UNIT3 SEA EXPLORATION
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. tale n.故事；叙述
2. league n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛
3. withdraw vi.& vt.（使） 撤回；撤离
4. channel n.航道；海峡；频道
5. bond n.纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
6. laptop n.笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
7. coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围
8. tax vt.对……征税；使纳税 n.税；税款
9. murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n.谋杀；凶杀
10. opponent n.反对者；对手；竞争者
11. log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n.正式记录；日志；原木
12. arrest n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
阅读词汇
1. merchant n.商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的
2. behold vt.看；看见
3. spice n.（调味）香料
4. tournament n.锦标赛；联赛
5. manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
6. capsule n.胶囊；太空舱
7. coral n.珊瑚
8. meanwhile adv.与此同时；（比较两方面）对比之下
9. directory n.名录；电话号码簿；（计算机文件或程序的）目录
10. marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
拓展词汇
1. extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；广大的→extensively adv.广大地；广泛地
2. negotiate vt.商定；达成（协议） vi.谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n.谈判；磋商；协商→negotiator n.谈判者；交涉者→negotiable adj.可协商的；可讨论的
3. royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的→royalty n.王室成员；版税
4. politics n.政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；政府的
5. profession n.职业；行业→professional adj.职业的；专业的→professionally adv.在工作上；在职业上
6. mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.& vi.混合；融合
7. applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n.鼓掌；喝彩
8. migration n.迁移；迁徙；移居→migrate v.迁徙；移居；迁移→immigrate vi.移民
9. exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削→exploitation n.剥削；榨取；利用；开发；开采
10. mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→merciless adj.残忍的
11. possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vt.拥有；具有；支配
2 高频短语
1. set sail起航；开航
2. in a league of one’s own独领风骚
3. under the command of在……的指挥下
4. in return for作为对……的回报
5. withdraw from退出；撤回
6. for the benefit of为了……的利益
7. in hand在手头；可供使用
8. tell apart区分；辨别
9. without mercy残忍地
10. take action采取行动
3 经典句型
1. To reach out across the sea（跨越海洋） remains a strong desire today.（不定式作主语）
2. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade （鼓励合作和贸易） across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.（不定式作表语）
3. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore （许多其他地方有待探索）.（过去分词作定语）
4. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals（不仅是石油和天然气，还有珍贵的矿物质）.（not just... but also...连接并列成分）
5. From a scientific point of view， there is an urgent need to（很有必要）study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.（there is... need to do sth.）
6. Hopefully, as technology improves（随着技术的提高）, we may have more options for managing this balance.（as引导时间状语从句）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However， merchants and explorers from the East 1.set sail（起航） from east to west long before Columbus first did. A trading route across the sea 2.was extended（extend）along the coasts of the Indian Ocean， centred around Ceylon. Here， merchants from China and many other places met 3.to negotiate（negotiate） trade deals. Later， under the command of Zheng He， seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. Although China withdrew 4.fromfurther expeditions after 1433， these land and sea routes remained active 5.channels（channel） between other cultures for centuries.
To reach out across the sea 6.remains（remain）a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes 7.travelled（travel）by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. With the latest technology 8.in hand（可供使用）， the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. I’m sure you will join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors. 给予
2. You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty（罚金）. 提款
3. People believe writing poems provides a channel through which they can express their feelings. 途径
4. The eight-year bond will bear annual interest of 10.5%. 债券
词性变换
1. The extension（extend）of the subway will take several months.
2. You can teach someone how to prepare for a negotiation（negotiate）.
3. She never realized her ambition of becoming a professional（profession） singer.
4. A mixture（mix）of skill and good luck decided the outcome of the game.
5. The incident has received wide coverage（cover） in the press.
6. There was a great round of applause（applaud） when the dance ended.
7. He’s been studying the migration（migrate） of this kind of wild birds for years.
8. The merciful（mercy）man saved the young officers from death.
9. Now he is in possession（possess）of a big company and has a high position in society now.
短语串烧
The ship of this company，which was 1.in a league of its own（独领风骚）， would 2.set sail （起航）to reach out across the sea to 3.search for（寻找） an island rich in natural resources. In return， they would make profits. With the latest technology 4.in hand （在手头上）， workers found the island easily. But all of a sudden， they met extreme climate and a variety of wild animals that attacked them 5.without mercy （残忍地）. 6.For the benefit of（为了……的利益） all the members，they had to 7.take quick action（立刻采取行动） and 8.withdraw from（撤退） the island.
二、话题重现
Ocean sounds may help people sleep at night， but animals in the ocean depend on 1.them （they） for survival. Animals like dolphins， which rely on echolocation（回声定位） to hunt and “clicks” to communicate with their companions，2.are（be） now in trouble because the ocean noise caused by humans has increased 3.significantly（significant） since the Industrial Revolution.
Ships alone have produced low-frequency sounds along shipping routes. That’s along with noise from sonar， seismic surveys， pile driving and even motorboats， which traps whales in ice by 4.delaying（delay） their travel， according to a review 5.published（publish） last week in Science.
The paper notes that climate change also threatens the soundtrack of the sea. The Great Barrier Reef has quieted over the years as it has become smaller 6.in size and less habitable. Animals 7.which/that rely on the sounds of coral reefs（珊瑚礁） to locate food and settlements may struggle to adapt. It is not just a simple 8.assumption（assume） but a problem which deserves great attention and concern.
The authors argue that reducing the human-made noise in the ocean should be a vital component of environmental policy and they say it can 9.be done（do）. A study conducted at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic found that a reduction in shipping traffic contributed to an average decrease of noise in waters along shipping routes near the Port of Vancouver. That was 10.a/one piece of inspiring news.
三、写作提能
假如你是学生李华，你对丝绸文化和“一带一路”倡议感兴趣，请你根据提示完成主题为“the Belt and Road Initiative”的稿件，并发表在英语校报上。
I’m interested in the silk culture of China and the Belt and Road Initiative. As a matter of fact, silk has a long history and is 1.in a league of its own（独领风骚） in China, which 2.dates back to（追溯到） the Neolithic.
From the Han dynasty, China opened up the Silk Road 3.with the aim of politics and economy（以政治和经济为目的）, which attracted merchants to trading by land or by 4.setting sail（起航）. At present, as our government has put forward the Belt and Road Initiative, it 5.becomes the bond （成为纽带） between China and other countries.选择性必修第四册
UNIT1 SCIENCE FICTION
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. fiction n.小说；虚构的事
2. salary n.薪水；薪金
3. guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
4. suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
5. dismiss vt.让（某人）离开；解散；解雇；消除
6. superior adj.更好的；占优势的；（在级别或重要性上）更高的
7. labour n.劳动（者）；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作
8. fetch vt.（去）拿来；（去）请来
9. pace n.速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏
10. random adj.随机的；不可思议的
阅读词汇
1. ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
2. bonus n.意外收获；奖金；红利
3. integrity n.诚实正直；完整；完好
4. dignity n.庄重；庄严；尊严
5. nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt.（用钉子）钉牢；固定
6. rumour n.谣言；传闻
7. presume vt.& vi.假设；假定
8. alien n.外星人（生物）；外国人 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的
9. maximum adj.最大极限的 n.最大量；最大限度
10. stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷
拓展词汇
1. absurd adj.荒谬的；荒唐的→absurdly adv.可笑地；荒谬地→absurdity n.不合理；荒谬；荒唐
2. appointment n.预约；约会；委任→appoint vt.任命；委任→appointed adj.指定的；约定的
3. declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n.宣布；声明
4. weekly adj.每周的 n.周刊→week n.周；星期；礼拜
5. calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n.计算；估计；预测→calculator n.计算器→calculated adj.精心策划的；蓄意的
6. blurred adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur v.（使）变得模糊不清
7. inaction n.无行动；不采取措施→action n.行动；行为→act n.行为；行动 v.做事；行动
8. hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的→haze n.（尤指热天引起的）薄雾,雾霭；迷蒙；迷糊
9. division n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）→divide vt.& vi.分开；分割
10. urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n.紧急；紧急的事
11. explode vt.& vi.爆炸；爆破→explosion n.爆炸→explosive adj.易爆炸的；可能引起爆炸的
12. stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷→stunning adj.极有魅力的；绝妙的
13. mud n.泥；泥浆→muddy adj.多泥的；泥泞的
2 高频短语
1. test out检验；测试
2. more like更像是；更接近
3. on a... basis根据；以……的方式（基准）
4. pros and cons事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5. superior to比……更好；更胜一筹
6. take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7. conflict with与……冲突或抵触
8. turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；证明是
9. fall away （逐渐）减少；消失
10. have an urge to do sth.有强烈的欲望做某事
3 经典句型
1. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern（格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里）.（完全倒装句）
2. He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave（要离开） and Larry was to return.（be to do sth.）
3. It was at ten o’clock today（正是在今天的十点钟） that the first of all Time Machines began its career.（强调句型）
4. Night came as if a lamp was being turned out（好像一盏灯正在熄灭）, and in another moment came the day.（as if引导方式状语从句）
5. It felt like（感觉就像）I was being driven fast on a winding road.（feel like）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Tony， a robot， was tested 1.out by Claire when her husband Larry was absent for three weeks. It would be 2.a bonus. At first， Claire felt alarmed， because Tony seemed 3.more like（更像是） a human. Sometimes she thought it was 4.ridiculous（ridiculously）to be offered pity by a robot. Tony always treated her 5. with dignity. Claire felt that her home was not elegant enough, so he promised to make Claire more beautiful and her home more elegant. Soon Tony helped Claire improve her makeup and made great improvement in the house. She had an 6.appointment （appoint） to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop. Claire was treated badly by the saleswoman there, and Tony managed to change the saleswoman’s attitude. One day, Gladys found Claire and Tony, which made Claire felt 7.guilty（guilt）. Tony worked on improving Claire’s home. When she wanted to help by working on a light 8.suspended （suspend） from the ceiling, she fell off the ladder. Tony held her but she pushed him away. At the party, Claire 9.dismissed（dismiss） Tony before the guests arrived. However, Tony declared 10. that he didn’t want to leave her.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. I think we can safely dismiss their objections.不予理会
2. They laboured for years to clear their son’s name.努力做（困难的事）
3. She paced up and down outside the room.来回踱步
4. Do you fear that you’ll burst into tears or explode with anger in front of her 突然爆发
词性变换
1. She made an appointment （appoint）for her son to see the doctor.
2. The paintings were sold for absurdly （absurd） high prices.
3. It took the jury（陪审团） some time to reach the conclusion that she was guilty （guilt）.
4. Leonard made a rapid calculation （calculate）: he’d never make it in time.
5. I taught my daughter how to do division （divide） at the age of six.
6. The old lady’s vision had become blurred （blur）, so she couldn’t thread the needle.
7. He tried desperately to convey how urgent （urge） the situation was.
8. It was a large explosion （explode） and the resulting damage was extensive.
9. A viewing platform gave stunning（stun） views over the valley.
10. The only access to that building is along that muddy （mud）track.
短语串烧
Tom 1.took over （接管）a company which made robots. Tom 2.had an urge to （渴望）make it become more powerful. However, its market 3.fell away （减少）. After weighing up the 4.pros and cons （利与弊）, he decided to develop new products 5.on a regular basis （定期）. He 6.tested out （测验） a new kind of robot, which 7.turned out（结果是） to be a success. The new robot was 8.more like （更像）a man and 9.superior to （比……更好）other companies’ productions. So it sold well. Almost all the employees admired his competence, even those who had 10.conflicted with （与……冲突） him in the work.
二、话题重现
When you think of robots, what is the first thing that comes to your mind Do you like science fiction movies like Star Wars, 1. where robots of all shapes and sizes are part of daily life Robots were once just a product of fiction. The word itself comes from the play Rossum’s Universal Robots, 2.written（write） in 1921 by Karel apek.
Today most robots don’t look like humans. They appear in many forms and 3.are programmed（program） to perform a wide variety of things, from working in factories 4.to exploring the surface of Mars. But there is a surprising problem in the world of robots: What humans find easy is 5.extremely（extreme） complex for a robot. For example, picking up clothes in 6.a messy room is simple for humans, while it is difficult for robots to do that. Another problem is programming a robot to pick up some objects of different shapes and sizes without damaging 7.them（they）.
It turns out that one of the most difficult things 8.to improve（improve） in robots is their flexibility. Exciting 9.developments（develop） in making human-like hands and legs are underway. But the biggest advancements are to teach robots to learn what they can do and 10.how they can help us with daily tasks.
三、写作提能
青少年都有自己的梦想，但是有时候他们的梦想会和家人有冲突。请根据提示以“John’s dream”为题写一篇短文。
John’s dream
John 1.had an urge to be（想要成为） a writer of science fiction. However, his dream 2.conflicted with（与……冲突） his father’s expectation. He thought that John’s idea was 3.ridiculous and random（荒唐且不可思议）. John’s father wanted him to be a lawyer 4.because of its high salary and bonus（因为薪水和奖金高）. John’s sister thought John’s idea was 5.superior to（比……更好）their father’s. Moved by John’s determination, his father finally 6.declared to the whole family（向全家宣布） that he would spare no effort to support him.
UNIT2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. joint n.公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所）；关节 adj.联合的；共同的
2. sponsor vt.倡议；赞助；主办 n.（法案等的）倡议者；赞助者
3. liberty n.自由
4. temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的
5. phase n.阶段；时期
6. trunk n.树干
7. hatch vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出；策划；（尤指）密谋
8. capacity n.能力；容量
9. fence n.栅栏；围栏
10. grand adj.大；宏大的
阅读词汇
1. equator n.赤道
2. barbecue n.户外烧烤；烤架
3. herb n.药草；香草；草本
4. hollow adj.中空的；空心的
5. straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的
6. strait n.海峡
7. sample n.样本；样品
8. session n.一场；一段时间；会议
9. nest n.巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
拓展词汇
1. foundation n.创建；基础；地基→foundational adj.基本的；基础的→found v.创建,创办（组织或机构,尤指提供资金）；建立
2. political adj.政治的→politics n.政治（学）
3. bakery n .面包（糕饼）店；面包厂→baker n.面包（糕饼）师傅；面包店老板
4. entitle vt.给……命名（或题名）；使享有权利→entitlement n.（拥有某物或做某事的）权利,资格；有权得到的东西
5. dive vi.& n.潜水；跳水；俯冲→diver n.潜水者；潜水员
6. freedom n.自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj.自由的；免费的→freely adv.自由地
7. distribution n.分布；分配；分发→distribute vt.分配；分发
8. frequency n.发生率；重复率；（声波或电磁波振动的）频率→frequent adj.频繁的；经常发生的→frequently adv.频繁地；经常
9. violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violence n.暴力；暴行→violently adv.强烈地；激烈地；猛烈地
10. biology n.生理；生物学→biologist n.生物学家→biological adj.生物学的
11. capacity n.能力；容量→capable adj.有能力；有才能→capability n.能力；才能；（国家的）军事力量,军事武器
12. prison n.监狱；监禁→prisoner n.囚犯；犯人
2 高频短语
1. do research on做关于……的研究
2. major in主修
3. on the other hand另一方面
4. make up组成；弥补
5. a flock of一群（羊或鸟）
6. be well-known for因……而著名
7. in the interest of基于……的利益
8. come across偶然遇到
9. a handful of少数人（或物）；一把（的量）
3 经典句型
1. I can’t wait to see（迫不及待地要去见） all of them！（can’t wait to do sth.）
2. He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth（同时用嘴呼气） and into the didgeridoo.（while doing）
3. It is said that（据说） now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.（It is said that...）
4. But it wasn’t always so popular（并不总是这么受欢迎）. In fact, in 1886, just after its construction was first proposed, many were strongly against it.（部分否定）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或给出括号内单词的正确形式。
Next week I’m travelling to Australia, which is 1.located（locate）to the south of the equator, to visit a friend there over the school holidays. I have also read about some 2.iconic （icon） sites. I can’t wait 3.to see（see） all of them.
Since I arrived, my friend 4.has brought（bring）me to my first open-air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food! 5.Bakeries（bakery）, fast-food joints, butcher shops,cafes and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world.
My friend and I have arrived in Katherine to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines, who are native 6.to Australia. To celebrate the natural world and the spiritual world around them, they created their musical instruments, among 7.which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. I tried to learn how to play it, but failed. At last, it’s almost time for me 8.to say（say） goodbye to Australia.
Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the people 9.themselves（them）. They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude 10.to/towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. The share price dived from 49 yuan to an all-time low of 40 yuan. 突然下降，暴跌
2. I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time. 品尝，体验
3. Maloney unlocked his trunk and took out some coveralls.大箱子
4. The violence of her feelings surprised him.激情
词性变换
1. Born at an international crane foundation（found）, Emma was raised by human caretakers.
2. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political （politics）and scientific progress.
3. The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery （bake）.
4. Lately his painting has shown a new freedom （free） of expression.
5. The map shows the distribution （distribute） of this species across the world.
6. Since these substances are not licensed（license）, they cannot be sold in the area.
7. Fatal road accidents have decreased in frequency （frequent）over recent years.
8. There is growing concern about violence （violent） on television.
9. I’m quite pleased that we do have the capacity （capable） to produce that much food.
10. Biological（biology） systems have been doing this for billions of years.
短语串烧
The girl 1.majors in （专业是） biology and she devotes herself to doing research on wild animals 2.on the globe/earth （地球上）. On the one hand, she 3.keeps in close contact with （保持密切联系） the scientists in a reserve, which is 4.made up of（由……组成） several wetlands. She goes there during the 5.peak season （旺季） to do her research. She learns the habits of 6.a flock of（一群）birds there, apart from 7.a handful of（少数） monkeys. On the other hand, she 8.comes across （偶遇） some hospitable local people, who make her feel at home.
二、话题重现
The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It 1.was built（build） originally to protect the city 2.inthe Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）. It is possible 3.to walk（walk） or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 4.spending（spend） some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5.better （good） than to ride on a piece of history!
We 6.hired（hire） our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7.but did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.the way around the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9.watchtowers（watchtower）to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10.daily（day） routines.
三、写作提能
假定你是一名导游，请根据短文中提示写一篇短文来介绍新西兰。
New Zealand 1.is located to the south of the equator（位于赤道以南） and is a beautiful country. It covers an area of about 270 thousand square kilometers and has a population of over 5 million. I heard people mention it, so I 2.couldn’t wait to（迫不及待） travel there. I learned about it in advance and knew that there were many unique things, such as koalas, food and local customs. The people there are straightforward, and 3.a handful of them（少数人） are natives. The beach there is very clean. We can 4.go diving（去潜水） and watch 5.a flock of sheep（一群羊） eating grass.
UNIT3 SEA EXPLORATION
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. tale n.故事；叙述
2. league n.等级；水平；联合会；联赛
3. withdraw vi.& vt.（使） 撤回；撤离
4. channel n.航道；海峡；频道
5. bond n.纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合
6. laptop n.笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
7. coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围
8. tax vt.对……征税；使纳税 n.税；税款
9. murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n.谋杀；凶杀
10. opponent n.反对者；对手；竞争者
11. log vt.把……载入正式记录；记录 n.正式记录；日志；原木
12. arrest n.逮捕；拘留；中止 vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止
阅读词汇
1. merchant n.商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的
2. behold vt.看；看见
3. spice n.（调味）香料
4. tournament n.锦标赛；联赛
5. manned adj.有人控制的；需人操纵的
6. capsule n.胶囊；太空舱
7. coral n.珊瑚
8. meanwhile adv.与此同时；（比较两方面）对比之下
9. directory n.名录；电话号码簿；（计算机文件或程序的）目录
10. marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的
拓展词汇
1. extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；广大的→extensively adv.广大地；广泛地
2. negotiate vt.商定；达成（协议） vi.谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n.谈判；磋商；协商→negotiator n.谈判者；交涉者→negotiable adj.可协商的；可讨论的
3. royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的→royalty n.王室成员；版税
4. politics n.政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；政府的
5. profession n.职业；行业→professional adj.职业的；专业的→professionally adv.在工作上；在职业上
6. mixture n.混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.& vi.混合；融合
7. applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n.鼓掌；喝彩
8. migration n.迁移；迁徙；移居→migrate v.迁徙；移居；迁移→immigrate vi.移民
9. exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削→exploitation n.剥削；榨取；利用；开发；开采
10. mercy n.仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的→merciless adj.残忍的
11. possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vt.拥有；具有；支配
2 高频短语
1. set sail起航；开航
2. in a league of one’s own独领风骚
3. under the command of在……的指挥下
4. in return for作为对……的回报
5. withdraw from退出；撤回
6. for the benefit of为了……的利益
7. in hand在手头；可供使用
8. tell apart区分；辨别
9. without mercy残忍地
10. take action采取行动
3 经典句型
1. To reach out across the sea（跨越海洋） remains a strong desire today.（不定式作主语）
2. The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade （鼓励合作和贸易） across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.（不定式作表语）
3. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore （许多其他地方有待探索）.（过去分词作定语）
4. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals（不仅是石油和天然气，还有珍贵的矿物质）.（not just... but also...连接并列成分）
5. From a scientific point of view， there is an urgent need to（很有必要）study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.（there is... need to do sth.）
6. Hopefully, as technology improves（随着技术的提高）, we may have more options for managing this balance.（as引导时间状语从句）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo’s tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east. However， merchants and explorers from the East 1.set sail（起航） from east to west long before Columbus first did. A trading route across the sea 2.was extended（extend）along the coasts of the Indian Ocean， centred around Ceylon. Here， merchants from China and many other places met 3.to negotiate（negotiate） trade deals. Later， under the command of Zheng He， seven large fleets sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration. Although China withdrew 4.fromfurther expeditions after 1433， these land and sea routes remained active 5.channels（channel） between other cultures for centuries.
To reach out across the sea 6.remains（remain）a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes 7.travelled（travel）by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road. With the latest technology 8.in hand（可供使用）， the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. I’m sure you will join me in extending a very warm welcome to our visitors. 给予
2. You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty（罚金）. 提款
3. People believe writing poems provides a channel through which they can express their feelings. 途径
4. The eight-year bond will bear annual interest of 10.5%. 债券
词性变换
1. The extension（extend）of the subway will take several months.
2. You can teach someone how to prepare for a negotiation（negotiate）.
3. She never realized her ambition of becoming a professional（profession） singer.
4. A mixture（mix）of skill and good luck decided the outcome of the game.
5. The incident has received wide coverage（cover） in the press.
6. There was a great round of applause（applaud） when the dance ended.
7. He’s been studying the migration（migrate） of this kind of wild birds for years.
8. The merciful（mercy）man saved the young officers from death.
9. Now he is in possession（possess）of a big company and has a high position in society now.
短语串烧
The ship of this company，which was 1.in a league of its own（独领风骚）， would 2.set sail （起航）to reach out across the sea to 3.search for（寻找） an island rich in natural resources. In return， they would make profits. With the latest technology 4.in hand （在手头上）， workers found the island easily. But all of a sudden， they met extreme climate and a variety of wild animals that attacked them 5.without mercy （残忍地）. 6.For the benefit of（为了……的利益） all the members，they had to 7.take quick action（立刻采取行动） and 8.withdraw from（撤退） the island.
二、话题重现
Ocean sounds may help people sleep at night， but animals in the ocean depend on 1.them （they） for survival. Animals like dolphins， which rely on echolocation（回声定位） to hunt and “clicks” to communicate with their companions，2.are（be） now in trouble because the ocean noise caused by humans has increased 3.significantly（significant） since the Industrial Revolution.
Ships alone have produced low-frequency sounds along shipping routes. That’s along with noise from sonar， seismic surveys， pile driving and even motorboats， which traps whales in ice by 4.delaying（delay） their travel， according to a review 5.published（publish） last week in Science.
The paper notes that climate change also threatens the soundtrack of the sea. The Great Barrier Reef has quieted over the years as it has become smaller 6.in size and less habitable. Animals 7.which/that rely on the sounds of coral reefs（珊瑚礁） to locate food and settlements may struggle to adapt. It is not just a simple 8.assumption（assume） but a problem which deserves great attention and concern.
The authors argue that reducing the human-made noise in the ocean should be a vital component of environmental policy and they say it can 9.be done（do）. A study conducted at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic found that a reduction in shipping traffic contributed to an average decrease of noise in waters along shipping routes near the Port of Vancouver. That was 10.a/one piece of inspiring news.
三、写作提能
假如你是学生李华，你对丝绸文化和“一带一路”倡议感兴趣，请你根据提示完成主题为“the Belt and Road Initiative”的稿件，并发表在英语校报上。
I’m interested in the silk culture of China and the Belt and Road Initiative. As a matter of fact, silk has a long history and is 1.in a league of its own（独领风骚） in China, which 2.dates back to（追溯到） the Neolithic.
From the Han dynasty, China opened up the Silk Road 3.with the aim of politics and economy（以政治和经济为目的）, which attracted merchants to trading by land or by 4.setting sail（起航）. At present, as our government has put forward the Belt and Road Initiative, it 5.becomes the bond （成为纽带） between China and other countries.
UNIT4 SHARING
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. parcel n.包裹 vt.裹好；打包
2. jam n.果酱；堵塞
3. mail n.邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给
4. weed n.杂草；野草vt.& vi.除杂草
5. uniform n.校服；制服 adj.一致的；统一的
6. shade vt.给……遮挡（光线）；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
7. wrinkle vt.& vi.（使脸上）起皱纹；皱起 n.皱纹
8. drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
9. deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
10. contract vt.感染（疾病）；与……订立合同（或契约） n.合同；契约
11. pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷
阅读词汇
1. chorus n.合唱曲;合唱团 vt.合唱;齐声说
2. cotton n.棉布；棉花
3. tablet n.平板电脑；便笺本；药片
4. rigid adj.死板的；固执的
5. bubble vi.起泡；沸腾
6. tube n.管子；管状物
7. circus n.马戏团
8. platform n.平台；站台；舞台
9. leftover adj.吃剩的;残留的 n.吃剩的食物;遗留物
10. criterion n.标准；准则；原则
拓展词汇
1. dust n.沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
2. chemist n.化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n.化学；物质的化学组成（或性质）→chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的
3. ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen v.（使）成熟→ripeness n.成熟
4. disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n.缺陷；障碍
5. resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去→resignation n.辞职
6. lately adv.最近；不久前；近来→latest adj.最近的；最新的→late adj.接近末期；在晚年；迟到→later adv.后来；以后
7. input n.情况；信息；投入；输入vt.输入→output n.（人、机器、机构的）产量，输出量 v.输出
8. consultation n.咨询；咨询会→consult vt.& vi.咨询；请教；商量
9. stability n.稳定（性）；稳固（性）→stabilize v.（使）稳定,稳固→stable adj.稳定的；稳固的
2 高频短语
1. a chorus of齐声；异口同声
2. not to mention更不用说；且不说
3. shake hands with与……握手
4. get through完成；通过；接通
5. dry up （使）变干；（使）干透
6. take... for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
7. relay to转达给……；转发给……
8. pray that但愿
9. be allergic to对……过敏
3 经典句型
1. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school（我走到学校只需要几分钟） down a dusty track covered in weeds.（It takes sb. some time to do sth.）
2. Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of the roof （草从屋顶伸出来）—this shows it is a man’s house.（with复合结构）
3. There is no doubt that（毫无疑问） these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories.（There is no doubt that...）
4. Yeah, what if（如果……会怎么样） we have to clean out the smelly cages （what if）
5. Now that I understand how important my mother’s work is（既然我明白了我母亲的工作有多重要）, I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands. （now that）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
I have been in the jungle for about a month now. There is no electricity, running water or even textbooks, 1.not to mention（更不用说） laptops, tablets, or other modern devices! All the students don’t wear cotton 2.uniforms（uniform）and only have pencils, rubbers, and paper. There isn’t even a washroom. Once the class became a circus as the students jumped out of the windows when 3.seeing（see）the mixture bubbling out of the test tube. Last weekend, 4.it took another teacher and I a long time to go to Tombe’s home. We walked down a 5.shaded（shade） path. After two and a half hours we met Tombe’s parents. His father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a 6.wrinkled（wrinkle） forehead, led us to a bamboo hut. Such housing is dark inside and there was a platform for us to sleep on. Mukap built a fire outside and cooked delicious food, 7.including（include） kau kau, ripe corn and greens. Later, I noticed a can 8.standing（stand） upside down on the grill over the fire. Tombe threw it out of the doorway. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry 9.out the leftover food. We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. It was such 10.a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. [2020浙江]For all of Bellevue’s success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways.挤满的，拥挤不堪的
2. That might mean developing a uniform way to mark videos and images.一致的；统一的
3. Blood is only expelled（排出） from the heart when it contracts. 收缩
词性变换
1. It’s been years since they were dusty（dust） little rooms with books.
2. I had always been fascinated by chemistry（chemist）, biology, and math.
3. Pick and ripen（ripe）any green fruits in a warm dark place.
4. His disability（disable） makes it difficult for him to do some things.
5. There were calls for her resignation（resign） from the board of directors.
6. But one question has been on my mind a lot lately（late）.
7. The decision was taken after close consultation（consult） with local residents.
8. I am confident that we can restore peace, stability（stable） and respect for the rule of law.
短语串烧
My students were too busy to have enough time to do outdoor activities, 1.not to mention（更不用说） spending a long time going hiking. One day, I 2.relayed to（转达给） students that we would go hiking this Saturday and 3.a chorus of（异口同声）shouts broke out. Feeling excited, some even came up to me to 4.shake hands with（与……握手）me. But I told them that it would 5.depend on（取决于） the weather of that day. They should 6.take good care of（好好照顾） themselves and shouldn’t 7.take their safety for granted（对他们的安全不重视）. What’s more, they also should learn to 8.get through（渡过）difficulties during the hiking. For example, they should know how to 9.dry up（使变干） their wet clothes quickly. We all 10.prayed that（但愿） our trip would be happy.
二、话题重现
One will be happy when he 1.helps（help） others. I learn about this through my own experiences. Last year I joined a volunteer organization which provided me 2.with many opportunities to help others. Last Sunday we went to an orphanage where there were about thirty children 3.who/that were disabled. When I saw those 4.lovely （love） children, I felt rather sorry for them. Although 5.Having experienced（experience） some pains and sufferings, they faced the world with smiles. All the volunteers here, including me, thought that it was high time that we 6.did/should do（do） something for them. Therefore, we arranged some activities. After doing some washing and reading stories for them, we played simple games together with them. Seeing them playing happily, I 7.was moved（move） to tears and realized what they needed was not only material assistance 8.but love from others as well.
When we left, both the children and we volunteers were unwilling 9.to part （part）. Although spending time with these children and in assisting others has taken up most of my spare time, I feel even 10.happier（happy） than before because I can bring others happiness.
三、写作提能
假定你是李华，你得知你所在城市的美术馆要举办中国画画展。请你写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事情。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am more than delighted to learn that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery. I think it is 1.a perfect platform（一个完美的平台） for me to develop my ability, which 2.deserves to be applied for（值得申请）. So I am writing this application letter.
First, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can 3.communicate freely with（与……自由交流） others in English. Additionally, years of being a monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order. The most important factor is that 4.my related knowledge（我的相关知识） will undoubtedly help the audience learn more about the unique Chinese art form.
Finally, I think it will be 5.a privilege（有幸）to attain this position. I 6.pray that（期盼） you can take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
UNIT5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. bounce vi.& vt.（使）弹起；上下晃动 n.弹性；弹跳；活力
2. debt n.债务；欠款
3. spy n.密探；间谍 vi.从事间谍活动 vt.突然看见；发现
4. handwriting n.书法；书写；笔迹
5. parking n.停车位；停车
6. fry n.油煎的食物 vt.& vi.油炸；油炒；油煎
7. purse n.钱包；皮夹子（尤指女用）
8. sew vi.& vt.缝制；缝；做针线活
9. priority n.优先事项；首要的事；优先
10. cage n.笼子vt.关在笼子里
11. certificate n.合格证书；证明
12. desert n.沙漠；荒漠
阅读词汇
1. assemble vt.组装;装配 vi.& vt.收集;聚集;集合
2. hydrogen n.氢；氢气
3. categorise vt.把……分类（加以归类）
4. profile n.简介；概述；侧面轮廓 vt.扼要介绍；概述；写简介
5. participant n.参与者；参加者
6. code n.代码；密码 vt.编码；把……译成密码
7. estate n.庄园；住宅区；工业区
8. dedicate vt.把……奉献给
9. proficiency n.熟练；娴熟；精通
10. collar n.（动物）颈圈；衣领
拓展词汇
1. lawyer n.律师→law n.法律（体系）；法规；法学
2. detective n.侦探；警探→detect vt.发现；查明；侦察出
3. justice n.公平；公正；合理→just adv.正好；恰好 adj.公正的
4. accuse vt.控告；控诉；谴责→accusation n.指责；谴责；指控→accusing adj.谴责的；指责的
5. greedy adj.贪婪的；贪心的→greed n.贪婪；贪心；贪欲
6. receptionist n.接待员→reception n.招待会；接待区
7. socialist adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者→social adj.社会的；社会上的→society n.社会
8. finance n.资金；财政；金融 vt.提供资金→financial adj.金融的；财政的
9. employer n.雇主；老板→employ vt.雇用；利用；使用→employee n.雇员,雇工→employment n.雇用；就业
10. acquire vt.获得；购得→acquisition n.获得→acquired adj.习得的；后天的；已取得的；已获得的
2 高频短语
1. be appropriate for适合
2. bounce around蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
3. a variety of种种；形形色色
4. be based on以……为基础；根据
5. in conclusion总之
6. be passionate about对……热情
7. accuse sb. of （doing） sth.指控某人犯……罪
8. come to a conclusion得出结论
9. have a great influence on对……有很大影响
10. make contributions to为……作出贡献
11. for the sake of为了
12. attend to关怀；照料；处理
3 经典句型
1. As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new（当遇到陌生人） is,“What do you do ”（状语从句的省略）
2. This is because（这是因为） your career is a very important part of who you are. （This is because...）
3. I wish I had thought（考虑） more about what I really wanted to do. （wish从句中的虚拟语气）
4. Do you agree that there is no point studying something（学某些东西没有意义） that you like but you are not very good at （there is no point doing sth.）
5. It doesn’t matter（没有关系） whether you will go to a university or college.（It doesn’t matter＋从句）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
As an adult, you are always asked,“What do you do ” 1.This is because（这是因为） your career is a very important part of life. Some people know what they want to do from a young age, but many others just have a few ideas 2.bouncing（bounce）around in their heads. One of 3.the most effective（effective） ways to get some insight on a possible career path is to complete a “career aptitude test”. You don’t want to 4.look back（回顾） in years to come and say, “I wish I 5.had thought（think） more about what I really wanted to do.” There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests. One popular test asks the 6.participants （participant） to grade their preferences for 7.a variety of（各种各样的） work tasks. This is a great tool to help plan your career and let you know what targets you need to reach to get there. In 8.conclusion（conclude）, career aptitude tests are clearly a very useful tool. However, it is important 9.to remember（remember） that they are only meant for guidance. The secret to a good career is finding something that you are passionate 10.about.
一、词汇训练
熟词生义
1. In the summer before I entered middle school, I read the book They Cage the Animals at Night. 把（动物）关在笼中
2. She recovered from the injury quickly. All her old bounce was back. 活力
3. We could see the profile of a distant hill if it is very clear. 轮廓
4. Farmers are deserting their fields and coming here looking for jobs. 舍弃
词性变换
1. He only wants freedom, justice （just）and equality.
2. To some extent, this accusation （accuse） has some truth to it.
3. Mary became an honest girl and was never greedy （greed） again.
4. He’s too serious and dedicated （dedicate）, wrapped up in his career.
5. I am proficient （proficiency） in English and I can speak a little German.
6. Professors are not trained nurses, financial （finance） aid experts or your best friends.
7. As an employee, you either make money or save money for your employer （employ）.
8. He is an expert in studying the acquisition （acquire） of a second language.
短语串烧
1.Looking back （回顾） the past, the famous chemist 2.was passionate about （对……热情） chemistry when he was young. His goal was to 3.make contributions to（为……作出贡献） the country. 4.For the sake of （为了）the development of the country, he wanted to find out some chemicals 5.appropriate for （适合） the wide use in many aspects. He had done a variety of experiments. Basing on the results, he 6.came to a conclusion（得出结论） that the chemicals he had found would have a great influence on the chemical industry.
7.In conclusion （总之）, he is a dedicated scientist, who has many things to 8.attend to （处理） every day.
二、话题重现
Learning how to choose a career is important not only to adults but also to students at college. People decide to have their careers 1.changed （change） simply because they dislike the job they 2.currently （current） have. They take on the jobs not because they like them but because they need to make a living. In this case, 3.getting/to get （get） career guidance is very important. The first step in choosing a career 4.is （be） understanding yourself. This will help you realize what you enjoy doing.
The best way to do this is taking a personality test, 5.and it is available on the Internet for free. It is also important to understand your values and know what you are willing to do. Next, visit career guidance centers or career 6.websites （website）. If possible, apply for a volunteer that benefits you. You can get 7.professional （profession） help and decide whether the career path is suitable for you or not. Finally, you should learn universal （通用的） skills, such as typing, writing and computer skills, which will help get opportunities to change your career in 8.the future. When you study something that leads to just one career, then you may have closed all other opportunities for changing your career. Choosing a career is important because most of the time in our lives 9.is spent （spend） at work.
Therefore, 10.putting（put） interests and hobbies into careers can always lead to the best jobs.
三、写作提能
“职业生涯规划（Career Planning）”是高中学生的必修课。做好未来职业规划，才能更准确地走好现在的每一步。请以“我的理想职业”为主题写一份面向全校师生的演讲稿，内容必须包括：
1.理想职业的内容；
2.选择这个职业的理由；
3.现在需要做哪些准备。
My Ideal Career
Dear teachers and students,
Now I’m telling you something about my ideal career in details.
I make up my mind to be a journalist because I think I 1.have an aptitude for（有天赋） it. I choose it as my career for two reasons. First, the job lets me know new things every day, thus keeping myself 2.energetic and passionate（精力充沛并且充满激情） all the time. Second, working as a journalist can help me realize my childhood dream of being a hero of spreading love to others.
To achieve this goal, my priority is to study hard to 3.acquire a good knowledge of （学好） Chinese and other subjects. In my spare time, I will try my best to improve my 4.writing proficiency（写作水平）.
In conclusion，I will 5.dedicate myself to （把自己奉献于）my beloved career—a journalist.选择性必修第四册
UNIT1 SCIENCE FICTION
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. fiction n.小说；虚构的事
2. salary n.薪水；薪金
3. guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
4. suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
5. dismiss vt.让（某人）离开；解散；解雇；消除
6. superior adj.更好的；占优势的；（在级别或重要性上）更高的
7. labour n.劳动（者）；体力劳动 vi.奋斗；努力工作
8. fetch vt.（去）拿来；（去）请来
9. pace n.速度；步伐；节奏 vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏
10. random adj.随机的；不可思议的
阅读词汇
1. ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
2. bonus n.意外收获；奖金；红利
3. integrity n.诚实正直；完整；完好
4. dignity n.庄重；庄严；尊严
5. nail n.指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt.（用钉子）钉牢；固定
6. rumour n.谣言；传闻
7. presume vt.& vi.假设；假定
8. alien n.外星人（生物）；外国人 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的
9. maximum adj.最大极限的 n.最大量；最大限度
10. stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷
拓展词汇
1. absurd adj.荒谬的；荒唐的→absurdly adv.可笑地；荒谬地→absurdity n.不合理；荒谬；荒唐
2. appointment n.预约；约会；委任→appoint vt.任命；委任→appointed adj.指定的；约定的
3. declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→declaration n.宣布；声明
4. weekly adj.每周的 n.周刊→week n.周；星期；礼拜
5. calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→calculation n.计算；估计；预测→calculator n.计算器→calculated adj.精心策划的；蓄意的
6. blurred adj.模糊不清的；难以区分的→blur v.（使）变得模糊不清
7. inaction n.无行动；不采取措施→action n.行动；行为→act n.行为；行动 v.做事；行动
8. hazy adj.模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的→haze n.（尤指热天引起的）薄雾,雾霭；迷蒙；迷糊
9. division n.分开；分隔；差异；除（法）→divide vt.& vi.分开；分割
10. urge n.强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→urgent adj.紧急的→urgency n.紧急；紧急的事
11. explode vt.& vi.爆炸；爆破→explosion n.爆炸→explosive adj.易爆炸的；可能引起爆炸的
12. stun vt.使震惊；使昏迷→stunning adj.极有魅力的；绝妙的
13. mud n.泥；泥浆→muddy adj.多泥的；泥泞的
2 高频短语
1. test out检验；测试
2. more like更像是；更接近
3. on a... basis根据；以……的方式（基准）
4. pros and cons事物的利与弊；支持与反对
5. superior to比……更好；更胜一筹
6. take over占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
7. conflict with与……冲突或抵触
8. turn out关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是；证明是
9. fall away （逐渐）减少；消失
10. have an urge to do sth.有强烈的欲望做某事
3 经典句型
1. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern（格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里）.（完全倒装句）
2. He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave（要离开） and Larry was to return.（be to do sth.）
3. It was at ten o’clock today（正是在今天的十点钟） that the first of all Time Machines began its career.（强调句型）
4. Night came as if a lamp was being turned out（好像一盏灯正在熄灭）, and in another moment came the day.（as if引导方式状语从句）
5. It felt like（感觉就像）I was being driven fast on a winding road.（feel like）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词、给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
Tony， a robot， was tested 1.out by Claire when her husband Larry was absent for three weeks. It would be 2.a bonus. At first， Claire felt alarmed， because Tony seemed 3.more like（更像是） a human. Sometimes she thought it was 4.ridiculous（ridiculously）to be offered pity by a robot. Tony always treated her 5. with dignity. Claire felt that her home was not elegant enough, so he promised to make Claire more beautiful and her home more elegant. Soon Tony helped Claire improve her makeup and made great improvement in the house. She had an 6.appointment （appoint） to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop. Claire was treated badly by the saleswoman there, and Tony managed to change the saleswoman’s attitude. One day, Gladys found Claire and Tony, which made Claire felt 7.guilty（guilt）. Tony worked on improving Claire’s home. When she wanted to help by working on a light 8.suspended （suspend） from the ceiling, she fell off the ladder. Tony held her but she pushed him away. At the party, Claire 9.dismissed（dismiss） Tony before the guests arrived. However, Tony declared 10. that he didn’t want to leave her.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. I think we can safely dismiss their objections.不予理会
2. They laboured for years to clear their son’s name.努力做（困难的事）
3. She paced up and down outside the room.来回踱步
4. Do you fear that you’ll burst into tears or explode with anger in front of her 突然爆发
词性变换
1. She made an appointment （appoint）for her son to see the doctor.
2. The paintings were sold for absurdly （absurd） high prices.
3. It took the jury（陪审团） some time to reach the conclusion that she was guilty （guilt）.
4. Leonard made a rapid calculation （calculate）: he’d never make it in time.
5. I taught my daughter how to do division （divide） at the age of six.
6. The old lady’s vision had become blurred （blur）, so she couldn’t thread the needle.
7. He tried desperately to convey how urgent （urge） the situation was.
8. It was a large explosion （explode） and the resulting damage was extensive.
9. A viewing platform gave stunning（stun） views over the valley.
10. The only access to that building is along that muddy （mud）track.
短语串烧
Tom 1.took over （接管）a company which made robots. Tom 2.had an urge to （渴望）make it become more powerful. However, its market 3.fell away （减少）. After weighing up the 4.pros and cons （利与弊）, he decided to develop new products 5.on a regular basis （定期）. He 6.tested out （测验） a new kind of robot, which 7.turned out（结果是） to be a success. The new robot was 8.more like （更像）a man and 9.superior to （比……更好）other companies’ productions. So it sold well. Almost all the employees admired his competence, even those who had 10.conflicted with （与……冲突） him in the work.
二、话题重现
When you think of robots, what is the first thing that comes to your mind Do you like science fiction movies like Star Wars, 1. where robots of all shapes and sizes are part of daily life Robots were once just a product of fiction. The word itself comes from the play Rossum’s Universal Robots, 2.written（write） in 1921 by Karel C (ˇ) apek.
Today most robots don’t look like humans. They appear in many forms and 3.are programmed（program） to perform a wide variety of things, from working in factories 4.to exploring the surface of Mars. But there is a surprising problem in the world of robots: What humans find easy is 5.extremely（extreme） complex for a robot. For example, picking up clothes in 6.a messy room is simple for humans, while it is difficult for robots to do that. Another problem is programming a robot to pick up some objects of different shapes and sizes without damaging 7.them（they）.
It turns out that one of the most difficult things 8.to improve（improve） in robots is their flexibility. Exciting 9.developments（develop） in making human-like hands and legs are underway. But the biggest advancements are to teach robots to learn what they can do and 10.how they can help us with daily tasks.
三、写作提能
青少年都有自己的梦想，但是有时候他们的梦想会和家人有冲突。请根据提示以“John’s dream”为题写一篇短文。
John’s dream
John 1.had an urge to be（想要成为） a writer of science fiction. However, his dream 2.conflicted with（与……冲突） his father’s expectation. He thought that John’s idea was 3.ridiculous and random（荒唐且不可思议）. John’s father wanted him to be a lawyer 4.because of its high salary and bonus（因为薪水和奖金高）. John’s sister thought John’s idea was 5.superior to（比……更好）their father’s. Moved by John’s determination, his father finally 6.declared to the whole family（向全家宣布） that he would spare no effort to support him.UNIT2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
词句默写
1 分层单词
写作词汇
1. joint n.公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所）；关节 adj.联合的；共同的
2. sponsor vt.倡议；赞助；主办 n.（法案等的）倡议者；赞助者
3. liberty n.自由
4. temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的
5. phase n.阶段；时期
6. trunk n.树干
7. hatch vi.孵出；破壳 vt.使孵出；策划；（尤指）密谋
8. capacity n.能力；容量
9. fence n.栅栏；围栏
10. grand adj.大；宏大的
阅读词汇
1. equator n.赤道
2. barbecue n.户外烧烤；烤架
3. herb n.药草；香草；草本
4. hollow adj.中空的；空心的
5. straightforward adj.坦率的；简单的
6. strait n.海峡
7. sample n.样本；样品
8. session n.一场；一段时间；会议
9. nest n.巢穴；鸟窝；秘密窝点
拓展词汇
1. foundation n.创建；基础；地基→foundational adj.基本的；基础的→found v.创建,创办（组织或机构,尤指提供资金）；建立
2. political adj.政治的→politics n.政治（学）
3. bakery n .面包（糕饼）店；面包厂→baker n.面包（糕饼）师傅；面包店老板
4. entitle vt.给……命名（或题名）；使享有权利→entitlement n.（拥有某物或做某事的）权利,资格；有权得到的东西
5. dive vi.& n.潜水；跳水；俯冲→diver n.潜水者；潜水员
6. freedom n.自由；不受……影响的状态→free adj.自由的；免费的→freely adv.自由地
7. distribution n.分布；分配；分发→distribute vt.分配；分发
8. frequency n.发生率；重复率；（声波或电磁波振动的）频率→frequent adj.频繁的；经常发生的→frequently adv.频繁地；经常
9. violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violence n.暴力；暴行→violently adv.强烈地；激烈地；猛烈地
10. biology n.生理；生物学→biologist n.生物学家→biological adj.生物学的
11. capacity n.能力；容量→capable adj.有能力；有才能→capability n.能力；才能；（国家的）军事力量,军事武器
12. prison n.监狱；监禁→prisoner n.囚犯；犯人
2 高频短语
1. do research on做关于……的研究
2. major in主修
3. on the other hand另一方面
4. make up组成；弥补
5. a flock of一群（羊或鸟）
6. be well-known for因……而著名
7. in the interest of基于……的利益
8. come across偶然遇到
9. a handful of少数人（或物）；一把（的量）
3 经典句型
1. I can’t wait to see（迫不及待地要去见） all of them！（can’t wait to do sth.）
2. He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth（同时用嘴呼气） and into the didgeridoo.（while doing）
3. It is said that（据说） now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.（It is said that...）
4. But it wasn’t always so popular（并不总是这么受欢迎）. In fact, in 1886, just after its construction was first proposed, many were strongly against it.（部分否定）
课前自测·必备知识串联
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或给出括号内单词的正确形式。
Next week I’m travelling to Australia, which is 1.located（locate）to the south of the equator, to visit a friend there over the school holidays. I have also read about some 2.iconic （icon） sites. I can’t wait 3.to see（see） all of them.
Since I arrived, my friend 4.has brought（bring）me to my first open-air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food! 5.Bakeries（bakery）, fast-food joints, butcher shops,cafes and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world.
My friend and I have arrived in Katherine to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines, who are native 6.to Australia. To celebrate the natural world and the spiritual world around them, they created their musical instruments, among 7.which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. I tried to learn how to play it, but failed. At last, it’s almost time for me 8.to say（say） goodbye to Australia.
Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the people 9.themselves（them）. They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude 10.to/towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. The share price dived from 49 yuan to an all-time low of 40 yuan. 突然下降，暴跌
2. I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time. 品尝，体验
3. Maloney unlocked his trunk and took out some coveralls.大箱子
4. The violence of her feelings surprised him.激情
词性变换
1. Born at an international crane foundation（found）, Emma was raised by human caretakers.
2. It’s partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political （politics）and scientific progress.
3. The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery （bake）.
4. Lately his painting has shown a new freedom （free） of expression.
5. The map shows the distribution （distribute） of this species across the world.
6. Since these substances are not licensed（license）, they cannot be sold in the area.
7. Fatal road accidents have decreased in frequency （frequent）over recent years.
8. There is growing concern about violence （violent） on television.
9. I’m quite pleased that we do have the capacity （capable） to produce that much food.
10. Biological（biology） systems have been doing this for billions of years.
短语串烧
The girl 1.majors in （专业是） biology and she devotes herself to doing research on wild animals 2.on the globe/earth （地球上）. On the one hand, she 3.keeps in close contact with （保持密切联系） the scientists in a reserve, which is 4.made up of（由……组成） several wetlands. She goes there during the 5.peak season （旺季） to do her research. She learns the habits of 6.a flock of（一群）birds there, apart from 7.a handful of（少数） monkeys. On the other hand, she 8.comes across （偶遇） some hospitable local people, who make her feel at home.
二、话题重现
The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It 1.was built（build） originally to protect the city 2.inthe Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）. It is possible 3.to walk（walk） or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After 4.spending（spend） some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what 5.better （good） than to ride on a piece of history!
We 6.hired（hire） our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky 7.but did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all 8.the way around the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and 9.watchtowers（watchtower）to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10.daily（day） routines.
三、写作提能
假定你是一名导游，请根据短文中提示写一篇短文来介绍新西兰。
New Zealand 1.is located to the south of the equator（位于赤道以南） and is a beautiful country. It covers an area of about 270 thousand square kilometers and has a population of over 5 million. I heard people mention it, so I 2.couldn’t wait to（迫不及待） travel there. I learned about it in advance and knew that there were many unique things, such as koalas, food and local customs. The people there are straightforward, and 3.a handful of them（少数人） are natives. The beach there is very clean. We can 4.go diving（去潜水） and watch 5.a flock of sheep（一群羊） eating grass.UNIT5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. bounce vi.& vt.（使）弹起；上下晃动 n.弹性；弹跳；活力
2. debt n.债务；欠款
3. spy n.密探；间谍 vi.从事间谍活动 vt.突然看见；发现
4. handwriting n.书法；书写；笔迹
5. parking n.停车位；停车
6. fry n.油煎的食物 vt.& vi.油炸；油炒；油煎
7. purse n.钱包；皮夹子（尤指女用）
8. sew vi.& vt.缝制；缝；做针线活
9. priority n.优先事项；首要的事；优先
10. cage n.笼子vt.关在笼子里
11. certificate n.合格证书；证明
12. desert n.沙漠；荒漠
阅读词汇
1. assemble vt.组装;装配 vi.& vt.收集;聚集;集合
2. hydrogen n.氢；氢气
3. categorise vt.把……分类（加以归类）
4. profile n.简介；概述；侧面轮廓 vt.扼要介绍；概述；写简介
5. participant n.参与者；参加者
6. code n.代码；密码 vt.编码；把……译成密码
7. estate n.庄园；住宅区；工业区
8. dedicate vt.把……奉献给
9. proficiency n.熟练；娴熟；精通
10. collar n.（动物）颈圈；衣领
拓展词汇
1. lawyer n.律师→law n.法律（体系）；法规；法学
2. detective n.侦探；警探→detect vt.发现；查明；侦察出
3. justice n.公平；公正；合理→just adv.正好；恰好 adj.公正的
4. accuse vt.控告；控诉；谴责→accusation n.指责；谴责；指控→accusing adj.谴责的；指责的
5. greedy adj.贪婪的；贪心的→greed n.贪婪；贪心；贪欲
6. receptionist n.接待员→reception n.招待会；接待区
7. socialist adj.社会主义的 n.社会主义者→social adj.社会的；社会上的→society n.社会
8. finance n.资金；财政；金融 vt.提供资金→financial adj.金融的；财政的
9. employer n.雇主；老板→employ vt.雇用；利用；使用→employee n.雇员,雇工→employment n.雇用；就业
10. acquire vt.获得；购得→acquisition n.获得→acquired adj.习得的；后天的；已取得的；已获得的
2 高频短语
1. be appropriate for适合
2. bounce around蹦来蹦去；弹来弹去
3. a variety of种种；形形色色
4. be based on以……为基础；根据
5. in conclusion总之
6. be passionate about对……热情
7. accuse sb. of （doing） sth.指控某人犯……罪
8. come to a conclusion得出结论
9. have a great influence on对……有很大影响
10. make contributions to为……作出贡献
11. for the sake of为了
12. attend to关怀；照料；处理
3 经典句型
1. As an adult, one of the first questions you are asked when meeting someone new（当遇到陌生人） is,“What do you do ”（状语从句的省略）
2. This is because（这是因为） your career is a very important part of who you are. （This is because...）
3. I wish I had thought（考虑） more about what I really wanted to do. （wish从句中的虚拟语气）
4. Do you agree that there is no point studying something（学某些东西没有意义） that you like but you are not very good at （there is no point doing sth.）
5. It doesn’t matt（没有关系） whether you will go to a university or college.（It doesn’t matter＋从句）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
As an adult, you are always asked,“What do you do ” 1.This is because（这是因为） your career is a very important part of life. Some people know what they want to do from a young age, but many others just have a few ideas 2.bouncing（bounce）around in their heads. One of 3.the most effective（effective） ways to get some insight on a possible career path is to complete a “career aptitude test”. You don’t want to 4.look back（回顾） in years to come and say, “I wish I 5.had thought（think） more about what I really wanted to do.” There are many different kinds of career aptitude tests. One popular test asks the 6.participants （participant） to grade their preferences for 7.a variety of（各种各样的） work tasks. This is a great tool to help plan your career and let you know what targets you need to reach to get there. In 8.conclusion（conclude）, career aptitude tests are clearly a very useful tool. However, it is important 9.to remember（remember） that they are only meant for guidance. The secret to a good career is finding something that you are passionate 10.about.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. In the summer before I entered middle school, I read the book They Cage the Animals at Night. 把（动物）关在笼中
2. She recovered from the injury quickly. All her old bounce was back. 活力
3. We could see the profile of a distant hill if it is very clear. 轮廓
4. Farmers are deserting their fields and coming here looking for jobs. 舍弃
词性变换
1. He only wants freedom, justice （just）and equality.
2. To some extent, this accusation （accuse） has some truth to it.
3. Mary became an honest girl and was never greedy （greed） again.
4. He’s too serious and dedicated （dedicate）, wrapped up in his career.
5. I am proficient （proficiency） in English and I can speak a little German.
6. Professors are not trained nurses, financial （finance） aid experts or your best friends.
7. As an employee, you either make money or save money for your employer （employ）.
8. He is an expert in studying the acquisition （acquire） of a second language.
短语串烧
1.Looking back （回顾） the past, the famous chemist 2.was passionate about （对……热情） chemistry when he was young. His goal was to 3.make contributions to（为……作出贡献） the country. 4.For the sake of （为了）the development of the country, he wanted to find out some chemicals 5.appropriate for （适合） the wide use in many aspects. He had done a variety of experiments. Basing on the results, he 6.came to a conclusion（得出结论） that the chemicals he had found would have a great influence on the chemical industry.
7.In conclusion （总之）, he is a dedicated scientist, who has many things to 8.attend to （处理） every day.
二、话题重现
Learning how to choose a career is important not only to adults but also to students at college. People decide to have their careers 1.changed （change） simply because they dislike the job they 2.currently （current） have. They take on the jobs not because they like them but because they need to make a living. In this case, 3.getting/to get （get） career guidance is very important. The first step in choosing a career 4.is （be） understanding yourself. This will help you realize what you enjoy doing.
The best way to do this is taking a personality test, 5.and it is available on the Internet for free. It is also important to understand your values and know what you are willing to do. Next, visit career guidance centers or career 6.websites （website）. If possible, apply for a volunteer that benefits you. You can get 7.professional （profession） help and decide whether the career path is suitable for you or not. Finally, you should learn universal （通用的） skills, such as typing, writing and computer skills, which will help get opportunities to change your career in 8.the future. When you study something that leads to just one career, then you may have closed all other opportunities for changing your career. Choosing a career is important because most of the time in our lives 9.is spent （spend） at work.
Therefore, 10.putting（put） interests and hobbies into careers can always lead to the best jobs.
三、写作提能
“职业生涯规划（Career Planning）”是高中学生的必修课。做好未来职业规划，才能更准确地走好现在的每一步。请以“我的理想职业”为主题写一份面向全校师生的演讲稿，内容必须包括：
1.理想职业的内容； 2.选择这个职业的理由； 3.现在需要做哪些准备。
My Ideal Career
Dear teachers and students,
Now I’m telling you something about my ideal career in details.
I make up my mind to be a journalist because I think I 1.have an aptitude for（有天赋） it. I choose it as my career for two reasons. First, the job lets me know new things every day, thus keeping myself 2.energetic and passionate（精力充沛并且充满激情） all the time. Second, working as a journalist can help me realize my childhood dream of being a hero of spreading love to others.
To achieve this goal, my priority is to study hard to 3.acquire a good knowledge of （学好） Chinese and other subjects. In my spare time, I will try my best to improve my 4.writing proficiency（写作水平）.
In conclusion，I will 5.dedicate myself to （把自己奉献于）my beloved career—a journalist.UNIT4 SHARING
词句默写
1 分层单词 写作词汇
1. parcel n.包裹 vt.裹好；打包
2. jam n.果酱；堵塞
3. mail n.邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给
4. weed n.杂草；野草vt.& vi.除杂草
5. uniform n.校服；制服 adj.一致的；统一的
6. shade vt.给……遮挡（光线）；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
7. wrinkle vt.& vi.（使脸上）起皱纹；皱起 n.皱纹
8. drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
9. deserve vt.值得；应得；应受
10. contract vt.感染（疾病）；与……订立合同（或契约） n.合同；契约
11. pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷
阅读词汇
1. chorus n.合唱曲;合唱团 vt.合唱;齐声说
2. cotton n.棉布；棉花
3. tablet n.平板电脑；便笺本；药片
4. rigid adj.死板的；固执的
5. bubble vi.起泡；沸腾
6. tube n.管子；管状物
7. circus n.马戏团
8. platform n.平台；站台；舞台
9. leftover adj.吃剩的;残留的 n.吃剩的食物;遗留物
10. criterion n.标准；准则；原则
拓展词汇
1. dust n.沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰→dusty adj.布满灰尘的
2. chemist n.化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n.化学；物质的化学组成（或性质）→chemical adj.与化学有关的；化学的
3. ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的→ripen v.（使）成熟→ripeness n.成熟
4. disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的→disability n.缺陷；障碍
5. resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去→resignation n.辞职
6. lately adv.最近；不久前；近来→latest adj.最近的；最新的→late adj.接近末期；在晚年；迟到→later adv.后来；以后
7. input n.情况；信息；投入；输入vt.输入→output n.（人、机器、机构的）产量，输出量 v.输出
8. consultation n.咨询；咨询会→consult vt.& vi.咨询；请教；商量
9. stability n.稳定（性）；稳固（性）→stabilize v.（使）稳定,稳固→stable adj.稳定的；稳固的
2 高频短语
1. a chorus of齐声；异口同声
2. not to mention更不用说；且不说
3. shake hands with与……握手
4. get through完成；通过；接通
5. dry up （使）变干；（使）干透
6. take... for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
7. relay to转达给……；转发给……
8. pray that但愿
9. be allergic to对……过敏
3 经典句型
1. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school（我走到学校只需要几分钟） down a dusty track covered in weeds.（It takes sb. some time to do sth.）
2. Tombe’s father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a wrinkled forehead, led us to his house, a low, round bamboo hut with no windows, with a door just big enough to get through, and with grass sticking out of the roof （草从屋顶伸出来）—this shows it is a man’s house.（with复合结构）
3. There is no doubt that（毫无疑问） these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories.（There is no doubt that...）
4. Yeah, what if（如果……会怎么样） we have to clean out the smelly cages （what if）
5. Now that I understand how important my mother’s work is（既然我明白了我母亲的工作有多重要）, I’ve decided to become a volunteer myself to help people in other lands. （now that）
课前自测·必备知识串联阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词给出括号内单词的正确形式或根据汉语提示完成句子。
I have been in the jungle for about a month now. There is no electricity, running water or even textbooks, 1.not to mention（更不用说） laptops, tablets, or other modern devices! All the students don’t wear cotton 2.uniforms（uniform）and only have pencils, rubbers, and paper. There isn’t even a washroom. Once the class became a circus as the students jumped out of the windows when 3.seeing（see）the mixture bubbling out of the test tube. Last weekend, 4.it took another teacher and I a long time to go to Tombe’s home. We walked down a 5.shaded（shade） path. After two and a half hours we met Tombe’s parents. His father, Mukap, a man with a strong jaw and a 6.wrinkled（wrinkle） forehead, led us to a bamboo hut. Such housing is dark inside and there was a platform for us to sleep on. Mukap built a fire outside and cooked delicious food, 7.including（include） kau kau, ripe corn and greens. Later, I noticed a can 8.standing（stand） upside down on the grill over the fire. Tombe threw it out of the doorway. Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry 9.out the leftover food. We left the village the next morning after many goodbyes and firm handshakes. It was such 10.a privilege to have spent a day with Tombe’s family.
一、词汇训练 熟词生义
1. [2020浙江]For all of Bellevue’s success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways.挤满的，拥挤不堪的
2. That might mean developing a uniform way to mark videos and images.一致的；统一的
3. Blood is only expelled（排出） from the heart when it contracts. 收缩
词性变换
1. It’s been years since they were dusty（dust） little rooms with books.
2. I had always been fascinated by chemistry（chemist）, biology, and math.
3. Pick and ripen（ripe）any green fruits in a warm dark place.
4. His disability（disable） makes it difficult for him to do some things.
5. There were calls for her resignation（resign） from the board of directors.
6. But one question has been on my mind a lot lately（late）.
7. The decision was taken after close consultation（consult） with local residents.
8. I am confident that we can restore peace, stability（stable） and respect for the rule of law.
短语串烧
My students were too busy to have enough time to do outdoor activities, 1.not to mention（更不用说） spending a long time going hiking. One day, I 2.relayed to（转达给） students that we would go hiking this Saturday and 3.a chorus of（异口同声）shouts broke out. Feeling excited, some even came up to me to 4.shake hands with（与……握手）me. But I told them that it would 5.depend on（取决于） the weather of that day. They should 6.take good care of（好好照顾） themselves and shouldn’t 7.take their safety for granted（对他们的安全不重视）. What’s more, they also should learn to 8.get through（渡过）difficulties during the hiking. For example, they should know how to 9.dry up（使变干） their wet clothes quickly. We all 10.prayed that（但愿） our trip would be happy.
二、话题重现
One will be happy when he 1.helps（help） others. I learn about this through my own experiences. Last year I joined a volunteer organization which provided me 2.with many opportunities to help others. Last Sunday we went to an orphanage where there were about thirty children 3.who/that were disabled. When I saw those 4.lovely （love） children, I felt rather sorry for them. Although 5.Having experienced（experience） some pains and sufferings, they faced the world with smiles. All the volunteers here, including me, thought that it was high time that we 6.did/should do（do） something for them. Therefore, we arranged some activities. After doing some washing and reading stories for them, we played simple games together with them. Seeing them playing happily, I 7.was moved（move） to tears and realized what they needed was not only material assistance 8.but love from others as well.
When we left, both the children and we volunteers were unwilling 9.to part （part）. Although spending time with these children and in assisting others has taken up most of my spare time, I feel even 10.happier（happy） than before because I can bring others happiness.
三、写作提能
假定你是李华，你得知你所在城市的美术馆要举办中国画画展。请你写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事情。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I am more than delighted to learn that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery. I think it is 1.a perfect platform（一个完美的平台） for me to develop my ability, which 2.deserves to be applied for（值得申请）. So I am writing this application letter.
First, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can 3.communicate freely with（与……自由交流） others in English. Additionally, years of being a monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which will help a lot to keep the exhibition in order. The most important factor is that 4.my related knowledge（我的相关知识） will undoubtedly help the audience learn more about the unique Chinese art form.
Finally, I think it will be 5.a privilege（有幸）to attain this position. I 6.pray that（期盼） you can take my application into consideration.
Yours,
Li Hua
