Section Ⅱ Using language
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1.The weather is responsible the delay of so many flights in Shanghai.
2.The library was built memory of the scientist who has made significant contributions to society.
3.Buying the facility aims （satisfy） the students’ desire to do experiments.
4.After supper my mother was observed （go） out， with a bag in her hand.
5.The small lake ranges five to fourteen feet in depth.
6.The bus company made an apology passengers any inconvenience they caused.
7.Things can easily go wrong when people are stress.
8.A study shows drinking coffee before exercise has a negative impact the heart.
9.Difficulties （strength） the mind， as labor does the body.
10.Many countries are now setting up （nation） parks where animals and plants can be protected.
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1.In the last few years， great changes in my hometown.
近几年来，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。
2.If my brother from Beijing tomorrow， I him to call you back.
如果我哥哥明天从北京回来，我会让他给你回电话。
3.This is the first time that our family in the cinema together.
这是我们全家第一次一起在电影院看电影。
4.I my family to Shanghai Disneyland tomorrow.
我明天要带我的家人去上海迪士尼乐园。
5.How these days？
近来你的学习怎样？
6.A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city the proposal for health care reform.
去年进行的一项调查显示，本市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的提议。
维度三：语法与语篇
用括号内所给动词的正确时态补全短文
Have you ever been to an amusement park？ My parents and I 1. （go） to visit the biggest amusement park in our city next weekend.Actually，this 2. （be） the third time that I have visited it.Last night，I 3. （spend） two hours making some preparations.Now， I 4. （tell） something I know about amusement parks to you.
An amusement park 5. （be） an outdoor area with games， rides and shows.It also 6. （offer） restaurants and bars where customers can eat and drink.So far， most of the amusement parks 7. （replace） by theme parks.These places 8. （focus） on a certain topic of history or natural life.The first theme park， Disneyland，9. （open） in California in 1955.It is likely that my parents 10. （take） me to Shanghai Disneyland next summer holiday.I look forward to visiting it soon.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
One day when I was 5， my mother scolded （责骂） me for not finishing my breakfast and I got angry.I wanted to play outside and not to be made to finish eating my breakfast.When angrily opening the screen door with my foot， I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left-hand corner of the new screen door.But I had no remorse， for I was happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.
Today， I know if my child had done what I did， I would have scolded my child， and told him about how expensive this new screen door was， and I would have delivered a spanking （打屁股） for it.My parents never said a word.They left the corner of the screen door pushed out， creating an opening， a breach （裂缝） in the defense against unwanted insects.
For years， every time I saw that corner of the screen， it would constantly make me think about my mistake.For years， I knew that everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it.For years， every time I saw a fly buzzing （嗡嗡） in the kitchen， I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot.I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same thing， silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home， making life more terrible for us all.My parents taught me a valuable lesson， one that a spanking or stern （严厉的） words perhaps could not deliver.Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred stern messages to me.Above all， it has helped me become a more patient person and not burst out so easily.
1.What did his parents do when the author damaged the door？
A.They gave him a spanking.
B.They left the door unrepaired.
C.They scolded him for what he had done.
D.They told him how expensive it was.
2.What does the underlined word “remorse” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean？
A.Regret. B.Joy.
C.Anger. D.Notice.
3.What effect did the experience have on the author？
A.He would hide his anger away from others.
B.He would not go against his parents’ will.
C.He would have a better control of himself.
D.He would not make mistakes in the future.
4.What is the main idea of this text？
A.Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior.
B.Parents are the best teachers of their children.
C.Patience is the key to becoming a better person.
D.One learns most when shown the result of his/her action.
B
My dad， George， only had an eighth grade education.He was a quiet man and he didn’t understand my world of school activities.From age 14， he worked.And his dad， Albert， took the money my dad earned and used it to pay family expenses.
I didn’t really understand his world either： He was a livestock trucker， and I thought that I would surpass （超过） anything he had accomplished by the time I walked across the stage at high school graduation.
The summer before my eighth grade， I was one of a group of boys that a neighboring farmer hired to work in his field.He explained our basic task， the tractor fired up and we were off， riding down the field to get rid of weeds （杂草） with chemicals.After a short way， the farmer stopped and pointed at a weed which we missed.Then we began again.It was tiring work， but I looked forward to the pay， even though I wasn’t sure how much it would amount to.
At home， my dad said， “A job is a big step to growing up.I’m glad you will be contributing to the household.” My dad’s words made me realize that my earnings might not be mine as I wished.
My labor lasted about two weeks， and the farmer said there might be more work， but I wasn’t interested.I thought it was not fair that I had to contribute my money.
The pay arrived at last.Although the job was very tiring， I was very happy in my heart for I got something from my work.“How much money have you earned？” Dad asked.I was surprised， reluctant to say my income.The next morning， my dad’s livestock truck started running.I saw my father’s hard-working figure and thought of his words， “A job is a big step to growing up.”
I understood immediately that my labor was very hard， but my growth and our whole family had been depending on the hard work of my parents！ Dad never complained （埋怨） about unfairness and he has worked for so many years！ In the evening， Dad came back.I proudly took out my own money and handed it to Dad.
5.What can we know about the author’s father？
A.He lived a rich life. B.He was well-educated.
C.He was an outgoing man. D.He worked at a young age.
6.What was the author hired to do by a neighboring farmer？
A.Wash tractors.
B.Watch the field.
C.Deal with harmful weeds.
D.Recognize different chemicals.
7.What does the underlined word “reluctant” mean in Paragraph 6？
A.Delighted. B.Content.
C.Unwilling. D.Stressed.
8.What can we infer from the article？
A.The author gave the money to his father.
B.The author finally understood the meaning of growth.
C.The relationship between the author and his father was not good.
D.The author has always been happy to put his money into the household.
C
Researchers recently studied 3，000 middle school students.Among them were 618 teenagers with one parent who lived away from home for long periods of time because of work.The researchers wanted to know how the work of these “fly-in， fly-out” parents might influence the health of their children.
A higher percentage （比例） of teenagers who experienced the long work absence of a parent had emotional （情感的） or behavioral problems compared with those whose parents worked more traditional hours.This supports earlier research finding high percentages of emotional problems in teenagers who often returned to an empty house after school or whose parents were seldom at dinner.
Findings also suggest that parents don’t have to be home all the time to be present in their children’s lives， but it helps to be home at certain times.And the best parental presence for a teenager may sometimes be like a potted （盆栽的） plant.Many parents of teenagers have known this to be true and find ways to be present without trying to start a conversation.One friend of mine quietly does housework each evening in the sitting room where her teenagers watch TV.They enjoy one another’s company （陪伴） without the need to talk.
In fact， many years of research suggest that children use their parents as a safe base from which to explore the world.Studies tell us that young children quietly follow their parents’ movements from room to room， even while carrying on with their own activities.Perhaps our teens， like babies， feel most at ease when their parents are still around.They don’t want to stay away from parents who allow them freedom.
A new school year is at hand， so as parents we could offer our teenagers a “potted flower” as a gift， whose quiet and steady （稳定的） presence will give them a great day.
9.What did the study find about the 618 teens？
A.They had more dinners with their parents.
B.They were more prepared to help themselves.
C.They were more likely to have trouble with their feelings.
D.They showed more dislike for traditional working hours.
10.What is the author’s attitude to her friend’s practice？
A.She doubts it. B.She supports it.
C.She is worried about it. D.She cares little about it.
11.What does earlier research say about young kids according to Paragraph 4？
A.They prefer to play with babies.
B.They want more freedom （自由） from parents.
C.They pay attention to parents’ behavior.
D.They show more interest in new activities.
12.What is the best title for the text？
A.Teens Want Potted Plant Parents
B.Your Kids Still Need Conversation
C.Quiet Families Raise Healthier Teenagers
D.Parents Know Little About Today’s Teenagers
Ⅱ.完形填空
When my son was eight years old， he loved to play practical jokes on me.Every time I walked into a room， a shower of stuffed animal toys （毛绒玩具） 13 on my head.He put fake flies in the ice-cube trays （制冰盒）， and ants in my purse.You never knew when or where he would strike.I admired his 14 ， but I have to admit there were days when his jokes got 15 .
One weekend， when we got home after a long day at the beach， I put the blanket in the wash.I’d throw it in the dryer the next morning.When I pulled the 16 out of the washer the next morning， a（n） 17 ， brown tarantula （狼蛛） fell at my 18 .I figured my son had 19 again.I picked it up and was 20 at how lifelike it looked.It was as big as the palm of my hand.Whoever made this toy spider really went all-out for detail.
It even had hair on it like a real tarantula.I took it inside and found my son watching television.I 21 it in his face and said， “Very funny， Adam.”
His face turned pale 22 .He backed up and said， “Mom， I didn’t do that.It’s real.” At first， I didn’t 23 him， but then I saw the 24 on his face.I screamed， he screamed， and the tarantula went flying across the room.We both ran out of the house.When we got the 25 to go back inside， it was still lying where it had landed， dead.We both started 26 so hard that we were in tears.That day cured him of his practical jokes； he knew he could never 27 that one.
13.A.drove B.jogged
C.fell D.boarded
14.A.sensitivity B.creativity
C.independence D.achievement
15.A.old B.pure
C.simple D.smart
16.A.toy B.purse
C.blanket D.clothes
17.A.small B.cute
C.amusing D.huge
18.A.face B.foot
C.head D.back
19.A.struck B.fled
C.taught D.forgave
20.A.disappointed B.terrified
C.puzzled D.amazed
21.A.lengthened B.beat
C.cut D.stuck
22.A.jokingly B.uncertainly
C.immediately D.frequently
23.A.recognize B.believe
C.appreciate D.encourage
24.A.look B.mark
C.scar D.flesh
25.A.interest B.ability
C.courage D.ambition
26.A.running B.laughing
C.dancing D.clapping
27.A.forgive B.remember
C.understand D.top
Ⅲ.语法填空
More than three decades ago， Chu Hongjun， a young man from East China’s Shandong Province， traveled to Northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， 28 （throw） himself into wildlife research and protection work in Altay Prefecture.Today， his daughter， Chu Wenwen， sticks to the faith of her father.More than that， she has 29 （successful） called on more than 1 million young people in making a joint effort to create a better living environment for the Mengxin beaver （河狸）， the only beaver species living in China， 30 is only found along the Ulungur River in Altay.
The web-savvy （精通网络的） youngster has initiated a project to livestream （直播）， 24 hours a day， how the beavers live 31 the wild.Infrared （红外线） cameras have been fixed so that viewers can monitor the ecological circulation around those small habitats 32 （build） by the beavers.“We are the young generation that grew up during the Internet boom.Today， modern online communication tools and advanced 33 （equip） used for scientific research enable us to gather more people together in the pursuit （追求） of wildlife protection，” she says.
Additionally， Chu Wenwen is also willing to take parents and their children on field trips 34 （observe） beavers firsthand.She believes that if opportunities 35 （provide） for people to learn more about the animal， they will be 36 （likely） to take action to protect it.
“We can bridge 37 gap between the public and the beavers，” she says.
28. 2 9. 30.
31. 32. 33.
34. 35. 36.
37.
Section Ⅱ Using language
基础知识自测
维度一
1.for 2.in 3.to satisfy 4.to go 5.from 6.to； for
7.under 8.on/upon 9.strengthen 10.national
维度二
1.have taken place
2.comes back； will ask
3.have seen a film
4.am taking/am going to take
5.are you getting on with your study
6.were in favour of
维度三
1.will go 2.will be 3.spent 4.am telling 5.is 6.offers
7.have been replaced 8.focus 9.opened 10.will take
素养能力提升
Ⅰ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者犯了错误，父母没有惩罚他，而是留着被他踢破的门，让作者懂得了一个道理，并成为一个更有耐心的人的故事。
1.B 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，他的父母没有修门，踢坏的地方一直是坏的。
2.A 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知，他没有后悔，反而高兴地玩玩具。
3.C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知，作者成为一个更有耐心的人，不轻易爆怒，言外之意就是作者变得能更好地控制自己。
4.D 主旨大意题。本文通过讲述作者毁坏了门，父母别致的惩罚使他吸取教训，变成一个更有耐心的人。这告诉了读者一个道理：要从错误中吸取教训。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者暑假帮邻居除草赚钱，但最后把钱交给了爸爸，因为他理解了父母的辛苦，懂得了成长的意义。
5.D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的From age 14， he worked.可知，作者的父亲在很小的时候就开始工作了。
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段中的He explained our basic task， the tractor fired up and we were off， riding down the field to get rid of weeds （杂草） with chemicals.可知，作者被附近的一个农民雇去处理有害杂草。
7.C 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的I thought it was not fair that I had to contribute my money.可知，作者不愿意把钱拿出来，想自己支配。由此推知，当爸爸问作者挣了多少钱时，作者是不愿意告知实情的。画线词与unwilling同义。
8.B 推理判断题。根据第四、五段可知，作者开始并不理解爸爸说的“工作是成长的一大步”的意义，不愿意把钱拿出来补贴家用。但在最后一段作者主动把钱交给了爸爸，说明他理解了爸爸说的话，明白了成长的意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，经历父母长时间不在身边的青少年有情绪或行为问题的比例更高。研究结果还表明，父母不必一直待在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的时间待在家里会有所帮助。作者鼓励父母给青少年提供安静和稳定的陪伴。
9.C 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，关于这618名青少年，研究发现他们更有可能在感情上有麻烦。
10.B 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可推知，作者支持她朋友的做法，孩子们喜欢父母陪伴着自己做事情。
11.C 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，关于小孩子的早期研究表明了他们关注父母的行为。
12.A 标题归纳题。一项研究发现，经历父母长时间不在身边的青少年有情绪或行为问题的比例更高。研究结果还表明，父母不必一直待在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的时间待在家里会有所帮助。作者鼓励父母给青少年提供安静和稳定的陪伴。由此可知，A项（青少年想要盆栽的父母）为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子总是喜欢搞恶作剧。一次作者把毯子从洗衣机里拿出来时，一只狼蛛掉在了她脚上，作者觉得这又是儿子的恶作剧，儿子却被吓得脸色苍白并且说那是真狼蛛。经过这件事后，作者的儿子再也不搞恶作剧了。
13.C 根据上文he loved to play practical jokes on me可知，作者的儿子喜欢和作者开玩笑。由此可知，此处应表示每次作者走进一个房间，就会有一大堆毛绒玩具落在作者的头上。drive驾驶；jog慢跑；fall掉落；board登机。
14.B 根据上文He put fake flies in the ice-cube trays （制冰盒）， and ants in my purse.可知，此处应表示作者钦佩儿子的创造力。sensitivity敏感；creativity创造力；independence独立；achievement成就。
15.A 上文提到作者钦佩儿子的创造力，根据句中的but可推知，此处应表示有时候他的恶作剧已经过时了。old过时的；pure纯净的；simple简单的；smart聪明的。
16.C 根据上文I put the blanket in the wash可知，作者把毯子洗了。此处应表示作者第二天早晨把毯子从洗衣机里拿出来。toy玩具；purse钱包；blanket毯子；clothes衣服。
17.D 根据下文It was as big as the palm of my hand.可知，此处应表示一只巨大的棕色狼蛛落在了作者的脚上。small小的；cute可爱的；amusing有趣的；huge巨大的。
18.B 参见上题解析。face脸；foot脚；head头；back背部。
19.A 根据上文You never knew when or where he would strike.可推知，此处应表示作者认为儿子又在搞袭击（恶作剧）。strike袭击；flee逃跑；teach教；forgive原谅。
20.D 根据下文how lifelike it looked.可知，此处表示作者把它捡起来，惊讶于它看起来是如此逼真。be amazed at对……感到惊讶。disappointed失望的；terrified恐惧的；puzzled吃惊的；amazed惊讶的。
21.D 根据下文in his face可知，此处表示作者把它贴在他脸上。lengthen延长；beat击败；cut 切，割；stick粘贴。
22.C 根据上文His face turned pale以及下文It’s real.可知，此处表示他的脸立刻变得苍白。jokingly开玩笑地；uncertainly不确定地；immediately立刻，马上；frequently频繁地。
23.B 上文提到作者的儿子之前经常喜欢做恶作剧。由此可推知，起初作者不相信儿子所说的话。recognize识别；believe相信；appreciate感谢；encourage鼓励。
24.A 上文提到作者儿子的脸立刻变得苍白。由此可知，作者起初不相信儿子所说的话，但后来看到了他脸上的表情才相信了儿子。look表情；mark标记；scar伤疤；flesh肉。
25.C 根据上文I screamed， he screamed可知，作者和儿子都大声尖叫。由此可知，当作者和儿子鼓起勇气回到屋里时，狼蛛还躺在降落的地方，死了。interest兴趣；ability能力；courage勇气；ambition雄心。
26.B 根据语境可知，作者和儿子都笑得流下了眼泪。run跑；laugh大笑；dance跳舞；clap拍手。
27.D 根据上文That day cured him of his practical jokes可知，这一天治好了他恶作剧的毛病。由此可知，作者的儿子知道他永远无法超越那个“恶作剧”。 forgive原谅；remember记得；understand理解；top超越。
Ⅲ.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了初雯雯在父亲的影响下投身蒙新河狸的保护工作，用现代工具和先进设备聚集更多的人去保护野生动物。
28.throwing 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词traveled且无连词，故空处应用非谓语动词；throw与其逻辑主语Chu Hongjun之间是主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。故填throwing。
29.successfully 考查词形转换。修饰谓语动词应用副词形式。故填successfully。
30.which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Mengxin beaver，从句缺少主语。故填which。
31.in 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，空处和the wild作地点状语，表示“在野外”。故填in。
32.built 考查非谓语动词。空处修饰those small habitats作后置定语，build与其逻辑主语habitats之间为动宾关系，用过去分词形式。故填built。
33.equipment 考查词形转换。空处应用名词作主语。故填equipment。
34.to observe 考查非谓语动词。结合语境可知，“实地考察”的目的是“观察河狸”，因此空处用动词不定式表目的。故填to observe。
35.are provided 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，此处是if条件状语从句的谓语部分，从句主语opportunities和所给动词provide之间是被动关系，再根据后面的will可知，此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are provided。
36.more likely 考查形容词的比较级。be likely to do表示“可能做某事”。结合语境可知，人们越多了解这种动物，就越有可能保护它，因此空处用形容词的比较级。故填more likely。
37.the 考查冠词。空处修饰名词gap，表特指。故填the。
6 / 6Section Ⅱ Using language
复习时态
①Grandfather and Father，seated at the table， are playing chess.
②Lawyers help people and are respected by others.
③ ...you have found the career that suits your talents.
④ ...you said that you wanted to be a professional football player.
⑤ ...you will have two options for your future.
【我的发现】
1.句①使用了 ，表示现在进行的动作或存在的状态；谓语动词的构成为： 。
2.句②使用了 ，表示经常或习惯性发生的动作；谓语动词一般用 ；当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词用 。
3.句③使用了 ，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在或对现在造成的影响或结果；谓语动词的构成为： 。
4.句④使用了 ，表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态；谓语动词的构成为： 。
5.句⑤使用了 ，表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态；谓语动词的构成为： 。
一、一般现在时
1.表示经常、反复或习惯性的动作。
常与often， always， usually， sometimes， every time/day/month/year ...， once a day/month/year ...， now and then， at the weekend 等时间状语连用。
I leave home for school at 7 o’clock every morning.
我每天早晨七点钟离开家去学校。
2.表示主语目前所处的状态、个性特征、能力等。
I love to get together with my friends.
我喜欢和我的朋友们在一起。
3.表示客观真理、客观存在或科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
4.表示将来发生的动作。
表示按规定、计划等预计要发生的动作，只限于go，come， leave， start， arrive， return， begin， take off 等动词（词组）。
The flight takes off at 2：30 am every Wednesday and Friday.
飞机在每周三和周五的凌晨2：30 起飞。
5.用于时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中。
在由 when， after， before， as soon as， the minute， until， if， unless， once， as long as， though， although 等引导的时间、条件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时来代替将来时，这时主句常用一般将来时。
If you work hard， you will succeed in passing the exam.
如果你努力学习，你就会通过这次考试。
【即时演练1】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①The sun （rise） in the east and sets in the west.
②Two hours （seem） very short when you are watching a film.
③Fashion differs from country to country and it （reflect） the cultural differences.
④The Dragon Boat Festival， which （date） back to the Warring States Period， is one of the most important festivals in China.
二、现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作。
（1）表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，常与now， at present， at this moment等连用。
All the classmates are reviewing the lesson in the classroom now.
所有的同学现在正在教室里复习功课。
（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作，常与these days， this week/month， recently等连用。
What are you doing these days？
你最近在忙些什么？
2.现在进行时常与always， continually， constantly， forever等表示频度的副词连用，表示经常、反复发生的动作，常含有厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。
She is always thinking of others instead of herself.
她总是想着别人而不是她自己。（赞扬）
The boy is constantly asking such silly questions.
那个男孩老是问这类愚蠢的问题。（不耐烦）
He is constantly doing good work at school.
他在学校总是成绩优秀。（表扬）
He does good work at school.
他在学校成绩优秀。（事实）
3.在口语中，表示主语按计划将要进行的动作，常与come（来）， go（去）， leave（离开）， depart（离开）， arrive（到达）， stay（逗留）， start/begin（开始）等动词连用。
Mr Smith is leaving for Nanjing tonight.
史密斯先生今晚去南京。
The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.
会议在今天下午三点开始。
【即时演练2】 根据所给汉语提示完成句子
①The teacher together with the students （正在操场慢跑） when the headmaster approaches.
②Although it is already dark， the farmers （还在田地里干活）.
③He （总是为他自己想得多） but little of others.
④I （即将动身去上海） the day after tomorrow but my uncle （要从国外回来） tomorrow.
三、现在完成时
1.表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成一定的影响或结果，常与already， yet， never， before， so far， up to now等连用。
I have already made a plan for my study ahead of time.
我已经提前制订了学习计划。
—Have you finished your homework yet？
——你做完作业了吗？
—Yes， I have already finished it.
——是的，我已经做完了。
试比较：
She has lived in Paris for twenty years.
她在巴黎住了20年了。（可能刚搬走，还可能继续住下去）
She lived in Paris for twenty years.
她在巴黎住了20年。（现在已经不在巴黎住了）
2.表示从过去开始持续到现在并有可能持续下去的动作或状态，这时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如lately， recently， these days， in the past few days， during the last two weeks， since， since two days ago， for a long time等。
We have learned English for eight years.
我们学英语八年了。
He has lived in London since three years ago.
自从三年前他就住在伦敦了。
3.在“It/This is the first/second/...time＋that从句”与“It/This is the＋序数词或形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句”这两个句型中，从句中的谓语要用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have driven a car.
这是我第一次开车。
This is the most interesting film that he has made.
这是他拍的最有趣的电影。
4.在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
I’ll go to the party as soon as I have finished my homework.
我一完成作业就去参加聚会。
【即时演练3】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①In the past few years， China （make） rapid progress in high-tech industries.
②It is the first time that the football players （set） foot upon the land of Qatar.
③I （be） here since I （come） two years ago.
四、一般将来时
（一）概念
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常常与表示将来的时间状语连用，常用的时间副词有：tomorrow， tomorrow morning， next＋时间（next Monday ...， next week， next month， next summer ...， next year）， in （the） future， soon， in＋时间段（如in five days 再过五天， in two weeks 再过两星期）等。
（二）结构及用法
1.shall/will＋动词原形
用来表示单纯的将来的安排和打算（将要发生的动作或存在的状态）。在口语中，will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称常用shall。
I’ll go and see her on Sunday.
我星期天要去看她。
2.be going to＋动词原形
用“be going to＋动词原形”来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算，就要”。
（1）表示打算或按计划、安排要做（发生）的事。
I am going to visit the volunteers this evening.
我打算今天晚上去拜访那些志愿者们。
（2）表示根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事。
Look at these clouds.It looks as if it is going to rain.
看看这些乌云，看起来要下雨了。
【即时演练4】 根据所给汉语提示完成句子
① （将去海南旅行） to visit my good friend next week.
②Go straight on， and at the street corner you （会发现一个大超市）.
③—Are you ready to go shopping？
—Wait a minute.I （要把我们需要的东西列个清单）.
④—Did you tell Julia about the result？
—Oh， no， I forgot.I （现在就给她打电话）.
五、一般过去时
1.一般过去时主要用于表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday， last week， in 1949， a few days ago等）连用。
I graduated from No.2 Middle School three years ago.
三年前我从二中毕业。
I had two eggs and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning.
今天早上我吃了两个鸡蛋，喝了一杯牛奶。
Your phone number again？ I didn’t quite catch it.
再说一遍你的电话号码好吗？我刚才没听见。
—Haven’t seen you for ages！ Where have you been？
——很久没有见到你了！你去哪里了？
—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year， teaching as a volunteer.
——我去了宁夏，在那里待了一年，作为一名志愿者教学。
2.表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。
She got up， washed her face， cleaned her teeth， had her breakfast and then went to work.
她起床后，洗完脸，刷完牙，吃过早饭，然后就去上班了。
3.表示过去时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与often， usually， sometimes等表示频度的状语连用。
I often went to school on foot last term.
上学期我经常步行去上学。
Her father usually did some housework at home last year.
她爸爸去年常常在家做些家务。
【即时演练5】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①The thief broke into the house and （threat） him with a gun.
②Despite the fact that he found it impossible to finish the task， he still （stick） with his idea.
③After he （retire） from office， Tom took up painting for a while， but soon lost interest.
④He smiled politely as Mary （apologize） for her drunken friends.
responsible adj.（对事故、错误、罪行等）负有责任的，应承担责任的
【教材原句】 Who’s responsible？谁负责呢？
【用法】
（1）be responsible for 对……负责
（2）responsibility n. 责任；义务
take responsibility for 对……负责
It is one’s responsibility to do ...做……是某人的责任
【佳句】 Mike is responsible for the severe mistake， which is beyond doubt.
迈克对此次严重错误负责，这点毋庸置疑。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①As an adult，you should be responsible your own decision.
②Each of us must take （responsible） for our own actions.
【写美】 补全句子
③ traditional Chinese customs to the whole world.
把中国传统习俗传递给全世界是我们的责任。
aim v.力求达到；力争做到；目的是；旨在；瞄准；对准 n.目的；目标；瞄准
【教材原句】 It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issues that are related to families.
它的目的是加深人们对与家庭有关的问题的认识。
【用法】
（1）aim at doing sth 力争做某事
aim to do sth 旨在做某事
be aimed at （计划或想法等）旨在……，目的是……
（2）with the aim of 意在……
achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目的
take aim at 向……瞄准
（3）aimless adj. 无目的的
aimlessly adv. 无目的地
【佳句】 “Made in China 2025” initiative aims to transform China from a manufacturing giant into one driven by innovation and emphasizing quality over quantity.
“中国制造2025”倡议旨在将中国从一个制造业大国转变为一个创新驱动、重质轻量的国家。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①There was a time when he had nothing to do， wandering （aim） in the street all day.
②When the enemy turned up， the soldier slowly raised the gun， took aim him and fired， but missed.
【写美】 一句多译
③我写信真诚地邀请您参加我们学校的乒乓球队，该队旨在培养我们的兴趣并提高我们的技巧。
→I am writing to sincerely invite you to join our table tennis team which .（aim to do）
→I am writing to sincerely invite you to join our table tennis team which .（be aimed at）
observe v.庆祝，过（节日、生日等）；观察，观测；看到，注意到；遵守（规则、法律等）
【教材原句】 With a different theme each year， the day is observed with a wide range of events ...
每年有一个不同的主题，这天用许多活动来庆祝……
【用法】
（1）observe sb do sth 观察某人做某事（全过程）
observe sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事
observe that ... 观察到……
（2）observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
（3）observe the New Year 庆祝元旦
（4）observation n. 观察；评论
【佳句】 If we observe someone running a red light， we should stop him.
如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们应该阻止他。
【点津】 observe sb do sth变为被动语态时，需将do前面省略的不定式符号to补上，即sb be observed to do sth。
【练透】 写出下列句中observe的含义
①Therefore， rules should be worked out and strictly observed.
②I’d like to tell you something about how we observe the Spring Festival.
③The far side of the moon is difficult for us to observe.
④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.
【写美】 补全句子
⑤Though having lived abroad for years， many Chinese still .
虽然许多中国人住在海外多年，但他们仍然遵守传统的风俗习惯。
range n.一系列；种类；范围；山脉 vi.变化
【教材原句】 With a different theme each year， the day is observed with a wide range of events ...
每年有一个不同的主题，这天用许多活动来庆祝……
【用法】
（1）a wide range of 广泛的
beyond/out of one’s range 超出某人的能力范围
within range of 在……范围之内
（2）range
【佳句】 Through reading books we can gain a wide range of knowledge.
通过读书，我们可以获得广泛的知识。
【点津】 range作“变动，变化”讲时，不用于进行时态。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The column has many readers， ranging the 80’s generation to the elderly.
②His theory was the range of humans’ understanding at that time.
③People living range of 20 kilometres could feel the terrible shake when the earthquake happened in that country.
【写美】 补全句子
④The Spoken English Club will regularly organize ， which Poetry Recitation.
英语口语俱乐部将定期组织各种各样的活动，从英语演讲比赛到诗歌朗诵。
apologise v.道歉
【教材原句】 Act out the conversation to apologise to a family member.表演对话，向家人道歉。
【用法】
（1）apologise for sth 因某事道歉
apologise to sb for （doing） sth 因（做）某事向某人道歉
（2）apology n. 道歉；谢罪
make/offer an apology to sb for （doing） sth 因（做）某事而向某人道歉
【佳句】 I’m writing to apologise to you for not being able to pick you up at the airport next weekend.
我写信的目的是为下周末不能到机场接你而向你道歉。（道歉信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He later apologised his improper behaviour at the evening party.
【写美】 一句多译
②我写信是为了向你道歉，这个周末我不能去海淀公园散步了。
→I am writing to in Haidian Park this weekend.（apologise）
→I am writing to in Haidian Park this weekend.（apology）
stress n.重音，重读；压力；重要性 v.强调；重读
【教材原句】 Placing stress on particular words can have a big impact on the meaning and strength of apologies.重读特定的词语会对道歉的意义和力度产生很大的影响。
【用法】
（1）under stress 在压力之下
（2）stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
（3）stressful adj. 紧张的；产生压力的
stressed adj. 紧张的；感到有压力的
【佳句】 Mr Liu often stresses the importance of learning English well， which has a great impact on me.
刘老师经常强调学好英语的重要性，这对我有很大的影响。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①When we are stress， we tend to feel anxious.
②The ability to keep calm in （stress） situation is one of his strengths.
【写美】 补全句子
③A good way is to talk about feelings with your good friend.
减轻压力的一个好方法就是与你的好朋友聊聊感受。
Section Ⅱ Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.现在进行时 am/is/are＋doing
2.一般现在时 动词原形 第三人称单数形式
3.现在完成时 have/has＋done
4.一般过去时 动词过去式
5.一般将来时 will do/shall do/be about to do/be going to do
即时演练1
①rises ②seems ③reflects ④dates
即时演练2
①is jogging on the playground ②are still working in the fields ③is always thinking more of himself ④am leaving for Shanghai； is returning from abroad
即时演练3
①has made ②have set ③have been； came
即时演练4
①I will take/am taking/am going to take a trip to Hainan
②will find a big supermarket
③will make a list of things that we need
④will call her now
即时演练5
①threatened ②stuck ③retired ④apologized
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①for ②responsibility ③It’s our responsibility to pass on
2.①aimlessly ②at
③aims to develop our interests and improve our skills；
is aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills
3.①遵守 ②庆祝 ③观察 ④注意到 ⑤observe the traditional customs
4.①from ②beyond ③within ④a full/wide range of activities； range from English Speech Contest to
5.①for ②apologise to you for not being able to go for a walk； make an apology to you for not being able to go for a walk
6.①under ②stressful ③to reduce stress
8 / 8(共112张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
复习时态
①Grandfather and Father，seated at the table， are playing chess.
②Lawyers help people and are respected by others.
③ ...you have found the career that suits your talents.
④ ...you said that you wanted to be a professional football player.
⑤ ...you will have two options for your future.
【我的发现】
1. 句①使用了 ，表示现在进行的动作或存在的状态；
谓语动词的构成为： 。
2. 句②使用了 ，表示经常或习惯性发生的动作；谓语
动词一般用 ；当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词
用 。
3. 句③使用了 ，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在或
对现在造成的影响或结果；谓语动词的构成为：
。
现在进行时
am/is/are＋doing
一般现在时
动词原形
第三人称单数形式
现在完成时
have/has＋
done
4. 句④使用了 ，表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状
态；谓语动词的构成为： 。
5. 句⑤使用了 ，表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或
将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态；谓语动词的构成为：
。
一般过去时
动词过去式
一般将来时
will
do/shall do/be about to do/be going to do
一、一般现在时
1. 表示经常、反复或习惯性的动作。
常与often， always， usually， sometimes， every
time/day/month/year ...， once a day/month/year ...， now and
then， at the weekend 等时间状语连用。
I leave home for school at 7 o’clock every morning.
我每天早晨七点钟离开家去学校。
2. 表示主语目前所处的状态、个性特征、能力等。
I love to get together with my friends.
我喜欢和我的朋友们在一起。
3. 表示客观真理、客观存在或科学事实。
The earth moves around the sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
4. 表示将来发生的动作。
表示按规定、计划等预计要发生的动作，只限于go，come，
leave， start， arrive， return， begin， take off 等动词（词组）。
The flight takes off at 2：30 am every Wednesday and Friday.
飞机在每周三和周五的凌晨2：30 起飞。
5. 用于时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中。
在由 when， after， before， as soon as， the minute， until， if，
unless， once， as long as， though， although 等引导的时间、条
件、让步状语从句中，常用一般现在时来代替将来时，这时主句常
用一般将来时。
If you work hard， you will succeed in passing the exam.
如果你努力学习，你就会通过这次考试。
【即时演练1】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①The sun （rise） in the east and sets in the west.
②Two hours （seem） very short when you are watching a
film.
③Fashion differs from country to country and it （reflect）
the cultural differences.
④The Dragon Boat Festival， which （date） back to the
Warring States Period， is one of the most important festivals in China.
rises
seems
reflects
dates
二、现在进行时
1. 现在进行时表示现在或目前一段时间内正在进行的动作。
（1）表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，常与now， at present， at
this moment等连用。
All the classmates are reviewing the lesson in the classroom
now.
所有的同学现在正在教室里复习功课。
（2）表示现阶段正在进行的动作，常与these days， this
week/month， recently等连用。
What are you doing these days？
你最近在忙些什么？
2. 现在进行时常与always， continually， constantly， forever等表示频
度的副词连用，表示经常、反复发生的动作，常含有厌烦、愤怒、
抱怨、赞扬等情感。
She is always thinking of others instead of herself.
她总是想着别人而不是她自己。（赞扬）
The boy is constantly asking such silly questions.
那个男孩老是问这类愚蠢的问题。（不耐烦）
He is constantly doing good work at school.
他在学校总是成绩优秀。（表扬）
He does good work at school.
他在学校成绩优秀。（事实）
3. 在口语中，表示主语按计划将要进行的动作，常与come（来），
go（去）， leave（离开）， depart（离开）， arrive（到达），
stay（逗留）， start/begin（开始）等动词连用。
Mr Smith is leaving for Nanjing tonight.
史密斯先生今晚去南京。
The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.
会议在今天下午三点开始。
【即时演练2】 根据所给汉语提示完成句子
①The teacher together with the students
（正在操场慢跑） when the headmaster approaches.
②Although it is already dark， the farmers
（还在田地里干活）.
③He （总是为他自己想得多）
but little of others.
④I （即将动身去上海） the day after
tomorrow but my uncle （要从国外回来）
tomorrow.
is jogging on the playground
are still working in the
fields
is always thinking more of himself
am leaving for Shanghai
is returning from abroad
三、现在完成时
1. 表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成一定的影响或结果，常与
already， yet， never， before， so far， up to now等连用。
I have already made a plan for my study ahead of time.
我已经提前制订了学习计划。
—Have you finished your homework yet？
——你做完作业了吗？
—Yes， I have already finished it.
——是的，我已经做完了。
试比较：
She has lived in Paris for twenty years.
她在巴黎住了20年了。（可能刚搬走，还可能继续住下去）
She lived in Paris for twenty years.
她在巴黎住了20年。（现在已经不在巴黎住了）
2. 表示从过去开始持续到现在并有可能持续下去的动作或状态，这时
往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如lately， recently， these
days， in the past few days， during the last two weeks， since，
since two days ago， for a long time等。
We have learned English for eight years.
我们学英语八年了。
He has lived in London since three years ago.
自从三年前他就住在伦敦了。
3. 在“It/This is the first/second/...time＋that从句”与“It/This is the
＋序数词或形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句”这两个句型中，从句
中的谓语要用现在完成时。
It is the first time that I have driven a car.
这是我第一次开车。
This is the most interesting film that he has made.
这是他拍的最有趣的电影。
4. 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中用现在完成时代替将来完成时。
I’ll go to the party as soon as I have finished my homework.我一完成作业就去参加聚会。
【即时演练3】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①In the past few years， China （make） rapid progress
in high-tech industries.
②It is the first time that the football players （set） foot
upon the land of Qatar.
③I （be） here since I （come） two years
ago.
has made
have set
have been
came
四、一般将来时
（一）概念
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将
来经常或反复发生的动作，常常与表示将来的时间状语连用，常用的
时间副词有：tomorrow， tomorrow morning， next＋时间（next
Monday ...， next week， next month， next summer ...， next
year）， in （the） future， soon， in＋时间段（如in five days 再过五
天， in two weeks 再过两星期）等。
（二）结构及用法
1. shall/will＋动词原形
用来表示单纯的将来的安排和打算（将要发生的动作或存在的状
态）。在口语中，will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称常用
shall。
I’ll go and see her on Sunday.
我星期天要去看她。
2. be going to＋动词原形
用“be going to＋动词原形”来表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生
的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算，就要”。
（1）表示打算或按计划、安排要做（发生）的事。
I am going to visit the volunteers this evening.
我打算今天晚上去拜访那些志愿者们。
（2）表示根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事。
Look at these clouds.It looks as if it is going to rain.看看这些
乌云，看起来要下雨了。
【即时演练4】 根据所给汉语提示完成句子
① （将去海南
旅行） to visit my good friend next week.
②Go straight on， and at the street corner you
（会发现一个大超市）.
③—Are you ready to go shopping？
—Wait a minute.I （要把我们
需要的东西列个清单）.
④—Did you tell Julia about the result？
—Oh， no， I forgot.I （现在就给她打电话）.
I will take/am taking/am going to take a trip to Hainan
will find a big
supermarket
will make a list of things that we need
will call her now
五、一般过去时
1. 一般过去时主要用于表示过去某一时刻或某段时间内发生的动作或
存在的状态，常与明确表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday， last
week， in 1949， a few days ago等）连用。
I graduated from No.2 Middle School three years ago.
三年前我从二中毕业。
I had two eggs and a glass of milk for breakfast this morning.
今天早上我吃了两个鸡蛋，喝了一杯牛奶。
Your phone number again？ I didn’t quite catch it.
再说一遍你的电话号码好吗？我刚才没听见。
—Haven’t seen you for ages！ Where have you been？
——很久没有见到你了！你去哪里了？
—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year， teaching as a
volunteer.
——我去了宁夏，在那里待了一年，作为一名志愿者教学。
2. 表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。
She got up， washed her face， cleaned her teeth， had her breakfast
and then went to work.
她起床后，洗完脸，刷完牙，吃过早饭，然后就去上班了。
3. 表示过去时间内经常发生的或习惯性的动作。常与often，
usually， sometimes等表示频度的状语连用。
I often went to school on foot last term.
上学期我经常步行去上学。
Her father usually did some housework at home last year.
她爸爸去年常常在家做些家务。
【即时演练5】 用所给词的适当形式填空
①The thief broke into the house and （threat） him
with a gun.
②Despite the fact that he found it impossible to finish the task， he
still （stick） with his idea.
③After he （retire） from office， Tom took up painting
for a while， but soon lost interest.
④He smiled politely as Mary （apologize） for her
drunken friends.
threatened
stuck
retired
apologized
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
responsible adj.（对事故、错误、罪行等）负有责任的，应承担责
任的
【教材原句】 Who’s responsible？谁负责呢？
【用法】
（1）be responsible for 对……负责
（2）responsibility n. 责任；义务
take responsibility for 对……负责
It is one’s responsibility to do ... 做……是某人的责任
【佳句】 Mike is responsible for the severe mistake， which is beyond
doubt.
迈克对此次严重错误负责，这点毋庸置疑。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①As an adult，you should be responsible your own decision.
②Each of us must take （responsible） for our own
actions.
for
responsibility
【写美】 补全句子
③ traditional Chinese customs to
the whole world.
把中国传统习俗传递给全世界是我们的责任。
It’s our responsibility to pass on
aim v.力求达到；力争做到；目的是；旨在；瞄准；对准 n.目的；
目标；瞄准
【教材原句】 It aims to deepen people’s understanding of issues that
are related to families.
它的目的是加深人们对与家庭有关的问题的认识。
【用法】
（1）aim at doing sth 力争做某事
aim to do sth 旨在做某事
be aimed at （计划或想法等）旨在……，目的是……
（2）with the aim of 意在……
achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目的
take aim at 向……瞄准
（3）aimless adj. 无目的的
aimlessly adv. 无目的地
【佳句】 “Made in China 2025” initiative aims to transform China
from a manufacturing giant into one driven by innovation and emphasizing
quality over quantity.
“中国制造2025”倡议旨在将中国从一个制造业大国转变为一个创新
驱动、重质轻量的国家。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①There was a time when he had nothing to do， wandering
（aim） in the street all day.
②When the enemy turned up， the soldier slowly raised the gun， took
aim him and fired， but missed.
aimlessly
at
【写美】 一句多译
③我写信真诚地邀请您参加我们学校的乒乓球队，该队旨在培养我们
的兴趣并提高我们的技巧。
→I am writing to sincerely invite you to join our table tennis team
which .（aim to
do）
→I am writing to sincerely invite you to join our table tennis team
which .
（be aimed at）
aims to develop our interests and improve our skills
is aimed at developing our interests and improving our skills
observe v.庆祝，过（节日、生日等）；观察，观测；看到，注意
到；遵守（规则、法律等）
【教材原句】 With a different theme each year， the day is observed
with a wide range of events ...
每年有一个不同的主题，这天用许多活动来庆祝……
（1）observe sb do sth 观察某人做某事（全过程）
observe sb doing sth 观察某人正在做某事
observe that ... 观察到……
（2）observe the traffic rules 遵守交通规则
（3）observe the New Year 庆祝元旦
（4）observation n. 观察；评论
【用法】
【佳句】 If we observe someone running a red light， we should stop
him.
如果我们看到有人闯红灯，我们应该阻止他。
【点津】 observe sb do sth变为被动语态时，需将do前面省略的不定
式符号to补上，即sb be observed to do sth。
【练透】 写出下列句中observe的含义
①Therefore， rules should be worked out and strictly
observed.
②I’d like to tell you something about how we observe the Spring
Festival.
③The far side of the moon is difficult for us to observe.
④The thief was observed to open the window and run away.
遵守
庆祝
观察
注意到
【写美】 补全句子
⑤Though having lived abroad for years， many Chinese still
.
虽然许多中国人住在海外多年，但他们仍然遵守传统的风俗习惯。
observe the traditional customs
range n.一系列；种类；范围；山脉 vi.变化
【教材原句】 With a different theme each year， the day is observed
with a wide range of events ...
每年有一个不同的主题，这天用许多活动来庆祝……
【用法】
【佳句】 Through reading books we can gain a wide range of
knowledge.
通过读书，我们可以获得广泛的知识。
【点津】 range作“变动，变化”讲时，不用于进行时态。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The column has many readers， ranging the 80’s generation
to the elderly.
②His theory was the range of humans’ understanding at that
time.
③People living range of 20 kilometres could feel the terrible
shake when the earthquake happened in that country.
from
beyond
within
【写美】 补全句子
④The Spoken English Club will regularly organize
， which Poetry
Recitation.
英语口语俱乐部将定期组织各种各样的活动，从英语演讲比赛到诗歌
朗诵。
a full/wide range of
activities
range from English Speech Contest to
apologise v.道歉
【教材原句】 Act out the conversation to apologise to a family
member.表演对话，向家人道歉。
【用法】
（1）apologise for sth 因某事道歉
apologise to sb for （doing） sth 因（做）某事向某人道歉
（2）apology n. 道歉；谢罪
make/offer an apology to sb for （doing） sth
因（做）某事而向某人道歉
【佳句】 I’m writing to apologise to you for not being able to pick
you up at the airport next weekend.
我写信的目的是为下周末不能到机场接你而向你道歉。（道歉信）
【练透】 单句语法填空
①He later apologised his improper behaviour at the evening
party.
for
【写美】 一句多译
②我写信是为了向你道歉，这个周末我不能去海淀公园散步了。
→I am writing to
in Haidian Park this weekend.（apologise）
→I am writing to
in Haidian Park this weekend.（apology）
apologise to you for not being able to go for a walk
make an apology to you for not being able to go for a
walk
stress n.重音，重读；压力；重要性 v.强调；重读
【教材原句】 Placing stress on particular words can have a big impact
on the meaning and strength of apologies.重读特定的词语会对道歉的意
义和力度产生很大的影响。
【用法】
（1）under stress 在压力之下
（2）stress the importance of 强调……的重要性
（3）stressful adj. 紧张的；产生压力的
stressed adj. 紧张的；感到有压力的
【佳句】 Mr Liu often stresses the importance of learning English
well， which has a great impact on me.
刘老师经常强调学好英语的重要性，这对我有很大的影响。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①When we are stress， we tend to feel anxious.
②The ability to keep calm in （stress） situation is one of
his strengths.
under
stressful
【写美】 补全句子
③A good way is to talk about feelings with your good
friend.
减轻压力的一个好方法就是与你的好朋友聊聊感受。
to reduce stress
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
单句语法填空
1. The weather is responsible the delay of so many flights in
Shanghai.
2. The library was built memory of the scientist who has made
significant contributions to society.
for
in
3. Buying the facility aims （satisfy） the students’ desire
to do experiments.
4. After supper my mother was observed （go） out， with a
bag in her hand.
5. The small lake ranges five to fourteen feet in depth.
6. The bus company made an apology passengers any
inconvenience they caused.
7. Things can easily go wrong when people are stress.
to satisfy
to go
from
to
for
under
8. A study shows drinking coffee before exercise has a negative
impact the heart.
9. Difficulties （strength） the mind， as labor does the
body.
10. Many countries are now setting up （nation） parks
where animals and plants can be protected.
on/upon
strengthen
national
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. In the last few years， great changes in my
hometown.
近几年来，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。
2. If my brother from Beijing tomorrow， I
him to call you back.
如果我哥哥明天从北京回来，我会让他给你回电话。
have taken place
comes back
will ask
3. This is the first time that our family in the cinema
together.
这是我们全家第一次一起在电影院看电影。
4. I my family to Shanghai Disneyland
tomorrow.
我明天要带我的家人去上海迪士尼乐园。
5. How these days？
近来你的学习怎样？
have seen a film
am taking/am going to take
are you getting on with your study
6. A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in
this city the proposal for health care reform.
去年进行的一项调查显示，本市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的
提议。
were in favour of
维度三：语法与语篇
用括号内所给动词的正确时态补全短文
Have you ever been to an amusement park？ My parents and I
1. （go） to visit the biggest amusement park in our city next
weekend.Actually，this 2. （be） the third time that I have
visited it.Last night，I 3. （spend） two hours making some
preparations.Now， I 4. （tell） something I know about
amusement parks to you.
will go
will be
spent
am telling
An amusement park 5. （be） an outdoor area with games，
rides and shows.It also 6. （offer） restaurants and bars where
customers can eat and drink.So far， most of the amusement parks
7. （replace） by theme parks.These places
8. （focus） on a certain topic of history or natural life.The
first theme park， Disneyland，9. （open） in California in
1955.It is likely that my parents 10. （take） me to
Shanghai Disneyland next summer holiday.I look forward to visiting it
soon.
is
offers
have been replaced
focus
opened
will take
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
One day when I was 5， my mother scolded （责骂） me for not
finishing my breakfast and I got angry.I wanted to play outside and not to
be made to finish eating my breakfast.When angrily opening the screen
door with my foot， I kicked back about a 12-inch part of the lower left-
hand corner of the new screen door.But I had no remorse， for I was
happy to be playing in the backyard with my toys.
Today， I know if my child had done what I did， I would have
scolded my child， and told him about how expensive this new screen
door was， and I would have delivered a spanking （打屁股） for it.My
parents never said a word.They left the corner of the screen door pushed
out， creating an opening， a breach （裂缝） in the defense against
unwanted insects.
For years， every time I saw that corner of the screen， it would
constantly make me think about my mistake.For years， I knew that
everyone in my family would see that hole and remember who did it.
For years， every time I saw a fly buzzing （嗡嗡） in the kitchen， I would wonder if it came in through the hole that I had created with my angry foot.I would wonder if my family members were thinking the same
thing， silently blaming me every time a flying insect entered our home，
making life more terrible for us all.My parents taught me a valuable
lesson， one that a spanking or stern （严厉的） words perhaps could not
deliver.Their silent punishment for what I had done delivered a hundred
stern messages to me.Above all， it has helped me become a more patient
person and not burst out so easily.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者犯了错误，父
母没有惩罚他，而是留着被他踢破的门，让作者懂得了一个道理，
并成为一个更有耐心的人的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者犯了错误，父
母没有惩罚他，而是留着被他踢破的门，让作者懂得了一个道理，
并成为一个更有耐心的人的故事。
1. What did his parents do when the author damaged the door？
A. They gave him a spanking.
B. They left the door unrepaired.
C. They scolded him for what he had done.
D. They told him how expensive it was.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，他的父母没有修
门，踢坏的地方一直是坏的。
2. What does the underlined word “remorse” in Paragraph 1 most
probably mean？
A. Regret. B. Joy.
C. Anger. D. Notice.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文可知，他没有后悔，反而
高兴地玩玩具。
3. What effect did the experience have on the author？A. He would hide
his anger away from others.
B. He would not go against his parents’ will.
C. He would have a better control of himself.
D. He would not make mistakes in the future.
解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知，作者成为一
个更有耐心的人，不轻易爆怒，言外之意就是作者变得能更好
地控制自己。
4. What is the main idea of this text？
A. Adults should ignore their children’s bad behavior.
B. Parents are the best teachers of their children.
C. Patience is the key to becoming a better person.
D. One learns most when shown the result of his/her action.
解析： 主旨大意题。本文通过讲述作者毁坏了门，父母别致的
惩罚使他吸取教训，变成一个更有耐心的人。这告诉了读者一个道
理：要从错误中吸取教训。
B
My dad， George， only had an eighth grade education.He was a
quiet man and he didn’t understand my world of school activities.From
age 14， he worked.And his dad， Albert， took the money my dad
earned and used it to pay family expenses.
I didn’t really understand his world either： He was a livestock
trucker， and I thought that I would surpass （超过） anything he had
accomplished by the time I walked across the stage at high school
graduation.
The summer before my eighth grade， I was one of a group of boys
that a neighboring farmer hired to work in his field.He explained our basic
task， the tractor fired up and we were off， riding down the field to get
rid of weeds （杂草） with chemicals.After a short way， the farmer
stopped and pointed at a weed which we missed.Then we began again.It
was tiring work， but I looked forward to the pay， even though I
wasn’t sure how much it would amount to.
At home， my dad said， “A job is a big step to growing up.I’m
glad you will be contributing to the household.” My dad’s words made
me realize that my earnings might not be mine as I wished.
My labor lasted about two weeks， and the farmer said there might be
more work， but I wasn’t interested.I thought it was not fair that I had to
contribute my money.
The pay arrived at last.Although the job was very tiring， I was very happy in my heart for I got something from my work.“How much money have you earned？” Dad asked.I was surprised， to say my income.The next morning， my dad’s livestock truck started running.I saw my father’s hard-working figure and thought of his words， “A job is a big step to growing up.”
reluctant
I understood immediately that my labor was very hard， but my
growth and our whole family had been depending on the hard work of my
parents！ Dad never complained （埋怨） about unfairness and he has
worked for so many years！ In the evening， Dad came back.I proudly
took out my own money and handed it to Dad.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者暑假帮邻居除草赚
钱，但最后把钱交给了爸爸，因为他理解了父母的辛苦，懂得了成
长的意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者暑假帮邻居除草赚
钱，但最后把钱交给了爸爸，因为他理解了父母的辛苦，懂得了成
长的意义。
5. What can we know about the author’s father？
A. He lived a rich life.
B. He was well-educated.
C. He was an outgoing man.
D. He worked at a young age.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的From age 14， he worked.
可知，作者的父亲在很小的时候就开始工作了。
6. What was the author hired to do by a neighboring farmer？
A. Wash tractors.
B. Watch the field.
C. Deal with harmful weeds.
D. Recognize different chemicals.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的He explained our basic
task， the tractor fired up and we were off， riding down the field to
get rid of weeds （杂草） with chemicals.可知，作者被附近的一个
农民雇去处理有害杂草。
7. What does the underlined word “reluctant” mean in Paragraph 6？
A. Delighted. B. Content.
C. Unwilling. D. Stressed.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第五段中的I thought it was not fair that
I had to contribute my money.可知，作者不愿意把钱拿出来，想自
己支配。由此推知，当爸爸问作者挣了多少钱时，作者是不愿意告
知实情的。画线词与unwilling同义。
8. What can we infer from the article？
A. The author gave the money to his father.
B. The author finally understood the meaning of growth.
C. The relationship between the author and his father was not good.
D. The author has always been happy to put his money into the
household.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四、五段可知，作者开始并不理解
爸爸说的“工作是成长的一大步”的意义，不愿意把钱拿出来补贴
家用。但在最后一段作者主动把钱交给了爸爸，说明他理解了爸爸
说的话，明白了成长的意义。
C
Researchers recently studied 3，000 middle school students.Among
them were 618 teenagers with one parent who lived away from home for
long periods of time because of work.The researchers wanted to know
how the work of these “fly-in， fly-out” parents might influence the
health of their children.
A higher percentage （比例） of teenagers who experienced the long
work absence of a parent had emotional （情感的） or behavioral
problems compared with those whose parents worked more traditional
hours.This supports earlier research finding high percentages of emotional
problems in teenagers who often returned to an empty house after school or
whose parents were seldom at dinner.
Findings also suggest that parents don’t have to be home all the time
to be present in their children’s lives， but it helps to be home at certain
times.And the best parental presence for a teenager may sometimes be like
a potted （盆栽的） plant.Many parents of teenagers have known this to
be true and find ways to be present without trying to start a
conversation.One friend of mine quietly does housework each evening in
the sitting room where her teenagers watch TV. They enjoy one
another’s company （陪伴） without the need to talk.
In fact， many years of research suggest that children use their
parents as a safe base from which to explore the world.Studies tell us that
young children quietly follow their parents’ movements from room to
room， even while carrying on with their own activities.Perhaps our
teens， like babies， feel most at ease when their parents are still
around.They don’t want to stay away from parents who allow them
freedom.
A new school year is at hand， so as parents we could offer our
teenagers a “potted flower” as a gift， whose quiet and steady （稳定
的） presence will give them a great day.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，经历父母长时间不在身
边的青少年有情绪或行为问题的比例更高。研究结果还表明，父母
不必一直待在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的时间待在家里会有所帮
助。作者鼓励父母给青少年提供安静和稳定的陪伴。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，经历父母长时间不在身
边的青少年有情绪或行为问题的比例更高。研究结果还表明，父母
不必一直待在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的时间待在家里会有所帮
助。作者鼓励父母给青少年提供安静和稳定的陪伴。
9. What did the study find about the 618 teens？
A. They had more dinners with their parents.
B. They were more prepared to help themselves.
C. They were more likely to have trouble with their feelings.
D. They showed more dislike for traditional working hours.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，关于这618名青
少年，研究发现他们更有可能在感情上有麻烦。
10. What is the author’s attitude to her friend’s practice？
A. She doubts it.
B. She supports it.
C. She is worried about it.
D. She cares little about it.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段最后两句可推知，作者支持
她朋友的做法，孩子们喜欢父母陪伴着自己做事情。
11. What does earlier research say about young kids according to
Paragraph 4？
A. They prefer to play with babies.
B. They want more freedom （自由） from parents.
C. They pay attention to parents’ behavior.
D. They show more interest in new activities.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，关于小孩子的
早期研究表明了他们关注父母的行为。
12. What is the best title for the text？
A. Teens Want Potted Plant Parents
B. Your Kids Still Need Conversation
C. Quiet Families Raise Healthier Teenagers
D. Parents Know Little About Today’s Teenagers
解析： 标题归纳题。一项研究发现，经历父母长时间不在身
边的青少年有情绪或行为问题的比例更高。研究结果还表明，父
母不必一直待在家里陪伴孩子，但在特定的时间待在家里会有所
帮助。作者鼓励父母给青少年提供安静和稳定的陪伴。由此可
知，A项（青少年想要盆栽的父母）为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
When my son was eight years old， he loved to play practical jokes
on me.Every time I walked into a room， a shower of stuffed animal toys
（毛绒玩具） 13 on my head.He put fake flies in the ice-cube trays
（制冰盒）， and ants in my purse.You never knew when or where he
would strike.I admired his 14 ， but I have to admit there were days
when his jokes got 15 .
One weekend， when we got home after a long day at the beach， I
put the blanket in the wash.I’d throw it in the dryer the next
morning.When I pulled the 16 out of the washer the next morning， a
（n） 17 ， brown tarantula （狼蛛） fell at my 18 .I figured
my son had 19 again.I picked it up and was 20 at how lifelike it
looked.It was as big as the palm of my hand.Whoever made this toy
spider really went all-out for detail.
It even had hair on it like a real tarantula.I took it inside and found
my son watching television.I 21 it in his face and said， “Very
funny， Adam.”
His face turned pale 22 .He backed up and said， “Mom， I
didn’t do that.It’s real.” At first， I didn’t 23 him， but then I
saw the 24 on his face.I screamed， he screamed， and the tarantula
went flying across the room.We both ran out of the house.When we got
the 25 to go back inside， it was still lying where it had landed，
dead.We both started 26 so hard that we were in tears.That day cured
him of his practical jokes； he knew he could never 27 that one.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子总是喜欢搞恶作剧。一
次作者把毯子从洗衣机里拿出来时，一只狼蛛掉在了她脚上，作者
觉得这又是儿子的恶作剧，儿子却被吓得脸色苍白并且说那是真狼
蛛。经过这件事后，作者的儿子再也不搞恶作剧了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子总是喜欢搞恶作剧。一
次作者把毯子从洗衣机里拿出来时，一只狼蛛掉在了她脚上，作者
觉得这又是儿子的恶作剧，儿子却被吓得脸色苍白并且说那是真狼
蛛。经过这件事后，作者的儿子再也不搞恶作剧了。
13. A. drove B. jogged
C. fell D. boarded
解析： 根据上文he loved to play practical jokes on me可知，作
者的儿子喜欢和作者开玩笑。由此可知，此处应表示每次作者走
进一个房间，就会有一大堆毛绒玩具落在作者的头上。drive驾
驶；jog慢跑；fall掉落；board登机。
14. A. sensitivity B. creativity
C. independence D. achievement
解析： 根据上文He put fake flies in the ice-cube trays （制冰
盒）， and ants in my purse.可知，此处应表示作者钦佩儿子的创
造力。sensitivity敏感；creativity创造力；independence独立；
achievement成就。
15. A. old B. pure C. simple D. smart
解析： 上文提到作者钦佩儿子的创造力，根据句中的but可推
知，此处应表示有时候他的恶作剧已经过时了。old过时的；pure
纯净的；simple简单的；smart聪明的。
16. A. toy B. purse
C. blanket D. clothes
解析： 根据上文I put the blanket in the wash可知，作者把毯子
洗了。此处应表示作者第二天早晨把毯子从洗衣机里拿出来。toy
玩具；purse钱包；blanket毯子；clothes衣服。
17. A. small B. cute
C. amusing D. huge
解析： 根据下文It was as big as the palm of my hand.可知，此
处应表示一只巨大的棕色狼蛛落在了作者的脚上。small小的；
cute可爱的；amusing有趣的；huge巨大的。
18. A. face B. foot C. head D. back
解析： 参见上题解析。face脸；foot脚；head头；back背部。
19. A. struck B. fled
C. taught D. forgave
解析： 根据上文You never knew when or where he would strike.
可推知，此处应表示作者认为儿子又在搞袭击（恶作剧）。strike
袭击；flee逃跑；teach教；forgive原谅。
20. A. disappointed B. terrified
C. puzzled D. amazed
解析： 根据下文how lifelike it looked.可知，此处表示作者把
它捡起来，惊讶于它看起来是如此逼真。be amazed at对……感到
惊讶。disappointed失望的；terrified恐惧的；puzzled吃惊的；
amazed惊讶的。
21. A. lengthened B. beat
C. cut D. stuck
解析： 根据下文in his face可知，此处表示作者把它贴在他脸
上。lengthen延长；beat击败；cut 切，割；stick粘贴。
22. A. jokingly B. uncertainly
C. immediately D. frequently
解析： 根据上文His face turned pale以及下文It’s real.可知，
此处表示他的脸立刻变得苍白。jokingly开玩笑地；uncertainly不
确定地；immediately立刻，马上；frequently频繁地。
23. A. recognize B. believe
C. appreciate D. encourage
解析： 上文提到作者的儿子之前经常喜欢做恶作剧。由此可
推知，起初作者不相信儿子所说的话。recognize识别；believe相
信；appreciate感谢；encourage鼓励。
24. A. look B. mark C. scar D. flesh
解析： 上文提到作者儿子的脸立刻变得苍白。由此可知，作
者起初不相信儿子所说的话，但后来看到了他脸上的表情才相信
了儿子。look表情；mark标记；scar伤疤；flesh肉。
25. A. interest B. ability
C. courage D. ambition
解析： 根据上文I screamed， he screamed可知，作者和儿子都
大声尖叫。由此可知，当作者和儿子鼓起勇气回到屋里时，狼蛛
还躺在降落的地方，死了。interest兴趣；ability能力；courage勇
气；ambition雄心。
26. A. running B. laughing
C. dancing D. clapping
解析： 根据语境可知，作者和儿子都笑得流下了眼泪。run
跑；laugh大笑；dance跳舞；clap拍手。
27. A. forgive B. remember
C. understand D. top
解析： 根据上文That day cured him of his practical jokes可知，
这一天治好了他恶作剧的毛病。由此可知，作者的儿子知道他永
远无法超越那个“恶作剧”。 forgive原谅；remember记得；
understand理解；top超越。
Ⅲ.语法填空
More than three decades ago， Chu Hongjun， a young man from
East China’s Shandong Province， traveled to Northwest China’s
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region， 28 （throw） himself into
wildlife research and protection work in Altay Prefecture.Today， his
daughter， Chu Wenwen， sticks to the faith of her father.More than
that， she has 29 （successful） called on more than 1 million young
people in making a joint effort to create a better living environment for the
Mengxin beaver （河狸）， the only beaver species living in
China， 30 is only found along the Ulungur River in Altay.
The web-savvy （精通网络的） youngster has initiated a project to
livestream （直播）， 24 hours a day， how the beavers live 31 the
wild.Infrared （红外线） cameras have been fixed so that viewers can
monitor the ecological circulation around those small habitats 32
（build） by the beavers.“We are the young generation that grew up
during the Internet boom.Today， modern online communication tools
and advanced 33 （equip） used for scientific research enable us to
gather more people together in the pursuit （追求） of wildlife
protection，” she says.
Additionally， Chu Wenwen is also willing to take parents and their
children on field trips 34 （observe） beavers firsthand.She believes
that if opportunities 35 （provide） for people to learn more about
the animal， they will be 36 （likely） to take action to protect it.
“We can bridge 37 gap between the public and the beavers，”
she says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了初雯雯在父亲的影
响下投身蒙新河狸的保护工作，用现代工具和先进设备聚集更多的
人去保护野生动物。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了初雯雯在父亲的影
响下投身蒙新河狸的保护工作，用现代工具和先进设备聚集更多的
人去保护野生动物。
28. throwing 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词traveled且无连
词，故空处应用非谓语动词；throw与其逻辑主语Chu Hongjun之间是
主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式作伴随状语。故填throwing。
29. successfully 考查词形转换。修饰谓语动词应用副词形式。故填
successfully。
30. which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
the Mengxin beaver，从句缺少主语。故填which。
31. in 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，空处和the wild作地点状语，
表示“在野外”。故填in。
32. built 考查非谓语动词。空处修饰those small habitats作后置定
语，build与其逻辑主语habitats之间为动宾关系，用过去分词形式。故
填built。
33. equipment 考查词形转换。空处应用名词作主语。故填
equipment。
34. to observe 考查非谓语动词。结合语境可知，“实地考察”的目
的是“观察河狸”，因此空处用动词不定式表目的。故填to observe。
35. are provided 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构
可知，此处是if条件状语从句的谓语部分，从句主语opportunities和所
给动词provide之间是被动关系，再根据后面的will可知，此处应用一
般现在时的被动语态。故填are provided。
36. more likely 考查形容词的比较级。be likely to do表示“可能做某
事”。结合语境可知，人们越多了解这种动物，就越有可能保护它，
因此空处用形容词的比较级。故填more likely。
37. the 考查冠词。空处修饰名词gap，表特指。故填the。
谢谢观看！
