very popular with teenagers throughout the world.B3U5 THE VALUE OF MONEY
1 分层单词 写作词汇
2.___________n.（戏剧或歌剧的）场;现场;场面
3. ___________n.打赌;赌注 vi.& vt.下赌注;用……打赌 vt.敢说
4. ___________vt.看见;注意到;发现 n.地点;处所;斑点;污迹
5. ___________vi.& modal v.胆敢;敢于 6. ___________n.种类;类别
8. ___________vt.延迟;延期;延缓 10. ___________n.程度;限度;大小;范围
11. ___________vt.& vi.拥抱;抱紧 12. ___________vt.追求;致力于
13. ___________n.责任;义务;职责;值班
14. ___________adv.最后;终于
15. ___________n.举止;行为方式;方法;[pl.]礼貌;礼仪
16. ___________adv.其实;实际上;当然;确实
17. ___________vt.维持;保持;维修;保养
18. ___________n.谚语;格言;警句
阅读词汇
1. loan n.___________ 2. narrator n.___________
3. consulate n.___________ 4. mining n.___________
5. obligation n.___________ 6. opera n.___________
7. dinosaur n.___________ 8. sequence vt.___________
9. tailor n.___________vt.___________ 10. downstairs adv.___________
11. frown n.& vi.___________ 12. element n.___________
13. ambassador n.___________ 14. upper adj.___________ 15. external adj.___________
拓展词汇
1. ___________n.基础;根据;基点→___________adj.基本的;基础的→___________n.根基,基地
2. ___________vi.道歉;谢罪→___________n.道歉
3. ___________vt.忽视;对……不予理会→ignorantadj.无知的;不了解的→ignorancen.无知
4. judgevt.& vi.评价;评判;判断 n.法官;审判员;裁判员→judgementn.看法;评价;判断力
5. patiencen.耐心;忍耐力;毅力→patientadj.能忍耐的,有耐心的→patientlyadv.忍耐地;有耐心地
6. indicatevt.& vi.表明;显示 vt.象征;暗示→indicationn.表明,标示
7. intendv.想要,打算→intentionn.打算;计划;意图;目的→intentionaladj.故意的
8. hesitatevi.犹豫;迟疑;顾虑→hesitationn.犹豫;迟疑
9. optionn.可选择的事物;选择;选择权→optionaladj.可选择的;选修的
10. broadadj.宽阔的;广阔的;广泛的→broadenv.变宽;（使）扩大影响;增长（经验、知识等）
11. normaladj.典型的;正常的;一般的;精神正常的 n.常态;通常标准;一般水平→normallyadv.正常地→abnormaladj.不正常的;反常的
12. permitvt.& vi.允许;准许;使有可能→permissionn.准许;许可;批准;许可证
2 高频短语
1. on the basis of在某事的基础上;根据某事
2. take out a loan取得贷款
3. in return作为回报;作为回应
4. make a bet打个赌
5. as a matter of fact事实上;其实;说真的
6. by accident偶然地;意外地
7. to be honest说实话;坦率地说
8. ought to应该;应当
9. be about to do sth.即将或正要（做某事）
10. in case以防;以防万一
11. to... extent到……程度;在……程度上
12. on duty值班;值勤
13. in a... manner以一种……的方式;带着一副……的样子
14. in that case既然那样;假使那样的话
15. be willing to do sth.愿意或乐意做某事
3 经典句型
1. About a month ago, I was sailing, and towards night I found myself carried out（被带到） to sea by a strong wind.（find+宾语+宾语补足语）
2. And it was the ship that（是那艘船）brought you to England.（强调句）
3. Henry is walking along the street holding the bank note（拿着钞票） in his hand.（现在分词作伴随状语）
4. Then he folds the bill and slowly unfolds it again, as if looking at（正在看着） something he can’t believe is there.（状语从句的省略）
5. I remember thinking that never would（永远不会） I hold such a note as this...（部分倒装）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或给出括号内单词的正确形式。
The story was set in London. Henry,1. American, was carried out to sea 2. accident while 3. （sail）. It was the ship 4. brought him to England. So he was walking in London streets, 5. （hunger）. When he was penniless and desperate, he 6. （spot） by two rich brothers, who invited him to step into their house. As a matter of fact, the two brothers 7. （make） a bet. One of the brothers believes that with a million-pound bank note a man could live a month in London, 8. the other doubts it. So they gave Henry a letter and asked him to promise 9. （postpone） opening it until 2 o’clock. Henry didn’t hesitate 10. （accept） it at that time.
一、词汇训练
1. If you don’t sit down and stop making a scene, I’m leaving. （尤指当众、有失体面的）争吵，吵闹
2. I indicated that his help was not welcome. 暗示;间接提及;示意
3. I bet he’ll spend all his money in a few days because the money is burning a hole in his pocket. 敢说
4. People who commit such crimes aren’t normal.精神正常的词性变换
1. [2020浙江]The police arrived and the motorway ran normally（normal） again.
2. Some videos have been banned on thebasis（base） that they are too violent.
3. The coach made a publicapology（apologize） for the team’s performance.
4. At that time I wasignorant（ignore） of events going on elsewhere.
5. She showed a lack ofjudgement（judge） when she gave Mark the job.
6. Teaching children with special needs requirespatience（patient） and understanding.
7. She had a firm intention（intend）within herself to be the best she could be.
8. Learning amusical（music） instrument introduces a child to an understanding of music.
9. Withouthesitation（hesitate）, she leapt into the water and saved the drowning child.
10. Spending a year working in the city helped tobroaden（broad） his horizons.
短语串烧
Before graduating from senior high school, 1.on the basis of（在……的基础上）the teacher’s help, I studied hard and finally I was admitted to a key university. 2.In return （作为回报）, I made a special trip to the teacher’s to express my gratitude. Due to the poor economic conditions of my family, I 3.took out an education loan （取得教育贷款） and was able to go to university for further study. I 4.made a bet （打赌）I wanted to repay the society with excellent results. 5.As a matter of fact （事实上）, I did. However, 6.by accident （意外地）, my mother fell ill, and the only income in the family was used to treat my mother. 7.To be honest （坦率地说）, at that time, I was faced with the dilemma of continuing to go to school or dropping out of school to work to earn money. When I 8.was about to （正要去）go through the dropout procedures, the teachers and students who heard about my family found me. They took out their own money and asked me to treat my mother first 9.in case（以防） I dropped out of school. I was deeply moved. 10.To some extent（在某种程度上）, I decided to study harder to repay their expectations of me.
二、话题重现
Though Bacon said that money is a good servant and a bad master, nowadays people usually judge 1.whethera person is successful on the basis of how much money he or she2.owns （own）. Who doesn’t have an intention of becoming as rich as Jack Ma As a matter of fact, in China, most young people have no3.patience （patient） to do things well but they dream of being rich4.instantly （instant）. To some, their desire for money grows to such a strong extent5.that it is not odd at all if you find a young person takes out 6.a loan to buy a brand-name bag because it indicates that he or she has more money than other people. Sometimes if they help others 7.by accident, they expect to get money in return, 8.ignoring （ignore） the fact that it is a virtue to offer a hand to those in trouble.
To be honest, this kind of culture that focuses on money is really9.harmful （harm） to all of us. Since it is spread in a quick manner, we ought to take action right now to get rid of the idea that money is everything. Though, nowhere in the world can we be permitted10.to take （take） things away if we don’t pay for it, it is you that have an option in your life as to how to deal with money.
三、写作提能
你阅读完了马克·吐温的著名小说《百万英镑》后，请根据下面要点，写一篇英语故事简介。要点如下：1.作者为马克·吐温；2.故事发生的经过、结局；3.评价。
The Million Pound Bank Note is a famous novel written by Mark Twain, 1.whose plot is very attractive（它的情节非常吸引人）.
Sailing home, Henry, an American businessman, 2.found himself carried out to sea by a strong wind（发现自己被大风吹到了海里）. He was just about to give up 3.when he was spotted by a ship（这时他被一艘船发现）and he landed in London by accident. Two wealthy brothers, 4.who had made a bet（他们两个人打了个赌）,were willing to lend him a million-pound bank note with the intention of seeing his outcome. Eventually, 5.Henry became a millionaire（亨利成了百万富翁）. What’s more, he even won the love of a pretty lady.
The novel is considered as one of the famous works of Mark Twain. It is very popular with teenagers throughout the world.B3U4 SPACE EXPLORATION
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. astronautn.宇航员;太空人 2. satelliten.人造卫星;卫星
3. launchvt.& n.发射;发起;上市
4. orbitn.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道;势力范围 vt.& vi.沿轨道运行;环绕……运行
5. desiren.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望
6. signalvt.& vi.标志着;标明;发信号 n.信号;标志
7. recyclevt.回收利用;再利用 8. lackn.缺乏;短缺 vt.没有;缺乏
9. otherwiseadv.否则;要不然 10. beyond prep.在更远处;超出
11. sufficientadj.足够的;充足的 12. keenadj.热衷的;渴望的
13. shallowadj.肤浅的;浅的 14. monitorn.监视器;监测仪 vt.监视;监测;监控
15. resourcen.资源;财力;物力 16. attachvt.系;绑;贴
阅读词汇
1. giant adj.巨大的;伟大的n.巨人;巨兽;伟人 2. leap n.跳跃;剧增;剧变vi.& vt.跳过;跃过
3. mankind n.人类 4. data n.[pl.]资料;数据
5. spacecraft n.航天器;宇宙飞船 6. float vi.浮动;漂流;漂浮vt.使浮动;使漂流
7. solar adj.太阳的;太阳能的 8. microwave n.微波炉
9. tissue n.纸巾;（人、动植 10. facility n.设施;设备
11. fatal adj.致命的;灾难性的 12. smartphone n.智能手机
拓展词汇
1. mental adj.精神的;思想的→mentally adv.精神上;思想上
2. intelligent adj.有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的→intelligenc en.智力;智慧
3. universe n.宇宙;天地万物→universa l adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的→universally adv.全体地,一致地
4. determine vt.查明;确定;决定→determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的→determinationn.决心;果断;坚定
5. agencyn.（政府的）专门机构;服务机构;代理处→agentn.代理人;代理商;经纪人
6. transmitvt.& vi.传输;发送→transmissionn.传送;传递
7. disappointvt.使失望;使落空;使破灭→disappointedadj.失望的;沮丧的→disappointingadj.令人失望的;令人沮丧的→disappointmentn.失望;扫兴;令人失望的人或事
8. independentadj.独立的;自立的→independentlyadv.独立地;自立地→independencen.独立
9. currentadj.当前的;现在的 n.水流;电流;思潮→currencyn.通货;货币;流行→currentlyadv.当前;目前
10. globen.地球;世界;地球仪→globaladj.全球的;全世界的→globallyadv.全球地
11. arguevt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论→argumentn.争论;争吵;论点
12. analysevt.分析→analysisn.（对事物的）分析;分析结果
13. regularadj.定期的;经常的;正常的→regularlyadv.经常;定期地
14. limitn.限制 vt.限制;限定→limitedadj.有限的→limitlessadj.无限制的;无界限的;无限度的;无止境的→limitlesslyadv.无限地
15. mysteryn.神秘事物;谜→mysteriousadj.神秘的
2 高频短语
1. carry on继续做,坚持干 2. on board在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上
3. in the hope of doing sth.抱着……的希望 4. so as to/in order to（do sth.）为了;以便
5. figure out弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白 6. result in导致;造成
7. as a result所以;结果（是） 8. provide for sb.提供生活所需
9. in closing最后 10. run out用完;耗尽
3 经典句型
1. Looking up at the stars（仰望星空），people have always wanted to learn more about space，and scientists work hard to find answers.（现在分词短语作状语）
2. ... and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person（第一个人） in the world to go into space（进入太空）.（the+序数词+名词+不定式）
3. This is because（这是因为） people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.（This is because...）
4. Despite the difficulties，scientists hope future discoveries will not only（不但） enable us to understand how the universe began，but also（而且） help us survive well into the future.（not only... but also...）
5. In closing,exploring s（探索太空）provides the world with many different benefits.（动名词短语作主语）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Mankind is exploring space in the hope of 1.finding（find） out more secrets of the universe. Exploring space is both dangerous 2.and challenging, but the desire 3.to explore（explore） the universe has never died.
On 4 October 1957,the Sputnik 1 satellite 4.was launched（launch） by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards,Yuri Gagarin became the first person 5.to go（go）into space in the world. On 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, 6.famously（famous） saying,“That’s one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.”
China has made great progress in exploring space in a short time. In 2003, it successfully sent Yang Liwei into space who orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft, 7.becoming（become） the third country in the world to 8.independently（independent） send humans into space.
People will continue to explore this final frontier, and this is because they believe in the importance of 9.carrying on（继续做，坚持干） space exploration 10.despite the huge risks.
一、词汇训练
1. [2020课标全国Ⅲ]“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. 提出；提请考虑
2. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. 监控；
3. We must make the most efficient use of the available financial resources. 财力
4. The new model will be launched in July. （首次）上市
词性变换
1. [2021北京]Resolving arguments（argue） can improve your emotional health，because it increases your reactivity and reduces the chance of you getting angry.
2. Those who had held mentally（mental） stimulating（刺激）, demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.
3. [2020天津改编]I’ve heard that you are a talented young woman, and I have found you charming and intelligent（intelligence）as well.
4. We are determined（determine） to get the work done before New Year’s Day.
5. They were bitterly disappointed（disappoint） at the result of the game.
6. We aim to help disabled students to live and study independently（independent）.
7. Phytoplankton have been used to control global（globe） climate.
8. We should make a concrete analysis（analyse）of each specific question.
9. They displayed only a part of their products because the space was limited（limit）.
10. He began to feel sympathy for this slightly mysterious（mystery） man.
短语串烧
Although the International Space Station has a long history, astronauts 1.carry on （继续做） the spacecraft in order to do well in space research 2.on board （在飞船上）. They are always 3.in the hope of（抱着……的希望）exploring the secrets of space, trying to 4.figure out （弄明白）whether human beings can survive in space for a long time. However, the space station lacks necessary maintenance. As a result, it is easy to 5.result in （导致）some accidents. In addition, the ground has been difficult to 6.provide for（提供生活所需）astronauts.7.In closing（最后）, when life and other items 8.run out （耗尽）, it will be closed.
二、话题重现
Three Chinese astronauts1.recently（recent） arrived at the country’s new space station in another step forward for the growing space power. The three-member crew will stay for three months in the station’s main living space,2.called（call） a module.
The module is named Tianhe, 3.whichmeans “Harmony of the Heavens” in Chinese. The astronauts will carry out scientific experiments and perform maintenance. They also plan to complete spacewalks and prepare the station to receive two other modules next year.
So far, China4.has sent（send） 14 astronauts into space since its first launch in 2003. It is the5.third（three）country after Russia and the United States to do so.
As its economy experienced6.growth（grow）in the 1990s, China made a plan for space exploration. Since then, it has attempted7.to carry（carry）out this plan carefully.
China was banned from joining the ISS. It’s likely, however,8.thatChina would have built its own station anyway because9.ofits goal to become a major space power.
China’s space program has been a larger part of its national pride. It represents the country’s rise from a poor nation to10.becoming（become）the world’s second-largest economy in the last 40 years.
三、写作提能
你校校报计划增设一期英语专栏，介绍太空探索的内容。请根据下面要点，介绍一下人类对宇宙的探索。要点如下：1.人类渴望探索宇宙；
2.发射了很多卫星；派出宇航员进入太空；在宇宙飞船上进行科学实验；
3.重视宇宙的探索，搞清楚未知的问题。
Mankind desires to explore the universe in the hope of knowing more about it. As a result, 1.many satellites have been launched（许多卫星已经发射）, orbiting around the earth. Astronauts have been sent to space by spacecraft and 2.carry on spacewalks（进行太空行走）. They do scientific experiments on board, collecting sufficient data. Meanwhile, 3.some analyses can be transmitted to the earth（一些分析可以传送到地球）. However, as a result of/because of limited resources, 4.there are still many mysteries in the universe（宇宙中仍有许多奥秘）. In closing, 5.people should attach importance to the exploration of space to figure out unknown problems（人们应该重视对太空的探索，搞清楚未知的问题）.
