2026年中考英语备考复习 短文填空（无提示词）（含答案解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 2026年中考英语备考复习 短文填空（无提示词）（含答案解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 80.4KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-08-04 22:27:53 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语备考复习 短文填空（无提示词）
一．短文填空（共14小题）
1．阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
How often do you get angry？Twice a week or once a day？Last month，a group of students joined （1） a special activity.Their teacher，Ms.Cheng，asked them and their parents not to get angry for 21 days.
During the 21 days，those students and their parents had （2） record （记录） their moods （情绪） every day.Most students and their parents thought it （3） easy at first.
However，only one family kept their moods for 21 days.Through the activity，Ms.Cheng found that parents were more easily to get angry （4） their children. "Parents' moods can affect their children's.I hope parents will notice the importance （5） good environment at home and try to control their moods in front of their children"，she said.
2． The environmental problems are very serious these days.In order to make our country more beautiful，we students should do something （1） protect the environment.
I think we should turn off the lights to save electricity （2） we leave the room..And when.we brush our teeth，we'd better turn off the taps.Also，we should advise our parents to take the bus to work instead （3） driving and use reusable bags when shopping.In a word，I think，one thing we should keep in mind is that protecting the environment begins with small things.Small actions can make （4） difference and lead to a better future.
How important it （5） for us to protect the environment!Let's take action.
3． The guqin is one of the oldest stringed instruments.It has a history of about 3000 years.Xu Chaoran，a guqin player （1） is good at playing the modern songs with the guqin，is getting more and more popular.
When Xu was a little kid，she took a great interest in music.She learned different kinds of musical （2） ，such as the guitar and the piano.（3） the age of 9，she began to play the guzheng.In 2009，Xu went to study traditional Chinese music at the Wuhan Conservatory of Music.There，she also （4） a lot of time learning the guqin.
After graduating（毕业） from school，Xu continued playing it while giving guqin lessons at her teacher's studio.Later，Xu opened a studio herself.Now，Xu not only teaches students the guqin （5） also makes videos of her playing the guqin.Xu hopes young people can love guqin music and learn to play the instrument by watching her videos.She thinks it's also a nice way to spread our traditional culture.
4． Many people are afraid that robots may take the place of humans in some fields.A report said that AI could do a quarter of all the work that humans could do.In Europe and America，300 million people may lose jobs （1） of AI.
But it is not all bad news.Scientists have pointed out that there（2） still some jobs that AI can't do.People who get the following kinds of jobs take lower risks（风险） of losing jobs.
◆The first would be jobs that are really creative.You need to come up（3） new ideas and build something new.
◆The second would be （4） that are related to important interpersonal（人际的） relationships.These jobs need people to have a very deep understanding of other people.
◆The third would be jobs that require people to have wonderful skills in handwork，such as welders（焊工）.They are probably the least likely to be taken the place of.
In short，adapting to（适应） the changes of society is （5） good way to avoid losing jobs.
5． Xi'an guyue is a type of traditional music that is played in Xi'an，Shaanxi Province.It was included in the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） intangible heritage list in 2009.
Xi'an guyue started with Yan music（燕乐） in the Tang Dynasty and later was popular among the folks.This ancient art form has a history of about 1，400 years.It can （1） divided into two main styles— "sitting music" is played indoors and "walking music" is played in open fields.A music band usually has more than 10 musicians.Traditional instruments such as the pipa and daqin were used in ancient times，and later the sheng and drum were used （2） the main instruments.
As time went by，the folk cultural environment （3） the original（最初的） Xi'an guyue lived in is dying out.One of the reasons is that （4） takes at least 90 minutes to perform a full set of"sitting music"，so it is difficult for people to have the patience to listen.We need to take action to pass it down immediately.
Experts have worked（5） develop the art form by combining（融合） Datang music and dance with Xi'an guyue to attract young people.In the countryside，people still invite guyue bands to important events.
6．The return capsule（返回舱） of the Shenzhou﹣14 manned spaceship touched down at the Dongfeng landing site（着陆场） successfully on December 4，2022，with astronauts Chen Dong，Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe inside.
Getting astronauts back from space is more difficult（1） sending them into space，so it prevents many countries from joining the manned space mission（载人航天飞行任务） club.While returning from space，a spaceship must first separate（分离） from the space station，slow down as it enters the atmosphere（大气层），and then slow
（2） again when it gets ready to land.During the whole process，a capsule brings its speed down from 7.9 kilometers per second to（3） few hundred meters per second，and then to 7 meters per second，and at last to 1 meter per second.This is done（4） keep the astronauts safe inside the capsule.Since 2003，14 Chinese astronauts（5） gone to space and returned to Earth safely.
7． Language is part of our daily lives，no matter where we live in the world.Similarly，music is part of many people's lives，（1） it is played on the radio in your car or played in a concert.（2） of them play an important role in our culture and here are some of their similarities（相似性）.
They have a writing system.
In English，we record language using a collection of letters，Similarly，we use notes（音符） to keep a record of music.Just as writers put ideas into words，musicians write notes and create meaning in it.So by writing pieces of text or music，we are able to（3） experiences with others across time and space.At the same time，we can read the thoughts or（4） the inner（内在的） voice of someone who lived hundreds of years ago.
They vary（变化） with culture.
You can know where someone is from by listening to the language they use.In the（5） way，we know that the styles of music are different around the world，letting us know more about different cultures.This also means there is always something for everyone.Even if you don't like African American Jazz，you may love the energy of Latin American music.
They express feelings.
How do you know that I am angry？Of course，you may be able to see it on my face，but you will also know it（6） my words.Similarly，music can sound angry，sad or happy.So it can not only show you exactly（7） the musician was feeling，but also allow you to feel that feeling.When you feel happy，you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.In contrast（相反），you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down.I think we have all used music as well as the（8） in the song to express our feelings.
8．The first time I was in a school play，I believed that I would make mistakes and people would laugh at me.I felt really（1）n .In the weeks before the opening night，I spent a lot of time going over my lines，being afraid of missing any word.I had a great time preparing for the（2） at school，but when I got home，the nervous feeling came back again.
I didn't think anyone would notice what was going on，but actually my older brother Jeremy did.I have to say that he can be pretty smart sometimes（3） he usually makes me angry.
I planned to keep it to myself，but Jeremy finally made me tell him what（4） .I told Jeremy the whole story about the play and my worries.He said，"I just read a really good book.I think you should read it.It's（5） the first African American pilot Bessie in the country.When she was young，African Americans were not allowed to fly a plane.She fought for it，trained hard and later（6）a her dream."
I was interested in it，so I took the book and read it right then.Jeremy was right.It was really a good book!
After reading the story，I was encouraged!I knew that if Bessie could make her dream come true，why should I keep worrying about failing in a school play？The opening night（7） came.When I thought of Bessie flying bravely in the sky，my（8） grew.I gave a wonderful performance and I got a lot of congratulations.As Jeremy rushed to hug me，I said"Thank you"to him.While in my mind I secretly thanked her as well.I believe you know who it was.
9． You know you really want to get good grades.At the same time，your parents have put the pressure on you，or you promised yourself you would do（1） than before.But you keep getting distracted（分心的） and can't focus on study!Here are some tips that help you be focused!
Don't pay attention （2） the specific distractions（使人分心的事） .For example，you're trying to study in the library and you keep getting distracted by someone texting.Take down this distraction，then tell yourself you are going to overcome （3） .Keep doing this every time the distraction comes up，and eventually you will no longer not ice it.
Give yourself a break from worry.Life can be really busy，（4） it's OK if you think of other things while studying.You can （5） 5 minutes thinking about everything that's on your plate，but then tell yourself it's time to focus on the main task for now：studying.
Set a main （6） .When you are about to take an exam，it's easy to think you need to study everything.Break things down and finish small goals one by one.This can （7） things easier and you can be less distracted.
Go offline.Social media and online games are the biggest challenges of keeping focused.Try keeping your phone in another room while you're studying.Also，you can turn off your phone or keep it（8） .
10．"We all have suffered from air pollution.If we don't call for an end to firecrackers，the environment will get worse and worse in the（1） （未来），"said Zhang Wei.He put up a notice in his neighborhood.In the notice，he called on more people to set off fewer firecrackers（2） this year's Spring Festival.
Lots of parents agreed with Zhang Wei.They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers.The noise often woke up their babies （3）e .And the babies really needed a peaceful place to get（4） （足够的） sleep.
More and more Chinese people are looking forward to celebrating the holiday in greener ways.Many people decide not to set off firecrackers and they decide not to（5） food.They think that the new ways are fashionable."My family didn't buy firecrakers this year.I（6） ，we gave the money away to a charity.It's good for the environment and the charity，"the Internet user"Fighter" （7） （写） on the blog.
In my opinion，it's very important for us to celebrate our traditional festival—the Spring Festival.But it's more important to（8） （减少） air pollution and protect our environment.We had better express our cheerful feelings and best wishes in （9） （更环保的） ways.We need more people like Zhang Wei or"Fighter"who uses electronic ways like QQ，WeChat or Blog to spread the ideas of environmental protection.I （10） （相信） more and more people will join them and our environment will get better and better.
11．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在空白处填入恰当的词，并用其正确形式使短文完整、通顺、正确。
Long long ago，a group of people lived together on an island.They were Love，Vanity（虚荣），Sadness and so on.One day，（1） island would sink（沉没）.All the people got on their boats except （2） ，so she decided to ask others for help.
Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat."Vanity， （3） you mind taking me with you ？"Love asked."I can't help you."Vanity answered."Look，your clothes get all （4） .I do want to keep my boat dry.If you come，you must mess it."
Love then turned to Sadness and said."Sadness，please let me get on your boat!""Sorry.I am sad， （5） I need to be alone."Sadness replied.When Love saw Happiness pass by，Love （6） tried to ask her for help.But she was so happy that she didn't even stop to listen to what Love was saying.
Suddenly，Love（7） an old man's voice saying，"Come on，Love.I'll take you away." The old man used his boat to take Love to a safe place.Love thanked him and said，"May I have your name，please？And（8） were you willing to help me？""My name is Time，"the old man replied."I understood how valuable you were—You made the world full （9） peace and pleasure.In my mind，everyone should help you without thinking （10） ."Hearing the old man's words，Love was deeply moved.
12．A：Sarah，how's your study going？I'm having a hard time（1） all these formulas（公式） for the exam.
B：I know the feeling，John.But repeating them（2） can really help.
A：Really？I always read them silently.
B：Yes.And remember to（3） them from time to time.Hermann Ebbinghaus，a scientist studying the mind，said people usually forget most of what they have learned within 24 hours.So that will surely increase your（4） to retain（留存） them.
A：I' ll have a try.I' ve been trying to be more focused in class，but there's just so much information to take in.I（5） you a lot because you always have it all figured out（弄明白）.
B：Thanks，John.It's just practice，really.I find breaking down the text into smaller chunks（组块） and （6） my own study guides help me organize my knowledge better.
A：I see.It's all about active learning.Can you share some more（7） to learning.
B：Yes.I also（8） you.Join a study group.By studying together with others，you can always have many new ideas to learn more（9） and better.
A：That sounds like a fantastic idea.I'm all for it.（10） joins will benefit（受益） from the shared knowledge and support.
13．请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯，每空一词。
A team of scientists are carrying out a project at the University of Greenwich in London. （1） are trying to find ways to make food on Mars （火星） in the future.The project （2） called Feeding Mars.It tries to use water，fish （3） fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars.
It would take （4） least 21 months to reach Mars，learn about its surface and return to Earth.So （5） would be a big help if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself.
Farming on Mars，however，will be very hard.There's plenty of water that could be taken from ice just below the surface， （6） the land on Mars is missing the nutrients （养分） that living things need.The team say that they could solve the problem （7） growing plants and fish together.Fish waste can then be used to provide nutrients （8） plants.
"It is expected that you can grow lots of food，such （9） vegetables，tea and medicinal plants （10） Mars，" said Dr.Benz Kotzen，who leads the project. "You can even harvest （捕获） fish for food then."
14．Road﹣side business has become a hot topic recently as it reflects common people's life lively.
Last weekend，5 college students （1） to taste the trade pattern and difficulties of life outside school （2） selling vegetables on the side of the road together.
In the morning，they had to get up at 3 o'clock.First，they went to the farm near the city to buy different （3） of vegetables.To lower the cost，they learn to bargain （讲价） with the farmers.Then they went back to the city as soon as （4） to take up a street stall （摊位）.At about 6：30 a.m.after putting vegetables in order and nicer ones on top，they began to sell vegetables.They peddled （吆喝） loudly （5） actively to attract customers.When the vegetables were not sold out，they gave them to homeless people for free.Two days （6） ，they earned （挣得） about 300 yuan.
After this unusual experience，they shared their feelings with each （7） . "We were tired，but we gained （8） pared with hanging out，such social practice makes us learn （9） difficult it is to make money." said Wang Wen，who （10） up with this idea.
中考英语备考复习 短文填空（无提示词）
参考答案与试题解析
一．短文填空（共14小题）
1．阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
How often do you get angry？Twice a week or once a day？Last month，a group of students joined （1） in a special activity.Their teacher，Ms.Cheng，asked them and their parents not to get angry for 21 days.
During the 21 days，those students and their parents had （2） to record （记录） their moods （情绪） every day.Most students and their parents thought it （3） was easy at first.
However，only one family kept their moods for 21 days.Through the activity，Ms.Cheng found that parents were more easily to get angry （4） than their children. "Parents' moods can affect their children's.I hope parents will notice the importance （5） of good environment at home and try to control their moods in front of their children"，she said.
【答案】（1）in （2）to （3）was （4）than （5）of
【分析】本文讲述了一组学生和他们的父母参与了一个不生气21天的活动。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：上个月，一组学生参加了一个特别的活动。此处是固定短语join in，表示"参加"，故填in。
（2）考查介词。句意：在21天里，那些学生和他们的父母每天都必须要记录他们的情绪。根据题干可知，此处是短语have to do"必须做"。故填to。
（3）考查动词。句意：大多数学生和他们的父母一开始认为这很容易。thought后是宾语从句，空处缺少be动词。句子是一般过去时，主语是it，be动词用was。故填was。
（4）考查介词。句意：发现父母比他们的孩子更容易生气。根据句意可知，这里是比较关系，应用than。故填than。
（5）考查介词。句意：我希望父母能够注意到良好家庭环境的重要性。the importance of"……的重要性"，故填of。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
2． The environmental problems are very serious these days.In order to make our country more beautiful，we students should do something （1） to protect the environment.
I think we should turn off the lights to save electricity （2） when we leave the room..And when.we brush our teeth，we'd better turn off the taps.Also，we should advise our parents to take the bus to work instead （3） of driving and use reusable bags when shopping.In a word，I think，one thing we should keep in mind is that protecting the environment begins with small things.Small actions can make （4） a difference and lead to a better future.
How important it （5） is for us to protect the environment!Let's take action.
【答案】（1）to（2）when（3）of（4）a（5）is
【分析】本文主要讲述了当前环境问题的严重性，并强调了学生在保护环境中应承担的责任。文章提出了一些具体的环保措施，如关灯节电、刷牙时关闭水龙头、建议父母乘坐公交和购物使用可重复使用的袋子等。最后，作者呼吁大家从小事做起，共同保护环境，以创造更美好的未来。
【解答】（1）考查不定式。句意：为了使我们的国家更加美丽，我们学生应该做些事情来保护环境。不定式表目的，故填to。
（2）考查连词。句意：我认为我们离开房间时应该关灯以省电。when当......时候，这里指当我们离开房间时，故填when。
（3）考查介词。句意：还有，我们应该建议父母坐公交车去上班，而不是开车，购物时使用环保袋。固定搭配instead of代替，故填of。
（4）考查冠词。句意：小小的行动可以带来改变，带来更美好的未来。固定搭配make a difference引起变化，故填a。
（5）考查系动词。句意：保护环境对我们来说是多么重要啊！感叹句it做主语要用is，故填is。
【点评】根据所给信息填空，考生注意先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
3． The guqin is one of the oldest stringed instruments.It has a history of about 3000 years.Xu Chaoran，a guqin player （1） who is good at playing the modern songs with the guqin，is getting more and more popular.
When Xu was a little kid，she took a great interest in music.She learned different kinds of musical （2） instruments ，such as the guitar and the piano.（3） At the age of 9，she began to play the guzheng.In 2009，Xu went to study traditional Chinese music at the Wuhan Conservatory of Music.There，she also （4） spent a lot of time learning the guqin.
After graduating（毕业） from school，Xu continued playing it while giving guqin lessons at her teacher's studio.Later，Xu opened a studio herself.Now，Xu not only teaches students the guqin （5） but also makes videos of her playing the guqin.Xu hopes young people can love guqin music and learn to play the instrument by watching her videos.She thinks it's also a nice way to spread our traditional culture.
【答案】（1）who
（2）instruments
（3）At
（4）spent
（5）but
【分析】文章主要介绍了古琴演奏家徐朝然，她擅长用古琴演奏现代歌曲，并越来越受欢迎。徐朝然从小就对音乐感兴趣，学习过吉他和钢琴等乐器，9岁时开始学习古筝，2009年进入武汉音乐学院学习中国传统音乐，并花了大量时间学习古琴。毕业后，她继续演奏古琴并在老师的工作室内教授古琴课程，后来开设了自己的工作室。现在，她不仅教授学生古琴，还制作自己演奏古琴的视频，希望年轻人能够热爱古琴音乐并通过观看她的视频学习演奏，认为这是传播传统文化的一种好方式。
【解答】（1）考查关系词。句意：徐朝然，一位擅长用古琴演奏现代歌曲的古琴演奏者，正变得越来越受欢迎。此处考查定语从句关系代词，先行词是 "a guqin player（一位古琴演奏者）"，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 who 引导定语从句。故填who。
（2）考查名词。句意：她学习了不同种类的乐器，比如吉他和钢琴。根据后文 "such as the guitar and the piano（例如吉他和钢琴）" 可知这里说的是不同种类的乐器，"instrument" 是可数名词，前面有 "different kinds of（不同种类的）" 修饰，要用复数形式 instruments。故填instruments。
（3）考查介词。句意：在 9 岁时，她开始弹奏古筝。"at the age of..." 是固定短语，意为 "在……岁时"，句首单词首字母要大写，故填At。
（4）考查动词。句意：在那里，她也花费了大量时间学习古琴。此处考查固定搭配 "spend time （in） doing sth（花费时间做某事）"，这里描述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，spend 的过去式是 spent。故填spent。
（5）考查连词。句意：现在，徐朝然不但教学生弹奏古琴，而且还录制自己弹奏古琴的视频。"not only...but also..." 是固定短语，意为 "不但……而且……"，符合语境，故填but。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义，根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
4． Many people are afraid that robots may take the place of humans in some fields.A report said that AI could do a quarter of all the work that humans could do.In Europe and America，300 million people may lose jobs （1） because of AI.
But it is not all bad news.Scientists have pointed out that there（2） are still some jobs that AI can't do.People who get the following kinds of jobs take lower risks（风险） of losing jobs.
◆The first would be jobs that are really creative.You need to come up（3） with new ideas and build something new.
◆The second would be （4） jobs that are related to important interpersonal（人际的） relationships.These jobs need people to have a very deep understanding of other people.
◆The third would be jobs that require people to have wonderful skills in handwork，such as welders（焊工）.They are probably the least likely to be taken the place of.
In short，adapting to（适应） the changes of society is （5） a good way to avoid losing jobs.
【答案】（1）because （2）are （3）with （4）jobs （5）a
【分析】短文主要讨论了人工智能可能取代人类在某些领域的工作，并指出在欧洲和美洲，3000万人可能会因为人工智能而失去工作。然而，科学家指出仍有许多工作是人工智能无法胜任的，如创造性工作、需要深厚人际关系的工作以及需要精湛手工技能的工作。最后，文章强调适应社会变化是避免失业的好方法。
【解答】（1）考查短语。句意：在欧洲和美国，有3亿人可能会因为人工智能而失去工作。because of：由于。故填because。
（2）考查动词。句意：科学家指出，仍有一些工作是人工智能无法完成的。句子为there be结构一般现在时，some jobs （一些工作）为复数名词，故填are。
（3）考查介词。句意：你需要想出新的想法，创造新的东西。come up with（想出），故填：with。
（4）考查名词。句意：第二种是与重要的人际关系相关的工作。该句是定语从句，从句中的谓语动词是are ，先行从应该是个复数名词，job：工作。故填jobs。
（5）考查冠词。句意：总之，适应社会的变化是避免失业的好方法。根据way表泛指，且空后good一辅音音素开头，故填a。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。
5． Xi'an guyue is a type of traditional music that is played in Xi'an，Shaanxi Province.It was included in the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） intangible heritage list in 2009.
Xi'an guyue started with Yan music（燕乐） in the Tang Dynasty and later was popular among the folks.This ancient art form has a history of about 1，400 years.It can （1） be divided into two main styles— "sitting music" is played indoors and "walking music" is played in open fields.A music band usually has more than 10 musicians.Traditional instruments such as the pipa and daqin were used in ancient times，and later the sheng and drum were used （2） as the main instruments.
As time went by，the folk cultural environment （3） that the original（最初的） Xi'an guyue lived in is dying out.One of the reasons is that （4） it takes at least 90 minutes to perform a full set of"sitting music"，so it is difficult for people to have the patience to listen.We need to take action to pass it down immediately.
Experts have worked（5） to develop the art form by combining（融合） Datang music and dance with Xi'an guyue to attract young people.In the countryside，people still invite guyue bands to important events.
【答案】（1）be（2）as（3）that （4）it（5）to
【分析】西安鼓乐是一种源自陕西省西安市的传统音乐形式，2009年被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。它起源于唐代的燕乐，后在民间广泛流传，拥有约1400年的历史。西安鼓乐主要分为"坐乐"和"行乐"两种风格，乐队通常由超过10名音乐家组成，使用琵琶、大琴等传统乐器演奏。然而，随着时间的推移，原有的民俗文化环境逐渐消失，加之演出时间较长，导致人们难以耐心聆听。专家正通过结合大唐音乐舞蹈与西安鼓乐来吸引年轻人，同时在乡村地区，人们仍会在重要活动中邀请鼓乐乐队表演。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：它可以被分为两种主要风格——室内演奏的"坐乐"和室外演奏的"行乐"。情态动词can后面需用动词原形。be divided into被分成，固定短语。故填be。
（2）考查介词。句意：古代使用琵琶和大琴等传统乐器，后来笙和鼓成为主要乐器。be used as作为......被使用，故填as。
（3）考查关系代词。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，西安鼓乐原有的民俗文化环境逐渐消失。先行词是environment（环境），指物，在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，关系代词用that。故填that。
（4）考查人称代词。句意：原因之一是演奏全套"坐乐"至少需要90分钟，人们很难有耐心去听。it takes time to do sth.做某事花费多长时间，固定句型。故填it。
（5）考查不定式。句意：专家正通过结合大唐音乐舞蹈与西安鼓乐来吸引年轻人。此处用不定式表示目的。故填to。
【点评】先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
6．The return capsule（返回舱） of the Shenzhou﹣14 manned spaceship touched down at the Dongfeng landing site（着陆场） successfully on December 4，2022，with astronauts Chen Dong，Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe inside.
Getting astronauts back from space is more difficult（1） than sending them into space，so it prevents many countries from joining the manned space mission（载人航天飞行任务） club.While returning from space，a spaceship must first separate（分离） from the space station，slow down as it enters the atmosphere（大气层），and then slow
（2） down again when it gets ready to land.During the whole process，a capsule brings its speed down from 7.9 kilometers per second to（3） a few hundred meters per second，and then to 7 meters per second，and at last to 1 meter per second.This is done（4） to keep the astronauts safe inside the capsule.Since 2003，14 Chinese astronauts（5） have gone to space and returned to Earth safely.
【答案】（1）than （2）down （3）a （4）to （5）have
【分析】本文主要介绍了神州14号返回地球的过程。
【解答】 （1）考查连词。句意：把宇航员从太空接回来比把他们送进太空更加困难，因此阻碍了许多国家加入载人航天飞行任务组织。根据"more difficult"可知，此处表比较级，空格后为比较的对象，故填than。
（2）考查副词。句意：从太空返回时，飞船必须首先与空间站分离，进入大气层时减速，然后当它准备着陆的时候再减速。根据"slow down as it enters the atmosphere"（进入大气层时减速）和again可知此处表示再次减速，slow down"减速"，故填down。
（3）考查冠词。句意：在整个过程中，太空舱将速度从每秒7.9公里降至每秒几百米，然后降至每秒7米，最后降至每秒1米每秒。a few hundred meters（几百米）故填a。
（4）考查动词不定式。句意：这样做是为了保证宇航员在太空舱内的安全。根据"keep the astronauts safe inside the capsule"（保证太空舱内宇航员的安全）可知，空格后表目的，空处缺少介词to，构成动词不定式，故填to。
（5）考查助动词。句意：自2003年以来，14名中国宇航员去过太空并安全返回地球。分析句子，句子时态为现在完成时，空处缺少助动词have/has，主语14 Chinese astronauts（14名中国宇航员）为复数，故填have。
【点评】首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处的需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。
7． Language is part of our daily lives，no matter where we live in the world.Similarly，music is part of many people's lives，（1） whether it is played on the radio in your car or played in a concert.（2） Both of them play an important role in our culture and here are some of their similarities（相似性）.
They have a writing system.
In English，we record language using a collection of letters，Similarly，we use notes（音符） to keep a record of music.Just as writers put ideas into words，musicians write notes and create meaning in it.So by writing pieces of text or music，we are able to（3） share experiences with others across time and space.At the same time，we can read the thoughts or（4） hear the inner（内在的） voice of someone who lived hundreds of years ago.
They vary（变化） with culture.
You can know where someone is from by listening to the language they use.In the（5） same way，we know that the styles of music are different around the world，letting us know more about different cultures.This also means there is always something for everyone.Even if you don't like African American Jazz，you may love the energy of Latin American music.
They express feelings.
How do you know that I am angry？Of course，you may be able to see it on my face，but you will also know it（6） through my words.Similarly，music can sound angry，sad or happy.So it can not only show you exactly（7） how the musician was feeling，but also allow you to feel that feeling.When you feel happy，you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.In contrast（相反），you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down.I think we have all used music as well as the（8） language in the song to express our feelings.
【答案】（1）whether（2）Both（3）share（4）hear（5）same（6）through（7）how（8）language
【分析】语言和音乐都是我们日常生活中不可或缺的部分，它们在文化中扮演着重要角色。语言通过文字记录，音乐则通过音符记录，两者都能跨越时间和空间与人分享经验。通过听一个人的语言或音乐风格，我们可以了解他们的文化背景。此外，语言和音乐都能表达情感，让我们感受到说话者或音乐家的情绪。
【解答】（1）考查连词。句意：同样，音乐是许多人生活的一部分，无论是在车里的收音机上播放还是在音乐会上播放。whether...or（无论......或者），故填：whether。
（2）考查代词。句意：两者在我们的文化中都发挥着重要作用，以下是它们的一些相似之处。根据whether it is played on the radio in your car or played in a concert.（无论是在车里的收音机上播放还是在音乐会上播放。）可知空处表示：两者都，句子首字母大写，故填：Both。
（3）考查动词。句意：因此，通过撰写文本或音乐，我们能够跨越时间和空间与他人分享经验。根据So by writing pieces of text or music，（因此，通过撰写文本或音乐，）可知空处应填：分享，to后跟动词原形，故填：share。
（4）考查动词。句意：同时，我们可以读到生活在几百年前的人的思想或听到他内心的声音。根据the inner（内在的） voice （内心的声音），可知空处应填：听到，故填：hear。
（5）考查形容词。句意：同样的，我们知道世界各地的音乐风格不同，让我们更多地了解不同的文化。in the same way（同样），故填：same。
（6）考查介词。句意：当然，你也许能从我的脸上看出来，但你也会通过我的话知道。根据my words.（我的话）可知空处应填：通过，故填：through。
（7）考查副词。句意：因此，它不仅可以准确地向你展示音乐家的感受，还可以让你感受到那种感觉。根据the musician was feeling，（音乐家的感受）可知空处应填：如何，故填：how。
（8）考查名词。句意：我想我们都用音乐和歌曲中的语言来表达我们的感受。根据in the song （歌曲中），可知空处应填：语言，故填：language。
【点评】解答此类题，关键在于理解，即理解句子的逻辑关系，选择合适的词语。
8．The first time I was in a school play，I believed that I would make mistakes and people would laugh at me.I felt really（1）n ervous .In the weeks before the opening night，I spent a lot of time going over my lines，being afraid of missing any word.I had a great time preparing for the（2） play at school，but when I got home，the nervous feeling came back again.
I didn't think anyone would notice what was going on，but actually my older brother Jeremy did.I have to say that he can be pretty smart sometimes（3） although he usually makes me angry.
I planned to keep it to myself，but Jeremy finally made me tell him what（4） happened .I told Jeremy the whole story about the play and my worries.He said，"I just read a really good book.I think you should read it.It's（5） about the first African American pilot Bessie in the country.When she was young，African Americans were not allowed to fly a plane.She fought for it，trained hard and later（6）a chieved her dream."
I was interested in it，so I took the book and read it right then.Jeremy was right.It was really a good book!
After reading the story，I was encouraged!I knew that if Bessie could make her dream come true，why should I keep worrying about failing in a school play？The opening night（7） finally came.When I thought of Bessie flying bravely in the sky，my（8） courage grew.I gave a wonderful performance and I got a lot of congratulations.As Jeremy rushed to hug me，I said"Thank you"to him.While in my mind I secretly thanked her as well.I believe you know who it was.
【答案】（1）nervous （2）play （3）although （4）happened （5）about （6）achieved （7）finally （8）courage
【分析】这篇短文讲述了作者在学校戏剧表演前感到紧张和害怕犯错，但在哥哥Jeremy的鼓励下，阅读了一本关于第一位非裔美国女飞行员Bessie的书籍后获得了勇气。这本书的故事激励了作者，使他在开幕之夜勇敢地表演，并取得了成功。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：我感到非常紧张。根据下文the nervous feeling came back again（紧张的感觉又回来了），可知我感到非常紧张。故填nervous。
（2）考查名词。句意：我在学校花了大量时间为戏剧表演做准备，但当我回到家时，紧张的感觉又回来了。根据The first time I was in a school play（我第一次在学校表演戏剧时），可知此处是指为戏剧表演做准备，空格处用play表示"戏剧"。故填play。
（3）考查连词。句意：我不得不说，他有时可能很聪明，虽然他常常惹我生气。根据I have to say that he can be pretty smart sometimes...he usually makes me angry.（我不得不说他有时可能非常聪明......他常常惹我生气。）可知，两句之间存在让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故填although。
（4）考查动词。句意：我本打算保密的，但Jeremy最终让我告诉他发生了什么。根据Jeremy finally made me tell him what...（Jeremy最终让我告诉他.......什么）可知，Jeremy让我告诉他发生了什么，happen发生，时态应为一般过去时。故填happened。
（5）考查介词。句意：这是关于美国第一位非裔美籍飞行员Bessie的。根据句意可知，此处是指这本书的内容，应用about表示"关于"。故填about。
（6）考查动词。句意：她为此奋斗，努力训练并实现了梦想。根据...her dream（......她的梦想）和首字母a推断，此处是指实现梦想，achieve表示"实现"，时态为一般过去时。故填achieved。
（7）考查副词。句意：开幕之夜最终来临。根据The opening night...came.（开幕之夜......来临。）可知，此处用finally表示"最终"。故填finally。
（8）考查名词。句意：当我想到贝西在天空中勇敢地飞翔时，我的勇气增强。根据I thought of Bessie flying bravely in the sky（我想到贝西在天空中勇敢地飞翔），可知我的勇气增强，courage勇气，不可数名词。故填courage。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
9． You know you really want to get good grades.At the same time，your parents have put the pressure on you，or you promised yourself you would do（1） better than before.But you keep getting distracted（分心的） and can't focus on study!Here are some tips that help you be focused!
Don't pay attention （2） to the specific distractions（使人分心的事） .For example，you're trying to study in the library and you keep getting distracted by someone texting.Take down this distraction，then tell yourself you are going to overcome （3） it .Keep doing this every time the distraction comes up，and eventually you will no longer not ice it.
Give yourself a break from worry.Life can be really busy，（4） so it's OK if you think of other things while studying.You can （5） spend 5 minutes thinking about everything that's on your plate，but then tell yourself it's time to focus on the main task for now：studying.
Set a main （6） goal .When you are about to take an exam，it's easy to think you need to study everything.Break things down and finish small goals one by one.This can （7） make things easier and you can be less distracted.
Go offline.Social media and online games are the biggest challenges of keeping focused.Try keeping your phone in another room while you're studying.Also，you can turn off your phone or keep it（8） silent .
【答案】（1）better（2）to（3）it（4）so（5）spend（6）goal（7）make（8）silent
【分析】短文主要介绍了一些帮助提高学习专注力的方法。首先，不要过分关注特定的干扰因素，而是应该告诉自己要克服它们。其次，适当给自己放松的时间，不必因为思考其他事情而感到焦虑。再次，设定一个主要的学习目标，通过完成小目标来逐步实现。最后，远离社交媒体和在线游戏，尝试在学习时将手机放在另一个房间或关闭。
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：与此同时，你的父母给你施加了压力，或者你承诺自己会比以前做得更好。well好地，副词，修饰动词do，than前面要用比较级，故填better。
（2）考查不定式。句意：不要关注具体的干扰因素。固定搭配pay attention to关注，故填to。
（3）考查代词。句意：消除这种干扰，然后告诉自己你会克服它。it代表的是干扰，故填it。
（4）考查连词。句意：生活可能真的很忙，所以如果你在学习时想其他事情也没关系。so所以，表示结果，故填so。
（5）考查动词。句意：你可以花5分钟思考你盘子里的所有东西，然后告诉自己现在是时候专注于主要任务了：学习。spend doing sth花费时间和金钱做某事，can后面加动词原形，故填spend。
（6）考查名词。句意：设定一个主要目标。goal目标，a+名词单数，故填goal。
（7）考查动词。句意：这可以让事情变得更容易，你也可以更少分心。make使，can后面加动词原形，故填make。
（8）考查形容词。句意：此外，你可以关掉手机或保持静音。silent形容词，keep silent保持静音，故填silent。
【点评】根据所给信息填空，考生注意先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
10．"We all have suffered from air pollution.If we don't call for an end to firecrackers，the environment will get worse and worse in the（1） future （未来），"said Zhang Wei.He put up a notice in his neighborhood.In the notice，he called on more people to set off fewer firecrackers（2） during this year's Spring Festival.
Lots of parents agreed with Zhang Wei.They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers.The noise often woke up their babies （3）e asily .And the babies really needed a peaceful place to get（4） enough （足够的） sleep.
More and more Chinese people are looking forward to celebrating the holiday in greener ways.Many people decide not to set off firecrackers and they decide not to（5） waste food.They think that the new ways are fashionable."My family didn't buy firecrakers this year.I（6） nstead ，we gave the money away to a charity.It's good for the environment and the charity，"the Internet user"Fighter" （7） wrote （写） on the blog.
In my opinion，it's very important for us to celebrate our traditional festival—the Spring Festival.But it's more important to（8） reduce （减少） air pollution and protect our environment.We had better express our cheerful feelings and best wishes in （9） greener （更环保的） ways.We need more people like Zhang Wei or"Fighter"who uses electronic ways like QQ，WeChat or Blog to spread the ideas of environmental protection.I （10） believe （相信） more and more people will join them and our environment will get better and better.
【答案】（1）future（2）during（3）easily（4）enough（5）waste（6）Instead（7）wrote（8）reduce（9）greener（10）believe
【分析】本文从环保的角度讲述一个叫张伟的人，呼吁"停止放鞭炮"来保护环境，作者也提倡我们应以更环保的方式庆祝节日。
【解答】（1）考查短语。句意：如果我们不呼吁停止放鞭炮，未来的环境会越来越糟。根据中文提示，可知名词future"未来"符合题意，in the future"未来"，固定短语。故填future。
（2）考查连词。句意：在通知中，他呼吁更多的人在今年春节期间少放鞭炮。根据空后"this year's Spring Festival"（今年春节），表示"一段时间"，可知during"在……期间"，符合句意。故填during。
（3）考查副词。句意：吵闹声常常很容易把他们的孩子吵醒。根据上文"They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers."（他们说他们讨厌鞭炮声。）结合首字母提示，可知此句是说明讨厌的原因，即"很容易把他们的孩子吵醒"，副词修饰动词，easily意为"容易地"，符合句意。故填easily。
（4）考查形容词。句意：宝宝们真的需要一个安静的地方来获得足够的睡眠。根据括号内中文提示，可知形容词enough"足够的"，符合句意。故填enough。
（5）考查动词。句意：许多人决定不放鞭炮，他们决定不浪费食物。根据空后"food"，结合首字母提示，可知动词waste"浪费"，符合句意，decide （not） to do"决定（不）做某事"。故填waste。
（6）考查副词。句意：相反，我们把钱捐给了慈善机构。根据"didn't buy firecrackers"（没有买鞭炮）和"gave the money away to a charity"（把钱捐给了慈善机构）的逻辑关系，结合首字母提示，可知空处应填Instead，表示"相反"。故填Instead。
（7）考查动词。句意：这对环境和慈善事业都有好处，网友"斗士"在博客上写道。根据上文"My family didn't buy…we gave…"（我们家今年没有买鞭炮。）可知空处应填过去式，表示"已经发生的动作"，动词write"写"的过去式是wrote。故填wrote。
（8）考查动词。句意：但更重要的是减少空气污染和保护我们的环境。根据空前"it's more important to…"（但更重要的是减少空气污染）可知空处应填动词原形，结合中文提示，动词reduce"减少"，符合句意。故填reduce。
（9）考查形容词。句意：我们最好用更环保的方式来表达我们愉快的心情和最美好的祝愿。根据中文提示，可知空处应填形容词比较级，结合上文中"…to celebrating the holiday in greener ways"（以更环保的方式庆祝节日）可知greener"更环保的"，符合句意。故填greener。
（10）考查动词。句意：我相信越来越多的人会加入他们，我们的环境会变得越来越好。根据上文所述，可知此句时态应用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用动词原形，结合中文提示，动词believe"相信"，符合句意。故填believe。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义，根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
11．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在空白处填入恰当的词，并用其正确形式使短文完整、通顺、正确。
Long long ago，a group of people lived together on an island.They were Love，Vanity（虚荣），Sadness and so on.One day，（1） the island would sink（沉没）.All the people got on their boats except （2） Love ，so she decided to ask others for help.
Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat."Vanity， （3） would you mind taking me with you ？"Love asked."I can't help you."Vanity answered."Look，your clothes get all （4） wet .I do want to keep my boat dry.If you come，you must mess it."
Love then turned to Sadness and said."Sadness，please let me get on your boat!""Sorry.I am sad， （5） and I need to be alone."Sadness replied.When Love saw Happiness pass by，Love （6） also tried to ask her for help.But she was so happy that she didn't even stop to listen to what Love was saying.
Suddenly，Love（7） heard an old man's voice saying，"Come on，Love.I'll take you away." The old man used his boat to take Love to a safe place.Love thanked him and said，"May I have your name，please？And（8） why were you willing to help me？""My name is Time，"the old man replied."I understood how valuable you were—You made the world full （9） of peace and pleasure.In my mind，everyone should help you without thinking （10） twice ."Hearing the old man's words，Love was deeply moved.
【答案】（1）the（2）Love（3）would（4）wet（5）and（6）also（7）heard（8）why（9）of（10）twice
【分析】本文主要介绍了爱向虚荣和悲伤寻求帮助时被拒绝，最后是时间老人救了它的故事。这个故事告诉人们，我们需要时间去懂得爱的价值。
【解答】（1）考查冠词。句意：一天，岛要沉了。上文已经提到了这个小岛，所以这个位置需要填写定冠词the。故填the。
（2）考查名词。句意：除了爱之外的所有人都乘船离开了，于是爱决定向其他人求助。根据下文Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat.可知只有Love没有离开。故填Love。
（3）考查情态动词。句意："虚荣，你介意带我一起走吗？"根据情境，可知此句为委婉的请求帮助，would you mind doing sth.为固定搭配，意为介意做某事吗？故填would。
（4）考查形容词。句意：看，你的衣服都湿透了，我想让我的船保持干燥。根据dry推测为反义词湿的，wet表示"湿的"。故填wet。
（5）考查连词。句意：对不起，我很悲伤，我需要独处。前后具有递进关系，and意为"并且"。故填and。
（6）考查副词。句意：当爱看见快乐经过时，爱也试图请求帮助，但快乐太高兴了，以至于没有停下来听爱说什么。上文爱已经想虚荣和悲伤寻求帮助，可见她也向快乐寻求帮助，also"也"位于句中。故填also。
（7）考查动词。句意：突然，爱听到一位老人的声音说："来吧，爱。我带你离开。"根据填空后的voice可知所缺单词为听，hear"听"，时态为一般过去时，hear的过去式为heard。故填heard。
（8）考查特殊疑问词。句意：爱感谢他并问："请问你的名字是什么？为什么你愿意帮助我？"why"为什么"。故填why。
（9）考查介词。句意：你让世界充满了和平与快乐。full of是固定搭配，意为"充满"。故填of。
（10）考查副词。句意：在我看来，每个人都应该毫不犹豫地帮助你。think twice是固定搭配，意为"慎重考虑"。故填twice。
【点评】首先要通读全文，掌握大意，根据上下文之间的联系，确定某处所需要的词汇以及相应形式，就可以确定正确答案。
12．A：Sarah，how's your study going？I'm having a hard time（1） remembering all these formulas（公式） for the exam.
B：I know the feeling，John.But repeating them（2） actually can really help.
A：Really？I always read them silently.
B：Yes.And remember to（3） review them from time to time.Hermann Ebbinghaus，a scientist studying the mind，said people usually forget most of what they have learned within 24 hours.So that will surely increase your（4） ability to retain（留存） them.
A：I' ll have a try.I' ve been trying to be more focused in class，but there's just so much information to take in.I（5） admire you a lot because you always have it all figured out（弄明白）.
B：Thanks，John.It's just practice，really.I find breaking down the text into smaller chunks（组块） and （6） creating my own study guides help me organize my knowledge better.
A：I see.It's all about active learning.Can you share some more（7） tips to learning.
B：Yes.I also（8） suggest you.Join a study group.By studying together with others，you can always have many new ideas to learn more（9） efficiently and better.
A：That sounds like a fantastic idea.I'm all for it.（10） Surely joins will benefit（受益） from the shared knowledge and support.
【答案】（1）remembering（2）actually（3）review（4）ability（5）admire（6）creating（7）tips（8）suggest（9）efficiently（10）Surely
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了John在准备考试时遇到了困难，而Sarah则分享了她的学习方法和建议。Sarah强调了重复记忆、定期复习的重要性，并提到了科学家Hermann Ebbinghaus关于遗忘曲线的研究。她还建议John尝试更专注地听课，并将学习内容分解成小块，制作自己的学习指南。此外，Sarah还鼓励John加入学习小组，以便与他人一起学习，从而获得更多新的想法和更好的学习效果。
【解答】（1）考查动名词。句意：我在记住所有这些考试用的公式方面遇到了困难。根据语境，前面说学习很艰难，这里应该是"记住这些考试用的公式"，have a hard time doing sth.，所以用remembering。故填：remembering。
（2）考查副词。句意：实际上，重复真的有帮助。John说一直默默地读，Sarah这里用actually来强调"实际上，重复真的有帮助"。故填：actually。
（3）考查动词。句意：记住要时不时的复习它们（公式）。从学习方法角度，前面说重复有帮助，这里进一步说要"时不时复习它们（公式）"。故填：review。
（4）考查名词。句意：所以复习会增加你重新记住它们的能力。因为提到人们会在24小时内忘记所学大部分内容，所以复习会增加你"重新记住它们的能力"。故填：ability。
（5）考查动词。句意：我羡慕你总是能把事情弄明白。根据语境，John羡慕Sarah总是能把事情弄明白，因为自己努力专注还是觉得信息太多。故填：admire。
（6）考查动名词。句意：我发现把文本分成小块并且创建自己的学习指南可以更好地帮助我组织知识。这里是说把文本分成小块并且"创建自己的学习指南"可以更好地组织知识，和前面的breaking down并列。故填：creating。
（7）考查名词。句意：你能分享更多学习的建议吗？John问能不能分享更多学习"建议、小贴士"，tips符合语境。故填：tips。
（8）考查动词。句意：我也建议你加入学习小组。Sarah回答说"Yes，I also..."，后面接着说让John加入学习小组，这是在给出建议，所以这里填suggest。故填：suggest。
（9）考查副词。句意：你会有许多新的想法去更有效率地学习，学的更好。和前面的more一起，表示"更有效率地"学习"，修饰learn。故填：efficiently。
（10）考查副词。句意：肯定会从共享的知识和支持中受益。John回应说那听起来是个很棒的主意，自己完全赞成，这里应该是说"肯定"会从共享的知识和支持中受益，surely起到加强语气的作用，表示肯定的预期，符合语境。故填：Surely。
【点评】根据所给信息填空，考生注意先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
13．请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯，每空一词。
A team of scientists are carrying out a project at the University of Greenwich in London. （1） They are trying to find ways to make food on Mars （火星） in the future.The project （2） is called Feeding Mars.It tries to use water，fish （3） and fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars.
It would take （4） at least 21 months to reach Mars，learn about its surface and return to Earth.So （5） it would be a big help if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself.
Farming on Mars，however，will be very hard.There's plenty of water that could be taken from ice just below the surface， （6） but the land on Mars is missing the nutrients （养分） that living things need.The team say that they could solve the problem （7） by growing plants and fish together.Fish waste can then be used to provide nutrients （8） for plants.
"It is expected that you can grow lots of food，such （9） as vegetables，tea and medicinal plants （10） on Mars，" said Dr.Benz Kotzen，who leads the project. "You can even harvest （捕获） fish for food then."
【答案】（1）They （2）is （3）and （4）at （5）it （6）but （7）by （8）for （9）as （10）on
【分析】本文讲述了一个名叫"Feeding Mars"的项目，该项目研究如何在火星上制作食物；如果这个项目获得成功，人们就可以在火星上进行耕作生活。
【解答】（1）考查代词。句意：他们正在寻找未来在火星上制造食物的方法。该处指代上文的"A team of scientists"，且作主语，因此用人称代词主格they"他们"，句首首字母大写。故填They。
（2）考查动词。句意：这个项目被叫作"喂养火星"。结合横线后过去分词called，此处考查被动语态be called"被叫作"，时态为一般现在时，且主语是单数，所以be动词用is。故填is。
（3）考查连词。句意：它设法利用水、鱼和鱼的废弃物在火星上种植水果和蔬菜。横线处并列water、fish以及fish waste，因此填入并列连词and"和，并且"，故填and。
（4）考查介词。句意：抵达火星、了解它的表面然后返回地球将会花费至少21个月的时间。结合横线后的least以及时间段，考查短语at least"至少"，故填at。
（5）考查代词。句意：所以如果宇航员能在火星上种植新鲜的食物，那将是一个很大的帮助。横线处作形式主义，真正的主语是"if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself"这件事，因此用it作形式主语。故填it。
（6）考查连词。句意：火星地表下的冰层中有大量可获取的水，但火星的土地缺少生物所需的养分。横线前的句子说的是水源充足，横线后的句子说的是火星土壤养分缺失，所以横线前后是转折关系，横线处应填入转折连词but"但是"，故填but。
（7）考查介词。句意：该团队表示，他们可以通过将种植植物和养鱼结合起来解决这一问题。根据句意可知，横线后表示解决火星土壤养分缺失这一问题的方式，介词by表方式"通过"符合语境，且介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填by。
（8）考查介词。句意：然后鱼的废弃物可以用来为植物提供养分。考查短语provide sth.for sb."为某人提供某物"，故填for。
（9）考查短语。句意：预计你可以在火星上种植大量的食物，如蔬菜、茶和药用植物。根据句意可知，横线后是对火星上可栽种食物的举例，考查短语such as"例如"，故填as。
（10）考查介词。句意：预计你可以在火星上种植大量的食物，如蔬菜、茶和药用植物。根据句意可知，此处指在火星地表栽种食物，介词on"在……上面"符合语境，故填on。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
14．Road﹣side business has become a hot topic recently as it reflects common people's life lively.
Last weekend，5 college students （1） decided to taste the trade pattern and difficulties of life outside school （2） by selling vegetables on the side of the road together.
In the morning，they had to get up at 3 o'clock.First，they went to the farm near the city to buy different （3） kinds of vegetables.To lower the cost，they learn to bargain （讲价） with the farmers.Then they went back to the city as soon as （4） possible to take up a street stall （摊位）.At about 6：30 a.m.after putting vegetables in order and nicer ones on top，they began to sell vegetables.They peddled （吆喝） loudly （5） and actively to attract customers.When the vegetables were not sold out，they gave them to homeless people for free.Two days （6） later ，they earned （挣得） about 300 yuan.
After this unusual experience，they shared their feelings with each （7） other . "We were tired，but we gained （8） a pared with hanging out，such social practice makes us learn （9） how difficult it is to make money." said Wang Wen，who （10） came up with this idea.
【答案】（1）decided （2）by （3）kinds （4）possible （5）and （6）later （7）other （8）a （9）how （10）came
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了五名大学生为了体验校外生活和了解路边摊贩的经营模式，决定一起在路边卖菜。他们凌晨三点起床去农场采购蔬菜，学习讨价还价以降低成本，然后在城市里摆摊卖菜。经过两天的努力，他们共赚了约300元，并将未卖出的蔬菜免费送给了无家可归的人。通过这次经历，学生们分享了各自的感受，认为虽然辛苦但收获颇丰，深刻体会到赚钱的不易。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：上周末，5名大学生决定通过一起在校外路边卖菜品味贸易格局和生活不易。分析句子可知，横线上是谓语动词，后面的是他们要做的事，所以决定做某事，由于是过去的事，所以是动词过去式"decided"。故填decided。
（2）考查介词。句意：上周末，5名大学生决定通过一起在校外路边卖菜品味贸易格局和生活不易。根据前文说体验生活的不容易，所以是通过某种方式，用介词by。故填by。
（3）考查名词。句意：首先他们去城市附近的农场买不同种类的蔬菜。根据前文说去了农场，应是买不同种类的菜，所以是kind"种类"，由于是不同种类，所以是复数形式kinds。故填kinds。
（4）考查形容词。句意：然后，他们尽可能快地返回城市占据街边的摊位。考查短语as soon as possible"尽可能快"。故填possible。
（5）考查连词。句意：他们积极大声叫卖以吸引顾客。横线前的"loudly"和横线后的"actively"，是并列关系，所以是and"和"。故填and。
（6）考查副词。句意：两天后，他们挣得大约300元。根据"Two days（两天）"可知，表达的是两天后，所以是later"……之后"。故填later。
（7）考查代词。句意：经过这次不寻常的经历后，他们彼此分享了自己的感受。根据"share sth.with sb.（和某人分享某物）"可知，考查短语"each other"彼此"。故填other。
（8）考查冠词。句意：我们很累，但我们收获了很多。表示收获很多，所以是短语"a lot"。故填a。
（9）考查副词。句意：与闲逛相比，这样的社会实践让我们学到赚钱是多么难。根据"difficult it is（困难）"可知是表达的多么困难，中心词是形容词，应用how。故填how。
（10）考查动词。句意：想出这个主意的王文说道。横线上是定语从句，考查短语"come up with"想出。由于事情发生在过去，所以是一般过去时，用动词过去式came。故填came。
【点评】解答此题，需要通读全文，根据上下文，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
中考英语备考复习 短文填空（无提示词）
一．短文填空（共14小题）
1．阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
How often do you get angry？Twice a week or once a day？Last month，a group of students joined （1） a special activity.Their teacher，Ms.Cheng，asked them and their parents not to get angry for 21 days.
During the 21 days，those students and their parents had （2） record （记录） their moods （情绪） every day.Most students and their parents thought it （3） easy at first.
However，only one family kept their moods for 21 days.Through the activity，Ms.Cheng found that parents were more easily to get angry （4） their children. "Parents' moods can affect their children's.I hope parents will notice the importance （5） good environment at home and try to control their moods in front of their children"，she said.
2． The environmental problems are very serious these days.In order to make our country more beautiful，we students should do something （1） protect the environment.
I think we should turn off the lights to save electricity （2） we leave the room..And when.we brush our teeth，we'd better turn off the taps.Also，we should advise our parents to take the bus to work instead （3） driving and use reusable bags when shopping.In a word，I think，one thing we should keep in mind is that protecting the environment begins with small things.Small actions can make （4） difference and lead to a better future.
How important it （5） for us to protect the environment!Let's take action.
3． The guqin is one of the oldest stringed instruments.It has a history of about 3000 years.Xu Chaoran，a guqin player （1） is good at playing the modern songs with the guqin，is getting more and more popular.
When Xu was a little kid，she took a great interest in music.She learned different kinds of musical （2） ，such as the guitar and the piano.（3） the age of 9，she began to play the guzheng.In 2009，Xu went to study traditional Chinese music at the Wuhan Conservatory of Music.There，she also （4） a lot of time learning the guqin.
After graduating（毕业） from school，Xu continued playing it while giving guqin lessons at her teacher's studio.Later，Xu opened a studio herself.Now，Xu not only teaches students the guqin （5） also makes videos of her playing the guqin.Xu hopes young people can love guqin music and learn to play the instrument by watching her videos.She thinks it's also a nice way to spread our traditional culture.
4． Many people are afraid that robots may take the place of humans in some fields.A report said that AI could do a quarter of all the work that humans could do.In Europe and America，300 million people may lose jobs （1） of AI.
But it is not all bad news.Scientists have pointed out that there（2） still some jobs that AI can't do.People who get the following kinds of jobs take lower risks（风险） of losing jobs.
◆The first would be jobs that are really creative.You need to come up（3） new ideas and build something new.
◆The second would be （4） that are related to important interpersonal（人际的） relationships.These jobs need people to have a very deep understanding of other people.
◆The third would be jobs that require people to have wonderful skills in handwork，such as welders（焊工）.They are probably the least likely to be taken the place of.
In short，adapting to（适应） the changes of society is （5） good way to avoid losing jobs.
5． Xi'an guyue is a type of traditional music that is played in Xi'an，Shaanxi Province.It was included in the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） intangible heritage list in 2009.
Xi'an guyue started with Yan music（燕乐） in the Tang Dynasty and later was popular among the folks.This ancient art form has a history of about 1，400 years.It can （1） divided into two main styles— "sitting music" is played indoors and "walking music" is played in open fields.A music band usually has more than 10 musicians.Traditional instruments such as the pipa and daqin were used in ancient times，and later the sheng and drum were used （2） the main instruments.
As time went by，the folk cultural environment （3） the original（最初的） Xi'an guyue lived in is dying out.One of the reasons is that （4） takes at least 90 minutes to perform a full set of"sitting music"，so it is difficult for people to have the patience to listen.We need to take action to pass it down immediately.
Experts have worked（5） develop the art form by combining（融合） Datang music and dance with Xi'an guyue to attract young people.In the countryside，people still invite guyue bands to important events.
6．The return capsule（返回舱） of the Shenzhou﹣14 manned spaceship touched down at the Dongfeng landing site（着陆场） successfully on December 4，2022，with astronauts Chen Dong，Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe inside.
Getting astronauts back from space is more difficult（1） sending them into space，so it prevents many countries from joining the manned space mission（载人航天飞行任务） club.While returning from space，a spaceship must first separate（分离） from the space station，slow down as it enters the atmosphere（大气层），and then slow
（2） again when it gets ready to land.During the whole process，a capsule brings its speed down from 7.9 kilometers per second to（3） few hundred meters per second，and then to 7 meters per second，and at last to 1 meter per second.This is done（4） keep the astronauts safe inside the capsule.Since 2003，14 Chinese astronauts（5） gone to space and returned to Earth safely.
7． Language is part of our daily lives，no matter where we live in the world.Similarly，music is part of many people's lives，（1） it is played on the radio in your car or played in a concert.（2） of them play an important role in our culture and here are some of their similarities（相似性）.
They have a writing system.
In English，we record language using a collection of letters，Similarly，we use notes（音符） to keep a record of music.Just as writers put ideas into words，musicians write notes and create meaning in it.So by writing pieces of text or music，we are able to（3） experiences with others across time and space.At the same time，we can read the thoughts or（4） the inner（内在的） voice of someone who lived hundreds of years ago.
They vary（变化） with culture.
You can know where someone is from by listening to the language they use.In the（5） way，we know that the styles of music are different around the world，letting us know more about different cultures.This also means there is always something for everyone.Even if you don't like African American Jazz，you may love the energy of Latin American music.
They express feelings.
How do you know that I am angry？Of course，you may be able to see it on my face，but you will also know it（6） my words.Similarly，music can sound angry，sad or happy.So it can not only show you exactly（7） the musician was feeling，but also allow you to feel that feeling.When you feel happy，you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.In contrast（相反），you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down.I think we have all used music as well as the（8） in the song to express our feelings.
8．The first time I was in a school play，I believed that I would make mistakes and people would laugh at me.I felt really（1）n .In the weeks before the opening night，I spent a lot of time going over my lines，being afraid of missing any word.I had a great time preparing for the（2） at school，but when I got home，the nervous feeling came back again.
I didn't think anyone would notice what was going on，but actually my older brother Jeremy did.I have to say that he can be pretty smart sometimes（3） he usually makes me angry.
I planned to keep it to myself，but Jeremy finally made me tell him what（4） .I told Jeremy the whole story about the play and my worries.He said，"I just read a really good book.I think you should read it.It's（5） the first African American pilot Bessie in the country.When she was young，African Americans were not allowed to fly a plane.She fought for it，trained hard and later（6）a her dream."
I was interested in it，so I took the book and read it right then.Jeremy was right.It was really a good book!
After reading the story，I was encouraged!I knew that if Bessie could make her dream come true，why should I keep worrying about failing in a school play？The opening night（7） came.When I thought of Bessie flying bravely in the sky，my（8） grew.I gave a wonderful performance and I got a lot of congratulations.As Jeremy rushed to hug me，I said"Thank you"to him.While in my mind I secretly thanked her as well.I believe you know who it was.
9． You know you really want to get good grades.At the same time，your parents have put the pressure on you，or you promised yourself you would do（1） than before.But you keep getting distracted（分心的） and can't focus on study!Here are some tips that help you be focused!
Don't pay attention （2） the specific distractions（使人分心的事） .For example，you're trying to study in the library and you keep getting distracted by someone texting.Take down this distraction，then tell yourself you are going to overcome （3） .Keep doing this every time the distraction comes up，and eventually you will no longer not ice it.
Give yourself a break from worry.Life can be really busy，（4） it's OK if you think of other things while studying.You can （5） 5 minutes thinking about everything that's on your plate，but then tell yourself it's time to focus on the main task for now：studying.
Set a main （6） .When you are about to take an exam，it's easy to think you need to study everything.Break things down and finish small goals one by one.This can （7） things easier and you can be less distracted.
Go offline.Social media and online games are the biggest challenges of keeping focused.Try keeping your phone in another room while you're studying.Also，you can turn off your phone or keep it（8） .
10．"We all have suffered from air pollution.If we don't call for an end to firecrackers，the environment will get worse and worse in the（1） （未来），"said Zhang Wei.He put up a notice in his neighborhood.In the notice，he called on more people to set off fewer firecrackers（2） this year's Spring Festival.
Lots of parents agreed with Zhang Wei.They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers.The noise often woke up their babies （3）e .And the babies really needed a peaceful place to get（4） （足够的） sleep.
More and more Chinese people are looking forward to celebrating the holiday in greener ways.Many people decide not to set off firecrackers and they decide not to（5） food.They think that the new ways are fashionable."My family didn't buy firecrakers this year.I（6） ，we gave the money away to a charity.It's good for the environment and the charity，"the Internet user"Fighter" （7） （写） on the blog.
In my opinion，it's very important for us to celebrate our traditional festival—the Spring Festival.But it's more important to（8） （减少） air pollution and protect our environment.We had better express our cheerful feelings and best wishes in （9） （更环保的） ways.We need more people like Zhang Wei or"Fighter"who uses electronic ways like QQ，WeChat or Blog to spread the ideas of environmental protection.I （10） （相信） more and more people will join them and our environment will get better and better.
11．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在空白处填入恰当的词，并用其正确形式使短文完整、通顺、正确。
Long long ago，a group of people lived together on an island.They were Love，Vanity（虚荣），Sadness and so on.One day，（1） island would sink（沉没）.All the people got on their boats except （2） ，so she decided to ask others for help.
Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat."Vanity， （3） you mind taking me with you ？"Love asked."I can't help you."Vanity answered."Look，your clothes get all （4） .I do want to keep my boat dry.If you come，you must mess it."
Love then turned to Sadness and said."Sadness，please let me get on your boat!""Sorry.I am sad， （5） I need to be alone."Sadness replied.When Love saw Happiness pass by，Love （6） tried to ask her for help.But she was so happy that she didn't even stop to listen to what Love was saying.
Suddenly，Love（7） an old man's voice saying，"Come on，Love.I'll take you away." The old man used his boat to take Love to a safe place.Love thanked him and said，"May I have your name，please？And（8） were you willing to help me？""My name is Time，"the old man replied."I understood how valuable you were—You made the world full （9） peace and pleasure.In my mind，everyone should help you without thinking （10） ."Hearing the old man's words，Love was deeply moved.
12．A：Sarah，how's your study going？I'm having a hard time（1） all these formulas（公式） for the exam.
B：I know the feeling，John.But repeating them（2） can really help.
A：Really？I always read them silently.
B：Yes.And remember to（3） them from time to time.Hermann Ebbinghaus，a scientist studying the mind，said people usually forget most of what they have learned within 24 hours.So that will surely increase your（4） to retain（留存） them.
A：I' ll have a try.I' ve been trying to be more focused in class，but there's just so much information to take in.I（5） you a lot because you always have it all figured out（弄明白）.
B：Thanks，John.It's just practice，really.I find breaking down the text into smaller chunks（组块） and （6） my own study guides help me organize my knowledge better.
A：I see.It's all about active learning.Can you share some more（7） to learning.
B：Yes.I also（8） you.Join a study group.By studying together with others，you can always have many new ideas to learn more（9） and better.
A：That sounds like a fantastic idea.I'm all for it.（10） joins will benefit（受益） from the shared knowledge and support.
13．请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯，每空一词。
A team of scientists are carrying out a project at the University of Greenwich in London. （1） are trying to find ways to make food on Mars （火星） in the future.The project （2） called Feeding Mars.It tries to use water，fish （3） fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars.
It would take （4） least 21 months to reach Mars，learn about its surface and return to Earth.So （5） would be a big help if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself.
Farming on Mars，however，will be very hard.There's plenty of water that could be taken from ice just below the surface， （6） the land on Mars is missing the nutrients （养分） that living things need.The team say that they could solve the problem （7） growing plants and fish together.Fish waste can then be used to provide nutrients （8） plants.
"It is expected that you can grow lots of food，such （9） vegetables，tea and medicinal plants （10） Mars，" said Dr.Benz Kotzen，who leads the project. "You can even harvest （捕获） fish for food then."
14．Road﹣side business has become a hot topic recently as it reflects common people's life lively.
Last weekend，5 college students （1） to taste the trade pattern and difficulties of life outside school （2） selling vegetables on the side of the road together.
In the morning，they had to get up at 3 o'clock.First，they went to the farm near the city to buy different （3） of vegetables.To lower the cost，they learn to bargain （讲价） with the farmers.Then they went back to the city as soon as （4） to take up a street stall （摊位）.At about 6：30 a.m.after putting vegetables in order and nicer ones on top，they began to sell vegetables.They peddled （吆喝） loudly （5） actively to attract customers.When the vegetables were not sold out，they gave them to homeless people for free.Two days （6） ，they earned （挣得） about 300 yuan.
After this unusual experience，they shared their feelings with each （7） . "We were tired，but we gained （8） pared with hanging out，such social practice makes us learn （9） difficult it is to make money." said Wang Wen，who （10） up with this idea.
中考英语备考复习 短文填空（无提示词）
参考答案与试题解析
一．短文填空（共14小题）
1．阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
How often do you get angry？Twice a week or once a day？Last month，a group of students joined （1） in a special activity.Their teacher，Ms.Cheng，asked them and their parents not to get angry for 21 days.
During the 21 days，those students and their parents had （2） to record （记录） their moods （情绪） every day.Most students and their parents thought it （3） was easy at first.
However，only one family kept their moods for 21 days.Through the activity，Ms.Cheng found that parents were more easily to get angry （4） than their children. "Parents' moods can affect their children's.I hope parents will notice the importance （5） of good environment at home and try to control their moods in front of their children"，she said.
【答案】（1）in （2）to （3）was （4）than （5）of
【分析】本文讲述了一组学生和他们的父母参与了一个不生气21天的活动。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：上个月，一组学生参加了一个特别的活动。此处是固定短语join in，表示"参加"，故填in。
（2）考查介词。句意：在21天里，那些学生和他们的父母每天都必须要记录他们的情绪。根据题干可知，此处是短语have to do"必须做"。故填to。
（3）考查动词。句意：大多数学生和他们的父母一开始认为这很容易。thought后是宾语从句，空处缺少be动词。句子是一般过去时，主语是it，be动词用was。故填was。
（4）考查介词。句意：发现父母比他们的孩子更容易生气。根据句意可知，这里是比较关系，应用than。故填than。
（5）考查介词。句意：我希望父母能够注意到良好家庭环境的重要性。the importance of"……的重要性"，故填of。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
2． The environmental problems are very serious these days.In order to make our country more beautiful，we students should do something （1） to protect the environment.
I think we should turn off the lights to save electricity （2） when we leave the room..And when.we brush our teeth，we'd better turn off the taps.Also，we should advise our parents to take the bus to work instead （3） of driving and use reusable bags when shopping.In a word，I think，one thing we should keep in mind is that protecting the environment begins with small things.Small actions can make （4） a difference and lead to a better future.
How important it （5） is for us to protect the environment!Let's take action.
【答案】（1）to（2）when（3）of（4）a（5）is
【分析】本文主要讲述了当前环境问题的严重性，并强调了学生在保护环境中应承担的责任。文章提出了一些具体的环保措施，如关灯节电、刷牙时关闭水龙头、建议父母乘坐公交和购物使用可重复使用的袋子等。最后，作者呼吁大家从小事做起，共同保护环境，以创造更美好的未来。
【解答】（1）考查不定式。句意：为了使我们的国家更加美丽，我们学生应该做些事情来保护环境。不定式表目的，故填to。
（2）考查连词。句意：我认为我们离开房间时应该关灯以省电。when当......时候，这里指当我们离开房间时，故填when。
（3）考查介词。句意：还有，我们应该建议父母坐公交车去上班，而不是开车，购物时使用环保袋。固定搭配instead of代替，故填of。
（4）考查冠词。句意：小小的行动可以带来改变，带来更美好的未来。固定搭配make a difference引起变化，故填a。
（5）考查系动词。句意：保护环境对我们来说是多么重要啊！感叹句it做主语要用is，故填is。
【点评】根据所给信息填空，考生注意先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
3． The guqin is one of the oldest stringed instruments.It has a history of about 3000 years.Xu Chaoran，a guqin player （1） who is good at playing the modern songs with the guqin，is getting more and more popular.
When Xu was a little kid，she took a great interest in music.She learned different kinds of musical （2） instruments ，such as the guitar and the piano.（3） At the age of 9，she began to play the guzheng.In 2009，Xu went to study traditional Chinese music at the Wuhan Conservatory of Music.There，she also （4） spent a lot of time learning the guqin.
After graduating（毕业） from school，Xu continued playing it while giving guqin lessons at her teacher's studio.Later，Xu opened a studio herself.Now，Xu not only teaches students the guqin （5） but also makes videos of her playing the guqin.Xu hopes young people can love guqin music and learn to play the instrument by watching her videos.She thinks it's also a nice way to spread our traditional culture.
【答案】（1）who
（2）instruments
（3）At
（4）spent
（5）but
【分析】文章主要介绍了古琴演奏家徐朝然，她擅长用古琴演奏现代歌曲，并越来越受欢迎。徐朝然从小就对音乐感兴趣，学习过吉他和钢琴等乐器，9岁时开始学习古筝，2009年进入武汉音乐学院学习中国传统音乐，并花了大量时间学习古琴。毕业后，她继续演奏古琴并在老师的工作室内教授古琴课程，后来开设了自己的工作室。现在，她不仅教授学生古琴，还制作自己演奏古琴的视频，希望年轻人能够热爱古琴音乐并通过观看她的视频学习演奏，认为这是传播传统文化的一种好方式。
【解答】（1）考查关系词。句意：徐朝然，一位擅长用古琴演奏现代歌曲的古琴演奏者，正变得越来越受欢迎。此处考查定语从句关系代词，先行词是 "a guqin player（一位古琴演奏者）"，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词 who 引导定语从句。故填who。
（2）考查名词。句意：她学习了不同种类的乐器，比如吉他和钢琴。根据后文 "such as the guitar and the piano（例如吉他和钢琴）" 可知这里说的是不同种类的乐器，"instrument" 是可数名词，前面有 "different kinds of（不同种类的）" 修饰，要用复数形式 instruments。故填instruments。
（3）考查介词。句意：在 9 岁时，她开始弹奏古筝。"at the age of..." 是固定短语，意为 "在……岁时"，句首单词首字母要大写，故填At。
（4）考查动词。句意：在那里，她也花费了大量时间学习古琴。此处考查固定搭配 "spend time （in） doing sth（花费时间做某事）"，这里描述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，spend 的过去式是 spent。故填spent。
（5）考查连词。句意：现在，徐朝然不但教学生弹奏古琴，而且还录制自己弹奏古琴的视频。"not only...but also..." 是固定短语，意为 "不但……而且……"，符合语境，故填but。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义，根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
4． Many people are afraid that robots may take the place of humans in some fields.A report said that AI could do a quarter of all the work that humans could do.In Europe and America，300 million people may lose jobs （1） because of AI.
But it is not all bad news.Scientists have pointed out that there（2） are still some jobs that AI can't do.People who get the following kinds of jobs take lower risks（风险） of losing jobs.
◆The first would be jobs that are really creative.You need to come up（3） with new ideas and build something new.
◆The second would be （4） jobs that are related to important interpersonal（人际的） relationships.These jobs need people to have a very deep understanding of other people.
◆The third would be jobs that require people to have wonderful skills in handwork，such as welders（焊工）.They are probably the least likely to be taken the place of.
In short，adapting to（适应） the changes of society is （5） a good way to avoid losing jobs.
【答案】（1）because （2）are （3）with （4）jobs （5）a
【分析】短文主要讨论了人工智能可能取代人类在某些领域的工作，并指出在欧洲和美洲，3000万人可能会因为人工智能而失去工作。然而，科学家指出仍有许多工作是人工智能无法胜任的，如创造性工作、需要深厚人际关系的工作以及需要精湛手工技能的工作。最后，文章强调适应社会变化是避免失业的好方法。
【解答】（1）考查短语。句意：在欧洲和美国，有3亿人可能会因为人工智能而失去工作。because of：由于。故填because。
（2）考查动词。句意：科学家指出，仍有一些工作是人工智能无法完成的。句子为there be结构一般现在时，some jobs （一些工作）为复数名词，故填are。
（3）考查介词。句意：你需要想出新的想法，创造新的东西。come up with（想出），故填：with。
（4）考查名词。句意：第二种是与重要的人际关系相关的工作。该句是定语从句，从句中的谓语动词是are ，先行从应该是个复数名词，job：工作。故填jobs。
（5）考查冠词。句意：总之，适应社会的变化是避免失业的好方法。根据way表泛指，且空后good一辅音音素开头，故填a。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。
5． Xi'an guyue is a type of traditional music that is played in Xi'an，Shaanxi Province.It was included in the UNESCO（联合国教科文组织） intangible heritage list in 2009.
Xi'an guyue started with Yan music（燕乐） in the Tang Dynasty and later was popular among the folks.This ancient art form has a history of about 1，400 years.It can （1） be divided into two main styles— "sitting music" is played indoors and "walking music" is played in open fields.A music band usually has more than 10 musicians.Traditional instruments such as the pipa and daqin were used in ancient times，and later the sheng and drum were used （2） as the main instruments.
As time went by，the folk cultural environment （3） that the original（最初的） Xi'an guyue lived in is dying out.One of the reasons is that （4） it takes at least 90 minutes to perform a full set of"sitting music"，so it is difficult for people to have the patience to listen.We need to take action to pass it down immediately.
Experts have worked（5） to develop the art form by combining（融合） Datang music and dance with Xi'an guyue to attract young people.In the countryside，people still invite guyue bands to important events.
【答案】（1）be（2）as（3）that （4）it（5）to
【分析】西安鼓乐是一种源自陕西省西安市的传统音乐形式，2009年被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。它起源于唐代的燕乐，后在民间广泛流传，拥有约1400年的历史。西安鼓乐主要分为"坐乐"和"行乐"两种风格，乐队通常由超过10名音乐家组成，使用琵琶、大琴等传统乐器演奏。然而，随着时间的推移，原有的民俗文化环境逐渐消失，加之演出时间较长，导致人们难以耐心聆听。专家正通过结合大唐音乐舞蹈与西安鼓乐来吸引年轻人，同时在乡村地区，人们仍会在重要活动中邀请鼓乐乐队表演。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：它可以被分为两种主要风格——室内演奏的"坐乐"和室外演奏的"行乐"。情态动词can后面需用动词原形。be divided into被分成，固定短语。故填be。
（2）考查介词。句意：古代使用琵琶和大琴等传统乐器，后来笙和鼓成为主要乐器。be used as作为......被使用，故填as。
（3）考查关系代词。句意：然而，随着时间的推移，西安鼓乐原有的民俗文化环境逐渐消失。先行词是environment（环境），指物，在定语从句中作介词in的宾语，关系代词用that。故填that。
（4）考查人称代词。句意：原因之一是演奏全套"坐乐"至少需要90分钟，人们很难有耐心去听。it takes time to do sth.做某事花费多长时间，固定句型。故填it。
（5）考查不定式。句意：专家正通过结合大唐音乐舞蹈与西安鼓乐来吸引年轻人。此处用不定式表示目的。故填to。
【点评】先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
6．The return capsule（返回舱） of the Shenzhou﹣14 manned spaceship touched down at the Dongfeng landing site（着陆场） successfully on December 4，2022，with astronauts Chen Dong，Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe inside.
Getting astronauts back from space is more difficult（1） than sending them into space，so it prevents many countries from joining the manned space mission（载人航天飞行任务） club.While returning from space，a spaceship must first separate（分离） from the space station，slow down as it enters the atmosphere（大气层），and then slow
（2） down again when it gets ready to land.During the whole process，a capsule brings its speed down from 7.9 kilometers per second to（3） a few hundred meters per second，and then to 7 meters per second，and at last to 1 meter per second.This is done（4） to keep the astronauts safe inside the capsule.Since 2003，14 Chinese astronauts（5） have gone to space and returned to Earth safely.
【答案】（1）than （2）down （3）a （4）to （5）have
【分析】本文主要介绍了神州14号返回地球的过程。
【解答】 （1）考查连词。句意：把宇航员从太空接回来比把他们送进太空更加困难，因此阻碍了许多国家加入载人航天飞行任务组织。根据"more difficult"可知，此处表比较级，空格后为比较的对象，故填than。
（2）考查副词。句意：从太空返回时，飞船必须首先与空间站分离，进入大气层时减速，然后当它准备着陆的时候再减速。根据"slow down as it enters the atmosphere"（进入大气层时减速）和again可知此处表示再次减速，slow down"减速"，故填down。
（3）考查冠词。句意：在整个过程中，太空舱将速度从每秒7.9公里降至每秒几百米，然后降至每秒7米，最后降至每秒1米每秒。a few hundred meters（几百米）故填a。
（4）考查动词不定式。句意：这样做是为了保证宇航员在太空舱内的安全。根据"keep the astronauts safe inside the capsule"（保证太空舱内宇航员的安全）可知，空格后表目的，空处缺少介词to，构成动词不定式，故填to。
（5）考查助动词。句意：自2003年以来，14名中国宇航员去过太空并安全返回地球。分析句子，句子时态为现在完成时，空处缺少助动词have/has，主语14 Chinese astronauts（14名中国宇航员）为复数，故填have。
【点评】首先要通读短文，掌握大意，特别要注意上下文之间的联系，确定某处的需要的词汇和形式，就可以确定正确答案。
7． Language is part of our daily lives，no matter where we live in the world.Similarly，music is part of many people's lives，（1） whether it is played on the radio in your car or played in a concert.（2） Both of them play an important role in our culture and here are some of their similarities（相似性）.
They have a writing system.
In English，we record language using a collection of letters，Similarly，we use notes（音符） to keep a record of music.Just as writers put ideas into words，musicians write notes and create meaning in it.So by writing pieces of text or music，we are able to（3） share experiences with others across time and space.At the same time，we can read the thoughts or（4） hear the inner（内在的） voice of someone who lived hundreds of years ago.
They vary（变化） with culture.
You can know where someone is from by listening to the language they use.In the（5） same way，we know that the styles of music are different around the world，letting us know more about different cultures.This also means there is always something for everyone.Even if you don't like African American Jazz，you may love the energy of Latin American music.
They express feelings.
How do you know that I am angry？Of course，you may be able to see it on my face，but you will also know it（6） through my words.Similarly，music can sound angry，sad or happy.So it can not only show you exactly（7） how the musician was feeling，but also allow you to feel that feeling.When you feel happy，you might want to sing and dance to a happy song to celebrate your happiness.In contrast（相反），you probably also listen to sad music when you are feeling down.I think we have all used music as well as the（8） language in the song to express our feelings.
【答案】（1）whether（2）Both（3）share（4）hear（5）same（6）through（7）how（8）language
【分析】语言和音乐都是我们日常生活中不可或缺的部分，它们在文化中扮演着重要角色。语言通过文字记录，音乐则通过音符记录，两者都能跨越时间和空间与人分享经验。通过听一个人的语言或音乐风格，我们可以了解他们的文化背景。此外，语言和音乐都能表达情感，让我们感受到说话者或音乐家的情绪。
【解答】（1）考查连词。句意：同样，音乐是许多人生活的一部分，无论是在车里的收音机上播放还是在音乐会上播放。whether...or（无论......或者），故填：whether。
（2）考查代词。句意：两者在我们的文化中都发挥着重要作用，以下是它们的一些相似之处。根据whether it is played on the radio in your car or played in a concert.（无论是在车里的收音机上播放还是在音乐会上播放。）可知空处表示：两者都，句子首字母大写，故填：Both。
（3）考查动词。句意：因此，通过撰写文本或音乐，我们能够跨越时间和空间与他人分享经验。根据So by writing pieces of text or music，（因此，通过撰写文本或音乐，）可知空处应填：分享，to后跟动词原形，故填：share。
（4）考查动词。句意：同时，我们可以读到生活在几百年前的人的思想或听到他内心的声音。根据the inner（内在的） voice （内心的声音），可知空处应填：听到，故填：hear。
（5）考查形容词。句意：同样的，我们知道世界各地的音乐风格不同，让我们更多地了解不同的文化。in the same way（同样），故填：same。
（6）考查介词。句意：当然，你也许能从我的脸上看出来，但你也会通过我的话知道。根据my words.（我的话）可知空处应填：通过，故填：through。
（7）考查副词。句意：因此，它不仅可以准确地向你展示音乐家的感受，还可以让你感受到那种感觉。根据the musician was feeling，（音乐家的感受）可知空处应填：如何，故填：how。
（8）考查名词。句意：我想我们都用音乐和歌曲中的语言来表达我们的感受。根据in the song （歌曲中），可知空处应填：语言，故填：language。
【点评】解答此类题，关键在于理解，即理解句子的逻辑关系，选择合适的词语。
8．The first time I was in a school play，I believed that I would make mistakes and people would laugh at me.I felt really（1）n ervous .In the weeks before the opening night，I spent a lot of time going over my lines，being afraid of missing any word.I had a great time preparing for the（2） play at school，but when I got home，the nervous feeling came back again.
I didn't think anyone would notice what was going on，but actually my older brother Jeremy did.I have to say that he can be pretty smart sometimes（3） although he usually makes me angry.
I planned to keep it to myself，but Jeremy finally made me tell him what（4） happened .I told Jeremy the whole story about the play and my worries.He said，"I just read a really good book.I think you should read it.It's（5） about the first African American pilot Bessie in the country.When she was young，African Americans were not allowed to fly a plane.She fought for it，trained hard and later（6）a chieved her dream."
I was interested in it，so I took the book and read it right then.Jeremy was right.It was really a good book!
After reading the story，I was encouraged!I knew that if Bessie could make her dream come true，why should I keep worrying about failing in a school play？The opening night（7） finally came.When I thought of Bessie flying bravely in the sky，my（8） courage grew.I gave a wonderful performance and I got a lot of congratulations.As Jeremy rushed to hug me，I said"Thank you"to him.While in my mind I secretly thanked her as well.I believe you know who it was.
【答案】（1）nervous （2）play （3）although （4）happened （5）about （6）achieved （7）finally （8）courage
【分析】这篇短文讲述了作者在学校戏剧表演前感到紧张和害怕犯错，但在哥哥Jeremy的鼓励下，阅读了一本关于第一位非裔美国女飞行员Bessie的书籍后获得了勇气。这本书的故事激励了作者，使他在开幕之夜勇敢地表演，并取得了成功。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：我感到非常紧张。根据下文the nervous feeling came back again（紧张的感觉又回来了），可知我感到非常紧张。故填nervous。
（2）考查名词。句意：我在学校花了大量时间为戏剧表演做准备，但当我回到家时，紧张的感觉又回来了。根据The first time I was in a school play（我第一次在学校表演戏剧时），可知此处是指为戏剧表演做准备，空格处用play表示"戏剧"。故填play。
（3）考查连词。句意：我不得不说，他有时可能很聪明，虽然他常常惹我生气。根据I have to say that he can be pretty smart sometimes...he usually makes me angry.（我不得不说他有时可能非常聪明......他常常惹我生气。）可知，两句之间存在让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故填although。
（4）考查动词。句意：我本打算保密的，但Jeremy最终让我告诉他发生了什么。根据Jeremy finally made me tell him what...（Jeremy最终让我告诉他.......什么）可知，Jeremy让我告诉他发生了什么，happen发生，时态应为一般过去时。故填happened。
（5）考查介词。句意：这是关于美国第一位非裔美籍飞行员Bessie的。根据句意可知，此处是指这本书的内容，应用about表示"关于"。故填about。
（6）考查动词。句意：她为此奋斗，努力训练并实现了梦想。根据...her dream（......她的梦想）和首字母a推断，此处是指实现梦想，achieve表示"实现"，时态为一般过去时。故填achieved。
（7）考查副词。句意：开幕之夜最终来临。根据The opening night...came.（开幕之夜......来临。）可知，此处用finally表示"最终"。故填finally。
（8）考查名词。句意：当我想到贝西在天空中勇敢地飞翔时，我的勇气增强。根据I thought of Bessie flying bravely in the sky（我想到贝西在天空中勇敢地飞翔），可知我的勇气增强，courage勇气，不可数名词。故填courage。
【点评】语法填空题要根据上下文语境，运用语法和词汇知识，反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项，在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
9． You know you really want to get good grades.At the same time，your parents have put the pressure on you，or you promised yourself you would do（1） better than before.But you keep getting distracted（分心的） and can't focus on study!Here are some tips that help you be focused!
Don't pay attention （2） to the specific distractions（使人分心的事） .For example，you're trying to study in the library and you keep getting distracted by someone texting.Take down this distraction，then tell yourself you are going to overcome （3） it .Keep doing this every time the distraction comes up，and eventually you will no longer not ice it.
Give yourself a break from worry.Life can be really busy，（4） so it's OK if you think of other things while studying.You can （5） spend 5 minutes thinking about everything that's on your plate，but then tell yourself it's time to focus on the main task for now：studying.
Set a main （6） goal .When you are about to take an exam，it's easy to think you need to study everything.Break things down and finish small goals one by one.This can （7） make things easier and you can be less distracted.
Go offline.Social media and online games are the biggest challenges of keeping focused.Try keeping your phone in another room while you're studying.Also，you can turn off your phone or keep it（8） silent .
【答案】（1）better（2）to（3）it（4）so（5）spend（6）goal（7）make（8）silent
【分析】短文主要介绍了一些帮助提高学习专注力的方法。首先，不要过分关注特定的干扰因素，而是应该告诉自己要克服它们。其次，适当给自己放松的时间，不必因为思考其他事情而感到焦虑。再次，设定一个主要的学习目标，通过完成小目标来逐步实现。最后，远离社交媒体和在线游戏，尝试在学习时将手机放在另一个房间或关闭。
【解答】（1）考查副词。句意：与此同时，你的父母给你施加了压力，或者你承诺自己会比以前做得更好。well好地，副词，修饰动词do，than前面要用比较级，故填better。
（2）考查不定式。句意：不要关注具体的干扰因素。固定搭配pay attention to关注，故填to。
（3）考查代词。句意：消除这种干扰，然后告诉自己你会克服它。it代表的是干扰，故填it。
（4）考查连词。句意：生活可能真的很忙，所以如果你在学习时想其他事情也没关系。so所以，表示结果，故填so。
（5）考查动词。句意：你可以花5分钟思考你盘子里的所有东西，然后告诉自己现在是时候专注于主要任务了：学习。spend doing sth花费时间和金钱做某事，can后面加动词原形，故填spend。
（6）考查名词。句意：设定一个主要目标。goal目标，a+名词单数，故填goal。
（7）考查动词。句意：这可以让事情变得更容易，你也可以更少分心。make使，can后面加动词原形，故填make。
（8）考查形容词。句意：此外，你可以关掉手机或保持静音。silent形容词，keep silent保持静音，故填silent。
【点评】根据所给信息填空，考生注意先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
10．"We all have suffered from air pollution.If we don't call for an end to firecrackers，the environment will get worse and worse in the（1） future （未来），"said Zhang Wei.He put up a notice in his neighborhood.In the notice，he called on more people to set off fewer firecrackers（2） during this year's Spring Festival.
Lots of parents agreed with Zhang Wei.They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers.The noise often woke up their babies （3）e asily .And the babies really needed a peaceful place to get（4） enough （足够的） sleep.
More and more Chinese people are looking forward to celebrating the holiday in greener ways.Many people decide not to set off firecrackers and they decide not to（5） waste food.They think that the new ways are fashionable."My family didn't buy firecrakers this year.I（6） nstead ，we gave the money away to a charity.It's good for the environment and the charity，"the Internet user"Fighter" （7） wrote （写） on the blog.
In my opinion，it's very important for us to celebrate our traditional festival—the Spring Festival.But it's more important to（8） reduce （减少） air pollution and protect our environment.We had better express our cheerful feelings and best wishes in （9） greener （更环保的） ways.We need more people like Zhang Wei or"Fighter"who uses electronic ways like QQ，WeChat or Blog to spread the ideas of environmental protection.I （10） believe （相信） more and more people will join them and our environment will get better and better.
【答案】（1）future（2）during（3）easily（4）enough（5）waste（6）Instead（7）wrote（8）reduce（9）greener（10）believe
【分析】本文从环保的角度讲述一个叫张伟的人，呼吁"停止放鞭炮"来保护环境，作者也提倡我们应以更环保的方式庆祝节日。
【解答】（1）考查短语。句意：如果我们不呼吁停止放鞭炮，未来的环境会越来越糟。根据中文提示，可知名词future"未来"符合题意，in the future"未来"，固定短语。故填future。
（2）考查连词。句意：在通知中，他呼吁更多的人在今年春节期间少放鞭炮。根据空后"this year's Spring Festival"（今年春节），表示"一段时间"，可知during"在……期间"，符合句意。故填during。
（3）考查副词。句意：吵闹声常常很容易把他们的孩子吵醒。根据上文"They said that they hated the noise of firecrackers."（他们说他们讨厌鞭炮声。）结合首字母提示，可知此句是说明讨厌的原因，即"很容易把他们的孩子吵醒"，副词修饰动词，easily意为"容易地"，符合句意。故填easily。
（4）考查形容词。句意：宝宝们真的需要一个安静的地方来获得足够的睡眠。根据括号内中文提示，可知形容词enough"足够的"，符合句意。故填enough。
（5）考查动词。句意：许多人决定不放鞭炮，他们决定不浪费食物。根据空后"food"，结合首字母提示，可知动词waste"浪费"，符合句意，decide （not） to do"决定（不）做某事"。故填waste。
（6）考查副词。句意：相反，我们把钱捐给了慈善机构。根据"didn't buy firecrackers"（没有买鞭炮）和"gave the money away to a charity"（把钱捐给了慈善机构）的逻辑关系，结合首字母提示，可知空处应填Instead，表示"相反"。故填Instead。
（7）考查动词。句意：这对环境和慈善事业都有好处，网友"斗士"在博客上写道。根据上文"My family didn't buy…we gave…"（我们家今年没有买鞭炮。）可知空处应填过去式，表示"已经发生的动作"，动词write"写"的过去式是wrote。故填wrote。
（8）考查动词。句意：但更重要的是减少空气污染和保护我们的环境。根据空前"it's more important to…"（但更重要的是减少空气污染）可知空处应填动词原形，结合中文提示，动词reduce"减少"，符合句意。故填reduce。
（9）考查形容词。句意：我们最好用更环保的方式来表达我们愉快的心情和最美好的祝愿。根据中文提示，可知空处应填形容词比较级，结合上文中"…to celebrating the holiday in greener ways"（以更环保的方式庆祝节日）可知greener"更环保的"，符合句意。故填greener。
（10）考查动词。句意：我相信越来越多的人会加入他们，我们的环境会变得越来越好。根据上文所述，可知此句时态应用一般现在时，主语是I，谓语动词用动词原形，结合中文提示，动词believe"相信"，符合句意。故填believe。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，紧密结合上下文判断句意，根据句意及首字母判断空格处词义，根据相关知识点写出词语的正确形式，完成后再次阅读查看语意是否正确。
11．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在空白处填入恰当的词，并用其正确形式使短文完整、通顺、正确。
Long long ago，a group of people lived together on an island.They were Love，Vanity（虚荣），Sadness and so on.One day，（1） the island would sink（沉没）.All the people got on their boats except （2） Love ，so she decided to ask others for help.
Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat."Vanity， （3） would you mind taking me with you ？"Love asked."I can't help you."Vanity answered."Look，your clothes get all （4） wet .I do want to keep my boat dry.If you come，you must mess it."
Love then turned to Sadness and said."Sadness，please let me get on your boat!""Sorry.I am sad， （5） and I need to be alone."Sadness replied.When Love saw Happiness pass by，Love （6） also tried to ask her for help.But she was so happy that she didn't even stop to listen to what Love was saying.
Suddenly，Love（7） heard an old man's voice saying，"Come on，Love.I'll take you away." The old man used his boat to take Love to a safe place.Love thanked him and said，"May I have your name，please？And（8） why were you willing to help me？""My name is Time，"the old man replied."I understood how valuable you were—You made the world full （9） of peace and pleasure.In my mind，everyone should help you without thinking （10） twice ."Hearing the old man's words，Love was deeply moved.
【答案】（1）the（2）Love（3）would（4）wet（5）and（6）also（7）heard（8）why（9）of（10）twice
【分析】本文主要介绍了爱向虚荣和悲伤寻求帮助时被拒绝，最后是时间老人救了它的故事。这个故事告诉人们，我们需要时间去懂得爱的价值。
【解答】（1）考查冠词。句意：一天，岛要沉了。上文已经提到了这个小岛，所以这个位置需要填写定冠词the。故填the。
（2）考查名词。句意：除了爱之外的所有人都乘船离开了，于是爱决定向其他人求助。根据下文Love saw that Vanity had a beautiful boat.可知只有Love没有离开。故填Love。
（3）考查情态动词。句意："虚荣，你介意带我一起走吗？"根据情境，可知此句为委婉的请求帮助，would you mind doing sth.为固定搭配，意为介意做某事吗？故填would。
（4）考查形容词。句意：看，你的衣服都湿透了，我想让我的船保持干燥。根据dry推测为反义词湿的，wet表示"湿的"。故填wet。
（5）考查连词。句意：对不起，我很悲伤，我需要独处。前后具有递进关系，and意为"并且"。故填and。
（6）考查副词。句意：当爱看见快乐经过时，爱也试图请求帮助，但快乐太高兴了，以至于没有停下来听爱说什么。上文爱已经想虚荣和悲伤寻求帮助，可见她也向快乐寻求帮助，also"也"位于句中。故填also。
（7）考查动词。句意：突然，爱听到一位老人的声音说："来吧，爱。我带你离开。"根据填空后的voice可知所缺单词为听，hear"听"，时态为一般过去时，hear的过去式为heard。故填heard。
（8）考查特殊疑问词。句意：爱感谢他并问："请问你的名字是什么？为什么你愿意帮助我？"why"为什么"。故填why。
（9）考查介词。句意：你让世界充满了和平与快乐。full of是固定搭配，意为"充满"。故填of。
（10）考查副词。句意：在我看来，每个人都应该毫不犹豫地帮助你。think twice是固定搭配，意为"慎重考虑"。故填twice。
【点评】首先要通读全文，掌握大意，根据上下文之间的联系，确定某处所需要的词汇以及相应形式，就可以确定正确答案。
12．A：Sarah，how's your study going？I'm having a hard time（1） remembering all these formulas（公式） for the exam.
B：I know the feeling，John.But repeating them（2） actually can really help.
A：Really？I always read them silently.
B：Yes.And remember to（3） review them from time to time.Hermann Ebbinghaus，a scientist studying the mind，said people usually forget most of what they have learned within 24 hours.So that will surely increase your（4） ability to retain（留存） them.
A：I' ll have a try.I' ve been trying to be more focused in class，but there's just so much information to take in.I（5） admire you a lot because you always have it all figured out（弄明白）.
B：Thanks，John.It's just practice，really.I find breaking down the text into smaller chunks（组块） and （6） creating my own study guides help me organize my knowledge better.
A：I see.It's all about active learning.Can you share some more（7） tips to learning.
B：Yes.I also（8） suggest you.Join a study group.By studying together with others，you can always have many new ideas to learn more（9） efficiently and better.
A：That sounds like a fantastic idea.I'm all for it.（10） Surely joins will benefit（受益） from the shared knowledge and support.
【答案】（1）remembering（2）actually（3）review（4）ability（5）admire（6）creating（7）tips（8）suggest（9）efficiently（10）Surely
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了John在准备考试时遇到了困难，而Sarah则分享了她的学习方法和建议。Sarah强调了重复记忆、定期复习的重要性，并提到了科学家Hermann Ebbinghaus关于遗忘曲线的研究。她还建议John尝试更专注地听课，并将学习内容分解成小块，制作自己的学习指南。此外，Sarah还鼓励John加入学习小组，以便与他人一起学习，从而获得更多新的想法和更好的学习效果。
【解答】（1）考查动名词。句意：我在记住所有这些考试用的公式方面遇到了困难。根据语境，前面说学习很艰难，这里应该是"记住这些考试用的公式"，have a hard time doing sth.，所以用remembering。故填：remembering。
（2）考查副词。句意：实际上，重复真的有帮助。John说一直默默地读，Sarah这里用actually来强调"实际上，重复真的有帮助"。故填：actually。
（3）考查动词。句意：记住要时不时的复习它们（公式）。从学习方法角度，前面说重复有帮助，这里进一步说要"时不时复习它们（公式）"。故填：review。
（4）考查名词。句意：所以复习会增加你重新记住它们的能力。因为提到人们会在24小时内忘记所学大部分内容，所以复习会增加你"重新记住它们的能力"。故填：ability。
（5）考查动词。句意：我羡慕你总是能把事情弄明白。根据语境，John羡慕Sarah总是能把事情弄明白，因为自己努力专注还是觉得信息太多。故填：admire。
（6）考查动名词。句意：我发现把文本分成小块并且创建自己的学习指南可以更好地帮助我组织知识。这里是说把文本分成小块并且"创建自己的学习指南"可以更好地组织知识，和前面的breaking down并列。故填：creating。
（7）考查名词。句意：你能分享更多学习的建议吗？John问能不能分享更多学习"建议、小贴士"，tips符合语境。故填：tips。
（8）考查动词。句意：我也建议你加入学习小组。Sarah回答说"Yes，I also..."，后面接着说让John加入学习小组，这是在给出建议，所以这里填suggest。故填：suggest。
（9）考查副词。句意：你会有许多新的想法去更有效率地学习，学的更好。和前面的more一起，表示"更有效率地"学习"，修饰learn。故填：efficiently。
（10）考查副词。句意：肯定会从共享的知识和支持中受益。John回应说那听起来是个很棒的主意，自己完全赞成，这里应该是说"肯定"会从共享的知识和支持中受益，surely起到加强语气的作用，表示肯定的预期，符合语境。故填：Surely。
【点评】根据所给信息填空，考生注意先通读全文，根据所给的信息，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
13．请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯，每空一词。
A team of scientists are carrying out a project at the University of Greenwich in London. （1） They are trying to find ways to make food on Mars （火星） in the future.The project （2） is called Feeding Mars.It tries to use water，fish （3） and fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars.
It would take （4） at least 21 months to reach Mars，learn about its surface and return to Earth.So （5） it would be a big help if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself.
Farming on Mars，however，will be very hard.There's plenty of water that could be taken from ice just below the surface， （6） but the land on Mars is missing the nutrients （养分） that living things need.The team say that they could solve the problem （7） by growing plants and fish together.Fish waste can then be used to provide nutrients （8） for plants.
"It is expected that you can grow lots of food，such （9） as vegetables，tea and medicinal plants （10） on Mars，" said Dr.Benz Kotzen，who leads the project. "You can even harvest （捕获） fish for food then."
【答案】（1）They （2）is （3）and （4）at （5）it （6）but （7）by （8）for （9）as （10）on
【分析】本文讲述了一个名叫"Feeding Mars"的项目，该项目研究如何在火星上制作食物；如果这个项目获得成功，人们就可以在火星上进行耕作生活。
【解答】（1）考查代词。句意：他们正在寻找未来在火星上制造食物的方法。该处指代上文的"A team of scientists"，且作主语，因此用人称代词主格they"他们"，句首首字母大写。故填They。
（2）考查动词。句意：这个项目被叫作"喂养火星"。结合横线后过去分词called，此处考查被动语态be called"被叫作"，时态为一般现在时，且主语是单数，所以be动词用is。故填is。
（3）考查连词。句意：它设法利用水、鱼和鱼的废弃物在火星上种植水果和蔬菜。横线处并列water、fish以及fish waste，因此填入并列连词and"和，并且"，故填and。
（4）考查介词。句意：抵达火星、了解它的表面然后返回地球将会花费至少21个月的时间。结合横线后的least以及时间段，考查短语at least"至少"，故填at。
（5）考查代词。句意：所以如果宇航员能在火星上种植新鲜的食物，那将是一个很大的帮助。横线处作形式主义，真正的主语是"if the spacemen could grow fresh food on Mars itself"这件事，因此用it作形式主语。故填it。
（6）考查连词。句意：火星地表下的冰层中有大量可获取的水，但火星的土地缺少生物所需的养分。横线前的句子说的是水源充足，横线后的句子说的是火星土壤养分缺失，所以横线前后是转折关系，横线处应填入转折连词but"但是"，故填but。
（7）考查介词。句意：该团队表示，他们可以通过将种植植物和养鱼结合起来解决这一问题。根据句意可知，横线后表示解决火星土壤养分缺失这一问题的方式，介词by表方式"通过"符合语境，且介词后跟动名词作宾语，故填by。
（8）考查介词。句意：然后鱼的废弃物可以用来为植物提供养分。考查短语provide sth.for sb."为某人提供某物"，故填for。
（9）考查短语。句意：预计你可以在火星上种植大量的食物，如蔬菜、茶和药用植物。根据句意可知，横线后是对火星上可栽种食物的举例，考查短语such as"例如"，故填as。
（10）考查介词。句意：预计你可以在火星上种植大量的食物，如蔬菜、茶和药用植物。根据句意可知，此处指在火星地表栽种食物，介词on"在……上面"符合语境，故填on。
【点评】根据短文大意和语境选择合适的单词，并用其正确的形式填入空白处，使补全后的短文意思通顺，语法正确，结构完整，注意单词的适当形式。
14．Road﹣side business has become a hot topic recently as it reflects common people's life lively.
Last weekend，5 college students （1） decided to taste the trade pattern and difficulties of life outside school （2） by selling vegetables on the side of the road together.
In the morning，they had to get up at 3 o'clock.First，they went to the farm near the city to buy different （3） kinds of vegetables.To lower the cost，they learn to bargain （讲价） with the farmers.Then they went back to the city as soon as （4） possible to take up a street stall （摊位）.At about 6：30 a.m.after putting vegetables in order and nicer ones on top，they began to sell vegetables.They peddled （吆喝） loudly （5） and actively to attract customers.When the vegetables were not sold out，they gave them to homeless people for free.Two days （6） later ，they earned （挣得） about 300 yuan.
After this unusual experience，they shared their feelings with each （7） other . "We were tired，but we gained （8） a pared with hanging out，such social practice makes us learn （9） how difficult it is to make money." said Wang Wen，who （10） came up with this idea.
【答案】（1）decided （2）by （3）kinds （4）possible （5）and （6）later （7）other （8）a （9）how （10）came
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了五名大学生为了体验校外生活和了解路边摊贩的经营模式，决定一起在路边卖菜。他们凌晨三点起床去农场采购蔬菜，学习讨价还价以降低成本，然后在城市里摆摊卖菜。经过两天的努力，他们共赚了约300元，并将未卖出的蔬菜免费送给了无家可归的人。通过这次经历，学生们分享了各自的感受，认为虽然辛苦但收获颇丰，深刻体会到赚钱的不易。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：上周末，5名大学生决定通过一起在校外路边卖菜品味贸易格局和生活不易。分析句子可知，横线上是谓语动词，后面的是他们要做的事，所以决定做某事，由于是过去的事，所以是动词过去式"decided"。故填decided。
（2）考查介词。句意：上周末，5名大学生决定通过一起在校外路边卖菜品味贸易格局和生活不易。根据前文说体验生活的不容易，所以是通过某种方式，用介词by。故填by。
（3）考查名词。句意：首先他们去城市附近的农场买不同种类的蔬菜。根据前文说去了农场，应是买不同种类的菜，所以是kind"种类"，由于是不同种类，所以是复数形式kinds。故填kinds。
（4）考查形容词。句意：然后，他们尽可能快地返回城市占据街边的摊位。考查短语as soon as possible"尽可能快"。故填possible。
（5）考查连词。句意：他们积极大声叫卖以吸引顾客。横线前的"loudly"和横线后的"actively"，是并列关系，所以是and"和"。故填and。
（6）考查副词。句意：两天后，他们挣得大约300元。根据"Two days（两天）"可知，表达的是两天后，所以是later"……之后"。故填later。
（7）考查代词。句意：经过这次不寻常的经历后，他们彼此分享了自己的感受。根据"share sth.with sb.（和某人分享某物）"可知，考查短语"each other"彼此"。故填other。
（8）考查冠词。句意：我们很累，但我们收获了很多。表示收获很多，所以是短语"a lot"。故填a。
（9）考查副词。句意：与闲逛相比，这样的社会实践让我们学到赚钱是多么难。根据"difficult it is（困难）"可知是表达的多么困难，中心词是形容词，应用how。故填how。
（10）考查动词。句意：想出这个主意的王文说道。横线上是定语从句，考查短语"come up with"想出。由于事情发生在过去，所以是一般过去时，用动词过去式came。故填came。
【点评】解答此题，需要通读全文，根据上下文，结合词组固定搭配和语境，填出适当的单词。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
同课章节目录
- 词法
- 名词
- 动词和动词短语
- 动词语态
- 动词时态
- 助动词和情态动词
- 非谓语动词
- 冠词
- 代词
- 数词和量词
- 形容词副词及其比较等级
- 介词和介词短语
- 连词和感叹词
- 构词法
- 相似、相近词比较
- 句法
- 陈述句
- 一般疑问句和否定疑问句
- 特殊疑问句及选择疑问句
- 反意疑问句
- 存在句(There be句型)
- 宾语从句
- 定语从句
- 状语从句
- 主谓一致问题
- 简单句
- 并列句
- 复合句
- 主谓一致
- 主、表语从句
- 名词性从句
- 直接引语和间接引语
- 虚拟语气
- 感叹句
- 强调句
- 倒装句
- 祈使句
- 句子的成分
- 句子的分类
- 题型专区
- 单项选择部分
- 易错题
- 完形填空
- 阅读理解
- 词汇练习
- 听说训练
- 句型转换
- 补全对话
- 短文改错
- 翻译
- 书面表达
- 任务型阅读
- 语法填空
- 其他资料