Unit 8 GREEN LIVING
LESSON 1 ROOTS AND SHOOTS
一、英译汉（答案见汉译英）。
1. root /ru:t/ n.________________
2. shoot / u:t/ n.________________
3. bothered / b d/ adj.________________
4. not be bothered to do sth. /n t bi b d t du s mθ / ________________
5. just-me-ism /d st mi z m/ n.________________
6. gallon / g l n/ n.________________
7. take action /te k k n/ ________________
8. institute / nst tju:t/ n.________________
9. chimpanzee / t mp n zi:/ n.________________
10. firm /f :m/ adj.________________
11. foundation /fa n de n/ n.________________
12. brick /br k/ n.________________
13. all around the world / :l ra nd w :ld/ ________________
14. wag /w g/ vi.________________
15. involve / n v lv/ vt.________________
二、用荧光笔在文中标出本单元单词，在语篇中熟记词汇。
Breaking the "Just-Me-ism" Mindset
Many people practice just-me-ism – leaving taps running, lights on, or littering because they are not bothered to act responsibly. This mindset wastes millions of gallons of water and creates mountains of trash. As Dr. Jane Goodall warns, if everyone thinks "it's just me", collective harm becomes devastating.
To combat this, Goodall founded the institute Roots & Shoots in the 1990s. Inspired by her work with wild chimpanzees, this movement empowers youth worldwide to take action for nature. Its name symbolizes strength: roots build a firm foundation underground, while tender shoots break through brick walls to reach light.
Every small act matters – making a dog wag its tail or watering a plant. All around the world, young people involve themselves in projects proving that individuals collectively create change. As Goodall says: "Every individual makes a difference." Will you join this global community
短文填词：根据中文翻译拼写词汇。
Breaking the "________-________" Mindset
Many people practice ________ – leaving taps running, lights on, or littering because they ________ ________ ________ ________ act responsibly. This mindset wastes millions of ________s of water and creates mountains of trash. As Dr. Jane Goodall warns, if everyone thinks "it's ________ ________", collective harm becomes devastating.
To combat this, Goodall founded the ________ ________ ________ in the 1990s. Inspired by her work with wild ________s, this movement empowers youth worldwide to ________ ________ for nature. Its name symbolizes strength: ________s build a ________ ________ underground, while tender ________s break through ________ walls to reach light.
Every small act matters – making a dog ________ its tail or watering a plant. ________ ________ ________ ________, young people ________ themselves in projects proving that individuals collectively create change. As Goodall says: "Every individual makes a difference." Will you join this global community
四、短文翻译。
打破 “唯我主义” 心态
如今，许多人秉持着 “唯我主义”—— 任由水龙头流水、电灯长明，或是随手乱扔垃圾，只因懒得承担责任。这种心态导致数百万加仑的水资源被浪费，堆积如山的垃圾应运而生。正如珍 古道尔博士所警示的：如果每个人都觉得 “就我一个人这样没关系”，那么众人造成的集体伤害将是毁灭性的。
为了改变这种状况，古道尔在 20 世纪 90 年代创立了 “根与芽” 协会。受她研究野生黑猩猩工作的启发，这一运动鼓励全球青年为保护自然采取行动。协会的名字象征着力量：地下的根系筑牢坚实的根基，而柔弱的新芽能冲破砖墙，向着阳光生长。
每一个微小的行动都意义非凡 —— 让一只小狗摇起尾巴，或是为一株植物浇上水。在世界各地，年轻人投身于各类项目，用行动证明：个体的力量汇聚起来，就能带来改变。正如古道尔所说：“每个个体都能产生影响。” 你愿意加入这个全球社群吗？
五、答案。
Just-me-ism 2. are not bothered to 3. gallons 4. just me 5. institute, Roots and Shoots
chimpanzees 7. take action 8. roots 9. firm, foundation 10. shoots 11. brick
12. wag 13. All around the world 14. involve
汉译英（答案见英译汉）。
1. ________________ /ru:t/ n.树根
2. ________________ / u:t/ n.芽,苗;嫩枝 vt.射中;射击
3. ________________ / b d/ adj.担心的;烦恼的
4. ________________ /n t bi b d t du s mθ / 懒得做某事
5. ________________ /d st mi z m/ n.以自我为中心
6. ________________ / g l n/ n.加仑
7. ________________ /te k k n/ 采取行动
8. ________________ / nst tju:t/ n.机构;研究院
9. ________________ / t mp n zi:/ n.黑猩猩
10. ________________ /f :m/ adj.坚实的;稳固的
11. ________________ /fa n de n/ n.基础;地基
12. ________________ /br k/ n.砖,砖块
13. ________________ / :l ra nd w :ld/ 全世界
14. ________________ /w g/ vi.&vt.(狗)摇(尾巴)
15. ________________ / n v lv/ vt.参与;包含Unit 8 GREEN LIVING
LESSON 3 “WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD
英译汉（答案见汉译英）。
1. parking / pɑ:k / n.________________
2. therefore / e f :(r)/ adv.________________
3. path /pɑ:θ/ n.________________
4. come up with /k m p w / ________________
5. disappear / d s p (r)/ vi.________________
6. tracking /'tr k / n.________________
7. destination / dest ne n/ n.________________
8. pedal / pedl/ vi.________________
二、用荧光笔在文中标出本单元单词，在语篇中熟记词汇。
The Evolution of "White Bikes"
Amsterdam's flat terrain makes cycling convenient, with ample bicycle parking and dedicated paths. Therefore, 38% of trips use bikes, earning it "City of Bicycles". The concept began in the 1960s when cycling fans came up with "white bikes" – free public bikes to reduce pollution. Sadly, all bikes disappeared within weeks due to theft.
In 1999, "white bikes" returned with tracking systems. Users inserted cards to unlock brightly colored bikes and parked them at special stations near their destination. This innovation pedalled globally, inspiring China's bike-sharing schemes. Today, shared bikes offer cheap, eco-friendly transport, though parking issues persist. Solutions are evolving to ensure sustainable urban mobility.
短文填词：根据中文翻译拼写词汇。
The Evolution of "White Bikes"
Amsterdam's flat terrain makes cycling convenient, with ample bicycle ________ and dedicated ________. ________, 38% of trips use bikes, earning it "City of Bicycles". The concept began in the 1960s when cycling fans ________ ________ ________ "white bikes" – free public bikes to reduce pollution. Sadly, all bikes ________ within weeks due to theft.
In 1999, "white bikes" returned with ________ systems. Users inserted cards to unlock brightly colored bikes and parked them at special stations near their ________. This innovation ________ globally, inspiring China's bike-sharing schemes. Today, shared bikes offer cheap, eco-friendly transport, though ________ issues persist. Solutions are evolving to ensure sustainable urban mobility.
四、短文翻译。
“白色自行车” 的演变
阿姆斯特丹地势平坦，骑行十分便利，这里不仅有充足的自行车停车位，还有专用车道。因此，38% 的出行都选择自行车，这座城市也被誉为 “自行车之城”。这一理念始于 20 世纪 60 年代，当时骑行爱好者们提出了 “白色自行车” 计划 —— 提供免费的公共自行车以减少污染。遗憾的是，短短几周内，所有自行车都因被盗而消失了。
1999 年，“白色自行车” 带着追踪系统回归。用户插入卡片即可解锁色彩鲜艳的自行车，并在目的地附近的专用站点停放。这一创新迅速风靡全球，还启发了中国的共享单车模式。如今，共享单车提供了廉价且环保的出行方式，尽管停车问题依然存在，但解决方案也在不断优化，以确保城市交通的可持续发展。
五、答案。
1. parking 2. paths 3. Therefore 4. came up with 5. disappeared
6. tracking 7. destination 8. pedalled 9. parking
六、汉译英（答案见英译汉）。
1. ________________ / pɑ:k / n.(车辆等的)停放
2. ________________ / e f :(r)/ adv.因此;由此
3. ________________ /pɑ:θ/ n.小径,小道
4. ________________ /k m p w / 想出,想到
5. ________________ / d s p (r)/ vi.消失,不见
6. ________________ /'tr k / n.跟踪
7. ________________ / dest ne n/ n.目的地;终点
8. ________________ / pedl/ vi.&vt.骑 n.踏板Unit 8 GREEN LIVING
THE REST
英译汉（答案见汉译英）。
1. resident / rez d nt/ n.________________
2. official / f l/ n.________________
3. attitude / t tju:d/ n.________________
4. diagram / da gr m/ n.________________
5. percentage /p sent d / n.________________
6. take part in /te k pɑ:t n/ ________________
7. cut back on /k t b k n/ ________________
8. disposable /d sp z bl/ adj.________________
9. packaging / p k d / n.________________
10. plastic / pl st k/ adj.________________
11. honey / h ni/ n.________________
12. butter / b t (r)/ n.________________
13. yoghurt /'j g :t/ n.________________
14. container /k n te n (r)/ n.________________
15. majority /m d r ti/ n.________________
16. air conditioning /e (r) k n d n / n.________________
17. sum /s m/ vt.________________
18. to sum up /t s m p/ ________________
19. indicate / nd ke t/ vt.________________
20. landfill / l ndf l/ n.________________
21. clean-burning /kli:n b :n / adj.________________
22. waste-to-energy /we st t en d i/ adj.________________
23. footwear / f twe (r)/ n.________________
24. annually / nju li/ adv.________________
25. near-surface /n (r) s :f s/ adj.________________
26. build-up /b ld p/ n.________________
27. pollutant /p lu:t nt/ n.________________
28. flooding /fl d / n.________________
29. overflow / v fl / vi.________________
Green Living: From Awareness to Action
A recent survey of city residents by officials revealed positive environmental attitudes. The diagram showed 96% believe protecting nature is essential. Most take part in recycling, while 70% cut back on disposable packaging like plastic honey jars, butter tubs, and yoghurt containers. The majority also cycle instead of driving.
To sum up, results indicate strong eco-awareness but weaker action on saving water and reducing air conditioning use. Meanwhile, global solutions advance. Sweden uses clean-burning waste-to-energy plants, diverting trash from landfills. In Africa, recycled materials become footwear, turning waste into resources.
However, crises escalate. Air pollutants from fossil fuels kill millions annually. Near-surface temperatures rise due to carbon build-up, causing extreme weather and flooding. Overflowing landfills, like Shanghai's 7.9 million-tonne site, threaten water supplies. Responsibility—the fourth "R"—is now vital for true sustainability.
短文填词：根据中文翻译拼写词汇。
Green Living: From Awareness to Action
A recent survey of city ____________ by ____________ revealed positive environmental ____________. The ________ showed 96% believe protecting nature is essential. Most ________ ________ ________ recycling, while 70% ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ like ________ ________ jars, ________ tubs, and ________ ____________. The ________ also cycle instead of driving.
________ ________ ________, results ________ strong eco-awareness but weaker action on saving water and reducing ________ ________ use. Meanwhile, global solutions advance. Sweden uses ________ ________ ________ plants, diverting trash from ____________. In Africa, recycled materials become ________, turning waste into resources.
However, crises escalate. Air ____________ from fossil fuels kill millions ________. ________ temperatures rise due to carbon ________, causing extreme weather and ________. ________ing landfills, like Shanghai's 7.9 million-tonne site, threaten water supplies. Responsibility—the fourth "R"—is now vital for true sustainability.
四、短文翻译。
绿色生活：从意识到行动
官员近期对城市居民开展的一项调查显示，人们对环境持积极态度。图表数据表明，96% 的受访者认为保护自然至关重要。多数人参与回收利用，70% 的人减少使用一次性包装，比如塑料蜂蜜罐、黄油盒和酸奶杯。此外，大部分人选择骑自行车而非开车出行。
总体而言，调查结果显示公众的环保意识较强，但在节约用水和减少空调使用方面，行动力度相对薄弱。与此同时，全球范围内的环保解决方案正在推进。瑞典采用清洁燃烧的垃圾发电站，将垃圾从填埋场转移出来加以利用；在非洲，回收材料被制成鞋类，变废为宝。
然而，环境危机愈演愈烈。化石燃料产生的空气污染物每年导致数百万人死亡；碳积累使近地表温度上升，引发极端天气和洪水；像上海那个 790 万吨级的垃圾填埋场，已因垃圾溢出威胁到水源供应。如今，“责任”—— 作为环保领域的第四个 “R”（注：通常环保 “3R” 为 Reduce、Reuse、Recycle，此处新增 Responsibility），对实现真正的可持续发展至关重要。
五、答案。
residents 2. officials 3. attitudes 4. diagram 5. take part in 6. cut back on 7. disposable 8. packaging 9. plastic 10. honey 11. butter 12. yoghurt 13. containers 14. majority
To sum up 16. indicate 17. air conditioning 18. clean-burning 19. waste-to-energy
landfills 21. footwear 22. pollutants 23. annually 24. Near-surface 25. build-up
26. flooding 27. Overflowing
六、汉译英（答案见英译汉）。
1. ________________ / rez d nt/ n.居民
2. ________________ / f l/ n.官员,高级职员 a.公务的
3. ________________ / t tju:d/ n.看法;态度
4. ________________ / da gr m/ n.图解,示意图
5. ________________ /p sent d / n.百分比,百分率
6. ________________ /te k pɑ:t n/ 参加
7. ________________ /k t b k n/ 削减,缩减
8. ________________ /d sp z bl/ adj.一次性的,用完即丢弃的
9. ________________ / p k d / n.包装盒(瓶、袋),包装材料
10. ________________ / pl st k/ adj.塑料制的
11. ________________ / h ni/ n.蜂蜜
12. ________________ / b t (r)/ n.黄油,牛油
13. ________________ /'j g :t/ n.酸奶
14. ________________ /k n te n (r)/ n.容器
15. ________________ /m d r ti/ n.大多数
16. ________________ /e (r) k n d n / n.空调系统
17. ________________ /s m/ vt.概括,总结
18. ________________ /t s m p/ 总之
19. ________________ / nd ke t/ vt.表明;显示
20. ________________ / l ndf l/ n.废弃物填埋场
21. ________________ /kli:n b :n / adj.清洁焚烧的
22. ________________ /we st t en d i/ adj.以垃圾作为能源的
23. ________________ / f twe (r)/ n.鞋类
24. ________________ / nju li/ adv.每年;一年一度地
25. ________________ /n (r) s :f s/ adj.近地表的
26. ________________ /b ld p/ n.增长;加强
27. ________________ /p lu:t nt/ n.污染物
28. ________________ /fl d / n.水灾,洪水泛滥
29. ________________ / v fl / vi.&vt.满是,有许多;泛滥Unit 8 GREEN LIVING
Topic Talk
一、英译汉（答案见汉译英）。
1. tap /t p/ n.________________
2. tissue / t u:/ n.________________
3. ocean / n/ n.________________
4. smog /sm g/ n.________________
5. desert / dez t/ n.________________
6. global / gl bl/ adj.________________
7. industrial / n d stri l/ adj.________________
8. extinction / k st k n/ n.________________
9. solution /s lu: n/ n.________________
10. electricity / lek tr s ti/ n.________________
11. transport / tr nsp :t/ n.________________
12. recycle / ri: sa kl/ vi.________________
13. battery / b tri/ n.________________
14. carbon / kɑ:b n/ n.________________
15. balance / b l ns/ n.________________
16. do my part for sth. /du ma pɑ:t f (r) s mθ / ________________
17. flat /fl t/ n.________________
二、用荧光笔在文中标出本单元单词，在语篇中熟记词汇。
Embracing Green Living
We face serious environmental problems today. Various types of pollution surround us, such as ocean plastic waste, industrial smoke causing smog, and air pollution from vehicles. These issues lead to global warming, desert expansion, and even animal extinction. To combat them, we need practical solutions.
First, changing daily habits is key. Tap water waste can be reduced by fixing dripping faucets. Using public transport or cycling instead of driving cuts carbon emissions. At home, do my part for the planet by switching off lights—never leave the house with lights still on. Also, use less tissue paper and recycle materials like battery packs. Second, community actions matter. Join clean-ups to pick up litter in parks or beaches. Volunteer for tree-planting drives; plant more trees helps restore balance between humans and nature.
To me, green living means respecting nature’s limits. Simple acts like carrying reusable bags or avoiding single-use plastics save resources. Increasing electricity efficiency—such as using solar panels—also protects Earth. As Ban Ki-moon warned, there is no "Planet B." Let’s live in harmony with nature!
短文填词：根据中文翻译拼写词汇。
Embracing Green Living
We face serious environmental problems today. Various types of pollution surround us, such as __________ plastic waste, __________ smoke causing __________, and __________ pollution from vehicles. These issues lead to __________ warming, __________ expansion, and even animal __________. To combat them, we need practical __________.
First, changing daily habits is key. __________ water waste can be reduced by fixing dripping faucets. Using public __________ or cycling instead of driving cuts __________ emissions. At home, __________ the planet by switching off lights—never __________. Also, __________ paper and __________ materials like __________ packs. Second, community actions matter. Join clean-ups to __________ in parks or beaches. Volunteer for tree-planting drives; __________ helps restore __________ between humans and nature.
__________ means respecting nature’s limits. Simple acts like carrying reusable bags or avoiding single-use plastics __________. Increasing __________ efficiency—such as using solar panels—also protects Earth. As Ban Ki-moon warned, there is no "Planet B." Let’s live in harmony with nature!
四、短文翻译。
拥抱绿色生活
如今，我们面临着严峻的环境问题。各种污染环绕着我们：海洋塑料垃圾、工业废气造成的雾霾、交通工具产生的空气污染…… 这些问题引发了全球变暖、沙漠扩张，甚至导致动物灭绝。要应对这些挑战，我们需要切实可行的解决方案。
首先，改变日常习惯是关键。修理滴水的水龙头可以减少自来水浪费；选择公共交通或骑自行车出行，而非开车，能降低碳排放。在家时，我会尽自己的一份力：随手关灯 —— 出门时绝不留灯；减少纸巾使用；回收电池等物品。其次，社区行动也很重要。参与清洁活动，捡拾公园或海滩上的垃圾；志愿参加植树活动 —— 多植树有助于恢复人与自然的平衡。
对我而言，绿色生活意味着尊重自然的限度。携带可重复使用的袋子、避免一次性塑料制品等简单行动，都能节约资源。提高用电效率 —— 比如使用太阳能板 —— 同样能保护地球。正如潘基文所警示的，地球是我们唯一的家园，没有 “备用星球”。让我们与自然和谐共处吧！
五、答案。
1. ocean 2. industrial 3. smog 4. air 5. global 6. desert 7. extinction 8. solution 9. Tap 10. transport 11. carbon 12. do my part for 13. leave the house with lights still on 14. use less tissue 15. recycle 16. battery 17. pick up litter 18. plant more trees 19. balance
20. To me, green living 21. save resources 22. electricity
汉译英（答案见英译汉）。
1. ________________ /t p/ n.龙头;阀门
2. ________________ / t u:/ n.纸巾
3. ________________ / n/ n.海洋,大海
4. ________________ /sm g/ n.雾霾
5. ________________ / dez t/ n.沙漠
6. ________________ / gl bl/ adj.全球的,全世界的
7. ________________ / n d stri l/ adj.工业的
8. ________________ / k st k n/ n.灭绝
9. ________________ /s lu: n/ n.解决,解决办法
10. ________________ / lek tr s ti/ n.电
11. ________________ / tr nsp :t/ n.交通运输系统,运输方式
12. ________________ / ri: sa kl/ vi.&vt.再利用,回收利用
13. ________________ / b tri/ n.电池
14. ________________ / kɑ:b n/ n.碳
15. ________________ / b l ns/ n.平衡
16. ________________ /du ma pɑ:t f (r) s mθ / 尽自己所能做某事
17. ________________ /fl t/ n.一套公寓房 adj.平坦的Unit 8 GREEN LIVING
LESSON 2 GREENING THE DESERT
一、英译汉（答案见汉译英）。
1. poster / p st (r)/ n.________________
2. founder / fa nd (r)/ n.________________
3. profit / pr f t/ n.________________
4. pm / pi 'em/ n.________________
5. organiser /' :g na z / n.________________
6. union / ju:ni n/ n.________________
7. contented /k n tent d/ adj.________________
8. occur / k :(r)/ vi.________________
9. make sb.'s dream come true ________________
10. agriculture / gr k lt (r)/ n.________________
11. proposal /pr p zl/ n.________________
12. region / ri:d n/ n.________________
13. slim /sl m/ adj.________________
14. survival /s va vl/ n.________________
15. rate /re t/ n.________________
16. quote /kw t/ n.________________
17. headstone / hedst n/ n.________________
18. overcome / v k m/ vt.________________
19. determination /d t :m ne n/ n.________________
20. work through /w :k θru:/ ________________
21. former / f :m (r)/ adj.________________
22. current / k r nt/ adj.________________
23. county / ka nti/ n.________________
24. ordinary / :dnri/ adj.________________
二、用荧光笔在文中标出本单元单词，在语篇中熟记词汇。
Turning Sand into Hope: The Greenlife Story
A school poster announced Dr. Chen Lan's talk about NPO-Greenlife at 2 pm, organized by the Student Union. The founder, Yi Jiefang, established this non-profit group after tragedy occurred: her son’s death inspired her to "make his dream come true" by greening deserts.
Traveling to Inner Mongolia, Yi saw barren lands with minimal agriculture. She submitted a proposal to plant trees across the region. Despite slim survival rates initially, her team persisted. Now, forests thrive where deserts once spread.
On her son’s headstone, a quote reads: "Alive or fallen, you served a purpose." Yi overcame grief through action, proving that ordinary people can achieve extraordinary feats with determination. Her work continues in every county, transforming former wastelands into current oases.
短文填词：根据中文翻译拼写词汇。
Turning Sand into Hope: The Greenlife Story
A school ________ announced Dr. Chen Lan's talk about NPO-Greenlife at 2 ________, organized by the Student ________. The ________, Yi Jiefang, established this non-________ group after tragedy ________: her son’s death inspired her to "________ his ________ ________ ________" by greening deserts.
Traveling to Inner Mongolia, Yi saw barren lands with minimal ________. She submitted a ________ to plant trees across the ________. Despite ________ ________ ________ initially, her team persisted. Now, forests thrive where deserts once spread.
On her son’s ________, a ________ reads: "Alive or fallen, you served a purpose." Yi ________ grief through action, proving that ________ people can achieve extraordinary feats with ________. Her work continues in every ________, transforming ________ wastelands into ________ oases.
四、短文翻译。
点沙成金：绿生活的故事
学校海报上写着，学生会将在下午 2 点举办陈岚博士关于非营利组织 “绿生活” 的讲座。该组织的创始人易解放，是在一场悲剧后成立这个公益团体的 —— 她儿子的离世激励着她，要通过绿化沙漠 “实现他的梦想”。
易解放来到内蒙古，眼前是一片荒芜的土地，农业活动寥寥无几。她提交了一份在该地区植树造林的提案。尽管起初树木的存活率极低，但她的团队始终坚持不懈。如今，曾经沙漠蔓延的地方，已是一片郁郁葱葱的森林。
在她儿子的墓碑上，刻着这样一句话：“无论生死，你都曾肩负使命。” 易解放通过行动走出了悲痛，这证明了普通人凭借决心，也能成就非凡的壮举。她的事业在各个县域持续推进，昔日的荒地已蜕变为如今的绿洲。
五、答案。
1. poster 2. pm 3. Union 4. founder 5. profit 6. occurred 7. make, dream come true
8. agriculture 9. proposal 10. region 11. slim, survival, rate 12. headstone 13. quote
14. overcame 15. ordinary 16. determination 17. county 18. former 19. current
六、汉译英（答案见英译汉）。
1. ________________ / p st (r)/ n.海报
2. ________________ / fa nd (r)/ n.创办人,创始者
3. ________________ / pr f t/ n.盈利,利润
4. ________________ / pi 'em/ n.下午
5. ________________ /' :g na z / n.组织者,安排者
6. ________________ / ju:ni n/ n.联合会
7. ________________ /k n tent d/ adj.满意的;满足的
8. ________________ / k :(r)/ vi.发生
9. ________________ (使)某人梦想成真
10. ________________ / gr k lt (r)/ n.农业
11. ________________ /pr p zl/ n.建议,提议
12. ________________ / ri:d n/ n.地区,区域
13. ________________ /sl m/ adj.微小的;苗条的;薄的
14. ________________ /s va vl/ n.继续生存,幸存
15. ________________ /re t/ n.比率,率
16. ________________ /kw t/ n.引文,引用(的话)
17. ________________ / hedst n/ n.墓碑
18. ________________ / v k m/ vt.克服(困难);控制(感情)
19. ________________ /d t :m ne n/ n.决心;毅力
20. ________________ /w :k θru:/ 调整(情绪)
21. ________________ / f :m (r)/ adj.以前的,从前的
22. ________________ / k r nt/ adj.当前的,现时的
23. ________________ / ka nti/ n.县
24. ________________ / :dnri/ adj.普通的;平常的
