选择性必修第二册 UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的 2. suspect vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象
3. blame vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责n.责备;指责
4. handle n.把手;拉手;柄 vt.处理;搬动;操纵（车辆、动物、工具等）
5. link n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联
6. decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.（使大小、数量等）减少;减小;降低
7. transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变 8. cast vt.投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷
9. shadow n.阴影；影子；背光处 10. pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
11. outstanding adj.优秀的;杰出的;明显的 12. shift n.改变;转换;轮班vi.& vt.转移;挪动;转向
阅读词汇
1. contradictory adj.相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的 2. multiple adj.数量多的;多种多样的
3. intervention n.介入;出面;干涉 4. substantial adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的
5. statistic n.统计数字；统计资料；统计学 6. microscope n.显微镜
7. protein n.蛋白质 8. concept n.概念;观念
9. brilliant adj.聪颖的;绝妙的;明亮的 10. vivid adj.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的
11. virus n.病毒 12. abstract adj.抽象的;理性的n.（文献等的）摘要
13. patriotic adj.爱国的 14. concrete n.混凝土adj.混凝土制的;确实的;具体的
15. initial adj.最初的;开始的;第一的
拓展词汇
1. frustrated adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→frustrating adj.令人泄气的;使人沮丧的→frustrate v.挫败;阻挠;使受挫折;使心烦→frustration n.懊恼;挫败;挫折;令人懊丧的事
2. infect vt.使感染;传染→infection n.感染;传染→infective/infectious adj.有传染性的
3. prove v.证明→proof n.证据;证明;检验
4. pure adj.干净的;纯的;纯粹的→purely adv.完全地;纯粹地→purity n.纯度→purify vt.使（某物）洁净，净化；洗涤（思想），净化（心灵）；提纯，精炼
5. transform vt.使改观;使改变形态 vi.改变;转变→transformation n.（彻底的）改变;巨变;改观;变换;转换→transformer n.变压器;促使改变的人（或物）;改革者
6. think v.思考;认为→thinker n.思想家→thinking n.思想;思维;见解→thought n.想法;考虑
7. mechanic n.机械师;机械修理工→mechanical adj.机械的;发动机的;机器的
8. defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解→defence/defense n.保护;防御;答辩
9. assist v.帮助;援助→assistant n.助理;助手→assistance n.帮助;援助
10. gift n.礼物;天赋→gifted adj.有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的
11. steady adj.稳定的;平稳的;稳步的→steadily adv.稳定地;平稳地;稳步地
12. astronomy n.天文学→astronomer n.天文学家
13. subscribe vi.认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费）→subscriber n.（报刊的）订阅人，订购者；定期捐款者；消费者，用户→subscription n.（报刊等的）订阅费，订阅，订购；（向慈善机构的）定期捐款，（俱乐部的）会员费，（服务的）用户费；集体捐助
2 高频短语
1. once and for all最终地;彻底地 2. subscribe to同意;赞同
3. be to blame负有责任;应受责备 4. be linked to被连接;被联系
5. decrease by减少了 6. thanks to幸亏;由于
7. break out（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始;爆发 8. in charge of主管;掌管
9. under one’s leadership在某人的带领下 10. trace back to追溯到
11. come down患（病）;染上（小病） 12. above all最重要的是;尤其是
3 经典句型
1. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that（如此严重以至于）more than 500 people died in ten days.（so...that...）
2. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame（是罪魁祸首）.（be to blame）
3. Under Qian’s leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation（紧接着研制出第一代） of Long March rockets.（过去分词短语作状语）
4. ... the treat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease（大幅下降）.（无灵主语）
5. Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on（对……有更大的影响）China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.（否定词和比较级连用）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Cholera is an infectious disease caused by germs. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration and even death. As a young doctor, John Snow felt 1.frustrated（frustrate） at first, but he was determined to defeat “King Cholera” 2.once and for all（彻底地）. There were then two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. Snow 3.subscribed to（赞同） the second theory that cholera was caused by an 4.infection（infect） from germs in food or water. But Snow needed proof. When cholera 5.broke out（爆发） in London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that there were multiple deaths in some households near the water pump in Broad Street. This showed there was a link 6.between the cases of cholera and the water. Snow suspected that the water pump 7.was to blame（应受责备）, so he had the handle of the water pump removed. 8.Thanks to（多亏） Snow’s intervention, people began to drink pure water instead of raw water. Thus, there was a substantial decrease in the threat of cholera. 9.Furthermore（此外）, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. His thinking and concept of disease were quite novel at that time. Therefore, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. Here was the germ of a brilliant idea. 起源；发端；萌芽
2. See if you can pump him for more details.盘问；追问；一再探问
3. They were arrested for handling stolen goods.卖
4. The marathon is a severe test of stamina. 艰难的；艰巨的；难度大的
词性变换
1. [2019课标全国Ⅲ]Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions（subscribe）in America, usually ＄8 to ＄ 10 a year.
2. The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation（transform）.
3. China’s image is improving steadily（steady）, with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs.
4. [2021河北唐山一模]I’m an assistant（assist）, and I’ve only been here on the job for two days.
5. [2021北京]You must show proof（prove） of a comprehensive health insurance valid （有效的） in the target country for the entire period of the internship.
6. She couldn’t stand the frustration（frustrate） of not being able to help.
7. He is a gifted（gift） musician.
8. They also protect the eye against infection（infect） and provide nutrition for the cornea.
短语串烧
Zhang Yu has switched his major from maths to medicine because of the outbreak of COVID-19. When COVID-19 first 1.broke out（暴发）， many people 2.came down with（患……） it， and as a consequence, people got into a great panic. But fortunately, we had a team of doctors and nurses who rose to difficulties bravely. They 3.attended to（护理） patients regardless of their personal safety. 4.Over the course of（在……过程中）fighting the disease, Zhong Nanshan was 5.in charge of（负责）the medical team. Though it was hard to find out what 6.was to blame（应受责备） for the disease, the experts 7.were determined to（决心） get the disease under control 8.once and for all（彻底地）. Zhang Yu was greatly inspired, and both his parents 9.subscribed to（赞同） his decision. And he hopes he will 10.be capable of（能）helping others like his pioneers.
二、话题重现
There are many great 1.scientists（science） at home and abroad. Yuan Longping, the “father of hybrid rice”, and Einstein, 2.who proposed the theory of general relativity, are good examples. They have made great contributions to the progress of human beings and play 3.a great role in promoting 4.social（society） development.
Do you think you have what it takes 5.to be（be） a successful scientist Two of the essential qualities a scientist needs to have seem to be curiosity and creativity. People who are curious usually have a mixture of 6.seemingly（seeming） contradictory desires: They look for originality and yet they also want everything 7.in its proper place. 8.To settle（settle） the conflict between statistics and theories, scientists often have to be creative, and think outside the box—approach the problem from different directions. They must have a vivid imagination and strong intuition in order for new findings 9.to be made（make）. It echoes something the astronomer Carl Sagan once said. He believes that every child “starts out as a scientist” and every child is 10.gifted（gift） with the “sense of wonder and awe”.
三、写作提能 假设你是李华，收到好友John的邮件。John希望自己将来能成为一名科学家，因此向你咨询科学家需要具备哪些品质。请你给他回一封电子邮件。要点如下:
1.对John 的梦想表示支持; 2.科学家应具备的品质。
Dear John,
I am glad to learn that you hope to become a scientist in the future. To be a good scientist, you need to have multiple qualities and there are many aspects you should evaluate.
1.To begin with（首先）, scientists are usually knowledgeable, gifted and determined. Furthermore, they never 2.subscribe to an opinion（赞同一个观点） randomly and always 3.base their research on solid proof（把他们的研究建立在可靠的证据上）. Above all, they always keep it in mind to transform the world for the better.
Becoming a scientist is not easy. Stick to your dream and it will 4.become a reality（变成现实）.
Yours,
Li Hua
读后续写点对读后续写：学好科学，造福人类
精彩表达 单句续写
under control （被）控制住 keep up with 跟上……的步伐 be exposed to 接触；面对 be up to 是……的职责；由……决定 in demand 需求大 be available to 供……使用 pave the way for为……铺平道路 enjoy continuous prosperity and more convenience 享有不断的繁荣和更多的便利 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①Thanks to the development of science and technology, human society has enjoyed continuous prosperity and more convenience. ②We should study hard to keep up with the rapid development of society and make more contributions to our country. ③Through tireless efforts, the doctors finally got the virus under control.UNIT5 FIRST AID
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. victim n.受害者;患者 2. loose adj.松的;未系紧的;宽松的
3. wrap vt.包、裹;（用手臂等）围住 4. slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走n.滑倒；小错误；纸条
5. elderly adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的（婉辞） 6. ambulance n.救护车
7. delay vi.& vt.推迟;延期（做某事）vt.耽误;耽搁n.延误;耽搁（的时间）;推迟
8. bleed vi.流血；失血 9. panic v.（使）惊慌 n.惊恐；恐惧 10. grab vt.抓住；攫取n.抓取；抢夺
11. tight adj.牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的 adv.紧紧地;牢固地
阅读词汇
1. millimetre n.毫米;千分之一米 2. leaflet n.散页印刷品；传单；小册子
3. layer n.层;表层;层次 4. bathtub n.浴缸;浴盆
5. mosquito n.蚊子 6. carpet n.地毯
7. ankle n.踝;踝关节 8. choke vi.& vt.（使）窒息；（使）哽咽
9. welfare n.幸福;福祉;安康;福利 10. collapse vi.（突然）倒塌；（因病等）昏倒
11. manual n.使用手册；说明书 adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
12. suburb n.郊区；城外
拓展词汇
1. minor adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的→minority n.少数;少数民族
2. swell vi.膨胀;肿胀→swollen adj.（身体部位）肿起的;肿胀的
3. urge v.催促→urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的;急切的→urgently adv.紧急地→urgency n.紧急
4. ease vt.& vi.（使）宽慰；缓解；减轻 n.容易；舒适；自在→easy adj.容易的；轻易的；不费力的→easily adv.容易地；轻易地；不费力地
5. bath n.洗澡;浴缸;浴盆 vt.给……洗澡→bathe v.洗澡;游泳
6. operator n.电话接线员;操作员→operate v.动手术→operation n.手术
7. interrupt vt.& vi.打断；打扰vt.使暂停；中断→interruption n.阻断物；中断时间；打扰；插嘴；打岔
8. desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的→desperately adv.绝望地;极度地→desperation n.绝望
9. practice v.实践→practice n.& v.实践→practical adj.切实可行的;实际的;实践的→practically adv.实际地→impractical adj.不切实际的
10. motion n.运动；移动→motionless adj.静止的
2 高频短语
1. sense of touch触觉 2. help sb. to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来
3. face up/down面朝上（朝下） 4. sleep in迟起;睡过头;睡懒觉
5. out of shape健康状况不好
3 经典句型
1. As you can ima（正如你所想的那样）,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.（as引导定语从句）
2. You can get burnt by a variety of things（各种东西都会造成烧伤）: hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation,the sun,electricity,acids,or other chemicals.（“get+过去分词”构成的被动结构）
3. Burns are divided into three types,depending on the depth of skin damage（依据皮肤损伤的深度）.（现在分词短语作状语）
4. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary（如有必要）,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.（if省略结构）
5. Doing the Heimlich manoeu（实施海姆利希急救法）is quick, practical, and easy.（动名词短语作主语）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文，给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
The skin, which 1.acts as（起……作用）a barrier against disease, toxins and the sun’s 2.rays（ray）, is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. You have three layers of skin whose functions are very complex: it warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your 3.sense of touch（触觉）. So if your skin 4.gets burnt（被烧伤）, it can be very serious. Giving first aid is the first and most important step in the treatment of burns.
Burns are divided into three types, 5.depending on（根据） the depth of skin damage. Different degrees of burns have different characteristics. When 6.giving first aid（实施急救） in the treatment of burns, you can remove clothing using scissors 7.if necessary（如有必要）, unless the fabric 8.is stuck（stick） to the burnt skin. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still 9.breathe（breath）. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, it is urgent 10.to take（take） him/her to the hospital at once.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. She plays the organ in church.管风琴
2. There was just one small ray of hope.（好事或所希望事物的）一点，少量
3. It is an offence to serve alcohol to minors.未成年人
4. We had a swell time.很愉快的；极有趣的
5. You’re going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.不流露；掩饰；抑制
词性变换
1.Through our joint efforts the hillside was lined with rows of seedlings, bathed（bath）in the sunshine.
2. [2021山东潍坊一模]She gave me a tight （tightly） hug and broke down.
3. She stood absolutely motionless（motion）.
4. Only a minority（minor） of chefs are women in cafeterias.
5. The athlete took some exercise to loosen（loose） his muscles before running.
6. We should keep calm in the face of urgency（urgent）.
7. The patient is coming along well after the operation（operate）.
8. Press firmly on the wound to stop the bleeding（bleed）.
9. The birth of her son was a minor interruption（interrupt） to her career.
10. He looked around in desperation（desperate） for someone to help.
短语串烧
In our daily life, if someone is drowning, you can 1.act as（担任）a doctor or nurse to 2.prevent him from dying（阻止他死亡）. If he has drunk too much water, you should first make him 3.face down（面朝下） and 4.force the water out（把水弄出来）. But when you 5.give first aid（实施急救）to him, you should 6.depend on（依据）the situation of the victim to take 7.a variety of（各种各样的） methods to help him, or it may 8.lead to（导致） death. You can’t 9.help him to his feet（帮助他站起身来）until you 10.make sure（确保） he is OK.
二、话题重现
In our daily life, there exist many dangers of different types, so it is vital 1.to know（know） the basic facts of first aid, 2.which can help you save lives, 3.including（include） yours. When you find yourself in 4.the middle of an emergency situation, it is best to know how to deal with the situation. The following are some common dangerous situations.
First-Degree Burns
First-degree burns affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. 5.To treat（treat） them, wash the wound with running water easily. After cleaning the burn, applying an ice pack or a cold compress（敷布） is very 6.effective（effect）.
Bee Stings
If you 7.are stung（sting） by a bee, you must remove the stinger. After removing the stinger, wash the wound and apply a cold compress. If you are allergic, try to contact emergency services as soon as possible.
Eye Injuries
When you hurt 8.yourself（you）, the first thing you should do is clean the wound. However, when you hurt your eyes, the most important thing is 9.to cover（cover） your eyes and seek help.
Snake Bites
In television shows and movies, when someone is bitten by a poisonous snake, their first reaction is to suck the wound. Actually, the poison has already entered the person’s bloodstream, so that doesn’t help. When you get a snake bite, the most important step is to stay relaxed. Contact emergency services immediately 10.to obtain（obtain） the appropriate treatment.
三、写作提能
假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关急救常识方面内容的英文稿，请你根据以下提示向网站投稿。内容要点如下:
1.急救知识的重要性; 2.遇到事故时的做法。
If you have some 1.knowledge of first aid（急救知识）, there is no doubt that you can save someone’s life before a doctor comes.
When you meet someone injured, firstly you’d better 2.keep him/her where he/she is（让他/她待在原地）. If a person is bleeding badly, press a clean handkerchief or a piece of cloth on the bleeding point and hold it there 3.if necessary（如有必要）. If a person is suffering from gas poisoning, open the doors and windows to 4.let the fresh air in（让新鲜空气进来） as quickly as possible. If someone eats or drinks poison by mistake, 5.it is vital to（……是很重要的） take him/her and the poison to the hospital at once.
If you can do as you are told, you will certainly save many people’s lives.
读后续写点对典读后续写：临“危”不惧
精彩表达 单句续写
in desperation 绝望地 cold and hungry 又冷又饿 shout for help 大喊救命 A thick burning smell filled the air.空气里弥漫着浓浓的烧焦的味道。 A cloud of thick smoke greeted him.一阵浓烟向他扑面而来。 The flame was reaching up.火势越来越大。 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate, a cloud of thick smoke greeted him. ②In desperation， I suddenly caught sight of some boats with lifeguards coming in our direction. ③He struggled, and shouted for help， but all in vain.UNIT3 FOOD AND CULTURE
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. prior adj.先前的；优先的 2. consist vi.由……组成
3. stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n.东西；物品 4. temper n.脾气;火气
5. somewhat adv.有点;稍微 6. chew vi.& vt.咀嚼;嚼碎 n.咀嚼
7. modest adj.些许的;谦虚的;朴素的 8. trick n.诀窍;计谋;把戏
9. overall adv.总体上;大致上 adj.全面的;综合的
10. ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n.理想；完美的人（或事物）
阅读词汇
1. cuisine n.菜肴;风味;烹饪 2. recipe n.烹饪法;食谱
3. bold adj.大胆自信的;敢于冒险的 4. vegetarian n.素食者
5. brand n.品牌 6. ingredient n.（尤指烹饪）材料;成分
7. canteen n.食堂;餐厅 8. cafeteria n.自助餐厅;自助食堂
9. pearl n.珍珠 10. category n.类别;种类
11. vitamin n.维生素 12. fibre n.纤维;纤维制品 13. calorie n.卡路里（热量单位）
拓展词汇
1. elegant adj.精美的;讲究的;文雅的→elegantly adv.优美地→elegance n.典雅
2. exceptional adj.特别的;罕见的→exception n.例外;一般情况以外的人（或事物）→except prep.除……之外 conj.除了;只是
3. consume vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗→consumption n.消费→consumable adj.供消耗的；会用尽的→consumer n.消费者；顾客；用户
4. stable adj.稳定的;稳重的→unstable adj.不稳定的；易变的；变化莫测的→stably adv.平稳地;坚固地→stability n.稳定（性）；稳固（性）→stabilize v.（使）稳定；稳固
5. association n.协会;关联→associate v.联系;交往→associated adj.有关联的；相关的
6. fundamental adj.根本的;基础的;基本的 n.基本规律;根本法则→fundamentally adv.根本上;完全地
7. consistent adj.一致的;连续的→consistently adv.一贯地
2 高频短语
1. prior to在……之前的 2. consist of由……组成（或构成）
3. slice... off切下 4. regardless of不管;不顾
5. a case in point恰当的例子 6. be stuffed with塞满
7. play a trick on捉弄 8. be limited to限定在……范围
9. cut off切断（供给） 10. in cash用现金
3 经典句型
1. For example, America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers（撒着甜酱，用红辣椒调味）.（过去分词作定语）
2. Tired, hungry（疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘），and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order...（形容词作状语）
3. ... so we just atewhatever was left（任何剩下的）in the university canteen.（宾语从句）
4. We’ll need ten months at least to have the restaurant decorated（装修餐厅）.（have sth. done ）
5. It is up to you（由你决定）to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.（it作形式主语）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
We are what we eat. Put it 1.simply（simple）, it actually refers to personality, character, and culture. Chinese cuisine is 2.a case in point（恰当的例子）. Prior 3.to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes, which tells us that Americans like trying new foods. Later, my family and I visited China and experienced 4.authentic Chinese food（地道的中国菜）. In Beijing, we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. It was wonderful but what was even more important was the friendship. In Shandong Province, we experienced 5.boiled（boil） dumplings served with vinegar. I found making dumplings is always an affair with the whole family joining in to help. In central China, I experienced the 6.exceptional （exception） stewed noodles in Henan. Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. 7.At a minimum, the kinds of food 8.consumed （consume） by local people tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and 9.what they like and do not like. All in all, culture and cuisine go hand 10.in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. He peppered his speech with jokes. 加入;插入
2. What’s her recipe for success？ 方法；秘诀；诀窍
3. Our firm is well placed to grab a large slice of the market.份额
4. Julie was consumed with guilt. 使充满（强烈的感情）
5. Justice must be tempered with mercy. 使缓和；使温和
词性变换
1. [2020新高考Ⅰ]Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent（consist）basis.
2. Industrialized countries should reduce their energy consumption（consume）.
3. Financial security was high on his list of priorities（prior）.
4. [2020课标全国Ⅲ]We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional（exception） museum in Shanghai.
5. I’ve learned that the English Association （associate） of our school is now in need of some volunteers to receive foreign students visiting our school.
6. Regardless （regard） of your choice of courses, you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.
7. His writing combines elegance（elegant） with wit.
短语串烧
Huang Dong has just received his health examination report, which has many confusing medical terms. 1.Put simply（简单来说），there is something wrong with his health, which is closely 2.related to（与……相关） his eating habits. 3.Prior to（在……之前） receiving the report, what he consumed every day 4.consisted of（由……组成） junk food. But now it is high time that he should make a change. The doctor advised him to 5.cut down on（削减） desserts and fried food. In addition, he should also keep 6.a balanced diet（均衡饮食）.
7.As with（和……一样） everything in life, moderation is the key. Actually, there is not 8.a trick to（……的诀窍）healthy eating. Having a healthy attitude towards food and using food mostly for nutrition, you are 9.on the right track（思路对头） with your diet. Besides, to stay healthy, doing exercise is equally important.10.At a minimum（至少）， twenty minutes’ modest amount of exercise is advised.
二、话题重现
What makes up a healthy diet Scientists have found that the real driver of poor health is sugar rather 1.than so much fatty food. This is true 2.regardless（regard） of how healthy the rest of people’s diet might be. So if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts.
Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different 3.categories（category） of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables. It is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products, 4.which provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. The ideal diet is a 5.balanced（balance） one, without too much or too little of anything.
Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat 6.slowly（slow）, which allows your body 7.to digest（digest） your food better. In addition,consistent eating habits like taking three meals a day at 8.the same time and eating a modest amount of food each time 9.are（be） good for your health.
There is no one trick 10.to healthy eating. It is important to have a healthy attitude towards food. It is up to you to make the right decisions about your diet.
写作提能
假如你是班长，你所在班级中的一些同学有不良的饮食习惯，请你在下午的班会上发表演讲，号召同学们养成健康的饮食习惯。
内容包括: 1.简述健康饮食的重要性; 2.指出不良饮食现象:不吃早餐、吃零食、挑食和暴饮暴食等;
3.提出如何养成健康饮食习惯的建议。
Dear classmates,
Good afternoon! I feel honored to deliver a speech here. As we all know, 1.we are what we eat（人如其食）. Therefore, it’s very important for us 2.to form healthy eating habits（养成健康的饮食习惯）.
However, bad eating habits are still very common among us students. Some of us often go to school without eating breakfast, some like to have snacks, some are particular about food, and some eat or drink too much. All these bad habits will surely 3.do harm to our health（损害我们的健康）.
4.From my point of view（在我看来）, we should have various foods in order to keep fit, which generally include modest amounts of fish, meat, fruit and so on. Besides, we’d better have meals regularly, and we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. 5.Only in this way can we have enough energy（只有这样我们才能有足够的能量） to study better.
That’s all. Thank you!
读后续写点对读后续写：让人垂涎欲滴的美食
精彩表达 单句续写
delicious adj.美味的;可口的 tasty adj.可口的 appetizing adj.引起食欲的；开胃的 mouth-watering adj.令人垂涎的 nutrients n.营养 be rich in 富含 a flavor balance 味觉的均衡 a symbol of...……的象征 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①Additionally, it isdelicious as well as nutritious since it is rich in plant protein. ②Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. ③A healthy diet should include a variety of food, most of which should be rich in nutrients.UNIT4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. awesome adj.令人惊叹的;可怕的;很好的 2. arise vi.起身;出现;由……引起
3. breath n.呼吸的空气 4. highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出;强调;使醒目
5. anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望 6. bunch n.束;串;捆
7. contrary adj.相反的；相对立的 n.相反的事实（或事情） 8. owe vt.欠（账、债、情等）
9. bound adj.准备前往（某地）；一定会 10. accent n.口音
阅读词汇
1. idiom n.习语；成语 2. peak n.顶峰;山峰;尖形
3. anyhow adv.（结束交谈或转换话题时）不过;反正 4. proceed vi.行进;继续做
5. craft n.手艺；工艺；技艺 6. duration n.持续时间；期间
7. scenery n.风景；景色 8. steel n.钢；钢铁工业
拓展词汇
1. pleasant adj.令人愉快的;友好的→please v.使愉快;使满意→pleased adj.满意;高兴;愉快→pleasure n.高兴；愉快；欣慰
2. massive adj.巨大的;非常严重的→mass n.块,团;大量
3. literally adv.字面上;真正地→literal adj.字面意义的
4. breath n.呼吸的空气→breathless adj.（令人）气喘吁吁的;（令人）屏息的→breathe v.呼吸
5. freeze vi.& vt.结冰;（使）冻住→freezing adj.极冷的;冰冻的→frozen adj.冷冻的；冰封的；吓呆；惊呆
6. anticipate vt.预料;预见;期望→anticipation n.预期;期盼
7. astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的→astonished adj.感到十分惊讶→astonishment n.惊讶；惊异
8. mist n.薄雾;水汽→misty adj.多雾的;模糊的
9. advertisement n.广告;启事→advertiser n.广告商→advertise v.（为……）做广告;登广告
10. thunder n.雷声；轰隆声vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动→thunderous adj.雷鸣般的；声音很大的；怒容满面的；面色阴沉的；怒气冲冲的
11. frost n.霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜→frosty adj.严寒的；结霜的；冷淡的；冷若冰霜的
12. photograph n.照片；相片vt.拍照；照相vi.上相；上镜→photographer n.摄影师；拍照者→photography n.照相术；摄影→photographic adj.摄影的；摄制的；照片的
2 高频短语
1. take sb.’s breath away令人惊叹 2. freezing cold极冷的；冻僵的
3. a bunch of一束;一串;一群;大量 4. contrary to相反的;相对立的
5. proceed to sth.进而做（参加） 6. owe sth. to sb.欠（某人情）；把……归功于某人
3 经典句型
1. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way（而不是一路乘坐商业航班）, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.（rather than连接两个并列成分）
2. During their first day,as is typical of Vancouver（温哥华一如既往）,it rained.（as引导非限制性定语从句）
3. There are fantastic restaurants and clubs（那里有很棒的餐馆和俱乐部） around, too.（there be句型）
4. The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada（表明加拿大已进入秋季）.（现在分词作结果状语）
5. It was not until 9:30 a.m.（直到上午九点半）that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.（强调句）
6. ... they were astonished to see misty clouds rising（看到薄雾升腾而起）from the great Niagara Falls...（不定式作原因状语）
课前自测·必备知识串阅读下面短文，给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast. They decided to fly to Vancouver and then 1.to cross（cross） the whole country by train. Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver. Then they took the train to Lake Louise where the blue water literally 2.took their breath away（令她们惊叹不已） with its exceptional beauty. Later, they took a coach 3.bound north（向北行驶） to Jasper. On the way, they enjoyed spectacular mountain 4.peaks（peak）and forests, seeing many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats and so on. From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto. They passed through Edmonton, the centre of Canada’s huge oil and gas 5.drilling（drill） industry, which is 6.freezing cold（极冷的）in winter. From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie, going through two wheat-growing provinces. They didn’t anticipate 7.seeing （see） such an open country, and were truly amazed. After another day on the train, they arrived in Winnipeg. The train 8.thundered（thunder） on and the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange. Finally they reached Toronto. 9.All in all（总而言之）,their trip from Vancouver to Toronto was a 10.pleasant（please） experience.
一、词汇训练熟词生义
1. The referee’s decision left the crowd baying for blood.厉声强要
2. He knew how to win by craft and diplomacy what he could not gain by force.计谋
3. The peasants arose against their masters.群起反对；奋起斗争
4. I literally jumped out of my skin.简直
5. Oil production peaked in the early 1980s.达到高峰；达到最高值
词性变换
1. It is freezing（freeze） cold outside, so you’d better put on more clothes.
2. In anticipation（anticipate）of bad weather, they take plenty of warm clothes.
3. To our astonishment（astonish）, he ran 1,000 meters at an astonishing speed.
4. The TV organizers put an advertisement（advertise） in a newspaper looking for rock musicians who could act as well as sing.
5. His excellent performance won him thunderous（thunder）applause.
6. The latest proposals were given a frosty（frost） reception.
7. His hobbies include hiking and photography（photograph）.
短语串烧
My husband and I both like travelling. During the National Day holiday, 1.rather than（而不是）go on a package trip, we 2.decided on（决定） a road trip 3.bound for（准备前往） Qingyunshan Scenic Spot. However, on the day we started out, as 4.is typical of（是……的典型特征） this season, it rained. We thought our journey would be ruined. On our arrival, 5.contrary to（与……相反） our anticipation, the scenery after the rain was exceptionally beautiful, and it immediately 6.took our breath away（令人惊叹）. Everywhere we went, we were greeted with beautiful flowers and the sweet songs of happy birds. We really enjoyed ourselves.
二、话题重现
Travel means lots of opportunities to force yourself to be active. When you travel, you want to try a new form of exercise and see all worth 1.seeing（see）. You’re more likely 2.to attempt（attempt） a new sport, walk on sand, or hike to get the best view of your 3.surroundings（surround）. So you see that travel is really good for your health.
Travel can lower stress levels. This might not come as 4.a big surprise to you, but it’s been 5.scientifically（scientific） proven that travel will increase your happiness, decrease your depression, and remove your pressure.
Travel improves your brain health. Travel expands your mind. You meet new people all over the world. You adapt 6.to new cultures and situations.7.Therefore, you become more globally and culturally aware. This is all good for your mental health 8.becausenew experiences increase cognitive flexibility, keeping your mind sharp.
Travel will decrease the risk of developing heart disease. That’s because people who wander away from their homes for a vacation are generally less stressed and anxious, or at least they’re willing 9.to take（take） a break from their stressors （压力源）.
Travel will let you live longer. It’s true that those who travel often tend 10.to increase（increase） the length of their lives. Research shows that travel reduces stress, keeps your body healthy inside and outside, and improves brain health. This adds to the chance of living longer and having fun.
三、写作提能
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 David 发电子邮件询问你和表妹的加拿大之行。请你根据以下要点提示回复一封邮件。内容包括: 1.旅游地点及主要活动; 2.建议 David 去加拿大旅游。
Dear David,
In your last email, you asked about my travel in Canada with my cousin. I’d really like to share my pleasant trip with you.
During the travel, we visited a good many cities and their tourist attractions. We first arrived in Vancouver, where we went shopping for gifts and then went hiking. Then we took the train through the Canadian Rockies. 1.The scenery along the way（沿途的风光） was spectacular—massive forests and mountains, beautiful blue lakes, and all kinds of animals. Then we 2.proceeded with the trip（继续旅行） to Toronto, where we went to the CN Tower. We were astonished because we could 3.see misty clouds rising（看见薄雾升腾而起） from the Niagara Falls. All of the scenery 4.took our breath away（令我们叹为观止）.
In my opinion, if you’re free, you can go to Canada for your holiday one day. 5.You are bound to have great fun（你一定会玩得非常高兴） there.
Yours,
Li Hua读后续写点对典
读后续写：旅行让我们领略大自然的美
精彩表达 单句续写
fragrant roses 芳香的玫瑰 soft but cold 轻柔却寒冷 the faint sound of water 潺潺的水声 lumps of clouds 一团团云朵 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①The wind, soft but cold，clicked through tree branches and stirred the bushes that sprinkled the slope. ②The sky was a curdled grey burdened with lumps of clouds.选择性必修第二册
UNIT1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. severe adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的
2. suspect vt.& vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任 n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象
3. blame vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责n.责备;指责
4. handle n.把手;拉手;柄 vt.处理;搬动;操纵（车辆、动物、工具等）
5. link n.联系;纽带 vt.把……连接起来;相关联
6. decrease n.减少;降低;减少量 vt.& vi.（使大小、数量等）减少;减小;降低
7. transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变
8. cast vt.投射；向……投以（视线、笑容等）；投掷
9. shadow n.阴影；影子；背光处 10. pour vt.倒出；倾泻；斟（饮料）
11. outstanding adj.优秀的;杰出的;明显的 12. shift n.改变;转换;轮班vi.& vt.转移;挪动;转向
阅读词汇
1. contradictory adj.相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的
2. multiple adj.数量多的;多种多样的
3. intervention n.介入;出面;干涉
4. substantial adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的
5. statistic n.统计数字；统计资料；统计学
6. microscope n.显微镜 你7. protein n.蛋白质 8. concept n.概念;观念
9. brilliant adj.聪颖的;绝妙的;明亮的 10. vivid adj.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的
11. virus n.病毒 12. abstract adj.抽象的;理性的n.（文献等的）摘要
13. patriotic adj.爱国的
14. concrete n.混凝土adj.混凝土制的;确实的;具体的
15. initial adj.最初的;开始的;第一的
拓展词汇
1. frustrated adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→frustrating adj.令人泄气的;使人沮丧的→frustrate v.挫败;阻挠;使受挫折;使心烦→frustration n.懊恼;挫败;挫折;令人懊丧的事
2. infect vt.使感染;传染→infection n.感染;传染→infective/infectious adj.有传染性的
3. prove v.证明→proof n.证据;证明;检验
4. pure adj.干净的;纯的;纯粹的→purely adv.完全地;纯粹地→purity n.纯度→purify vt.使（某物）洁净，净化；洗涤（思想），净化（心灵）；提纯，精炼
5. transform vt.使改观;使改变形态 vi.改变;转变→transformation n.（彻底的）改变;巨变;改观;变换;转换→transformer n.变压器;促使改变的人（或物）;改革者
6. think v.思考;认为→thinker n.思想家→thinking n.思想;思维;见解→thought n.想法;考虑
7. mechanic n.机械师;机械修理工→mechanical adj.机械的;发动机的;机器的
8. defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解→defence/defense n.保护;防御;答辩
9. assist v.帮助;援助→assistant n.助理;助手→assistance n.帮助;援助
10. gift n.礼物;天赋→gifted adj.有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的
11. steady adj.稳定的;平稳的;稳步的→steadily adv.稳定地;平稳地;稳步地
12. astronomy n.天文学→astronomer n.天文学家
13. subscribe vi.认购（股份）；定期订购；定期交纳（会费）→subscriber n.（报刊的）订阅人，订购者；定期捐款者；消费者，用户→subscription n.（报刊等的）订阅费，订阅，订购；（向慈善机构的）定期捐款，（俱乐部的）会员费，（服务的）用户费；集体捐助
2 高频短语
1. once and for all最终地;彻底地
2. subscribe to同意;赞同
3. be to blame负有责任;应受责备
4. be linked to被连接;被联系
5. decrease by减少了
6. thanks to幸亏;由于
7. break out（战争、打斗等不愉快的事情）突然开始;爆发
8. in charge of主管;掌管
9. under one’s leadership在某人的带领下
10. trace back to追溯到
11. come down患（病）;染上（小病）
12. above all最重要的是;尤其是
3 经典句型
1. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that（如此严重以至于）more than 500 people died in ten days.（so...that...）
2. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame（是罪魁祸首）.（be to blame）
3. Under Qian’s leadership, China developed the Dongfeng missiles, followed by the first generation（紧接着研制出第一代） of Long March rockets.（过去分词短语作状语）
4. ... the treat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease（大幅下降）.（无灵主语）
5. Perhaps no other scientist has had a greater impact on（对……有更大的影响）China’s aerospace science than Qian Xuesen.（否定词和比较级连用）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Cholera is an infectious disease caused by germs. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration and even death. As a young doctor, John Snow felt 1.frustrated（frustrate） at first, but he was determined to defeat “King Cholera” 2.once and for all（彻底地）. There were then two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. Snow 3.subscribed to（赞同） the second theory that cholera was caused by an 4.infection（infect） from germs in food or water. But Snow needed proof. When cholera 5.broke out（爆发） in London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that there were multiple deaths in some households near the water pump in Broad Street. This showed there was a link 6.between the cases of cholera and the water. Snow suspected that the water pump 7.was to blame（应受责备）, so he had the handle of the water pump removed. 8.Thanks to（多亏） Snow’s intervention, people began to drink pure water instead of raw water. Thus, there was a substantial decrease in the threat of cholera. 9.Furthermore（此外）, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases. His thinking and concept of disease were quite novel at that time. Therefore, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义 1. Here was the germ of a brilliant idea. 起源；发端；萌芽
2. See if you can pump him for more details.盘问；追问；一再探问
3. They were arrested for handling stolen goods.卖
4. The marathon is a severe test of stamina. 艰难的；艰巨的；难度大的
词性变换
1. [2019课标全国Ⅲ]Before the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions（subscribe）in America, usually ＄8 to ＄ 10 a year.
2. The health security systems of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation（transform）.
3. [2019江苏]China’s image is improving steadily（steady）, with more countries recognizing its role in international affairs.
4. [2021河北唐山一模]I’m an assistant（assist）, and I’ve only been here on the job for two days.
5. [2021北京]You must show proof（prove） of a comprehensive health insurance valid （有效的） in the target country for the entire period of the internship.
6. She couldn’t stand the frustration（frustrate） of not being able to help.
7. He is a gifted（gift） musician.
8. They also protect the eye against infection（infect） and provide nutrition for the cornea.
短语串烧
Zhang Yu has switched his major from maths to medicine because of the outbreak of COVID-19. When COVID-19 first 1.broke out（暴发）， many people 2.came down with（患……） it， and as a consequence, people got into a great panic. But fortunately, we had a team of doctors and nurses who rose to difficulties bravely. They 3.attended to（护理） patients regardless of their personal safety. 4.Over the course of（在……过程中）fighting the disease, Zhong Nanshan was 5.in charge of（负责）the medical team. Though it was hard to find out what 6.was to blame（应受责备） for the disease, the experts 7.were determined to（决心） get the disease under control 8.once and for all（彻底地）. Zhang Yu was greatly inspired, and both his parents 9.subscribed to（赞同） his decision. And he hopes he will 10.be capable of（能）helping others like his pioneers.
二、话题重现
There are many great 1.scientists（science） at home and abroad. Yuan Longping, the “father of hybrid rice”, and Einstein, 2.who proposed the theory of general relativity, are good examples. They have made great contributions to the progress of human beings and play 3.a great role in promoting 4.social（society） development.
Do you think you have what it takes 5.to be（be） a successful scientist Two of the essential qualities a scientist needs to have seem to be curiosity and creativity. People who are curious usually have a mixture of 6.seemingly（seeming） contradictory desires: They look for originality and yet they also want everything 7.in its proper place. 8.To settle（settle） the conflict between statistics and theories, scientists often have to be creative, and think outside the box—approach the problem from different directions. They must have a vivid imagination and strong intuition in order for new findings 9.to be made（make）. It echoes something the astronomer Carl Sagan once said. He believes that every child “starts out as a scientist” and every child is 10.gifted（gift） with the “sense of wonder and awe”.
三、写作提能
假设你是李华，收到好友John的邮件。John希望自己将来能成为一名科学家，因此向你咨询科学家需要具备哪些品质。请你给他回一封电子邮件。要点如下:
1.对John 的梦想表示支持; 2.科学家应具备的品质。
Dear John,
I am glad to learn that you hope to become a scientist in the future. To be a good scientist, you need to have multiple qualities and there are many aspects you should evaluate.
1.To begin with（首先）, scientists are usually knowledgeable, gifted and determined. Furthermore, they never 2.subscribe to an opinion（赞同一个观点） randomly and always 3.base their research on solid proof（把他们的研究建立在可靠的证据上）. Above all, they always keep it in mind to transform the world for the better.
Becoming a scientist is not easy. Stick to your dream and it will 4.become a reality（变成现实）.
Yours,
Li Hua
读后续写点对典
学好科学，造福人类
精彩表达 单句续写
under control （被）控制住 keep up with 跟上……的步伐 be exposed to 接触；面对 be up to 是……的职责；由……决定 in demand 需求大 be available to 供……使用 pave the way for为……铺平道路 enjoy continuous prosperity and more convenience 享有不断的繁荣和更多的便利 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①Thanks to the development of science and technology, human society has enjoyed continuous prosperity and more convenience. ②We should study hard to keep up with the rapid development of society and make more contributions to our country. ③Through tireless efforts, the doctors finally got the virus under control.
UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
词句默写1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. complex adj.复杂的;难懂的;（语法）复合的
2. recall vt.& vi.记起;回想起
3. presentation n.报告；陈述；出示；拿出
4. engage vi.参加；参与（活动）vt.吸引（注意力、兴趣）
5. firm n.公司;商行;事务所 adj.结实的;牢固的;坚定的
6. grasp vt.理解;领会;抓紧 7. expense n.费用;花费;开销
8. deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝 9. optimistic adj.乐观的
10. gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n.好处；增加 11. cooperate vi.合作;协作;配合
12. sincerely adv.真诚地;诚实地
阅读词汇
1. insight n.洞察力;眼光 2. setting n.环境;背景;（小说等的）情节背景
3. dramatic adj.巨大的;突然的;急剧的;喜剧（般）的 4. tremendous adj.巨大的;极大的
5. mature adj.成熟的 6. envoy n.使者;使节;代表
7. angle n.角;角度;立场 8. belt n.腰带;地带
9. budget n.预算 10. outcome n.结果;效果
11. tutor n.（英国大学中的）助教；导师；家庭教师 12. cite vt.引用；引述
拓展词汇
1. qualify vt.& vi.（使）具备资格;（使）合格→qualification n.（通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格;学历
2. ambition n.追求的目标;夙愿;野心;抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的;有雄心的
3. adapt vt.使适应;改编→adaptable adj.能适应的;可改变的→adaptation n.适应;改编本
4. comfort n.安慰;令人感到安慰的人或事物;舒服;安逸 vt.安慰;抚慰→comfortable adj.舒服的;自在的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的;不自在的→comfortably adv.舒服地;安逸地;容易地
5. participate vi.参加;参与→participant n.参加者;参与者→participationn.参加;参与
6. involvevt.包含；需要；涉及；影响;（使）参加→involved adj.有关联的；关系密切的；耗费很多时间的→involvement n.参与；插手；投入；沉迷
7. motivate vt.成为……的动机;激发;激励→motivated adj.积极的;主动的→motivation n.动力;积极性;动机
8. expect v.期望;预期;期待→expectation n.期望;预期;期待→unexpected adj.出乎意料的→unexpectedly adv.始料不及地；意外地
9. apply vt.& vi.申请;应用→applicant n.申请人→application n.应用;申请;申请表
10. expose vt.使接触;使体验;显露;使暴露于（险境）→exposedadj.无保护的;无遮蔽的→exposure n.接触;体验;暴露;揭露
11. depart v.离开;启程;出发→departure n.离开;启程;出发
12. behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体;有礼貌→behaviour n.行为;举动
13. surround v.包围;围绕→surrounding adj.周围的;附近的→surroundings n.[pl.]环境;周围的事物
14. depress vt.使沮丧;使忧愁→depressed adj.沮丧的;意志消沉的→depressing adj.令人沮丧的→depression n.沮丧;抑郁;萧条
15. strong adj.强壮的→strength n.力量;力气→strengthen vi.& vt.加强;增强;巩固
petence n.能力;胜任;本领→competent adj.有能力的;称职的
17. logic n.逻辑（学）;思维方式→logical adj.合乎逻辑的;合情合理的→logically adv.逻辑地
2 高频短语
1. participate in参加；参与 2. speak up大声点说;明确表态
3. feel at home舒服自在;不拘束 4. engage in（使）从事;参与
5. get involved in参与;卷入;与……有关联 6. culture shock文化冲击
7. comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围 8. cost an arm and a leg（使）花一大笔钱
9. side with支持;站在……的一边 10. as far as I know据我所知
11. as far as I am concerned就我而言;依我看来
12. in summary总的来说;总之 13. generally speaking一般来说
3 经典句型
1. It was the first time that she had left China（离开中国）.（某人第几次做……）
2. I didn’t know what to expect（会发生什么）...（疑问词＋不定式）
3. ... but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class（发现自己能在课堂上大胆发言了）after just a few weeks.（find+宾语+宾补）
4. A final point to consider is that while studying abroaddoes have potential benefits（确实有潜在的好处）, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! （强调谓语）
5. All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all（同时增强中国实力，打造人类命运共同体）.（状语从句的省略）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
My friend Xie Lei recalled her complex experience of studying abroad. Xie Lei originally studied for a business 1.qualification（qualify） at a university in China. She is an 2.ambitious（ambition） girl, and her ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation. She chose to live with a host family for her 3.adaptation（adapt） to the new culture. Her college tutor was very strict and advised her to form her own opinion instead of citing others’. Besides, she found students’ 4.participation（participate） included in the final result. At first, she felt culture shock from a foreign country, and had overwhelming homesickness. But later she stepped out of her 5.comfort zone（舒适区）, and she became more motivated. Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei finds herself 6.speaking up（大声发言） in class and feels much more 7.at home. In addition to studying hard, she 8.involves（involve） in social activities, where she engages 9.in British culture as well as spreading Chinese culture, thus acting as a 10.cultural messenger（文化信使）.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. Originally, Hatfield had been intended as a leisure complex. 建筑群
2. The company has recalled all the faulty hairdryers.收回，召回（残缺货品等）
3. I want to qualify what I said earlier—I didn’t mean he couldn’t do the job, only that he would need supervision. 使所说的话更具体
4. He was cited for bravery. 嘉奖；表彰；表扬
5. She has the ability to engage with young people.与……建立密切关系；尽力理解
词性变换
1. An ambitious（ambition）project to establish a human colony on Mars has appealed to tens of thousands of people from around the world.
2. [2020新高考Ⅰ]People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable（comfort）.
3. [2020新高考Ⅰ]The participants（participate）followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.
4. [2020新高考Ⅰ]Always make your presentation（present） just a bit shorter than anticipated.
5. [2019课标全国Ⅱ改编]Without motivation（motivate）， you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
6. Ifirmly（firm）believe that we will provide an excellent performance in the next match with you on the team.
7. [2021山东潍坊一模]As Johnson settles into his new surroundings（surround）, he will continue to spread his message of hope and inspiration.
8. [2020天津改编]Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression（depress） and even crimes, but it can be prevented in a clever way.
9. Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength（strong）, but also develop one’s character.
10. Being convinced of his own competence（competent） is an important factor in his success.
短语串烧
Recently, because of job changes, Li Hua’s father moved to another city. As a consequence, Li Hua 1.said goodbye to（告别） the life he 2.was familiar with（熟悉） and transferred to another school. There he found it hard to 3.adapt to（适应）a whole new life. Learning about that, his former classmate wrote to give him some suggestions. To begin with, he was advised to 4.participate in（参加）after-class activities, which can 5.act as（作为） a bridge to communicating with others. Furthermore, it is wise to 6.be involved in（参与） the class activities the teachers organize and 7.speak up（大声发言）when called on by the teachers. 8.In summary（总的来说）， Li Hua quite agreed with this. Only if we step out of our 9.comfort zone（舒适区） can we really 10.feel at home（舒适自在）in our new environment.
二、话题重现
In recent years,1.studying（study） abroad has been popular. A large number of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study.
There are many advantages of studying abroad. To begin with, students studying abroad can expose 2.themselves（they） to the language and 3.surroundings（surround） there, 4.which is beneficial to learning the foreign language well. 5.Inaddition, they can introduce Chinese culture to people all over the world.
6.However, there are some disadvantages. Studying abroad means costing 7.an arm and a leg. What’s more, 8.being（be） far away from their home countries, they may feel lonely and homesick.
As far as I am 9.concerned（concern）, studying abroad is a good idea. Firstly, it can make the students more 10.independent（depend） and learn to cooperate with others. Secondly, they can make friends with people from all over the world.
三、写作提能
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎； 2.推荐他上哪所大学； 3.建议他做哪些准备工作。
Dear Jim，
I’m happy to hear from you. Welcome to Beijing for your study!
1.Since you have long been interested in Chinese culture（既然你对中国文化感兴趣由来已久）, I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you. The university is known for its language and culture courses 2.intended for international students（为国际留学生设计的）. I believe you will have a rewarding experience there.
To be frank, 3.studying for a degree in a different culture（在一个不同的文化里攻读学位） is never easy. You’d better learn some basic Chinese before you come. That way, you may 4.adapt to the life here（适应这里的生活） in Beijing soon.
If you have any other questions, do let me know.
Yours，
Li Hua
读后续写点对典
独在异乡的愁苦
精彩表达 单句续写
breakdown n.情绪崩溃 never make friends easily 从不容易交朋友 like a spear piercing my heart像一把长矛刺进我的心脏 be numb with misery 痛苦得麻木了 can’t help sobbing 禁不住啜泣起来 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①Inever made friends easily, and for a time I did little more than get on speaking terms with some boys. ②I found nothing in my pocket, a fact that seemed like a spear piercing my heart which started to bleed immediately.
UNIT3 FOOD AND CULTURE
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. prior adj.先前的；优先的
2. consist vi.由……组成
3. stuff vt.填满；把……塞进 n.东西；物品
4. temper n.脾气;火气
5. somewhat adv.有点;稍微
6. chew vi.& vt.咀嚼;嚼碎 n.咀嚼
7. modest adj.些许的;谦虚的;朴素的
8. trick n.诀窍;计谋;把戏
9. overall adv.总体上;大致上 adj.全面的;综合的
10. ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的 n.理想；完美的人（或事物）
阅读词汇
1. cuisine n.菜肴;风味;烹饪
2. recipe n.烹饪法;食谱
3. bold adj.大胆自信的;敢于冒险的
4. vegetarian n.素食者
5. brand n.品牌
6. ingredient n.（尤指烹饪）材料;成分
7. canteen n.食堂;餐厅
8. cafeteria n.自助餐厅;自助食堂
9. pearl n.珍珠
10. category n.类别;种类
11. vitamin n.维生素
12. fibre n.纤维;纤维制品
13. calorie n.卡路里（热量单位）
拓展词汇
1. elegant adj.精美的;讲究的;文雅的→elegantly adv.优美地→elegance n.典雅
2. exceptional adj.特别的;罕见的→exception n.例外;一般情况以外的人（或事物）→except prep.除……之外 conj.除了;只是
3. consume vt.吃;喝;饮;消耗→consumption n.消费→consumable adj.供消耗的；会用尽的→consumer n.消费者；顾客；用户
4. stable adj.稳定的;稳重的→unstable adj.不稳定的；易变的；变化莫测的→stably adv.平稳地;坚固地→stability n.稳定（性）；稳固（性）→stabilize v.（使）稳定；稳固
5. association n.协会;关联→associate v.联系;交往→associated adj.有关联的；相关的
6. fundamental adj.根本的;基础的;基本的 n.基本规律;根本法则→fundamentally adv.根本上;完全地
7. consistent adj.一致的;连续的→consistently adv.一贯地
2 高频短语
1. prior to在……之前的
2. consist of由……组成（或构成）
3. slice... off切下
4. regardless of不管;不顾
5. a case in point恰当的例子
6. be stuffed with塞满
7. play a trick on捉弄
8. be limited to限定在……范围
9. cut off切断（供给） 10. in cash用现金
3 经典句型
1. For example, America’s most popular Chinese dish is General Tso’s chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers（撒着甜酱，用红辣椒调味）.（过去分词作定语）
2. Tired, hungry（疲惫不堪，饥肠辘辘），and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order...（形容词作状语）
3. ... so we just atewhatever was left（任何剩下的）in the university canteen.（宾语从句）
4. We’ll need ten months at least to have the restaurant decorated（装修餐厅）.（have sth. done ）
5. It is up to you（由你决定）to decide how you want to live, and to make the right decisions about your diet.（it作形式主语）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
We are what we eat. Put it 1.simply（simple）, it actually refers to personality, character, and culture. Chinese cuisine is 2.a case in point（恰当的例子）. Prior 3.to coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed to suit American tastes, which tells us that Americans like trying new foods. Later, my family and I visited China and experienced 4.authentic Chinese food（地道的中国菜）. In Beijing, we had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. It was wonderful but what was even more important was the friendship. In Shandong Province, we experienced 5.boiled（boil） dumplings served with vinegar. I found making dumplings is always an affair with the whole family joining in to help. In central China, I experienced the 6.exceptional （exception） stewed noodles in Henan. Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. 7.At a minimum, the kinds of food 8.consumed （consume） by local people tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead, and 9.what they like and do not like. All in all, culture and cuisine go hand 10.in hand, and if you do not experience one, you can never really know the other.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义 1. He peppered his speech with jokes. 加入;插入
2. What’s her recipe for success？ 方法；秘诀；诀窍
3. Our firm is well placed to grab a large slice of the market.份额
4. Julie was consumed with guilt. 使充满（强烈的感情）
5. Justice must be tempered with mercy. 使缓和；使温和
词性变换
1. [2020新高考Ⅰ]Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent（consist）basis.
2. Industrialized countries should reduce their energy consumption（consume）.
3. Financial security was high on his list of priorities（prior）.
4. [2020课标全国Ⅲ]We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional（exception） museum in Shanghai.
5. I’ve learned that the English Association （associate） of our school is now in need of some volunteers to receive foreign students visiting our school.
6. Regardless （regard） of your choice of courses, you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively.
7. His writing combines elegance（elegant） with wit.
短语串烧
Huang Dong has just received his health examination report, which has many confusing medical terms. 1.Put simply（简单来说），there is something wrong with his health, which is closely 2.related to（与……相关） his eating habits. 3.Prior to（在……之前） receiving the report, what he consumed every day 4.consisted of（由……组成） junk food. But now it is high time that he should make a change. The doctor advised him to 5.cut down on（削减） desserts and fried food. In addition, he should also keep 6.a balanced diet（均衡饮食）.
7.As with（和……一样） everything in life, moderation is the key. Actually, there is not 8.a trick to（……的诀窍）healthy eating. Having a healthy attitude towards food and using food mostly for nutrition, you are 9.on the right track（思路对头） with your diet. Besides, to stay healthy, doing exercise is equally important.10.At a minimum（至少）， twenty minutes’ modest amount of exercise is advised.
二、话题重现
What makes up a healthy diet Scientists have found that the real driver of poor health is sugar rather 1.than so much fatty food. This is true 2.regardless（regard） of how healthy the rest of people’s diet might be. So if you want to be healthy, you have to cut down on desserts.
Beyond this, you can keep healthy by consuming different 3.categories（category） of fresh foods, especially fruit and vegetables. It is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products, 4.which provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth. The ideal diet is a 5.balanced（balance） one, without too much or too little of anything.
Finally, a fundamental key to healthy eating is to eat 6.slowly（slow）, which allows your body 7.to digest（digest） your food better. In addition,consistent eating habits like taking three meals a day at 8.the same time and eating a modest amount of food each time 9.are（be） good for your health.
There is no one trick 10.to healthy eating. It is important to have a healthy attitude towards food. It is up to you to make the right decisions about your diet.
三、写作提能
假如你是班长，你所在班级中的一些同学有不良的饮食习惯，请你在下午的班会上发表演讲，号召同学们养成健康的饮食习惯。
内容包括: 1.简述健康饮食的重要性; 2.指出不良饮食现象:不吃早餐、吃零食、挑食和暴饮暴食等;
3.提出如何养成健康饮食习惯的建议。
Dear classmates,
Good afternoon! I feel honored to deliver a speech here. As we all know, 1.we are what we eat（人如其食）. Therefore, it’s very important for us 2.to form healthy eating habits（养成健康的饮食习惯）.
However, bad eating habits are still very common among us students. Some of us often go to school without eating breakfast, some like to have snacks, some are particular about food, and some eat or drink too much. All these bad habits will surely 3.do harm to our health（损害我们的健康）.
4.From my point of view（在我看来）, we should have various foods in order to keep fit, which generally include modest amounts of fish, meat, fruit and so on. Besides, we’d better have meals regularly, and we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. 5.Only in this way can we have enough energy（只有这样我们才能有足够的能量） to study better.
That’s all. Thank you!
让人垂涎欲滴的美食
精彩表达 单句续写
delicious adj.美味的;可口的 tasty adj.可口的 appetizing adj.引起食欲的；开胃的 mouth-watering adj.令人垂涎的 nutrients n.营养 be rich in 富含 a flavor balance 味觉的均衡 a symbol of...……的象征 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①Additionally, it isdelicious as well as nutritious since it is rich in plant protein. ②Noodles are a symbol of long life in Chinese culture. ③A healthy diet should include a variety of food, most of which should be rich in nutrients.
UNIT4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
词1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. awesome adj.令人惊叹的;可怕的;很好的
2. arise vi.起身;出现;由……引起
3. breath n.呼吸的空气
4. highlight n.最好或最精彩的部分 vt.突出;强调;使醒目
5. anticipate vt.预料；预见；期望
6. bunch n.束;串;捆
7. contrary adj.相反的；相对立的 n.相反的事实（或事情）
8. owe vt.欠（账、债、情等）
9. bound adj.准备前往（某地）；一定会
10. accent n.口音
阅读词汇
1. idiom n.习语；成语
2. peak n.顶峰;山峰;尖形
3. anyhow adv.（结束交谈或转换话题时）不过;反正
4. proceed vi.行进;继续做
5. craft n.手艺；工艺；技艺
6. duration n.持续时间；期间
7. scenery n.风景；景色
8. steel n.钢；钢铁工业
拓展词汇
1. pleasant adj.令人愉快的;友好的→please v.使愉快;使满意→pleased adj.满意;高兴;愉快→pleasure n.高兴；愉快；欣慰
2. massive adj.巨大的;非常严重的→mass n.块,团;大量
3. literally adv.字面上;真正地→literal adj.字面意义的
4. breath n.呼吸的空气→breathless adj.（令人）气喘吁吁的;（令人）屏息的→breathe v.呼吸
5. freeze vi.& vt.结冰;（使）冻住→freezing adj.极冷的;冰冻的→frozen adj.冷冻的；极冷；冰封的；吓呆；
6. anticipate vt.预料;预见;期望→anticipation n.预期;期盼
7. astonish vt.使十分惊讶;使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的→astonished adj.感到十分惊讶→astonishment n.惊讶；惊异
8. mist n.薄雾;水汽→misty adj.多雾的;模糊的
9. advertisement n.广告;启事→advertiser n.广告商→advertise v.（为……）做广告;登广告
10. thunder n.雷声；轰隆声vi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动→thunderous adj.雷鸣般的；声音很大的；怒容满面的；面色阴沉的；怒气冲冲的
11. frost n.霜；严寒天气；霜冻 vt.使蒙上霜 vi.结霜→frosty adj.严寒的；霜冻的；结霜的；冷淡的；冷若冰霜的
12. photograph n.照片；相片vt.拍照；照相vi.上相；上镜→photographer n.摄影师；拍照者→photography n.照相术；摄影→photographic adj.摄影的；摄制的；照片的
2 高频短语
1. take sb.’s breath away令人惊叹
2. freezing cold极冷的；冻僵的
3. a bunch of一束;一串;一群;大量
4. contrary to相反的;相对立的
5. proceed to sth.进而做（参加）
6. owe sth. to sb.欠（某人情）；把……归功于某人
3 经典句型
1. Rather than travel by commercial airline all the way（而不是一路乘坐商业航班）, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train.（rather than连接两个并列成分）
2. During their first day,as is typical of Vancouver（温哥华一如既往）,it rained.（as引导非限制性定语从句）
3. There are fantastic restaurants and clubs（那里有很棒的餐馆和俱乐部） around, too.（there be句型）
4. The bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange, and there was frost on the ground, confirming that autumn had arrived in Canada（表明加拿大已进入秋季）.（现在分词作结果状语）
5. It was not until 9:30 a.m.（直到上午九点半）that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.（强调）
6. ... they were astonished to see misty clouds rising（看到薄雾升腾而起）from the great Niagara Falls...（不定式作原因状语）
阅读下面短文，给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Li Daiyu and her cousin Liu Qian went to Canada to visit their cousins in Halifax on the Atlantic coast. They decided to fly to Vancouver and then 1.to cross（cross） the whole country by train. Before starting out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver. Then they took the train to Lake Louise where the blue water literally 2.took their breath away（令她们惊叹不已） with its exceptional beauty. Later, they took a coach 3.bound north（向北行驶） to Jasper. On the way, they enjoyed spectacular mountain 4.peaks（peak）and forests, seeing many different creatures, including deer, mountain goats and so on. From Jasper, they caught the train towards Toronto. They passed through Edmonton, the centre of Canada’s huge oil and gas 5.drilling（drill） industry, which is 6.freezing cold（极冷的）in winter. From Edmonton, the train headed southeast across the great Canadian Prairie, going through two wheat-growing provinces. They didn’t anticipate 7.seeing （see） such an open country, and were truly amazed. After another day on the train, they arrived in Winnipeg. The train 8.thundered（thunder） on and the bushes and maple trees outside their windows were red, gold, and orange. Finally they reached Toronto. 9.All in all（总而言之）,their trip from Vancouver to Toronto was a 10.pleasant（please） experience.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义 1. The referee’s decision left the crowd baying for blood.厉声强要
2. He knew how to win by craft and diplomacy what he could not gain by force.计谋
3. The peasants arose against their masters.群起反对；奋起斗争
4. I literally jumped out of my skin.简直
5. Oil production peaked in the early 1980s.达到高峰；达到最高值
词性变换
1. It is freezing（freeze） cold outside, so you’d better put on more clothes.
2. In anticipation（anticipate）of bad weather, they take plenty of warm clothes.
3. To our astonishment（astonish）, he ran 1,000 meters at an astonishing speed.
4. The TV organizers put an advertisement（advertise） in a newspaper looking for rock musicians who could act as well as sing.
5. His excellent performance won him thunderous（thunder）applause.
6. The latest proposals were given a frosty（frost） reception.
7. His hobbies include hiking and photography（photograph）.
短语串烧
My husband and I both like travelling. During the National Day holiday, 1.rather than（而不是）go on a package trip, we 2.decided on（决定） a road trip 3.bound for（准备前往） Qingyunshan Scenic Spot. However, on the day we started out, as 4.is typical of（是……的典型特征） this season, it rained. We thought our journey would be ruined. On our arrival, 5.contrary to（与……相反） our anticipation, the scenery after the rain was exceptionally beautiful, and it immediately 6.took our breath away（令人惊叹）. Everywhere we went, we were greeted with beautiful flowers and the sweet songs of happy birds. We really enjoyed ourselves.
二、话题重现
Travel means lots of opportunities to force yourself to be active. When you travel, you want to try a new form of exercise and see all worth 1.seeing（see）. You’re more likely 2.to attempt（attempt） a new sport, walk on sand, or hike to get the best view of your 3.surroundings（surround）. So you see that travel is really good for your health.
Travel can lower stress levels. This might not come as 4.a big surprise to you, but it’s been 5.scientifically（scientific） proven that travel will increase your happiness, decrease your depression, and remove your pressure.
Travel improves your brain health. Travel expands your mind. You meet new people all over the world. You adapt 6.to new cultures and situations.7.Therefore, you become more globally and culturally aware. This is all good for your mental health 8.becausenew experiences increase cognitive flexibility, keeping your mind sharp.
Travel will decrease the risk of developing heart disease. That’s because people who wander away from their homes for a vacation are generally less stressed and anxious, or at least they’re willing 9.to take（take） a break from their stressors （压力源）.
Travel will let you live longer. It’s true that those who travel often tend 10.to increase（increase） the length of their lives. Research shows that travel reduces stress, keeps your body healthy inside and outside, and improves brain health. This adds to the chance of living longer and having fun.
三、写作提能
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 David 发电子邮件询问你和表妹的加拿大之行。请你根据以下要点提示回复一封邮件。内容包括: 1.旅游地点及主要活动; 2.建议 David 去加拿大旅游。
Dear David,
In your last email, you asked about my travel in Canada with my cousin. I’d really like to share my pleasant trip with you.
During the travel, we visited a good many cities and their tourist attractions. We first arrived in Vancouver, where we went shopping for gifts and then went hiking. Then we took the train through the Canadian Rockies. 1.The scenery along the way（沿途的风光） was spectacular—massive forests and mountains, beautiful blue lakes, and all kinds of animals. Then we 2.proceeded with the trip（继续旅行） to Toronto, where we went to the CN Tower. We were astonished because we could 3.see misty clouds rising（看见薄雾升腾而起） from the Niagara Falls. All of the scenery 4.took our breath away（令我们叹为观止）.
In my opinion, if you’re free, you can go to Canada for your holiday one day. 5.You are bound to have great fun（你一定会玩得非常高兴） there.
Yours,
Li Hua读后续写点对典
读后续写：旅行让我们领略大自然的美
精彩表达 单句续写
fragrant roses 芳香的玫瑰 soft but cold 轻柔却寒冷 the faint sound of water 潺潺的水声 lumps of clouds 一团团云朵 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①The wind, soft but cold，clicked through tree branches and stirred the bushes that sprinkled the slope. ②The sky was a curdled grey burdened with lumps of clouds.
UNIT5 FIRST AID
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. victim n.受害者;患者
2. loose adj.松的;未系紧的;宽松的
3. wrap vt.包、裹;（用手臂等）围住
4. slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜走n.滑倒；小错误；纸条
5. elderly adj.年纪较大的；上了年纪的（婉辞）
6. ambulance n.救护车
7. delay vi.& vt.推迟;延期（做某事）vt.耽误;耽搁n.延误;耽搁（的时间）;推迟
8. bleed vi.流血；失血
9. panic v.（使）惊慌 n.惊恐；恐惧
10. grab vt.抓住；攫取n.抓取；抢夺
11. tight adj.牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的 adv.紧紧地;牢固地
阅读词汇
1. millimetre n.毫米;千分之一米
2. leaflet n.散页印刷品；传单；小册子
3. layer n.层;表层;层次
4. bathtub n.浴缸;浴盆
5. mosquito n.蚊子
6. carpet n.地毯
7. ankle n.踝;踝关节
8. choke vi.& vt.（使）窒息；（使）哽咽
9. welfare n.幸福;福祉;安康;福利
10. collapse vi.（突然）倒塌；（因病等）昏倒
11. manual n.使用手册；说明书 adj.用手的；手工的；体力的；手控的
12. suburb n.郊区；城外
拓展词汇
1. minor adj.较小的;次要的;轻微的→minority n.少数;少数民族
2. swell vi.膨胀;肿胀→swollen adj.（身体部位）肿起的;肿胀的
3. urge v.催促→urgent adj.紧急的;急迫的;急切的→urgently adv.紧急地→urgency n.紧急
4. ease vt.& vi.（使）宽慰；缓解；减轻 n.容易；舒适；自在→easy adj.容易的；轻易的；不费力的→easily adv.容易地；轻易地；不费力地
5. bath n.洗澡;浴缸;浴盆 vt.给……洗澡→bathe v.洗澡;游泳
6. operator n.电话接线员;操作员→operate v.动手术→operation n.手术
7. interrupt vt.& vi.打断；打扰vt.使暂停；使中断→interruption n.阻断物；中断时间；打扰；插嘴；打岔
8. desperate adj.绝望的;孤注一掷的;非常需要的→desperately adv.绝望地;极度地→desperation n.绝望
9. practice v.实践→practice n.& v.实践→practical adj.切实可行的;实际的;实践的→practically adv.实际地→impractical adj.不切实际的
10. motion n.运动；移动→motionless adj.静止的
2 高频短语
1. sense of touch触觉
2. help sb. to one’s feet帮助某人站起身来
3. face up/down面朝上（朝下）
4. sleep in迟起;睡过头;睡懒觉
5. out of shape健康状况不好
3 经典句型
1. As you can imagine（正如你所想的那样）,getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries.（as引导定语从句）
2. You can get burnt by a variety of things（各种东西都会造成烧伤）: hot liquids,steam,fire,radiation,the sun,electricity,acids,or other chemicals.（“get+过去分词”构成的被动结构）
3. Burns are divided into three types,depending on the depth of skin damage（依据皮肤损伤的深度）.4. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary（如有必要）,unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.
5. Doing the Heimlich manoeuvre（实施海姆利希急救法）is quick, practical, and easy.（动名词短语作主语）
阅读下面短文，给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
The skin, which 1.acts as（起……作用）a barrier against disease, toxins and the sun’s 2.rays（ray）, is an essential part of your body and is its largest organ. You have three layers of skin whose functions are very complex: it warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your 3.sense of touch（触觉）. So if your skin 4.gets burnt（被烧伤）, it can be very serious. Giving first aid is the first and most important step in the treatment of burns.
Burns are divided into three types, 5.depending on（根据） the depth of skin damage. Different degrees of burns have different characteristics. When 6.giving first aid（实施急救） in the treatment of burns, you can remove clothing using scissors 7.if necessary（如有必要）, unless the fabric 8.is stuck（stick） to the burnt skin. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still 9.breathe（breath）. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, it is urgent 10.to take（take） him/her to the hospital at once.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. She plays the organ in church.管风琴
2. There was just one small ray of hope.（好事或所希望事物的）一点，少量
3. It is an offence to serve alcohol to minors.未成年人
4. We had a swell time.很愉快的；极有趣的
5. You’re going to have to swallow your pride and ask for your job back.不流露；掩饰；抑制
词性变换 1. Through our joint efforts the hillside was lined with rows of seedlings, bathed（bath）in the sunshine.
2. She gave me a tight （tightly） hug and broke down.
3. She stood absolutely motionless（motion）.
4. Only a minority（minor） of chefs are women in cafeterias.
5. The athlete took some exercise to loosen（loose） his muscles before running.
6. We should keep calm in the face of urgency（urgent）.
7. The patient is coming along well after the operation（operate）.
8. Press firmly on the wound to stop the bleeding（bleed）.
9. The birth of her son was a minor interruption（interrupt） to her career.
10. He looked around in desperation（desperate） for someone to help.
短语串烧 In our daily life, if someone is drowning, you can 1.act as（担任）a doctor or nurse to 2.prevent him from dying（阻止他死亡）. If he has drunk too much water, you should first make him 3.face down（面朝下） and 4.force the water out（把水弄出来）. But when you 5.give first aid（实施急救）to him, you should 6.depend on（依据）the situation of the victim to take 7.a variety of（各种各样的） methods to help him, or it may 8.lead to（导致） death. You can’t 9.help him to his feet（帮助他站起身来）until you 10.make sure（确保） he is OK.
二、话题重现
In our daily life, there exist many dangers of different types, so it is vital 1.to know（know） the basic facts of first aid, 2.which can help you save lives, 3.including（include） yours. When you find yourself in 4.the middle of an emergency situation, it is best to know how to deal with the situation. The following are some common dangerous situations.
First-Degree Burns
First-degree burns affect only the top few millimetres of the skin. 5.To treat（treat） them, wash the wound with running water easily. After cleaning the burn, applying an ice pack or a cold compress（敷布） is very 6.effective（effect）.
Bee Stings
If you 7.are stung（sting） by a bee, you must remove the stinger. After removing the stinger, wash the wound and apply a cold compress. If you are allergic, try to contact emergency services as soon as possible.
Eye Injuries
When you hurt 8.yourself（you）, the first thing you should do is clean the wound. However, when you hurt your eyes, the most important thing is 9.to cover（cover） your eyes and seek help.
Snake Bites
In television shows and movies, when someone is bitten by a poisonous snake, their first reaction is to suck the wound. Actually, the poison has already entered the person’s bloodstream, so that doesn’t help. When you get a snake bite, the most important step is to stay relaxed. Contact emergency services immediately 10.to obtain（obtain） the appropriate treatment.
三、写作提能
假设你是李华，你们学校的英语网站正面向全校学生征集有关急救常识方面内容的英文稿，请你根据以下提示向网站投稿。内容要点如下: 1.急救知识的重要性; 2.遇到事故时的做法。
If you have some 1.knowledge of first aid（急救知识）, there is no doubt that you can save someone’s life before a doctor comes.
When you meet someone injured, firstly you’d better 2.keep him/her where he/she is（让他/她待在原地）. If a person is bleeding badly, press a clean handkerchief or a piece of cloth on the bleeding point and hold it there 3.if necessary（如有必要）. If a person is suffering from gas poisoning, open the doors and windows to 4.let the fresh air in（让新鲜空气进来） as quickly as possible. If someone eats or drinks poison by mistake, 5.it is vital to（……是很重要的） take him/her and the poison to the hospital at once.
If you can do as you are told, you will certainly save many people’s lives.
读后续写点对典读后续写：临“危”不惧
精彩表达 单句续写
in desperation 绝望地 cold and hungry 又冷又饿 shout for help 大喊救命 A thick burning smell filled the air.空气里弥漫着浓浓的烧焦的味道。 A cloud of thick smoke greeted him.一阵浓烟向他扑面而来。 The flame was reaching up.火势越来越大。 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate, a cloud of thick smoke greeted him. ②In desperation， I suddenly caught sight of some boats with lifeguards coming in our direction. ③He struggled, and shouted for help， but all in vain.UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. complex adj.复杂的;难懂的;（语法）复合的 2. recall vt.& vi.记起;回想起
3. presentation n.报告；陈述；出示；拿出 4. engage vi.参加；参与（活动）vt.吸引（注意力、兴趣）
5. firm n.公司;商行;事务所 adj.结实的;牢固的;坚定的 6. grasp vt.理解;领会;抓紧
7. expense n.费用;花费;开销 8. deny vt.否认；否定；拒绝
9. optimistic adj.乐观的 10. gain vt.获得；赢得；取得；增加 n.好处；增加
11. cooperate vi.合作;协作;配合 12. sincerely adv.真诚地;诚实地
阅读词汇
1. insight n.洞察力;眼光 2. setting n.环境;背景;（小说等的）情节背景
3. dramatic adj.巨大的;突然的;急剧的;喜剧（般）的 4. tremendous adj.巨大的;极大的
5. mature adj.成熟的 6. envoy n.使者;使节;代表
7. angle n.角;角度;立场 8. belt n.腰带;地带 9. budget n.预算 10. outcome n.结果;效果
11. tutor n.（英国大学中的）助教；导师；家庭教师 12. cite vt.引用；引述
拓展词汇
1. qualify vt.& vi.（使）具备资格;（使）合格→qualification n.（通过考试或学习课程取）资格;学历
2. ambition n.追求的目标;夙愿;野心;抱负→ambitious adj.有野心的;有雄心的
3. adapt vt.使适应;改编→adaptable adj.能适应的;可改变的→adaptation n.适应;改编本
4. comfort n.安慰;令人感到安慰的人或事物;舒服;安逸 vt.安慰;抚慰→comfortable adj.舒服的;自在的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的;不自在的→comfortably adv.舒服地;安逸地;容易地
5. participate vi.参加;参与→participant n.参加者;参与者→participationn.参加;参与
6. involvevt.包含；需要；涉及；影响;（使）参加→involved adj.有关联的；关系密切的；耗费很多时间的→involvement n.参与；插手；投入；沉迷
7. motivate vt.成为…的动机;激发;激励→motivated adj.积极的;主动的→motivation n.动力;积极性;动机
8. expect v.期望;预期;期待→expectation n.期望;预期;期待→unexpected adj.出乎意料的→unexpectedly adv.始料不及地；意外地
9. apply vt.& vi.申请;应用→applicant n.申请人→application n.应用;申请;申请表
10. expose vt.使接触;使体验;显露;使暴露于（险境）→exposed adj.无保护的;无遮蔽的→exposure n.接触;体验;暴露;揭露
11. depart v.离开;启程;出发→departure n.离开;启程;出发
12. behave vt.表现 vi.& vt.表现得体;有礼貌→behaviour n.行为;举动
13. surround v.包围;围绕→surrounding adj.周围的;附近的→surroundings n.[pl.]环境;周围的事物
14. depress vt.使沮丧;使忧愁→depressed adj.沮丧的;意志消沉的→depressing adj.令人沮丧的→depression n.沮丧;抑郁;萧条
15. strong adj.强壮的→strength n.力量;力气→strengthen vi.& vt.加强;增强;巩固
petence n.能力;胜任;本领→competent adj.有能力的;称职的
17. logic n.逻辑（学）;思维方式→logical adj.合乎逻辑的;合情合理的→logically adv.逻辑地
2 高频短语
1. participate in参加；参与 2. speak up大声点说;明确表态
3. feel at home舒服自在;不拘束 4. engage in（使）从事;参与
5. get involved in参与;卷入;与……有关联 6. culture shock文化冲击
7. comfort zone舒适区；舒适范围 8. cost an arm and a leg（使）花一大笔钱
9. side with支持;站在……的一边 10. as far as I know据我所知
11. as far as I am concerned就我而言;依我看来 12. in summary总的来说;总之
13. generally speaking一般来说
3 经典句型
1. It was the first time that she had left China（离开中国）.（某人第几次做……）
2. I didn’t know what to expect（会发生什么）...（疑问词＋不定式）
3. ... but what surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class（发现自己能在课堂上大胆发言了）after just a few weeks.（find+宾语+宾补）
4. A final point to consider is that while studying abroaddoes have potential benefits（确实有潜在的好处）, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! （强调谓语）
5. All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all（同时增强中国实力，打造人类命运共同体）.（状语从句的省略）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
My friend Xie Lei recalled her complex experience of studying abroad. Xie Lei originally studied for a business 1.qualification（qualify） at a university in China. She is an 2.ambitious（ambition） girl, and her ambition is to set up a business in China after graduation. She chose to live with a host family for her 3.adaptation（adapt） to the new culture. Her college tutor was very strict and advised her to form her own opinion instead of citing others’. Besides, she found students’ 4.participation（participate） included in the final result. At first, she felt culture shock from a foreign country, and had overwhelming homesickness. But later she stepped out of her 5.comfort zone（舒适区）, and she became more motivated. Now halfway through her exchange year, Xie Lei finds herself 6.speaking up（大声发言） in class and feels much more 7.at home. In addition to studying hard, she 8.involves（involve） in social activities, where she engages 9.in British culture as well as spreading Chinese culture, thus acting as a 10.cultural messenger（文化信使）.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. Originally, Hatfield had been intended as a leisure complex. 建筑群
2. The company has recalled all the faulty hairdryers.收回，召回（残缺货品等）
3. I want to qualify what I said earlier—I didn’t mean he couldn’t do the job, only that he would need supervision. 使所说的话更具体
4. He was cited for bravery. 嘉奖；表彰；表扬
5. She has the ability to engage with young people.与……建立密切关系；尽力理解
词性变换
1. An ambitious（ambition）project to establish a human colony on Mars has appealed to tens of thousands of people from around the world.
2. [2020新高考Ⅰ]People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable（comfort）.
3. [2020新高考Ⅰ]The participants（participate）followed suit, taking more food than they normally would have.
4. [2020新高考Ⅰ]Always make your presentation（present） just a bit shorter than anticipated.
5. [2019课标全国Ⅱ改编]Without motivation（motivate）， you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
6. I firmly（firm）believe that we will provide an excellent performance in the next match with you on the team.
7. As Johnson settles into his new surroundings（surround）, he will continue to spread his message of inspiration.
8. [2020天津改编]Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression（depress） and even crimes, but it can be prevented in a clever way.
9. Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength（strong）, but also develop one’s character.
10. Being convinced of his own competence（competent） is an important factor in his success.
短语串烧 Recently, because of job changes, Li Hua’s father moved to another city. As a consequence, Li Hua 1.said goodbye to（告别） the life he 2.was familiar with（熟悉） and transferred to another school. There he found it hard to 3.adapt to（适应）a whole new life. Learning about that, his former classmate wrote to give him some suggestions. To begin with, he was advised to 4.participate in（参加）after-class activities, which can 5.act as（作为） a bridge to communicating with others. Furthermore, it is wise to 6.be involved in（参与） the class activities the teachers organize and 7.speak up（大声发言）when called on by the teachers. 8.In summary（总的来说）， Li Hua quite agreed with this. Only if we step out of our 9.comfort zone（舒适区） can we really 10.feel at home（舒适自在）in our new environment.
二、话题重现
In recent years,1.studying（study） abroad has been popular. A large number of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study.
There are many advantages of studying abroad. To begin with, students studying abroad can expose 2.themselves（they） to the language and 3.surroundings（surround） there, 4.which is beneficial to learning the foreign language well. 5.Inaddition, they can introduce Chinese culture to people all over the world.
6.However, there are some disadvantages. Studying abroad means costing 7.an arm and a leg. What’s more, 8.being（be） far away from their home countries, they may feel lonely and homesick.
As far as I am 9.concerned（concern）, studying abroad is a good idea. Firstly, it can make the students more 10.independent（depend） and learn to cooperate with others. Secondly, they can make friends with people from all over the world.
三、写作提能 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国文化感兴趣，计划明年来北京上大学。他向你咨询相关信息。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎； 2.推荐他上哪所大学； 3.建议他做哪些准备工作。
Dear Jim，
I’m happy to hear from you. Welcome to Beijing for your study!
1.Since you have long been interested in Chinese culture（既然你对中国文化感兴趣由来已久）, I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you. The university is known for its language and culture courses 2.intended for international students（为国际留学生设计的）. I believe you will have a rewarding experience there.
To be frank, 3.studying for a degree in a different culture（在一个不同的文化里攻读学位） is never easy. You’d better learn some basic Chinese before you come. That way, you may 4.adapt to the life here（适应这里的生活） in Beijing soon.
If you have any other questions, do let me know.
Yours，
Li Hua
读后读后续续写读后续读后独在异乡的愁苦
精彩表达 单句续写
breakdown n.情绪崩溃 never make friends easily 从不容易交朋友 like a spear piercing my heart像一把长矛刺进我的心脏 be numb with misery 痛苦得麻木了 can’t help sobbing 禁不住啜泣起来 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①Inever made friends easily, and for a time I did little more than get on speaking terms with some boys. ②I found nothing in my pocket, a fact that seemed like a spear piercing my heart which started to bleed immediately.
