【单元考点培优】Unit 2 Saving the Earth 专题13 任务型阅读（含答案解析）-2025-2026学年九年级英语上册单元复习考点培优仁爱科普版

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级英语上册单元复习考点培优仁爱科普版Unit 2 Saving the Earth
专题13 任务型阅读
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
Pollution is the act of introducing harmful things to the environment that does harm to nature. Things that cause pollution are called pollutants. There are so many kinds of pollutants, such as chemical products, waste materials, light, heat and noise. So pollution is divided into different types, such as water pollution, noise pollution, air pollution, radioactive(放射性的) pollution, and plastic pollution.
There are numerous causes of pollution. While some pollution happens through natural events such as hurricanes, flooding, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions(火山爆发) and forest fires, most of the pollution in the world is caused by human activities. For example, air pollution may happen from burning waste material, car emissions(排放) and agriculture. Car emissions are considered as the leading cause of air pollution in the world. Cars also cause noise pollution in the world.
Environmental pollution causes lots of harmful influences on living things and nature. Air pollution often leads to health problems in humans such as respiratory(呼吸的) diseases and heart diseases. Besides, polluted air causes acid rain(酸雨) which is harmful in the soil. Water pollution is a main cause of death in most developing countries. Noise pollution often leads to hearing loss, stress, sleeping problems, and even high blood pressure. Environmental pollution caused by chemicals can lead to developmental problems in children. Pollution often makes the ecosystem(生态系统) lose balance and some animals or plants are in danger of dying out.
Most countries have taken action to control and reduce pollution and its harmful effects. Some of the steps taken to control pollution are recycling reusable materials, treating waste before putting it into the environment, making compost from waste materials, and reducing waste products from industrial activities. Technology is also used in controlling pollution in most developed nations.
We must protect our planet from pollution!
1题完成句子；2~3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写出第四段的主题句；5题将文中第一处画线句子译成汉语。
1．People name things that pollutants.
2．What is considered as the leading cause of air pollution in the world
3．How can environmental pollution caused by chemicals influence children
4．
5．
Do you know 30% of the forests in the world are snow forests These wonderful forests are not as famous as the Amazon (亚马逊) rainforest, but they are also very important.
Snow forests are found in the far north of the world. It is very cold and snows a lot there. They lie across parts of Canada, China, Finland, Japan, Norway, Russia, Sweden and the US. Snow forests have very cold winters that can last up to six months. But even so, they are home to many kinds of animals, such as foxes, mice and wolves. In the US and Canada, more than 300 species (物种) of birds live in the forests.
Snow forests do an important job that is to help take in (吸入) harmful gases (气体). These gases come from burning coal and oil which are harmful for the environment. However, snow forests are facing some problems now. People cut down more and more trees for wood and space to build houses. What’s worse, as the world gets warmer, Canada and Russia have seen terrible fires in some of their forests.
Luckily, environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to protect snow forests. They are trying their best to stop people from cutting down trees and ask them to plant more trees.
6．Where are snow forests mainly found (No more than 7 words)
7．Why are snow forests so important List at least one reason. (No more than 9 words)
8．What mainly causes snow forests to be in danger (1 word)
Human
9．请将文中画线的句子翻译成汉语。
10．请给短文拟一个适当的英文题目。
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。
Have you ever heard of the “three Rs” — “Reduce, reuse, recycle” They help cut down on the number of rubbish we throw away and reuse the waste in a proper way. But how can we do that Recently, this idea came to life in China in a special way at the Mingsha Mountain Crescent Spring scenic spot (鸣沙山月牙泉景区) in Gansu Province.
In order to protect the environment, the staff members in the scenic spot hold “Exchange (交换) Rubbish for Gifts” activity, which is widely liked by visitors. How to take part in the activity Visitors are encouraged to get rubbish bags from the workers, pick up the rubbish around the site, and then exchange the rubbish for small gifts such as toy camels and key chains for free. As it’s quite hot in the desert during daytime, the activity begins at 8:30 PM every day.
Another reason of holding the activity is to reduce the pressure of cleaners in the scenic spot. Wang Keshou, a member of the cleaners, feels happy seeing a lot of visitors helping pick up rubbish. “This activity has largely helped in my work. To provide a good environment for daily tourists, we had to do the cleaning till three o’clock at night before. But now the condition is much better,” he says.
Yang Hui is a visitor from Tianjin. She had a great time at the scenic spot with her children. Her children were excited to pick up rubbish for gifts. She thinks the activity is educational. She says, “It teaches children that ________”
In fact, more and more people come to realize the importance of environmental protection and are willing to take action. The “three Rs” project is not far away from us. Instead, it lies in our daily activities.
11．Do visitors like the activity of exchanging rubbish for gifts
12．When does the activity begin every day
13．What’s the purpose of “Exchange Rubbish for Gifts” activity
14．What might Yang Hui say in paragraph 4 Complete her words. (At least 15 words.)
It teaches children that
Have you heard of the three Rs—“Reduce, reuse, recycle” They help cut down on the trash we throw away. But how can we do that Recently, this idea came to life in China in a special way at the Mingsha Mountain Crescent Spring scenic spot (鸣沙山月牙泉景区) in Dunhuang, Gansu province.
The scenic spot introduces an “Exchange trash for gifts” activity. How does it work Visitors can get a trash bag from the workers, pick up the trash around the site, and then exchange the trash for small gifts, such as key chains and fridge magnets (冰箱贴) for free. The activity begins at 8:30 a.m. every day, and one hour later, visitors can exchange gifts.
Mrs.Yang is a visitor from Tianjin. She had a great time at the scenic spot with her child. Her child is excited to pick up trash for gifts. She thinks the activity is ____▲____. “It teaches children that they should not throw trash everywhere. Trash should be put in the right place. Everyone should take action to protect the environment,” she says.
Through this activity, the scenic spot is much cleaner and more beautiful than before. By taking part in this activity, visitors not only enjoy the beauty of nature but also realize the importance of protecting the environment.
15．How does the writer start the passage
The writer starts the passage by .
16．What should visitors do if they want to get gifts
They should get a trash bag from the workers, around the site and exchange it for gifts.
17．What time can visitors start to exchange gifts
Visitors can start to exchange gifts .
18．Which word can you put into “___▲___” in the third paragraph
I can put there.
19．What’s the last paragraph mainly about
It’s mainly about of the activity.
①Cassie, a travel lover, has taken over 255 flights, planted trees, spoken to students in over 40 different countries, and raised 110,000 dollars for her journey. After 18 months and 10 days, 29-year-old Cassie has broken two Guinness World records (吉尼斯世界记录): She became the fastest person to visit every country in the world and the first woman to do so.
②Back in 2014, Cassie decided to leave her job because she realized that her dream was to see the world. And then she started to make plans for her great journey and save money. In July 2015, she left home to start her travels. On 2nd February 2017, she arrived in Yemen, the 196th and last country on her list.
③Cassie spent an average (平均) of 2 to 5 days in each country. But her journey was not just one long holiday. She also wanted to make a difference. Cassie is very worried about the environment. In many countries, she collected water to test for micro-plastics (微塑料). Besides, she met some local students and discussed how tourism could be used to help each country. She believes if everyone starts to do something, the world will be a better place.
④Cassie is curious about something different and she has a strong interest in other cultures. So, has Cassie finished her travels now No, she hasn’t—not at all! Cassie hasn’t become tired of travelling and she’s already making plans for her next journey.
根据语篇内容，按要求回答问题。
20．How long did Cassie’s journey take
21．Why did Cassie decide to leave her job
22．How many countries did Cassie visit in the journey
23．What’s the main idea of Paragraph ③ （不超过10词）
24．What will Cassie probably do next （不超过10词）
阅读回答问题，答案不超过6个词。
You can be proud of yourselves, even if you can only make one or two of these green changes. The goal here is to limit carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and other greenhouse gases, which are closely connected to the big problem of global-warming (全球变暖).
Way 1:Bring your own cup to Starbucks. You’ll get a 10-cent discount, and it’s one less paper cup to end up in a dustbin. The store won’t create more waste when they throw away a cup.
Way 2 : Turn off your computer. When in standby mode (待机模式), your PC is still using energy. Turning off a monitor (显示器) for 40 hours a week may only save $5 a month, but it reduces CO2 by 750 pounds!
Way 3: Reuse plastic bags. Instead of throwing away 100 billion plastic bags a year, try and get a second, third, or tenth use out of them. Better yet, next time you shop, try a reusable bag. You’re reducing pollution. The amount of oil it would take to make just 14 plastic bags would run your car for one mile.
Way 4: Use recycled paper in the bathroom. Most of the toilet paper we use is made from trees found in forests previously untouched by humans. If every family took the place of one roll of toilet paper with a recycled one, 424, 000 trees would still be standing.
Way 5: Plant a free. Adding green to your garden is beautiful and earth-pleasing. Just one tree will help make cleaner air and save the environment from 5, 000 pounds of hot carbon dioxide each year.
25．What is happening when your PC is in standby mode
26．What’s the advantage of using recycled paper in the bathroom
27．How many ways are mentioned in the passage
28．What other ways do you usually do to protect the environment
29．What’s the passage about
阅读短文，根据短文内容完成任务。
Going shopping for new clothes can be great. However, what you might not realize is that the fashion industry, especially “fast fashion”, is harmful for the planet.
What is fast fashion
Fast fashion refers to cheap clothes that are quickly produced to follow the latest styles. Styles change all the time and lots of people like to buy clothes that are in fashion right now. The aim of fast fashion is to get these new styles into shops as fast as possible so customers can buy them.
2
The fashion industry is responsible for between eight and ten percent of greenhouse gas emissions (排放) which pollute the air and cause climate change. To keep prices low, fashion companies often use a fabric (织物) called polyester, which causes harm to the environment. Clothes factories dye (染) fabrics with lots of chemicals, which can also pollute the environment.
Making clothes also requires lots of water. Cotton plants need to be often watered to grow, and turning cotton into clothes needs even more water. It takes 10,000 litres to produce a kilogram of cotton, so a single pair of jeans for an adult can use 7,500 litres of water. The clothes then have to be shipped to the places where they’re going to be sold, which produces even more pollution. Fast fashion clothes aren’t made to last forever because they often go out of style quite quickly. Some people throw their clothes away when they don’t want them any more, which makes a lot of waste.
Who is helping
Lots of people are working for change, Experts investigate (调查) the environmental and social cost of clothing. People use the information to speak out and ask companies to change. Some clothing companies offer customers vouchers (购物券) to encourage them to recycle their clothes. Some charities have held Second Hand Month, asking people to buy only second-hand clothes in that month. Governments of some countries have written a set of rules to encourage companies to make clothes that last longer. You can help too. You can also raise awareness of the problem among your family and friends or ask a teacher to help you spread the word at your school.
30．What does fast fashion refer to
31．Please write a heading for Paragraphs 3 and 4.
32．Why do some clothing companies offer customers vouchers
33．What can you do to help reduce the harm of fast fashion Please list two points and give reasons.
阅读下文并回答问题。
One couple gave up the higher pay and comfortable life in the city to protect the trees in the forest.
Without enough electricity and phone signals for many years, Tang Zitian and his wife, Li Qinglian, have lived on the Baituchong forest farm in Hunan, raising 132 kinds of fir trees (冷杉). Their two daughters lived with their grandparents.
Tang and Li often walk 20 kilometers to check for fire risks in the 600-hectare (公顷) forest. Thanks to the couple, there has not been a single fire. Sometimes, Tang has to take the risk of climbing high in the trees. One time, when he was checking the height of a tree, he fell off more than 10 meters from a hill until he was stopped by another tree.
Tang has worked here since 1981. The information about trees is recorded in his notebooks every year, month and day. His wife once thought about leaving because of the poor conditions and low pay. In fact, others all moved to work in cities. But Tang didn’t agree. “The trees are just like our children. I can’t leave them. Planting trees is meaningful to me and our country,” Tang said.
Now, fir trees are being planted all over the country. This is their reward (奖励) for all these years of hard work. Many people have known their stories on the Internet. They think they should do something.
34．Do Tang and Li’s daughters live with their grandparents
35．What does Tang record in his notebooks
36．According to the passage, what is Tang and Li’s life like
37．What will happen next Finish the ending. (About 25 words)
阅读下面材料，从所给的A-E五个选项中选择正确选项（其中一项是多余选项），将其序号填入1-4小题，并回答第5小题。
The earth is our home, and it gives us its food, water and fresh air. If you want to do something to protect it, here is some advice to help you!
Cut down on air conditioner. 38 It is not only good for our health but can save energy. If you really need to turn on your air conditioner, set it between 25℃ and 27℃ for the greener temperature.
Use reusable bottles. Many people like to drink water in bottles just from supermarkets when they are out.
39 We can use fewer plastic bottles. You should form good water-saving habits around the house too.
Avoid food waste. Go green and know the importance of finishing your meals to avoid food waste. 40 Do your bit to save the planet as well by planning your meals for a whole week, so you only buy what you need.
Call on more people around you. Many people don’t know why it is important to protect the earth and how to protect it. 41 Or you can simply invite others to follow your lead! Working together will make you more powerful.
A．Try not to leave any food on your plate.
B．Open the windows and let some fresh air in.
C． You can share with them what you’ve learned.
D．All you need is a place that gets plenty of sunlight.
E. It’ll be better if we drink water from reusable bottles.
What else can you do to protect the earth and why （不超过20词）
42
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容按要求完成任务。
Trees are useful to man in three very important ways. The first important way is that they provide man with food, wood and other products. Trees provide man and animals with food to live on the earth. It’s not easy for man to live on the earth without trees.
The second important way is that trees give us shade. On a hot summer day, people are eager to (急于) have a rest in the shade of a tree after they have walked a long way. You can imagine how important the shade of a tree is to man and animals.
The third important way is that trees help to prevent droughts (旱灾) and floods (水灾). However, in many parts of the world, people have not realized the third important way. They have cut trees down in large numbers. In the end, they find that they have lost the best friends they had.
Task 1: Finish the chart according to the article. Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words.
43．
Trees are useful to man in very important ways. They provide man and animals with , and other products.
Trees give us shade.
Trees help to prevent and .
44．Where are people eager to have a rest on a hot summer day
45．What’s the result of cutting down many trees
46．What is the warning at the end of the article for people Explain your reason(s) in about 20 words.
阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。
This past May, Joy Kochar and 10 other students got together in Columbus Park, New York. They set up a table with lemon juice, cookies, and biscuits for sale. The kids were hoping to raise money for their school to address a big problem: the spotted lanternfly (白蜡虫), whose number had recently increased rapidly in the area.
Spotted lanternflies are an invasive species (入侵物种). The insects are harmful to many plants, and can be bad for all ecosystems. When Joy saw them in her school, she had to do something. “I’ve always wanted to take environmental action,” she says, “and show people that no one is ever too small to make a difference.”
So she started a club called Squash (压扁). Its goal is to kill lanternflies around the school. More than 20 students have joined. At first, they trapped (诱捕) the pests in empty water bottles and then killed them.
Joy wanted to do more. With research, she discovered a plant called milkweed (乳草) which is toxic (有毒的) to lanternflies. Joy decided that using milkweed along with traps made for lanternflies would be a better way to kill them.
Finally, their effort paid off. Squash raised $197, enough to buy milkweed and traps.
The effort would not have been a success without teamwork, Joy says. “I learned that two minds are better than one,” she says. “At first I just wanted this to be an personal project. But when I decided to encourage other students to join, I was amazed at how our progress increased.”
47．Why did the students have a sale in Columbus Park
48．How did the students kill lanternflies at first
49．What would be a better way to kill lanterflies according to Joy
50．What did Joy learn from this experience
51．What do you think of Joy Kochar
请阅读下面的非连续性文本，按要求完成所给任务。
The earth is much worse than before because of serious pollution: air pollution, land pollution and water pollution. Irresponsible (不负责任的) people do something bad to the environment and now we have serious problems.
What should people do to save the earth
◆Tip1—Make less rubbish (垃圾)
We should use up all things and buy fewer things, or we can make more rubbish. There will not be enough space for people to live. The land will then be polluted and fewer plants can grow.
Tip 2—
Fish can’t live in polluted water, so it may be impossible for us to enjoy so much seafood or swim happily in the sea and rivers in the future. We can’t put rubbish into the sea and river. Animals and plants in them may die.
Tip 3—Help to keep the air clean.
Polluted air is bad for our physical health. So we must stop people and factories from polluting the air. Planting trees can help that a lot.
Tree Planting
What a tree can do：The number of trees Chinese plant： The time： The participants (参与者)： Each tree can make 60 kilograms of paper. A medium-sized tree makes 1.8 kilograms of O2 every hour and makes enough O2 for 64 people during the day. Over 78 billion. All year round especially on March 12th. People at all ages.
To make the earth a better place, everyone should learn to love our planet from now on. And everyone should play a part in saving the earth.
Anna,14 I never take a car to school. I usually choose a green way to go out. Mike,15 I turn off lights (熄灯) for an hour on Tuesday and Saturday evenings. I learn it from a famous activity across the world.
52．Which kinds of pollution make the earth much worse
53．How can we make less rubbish
54．What’s the best subtitle (小标题) of Tip 2
55．How many kilograms of O2 can a medium-sized tree make in 5 hours
56．Why does Mike turn off the lights twice every week
57．What do you usually do to have a green life in your daily life
根据短文内容，完成图表中所缺信息。
China has a large number of wetlands. The area of wetlands in China takes the first place in Asia. There are some facts that you may be interested in.
First of all, let’s know what wetlands are like. Wetlands usually have comfortable temperatures with lots of rain and wind. They are covered by water. The water is mostly groundwater, which comes from a nearby river or lake. Sea water can also create wetlands. Plants that live in wetlands really like water. Wetlands that have slow water running usually grow trees. However, wetlands that have a lot of water are mainly covered with moss (苔藓).
Well, what lives in the wetlands The wetland forests in the Congo (刚果) surround the Congo River. There are many tall trees. The forests make the environment wetter than other wet-lands. The wetland is home to hundreds of kinds of insects and animals. The wetlands near the Mississippi River in Louisiana are the most famous in the United States. They are home to all kinds of fishes and birds.
Wetlands can do a lot of good for us. They have a very deep influence on people and the earth. Wetlands have all kinds of plants and animals because wetlands provide food and living space for them. Besides, more O2, comes from wetlands because of their well-developed ecosystems (生态系统). Then the earth can make use of it to clean the air. Some wetlands are considered to be the best ecosystems on the earth. For humans, wetlands are valuable for fishing and hunting. What’s more, the ability of wetlands to take in water plays a great role during times of flood. Wetlands can also protect the shoreline (海岸线) and clean water with pollution. Wetlands have been called the “kidneys (肾) of the earth”.
However, as the environment is becoming worse and worse, the area of wetlands in the world has increasingly reduced. Luckily, this has received much attention. Active actions are being taken. Humans can’t live without wetlands, so we must try our best to protect them.
Wetlands
Wetlands in different countries The environment of wetlands 58 in wetlands Advantages of wetlands
*China has the 59 of wetlands in Asia. *The wetland forests in the Congo surround the Congo River. *Having comfortable temperatures and are often 60 . *Being covered by groundwater and moss. *Many tall trees. *Hundreds of kinds of insects and animals. *The home to all kinds of fishes and birds. *Providing food and living space for plants and animals. * 61 for the Earth to clean the air. *Taking in water during the flood. *Protecting the shoreline and cleaning the 62 water.
Have you ever heard of e-waste (electronic waste, 电子垃圾), which can be produced every day How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when they’re broken or you want a new one Most people just throw them away. With the development of electronic industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The U.S. was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second, with 6 million tons.
Whether e-waste can be valuable or harmful depends on how we deal with it. People should pay much more attention to e-waste. E-waste is a valuable urban mine (城市矿藏). The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing. And the metals can be reused. But if people throw them away, the toxic (有毒的) chemicals can get into the earth or air, affecting the environment and people’s health.
What can we do if we don’t throw the e-waste away We can recycle it. Now some companies have set up their recycling programs. First, they recycle the used products from those who buy new ones from their companies. Then they test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices. To help reduce e-waste, we can get computers and phones from those recycling programs.
1~2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下第二段的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。
63．According to the United Nations, China produced of e-waste in 2014.
64．If people throw away e-waste, can affect the environment and people’s health.
65．What do some companies do in order to reduce e-waste
66．
67．
阅读下面短文，按要求完成1—5小题。
Most environmental pollution on the earth comes from humans and their inventions, such as cars or plastic. Today, air pollution is mainly caused by waste gases of cars, leading to climate change. Plastics fill our oceans and create a serious health problem to marine animals.
And what about the electric light, one of the greatest human inventions of all time Electric light can be a beautiful thing. It can guide us home when the sun goes down, keep us safe and make our homes bright. However, it has started to influence the environment. Light pollution, the improper use of outdoor light, is influencing human health and wildlife behavior.
Light pollution is a global problem. Some of the most light-polluted countries in the world are Singapore, Qatar and Kuwait. And the most faraway places on the earth, such as Greenland, Central African Republic and Niue, are in darkness.
Sky glow (人工白昼) is the brightening of the night sky, mostly over cities, because of the electric lights of cars, street lamps, offices, factories, outdoor advertising and buildings.
People living in cities with high levels of sky glow have a hard time seeing many stars at night. Astronomers (天文学家) are especially worried about sky glow pollution, because it prevents them from watching stars. More than 80% of the world’s population live under sky glow.
1、2题完成句子；3—5题简略回答问题。
68．Air pollution to climate change.
69．Light pollution can influence and wildlife behavior.
70．Where can we see sky glow
71．Why do astronomers worry about sky glow pollution
72．Do you like sky glow Why or why not
Like it or not, plastic is everywhere. We sit on it, store our food in it, drink from it, text with it, type with it, and wear it. Americans buy 50 million plastic water bottles every year, and we throw away enough plastic items each year to circle the Earth four times. But still it is difficult to live without it at present.
What can you do about it
Broadreach has organized a Plastic—Free Day. This is your chance to make a difference by living without plastic for one day. Here’s how:
Don’t buy anything made of plastic. It is clear that items like water bottles and many kids’ toys are made of plastic. However, there are some other items that you may not realize contain hidden plastic.
Just say no to single-use plastic like straws, cups and bags. Many people love to drink from a straw or use plastic bags to carry things, but they are really an environmental disaster.
Bring your own utensils (餐具) if you’re planning to eat outside. This one can be hard to remember. Just put a pair of chopsticks in your bag before you leave home. Carry a water bottle or a travel mug with you. You know you’re going to need some water to get you through your day. So take a bottle or a mug with you. That will help you avoid plastic bottles.
In a word, let’s take action to reduce the use of plastic.
1题完成句子；2、3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下文章主题句；5题将文中画线句子翻译成汉语。
73．It is difficult to live without at present.
74．How many plastic water bottles do Americans buy every year
75．What should you do if you are planning to eat outside
76．
77．
阅读下文并回答问题。
Have you ever heard of the “three Rs”— “Reduce, reuse, recycle (减量化、再利用、再循环)” They help cut down on the number of rubbish we throw away and reuse the waste in a proper way. But how can we do that Recently, this idea came to life in China in a special way at the Mingsha Mountain Crescent Spring scenic spot (鸣沙山月牙泉景区) in Gansu Province.
In order to protect the environment, the staff members in the scenic spot hold “Exchange (交换) Rubbish for Gifts” activity, which is widely liked by visitors. How to take part in the activity Visitors are encouraged to get rubbish bags from the workers, pick up the rubbish around the site, and then exchange the rubbish for small gifts such as toy camels and key chains for free. As it’s quite hot in the desert during daytime, the activity begins at 8:30 PM every day.
Another reason of holding the activity is to reduce the pressure of cleaners in the scenic spot. Wang Keshou, a member of the cleaners, feels happy seeing a lot of visitors helping pick up rubbish. “This activity has largely helped in my work. To provide a good environment for daily tourists, we had to do the cleaning till three o’clock at night before. But now the condition is much better,” he says.
Yang Hui is a visitor from Tianjin. She had a great time at the scenic spot with her children. Her children were excited to pick up rubbish for gifts. She thinks the activity is educational. She says, “It teaches children that __________”
In fact, more and more people come to realize the importance of environmental protection and are willing to take action. The “three Rs” project is not far away from us. Instead, it lies in our daily activities.
78．Do visitors like the activity of exchanging rubbish for gifts
79．When does the activity begin every day
80．Why do the staff members hold “Exchange Rubbish for Gifts” activity
81．What might Yang Hui say in paragraph 4 Complete her words. (At least 15 words.)
It teaches children that
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Shoes get worn out. They get wet and dirty. They get scratched (划痕) . Holes form in the bottom of a shoe, and laces break.
“You may think all you can do with grubby sneakers is to throw them out. Most people think that way. In the United States, more than 300 million pairs of shoes end up in landfills each year.” Karen Pearson says. Pearson is the chair of the Sustainability Council (可持续性委员会) in New York.
“These are things that could have a second life.” she says.
An increasing number of companies have Take-Back programs that allow customers to bring back old shoes instead of throwing them out. Shoes returned to these companies will be donated or recycled. Customers could even get a discount if they buy new ones. Keep in mind that certain programs might be brand-specific, meaning a company will take back only its own products. The sneaker brand Nike, for instance, has a program that accepts “gently (轻微) worn Nike athletic footwear.” Other programs say they will take many different brands of shoes. These programs then turn the old sneakers into a variety of new products beyond shoes, including fitness gear (健身装备) and materials used for tracks and playgrounds.
However, recycling old footwear still has some challenges. For one, it can be difficult to take old shoes apart and process them. Shoes often contain a mix of materials, such as fabric, rubber and leather, that are glued and stitched (缝合) together. Besides, shoes collected for recycling don’t always end up being recycled. Many were exported to some developing countries instead.
“One thing you can do is to take better care of your shoes.” Pearson suggests. Still there are many people who want to keep and are unwilling to part with their old sneakers. “They carry memories of marathons or simply because they have been with us through so much.” Madelyn Morgan, who works for the city points out. By repairing soles or replacing laces, old shoes can still serve their purpose for a while longer. Some cities offer classes that teach people to repair shoes themselves, and some shoe brands also offer repair services. Holding onto old shoes can reduce waste, which is beneficial for the environment.
82．How many pairs of shoes end up in the landfills every year in the United States according to Karen Pearson
83．What will the companies do to the old shoes in Take-Back programs
84．Why is it difficult to take old shoes apart and process them
85．What would you like to do with your gently worn shoes Why (Please give two reasons. )
阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题(请注意每小题的词数要求)。
We all know running is good for our health. Have you ever thought that running is also good for the planet Sometimes a creative mind can bring us a win-win situation.
Plogging is becoming increasingly popular in Sweden (瑞典). Have you ever heard plogging It is an act of picking up rubbish while jogging, running slowly for a long time. A Swedish man called Eric Ahlstrom started the movement (运动). Eric noticed a lot of rubbish when he rode to work each day. So, he decided to do something about it. In 2016, Eric began organizing groups to pick up rubbish while jogging, and thus “plogging” was born. Plogging is considered a perfect activity, as it is good both for the body, and for the environment.
Plogging is a movement that anyone can join. To get started, choose plogging route (路线) that you know is safe but with lots of rubbish. Do not forget to bring your recyclable (可循环使用的) rubbish bags and gloves. You can jog alone or in groups. You can do it early in the morning, or a bit before going to work, or even in the late afternoon. If you’re not much of a jogger, that’s okay! You can take a walk. Anything that suits you! It really does not matter whether you take a 2-mile jog or a 5-mile marathon, or just a 15-mimute morning walk. The idea with plogging is that you do some physical exercise while helping to pick up rubbish!
Every day, about 2 million people plog in over 100 countries. If you have a pair of gloves, a rubbish bag, and enjoy being outside, plogging may be right for you!
86．What is plogging (10个词以内）
87．How does Eric go to work every day (10个词以内）
88．What do you need to take when you plog (10个词以内）
89．How long does it need to take you to join the plogging according to paragraph 4
(15个词以内）
90．Why is plogging popular in your opinion
(20个词以内）
Humans share earth with many different kinds of wildlife. However, many of our animal friends may not be around for much longer. Populations of several animals, including birds and fish, have fallen since1970. If there was a 60-percent drop in the human population that would be equal to emptying North America, South America, Africa, China and Oceania. One of the biggest causes of wildlife loss is the human activity. Three-quarters of the world’s land has been affected by human activity. Many natural habitats (栖息地) have been destroyed to create farmland. About 300 mammal (哺乳动物) species are dying out because humans are overeating them. The challenge we face is to find ways to meet the needs of our growing population. It has called on world governments and businesses to try their best to protect people and nature. To protect endangered animals, measures have been taken in China and progress has been made. For example, China has banned (禁止), as well as banned ivory (象牙) trading. It also makes the public know more about animals by holding activities.
91．根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。
①s to use something at the same time as somebody else
②p the total number of people who live there
92．阅读短文，同义句转换，每空一词。
It has called on world governments and businesses to try their best to protect people and nature.
It has called on world governments and businesses to ① ② to protect people and nature.
93．简答问题。
What is one of the biggest causes of wildlife loss
94．简答问题。
Why are about 300 mammal (哺乳动物) species dying out
95．简答问题。
How does it make the public know more about animals
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．cause pollution/lead to pollution 2．Car emissions(are considered as the leading cause of air pollution in the world). 3．Environmental pollution caused by chemicals can lead to developmental problems in children. 4．Most countries have taken action to control and reduce pollution and its harmful effects. 5．污染经常使生态系统失去平衡，一些动物或植物有灭绝的危险。
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了污染的定义、危害及如何去控制。
1．根据“Things that cause pollution are called pollutants.”可知，导致污染的物质被叫做污染物。故填cause/lead to pollution。
2．根据“Car emissions are considered as the leading cause of air pollution in the world.”可知，汽车排放物被认为是世界上空气污染的主要原因。故填Car emissions(are considered as the leading cause of air pollution in the world).
3．根据“Environmental pollution caused by chemicals can lead to developmental problems in children.”可知，由化学物质导致的环境污染能导致孩子发展问题。故填Environmental pollution caused by chemicals can lead to developmental problems in children.
4．通读第四段可知，第四段首句“Most countries have taken action to control and reduce pollution and its harmful effects.”为总起句，后文具体描述措施，符合英语段落主题句常在段首的特点。故填 Most countries have taken action to control and reduce pollution and its harmful effects.
5．分析句子可知， Pollution翻译为“污染”；often翻译为“经常”；makes the ecosystem lose balance翻译为“使生态系统失去平衡”；some animals or plants翻译为“一些动物或植物”；in danger of翻译为“有……的危险”；dying out翻译为“灭绝”。故填：污染经常使生态系统失去平衡，一些动物或植物有灭绝的危险。
6．In the far north of the world. 7．Because they have large area on the earth./Because they are home to many (kinds of) animals./Because they (can help) take in harmful gases. 8．activities/behaviors. 9．这些气体来自于燃烧后的煤和油，且对环境有很大的危害。 10．Snow forests
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，向我们介绍关于雪林的相关内容并号召人们保护雪林。
6．根据第二段“Snow forests are found in the far north of the world.”可知，雪林在世界的最北部。故填In the far north of the world.
7．根据第一段“Do you know 30% of the forests in the world are snow forests ”可知，雪林在森林中占比很大所以对人类很重要；根据第二段“But even so, they are home to many kinds of animals, such as foxes, mice and wolves. In the US and Canada, more than 300 species of birds live in the forests.”可知，雪林是许多动物的家园，它们对许多动物都很重要；根据第三段“Snow forests do an important job that is to help take in harmful gases.”可知，雪林帮助吸收有害气体所以很重要。故填Because they have large area on the earth./Because they are home to many (kinds of) animals./Because they (can help) take in harmful gases.
8．根据“However, snow forests are facing some problems now. People cut down more and more trees for wood and space to build houses. What’s worse, as the world gets warmer, Canada and Russia have seen terrible fires in some of their forests.”可知，人类的各种活动导致雪林处于危险之中。故填activities/behaviors.
9．分析句子可知，本句是which引导的定语从句；These gases翻译为“这些气体”；come from翻译为“来自”；burning coal and oil 翻译为“燃烧后的煤和油”；are harmful for翻译为“对……有害”；the environment翻译为“环境”。故填：这些气体来自于燃烧后的煤和油，且对环境有很大的危害。
10．根据“Luckily, environmental and wildlife groups around the world are working hard to protect snow forests. They are trying their best to stop people from cutting down trees and asking them to plant more trees.”以及整个文章的理解可知，本文主要向我们介绍关于雪林的相关内容并号召人们保护雪林。故填Snow forests。
11．Yes./Yes, they do. 12．At 8:30 PM. 13．To protect the environment and reduce the pressure of cleaners in the scenic spot. 14．it’s everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment and they can do something to reduce the rubbish and protect the environment. (答案不唯一，合理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了甘肃省鸣沙山月牙泉景区举办“垃圾换礼物”活动，来保护环境和减轻景区清洁人员的压力。
11．根据“In order to protect the environment, the staff members in the scenic spot hold “Exchange (交换) Rubbish for Gifts” activity, which is widely liked by visitors.”可知，游客喜欢“垃圾换礼物”活动，因此用肯定回答，故填Yes./Yes, they do.
12．根据“As it’s quite hot in the desert during daytime, the activity begins at 8: 30 PM every day.”可知，这个活动每天晚上8点30开始，故填At 8:30 PM.
13．根据“In order to protect the environment, the staff members in the scenic spot hold ‘Exchange (交换) Rubbish for Gifts’ activity, which is widely liked by visitors.”和“Another reason of holding the activity is to reduce the pressure of cleaners in the scenic spot.”可知，为保护环境和减轻景区清洁人员的压力，景区工作人员举办“垃圾换礼物”活动，故填To protect the environment and reduce the pressure of cleaners in the scenic spot.
14．根据“In order to protect the environment, the staff members in the scenic spot hold ‘Exchange (交换) Rubbish for Gifts’ activity, which is widely liked by visitors.”和“She had a great time at the scenic spot with her children. Her children were excited to pick up rubbish for gifts. She thinks the activity is educational.”可知，这个活动具有教育意义，教会孩子可以为减少垃圾和保护环境做一些事，故填it’s everyone’s responsibility to protect the environment and they can do something to reduce the rubbish and protect the environment. (答案不唯一，合理即可)
15．asking a question 16．pick up the trash 17．at 9:30 a.m. 18．educational 19．the effects and benefits
【导语】本文主要介绍了用垃圾换礼物的环保活动。
15．根据“Have you heard of the three Rs—‘Reduce, reuse, recycle’ ”可知，本文是通过问一个问题开启这篇文章的。故填asking a question。
16．根据“Visitors can get a trash bag from the workers, pick up the trash around the site, and then exchange the trash for small gifts”可知，参观者可以从工作人员那里得到一个垃圾袋，在现场捡起垃圾，然后用垃圾交换礼物。故填pick up the trash。
17．根据“The activity begins at 8:30 a.m. every day, and one hour later, visitors can exchange gifts.”可知活动8点半开始，一个小时后参观者可以开始交换礼物，也就是9点半。故填at 9:30 a.m.。
18．根据“It teaches children that they should not throw trash everywhere. Trash should be put in the right place. Everyone should take action to protect the environment”这个活动是有教育意义的。故填educational。
19．根据“Through this activity, the scenic spot is much cleaner and more beautiful than before.”和“By taking part in this activity, visitors not only enjoy the beauty of nature but also realize the importance of protecting the environment.”可知，最后一段主要介绍了此次活动的影响和好处。故填the effects and benefits。
20．18 months and 10 days./Eighteen months and ten days. 21．Because she realized that her dream was to see the world. 22．196./One hundred and ninety-six. 23．Cassie made a difference during her journey./Cassie did something to make the world a better place. 24．She will have another journey./She will make plans for her next journey.
【导语】本文主要讲述了Cassie花费18个月零10天，成为世界上最快走遍所有国家的人，也是第一位这样做的女性。
20．根据“After 18 months and 10 days”可知，Cassie的旅程花费了18个月零10天。故填18 months and 10 days./Eighteen months and ten days.
21．根据“Cassie decided to leave her job because she realized that her dream was to see the world.”可知，Cassie决定辞职，因为她意识到自己的梦想是去看世界。故填Because she realized that her dream was to see the world.
22．根据“On 2nd February 2017, she arrived in Yemen, the 196th and last country on her list.”可知，2017年2月2日，她抵达也门，这是她清单上的第196个也是最后一个国家。故填196./One hundred and ninety-six.
23．根据“But her journey was not just one long holiday. She also wanted to make a difference.” “She believes if everyone starts to do something, the world will be a better place.”可知，Cassie的旅程并非只是一个长假，她还想有所作为，她为保护环境做出了贡献，她相信如果每个人都行动起来，世界将变得更美好。故填Cassie made a difference during her journey./Cassie did something to make the world a better place.
24．根据“Cassie hasn’t become tired of travelling and she’s already making plans for her next journey.”可知，Cassie已经在为下一次旅行做计划了。故填She will have another journey./She will make plans for her next journey.
25．It is still using energy. 26．Saving trees. 27．Five/5. 28．Turn off lights when leaving rooms. 29．Some ways to go green./Five ways to go green./...
【导语】本文是讲述了怎样预防全球变暖，减少温室气体的方法。
25．根据“When in standby mode (待机模式), your PC is still using energy.”可知，电脑在待机状态下，你的电脑还在用电。故填It is still using energy.
26．根据“If every family took the place of one roll of toilet paper with a recycled one, 424, 000 trees would still be standing.”可知，使用再生纸可以节省大量树木。 故填Saving trees.
27．根据“Way 1...Way 2....Way 3....Way 4...Way 5...”可知，文中提出了五种方法，故填Five/5.
28．开放性问题，合理即可。参考答案：Turn off lights when leaving rooms.
29．本文是讲述了怎样预防全球变暖，减少温室气体的方法。故填Some ways to go green./Five ways to go green./...
30．It refers to cheap clothes that are quickly produced to follow the latest styles. 31．Why is that a problem 32．To encourage them to recycle their clothes. 33．①Make posters. As a student, I can make posters to promote the dangers of fast fashion and reduce its use.
②Remodel old clothes. As a student, I can buy less fast-fashion clothes and transform old clothes so that resources can be reused.
【导语】本文主要讲述了快时尚行业对环境产生了负面影响，文章介绍了一些方法可以帮助我们明智地购物，从而帮助地球。
30．根据“Fast fashion refers to cheap clothes that are quickly produced to follow the latest styles. ”可知，快时尚是指为紧跟最新潮流而迅速生产的廉价服装。故填It refers to cheap clothes that are quickly produced to follow the latest styles.
31．根据三、四段内容可知，两段都在讲述快时尚行业对环境所造成的负面影响。再根据小标题“What is fast fashion ”及“ Who is helping ”可知，可以从是什么、为什么和怎么办三个方面展开。故填Why is that a problem
32．根据最后一段“Some clothing companies offer customers vouchers (购物券) to encourage them to recycle their clothes.”可知，若干服装公司向顾客发放购物券，以激励其回收旧衣。故填To encourage them to recycle their clothes.
33．根据题目要求可知，此处应给出2点减少快时尚危害的措施，并给出原因，开放性试题，言之成理即可。
①Make posters. As a student, I can make posters to promote the dangers of fast fashion and reduce its use.
②Remodel old clothes. As a student, I can buy less fast-fashion clothes and transform old clothes so that resources can be reused.
34．Yes. 35．The information about trees. 36．Poor, dangerous, hard but meaningful. 37．Many people are joining Tang and Li to do their parts in protecting trees. With everyone’s hard work, there will be more trees on the land.
【导语】本文主要讲述了一对夫妇做护林员保护树木的故事。
34．根据“Their two daughters lived with their grandparents.”可知，他们的两个女儿和爷爷奶奶一起居住，故填Yes.
35．根据“The information about trees is recorded in his notebooks every year, month and day.”可知，他在笔记本上记录的是树木的信息，故填The information about trees.
36．根据“His wife once thought about leaving because of the poor conditions and low pay.”和“Without enough electricity and phone signals for many years”可知，他们生活条件不好并且工资很低，过了很多年没有足够电和手机信号的生活，故填Poor, dangerous, hard but meaningful.
37．根据“They think they should do something.”可知，有很多人被他们的精神鼓舞，也想要做一些贡献，参考答案为：Many people are joining Tang and Li to do their parts in protecting trees. With everyone’s hard work, there will be more trees on the land.
38．B 39．E 40．A 41．C 42．Use less plastic and plant trees to improve air quality and biodiversity.
【导语】本文是关于如何保护地球的建议。
38．根据“Cut down on air conditioner.”可知，少用空调，选项B“打开窗户，让新鲜空气进来。”符合语境，故选B。
39．根据“We can use fewer plastic bottles.”可知，少用塑料瓶，选项E“如果我们用可重复使用的瓶子喝水会更好。”符合语境，故选E。
40．根据“Avoid food waste.”可知，本段建议避免浪费食物，选项A“尽量不要在你的盘子里留下任何食物。”符合语境，故选A。
41．根据“Or you can simply invite others to follow your lead! Working together will make you more powerful.”可知，可以通过共享学习到的知识来启发其他人保护地球，选项C“你可以和他们分享你学到的东西。”符合语境，故选C。
42．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Use less plastic and plant trees to improve air quality and biodiversity.
43． 3/three food wood droughts floods 44．In the shade of a tree. 45．Human has lost their best friends. 46．I think trees are human’s best friends, we should get on well with them. We should plant more trees for our grandsons and granddaughters.
【导语】本文主要讲述了树木在三个非常重要的方面对人类非常有用。
43．根据“Trees are useful to man in three very important ways.”可知，树木在三个非常重要的方面对人类有用，第一空应用3/three；根据“The first important way is that they provide man with food, wood and other products.”可知，树木为人类提供食物、木材和其他产品，第二空应用food，第三空应用wood；根据“The third important way is that trees help to prevent droughts and floods.”可知，树木有助于防止干旱和洪水，第四空应用droughts，第五空应用floods。故填3/three；food；wood；droughts；floods。
44．根据“On a hot summer day, people are eager to have a rest in the shade of a tree after they have walked a long way.”可知，在炎热的夏日，人们走了很长一段路后，渴望在树荫下休息。故填In the shade of a tree.
45．根据“They have cut trees down in large numbers. In the end, they find that they have lost the best friends they had.”可知，人类大量砍伐树木，最终，他们发现他们失去了曾经最好的朋友。故填Human has lost their best friends.
46．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I think trees are human’s best friends, we should get on well with them. We should plant more trees for our grandsons and granddaughters.
47．They wanted to raise money for their school to address the problem of the spotted lanternfly. 48．At first, they trapped the pests in empty water bottles and then killed them. 49．Using milkweed along with traps made for lanternflies would be a better way. 50．She learned that teamwork is important and two minds are better than one. 51．Joy Kochar is an environmentally conscious and proactive student who is willing to take action to solve problems and has a good understanding of teamwork.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是一个学校的孩子们为了消杀出现在学校的白蜡虫而付出努力的故事。这项活动体现了团队合作的重要性，也让参与者明白一个道理：两人智慧胜一人。
47．根据“The kids were hoping to raise money for their school to address a big problem: the spotted lanternfly (白蜡虫), whose number had recently increased rapidly in the area.”可知，他们这样做是为了募集一些资金，以用于消杀白蜡虫。故填They wanted to raise money for their school to address the problem of the spotted lanternfly.
48．根据“At first, they trapped (诱捕) the pests in empty water bottles and then killed them.”可知，起初，他们用空水瓶捕捉害虫，然后将它们杀死。故填At first, they trapped the pests in empty water bottles and then killed them.
49．根据“With research, she discovered a plant called milkweed (乳草) which is toxic (有毒的) to lanternflies. Joy decided that using milkweed along with traps made for lanternflies would be a better way to kill them.”可知。通过研究，她发现了一种叫做乳草的植物，这种植物对白蜡虫有毒。乔伊决定使用乳草和为白蜡虫制作的陷阱来杀死它们，这样会更好。故填Using milkweed along with traps made for lanternflies would be a better way.
50．根据“The effort would not have been a success without teamwork, Joy says. ‘I learned that two minds are better than one,’”可知，乔伊明白了如果没有团队合作，这项努力是不会成功的。两人智慧胜一人的道理。故填She learned that teamwork is important and two minds are better than one.
51．开放性作答，答案不唯一。参考回答：Joy Kochar is an environmentally conscious and proactive student who is willing to take action to solve problems and has a good understanding of teamwork.
52．Air pollution, land pollution and water pollution. 53．We can use up all things and buy fewer things./By using up all things and buying fewer things. 54．Keep the seas and rivers clean./Stop putting rubbish into the sea and river. 55．Nine./9. 56．Because he wants to play a part in saving the earth./To save the earth. 57．I usually go to school by bike instead of taking the car.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要提出了保护地球的几点建议。
52．根据“The earth is much worse than before because of serious pollution: air pollution, land pollution and water pollution.”可知，空气污染、土地污染和水污染让地球变得更糟。故填Air pollution, land pollution and water pollution.
53．根据“We should use up all things and buy fewer things, or we can make more rubbish.”可知，为了产生更少的垃圾，我们应该用尽所有的东西，少买点东西。故填We can use up all things and buy fewer things./By using up all things and buying fewer things.
54．根据“We can’t put rubbish into the sea and river.”可知，这一段主要讲要保持海洋和河流干净，不能往里扔垃圾。故填Keep the seas and rivers clean./Stop putting rubbish into the sea and river.
55．根据“A medium-sized tree makes 1.8 kilograms of O2 every hour”可知一棵中等大小的树每小时产生1.8公斤的氧气，5小时产生9公斤氧气。故填Nine./9.
56．根据“To make the earth a better place, everyone should learn to love our planet from now on. And everyone should play a part in saving the earth.”可知，麦克这么做是想保护地球。故填Because he wants to play a part in saving the earth./To save the earth.
57．开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。参考答案为：I usually go to school by bike instead of taking the car.
58．Wildlife 59．largest area 60．rainy and windy 61．Providing O2 62．polluted
【导语】本文介绍了中国湿地的基本情况，湿地的环境特点，有哪些生物，以及湿地的优点和现状。
58．根据“There are many tall trees.”；“The wetland is home to hundreds of kinds of insects and animals.”以及“They are home to all kinds of fishes and birds.”可知，湿地里有高大的树木，是数百种昆虫和动物的家园，也是各种鱼类和鸟类的家园，表格中应该填在湿地里生活的是“野生生物”，Wildlife“野生生物”，不可数名词。故填Wildlife。
59．根据“The area of wetlands in China takes the first place in Asia.”可知，中国拥有亚洲最多的湿地。largest area“最大面积的”。故填largest area。
60．根据“Wetlands usually have comfortable temperatures with lots of rain and wind.”可知湿地通常有舒适的温度，有很多雨和风。结合表格前的“are”，可知此处填形容词，rainy and windy“多雨多风的”。故填rainy and windy。
61．根据“Besides, more O, comes from wetlands because of their well-developed ecosystems (生态系统). ”可知，湿地生态系统发达，更多的氧气来自湿地，地球可以利用它来清洁空气。provide sth for“给……提供”，结合表格上方的“Providing food and living…”可知，此处用动名词形式，O2“氧气”。故填Providing O2。
62．根据“Wetlands can also protect the shoreline (海岸线) and clean water with pollution.”可知，湿地还可以保护海岸线和污染的清洁水。polluted water“被污染的水”。故填polluted。
63．6 million tons 64．the toxic chemicals 65．They have set up their recycling programs. 66．Whether e-waste can be valuable or harmful depends on how we deal with it. 67．随着电子产业的发展，电子垃圾污染已经成为一个严重/重大的问题。
【导语】本文介绍了电子垃圾（e-waste）的问题及其影响。随着电子产业的发展，电子垃圾污染已成为一个日益严重的问题。文章讨论了电子垃圾的产生情况、其价值与危害，并提出了回收和处理电子垃圾的解决方案。
63．根据“China came second, with 6 million tons. ”可知中国在2014年产生了6百万吨电子垃圾。故填6 million tons。
64．根据“But if people throw them away, the toxic (有毒的) chemicals can get into the earth or air, affecting the environment and people’s health.”可知有毒的化学物质会影响环境和人民的健康。故填the toxic chemicals。
65．根据“We can recycle it. Now some companies have set up their recycling programs.”可知一些公司建立循环利用项目来减少电子垃圾。故填They have set up their recycling programs.
66．根据第二段的内容，“E-waste is a valuable urban mine... But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals can get into the earth or air, affecting the environment and people’s health.”这段话说明，电子垃圾是否有价值或有害，取决于我们如何处理它。如果我们回收并再利用其中的金属，它将是宝贵的资源；如果随意丢弃，则会产生有毒化学物质，危害环境和健康。因此，故主题句是Whether e-waste can be valuable or harmful depends on how we deal with it.故填Whether e-waste can be valuable or harmful depends on how we deal with it.
67．with the development of“随着……的发展”；electronic industry“电子产业”；e-waste“电子垃圾”；pollution“污染”；has become“已经成为”；a serious problem“一个严重/重大的问题”。根据句子结构，表达的是电子垃圾污染随电子工业发展而逐渐加剧，故填：随着电子产业的发展，电子垃圾污染已经成为一个严重/重大的问题。
68．leads/is leading 69．human health 70．Mostly over cities. 71．Because it prevents them from watching stars. 72．No, I don’t. Because I can’t see many beautiful stars at night. (言之有理即可)
【导语】本文主要介绍了光污染，以及光污染会造成哪些影响。
68．根据“Today, air pollution is mainly caused by waste gases of cars, leading to climate change.”可知，空气污染正在导致气候变化。故填leads/is leading。
69．根据“Light pollution, the improper use of outdoor light, is influencing human health and wildlife behavior.”可知，光污染正在影响人类健康和野生动物的行为。故填human health。
70．根据“Sky glow is the brightening of the night sky, mostly over cities, because of the electric lights of cars, street lamps, offices, factories, outdoor advertising and buildings.”可知，人工白昼主要出现在城市上空。故填Mostly over cities.
71．根据“Astronomers are especially worried about sky glow pollution, because it prevents them from watching stars.”可知，天文学家担心光污染主要是因为这使他们无法观测恒星。故填Because it prevents them from watching stars.
72．本题是开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案为No, I don’t. Because I can’t see many beautiful stars at night.
73．plastic 74．50 million. 75．Bring your own utensils. 76．In a word, let’s take action to reduce the use of plastic. 77．显然，像水瓶和许多儿童玩具这样的物品是由塑料制成的。
【导语】本文倡导人们在日常生活中尽可能少地或避免使用塑料制品来保护环境，并介绍了避免使用塑料的方法。
73．根据“Like it or not, plastic is everywhere. ... But still it is difficult to live without it at present.”可知，目前没有塑料很难生活，it指代plastic。故填plastic。
74．根据“Americans buy 50 million plastic water bottles every year ...”可知，美国人每年购买5000万个塑料水瓶。故填50 million.
75．根据“Bring your own utensils (餐具) if you’re planning to eat outside.”可知，如果计划在外面吃饭，应该自带餐具。故填Bring your own utensils.
76．通读全文可知，本文主要是倡导人们在日常生活中尽可能少地或避免使用塑料制品来保护环境，并介绍了避免使用塑料的方法，文章最后一句“In a word, let’s take action to reduce the use of plastic.”，这句话明确表达了整篇文章的主旨和目的，即号召人们采取行动来减少使用塑料，是对文章内容的简明概括。故填In a word, let’s take action to reduce the use of plastic.
77．It is clear that...意为“显然……”，that引导主语从句，it为形式主语；items“物品”；like“像”；water bottles and many kids’ toys“水瓶和许多儿童玩具”；are made of...“由……组成”；plastic“塑料”。故填：显然，像水瓶和许多儿童玩具这样的物品是由塑料制成的。
78．Yes. 79．At 8:30 PM. 80．To protect the environment and reduce the pressure of cleaners in the science spot. 81．they can do something to reduce the rubbish and protect the environment.
【导语】本文介绍了甘肃省鸣沙山月牙泉景区举办“垃圾换礼物”活动，来保护环境和减轻景区清洁人员的压力。
78．根据“In order to protect the environment, the staff members in the scenic spot hold ‘Exchange (交换) Rubbish for Gifts’ activity, which is widely liked by visitors.”可知，游客喜欢“垃圾换礼物”活动，因此用肯定回答，故填Yes.
79．根据“As it’s quite hot in the desert during daytime, the activity begins at 8:30 PM every day.”可知，这个活动每天晚上8点30开始，故填At 8:30 PM。
80．根据“In order to protect the environment, the staff members in the scenic spot hold ‘Exchange (交换) Rubbish for Gifts’ activity, which is widely liked by visitors.”和“Another reason of holding the activity is to reduce the pressure of cleaners in the scenic spot.”可知，为保护环境和减轻景区清洁人员的压力，景区工作人员举办“垃圾换礼物”活动，故填To protect the environment and reduce the pressure of cleaners in the science spot.
81．根据“In order to protect the environment, the staff members in the scenic spot hold ‘Exchange (交换) Rubbish for Gifts’ activity, which is widely liked by visitors.”和“She had a great time at the scenic spot with her children. Her children were excited to pick up rubbish for gifts. She thinks the activity is educational.”可知，这个活动具有教育意义，教会孩子可以为减少垃圾和保护环境做一些事，故填they can do something to reduce the rubbish and protect the environment.
82．More than 300 million. 83．The company will donate or recycle the old shoes. / Shoes returned to these companies will be donated or recycled. 84．Because shoes often contain a mix of materials, such as fabric, rubber and leather, that are glued and stitched together. 85．I would like to keep them because they carry memories and I can repair and use them to reduce waste.
/I would like to return them to Take-Back programs because the shoes can be donated and recycled and I can also get a discount to buy new ones.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了人们回收旧鞋或修复旧鞋，保留旧鞋可以减少浪费，对环境有益。
82．根据第二段“In the United States, more than 300 million pairs of shoes end up in landfills each year.”可知，在美国，每年有超过3亿双鞋被扔进垃圾填埋场。故填More than 300 million.
83．根据“Shoes returned to these companies will be donated or recycled.”可知，这些公司的鞋子将被捐赠或回收。故填The company will donate or recycle the old shoes. / Shoes returned to these companies will be donated or recycled.
84．根据“Shoes often contain a mix of materials, such as fabric, rubber and leather, that are glued and stitched together.”可知，鞋子通常是混合了各种材料，如织物、橡胶和皮革，这些材料被粘合和缝合在一起，所以旧鞋的各个部分很难分离开。故填Because shoes often contain a mix of materials, such as fabric, rubber and leather, that are glued and stitched together.
85．根据“‘They carry memories of marathons or simply because they have been with us through so much.’ Madelyn Morgan, who works for the city points out. By repairing soles or replacing laces, old shoes can still serve their purpose for a while longer.”和“An increasing number of companies have Take-Back programs that allow customers to bring back old shoes instead of throwing them out. Shoes returned to these companies will be donated or recycled.”可知，旧鞋可以这样处理：有些旧鞋带着人们的美好回忆，通过修复，旧鞋仍然可以使用一段时间；有些公司有回收旧鞋项目，旧鞋将被捐赠或回收，甚至顾客还可以获得折扣购买新鞋。故填I would like to keep them because they carry memories and I can repair and use them to reduce waste./I would like to return them to Take-Back programs because the shoes can be donated and recycled and I can also get a discount to buy new ones.
86． An act of picking up rubbish while jogging. 87．He rides to work every day. 88．Recyclable rubbish bags and gloves. 89．It needs to take you 15 minutes to join the plogging. 90．It is good for the body and the environment.
【导语】本文主要介绍了很受欢迎的一项运动——慢跑捡垃