中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are导学案+随堂练习
一、学习目标。
掌握本单元重点词汇和短语,如restroom、stamp、beside、postcard、pardon、bathroom、rush、get some information about、buy some stamps等。
学会运用“Could you please... ”“Do you know... ”等句型礼貌地询问信息。
理解并掌握宾语从句的用法,包括语序、时态等。
能够运用所学知识进行问路、指路以及相关场景的对话和写作。
二、知识点梳理。
(一)重点词汇
restroom:洗手间;公共厕所 ,相当于bathroom或washroom。如:I need to go to the restroom.(我需要去洗手间。)
stamp:邮票;印章 ,collect stamps表示“集邮”。如:He likes collecting stamps.(他喜欢集邮。)
beside:在……旁边;在附近 ,相当于next to。如:The bank is beside the supermarket.(银行在超市旁边。)
postcard:明信片 ,write a postcard表示“写明信片”。如:She is writing a postcard to her friend.(她正在给她的朋友写明信片。)
pardon:请再说一遍;抱歉;对不起 ,常用于没听清对方说话,希望对方重复。如:Pardon I didn't hear you clearly.(请再说一遍,我没听清你说的话。) 还可作动词,pardon sb. for (doing) sth.表示“原谅某人(做)某事”。如:Please pardon me for being late.(请原谅我迟到了。)
rush:仓促;急促 ,作动词时,rush to do sth. 匆忙做某事;作名词时,in a rush 匆匆忙忙。如:Don't rush to answer the question.(不要急于回答问题。);He is always in a rush in the morning.(他早上总是很匆忙。)
(二)重点句型
Could you please... :请你……好吗? 表示委婉请求,后接动词原形。could在此不表示过去,而是表示委婉语气。其否定式为Could you please not do... 如:Could you please pass me the book (请你把书递给我好吗?);Could you please not make so much noise (请你不要制造这么多噪音好吗?)
Do you know... :你知道……吗? 后接宾语从句,宾语从句要用陈述语序。如:Do you know where the hospital is (你知道医院在哪里吗?)
Could you tell me... :你能告诉我……吗? 同样后接宾语从句,也是用陈述语序。如:Could you tell me how I can get to the airport (你能告诉我怎么去机场吗?)
(三)宾语从句
定义:在主从复合句中,作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
引导词:
that:引导陈述句作宾语从句,that无实际意义,常可省略。如:He says (that) he is happy.(他说他很开心。)
if/whether:引导一般疑问句作宾语从句,意为“是否” 。如:I don't know if/whether he will come.(我不知道他是否会来。)
特殊疑问词:引导特殊疑问句作宾语从句,如what、where、when、how、who等,这些词保留原来的疑问含义 。如:Can you tell me where you live (你能告诉我你住在哪里吗?)
语序:宾语从句要用陈述语序,即“主语 + 谓语 + 其他”。如:What does he want to buy (疑问句语序)→ I don't know what he wants to buy.(宾语从句,陈述语序)
时态:
主句是一般现在时:从句根据实际情况用各种时态。如:He says he is reading a book now.(现在进行时);He says he will go to Beijing tomorrow.(一般将来时)
主句是一般过去时:从句要用相应的过去时态 。如:He said he was watching TV at that time.(过去进行时);He said he had been to Beijing before.(过去完成时)
从句表达的是客观真理、自然现象等:无论主句是什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。如:The teacher said that the earth moves around the sun.(地球围绕太阳转是客观真理)
(四)问路与指路常用表达
问路:
Where is...
How can I get to...
Could you tell me the way to...
Do you know how to get to...
指路:
Go along/down this street.沿着这条街走。
Turn left/right at the first/second crossing. 在第一个/第二个十字路口向左/右转。
It's on your left/right. 它在你的左边/右边。
You can take the No. X bus. 你可以乘坐X路公交车。
(五)其他知识点
“疑问词+动词不定式(to do)”结构:可在句中作主语、宾语和表语。常见疑问词有what、who、which、where、when、why、how等。如:I don't know what to do.(作宾语);Where to go is still a question.(作主语)
pass by:路过;经过 ,相当于go past。如:I passed by the park on my way to school.(我在去学校的路上经过了公园。)
suggest:建议;提议 ,用法如下:
suggest sth. 提议、建议某事 。如:He suggests a good idea.(他提出了一个好主意。)
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 。如:She suggests going for a walk.(她建议去散步。)
suggest +that 引导的宾语从句,这时宾语从句要用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should +)动词原形” ,should可省略。如:I suggest that we (should) have a meeting.(我建议我们开个会。)
三、随堂练习。
(一)单项选择
—Could you please tell me where ______ the postcards
—Sure. Go to the second floor.
A. can I buy B. buy C. I can buy D. buying
Do you know ______ the bookstore closes today
A. When B. where C. what D. who
—Could you please clean your room
—______. I have to do my homework.
A. Yes, sure B. Why not C. No problem D. Sorry, I can't
The teacher suggested ______ a meeting to discuss the problem.
A. Have B. to have C. having D. had
She asked me ______ I could help her with her English.
A. That B. if C. what D. which
(二)根据汉语意思完成句子。
请问,你能告诉我怎样去火车站吗?
Excuse me, could you please tell me ______________________ the railway station
你知道银行什么时候开门吗?
Do you know __________________ the bank __________________
他建议我们去参观博物馆。
He suggests that we __________________ the museum.
在去学校的路上,我遇见了我的老朋友。
______________________ to school, I met my old friend.
请再说一遍,你能告诉我这附近是否有餐馆吗?
______________________, do you know if there's a restaurant around here
(三)句型转换。
“Where does he live ” I don't know.(合并为一句)
I don't know where ______________________.
Can you tell me how I can get to the airport (改为简单句)
Can you tell me how __________________ to the airport
“Is there a hospital near here ” The girl asked.(改为宾语从句)
The girl asked ______________________ there was a hospital near here.
He said, “I will go to Beijing tomorrow.”(改为宾语从句)
He said that he __________________ to Beijing the next day.
The teacher said, “The earth is round.”(改为宾语从句)
The teacher said that the earth __________________ round.
(四)补全对话
A: Excuse me, 1. ______________________ I want to buy some stamps.
B: Yes, there is. There's a post office on Center Street.
A: 2. ______________________
B: Just go along this street and turn left at the second crossing. The post office is on your right, next to the bank.
A: 3. ______________________
B: It's about twenty minutes' walk.
A: Can I take a bus
B: Yes, you can.
A: 4. ______________________
B: You can take the No. 5 bus.
A: Thank you very much.
B: 5. ______________________.
答案
(一)单项选择
C。宾语从句要用陈述语序,A选项是疑问语序,B、D选项结构错误,所以选C。
A。根据句意“你知道书店今天什么时候关门吗?”,询问时间用when,where询问地点,what询问事物,who询问人,所以选A。
D。由答语“我必须做作业”可知是拒绝请求,A选项“是的,当然”,B选项“为什么不呢”,C选项“没问题”,都表示同意,D选项“对不起,我不能”,符合语境,所以选D。
C。suggest doing sth. 建议做某事,是固定用法,所以选C。
B。根据句意“她问我是否能帮她学英语”,表示“是否”用if或whether,that引导陈述句作宾语从句无实际意义,what和which不符合语境,所以选B。
(二)根据汉语意思完成句子
how to get to
when; opens
(should) visit
On my way
Pardon me
(三)句型转换
he lives
to get
if/whether
would go
is 。因为“地球是圆的”是客观真理,所以从句用一般现在时。
(四)补全对话
is there a post office near here
How can I get there
How far is it
Which bus can I take
You're welcome
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