中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
限时训练7
Ⅰ.阅读理解
It wasn’t until after I graduated from college,and realized that there’s no such thing as all-encompassing (包罗万象的) knowledge,that I was able to read for pleasure. A sense of curiosity directed me and I started to see dictionaries as field guides to the life of language.Looking up words felt less like a failing than an admission that there are lots of things I don’t know and an opportunity to discover just how many.
I prize my 1954 copy of Webster’s New International Dictionary,Second Edition.I often consult it,during evening games of Scrabble or midday magazine reading.When I come across unfamiliar words while reading novels,I look them up.When I start encountering these words elsewhere,the linguistic (语言的) universe seems to shrink to the size of a small town.
Dictionaries heighten my senses:They direct my attention into a conversation with language.They make me wonder what other things I’m blind to because I haven’t taught myself to notice them yet.Recently spotted examples include “orrery”—a mechanical model,usually clockwork,devised to represent the motions of the moon and Earth (and sometimes also other planets) around the sun.The Oxford English Dictionary(OED)also tells me that the word comes from the fourth Earl of Orrery,for whom a copy of the first machine was made,around 1700.Useful Obviously not.Satisfying Deeply.
Web browsers answer questions with more questions,opening up pages you never asked for.But a dictionary builds on common knowledge,using simple words to explain complex ones.Using one feels as if I’m prying open an oyster (蚝) rather than falling down a rabbit hole.Why leave solvable mysteries up to guesswork
For me,dictionaries are a door into that kind of uncalculated knowledge-seeking.They remind me that following your curiosity instead of brushing it aside is one of the best ways I know to feel connected to more than what’s right in front of you.
1.What can we know about the author
A.He merely read for fun before graduation.
B.He longed to learn about all knowledge.
C.He considered dictionaries chances of enrichment.
D.He admitted being a failure when learning languages.
2.Why does the author mention the example of “orrery” in paragraph 3
A.To introduce a word.
B.To indicate a finding.
C.To clarify a concept.
D.To support a statement.
3.What does the underlined part in paragraph 4 refer to
A.Encountering new problems.
B.Entering a different world.
C.Acquiring essential common sense.
D.Simplifying tough questions.
4.According to the passage,which of the following can best describe dictionaries
A.Jaw-dropping. B.Eye-opening.
C.Mind-numbing. D.Labour-saving.
Language gives us the power to describe countless actions,properties and relations that compose our experiences,real or imagined. As for how languages were created,scientists found iconicity might play a key role.
People can’t bridge the language gap and understand each other without iconicity. When playing a game of charades (打哑谜猜字游戏), we act out our meaning,using our hands and bodies to describe the sizes and shapes of objects. The key to this process of forming new symbols is the use of iconicity. Not limited to gesturing,iconicity appears in our visual communication too. Traffic signs,food packaging,maps...wherever there are people communicating,you will find iconicity.
According to our research,iconicity might also exist in our voices. We organized a contest in which we invited contestants to record a set of sounds to express different meanings. The winner of the contest was determined by how well listeners could guess the intended meanings of the sounds based on a set of written options. Critically,the sounds that contestants submitted couldn’t include actual words or onomatopoeic words (拟声词).
Listeners were remarkably good at interpreting the meanings of the sounds. Yet,all of the contestants and listeners were speakers of English. Thus,it was possible that listeners’ success relied on some cultural knowledge that they shared with the speakers. Did the listeners also understand the speakers from completely different cultural backgrounds
Later,an Internet survey translated into 25 different languages was carried out. Participants listened to each sound from the English speakers and guessed the meaning by choosing from six written words. Guessing accuracy for the different groups ranged from 74 percent for English speakers to 34 percent for Portuguese speakers. It is far from perfect,but well above the chance rate of eight percent expected by us.
Taken together,these studies show that our capacity for iconic communication has played a critical role. Without this special talent,language would likely never have gotten off the ground.
5.Which of the following can explain “iconicity”
A.A skill in foreign language learning.
B.The process of acting out our meanings.
C.The connection between form and meaning.
D.A barrier between different language speakers.
6.What can we know about the contest
A.It required sounds containing meanings.
B.Its winners were creative in recordings.
C.It aimed to prove iconicity in words.
D.Its entries were familiar to listeners.
7.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4
A.English pronunciations differ.
B.The research has a limitation.
C.The cultural gap is narrowing.
D.Listening skills vary in cultures.
8.What is the significance of the research
A.Clarifying the influence of sounds.
B.Proving the necessity of exchanges.
C.Uncovering the origin of languages.
D.Identifying the function of gestures.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2025·潍坊高三二模)
I had never picked up a camera before my freshman year in 2012, when my journey to an artist began. For four years, I 1 G-Star School of The Arts, where my 2 for photography and filmmaking were awaken.
Having seen my first short film, my teacher came over, saying,“You got a good 3 . Why not consider doing this as your profession I think you’ve got a 4 in it.” Then, it clicked. I, therefore, 5 my bank account and bought my first camera.
Since then, I was amazed by the 6 the world has to offer. I have to 7 , though: I, shy and chicken-hearted, tended to capture nature-related scenes, 8 anything to do with people.
As I was 9 my way, I started photographing myself, the only one I felt 10 with. The camera soon became my strongest 11 , serving as the tool for how I expressed myself. Gradually, I gained enough 12 to start taking photos of other people, greatly touched by how I was able to 13 the best in them through the lens (镜头).
Each year, I would look back on all of the shots I did that year and would 14 them to the first one I ever took in my career. Although the progress seemed substantial, I realized the key to growth as an artist is to never be 15 . This allows me to create progressively better work year after year.
1. A.designed B.attended
C. assessed D.arranged
2.A.duties B.requests
C.passions D.needs
3.A.heart B.hand
C.eye D.nerve
4.A.future B.memory
C.schedule D.certificate
5.A.opened B.closed
C.monitored D.emptied
6.A.beauty B.sound
C.lesson D.chance
7.A.admit B.judge
C.conclude D.negotiate
8.A.envying B.avoiding
C.prioritizing D.recording
9.A.winding B.losing
C.shooting D.clearing
10.A.familiar B.comfortable
C.generous D.patient
11.A.resolve B.voice
C.shoulder D.vision
12.A.knowledge B.integrity
C.confidence D.insight
13.A.bring out B.comment on
C.call for D.take over
14.A.refer B.relate
C.apply D.compare
15.A.self-conscious B.self-reliant
C.self-centered D.self-content
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2025·八省联考)
In 2010,the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages.The goal was two-fold:1. (celebrate)cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2. (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication,the bridge of interaction between nations,3._______ the bond of understanding among civilizations.At the same time,a language and its individual 4._______ (write) forms make up the “soul”of a nation’s cultural tradition.Every language is worthy of respect and should 5. (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Langunge Day not only provides a unique platform 6. the world to better understand China,but also 7. (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today,more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems.Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8. (improve)communication and cooperation between China and 9. rest of the world.As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture,the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history,its hard-working people,its development through 10. (innovate) and its inclusiveness.China,on its part,will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
限时训练7
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要赞扬了词典的价值,认为它们是通往求知的一扇门。作者把词典看作语言生活的指南。通过查阅词典,作者发现自己对世界的了解不断加深,知识也不断丰富。
1.C [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Looking up words felt...an opportunity to discover just how many.”可知,作者认为查单词是承认自己有很多不知道的事情,是一次发现自己到底有多少不知道的事情的机会,即一次充实自我的机会。故选C项。]
2.D [写作意图题。通读第三段可知,第一、二句陈述了作者对词典的观点,段中的“a mechanical model...around the sun”是对orrery这一单词的解释,随后作者提到词典还告诉了自己关于这一单词的来源。所以,作者提到orrery这一单词是为了佐证自己的陈述。故选D项。]
3.A [词义猜测题。根据空前的rather than可知,画线短语与“prying open an oyster (蚝)”的意思相反。画线短语所在句中的one指代上文提到的a dictionary,所以“prying open an oyster (蚝)”指的是上文对词典的描述“using simple words to explain complex ones”,而画线短语则对应上文中对网页浏览器的描述“answer questions with more questions”。故选A项。]
4.B [推理判断题。文章最后一段提到“对我来说,词典是一扇通向无法预测的求知的门”。结合第一段中的“Looking up words felt...an opportunity to discover just how many.”可知,查单词能让作者发现自己到底有多少不知道的事情。因此,作者认为词典可以让人大开眼界。故选B项。A项“令人称奇的”;C项“非常乏味的”;D项“节省劳力的”。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家认为象似性是语言兴起的关键,并介绍了什么是象似性,实验是如何证明这一点的。
5.C [推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The key to this process of...iconicity appears in our visual communication too.”可知,形成新符号的过程的关键是iconicity的使用。iconicity不局限于手势,也出现在我们的视觉交流中,由此可见,iconicity是手势、视觉符号等形式和意义间的关联,故C项正确。iconicity “象似性”。]
6.A [推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We organized a contest in which...to express different meanings.”可知,我们组织了一场比赛,邀请参赛者录制一组声音来表达不同的含义。由此可见,在比赛中,声音需包含意义,故A项正确。]
7.B [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Yet,all of the contestants and listeners...different cultural backgrounds ”(所有的参赛者和听众都说英语。因此,有可能听者的成功依赖于他们与说话者共享的一些文化知识。听众是否也能理解来自完全不同文化背景的说话者呢 )可推知,这个研究是存在一定局限性的,故选B。]
8.C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“these studies show that our capacity...have gotten off the ground”可知,这些研究表明,我们的象征性沟通能力发挥了关键作用。如果没有这种特殊的天赋,语言可能永远不会起步。据此可以推断,这些研究实际上发现了语言是如何兴起的,故选C。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章以第一人称叙述,记录了作者从最初接触相机、受到老师鼓励、决定投身这一领域,到逐渐克服害羞、建立自信,并在艺术道路上不断进步的心路历程。
1.B [根据下文“G-Star School of The Arts”可知,此处指作者开始就读于一所艺术学校,attended符合教育背景的描述。故选B。]
2.C [结合下文“for photography and filmmaking were awaken”可知,作者摄影和电影制作的热情被唤醒了。故选C。]
3.C [根据上文“Having seen my first short film, my teacher came over, saying,‘You got a good’”和下文“Why not consider doing this as your profession”可知,老师建议作者把这当成职业,说明老师对作者的作品评价很高,get a good eye表示“有很好的审美眼光或观察力”。故选C。]
4.A [根据上文“Why not consider doing this as your profession ”可知,老师鼓励作者考虑将此作为职业,表明老师认为作者在这方面有前途。故选A。]
5.D [根据下文“my bank account and bought my first camera”可知,此处表示作者为了购买相机而花掉了自己的积蓄,清空了银行账户。故选D。]
6.A [根据下文“the world has to offer”可知,作者开始摄影,应是对自然或生活中的美景感到惊叹。故选A。]
7.A [根据下文“I, shy and chicken-hearted, tended to capture nature-related scenes, anything to do with people.”可知,此处是作者对自己的性格和拍摄喜好的坦诚陈述,是作者承认的事实。故选A。]
8.B [根据上文“tended to capture nature-related scenes”和下文“anything to do with people”可知,由于作者害羞胆小,所以会避开拍摄人物,选择自然景观。故选B。]
9.C [根据下文“I started photographing myself”可知,此处指作者进行摄影活动,在作者拍摄的过程中,开始给自己拍照。故选C。]
10.B [根据上文“I started photographing myself”可知,由于是自我拍摄,所以作者感到舒适、自在。故选B。]
11.B [根据上文“The camera soon became my strongest”和下文“serving as the tool for how I expressed myself”可知,这里是比喻说法,指相机成为作者表达自我情感和观点的媒介,成为自己最强有力的声音。故选B。]
12.C [根据上文“tended to capture nature-related scenes, anything to do with people”和下文“to start taking photos of other people”可知,从拍摄自己到拍摄他人,需要克服心理障碍,积累的是信心。故选C。]
13.A [A.bring out 展现,使显出;B.comment on 评论;C.call for 要求;D.take over 接管。根据下文“the best in them through the lens”可知,此处指作者通过摄影技巧捕捉并展现被摄者的美好特质。故选A。]
14.D [根据下文“them to the first one I ever took in my career”可知,此处描述作者自我反思和成长的过程,通过比较不同阶段的作品来衡量进步。故选D。]
15.D [根据下文“This allows me to create progressively better work year after year.”可知,此处强调持续进步的态度,不应满足于现状,成长的关键是永远不要自满。故选D。]
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了联合国设立语言日的背景和目的,重点讲述了中文语言日对促进中国与世界文化交流、加强国际理解的重要作用,以及中文在全球教育系统中日益增长的影响力。
1.to celebrate [考查非谓语动词。此处为动词不定式作目的状语,后文的to promote也有提示,故填to celebrate。]
2.tongues [考查名词的单复数。根据六种语言的复数意义,需使用tongue的复数形式。]
3.and [考查连词。此处列举了语言在不同方面的作用,使用and连接并列结构。]
4.written [考查词性转换。此处修饰名词“forms”,需要使用形容词written,表示“书面的”。]
5.be treated [考查动词的时态和语态。此处表达的是被动语态,且“should”后接动词原形,因此填入be treated。]
6.for [考查介词。此处表示平台的目的,是为了“让全世界”更好理解中国,因此应使用介词for。]
7.promotes [考查动词的时态。此处描述的是目前的情况,因此使用一般现在时,主语the UN Chinese Language Day为单数形式,谓语动词应用promotes。]
8.improving [考查非谓语动词。介词后应用动词的-ing形式,故填improving。]
9.the [考查冠词。这里特指“世界其他地区”,用the表示特定的事物。]
10.innovation [考查词性转换。此处“创新”是一个抽象名词,表示“通过创新”带来的发展,故填innovation。]
A篇 1.核心单词:Para.2:consult v.咨询,请教;查阅,查询 encounter v.遭遇,遇到 shrink v.缩小;减少 Para.3:obviously adv.显而易见地,明显地 Para.4:solvable adj.可解决的 2.核心短语/词块:Para.1:no such thing(某人或某物等)不存在 Para.2:come across(偶然)遇见,碰见,发现 Para.3:be blind to sth对某事物缺乏识别能力 Para.5:brush sth aside不理会,漠视 3.熟词生义:prize(Para.2)常用义:n.奖励 文章义:v.珍视 例句:That’s an era when honesty was prized above all other virtues. 那是一个尊诚实为美德之首的年代。 4.词缀变形:Para.1:admission n.承认→admit v.(不情愿地)承认→admissible adj.(尤指法庭)可接受的,受理的
B篇 1.核心单词:Para.1:countless adj.无数的,数不胜数的,数不尽的 property n.(常用复数)性质,特性 compose v.组成,构成 Para.2:bridge v.克服(障碍) packaging n.包装材料,外包装 Para.3:option n.选择;选择权 critically adv.极为重要地,很大程度上,批判性地 submit v.呈递,提交;屈服 2.核心短语:Para.1:play a...role扮演……角色,发挥……作用 Para.4:rely on依赖,依靠 Para.5:carry out实行 3.词缀变形:Para.3:contestant n.比赛者,竞争者→contest n.比赛,竞争v.争取赢得(比赛、选举等) Para.5:participant n.参与者,参加者→participate v.参加,参与→participation n.参加,参与 accuracy n.准确(性);精确(程度)→accurate adj.精确的,准确的
B篇 译文:比赛的获胜者取决于听众根据一组书面选项猜出声音的预期含义的正确程度。
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