UNIT4 SPACE EXPLORATION一轮复习导学案（含答案）-2026届高三英语一轮复习人教版（2019）必修第三册

必修第三册
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
I. 阅读词汇
1. astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人
2. procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续
3. gravity n. 重力；引力
4. frontier n. 边境；国界；边远地区
5. vehicle n. 交通工具；车辆
6. satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星
7. data n. [pl.]资料；数据
8. transmit vt. & vi. 传输；发送
9. muscle n. 肌肉；实力；影响力
10. solar adj. 太阳的；太阳能的
11. orbit n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围vi. & vt. 沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
12. agency n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处
13. facility n. 设施；设备
14. pattern n. 模式；图案；模范
II. 写作词汇
1. launch vt. & n. 发射；发起；上市
2. signal vt. & vi. 标志着；标明；发信号n. 信号；标志
3. monitor n. 监视器；监测仪 vt. 监视；监测；监控
4. float vi. 浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt. 使浮动；使漂流
5. otherwise adv. 否则；要不然
6. keen adj. 热衷的；渴望的
7. beyond prep. 在更远处；超出
8. sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的
9. shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅的
10. resource n. 资源；财力；物力
11. leap n. 跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi. & vt. (leapt, leapt or leaped, leaped）跳过；跃过
12. limited adj. 有限的
III. 拓展词汇
1. mental adj. 精神的；思想的→_____________ adv. 精神上；思想上
2. recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用→_____________ adj. 可回收利用的；可再循环的
3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→_____________ n. 智力；智慧；才智
4. determine vt. 查明；确定；决定→_____________ adj. 意志坚定的；有决心的→_____________ n. 决心；果断
5. _____________ adj. 失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt. 使失望；使沮丧→_____________ n. 失望；沮丧→_____________ adj. 令人失望的；令人扫兴的
6. desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望→_____________ adj. 可取的；值得拥有的
7. _____________ adj. 独立的；自立的→_____________ adv. 独立地；自立地→_____________ n. 独立；自主；自立→【反】 _____________adj. 依赖的；有瘾的→depend vi. 依赖；取决于
8. argue vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论→_____________ n. 争论；争吵；论点
9. _____________ n. (pl._____________)（对事物的）分析；分析结果→analyse/ analyze v. 分析
10. regular adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的→_____________ adv. 有规律地；经常；定期地→【反】 _____________ adj. 无规律的；不定期的→_____________ v. 调节；管理；控制
11. attach vt. 系；绑；贴→_____________ adj. 附着的；依恋的→_____________ n. 附件；附属品；依恋
12. lack vt. 缺乏；没有 n. 缺乏；短缺→_____________ adj. 缺乏的；不足的
IV. 重点短语
1. __________________________ 继续做；坚持干
2. __________________________ 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3. __________________________ 导致；造成
4. __________________________ 所以；结果（是）
5. __________________________ 提供生活所需
6. __________________________ 用完；耗尽
7. __________________________ 抱着……的希望
8. __________________________ 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
9. __________________________ 最后
10. __________________________ 迫不及待做某事
V. 经典句式
1. 句型公式：动词-ing形式作主语
Firstly, exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger. 首先，太空探索已经在与世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了作用。
2. 句型公式：otherwise引导的含蓄虚拟条件句
Astronauts have to use tape to stick everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise. 宇航员在太空工作时，不得不用胶带把所有的东西固定下来，否则所有的东西都会飘走。
3. 句型公式：because引导表语从句
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
VI.语篇填空
Mankind has managed to create 1. ________ (facility) and vehicles to carry astronauts into the universe. They have launched rockets carrying satellites, helping transmit data back to our earth. Many 2. ________ (intelligence) people around the globe are 3. ________ (determine) to devote themselves to space exploration, even though some fatal space disasters which killed astronauts on board make them 4. ________ (disappoint). Besides, when living in space, the astronauts in the spacecrafts have to recycle dirty water so as to use it later. 5. ________ lack of gravity, their muscles become weak. They have to tape everything up, otherwise it would float around. They also need to figure out a way to store sufficient food and oxygen. However, people’s ongoing desire to explore space never 6. ________ (die). China is the third country to send humans into space 7. ________ (independent), which signals a giant leap forward for China. Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money on space exploration, 8. ________ is a shallow view. Our planet’s resources are limited and will run out in the near future, and as 9. ________ result, we should find a new home to provide resources for future generations. In closing, we should attach great importance to the 10. ________ (solve) mystery about space and carry on with space exploration regularly.
核心考点 精讲精练
Part 1 重点单词
1. disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的
disappoint vt. 使失望
disappointing adj. 令人失望的；扫兴的disappointment n. 失望；灰心；扫兴；令人失望的事或人
真题例句
(2022·北京卷) If researchers can’t keep their promises, excitement might give way to doubt, disappointment and anger, Johnson warns. Johnson警告说，如果研究人员不能兑现承诺，兴奋可能会让位于怀疑、失望和愤怒。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (外研·B3U1)
(对他的所作所为感到失望), I said all this to my best friend.
②Overcome with bitter ________ (disappoint) at his failing to win a prize, he locked himself in the room. (读后续写·心理描写)
③ (2021·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写) To their disappointment, they failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt.
→ was that they failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt. (主语从句)
→They failed to cook a Mother’s Day breakfast at the first attempt, . (定语从句)
2. desire n. 渴望；欲望；渴求vt. 渴望；期望
desirable adj. 可取的；值得拥有的
真题例句
(2024·北京卷) By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence. 到了第四年，我对成功的极度渴望盖过了我对独立的渴望。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (外研·B3U5) Research also suggests that our desire ________ (seek) risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
②Both sides consider it ________ (desire) to further the understanding between the two people.
③如果你渴望用英语流利地与外国人交流，我呼吁你立即加入我们的英语角。(邀请信)
→ , I appeal to you to join our English corner right away. (desire v. )
→ , I appeal to you to join our English corner right away. (desire n. )
signal (signalled/signaled, signalled/signaled, signalling/signaling) n. 信号；标志vt. & vi. 发信号；示意；标明；标志着
真题例句
(2022·全国乙卷) With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time. 凭借预见未来的能力，它们可以提前告知会出现的任何问题，这样快速行驶的列车就能及时进行反应。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (译林·B3U2) She signalled to her students ________ (exit) the classroom in an orderly line covering their heads with their hands.
②The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, ________ (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.
③The driver carefully picked up the injured boy, settled him in the back of the car and rushed him to the hospital,
. 司机小心地抱起受伤的男孩，把他安置在车的后排，不顾路上的红绿灯，赶紧把他送往医院。(读后续写·动作描写)
4. lack vt. 缺乏；没有n. 缺乏；短缺的东西〈变〉lacking adj. 缺少的；缺乏的
真题例句
(2022·浙江卷) A lack of trust can make people work against you rather than for you. 缺乏信任会让人们与你作对，而不是帮助你。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (人教·X3U2) I often felt sleepy and dizzy, and ________ (缺乏激情).
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and ________ (缺乏锻炼).
③由于缺乏自信和经验，Jane完全不知道该如何应对这种糟糕的情况。(读后续写·心理描写)
→ , Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation. (动词-ing形式作状语)
→ , Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation. (lack n. )
→ , Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation. (lacking adj. )
5. argue vi. & vt. 讨论；争论；说服；辩论；主张 argument n. 争论；争辩；论点
arguable adj. 可论证的；有论据的；无把握的〈近〉discuss, debate
真题例句
(2024·北京卷) Because arguing angrily leads to chaos, it was strongly discouraged. 由于愤怒地争论会引发混乱，所以这种行为是被强烈反对的。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (译林·B1U2) Heated ________ (argue) and cold silence are common between teenagers and their parents.
②They finally managed to argue him ________ taking exercise on a regular basis.
③He often argues ________ his son ________ recycling water so as to cut down the water bill effectively.
④ (2022·全国乙卷·应用文写作) Based on the above chart, 65% of the students
while 18% of the students by reading English classics. 根据上面的图表可知，65%的学生赞成听英文歌曲，而18%的学生主张可以通过阅读英文名著提高他们的英语水平。
6. attach vt. & vi. 附加；缚上；系上；贴上；使依恋；连接
attached adj. 附属的；附加的；依恋的attachment n. 附件；附属物；依恋
真题例句
(2022·浙江卷) High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields—the arts, sciences, and politics. 高水平的知识可能会使人们过于依赖用传统的方式来看待艺术、科学和政治这些跨领域的问题。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (北师大·B1U3) Next, the Chinese character Fu ________ (attach) upside down to our front door.
②Please find my application letter and resume in the ________ (attach).
③She found a box lying on the table with a card ________ (attach) to it, saying “Happy birthday”.
④We , from which we can gain many skills and increase our sense of social responsibility. 我们非常重视这些活动，从中我们可以获得许多技能，增强我们的社会责任感。(介绍信)
Part 2 短语句式
7. run out (某物) 用完；耗尽
(北师大·B2U5) The men were soon very tired and were running out of food. 队员们很快就精疲力竭了，食物也快吃完了。
考点梳理
小题练透
用run有关短语的正确形式填空
① (外研·X2U6) Within seconds, he (the greedy thief) had reached inside and ________ with a bag of shopping.
②The moment we ________ a cute wild rabbit, we rode our horses and ________ it in excitement.
③I ________ the text message in a hurry, not understanding the meaning of it.
④ (2022·新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷·读后续写) David’s energy was , but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids, he continued to advance towards the finishing line, bathed in sweat.
8. 动词-ing形式作主语
真题例句
(2024·浙江1月卷) If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. 如果你们的超市出售散装农产品，那么购买较少量的 (食物) 就更容易了。
考点梳理
小题练透
① (人教·B3U4) Firstly, ________ (explore) space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
② (译林·B1U4) We strongly encourage all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well ________ (be) the safest and most effective way to get into shape.
③It is no good ________ (set) vague goals—you will not know whether or not you have really achieved them.
④________ (expose) to the sunlight too long will do harm to one’s skin.
⑤ made my heart in my mouth, but I knew that
. 我在森林里迷路了，心都提到了嗓子眼，但是我知道害怕是没有用的。(读后续写·心理描写)
梯级训练 循序渐进
Part 1 基础达标
维度一 语境辨义
Ⅰ. 熟词生义
1. (2024·浙江1月卷) McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. ________
2. (2020·全国Ⅲ卷) “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. ________
3. (2020·天津卷) Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it. ________
4. If we adopt new approaches, there may be a leap in profits. ________
Ⅱ. 一词多义
1. otherwise A. adv. 在其他方面；另；亦 B. adv. 否则；不然 C. adv. 除此以外
① (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Levine and his research team selected volunteers aged between 45 and 64 who did not exercise much but were otherwise healthy. ________
② (2022·浙江1月卷) I guess you should be there early, otherwise you won’t get a seat. ________
③All the photographs in this book, unless stated, otherwise, date from the 1950s. ________
2. current A. adj. 现在的；当前的 B. adj. 流通的 C. n. 气流 D. n. 潮流 E. n. 电流
① (2022·浙江1月卷) With help from Tesla, Westinghouse’s firm developed a system using alternating current, which soon became the major forms of power delivery. ________
②The current money in China is RMB. ________
③We should try our best to go with the current of the times. ________
④It seems improbable that the current situation will continue. ________
⑤I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face when I opened the window. ________
维度二 考点强化
1. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing ________ (resource) not available in print.
2. (2024·北京卷) Once a pair has been determined ________ (be) suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme.
3. (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) When enough of these errors are averaged together, they cancel each other out, resulting ________ a more accurate estimate.
4. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) In artists’ representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go ________ culture and time.
5. (2023·浙江1月卷) I’ve learned a few things along the way though, which I hope you’ll find encouraging if you’re doing your best to figure ________ how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household.
6. Our planet’s resources are ________ (limit), and as ________ result, we should find a new home to provide ________ the ever increasing population.
Part 2 写作衔接
写作一 应用文 (活动报道·太空探索的相关讨论)
(2024·广西南宁高三模拟改编) 最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了一场讨论。请你写一篇关于该活动的报道并发布到校英文网站上，内容包括：1. 同学们讨论的情况；2. 你的观点。
Is exploring space a waste of time and money
　　Recently, our class had a heated discussion on whether space is worth exploring. 30% of students think it is not worthwhile, arguing that it is a waste of money exploring the space. However, 70% of us think space exploration won’t disappoint us in the long term. In my opinion, exploring space is of great benefit to us.
Firstly, we can launch satellites for communication and weather forecast. Secondly, space exploration has already promoted technological improvements that benefit us all. Finally, it can also help people realize that the world’s resources are limited and even find solutions.
In closing, exploring space should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s current and future problems.
写作二 读后续写 (心理描写·尴尬与羞愧)
Ⅰ. 素材积累
单词 red-faced; embarrass→embarrassed→embarrassing→embarrassment; awkward→ awkwardness; shame→ashamed→shameful→shameless
短语 in/with embarrassment/shame尴尬地/羞愧地 to one’s shame令某人感到羞愧的是 feel embarrassed/guilty about对……感到尴尬/惭愧 with a deep sense of shame/guilt带着深深的羞耻感/内疚感 put sb to shame使某人自愧不如 feel like a fish out of water感到不自在 put sb on the spot使某人下不来台 be struck dead with shame羞愧得要死 cover one’s face in shame羞愧地捂住脸 feel one’s face burning感觉脸发烫 with an embarrassed look on one’s face某人脸上露出尴尬的表情 blush/flush/burn with embarrassment/shame窘得/羞愧得满脸通红 lower/drop/bow one’s head in shame某人羞愧地低下了头
句子 ① (人教·X1U4) They may also hide their faces in their hands like they are embarrassed or ashamed. 他们也会双手捂脸，一副尴尬或羞愧的样子。 ②She stood still, head bowed, hands clasped in front of her. 她一动不动地站着，低着头，双手紧握在身前。 ③She suddenly realized everyone was watching her, embarrassment written all over her red face. 她突然意识到大家都在看着她，她涨红的脸上写满了尴尬。 ④She was so ashamed that she was close to tears. 她羞愧得快要哭了。
Ⅱ. 对点场景
母子亲情 (2024·江西新余高三期末测试) A few weeks later, David was walking home when something unexpected caught his attention. His gaze was fixed on a familiar figure laboring in the distance. It was his mother, Alisa, working at the construction site he had never known about. ①To his shame, he had never imagined his mother working in such conditions. He ②felt embarrassed and guilty about his previous thoughts. ③With a deep sense of shame, he stood there, shocked. The sight of her hardworking figure ④put him to shame. He ⑤felt like a fish out of water, ⑥his face burned with embarrassment. Suddenly, it occurred to him how foolish he had been, ⑦thinking only of his own embarrassment.
几周后，David正走在回家的路上，这时一件意想不到的事情引起了他的注意。他的目光定格在远处一个熟悉的、正在劳作的身影上。那是他的母亲Alisa，她在一个他从不知道的建筑工地工作。令他感到羞愧的是，他从未想过母亲会在这样的条件下工作。他对自己之前的想法感到尴尬和内疚。带着深深的羞愧感，他震惊地站在那里。看到母亲辛勤劳作的身影，他感到无地自容。他觉得不自在，他的脸因尴尬而发烫。突然，他意识到自己是多么愚蠢，只想着自己的尴尬。
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
III. 拓展词汇
1. mental adj. 精神的；思想的→mentally adv. 精神上；思想上
2. recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用→recyclable adj. 可回收利用的；可再循环的
3. intelligent adj. 有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→intelligence n. 智力；智慧；才智
4. determine vt. 查明；确定；决定→determined adj. 意志坚定的；有决心的→determination n. 决心；果断
5. disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的→disappoint vt. 使失望；使沮丧→disappointment n. 失望；沮丧→disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人扫兴的
6. desire n. 渴望；欲望 vt. 渴望；期望→desirable adj. 可取的；值得拥有的
7. independent adj. 独立的；自立的→independently adv. 独立地；自立地→independence n. 独立；自主；自立→【反】 dependent adj. 依赖的；有瘾的→depend vi. 依赖；取决于
8. argue vt. & vi. 论证；争辩；争论→argument n. 争论；争吵；论点
9. analysis n. (pl. analyses)（对事物的）分析；分析结果→analyse/ analyze v. 分析
10. regular adj. 定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv. 有规律地；经常；定期地→【反】 irregular adj. 无规律的；不定期的→regulate v. 调节；管理；控制
11. attach vt. 系；绑；贴→attached adj. 附着的；依恋的→attachment n. 附件；附属品；依恋
12. lack vt. 缺乏；没有 n. 缺乏；短缺→lacking adj. 缺乏的；不足的
IV. 重点短语
1. carry on 继续做；坚持干
2. on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
3. result in 导致；造成
4. as a result 所以；结果（是）
5. provide for sb 提供生活所需
6. run out用完；耗尽
7. in the hope of 抱着……的希望
8. figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
9. in closing 最后
10. can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
VI.语篇填空
1.facilities　2.intelligent　3.determined　4.disappointed　5.For　6.dies　7.independently　8.which　9.a　10.unsolved
Part 1　重点单词
1.①Disappointed by/at/in/with his behaviour　②disappointment　③What made them disappointed/What disappointed them; which made them disappointed/which disappointed them
2.①to seek　②desirable　③If you desire to communicate fluently with foreigners in English;If you have a desire to communicate fluently with foreigners in English
3.①to exit　②signal(l)ing　③ignoring the traffic signals along the road　
4.①lacked passion　②a lack of exercise　③Lacking confidence and experience;For lack of confidence and experience;Lacking in confidence and experience
5.①argument(s)　②into　③with;over/about　④argue for enjoying English songs; argue that they can improve their English level
6.①was attached　②attachment　③attached　④attach great importance/significance to such activities
Part 2　短语句式
7.①run away　②ran across/into; ran after　③ran through
④running out/giving out/being used up
8.①exploring　②is　③setting　④Being exposed/Exposure
⑤Being lost in the forest/Losing my way in the forest;it was no use feeling frightened
Part 1　基础达标
一、Ⅰ.1.n.常客;老主顾　2.v.提出;提请考虑(想法或计划)　3.n.启动　4.n.剧增
Ⅱ.1.①A　②B　③C　2.①E　②B　③D　④A　⑤C
二、1.resources　2.to be　3.in　4.beyond　5.out　6.limited;a;for