中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
限时训练9
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了南非丛林营地志愿者项目。
1.B [细节理解题。根据Why to join部分中的“enables you to gain invaluable skills and knowledge in conservation”可知,参与这个项目可以获得有关环境保护的宝贵技能和知识,故选B。]
2.A [细节理解题。根据What to expect部分中的“you’re expected to...feed animals”可知,志愿者在营地里的工作包括给动物食物,故选A。]
3.D [细节理解题。根据Entertainment部分可知,在营地做志愿者的好处之一是可以参加各种娱乐活动,故选D。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了塔科马帕克小提琴家David Schulman发明了鸟叫电话,人们能够通过按电话按钮就能听到不同的鸟叫,从而起到缓解压力的作用。
4.A [细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Listeners push 1 to...of a red-tailed hawk.”可知,听众按1,可听到黄冠夜鹭的叫声;按7,可听到啄木鸟的叫声;按9,可听到红尾鹰的独特尖叫声。由此可知,听众会听到本地鸟类的叫声,故选A。]
5.A [推理判断题。由第四段中的“After noticing an abandoned...into something appealing.”可知,David Schulman是一个善于观察的人;由第四段最后一句话“Schulman thought bringing bird...nature to the neighborhood.”可推知,他是一个热爱大自然的人。故选A项。]
6.D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的描述可知,这个项目得到了社会各界的广泛支持,故选D。]
7.B [标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要讲述了David Schulman发明了一个电话,人们按下不同的按钮就会听到不同的鸟叫,故B项“拿起电话,听到鸟鸣”最适合作本文的标题。]
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了“环境代际失忆症”这一现象,指出每一代人对“自然”的概念因所接触的环境不同而发生相应变化,并强调与自然有意义的互动的重要性。
8.C [推理判断题。第一段描述了如今的自然环境与过去相比发生了变化,第二段提到这就是“环境代际失忆症”,每代人对“自然”的看法基于所接触的环境而相对不同。由此可知,“自然”的概念发生了改变。故选C项。]
9.D [推理判断题。根据第三段中的内容可知,在休斯顿,当孩子们被问及空气污染时,多数孩子能指出其他被污染的城市却不认为自己所在城市有污染。每一代人都倾向于将退化的状况视为未退化的状况,视为常见的经历。由此可知,休斯顿的孩子认为他们的环境是可接受的。故选D项。]
10.A [细节理解题。由倒数第二段提到的“Meaningful interactions with nature not only...that result in positive feelings”可知,与自然的有意义互动不仅能教导人们,还能帮助人们恢复活力、反思并认识到户外的重要性。发展一种“自然语言”——以各种方式接触环境从而产生积极的感受。所以,与自然有意义的互动可能带来积极的感受。故选A项。]
11.C [推理判断题。根据最后一段中Kahn说的话可知,大公园胜过小公园,小公园比没有公园强。在任何地方,你都不能把自然视为理所当然。这意味着应该建设更多的公园。故选C项。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了将空地改造成菜园的一些建议。
1.E [前文提到作者在杂货店排队买果蔬时想到把后院变成菜园,E项“它让我能够种植自己的食物并节省等待时间。”解释了这样做的好处,与上文衔接紧密,同时引出下文关于改造菜园的建议,故选E项。]
2.B [前文提到在动工前要考虑空间、阳光和温度,B项是对前文所要考虑因素的总结,即根据你的位置创造一个憧憬,故选B项。]
3.F [前文提到不同植物需要不同的土壤,后文以西红柿为例进行具体说明,因此F项“胡萝卜需要沙质土壤,以便它们的根能更容易生长。”与后文一起具体说明不同植物对土壤有不同的需求,故选F项。]
4.C [后文讲述了选择容器的依据以及要远离装过有毒物质的容器,C项概括了本段主要内容,故选C项。]
5.G [前文提到种子需要大量呵护,新手可从移植植物开始,G项“它们是生长在小罐子里的几英寸高的植物。”是对移植的植物的具体解释,与后文“They still need your love but they’re not going to fall down and kill themselves.”相呼应,故选G项。]
A篇 1.核心单词:Para.1:rewarding adj.值得做的,有益的 Para.2:once-in-a-lifetime adj.千载难逢的 conservation n.保护 Para.3:priority n.优先考虑,优先处理的事,优先权 candidate n.(竞选或求职的)候选人,申请人 certificate n.文凭,结业证书,合格证书 refusal n.拒绝,回绝 Para.4:nutrition n.营养,滋养,营养的补给 2.核心短语:Para.5:be bathed in沐浴于 3.词缀变形:Para.2:satisfying adj.令人满意(或满足)的→satisfy v.使满意,使满足,满足(要求、需要等)→satisfied adj.满意的,满足的→satisfactory adj.令人满意的→satisfaction n.满足,满意,欣慰 invaluable adj.极有用的,极宝贵的→valuable adj.很有用的,很重要的,宝贵的→value n.价值v.重视,珍视 Para.3:abuser n.施虐者,滥用者→abuse v.虐待,滥用,辱骂
B篇 1.核心单词:Para.1:suburban adj.郊区的,城外的 Para.2:distinct adj.清晰的,清楚的,明显的;不同种类的 scream n.尖叫,大声叫 instruction n.用法说明,操作指南;命令,指示 reflection n.反映,显示,表达 native adj.土著的;当地的 Para.3:relieve v.解除,减轻,缓和(不快或痛苦) Para.4:abandoned adj.被离弃的,被遗弃的,被抛弃的 appealing adj.有吸引力的,令人感兴趣的 Para.5:budget v.谨慎花钱;把……编入预算 persuade v.说服,劝说 Para.6:opposite n.对立的人(或物);对立面,反面 2.核心短语:Para.1:line up排成一行,站队,排队(等候) Para.2:take off迅速成功,迅速走红 Para.5:reach out to...请求……的帮助
C篇 1.核心单词:Para.5:meaningful adj.意味深长的;意义明显的;易于理解的 overturn v.倾倒;倾覆;翻掉 2.核心短语:Para.3:point out指出;指明 Para.4:make a difference有作用,关系,影响 Para.6:take...for granted对……不予重视;不把……当回事 3.词缀变形:Para.1:develop v.(使)成长,发展,壮大;开发;研制→development n.发展;发育;成长;壮大;开发;研制;研制成果 nature n.自然界;大自然;天性;本性→natural adj.自然的;天然的→naturally adv.自然地
七选五 1.核心单词:Para.4:poisonous adj.引起中毒的;有毒的 Para.6:adorable adj.可爱的,讨人喜爱的 transform v.使改变形态;使改观 2.词缀变形:Para.3:consider v.(尤指为作出决定而)仔细考虑,细想→consideration n.仔细考虑;深思;斟酌→considerable adj.相当多(或大、重要等)的 require v.需要;依靠;依赖→requirement n.必要条件;所需的(或所要的)东西
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
限时训练9
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Welcome to the hands-down Big 5 game reserve in South Africa. Volunteering in our camp in the African bush is definitely a rewarding and convenient way to help you gain a sense of devotion and satisfaction with no extra material rewards.
Why to join
It’s a once-in-a-lifetime experience,where you get to give back to the natural environment and the local community. It not only is an extremely satisfying feeling when you know that you’ve helped to protect this incredible part of the world for generations to come,but enables you to gain invaluable skills and knowledge in conservation.
Requirements
Priority will be given to those candidates with great patience and devotion.Rich experience for wildlife conservation as well as a certificate in wildlife protection is not necessarily important.Refusal goes to animal abusers.
What to expect
Working alongside trained forest protectors,conservation staff and other volunteers from Monday to Friday (8:30 a.m.-4:30 p.m.),you’re expected to help with fence guards to keep animals safe from poachers (偷猎者), feed animals,and even help catch animals for medical treatment. During term-time,you may also work with the local community,delivering meals with nutrition to local children.
Entertainment
After work,you’ll have plenty of time to relax on the reserve. Be bathed in the sun by the reserve’s pool,play a few rounds of tennis or relax in the common room with your new friends. The program contains various overnight short-distance journeys in the surrounding areas such as Port Elizabeth,Jeffreys Bay and Grahamstown,where you can go hiking,windsurfing,whale-watching,horse-riding and much more.
1.What will participants acquire in the program
A.Survival skills in the wilderness.
B.Knowledge of wildlife protection.
C.Certificates of animal conservation.
D.Experience in community management.
2.What should a volunteer do in the camp
A.Give food to animals.
B.Keep animals in cages.
C.Study diseases of animals.
D.Train animals for research.
3.What is an advantage of volunteering in the camp
A.Material rewards are plentiful.
B.Accommodations are top-class.
C.Flexible working hours are allowed.
D.Recreational activities are provided.
In Takoma Park,Maryland,in suburban Washington,people,adults or students,lined up at a pay phone outside a restaurant several times a week.
“Once I put the phone out there,it just took off,”said David Schulman,a Takoma Park violinist who created the Bird Calls Phone. Listeners push 1 to hear a yellow-crowned night heron (夜鹭),7 to hear a pileated (有羽冠的) woodpecker’s call and 9 for the distinct scream of a red-tailed hawk. Instructions about how to use the phone are in three languages: English,Spanish and Amharic—a reflection of Takoma Park’s Ethiopian community.In all,10 birds native to the Takoma Park area are featured.
Studies show in addition to being fun,listening to birdsong can reduce stress and anxiety.Even hearing recordings of birds can relieve negative emotions.
After noticing an abandoned nonworking pay phone in town,Schulman wondered if he could turn it into something appealing.He said,“I really like the old technology of just picking up a receiver,pressing one button and having something happen.”Schulman thought bringing bird sounds to the abandoned phone was a way to add a bit of nature to the neighborhood.
Takoma Park city officials agreed,and they budgeted $5,000 to complete the project.Schulman reached out to the Macaulay Library in Ithaca,New York,which agreed to send him a few dozen recordings of native birds. He then managed to gain the help of Branden Hall,a software engineer and artist,to rewire the phone to play different bird calls.Schulman said he persuaded several of his friends to record short descriptions of each bird to go with the calls.
“One thing I like about the Bird Calls Phone is that it’s the opposite of a loud broadcast,” Schulman said.“Only one person can listen at a time,and each person will take away their own unique experience.”
4.What will listeners hear if they press buttons on the pay phone
A.The calls of native birds.
B.Songs in different languages.
C.Descriptions of local creatures.
D.Instructions on reducing stress.
5.Which of the following best describes David Schulman
A.Observant and nature-loving.
B.Diligent and easy-going.
C.Serious and public-spirited.
D.Ambitious and kind-hearted.
6.What can be inferred about the project
A.It encourages art appreciation.
B.It presents the harmony among birds.
C.It turns loud broadcasts into private phones.
D.It receives broad support from the community.
7.What can be a suitable title for the text
A.A Violinist Specializes in Ecology
B.Pick up the Phone,Hear Birdsong
C.Close to Nature,Far From Depression
D.Turn Trash into Treasure in Washington
Think what the places you go to for nature was like in your parents’ or grandparents’ time. In many cases,the natural places of today are more developed or surrounded by more development than they were decades ago. But to you,they still feel like nature.
That’s what psychology professor Peter Kahn calls “environmental generational amnesia (失忆症)”. What each generation comes to think of as “nature” is relative,based on what it’s exposed to.
In early research,Kahn studied children’s concepts of the environment in Houston,one of the largest and most polluted cities in the country. He found that,when children were asked about air pollution,most could explain it and point out other cities that were polluted—but not their own. “Each generation tends to see that degraded condition as the nondegraded condition,as the common experience,”Kahn wrote.
“Interacting with nature makes a difference in how people view and move in the world,” Kahn said. He turned to a preschool in Seattle and observed children developing skills in nature there. “The skills are not given,” Kahn said. “We have an entire generation that spends so much time in front of screens that,when they do go out into nature,they don’t know how to interact with it,or handle themselves.”
Meaningful interactions with nature not only can teach,but also help people revive,reflect and recognize the importance of the outdoors. Developing a “nature language” —meeting the environment in ways large and small that result in positive feelings—can begin to overturn environmental generational amnesia.
Here in Seattle,the city’s largest park can serve as a laboratory for how people interact with nature. “A park of that size allows for interactions with nature that are almost impossible to have in the city. It’s not enough,but it’s better than not having it,” Kahn said. “A bigger park is better than a smaller park,and a smaller park is better than no park. You can’t take nature for granted anywhere.”
8.What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A.Deforestation goes better.
B.Nature disappears quickly.
C.The concept of nature changes.
D.Environmental amnesia worsened.
9.What do children in Houston think of their environment
A.Comfortable. B.Sustainable.
C.Accessible. D.Acceptable.
10.From the text,meaningful interactions with nature may .
A.offer positive feelings
B.improve people’s memory
C.make surroundings greener
D.develop cities’ economy
11.What can we learn from Kahn’s words in the last paragraph
A.Seattle’s parks aren’t natural.
B.Seattle’s nature is well-preserved.
C.More parks should be encouraged.
D.People can enjoy nature in the laboratory.
Ⅱ.七选五
As I was standing in a long line to get into the grocery store waiting to buy fruits and vegetables,I realized I could turn my backyard into a garden. 1 Here are several expert tips to help you break ground on your garden.
Before you start your work,think about the space you’re changing. Is your space a yard A rooftop How much sunlight does it get Watch out for the temperature and find out which plants adapt well in your region. 2
Set the stage with healthy soil. It’s full of billions of bacteria and helps plant roots grow. Then consider the structure of the soil. Different plants require different soil. 3 Tomatoes want more clay for keeping water.
4 The decision depends on your preferences,space,what you’re growing and your budget. Stay away from containers that have been used for poisonous materials. They can bring chemicals into the soil as they break down from sunlight.
Should I plant seeds or transplant plants In general,a seed is like a baby. It needs tons of care,but not everyone knows how to get it to survive.Transplanting plants is for starters. 5 They still need your love but they’re not going to fall down and kill themselves.
With a little planning,I was able to watch three adorable baby trees take root in my yard. One of them recently had its first fruit—sweet little peaches. The yard has totally transformed too.
A.It used to be a junkyard.
B.Just create a vision based on your location.
C.You can start a garden in pots or containers.
D.You can buy your garden soil at a hardware (五金制品) store.
E.It enables me to grow my own food and save waiting time.
F.Carrots want sandier soil,so their roots can more easily grow.
G.They are plants that are a few inches high grown in small pots.
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