2026年中考英语备考复习 阅读七选五（含答案解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语专项训练 阅读七选五
一．短文还原（共10小题）
1．阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The flu （流感） is a common illness.During spring and winter，you may find people around you coughing or sniffing （抽鼻子）. （1） Here is some advice for you.
Keep your hands clean.You may keep yourself away from anyone coughing，but you're more likely to pick up cold viruses from something you touch.Cold viruses are often on door knobs （把手），as they're often touched. （2） "If there is no way to clean hands，try not to touch your eyes or nose，" says Dr Ross Walton. "This is a very common way for viruses to get into your body."
（3） When you're sleeping，your body is able to produce something to fight viruses.People who sleep for 7—8 hours a night have better immunity （免疫力） than those who sleep less.According to a health expert，if you don't have a good sleep during the night，a 30﹣minute daytime nap is enough to make up for it.
Do exercise. （4） Having a strong immune system gives you a chance of fighting the virus off before it makes you ill.You can play the sport that you enjoy most.For example，you can walk，run，swim or dance.
Get the flu jab （预防针）.To stay away from the flu， （5） "It's true that the jab can't help us fight against all kinds of flu，but it can save lives.I certainly have one every year，" says Dr Walton.
A．getting flu jabs is necessary and important.
B．Having enough sleep is important.
C．How can you stay away from the flu？
D．Get enough sleep.
E．Washing hands will keep you from picking up a virus.
F．It doesn't matter what kind of exercise.
G．It can make the immune system work better.
2． People who think in a positive way are happier，healthier，and get along better with others.Building habits that encourage you to think more positively is very important，especially when you're dealing with a lot of negative（消极）feelings like fear，sadness or stress.Everyone has negative thoughts and feelings sometimes.（1）
Notice every positive feeling you have during the day.Make a list of them.Then you can know more about the feelings you experience and the activities that cause them.（2）
（3） Let's say you choose confidence.What helps you feel confident？How can you get more of that feeling？You might get some encouragement from your parents before a test.Or maybe you stand up straighter and walk through the halls in a confident way，feeling strong.
Be grateful.Try your best to practice gratitude（感激）every day.（4） It could be like having a place to live，food，friends，family，even clean water.It's taking a moment to think about how lucky you are when something good happens.
Positive thoughts and feelings are powerful tools.（5） Try to create enough room for joy，fun，friendship，kindness and gratitude.Your life can be better.
A.Be confident when there is challenge.
B.Pick a positive feeling and make it stronger.
C.So，make a way for them in your everyday life.
D.Here are some useful tips for you to get encouragement.
E.This means noticing the things you usually pay little attention to.
F.For example，you might feel proud when you answer a question right.
G.However，you'd better get some training to look on the bright side as much as you can.
3．Big data is many sets of information that are put together to be used by a computer program.The computer program looks for different kinds of answers in the data.We can find different kinds of information from many sources in big data，such as information from the Internet，schools，companies，and governments.（1）
Another set can have what they like，how they go to school，and how much time they spend on the computer.
Big data can be helpful in many ways.The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains.（2） Some schools use big data to understand how many children need extra help in class.The teachers can then give these students more help or support.（3） It helps them understand their buyers better.For example，one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.
（4） For example，although some people have not done anything wrong，it may still predict that they break the law or hurt others.
How can big data be used for good and bad things？ （5） And they usually think in their own ways and then build a thinking model.The thinking model is used to look at and understand the data.
A.Companies use big data.too.
B.Big data can also be used in other fields.
C.However，big data can also bring trouble.
D.One set of data can have people's names and addresses.
E.Computer engineers write programs to understand big data.
F.The information is then used to improve bus or train services.
G.Big data is so large that it's difficult to process in traditional ways.
4． Nearly everyone is shy in some ways.Some are born shy while others become shy because of too much unhappiness.（1） They may always wonder：What kind of impression am I making？Do the people around like me？Am I wearing unfashionable clothes？
Since shyness makes people feel uncomfortable，why not try to overcome（克服） it？ （2）
Keep a diary to find out the cause of your fears.By writing down your thoughts and fears，you can know more about yourself.
（3） For example，if you' re going to a party，you'd better find out who will be there and what they will do.Think about what you would like to say ahead of time.In this way，you' ll feel it much easier to communicate with others.
Make simple changes in body language.（4） "S"stands for"smile"."O"is for"open"（always leave your legs and arms uncrossed）， "F"for"forward"， "T"for"touch"， "E"for"eye contact"and"N"for"nod"（showing you' re listening and understanding）.
No one ever gets over shyness completely.（5） So if you fail to beat shyness completely，don't feel stressed.At least you can give other people a chance to know more about you!
A.The reasons why they are shy remain a secret.
B.The word"SOFTEN"may be helpful to you.
C.Shy people usually care too much about their own actions.
D.Prepare yourself for being with others in groups.
E.Don't pay too much attention to the people around you.
F.But most people do learn to live with their shyness.
G.Here are some suggestions from psychologists.
5． Have you ever had an experience where you meet someone new，learn their name and think to yourself，"（1） "What does this mean，exactly？Scientists are suggesting that humans like to connect people's names with their appearance.（2）
Researchers at the Hebrew University collected thousands of photos of people's faces.They labelled（贴标签）each photo with four names.（3） The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38 per cent of the time.It seems that humans are able to recognize certain characteristics of faces that can give them clues （线索） about someone's name，Reader 's Digest reported.
However，this only works when we're looking at names within our own culture.In addition，the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who use nicknames （昵称） more often than their real names.（4）
The studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes（种族刻板印象）can affect a person's appearance.The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names.For example.people prefer to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round.（5） They expect them to be delicate （娇弱的） and feminine （有女性气质的），just like the flower they are named for.
A.Wow，they really look just like their name!
B.There are several ways to guess a stranger's name.
C.People may think that women named Rose are beautiful.
D.Some can even guess others' names based on how they look.
E.Then，they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct.
F.This shows that a person's appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often.
G.This kind of face﹣name matching happens as we become what others expect us to become.
6． The Chinese dragon，also known as the"loong"，is important in Chinese legends（传说） and Chinese culture. （1） In ancient times，the dragon was seen as an ability of controlling the weather and bringing rain. （2） But Chinese people have loved it so much for thousands of years.And they call themselves the"descendants（后代） of the dragon".
Heroes in many Chinese legends flew on dragons or looked to dragons for help.In Journey to the West，the Monkey King got the golden cudgel（金箍棒） from the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea.（3） And it became his helper.
There are many old Chinese sayings about the dragon.For example，one saying refers to a story about Lord Ye，who liked dragons very much，and had dragon decorations all over his house.His love of dragons became so well known that one day a real dragon decided to pay him a visit.At the first sight of the dragon，Lord Ye ran away in fear. （4） The saying"Lord Ye loved dragons" is used in the same way as"He talks the talk，but can't walk the walk"is used in English.
（5） In the story，he painted four dragons on a wall but did not fill in the eyes.Since the paintings were so beautiful and realistic，many people wished that Zhang could finish the painting.As soon as he finished the eyes on the first two dragons，the sky drew dark，and there was a lightning flash.The two dragons with painted eyes came to life and flew away，up into the clouds.Inspired by this，the saying"Pain the dragon and dot the eye"means to add the final and key point.
In short，the dragon is considered an important and admired part of Chinese culture.It is something that should be welcomed.
A.Also，a son of the Dragon King of the Western Sea turned into Monk Tang's white horse. B.The Chinese dragon is thought as friendly and brings good luck and wealth. C.Another saying comes from a story about the 6th﹣century painter Zhang Sengyao. D.Of the 12 animals of the Chinese animal signs，the dragon is the only unreal one. E.In fact，he is really crazy about everything about dragons in his life. F.It seems that he did not really love dragons，and he just loved the idea of dragons. G.Western people love the image of "loong"as well.
7． Have you seen any advertisements like"zero calories and no weight gain？" It is an advertisement about diet soft drinks.Are diet soft drinks really a good choice？（1）
Some people think diet soft drinks are healthier.Because they don't have sugar or calories.（2） .
In fact，diet soft drinks have some sugar，although very little.If there is 0.5 grams of sugar or less in a 100﹣gram drink，it can be described as a diet soft drink. （3） That is because there are artificial sweeteners （人工甜味剂） in these drinks.
When you eat sweet tasting things like sugar，you seem to want more.Your brain tells your body to prepare itself for more sugar. （4） Then you may want to drink more.
Some people don't like to drink water.They like to drink diet soft drinks. （5） Diet soft drinks can damage your teeth.The artificial sweeteners inside are also bad for your health.If you want to stay healthy，you should drink water instead of diet soft drinks.
A.Although diet soft drinks have little sugar，They still taste sweet. B.When you drink diet soft drinks，your brain receives the sweet signal. C.It is a question worth discussing. D.In fact，this is not a good choice. E.They think it is bad for them. F.They think drinking this can help them lose weight. G.It is necessary to drink more water and exercise every day.
8． In China，more and more vacationers want to spend their spare time at lesser﹣known vacation lands to have unique，relaxing holiday experiences.（1） .
According to data from the online travel agency Qunar，as cited by Beijing Daily，during the May Day，the number of rooms booked at hotels in less traveled cities during the holiday was up 30% year one year.（2） .Some young people who have little time for themselves only stayed at a hotel to make the holiday more relaxing.
Dai Bin，president of the China Tourism Academy，told Beijing Daily，"（3） ."As people become more mature（成熟的）travelers，they don't want to follow the crowd.Some of them only want to take a rest somewhere quiet for several days to experience the local culture deeply.
In addition，lesser﹣known attractions are not as "commercial（商业的）" and "standardized" as developed ones.（4） .And unlike popular destinations，some under﹣explored（未充分开发的） places with little online showing can also offer more surprises.
"The rise of reverse tourism（逆向旅游） is not a bad thing，"said an opinion piece in Zhengzhou Daily."（5） .It also brings more possibilities to the tourism market，" the article explains. "More importantly，the trend is set to force popular destinations to better themselves instead of resting on their past honor."
A．They can offer more real and natural experiences
B．It means that vacationers now have more chances
C．Travelers prefer to choose some places that don't cost too much
D．Tourism was once about sightseeing，but now it is about experiences
E．"Reserve tourism" becomes a new fashion among vacationers in China
F．So travelers have become more careful to choose places with fewer tourists
G．Vacationers avoided popular holiday destinations to enjoy some peace and quiet
9．（1） Now the old "been there，seen that" type is changing.Last year，experiential（体验式） travel was popular.Tourists looked for ways to get to know local culture and made themselves look like local people rather than outsiders.So what about this year？ （2）
Transformative（改造式） travel
Transformative travel is very much like "experiential travel"，but takes a step further.It usually takes three steps.Firstly，you go to a place with a different background. （3） And finally you return home and apply（运用） what you have learned to your life.This last step is the difference between the two types.
Visiting disappearing places
（4） Everett Potter，a USA Today writer，says that the South Pole（极） and the North Pole have both become popular places.Another popular place is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia，which might disappear in the near future.
Green Travel
Going green will be one of the most popular ways this year.One way to plan a green trip is to travel a shorter distance（距离）. （5） Another way is to choose a place that will benefit（受益） the most from your trip.For example，places like Nepal will make a lot of money through the local tourist industry and develop quickly.
A．It can help to protect the environment.
B．But there are some ways to save money when traveling.
C．Then you learn new culture and get to know new people.
D．Can tourists get even more from their traveling experiences？
E．You can hardly tell the difference between tourists and local people.
F．Disappearing places are welcoming an increasing number of tourists.
G．To some people，traveling is all about the number of places they've been to.
10．There are more and more entrepreneurs（创业家） around the world these days，and some of them even started at a very young age.Entrepreneurs work on solving real problems of real people and on improving the world.（1） They see possibilities while common person only sees problems.
Importance of Entrepreneurs
So the world needs entrepreneurs to solve its problems，but entrepreneurs are also important to the local society too.Why？They create jobs：Without entrepreneurs，we wouldn't have any jobs.（2） They create change：Because of their great purposes，their ideas and work can often help to change the world.Therefore，we need people who take action，work towards a better future，and create chances for growth in order for our community to move forward.
Characteristics of Entrepreneurs
Seen from a more personal level，what makes out an entrepreneur？What qualities do they have？
Willingness to take risks
Building your own company is risky.（3） When it comes to entrepreneurs，their hunger for challenges is stronger than their fear.They enjoy challenging their comfort zone（区）.
（4）
The best ideas are the result of many brains coming together to solve a problem.For that reason，entrepreneurs gladly listen to the opinions of others and ask for advice in order to have the best chances of success.
Looking for chances
The world is full of challenges and chances.Entrepreneurs have learned to look for chances and to use this to push forward.（5） Instead，they feel powerful to take action.
A．Openness for receiving advice
B．Finding ways to solve problems
C．They won't let big challenges stress them out.
D．Here are some ways to become young entrepreneurs.
E．You are creating something from nothing，and unsure if you can succeed.
F．They open up a great many work chances for others by starting businesses.
G．Because of these purposes，many of the biggest change makers are entrepreneurs.
中考英语专项训练 阅读七选五
参考答案与试题解析
一．短文还原（共10小题）
1．阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The flu （流感） is a common illness.During spring and winter，you may find people around you coughing or sniffing （抽鼻子）. （1） C Here is some advice for you.
Keep your hands clean.You may keep yourself away from anyone coughing，but you're more likely to pick up cold viruses from something you touch.Cold viruses are often on door knobs （把手），as they're often touched. （2） E "If there is no way to clean hands，try not to touch your eyes or nose，" says Dr Ross Walton. "This is a very common way for viruses to get into your body."
（3） D When you're sleeping，your body is able to produce something to fight viruses.People who sleep for 7—8 hours a night have better immunity （免疫力） than those who sleep less.According to a health expert，if you don't have a good sleep during the night，a 30﹣minute daytime nap is enough to make up for it.
Do exercise. （4） G Having a strong immune system gives you a chance of fighting the virus off before it makes you ill.You can play the sport that you enjoy most.For example，you can walk，run，swim or dance.
Get the flu jab （预防针）.To stay away from the flu， （5） A "It's true that the jab can't help us fight against all kinds of flu，but it can save lives.I certainly have one every year，" says Dr Walton.
A．getting flu jabs is necessary and important.
B．Having enough sleep is important.
C．How can you stay away from the flu？
D．Get enough sleep.
E．Washing hands will keep you from picking up a virus.
F．It doesn't matter what kind of exercise.
G．It can make the immune system work better.
【答案】（1）C
（2）E
（3）D
（4）G
（5）A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了流感这一常见疾病，并通过具体的建议指导读者如何预防流感。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文"The flu （流感） is a common illness.During spring and winter，you may find people around you coughing or sniffing （抽鼻子）."（流感是一种常见病。在春天和冬天，你可能会发现你周围的人咳嗽或抽鼻子。）可知，上文提到了流感的普遍性和症状表现，接下来应该引出如何避免感染流感的方法。C项"你如何能避免得流感？"自然地引导出了下文给出的一系列预防流感的建议。故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文"Cold viruses are often on door knobs （把手），as they're often touched."（感冒病毒经常出现在门把手上，因为它们经常被触摸。）可知，感冒病毒经常存在于门把手上，因为它们常被触摸。紧接着应该是一个总结性的句子来强调洗手的重要性。选项E"洗手可以防止你感染病毒。"可作为该段落的总结句，进一步强调洗手可以防止病毒接触传播的重要性。故选E。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文"When you're sleeping，your body is able to produce something to fight viruses.People who sleep for 7—8 hours a night have better immunity （免疫力） than those who sleep less."（当你睡觉的时候，你的身体能够产生一些东西来对抗病毒。每晚睡7—8小时的人比睡得少的人免疫力更好。）中提到睡眠对于免疫系统的重要性，可知前面需要一个能引入睡眠重要性的句子。选项D"获得充足的睡眠。"直接点明了充足睡眠的重要性。故选D。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文"Do exercise."（做运动）可知本段讨论运动的好处，特别是它对增强免疫系统的帮助。这里需要一个能够概括运动对免疫系统影响的句子，选项G"它可以使免疫系统更好地工作。"说明了运动能够改善免疫系统功能的作用。故选G。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文"To stay away from the flu，（为了远离流感，）和下文 'It's true that the jab can't help us fight against all kinds of flu，but it can save lives.I certainly have one every year，' says Dr Walton."（诚然，注射疫苗不能帮助我们对抗各种流感，但它可以拯救生命。沃尔顿博士说，我当然每年都要做一次。）可以看出，作者在讨论接种流感疫苗的重要性。因此，空处应该是一个强调接种流感疫苗必要性和重要性的句子，选项A "接种流感疫苗是必要且重要的。"符合语境。故选A。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
2． People who think in a positive way are happier，healthier，and get along better with others.Building habits that encourage you to think more positively is very important，especially when you're dealing with a lot of negative（消极）feelings like fear，sadness or stress.Everyone has negative thoughts and feelings sometimes.（1） D
Notice every positive feeling you have during the day.Make a list of them.Then you can know more about the feelings you experience and the activities that cause them.（2） F
（3） B Let's say you choose confidence.What helps you feel confident？How can you get more of that feeling？You might get some encouragement from your parents before a test.Or maybe you stand up straighter and walk through the halls in a confident way，feeling strong.
Be grateful.Try your best to practice gratitude（感激）every day.（4） E It could be like having a place to live，food，friends，family，even clean water.It's taking a moment to think about how lucky you are when something good happens.
Positive thoughts and feelings are powerful tools.（5） C Try to create enough room for joy，fun，friendship，kindness and gratitude.Your life can be better.
A.Be confident when there is challenge.
B.Pick a positive feeling and make it stronger.
C.So，make a way for them in your everyday life.
D.Here are some useful tips for you to get encouragement.
E.This means noticing the things you usually pay little attention to.
F.For example，you might feel proud when you answer a question right.
G.However，you'd better get some training to look on the bright side as much as you can.
【答案】DFBEC
【分析】短文主要讲述了积极思维的重要性，并提供了几种培养积极思维的方法。首先，积极思维能让人更快乐、健康，与他人相处更好。其次，文章建议关注每天的积极感受，并列出它们以更好地了解这些感受的来源。第三，选择一种积极的感受并加强它，例如自信。第四，要心存感激，珍惜生活中的小确幸。最后，强调积极思维和感受是强大的工具，应在日常生活中创造更多空间来容纳它们，使生活变得更好。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文Everyone has negative thoughts and feelings sometimes.（每个人有时都会有消极的想法和感受。）和下文的建议，可知此处是承上启下的句子，引出下文建议。D选项"这里有一些有用的提示，让你得到鼓励。"符合题意。故选D。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文Then you can know more about the feelings you experience and the activities that cause them.（这样你就能更多地了解自己的感受以及导致这些感受的活动。）可知此处举例说明积极思维带来的感受。F选项"例如，当你答对一个问题时，你可能会感到自豪。"符合题意。故选F。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文Let's say you choose confidence.（比方说，你选择自信。）可知此处建议选择积极的思维。B选项"选择一种积极的感觉，让它变得更强烈。"符合题意。故选B。
（4）细节推理题。根据下文It could be like having a place to live，food，friends，family，even clean water.（它可以是一个住处、食物、朋友、家人，甚至是干净的水。）可知此处建议要感恩生活中的小事。E选项"这意味着注意那些你通常很少注意的事情。"符合题意。故选E。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文Positive thoughts and feelings are powerful tools.（积极的思想和情感是强有力的工具。）可知此处建议在日常生活中要使用积极的思想。C选项"所以，在你的日常生活中为他们开辟一条道路。"符合题意。故选C。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出提示句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
3．Big data is many sets of information that are put together to be used by a computer program.The computer program looks for different kinds of answers in the data.We can find different kinds of information from many sources in big data，such as information from the Internet，schools，companies，and governments.（1） D
Another set can have what they like，how they go to school，and how much time they spend on the computer.
Big data can be helpful in many ways.The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains.（2） F Some schools use big data to understand how many children need extra help in class.The teachers can then give these students more help or support.（3） A It helps them understand their buyers better.For example，one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.
（4） C For example，although some people have not done anything wrong，it may still predict that they break the law or hurt others.
How can big data be used for good and bad things？ （5） E And they usually think in their own ways and then build a thinking model.The thinking model is used to look at and understand the data.
A.Companies use big data.too.
B.Big data can also be used in other fields.
C.However，big data can also bring trouble.
D.One set of data can have people's names and addresses.
E.Computer engineers write programs to understand big data.
F.The information is then used to improve bus or train services.
G.Big data is so large that it's difficult to process in traditional ways.
【答案】DFACE
【分析】文章主要介绍了大数据。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文We can find different kinds of information from many sources in big data，such as information from the Internet，schools，companies，and governments.（我们可以从大数据的许多来源中找到不同种类的信息，例如来自互联网、学校、公司和政府的信息。）可知此句提到了大数据，故"一组数据可以有人们的姓名和地址"符合语境，故选D。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains.（政府用它来了解有多少人乘坐公共汽车或火车。）可知此句提到了大数据用于公共汽车或火车，故"这些信息随后被用于改善公共汽车或火车服务"符合语境，故选F。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文For example，one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.（例如，一家公司利用天气数据来观察人们什么时候吃冰淇淋最多。 ）可知此句提到了大数据对公司的帮助，故"公司也使用大数据"符合语境，故选A。
（4）细节推理题。根据下文For example，although some people have not done anything wrong，it may still predict that they break the law or hurt others.（比如，有些人虽然没有做错什么，但它仍然可能预测到他们触犯了法律或者伤害了他人。）可知此句提到了大数据带来的麻烦，故"然而，大数据也会带来麻烦"符合语境，故选C。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文And they usually think in their own ways and then build a thinking model.（它们通常以自己的方式思考，然后建立一个思维模式。）可知此句提到了计算机程序，故"计算机工程师编写程序来理解大数据"符合语境，故选E。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
4． Nearly everyone is shy in some ways.Some are born shy while others become shy because of too much unhappiness.（1） C They may always wonder：What kind of impression am I making？Do the people around like me？Am I wearing unfashionable clothes？
Since shyness makes people feel uncomfortable，why not try to overcome（克服） it？ （2） G
Keep a diary to find out the cause of your fears.By writing down your thoughts and fears，you can know more about yourself.
（3） D For example，if you' re going to a party，you'd better find out who will be there and what they will do.Think about what you would like to say ahead of time.In this way，you' ll feel it much easier to communicate with others.
Make simple changes in body language.（4） B "S"stands for"smile"."O"is for"open"（always leave your legs and arms uncrossed）， "F"for"forward"， "T"for"touch"， "E"for"eye contact"and"N"for"nod"（showing you' re listening and understanding）.
No one ever gets over shyness completely.（5） F So if you fail to beat shyness completely，don't feel stressed.At least you can give other people a chance to know more about you!
A.The reasons why they are shy remain a secret.
B.The word"SOFTEN"may be helpful to you.
C.Shy people usually care too much about their own actions.
D.Prepare yourself for being with others in groups.
E.Don't pay too much attention to the people around you.
F.But most people do learn to live with their shyness.
G.Here are some suggestions from psychologists.
【答案】CGDBF
【分析】本文主要介绍了害羞的原因和克服害羞的方法。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据下文They may always wonder：What kind of impression am I making？Do the people around like me？Am I wearing unfashionable clothes？（他们可能总是在想：我给别人留下了什么样的印象？周围的人喜欢我吗？我穿的衣服不时尚吗？）可知，此处指害羞的人内心想的事情，选项C"害羞的人通常太在意自己的行为。"符合题意。故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据下文Keep a diary to find out the cause of your fears.（坚持写日记，找出你恐惧的原因。）Make simple changes in body language.（在肢体语言上做一些简单的改变。）和No one ever gets over shyness completely.（没有人能完全克服害羞。）可知，此处指一些建议，选项G"这里有一些心理学家的建议。"符合题意。故选G。
（3）段落大意题。根据下文For example，if you' re going to a party，you'd better find out who will be there and what they will do.（例如，如果你要去参加一个聚会，你最好弄清楚谁会在那里，他们会做什么。）可知，此处指准备好和其他人在一起，选项D"准备好与他人在一起。"符合题意。故选D。
（4）细节推理题。根据下文"S"stands for"smile"."O"is for"open"（always leave your legs and arms uncrossed）， "F"for"forward"， "T"for"touch"， "E"for"eye contact"and"N"for"nod"（showing you' re listening and understanding）.（"S"代表"微笑"。"O"代表"打开"（永远不要交叉双腿和手臂），"F"代表"向前"，"T"代表"触摸"，"E"代表"目光接触"，"N"代表"点头"（表示你在倾听和理解）。）可知，此处指"SOFTEN"代表的意思，选项B""SOFTEN"这个词可能对你有帮助。"符合题意。故选B。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文No one ever gets over shyness completely.（没有人能完全克服害羞。）和下文So if you fail to beat shyness completely，don't feel stressed.At least you can give other people a chance to know more about you!（所以，如果你不能完全克服害羞，不要感到压力。至少你可以给别人一个机会更多地了解你！）可知，此处应该是跟他们的羞涩共存，选项F"但是大多数人都学会了与他们的羞涩共存。"符合题意。故选F。
【点评】通读全文，在理解文意的基础上，结合上下文信息，选出合适的选项，使文章语义通顺，结构完整。
5． Have you ever had an experience where you meet someone new，learn their name and think to yourself，"（1） A "What does this mean，exactly？Scientists are suggesting that humans like to connect people's names with their appearance.（2） D
Researchers at the Hebrew University collected thousands of photos of people's faces.They labelled（贴标签）each photo with four names.（3） E The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38 per cent of the time.It seems that humans are able to recognize certain characteristics of faces that can give them clues （线索） about someone's name，Reader 's Digest reported.
However，this only works when we're looking at names within our own culture.In addition，the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who use nicknames （昵称） more often than their real names.（4） F
The studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes（种族刻板印象）can affect a person's appearance.The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names.For example.people prefer to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round.（5） C They expect them to be delicate （娇弱的） and feminine （有女性气质的），just like the flower they are named for.
A.Wow，they really look just like their name!
B.There are several ways to guess a stranger's name.
C.People may think that women named Rose are beautiful.
D.Some can even guess others' names based on how they look.
E.Then，they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct.
F.This shows that a person's appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often.
G.This kind of face﹣name matching happens as we become what others expect us to become.
【答案】ADEFC
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于人名和外貌之间关系的研究。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据前文"Have you ever had an experience where you meet someone new，learn their name and think to yourself..."（你是否曾有过这样的经历：遇到一个新的人，学会了他们的名字，并对自己说...）可知，空处应是对该经历的感叹，结合选项，A选项"Wow，they really look just like their name!"（哇，他们看起来真的像他们的名字！）符合情境，故选A。
（2）细节推理题。根据前文"Scientists are suggesting that humans like to connect people's names with their appearance."（科学家表示，人类喜欢把人们的名字和外表联系起来。）可知，空处应描述人们根据外貌猜名字的能力，结合选项，D选项"Some can even guess others' names based on how they look."（有些人甚至可以根据外貌猜出他人的名字。）符合情境，故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据前文"Researchers...labelled each photo with four names."（研究人员给每张照片贴上了四个名字标签。）可知，空处应描述实验的步骤，结合选项，E选项"Then，they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct."（然后，他们请志愿者猜测四个名字中的哪一个是正确的。）符合情境，故选E。
（4）细节推理题。根据前文"the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who use nicknames more often than their real names."（志愿者在猜测经常使用昵称而非真名的人时表现不佳。）可知，空处应进一步解释这一现象，结合选项，F选项"This shows that a person's appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often."（这表明只有当人们经常使用名字时，他们的外貌才会受名字的影响。）符合情境，故选F。
（5）细节推理题。根据前文"people prefer to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round."（人们倾向于认为名叫Bob的男性应该有圆脸，因为这个词本身看起来圆圆的。）可知，空处应是对其他名字外貌刻板印象的例子，结合选项，C选项"People may think that women named Rose are beautiful."（人们可能会认为名叫Rose的女性很美丽。）符合情境，故选C。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
6． The Chinese dragon，also known as the"loong"，is important in Chinese legends（传说） and Chinese culture. （1） B In ancient times，the dragon was seen as an ability of controlling the weather and bringing rain. （2） D But Chinese people have loved it so much for thousands of years.And they call themselves the"descendants（后代） of the dragon".
Heroes in many Chinese legends flew on dragons or looked to dragons for help.In Journey to the West，the Monkey King got the golden cudgel（金箍棒） from the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea.（3） A And it became his helper.
There are many old Chinese sayings about the dragon.For example，one saying refers to a story about Lord Ye，who liked dragons very much，and had dragon decorations all over his house.His love of dragons became so well known that one day a real dragon decided to pay him a visit.At the first sight of the dragon，Lord Ye ran away in fear. （4） F The saying"Lord Ye loved dragons" is used in the same way as"He talks the talk，but can't walk the walk"is used in English.
（5） C In the story，he painted four dragons on a wall but did not fill in the eyes.Since the paintings were so beautiful and realistic，many people wished that Zhang could finish the painting.As soon as he finished the eyes on the first two dragons，the sky drew dark，and there was a lightning flash.The two dragons with painted eyes came to life and flew away，up into the clouds.Inspired by this，the saying"Pain the dragon and dot the eye"means to add the final and key point.
In short，the dragon is considered an important and admired part of Chinese culture.It is something that should be welcomed.
A.Also，a son of the Dragon King of the Western Sea turned into Monk Tang's white horse. B.The Chinese dragon is thought as friendly and brings good luck and wealth. C.Another saying comes from a story about the 6th﹣century painter Zhang Sengyao. D.Of the 12 animals of the Chinese animal signs，the dragon is the only unreal one. E.In fact，he is really crazy about everything about dragons in his life. F.It seems that he did not really love dragons，and he just loved the idea of dragons. G.Western people love the image of "loong"as well.
【答案】BDAFC
【分析】短文说的是中国龙，在中国文化和传说中占据重要地位。古时被视为能控制天气、带来雨水的神兽，深受中国人民喜爱，自称为"龙的传人"。许多传说中的英雄都曾骑龙或求助于龙。龙是中国文化中受重视和仰慕的象征，应被欢迎。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文The Chinese dragon，also known as the"loong"，is important in Chinese legends（传说） and Chinese culture.（中国龙，也被称为"龙"，在中国传说和中国文化中很重要。）可知，说的是龙在中国传说和中国文化中很重要。结合选项可知，B项"中国龙被认为是友好的，会带来好运和财富。"符合语境。故选B。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文In ancient times，the dragon was seen as an ability of controlling the weather and bringing rain.（在古代，龙被视为控制天气和带来雨水的能力。）可知，说的是龙的地位，结合选项可知，D项"在中国的十二生肖中，龙是唯一不真实的。"符合语境。故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据上文Journey to the West，the Monkey King got the golden cudgel（金箍棒） from the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea.（《西游记》中，孙悟空从东海龙王那里得到了金箍棒。）可知，说的是《西游记》的故事情节，结合选项可知，A项"还有，西海龙王的一个儿子变成了唐僧的白马。"符合语境。故选A。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文At the first sight of the dragon，Lord Ye ran away in fear..（看到龙的第一眼，叶公害怕地走开了。）可知，说的是叶公不是真的喜欢龙，结合选项可知，F项"看起来他并不是真的喜欢龙，他只是喜欢龙的想法。"符合语境。故选F。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文In the story，he painted four dragons on a wall but did not fill in the eyes.（故事中，他在一面墙上画了四条龙，但没有填上眼睛。）可知，说的是画龙点睛的故事，结合选项可知，C项"另一种说法来自6世纪画家张僧繇的故事。"符合语境。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，了解文章大意，联系上下文，结合语境，选择合适的句子填空。
7． Have you seen any advertisements like"zero calories and no weight gain？" It is an advertisement about diet soft drinks.Are diet soft drinks really a good choice？（1） C
Some people think diet soft drinks are healthier.Because they don't have sugar or calories.（2） F .
In fact，diet soft drinks have some sugar，although very little.If there is 0.5 grams of sugar or less in a 100﹣gram drink，it can be described as a diet soft drink. （3） A That is because there are artificial sweeteners （人工甜味剂） in these drinks.
When you eat sweet tasting things like sugar，you seem to want more.Your brain tells your body to prepare itself for more sugar. （4） B Then you may want to drink more.
Some people don't like to drink water.They like to drink diet soft drinks. （5） D Diet soft drinks can damage your teeth.The artificial sweeteners inside are also bad for your health.If you want to stay healthy，you should drink water instead of diet soft drinks.
A.Although diet soft drinks have little sugar，They still taste sweet. B.When you drink diet soft drinks，your brain receives the sweet signal. C.It is a question worth discussing. D.In fact，this is not a good choice. E.They think it is bad for them. F.They think drinking this can help them lose weight. G.It is necessary to drink more water and exercise every day.
【答案】CFABD
【分析】本文讨论了无糖软饮料是否为健康选择的问题。
【解答】 （1）细节推理题。根据上文Are diet soft drinks really a good choice？（减肥软饮料真的是个不错的选择吗？）可知要讨论是否是不错的选择。C项"这是一个值得讨论的问题。"符合题意。故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文Because they don't have sugar or calories.（因为它们没有糖也没有热量。）可知这种饮料不含糖，F项"他们认为喝这种无糖软饮料可以帮助他们减肥。"符合题意。故选F。
（3）细节推理题。根据上文That is because there are artificial sweeteners in these drinks.（这是因为这些饮料中含有人造甜味剂。）可知说的是味道甜的原因。A项"减肥软饮料虽然含糖量很低，但味道还是很甜。"符合题意。故选A。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文Your brain tells your body to prepare itself for more sugar.（你的大脑告诉你的身体为更多的糖做好准备。）可知说的与大脑有关。B项"当你喝无糖软饮料时，你的大脑会接收到甜味信号。"符合题意。故选B。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文Diet soft drinks can damage your teeth.（无糖软饮料会损坏你的牙齿。）可知说的是无糖软饮料的不足。D项"事实上，这不是一个好的选择。"符合题意。故选D。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
8． In China，more and more vacationers want to spend their spare time at lesser﹣known vacation lands to have unique，relaxing holiday experiences.（1） E .
According to data from the online travel agency Qunar，as cited by Beijing Daily，during the May Day，the number of rooms booked at hotels in less traveled cities during the holiday was up 30% year one year.（2） D .Some young people who have little time for themselves only stayed at a hotel to make the holiday more relaxing.
Dai Bin，president of the China Tourism Academy，told Beijing Daily，"（3） G ."As people become more mature（成熟的）travelers，they don't want to follow the crowd.Some of them only want to take a rest somewhere quiet for several days to experience the local culture deeply.
In addition，lesser﹣known attractions are not as "commercial（商业的）" and "standardized" as developed ones.（4） A .And unlike popular destinations，some under﹣explored（未充分开发的） places with little online showing can also offer more surprises.
"The rise of reverse tourism（逆向旅游） is not a bad thing，"said an opinion piece in Zhengzhou Daily."（5） B .It also brings more possibilities to the tourism market，" the article explains. "More importantly，the trend is set to force popular destinations to better themselves instead of resting on their past honor."
A．They can offer more real and natural experiences
B．It means that vacationers now have more chances
C．Travelers prefer to choose some places that don't cost too much
D．Tourism was once about sightseeing，but now it is about experiences
E．"Reserve tourism" becomes a new fashion among vacationers in China
F．So travelers have become more careful to choose places with fewer tourists
G．Vacationers avoided popular holiday destinations to enjoy some peace and quiet
【答案】EDGAB
【分析】在中国，越来越多的度假者希望在最不知名的度假地度过他们的闲暇时光，以获得独特而放松的假期体验。逆向旅游成为了一种新时尚，人们避开热门的旅游目的地，选择宁静之处享受宁静。据去哪儿网的数据显示，在五一假期期间，不常去的城市的酒店预订数量比去年同期增长了30%，一些年轻人甚至只在酒店休息，以使假期更加放松。中国旅游学院院长戴斌表示，随着游客变得更加成熟，他们不愿随大流，一些人只想在安静的地方休息几天，深入体验当地文化。此外，未充分开发的景点不像成熟的景点那样"商业化"和"标准化"，可以提供更真实自然体验，这种趋势还可能促使热门目的地改善服务，而不是满足于过去的荣誉。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文"In China，more and more vacationers want to spend their spare time at lesser﹣known vacation lands to have unique，relaxing holiday experiences."（在中国，越来越多的度假者希望利用业余时间到鲜为人知的度假胜地体验独特、放松的假期。）可知，此处应是引出"逆向旅游"这一主题，选项E"'逆向旅游'成为中国年轻度假者的一种新时尚。"符合语境，故选E。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文"the number of rooms booked at hotels in less traveled cities during the holiday was up 30% year one year."（旅游较少城市的酒店在假期期间的客房预订量同比增长了 30%。）及下文"Some young people who have little time for themselves only stayed at a hotel to make the holiday more relaxing."（有些年轻人很少有自己的时间，为了让假期更轻松，他们只住在酒店里。）可知，此处应是介绍旅游方式的转变。选项D"旅游过去是为了观光，但现在是为了体验。"符合语境，故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文"As people become more mature （成熟的） travelers，...to experience the local culture deeply."（随着人们越来越成熟的游客，......深入体验当地文化）可知，此处应是讲述人们选择人数较少的旅游地的原因，选项G"度假者避开受欢迎的度假目的地，以享受一些宁静。"符合语境，故选G。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文"In addition，lesser﹣known attractions are not as 'commercial （商业的）' and 'standardized' as developed ones."（此外，不太知名的景点不像发达景点那样"商业化"和"标准化"。）可推测，此处是指不太知名的景点会有更真实的体验感，选项A"它们可以提供更真实和自然的体验。"符合语境，故选A。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文"It also brings more possibilities to the tourism market"（它还为旅游市场带来了更多可能性）可知，此处是介绍"逆向旅游"的好处，选项B"这意味着度假者现在有了更多的选择。"符合语境，故选B。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出提示句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
9．（1） G Now the old "been there，seen that" type is changing.Last year，experiential（体验式） travel was popular.Tourists looked for ways to get to know local culture and made themselves look like local people rather than outsiders.So what about this year？ （2） D
Transformative（改造式） travel
Transformative travel is very much like "experiential travel"，but takes a step further.It usually takes three steps.Firstly，you go to a place with a different background. （3） C And finally you return home and apply（运用） what you have learned to your life.This last step is the difference between the two types.
Visiting disappearing places
（4） F Everett Potter，a USA Today writer，says that the South Pole（极） and the North Pole have both become popular places.Another popular place is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia，which might disappear in the near future.
Green Travel
Going green will be one of the most popular ways this year.One way to plan a green trip is to travel a shorter distance（距离）. （5） A Another way is to choose a place that will benefit（受益） the most from your trip.For example，places like Nepal will make a lot of money through the local tourist industry and develop quickly.
A．It can help to protect the environment.
B．But there are some ways to save money when traveling.
C．Then you learn new culture and get to know new people.
D．Can tourists get even more from their traveling experiences？
E．You can hardly tell the difference between tourists and local people.
F．Disappearing places are welcoming an increasing number of tourists.
G．To some people，traveling is all about the number of places they've been to.
【答案】GDCFA
【分析】本文讲述不断变化的旅游趋势，人们由最初纯粹去一个地方，到去年的体验式旅行，游客寻找了解当地文化，使他们可以更像当地人，今年人们提倡改造式旅游、绿色出行、去看那些因为气候原因导致的即将消失的景象。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据Now the old "been there，seen that" type is changing.（现在过去的"到过那里，见过那个"的旅行类型正在改变。）可知现在过去的"到过那里，见过那个"的旅行类型正在改变，选项G"对一些人来说，旅行就是他们去过的地方的数量。"符合语境，故选G。
（2）根据Tourists looked for ways to get to know local culture and made themselves look like local people rather than outsiders.（游客们想方设法了解当地文化，让自己看起来像当地人而不是外地人。）可知，游客们想方设法了解当地文化，让自己看起来像当地人而不是外地人。结合趋势的变化，此处表示这种改变能给游客带来什么变化。选项D"游客能从他们的旅行经历中得到更多吗？"符合语境，故选D。
（3）根据Firstly，you go to a place with a different background.And finally.（首先，你去了一个有着不同背景的地方....最后...，）可知，首先，你去了一个有着不同背景的地方....最后.....，有先后顺序。选项C"然后你就可以学习新的文化，认识新的人。"符合语境，故选C。
（4）根据Visiting disappearing places（参观消失的地方。）可知，参观消失的地方，选项F"正在消失的地方正迎来越来越多的游客。"符合语境，故选F。
（5）根据One way to plan a green trip is to travel a shorter distance.（计划绿色旅行的一个方法是短途旅行。）可知，计划绿色旅行的一个方法是短途旅行，选项A"它可以帮助保护环境。"符合语境，故选A。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
10．There are more and more entrepreneurs（创业家） around the world these days，and some of them even started at a very young age.Entrepreneurs work on solving real problems of real people and on improving the world.（1） G They see possibilities while common person only sees problems.
Importance of Entrepreneurs
So the world needs entrepreneurs to solve its problems，but entrepreneurs are also important to the local society too.Why？They create jobs：Without entrepreneurs，we wouldn't have any jobs.（2） F They create change：Because of their great purposes，their ideas and work can often help to change the world.Therefore，we need people who take action，work towards a better future，and create chances for growth in order for our community to move forward.
Characteristics of Entrepreneurs
Seen from a more personal level，what makes out an entrepreneur？What qualities do they have？
Willingness to take risks
Building your own company is risky.（3） E When it comes to entrepreneurs，their hunger for challenges is stronger than their fear.They enjoy challenging their comfort zone（区）.
（4） A
The best ideas are the result of many brains coming together to solve a problem.For that reason，entrepreneurs gladly listen to the opinions of others and ask for advice in order to have the best chances of success.
Looking for chances
The world is full of challenges and chances.Entrepreneurs have learned to look for chances and to use this to push forward.（5） C Instead，they feel powerful to take action.
A．Openness for receiving advice
B．Finding ways to solve problems
C．They won't let big challenges stress them out.
D．Here are some ways to become young entrepreneurs.
E．You are creating something from nothing，and unsure if you can succeed.
F．They open up a great many work chances for others by starting businesses.
G．Because of these purposes，many of the biggest change makers are entrepreneurs.
【答案】GFEAC
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了什么是创业家，创业家的重要性以及创业家具备的特征。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据上文"Entrepreneurs work on solving real problems of real people and on improving the world."（企业家致力于解决真人的真实问题和改善世界。）可知，本段主要向我们介绍了什么是创业家，创业家致力于解决人们的实际问题，改善世界，基于此目的而努力的变革者称之为创业家。故选项G"由于这些目的，许多最大的变革者都是企业家。"符合语境。故选G。
（2）根据"They create jobs：Without entrepreneurs，we wouldn't have any jobs."（他们创造了就业机会：如果没有企业家，我们就不会有任何工作。）可知，此处介绍创业家为人们提供很多工作机会。故选项F"他们通过创业为其他人提供了很多工作机会。"符合语境。故选F。
（3）根据"Building your own company is risky. …When it comes to entrepreneurs，their hunger for challenges is stronger than their fear."（建立自己的公司是有风险的。...当谈到企业家时，他们对挑战的渴望比恐惧更强烈。）可知，此处介绍普通人和创业家在创办公司遇到风险时的反应。故选项E"你正在从无到有地创造一些东西，却不确定自己能否成功。"符合语境。故选E。
（4）根据"For that reason，entrepreneurs gladly listen to the opinions of others and ask for advice in order to have the best chances of success."（因此，企业家乐于听取他人的意见并寻求建议，以获得最大的成功机会。）可知，此处介绍创业家善于倾听他人的意见。故选项A"坦诚接受建议"符合语境。故选A。
（5）根据"Entrepreneurs have learned to look for chances and to use this to push forward.…Instead，they feel powerful to take action."（企业家们已经学会了寻找机会，并以此来推动前进。...相反，他们觉得有力量采取行动。）可知，此处介绍创业家们面对机遇与挑战时的反应。故选项C"他们不会让巨大的挑战把他们压垮。"符合语境。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
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中考英语专项训练 阅读七选五
一．短文还原（共10小题）
1．阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The flu （流感） is a common illness.During spring and winter，you may find people around you coughing or sniffing （抽鼻子）. （1） Here is some advice for you.
Keep your hands clean.You may keep yourself away from anyone coughing，but you're more likely to pick up cold viruses from something you touch.Cold viruses are often on door knobs （把手），as they're often touched. （2） "If there is no way to clean hands，try not to touch your eyes or nose，" says Dr Ross Walton. "This is a very common way for viruses to get into your body."
（3） When you're sleeping，your body is able to produce something to fight viruses.People who sleep for 7—8 hours a night have better immunity （免疫力） than those who sleep less.According to a health expert，if you don't have a good sleep during the night，a 30﹣minute daytime nap is enough to make up for it.
Do exercise. （4） Having a strong immune system gives you a chance of fighting the virus off before it makes you ill.You can play the sport that you enjoy most.For example，you can walk，run，swim or dance.
Get the flu jab （预防针）.To stay away from the flu， （5） "It's true that the jab can't help us fight against all kinds of flu，but it can save lives.I certainly have one every year，" says Dr Walton.
A．getting flu jabs is necessary and important.
B．Having enough sleep is important.
C．How can you stay away from the flu？
D．Get enough sleep.
E．Washing hands will keep you from picking up a virus.
F．It doesn't matter what kind of exercise.
G．It can make the immune system work better.
2． People who think in a positive way are happier，healthier，and get along better with others.Building habits that encourage you to think more positively is very important，especially when you're dealing with a lot of negative（消极）feelings like fear，sadness or stress.Everyone has negative thoughts and feelings sometimes.（1）
Notice every positive feeling you have during the day.Make a list of them.Then you can know more about the feelings you experience and the activities that cause them.（2）
（3） Let's say you choose confidence.What helps you feel confident？How can you get more of that feeling？You might get some encouragement from your parents before a test.Or maybe you stand up straighter and walk through the halls in a confident way，feeling strong.
Be grateful.Try your best to practice gratitude（感激）every day.（4） It could be like having a place to live，food，friends，family，even clean water.It's taking a moment to think about how lucky you are when something good happens.
Positive thoughts and feelings are powerful tools.（5） Try to create enough room for joy，fun，friendship，kindness and gratitude.Your life can be better.
A.Be confident when there is challenge.
B.Pick a positive feeling and make it stronger.
C.So，make a way for them in your everyday life.
D.Here are some useful tips for you to get encouragement.
E.This means noticing the things you usually pay little attention to.
F.For example，you might feel proud when you answer a question right.
G.However，you'd better get some training to look on the bright side as much as you can.
3．Big data is many sets of information that are put together to be used by a computer program.The computer program looks for different kinds of answers in the data.We can find different kinds of information from many sources in big data，such as information from the Internet，schools，companies，and governments.（1）
Another set can have what they like，how they go to school，and how much time they spend on the computer.
Big data can be helpful in many ways.The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains.（2） Some schools use big data to understand how many children need extra help in class.The teachers can then give these students more help or support.（3） It helps them understand their buyers better.For example，one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.
（4） For example，although some people have not done anything wrong，it may still predict that they break the law or hurt others.
How can big data be used for good and bad things？ （5） And they usually think in their own ways and then build a thinking model.The thinking model is used to look at and understand the data.
A.Companies use big data.too.
B.Big data can also be used in other fields.
C.However，big data can also bring trouble.
D.One set of data can have people's names and addresses.
E.Computer engineers write programs to understand big data.
F.The information is then used to improve bus or train services.
G.Big data is so large that it's difficult to process in traditional ways.
4． Nearly everyone is shy in some ways.Some are born shy while others become shy because of too much unhappiness.（1） They may always wonder：What kind of impression am I making？Do the people around like me？Am I wearing unfashionable clothes？
Since shyness makes people feel uncomfortable，why not try to overcome（克服） it？ （2）
Keep a diary to find out the cause of your fears.By writing down your thoughts and fears，you can know more about yourself.
（3） For example，if you' re going to a party，you'd better find out who will be there and what they will do.Think about what you would like to say ahead of time.In this way，you' ll feel it much easier to communicate with others.
Make simple changes in body language.（4） "S"stands for"smile"."O"is for"open"（always leave your legs and arms uncrossed）， "F"for"forward"， "T"for"touch"， "E"for"eye contact"and"N"for"nod"（showing you' re listening and understanding）.
No one ever gets over shyness completely.（5） So if you fail to beat shyness completely，don't feel stressed.At least you can give other people a chance to know more about you!
A.The reasons why they are shy remain a secret.
B.The word"SOFTEN"may be helpful to you.
C.Shy people usually care too much about their own actions.
D.Prepare yourself for being with others in groups.
E.Don't pay too much attention to the people around you.
F.But most people do learn to live with their shyness.
G.Here are some suggestions from psychologists.
5． Have you ever had an experience where you meet someone new，learn their name and think to yourself，"（1） "What does this mean，exactly？Scientists are suggesting that humans like to connect people's names with their appearance.（2）
Researchers at the Hebrew University collected thousands of photos of people's faces.They labelled（贴标签）each photo with four names.（3） The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38 per cent of the time.It seems that humans are able to recognize certain characteristics of faces that can give them clues （线索） about someone's name，Reader 's Digest reported.
However，this only works when we're looking at names within our own culture.In addition，the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who use nicknames （昵称） more often than their real names.（4）
The studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes（种族刻板印象）can affect a person's appearance.The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names.For example.people prefer to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round.（5） They expect them to be delicate （娇弱的） and feminine （有女性气质的），just like the flower they are named for.
A.Wow，they really look just like their name!
B.There are several ways to guess a stranger's name.
C.People may think that women named Rose are beautiful.
D.Some can even guess others' names based on how they look.
E.Then，they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct.
F.This shows that a person's appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often.
G.This kind of face﹣name matching happens as we become what others expect us to become.
6． The Chinese dragon，also known as the"loong"，is important in Chinese legends（传说） and Chinese culture. （1） In ancient times，the dragon was seen as an ability of controlling the weather and bringing rain. （2） But Chinese people have loved it so much for thousands of years.And they call themselves the"descendants（后代） of the dragon".
Heroes in many Chinese legends flew on dragons or looked to dragons for help.In Journey to the West，the Monkey King got the golden cudgel（金箍棒） from the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea.（3） And it became his helper.
There are many old Chinese sayings about the dragon.For example，one saying refers to a story about Lord Ye，who liked dragons very much，and had dragon decorations all over his house.His love of dragons became so well known that one day a real dragon decided to pay him a visit.At the first sight of the dragon，Lord Ye ran away in fear. （4） The saying"Lord Ye loved dragons" is used in the same way as"He talks the talk，but can't walk the walk"is used in English.
（5） In the story，he painted four dragons on a wall but did not fill in the eyes.Since the paintings were so beautiful and realistic，many people wished that Zhang could finish the painting.As soon as he finished the eyes on the first two dragons，the sky drew dark，and there was a lightning flash.The two dragons with painted eyes came to life and flew away，up into the clouds.Inspired by this，the saying"Pain the dragon and dot the eye"means to add the final and key point.
In short，the dragon is considered an important and admired part of Chinese culture.It is something that should be welcomed.
A.Also，a son of the Dragon King of the Western Sea turned into Monk Tang's white horse. B.The Chinese dragon is thought as friendly and brings good luck and wealth. C.Another saying comes from a story about the 6th﹣century painter Zhang Sengyao. D.Of the 12 animals of the Chinese animal signs，the dragon is the only unreal one. E.In fact，he is really crazy about everything about dragons in his life. F.It seems that he did not really love dragons，and he just loved the idea of dragons. G.Western people love the image of "loong"as well.
7． Have you seen any advertisements like"zero calories and no weight gain？" It is an advertisement about diet soft drinks.Are diet soft drinks really a good choice？（1）
Some people think diet soft drinks are healthier.Because they don't have sugar or calories.（2） .
In fact，diet soft drinks have some sugar，although very little.If there is 0.5 grams of sugar or less in a 100﹣gram drink，it can be described as a diet soft drink. （3） That is because there are artificial sweeteners （人工甜味剂） in these drinks.
When you eat sweet tasting things like sugar，you seem to want more.Your brain tells your body to prepare itself for more sugar. （4） Then you may want to drink more.
Some people don't like to drink water.They like to drink diet soft drinks. （5） Diet soft drinks can damage your teeth.The artificial sweeteners inside are also bad for your health.If you want to stay healthy，you should drink water instead of diet soft drinks.
A.Although diet soft drinks have little sugar，They still taste sweet. B.When you drink diet soft drinks，your brain receives the sweet signal. C.It is a question worth discussing. D.In fact，this is not a good choice. E.They think it is bad for them. F.They think drinking this can help them lose weight. G.It is necessary to drink more water and exercise every day.
8． In China，more and more vacationers want to spend their spare time at lesser﹣known vacation lands to have unique，relaxing holiday experiences.（1） .
According to data from the online travel agency Qunar，as cited by Beijing Daily，during the May Day，the number of rooms booked at hotels in less traveled cities during the holiday was up 30% year one year.（2） .Some young people who have little time for themselves only stayed at a hotel to make the holiday more relaxing.
Dai Bin，president of the China Tourism Academy，told Beijing Daily，"（3） ."As people become more mature（成熟的）travelers，they don't want to follow the crowd.Some of them only want to take a rest somewhere quiet for several days to experience the local culture deeply.
In addition，lesser﹣known attractions are not as "commercial（商业的）" and "standardized" as developed ones.（4） .And unlike popular destinations，some under﹣explored（未充分开发的） places with little online showing can also offer more surprises.
"The rise of reverse tourism（逆向旅游） is not a bad thing，"said an opinion piece in Zhengzhou Daily."（5） .It also brings more possibilities to the tourism market，" the article explains. "More importantly，the trend is set to force popular destinations to better themselves instead of resting on their past honor."
A．They can offer more real and natural experiences
B．It means that vacationers now have more chances
C．Travelers prefer to choose some places that don't cost too much
D．Tourism was once about sightseeing，but now it is about experiences
E．"Reserve tourism" becomes a new fashion among vacationers in China
F．So travelers have become more careful to choose places with fewer tourists
G．Vacationers avoided popular holiday destinations to enjoy some peace and quiet
9．（1） Now the old "been there，seen that" type is changing.Last year，experiential（体验式） travel was popular.Tourists looked for ways to get to know local culture and made themselves look like local people rather than outsiders.So what about this year？ （2）
Transformative（改造式） travel
Transformative travel is very much like "experiential travel"，but takes a step further.It usually takes three steps.Firstly，you go to a place with a different background. （3） And finally you return home and apply（运用） what you have learned to your life.This last step is the difference between the two types.
Visiting disappearing places
（4） Everett Potter，a USA Today writer，says that the South Pole（极） and the North Pole have both become popular places.Another popular place is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia，which might disappear in the near future.
Green Travel
Going green will be one of the most popular ways this year.One way to plan a green trip is to travel a shorter distance（距离）. （5） Another way is to choose a place that will benefit（受益） the most from your trip.For example，places like Nepal will make a lot of money through the local tourist industry and develop quickly.
A．It can help to protect the environment.
B．But there are some ways to save money when traveling.
C．Then you learn new culture and get to know new people.
D．Can tourists get even more from their traveling experiences？
E．You can hardly tell the difference between tourists and local people.
F．Disappearing places are welcoming an increasing number of tourists.
G．To some people，traveling is all about the number of places they've been to.
10．There are more and more entrepreneurs（创业家） around the world these days，and some of them even started at a very young age.Entrepreneurs work on solving real problems of real people and on improving the world.（1） They see possibilities while common person only sees problems.
Importance of Entrepreneurs
So the world needs entrepreneurs to solve its problems，but entrepreneurs are also important to the local society too.Why？They create jobs：Without entrepreneurs，we wouldn't have any jobs.（2） They create change：Because of their great purposes，their ideas and work can often help to change the world.Therefore，we need people who take action，work towards a better future，and create chances for growth in order for our community to move forward.
Characteristics of Entrepreneurs
Seen from a more personal level，what makes out an entrepreneur？What qualities do they have？
Willingness to take risks
Building your own company is risky.（3） When it comes to entrepreneurs，their hunger for challenges is stronger than their fear.They enjoy challenging their comfort zone（区）.
（4）
The best ideas are the result of many brains coming together to solve a problem.For that reason，entrepreneurs gladly listen to the opinions of others and ask for advice in order to have the best chances of success.
Looking for chances
The world is full of challenges and chances.Entrepreneurs have learned to look for chances and to use this to push forward.（5） Instead，they feel powerful to take action.
A．Openness for receiving advice
B．Finding ways to solve problems
C．They won't let big challenges stress them out.
D．Here are some ways to become young entrepreneurs.
E．You are creating something from nothing，and unsure if you can succeed.
F．They open up a great many work chances for others by starting businesses.
G．Because of these purposes，many of the biggest change makers are entrepreneurs.
中考英语专项训练 阅读七选五
参考答案与试题解析
一．短文还原（共10小题）
1．阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The flu （流感） is a common illness.During spring and winter，you may find people around you coughing or sniffing （抽鼻子）. （1） C Here is some advice for you.
Keep your hands clean.You may keep yourself away from anyone coughing，but you're more likely to pick up cold viruses from something you touch.Cold viruses are often on door knobs （把手），as they're often touched. （2） E "If there is no way to clean hands，try not to touch your eyes or nose，" says Dr Ross Walton. "This is a very common way for viruses to get into your body."
（3） D When you're sleeping，your body is able to produce something to fight viruses.People who sleep for 7—8 hours a night have better immunity （免疫力） than those who sleep less.According to a health expert，if you don't have a good sleep during the night，a 30﹣minute daytime nap is enough to make up for it.
Do exercise. （4） G Having a strong immune system gives you a chance of fighting the virus off before it makes you ill.You can play the sport that you enjoy most.For example，you can walk，run，swim or dance.
Get the flu jab （预防针）.To stay away from the flu， （5） A "It's true that the jab can't help us fight against all kinds of flu，but it can save lives.I certainly have one every year，" says Dr Walton.
A．getting flu jabs is necessary and important.
B．Having enough sleep is important.
C．How can you stay away from the flu？
D．Get enough sleep.
E．Washing hands will keep you from picking up a virus.
F．It doesn't matter what kind of exercise.
G．It can make the immune system work better.
【答案】（1）C
（2）E
（3）D
（4）G
（5）A
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了流感这一常见疾病，并通过具体的建议指导读者如何预防流感。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文"The flu （流感） is a common illness.During spring and winter，you may find people around you coughing or sniffing （抽鼻子）."（流感是一种常见病。在春天和冬天，你可能会发现你周围的人咳嗽或抽鼻子。）可知，上文提到了流感的普遍性和症状表现，接下来应该引出如何避免感染流感的方法。C项"你如何能避免得流感？"自然地引导出了下文给出的一系列预防流感的建议。故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文"Cold viruses are often on door knobs （把手），as they're often touched."（感冒病毒经常出现在门把手上，因为它们经常被触摸。）可知，感冒病毒经常存在于门把手上，因为它们常被触摸。紧接着应该是一个总结性的句子来强调洗手的重要性。选项E"洗手可以防止你感染病毒。"可作为该段落的总结句，进一步强调洗手可以防止病毒接触传播的重要性。故选E。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文"When you're sleeping，your body is able to produce something to fight viruses.People who sleep for 7—8 hours a night have better immunity （免疫力） than those who sleep less."（当你睡觉的时候，你的身体能够产生一些东西来对抗病毒。每晚睡7—8小时的人比睡得少的人免疫力更好。）中提到睡眠对于免疫系统的重要性，可知前面需要一个能引入睡眠重要性的句子。选项D"获得充足的睡眠。"直接点明了充足睡眠的重要性。故选D。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文"Do exercise."（做运动）可知本段讨论运动的好处，特别是它对增强免疫系统的帮助。这里需要一个能够概括运动对免疫系统影响的句子，选项G"它可以使免疫系统更好地工作。"说明了运动能够改善免疫系统功能的作用。故选G。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文"To stay away from the flu，（为了远离流感，）和下文 'It's true that the jab can't help us fight against all kinds of flu，but it can save lives.I certainly have one every year，' says Dr Walton."（诚然，注射疫苗不能帮助我们对抗各种流感，但它可以拯救生命。沃尔顿博士说，我当然每年都要做一次。）可以看出，作者在讨论接种流感疫苗的重要性。因此，空处应该是一个强调接种流感疫苗必要性和重要性的句子，选项A "接种流感疫苗是必要且重要的。"符合语境。故选A。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
2． People who think in a positive way are happier，healthier，and get along better with others.Building habits that encourage you to think more positively is very important，especially when you're dealing with a lot of negative（消极）feelings like fear，sadness or stress.Everyone has negative thoughts and feelings sometimes.（1） D
Notice every positive feeling you have during the day.Make a list of them.Then you can know more about the feelings you experience and the activities that cause them.（2） F
（3） B Let's say you choose confidence.What helps you feel confident？How can you get more of that feeling？You might get some encouragement from your parents before a test.Or maybe you stand up straighter and walk through the halls in a confident way，feeling strong.
Be grateful.Try your best to practice gratitude（感激）every day.（4） E It could be like having a place to live，food，friends，family，even clean water.It's taking a moment to think about how lucky you are when something good happens.
Positive thoughts and feelings are powerful tools.（5） C Try to create enough room for joy，fun，friendship，kindness and gratitude.Your life can be better.
A.Be confident when there is challenge.
B.Pick a positive feeling and make it stronger.
C.So，make a way for them in your everyday life.
D.Here are some useful tips for you to get encouragement.
E.This means noticing the things you usually pay little attention to.
F.For example，you might feel proud when you answer a question right.
G.However，you'd better get some training to look on the bright side as much as you can.
【答案】DFBEC
【分析】短文主要讲述了积极思维的重要性，并提供了几种培养积极思维的方法。首先，积极思维能让人更快乐、健康，与他人相处更好。其次，文章建议关注每天的积极感受，并列出它们以更好地了解这些感受的来源。第三，选择一种积极的感受并加强它，例如自信。第四，要心存感激，珍惜生活中的小确幸。最后，强调积极思维和感受是强大的工具，应在日常生活中创造更多空间来容纳它们，使生活变得更好。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文Everyone has negative thoughts and feelings sometimes.（每个人有时都会有消极的想法和感受。）和下文的建议，可知此处是承上启下的句子，引出下文建议。D选项"这里有一些有用的提示，让你得到鼓励。"符合题意。故选D。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文Then you can know more about the feelings you experience and the activities that cause them.（这样你就能更多地了解自己的感受以及导致这些感受的活动。）可知此处举例说明积极思维带来的感受。F选项"例如，当你答对一个问题时，你可能会感到自豪。"符合题意。故选F。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文Let's say you choose confidence.（比方说，你选择自信。）可知此处建议选择积极的思维。B选项"选择一种积极的感觉，让它变得更强烈。"符合题意。故选B。
（4）细节推理题。根据下文It could be like having a place to live，food，friends，family，even clean water.（它可以是一个住处、食物、朋友、家人，甚至是干净的水。）可知此处建议要感恩生活中的小事。E选项"这意味着注意那些你通常很少注意的事情。"符合题意。故选E。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文Positive thoughts and feelings are powerful tools.（积极的思想和情感是强有力的工具。）可知此处建议在日常生活中要使用积极的思想。C选项"所以，在你的日常生活中为他们开辟一条道路。"符合题意。故选C。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出提示句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
3．Big data is many sets of information that are put together to be used by a computer program.The computer program looks for different kinds of answers in the data.We can find different kinds of information from many sources in big data，such as information from the Internet，schools，companies，and governments.（1） D
Another set can have what they like，how they go to school，and how much time they spend on the computer.
Big data can be helpful in many ways.The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains.（2） F Some schools use big data to understand how many children need extra help in class.The teachers can then give these students more help or support.（3） A It helps them understand their buyers better.For example，one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.
（4） C For example，although some people have not done anything wrong，it may still predict that they break the law or hurt others.
How can big data be used for good and bad things？ （5） E And they usually think in their own ways and then build a thinking model.The thinking model is used to look at and understand the data.
A.Companies use big data.too.
B.Big data can also be used in other fields.
C.However，big data can also bring trouble.
D.One set of data can have people's names and addresses.
E.Computer engineers write programs to understand big data.
F.The information is then used to improve bus or train services.
G.Big data is so large that it's difficult to process in traditional ways.
【答案】DFACE
【分析】文章主要介绍了大数据。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文We can find different kinds of information from many sources in big data，such as information from the Internet，schools，companies，and governments.（我们可以从大数据的许多来源中找到不同种类的信息，例如来自互联网、学校、公司和政府的信息。）可知此句提到了大数据，故"一组数据可以有人们的姓名和地址"符合语境，故选D。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文The government uses it to understand how many people travel on buses or trains.（政府用它来了解有多少人乘坐公共汽车或火车。）可知此句提到了大数据用于公共汽车或火车，故"这些信息随后被用于改善公共汽车或火车服务"符合语境，故选F。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文For example，one company uses weather data to see when people eat the most ice cream.（例如，一家公司利用天气数据来观察人们什么时候吃冰淇淋最多。 ）可知此句提到了大数据对公司的帮助，故"公司也使用大数据"符合语境，故选A。
（4）细节推理题。根据下文For example，although some people have not done anything wrong，it may still predict that they break the law or hurt others.（比如，有些人虽然没有做错什么，但它仍然可能预测到他们触犯了法律或者伤害了他人。）可知此句提到了大数据带来的麻烦，故"然而，大数据也会带来麻烦"符合语境，故选C。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文And they usually think in their own ways and then build a thinking model.（它们通常以自己的方式思考，然后建立一个思维模式。）可知此句提到了计算机程序，故"计算机工程师编写程序来理解大数据"符合语境，故选E。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
4． Nearly everyone is shy in some ways.Some are born shy while others become shy because of too much unhappiness.（1） C They may always wonder：What kind of impression am I making？Do the people around like me？Am I wearing unfashionable clothes？
Since shyness makes people feel uncomfortable，why not try to overcome（克服） it？ （2） G
Keep a diary to find out the cause of your fears.By writing down your thoughts and fears，you can know more about yourself.
（3） D For example，if you' re going to a party，you'd better find out who will be there and what they will do.Think about what you would like to say ahead of time.In this way，you' ll feel it much easier to communicate with others.
Make simple changes in body language.（4） B "S"stands for"smile"."O"is for"open"（always leave your legs and arms uncrossed）， "F"for"forward"， "T"for"touch"， "E"for"eye contact"and"N"for"nod"（showing you' re listening and understanding）.
No one ever gets over shyness completely.（5） F So if you fail to beat shyness completely，don't feel stressed.At least you can give other people a chance to know more about you!
A.The reasons why they are shy remain a secret.
B.The word"SOFTEN"may be helpful to you.
C.Shy people usually care too much about their own actions.
D.Prepare yourself for being with others in groups.
E.Don't pay too much attention to the people around you.
F.But most people do learn to live with their shyness.
G.Here are some suggestions from psychologists.
【答案】CGDBF
【分析】本文主要介绍了害羞的原因和克服害羞的方法。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据下文They may always wonder：What kind of impression am I making？Do the people around like me？Am I wearing unfashionable clothes？（他们可能总是在想：我给别人留下了什么样的印象？周围的人喜欢我吗？我穿的衣服不时尚吗？）可知，此处指害羞的人内心想的事情，选项C"害羞的人通常太在意自己的行为。"符合题意。故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据下文Keep a diary to find out the cause of your fears.（坚持写日记，找出你恐惧的原因。）Make simple changes in body language.（在肢体语言上做一些简单的改变。）和No one ever gets over shyness completely.（没有人能完全克服害羞。）可知，此处指一些建议，选项G"这里有一些心理学家的建议。"符合题意。故选G。
（3）段落大意题。根据下文For example，if you' re going to a party，you'd better find out who will be there and what they will do.（例如，如果你要去参加一个聚会，你最好弄清楚谁会在那里，他们会做什么。）可知，此处指准备好和其他人在一起，选项D"准备好与他人在一起。"符合题意。故选D。
（4）细节推理题。根据下文"S"stands for"smile"."O"is for"open"（always leave your legs and arms uncrossed）， "F"for"forward"， "T"for"touch"， "E"for"eye contact"and"N"for"nod"（showing you' re listening and understanding）.（"S"代表"微笑"。"O"代表"打开"（永远不要交叉双腿和手臂），"F"代表"向前"，"T"代表"触摸"，"E"代表"目光接触"，"N"代表"点头"（表示你在倾听和理解）。）可知，此处指"SOFTEN"代表的意思，选项B""SOFTEN"这个词可能对你有帮助。"符合题意。故选B。
（5）细节推理题。根据上文No one ever gets over shyness completely.（没有人能完全克服害羞。）和下文So if you fail to beat shyness completely，don't feel stressed.At least you can give other people a chance to know more about you!（所以，如果你不能完全克服害羞，不要感到压力。至少你可以给别人一个机会更多地了解你！）可知，此处应该是跟他们的羞涩共存，选项F"但是大多数人都学会了与他们的羞涩共存。"符合题意。故选F。
【点评】通读全文，在理解文意的基础上，结合上下文信息，选出合适的选项，使文章语义通顺，结构完整。
5． Have you ever had an experience where you meet someone new，learn their name and think to yourself，"（1） A "What does this mean，exactly？Scientists are suggesting that humans like to connect people's names with their appearance.（2） D
Researchers at the Hebrew University collected thousands of photos of people's faces.They labelled（贴标签）each photo with four names.（3） E The volunteers were able to guess the right name 38 per cent of the time.It seems that humans are able to recognize certain characteristics of faces that can give them clues （线索） about someone's name，Reader 's Digest reported.
However，this only works when we're looking at names within our own culture.In addition，the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who use nicknames （昵称） more often than their real names.（4） F
The studies have shown that gender and race stereotypes（种族刻板印象）can affect a person's appearance.The researchers believe there are also similar stereotypes about names.For example.people prefer to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round.（5） C They expect them to be delicate （娇弱的） and feminine （有女性气质的），just like the flower they are named for.
A.Wow，they really look just like their name!
B.There are several ways to guess a stranger's name.
C.People may think that women named Rose are beautiful.
D.Some can even guess others' names based on how they look.
E.Then，they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct.
F.This shows that a person's appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often.
G.This kind of face﹣name matching happens as we become what others expect us to become.
【答案】ADEFC
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于人名和外貌之间关系的研究。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据前文"Have you ever had an experience where you meet someone new，learn their name and think to yourself..."（你是否曾有过这样的经历：遇到一个新的人，学会了他们的名字，并对自己说...）可知，空处应是对该经历的感叹，结合选项，A选项"Wow，they really look just like their name!"（哇，他们看起来真的像他们的名字！）符合情境，故选A。
（2）细节推理题。根据前文"Scientists are suggesting that humans like to connect people's names with their appearance."（科学家表示，人类喜欢把人们的名字和外表联系起来。）可知，空处应描述人们根据外貌猜名字的能力，结合选项，D选项"Some can even guess others' names based on how they look."（有些人甚至可以根据外貌猜出他人的名字。）符合情境，故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据前文"Researchers...labelled each photo with four names."（研究人员给每张照片贴上了四个名字标签。）可知，空处应描述实验的步骤，结合选项，E选项"Then，they asked volunteers to guess which of the four names was correct."（然后，他们请志愿者猜测四个名字中的哪一个是正确的。）符合情境，故选E。
（4）细节推理题。根据前文"the volunteers were not as good at guessing the real names of people who use nicknames more often than their real names."（志愿者在猜测经常使用昵称而非真名的人时表现不佳。）可知，空处应进一步解释这一现象，结合选项，F选项"This shows that a person's appearance is affected by their name only if they use it often."（这表明只有当人们经常使用名字时，他们的外貌才会受名字的影响。）符合情境，故选F。
（5）细节推理题。根据前文"people prefer to think that men named Bob should have rounder faces because the word itself looks round."（人们倾向于认为名叫Bob的男性应该有圆脸，因为这个词本身看起来圆圆的。）可知，空处应是对其他名字外貌刻板印象的例子，结合选项，C选项"People may think that women named Rose are beautiful."（人们可能会认为名叫Rose的女性很美丽。）符合情境，故选C。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
6． The Chinese dragon，also known as the"loong"，is important in Chinese legends（传说） and Chinese culture. （1） B In ancient times，the dragon was seen as an ability of controlling the weather and bringing rain. （2） D But Chinese people have loved it so much for thousands of years.And they call themselves the"descendants（后代） of the dragon".
Heroes in many Chinese legends flew on dragons or looked to dragons for help.In Journey to the West，the Monkey King got the golden cudgel（金箍棒） from the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea.（3） A And it became his helper.
There are many old Chinese sayings about the dragon.For example，one saying refers to a story about Lord Ye，who liked dragons very much，and had dragon decorations all over his house.His love of dragons became so well known that one day a real dragon decided to pay him a visit.At the first sight of the dragon，Lord Ye ran away in fear. （4） F The saying"Lord Ye loved dragons" is used in the same way as"He talks the talk，but can't walk the walk"is used in English.
（5） C In the story，he painted four dragons on a wall but did not fill in the eyes.Since the paintings were so beautiful and realistic，many people wished that Zhang could finish the painting.As soon as he finished the eyes on the first two dragons，the sky drew dark，and there was a lightning flash.The two dragons with painted eyes came to life and flew away，up into the clouds.Inspired by this，the saying"Pain the dragon and dot the eye"means to add the final and key point.
In short，the dragon is considered an important and admired part of Chinese culture.It is something that should be welcomed.
A.Also，a son of the Dragon King of the Western Sea turned into Monk Tang's white horse. B.The Chinese dragon is thought as friendly and brings good luck and wealth. C.Another saying comes from a story about the 6th﹣century painter Zhang Sengyao. D.Of the 12 animals of the Chinese animal signs，the dragon is the only unreal one. E.In fact，he is really crazy about everything about dragons in his life. F.It seems that he did not really love dragons，and he just loved the idea of dragons. G.Western people love the image of "loong"as well.
【答案】BDAFC
【分析】短文说的是中国龙，在中国文化和传说中占据重要地位。古时被视为能控制天气、带来雨水的神兽，深受中国人民喜爱，自称为"龙的传人"。许多传说中的英雄都曾骑龙或求助于龙。龙是中国文化中受重视和仰慕的象征，应被欢迎。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文The Chinese dragon，also known as the"loong"，is important in Chinese legends（传说） and Chinese culture.（中国龙，也被称为"龙"，在中国传说和中国文化中很重要。）可知，说的是龙在中国传说和中国文化中很重要。结合选项可知，B项"中国龙被认为是友好的，会带来好运和财富。"符合语境。故选B。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文In ancient times，the dragon was seen as an ability of controlling the weather and bringing rain.（在古代，龙被视为控制天气和带来雨水的能力。）可知，说的是龙的地位，结合选项可知，D项"在中国的十二生肖中，龙是唯一不真实的。"符合语境。故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据上文Journey to the West，the Monkey King got the golden cudgel（金箍棒） from the Dragon King of the Eastern Sea.（《西游记》中，孙悟空从东海龙王那里得到了金箍棒。）可知，说的是《西游记》的故事情节，结合选项可知，A项"还有，西海龙王的一个儿子变成了唐僧的白马。"符合语境。故选A。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文At the first sight of the dragon，Lord Ye ran away in fear..（看到龙的第一眼，叶公害怕地走开了。）可知，说的是叶公不是真的喜欢龙，结合选项可知，F项"看起来他并不是真的喜欢龙，他只是喜欢龙的想法。"符合语境。故选F。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文In the story，he painted four dragons on a wall but did not fill in the eyes.（故事中，他在一面墙上画了四条龙，但没有填上眼睛。）可知，说的是画龙点睛的故事，结合选项可知，C项"另一种说法来自6世纪画家张僧繇的故事。"符合语境。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，了解文章大意，联系上下文，结合语境，选择合适的句子填空。
7． Have you seen any advertisements like"zero calories and no weight gain？" It is an advertisement about diet soft drinks.Are diet soft drinks really a good choice？（1） C
Some people think diet soft drinks are healthier.Because they don't have sugar or calories.（2） F .
In fact，diet soft drinks have some sugar，although very little.If there is 0.5 grams of sugar or less in a 100﹣gram drink，it can be described as a diet soft drink. （3） A That is because there are artificial sweeteners （人工甜味剂） in these drinks.
When you eat sweet tasting things like sugar，you seem to want more.Your brain tells your body to prepare itself for more sugar. （4） B Then you may want to drink more.
Some people don't like to drink water.They like to drink diet soft drinks. （5） D Diet soft drinks can damage your teeth.The artificial sweeteners inside are also bad for your health.If you want to stay healthy，you should drink water instead of diet soft drinks.
A.Although diet soft drinks have little sugar，They still taste sweet. B.When you drink diet soft drinks，your brain receives the sweet signal. C.It is a question worth discussing. D.In fact，this is not a good choice. E.They think it is bad for them. F.They think drinking this can help them lose weight. G.It is necessary to drink more water and exercise every day.
【答案】CFABD
【分析】本文讨论了无糖软饮料是否为健康选择的问题。
【解答】 （1）细节推理题。根据上文Are diet soft drinks really a good choice？（减肥软饮料真的是个不错的选择吗？）可知要讨论是否是不错的选择。C项"这是一个值得讨论的问题。"符合题意。故选C。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文Because they don't have sugar or calories.（因为它们没有糖也没有热量。）可知这种饮料不含糖，F项"他们认为喝这种无糖软饮料可以帮助他们减肥。"符合题意。故选F。
（3）细节推理题。根据上文That is because there are artificial sweeteners in these drinks.（这是因为这些饮料中含有人造甜味剂。）可知说的是味道甜的原因。A项"减肥软饮料虽然含糖量很低，但味道还是很甜。"符合题意。故选A。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文Your brain tells your body to prepare itself for more sugar.（你的大脑告诉你的身体为更多的糖做好准备。）可知说的与大脑有关。B项"当你喝无糖软饮料时，你的大脑会接收到甜味信号。"符合题意。故选B。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文Diet soft drinks can damage your teeth.（无糖软饮料会损坏你的牙齿。）可知说的是无糖软饮料的不足。D项"事实上，这不是一个好的选择。"符合题意。故选D。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
8． In China，more and more vacationers want to spend their spare time at lesser﹣known vacation lands to have unique，relaxing holiday experiences.（1） E .
According to data from the online travel agency Qunar，as cited by Beijing Daily，during the May Day，the number of rooms booked at hotels in less traveled cities during the holiday was up 30% year one year.（2） D .Some young people who have little time for themselves only stayed at a hotel to make the holiday more relaxing.
Dai Bin，president of the China Tourism Academy，told Beijing Daily，"（3） G ."As people become more mature（成熟的）travelers，they don't want to follow the crowd.Some of them only want to take a rest somewhere quiet for several days to experience the local culture deeply.
In addition，lesser﹣known attractions are not as "commercial（商业的）" and "standardized" as developed ones.（4） A .And unlike popular destinations，some under﹣explored（未充分开发的） places with little online showing can also offer more surprises.
"The rise of reverse tourism（逆向旅游） is not a bad thing，"said an opinion piece in Zhengzhou Daily."（5） B .It also brings more possibilities to the tourism market，" the article explains. "More importantly，the trend is set to force popular destinations to better themselves instead of resting on their past honor."
A．They can offer more real and natural experiences
B．It means that vacationers now have more chances
C．Travelers prefer to choose some places that don't cost too much
D．Tourism was once about sightseeing，but now it is about experiences
E．"Reserve tourism" becomes a new fashion among vacationers in China
F．So travelers have become more careful to choose places with fewer tourists
G．Vacationers avoided popular holiday destinations to enjoy some peace and quiet
【答案】EDGAB
【分析】在中国，越来越多的度假者希望在最不知名的度假地度过他们的闲暇时光，以获得独特而放松的假期体验。逆向旅游成为了一种新时尚，人们避开热门的旅游目的地，选择宁静之处享受宁静。据去哪儿网的数据显示，在五一假期期间，不常去的城市的酒店预订数量比去年同期增长了30%，一些年轻人甚至只在酒店休息，以使假期更加放松。中国旅游学院院长戴斌表示，随着游客变得更加成熟，他们不愿随大流，一些人只想在安静的地方休息几天，深入体验当地文化。此外，未充分开发的景点不像成熟的景点那样"商业化"和"标准化"，可以提供更真实自然体验，这种趋势还可能促使热门目的地改善服务，而不是满足于过去的荣誉。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据上文"In China，more and more vacationers want to spend their spare time at lesser﹣known vacation lands to have unique，relaxing holiday experiences."（在中国，越来越多的度假者希望利用业余时间到鲜为人知的度假胜地体验独特、放松的假期。）可知，此处应是引出"逆向旅游"这一主题，选项E"'逆向旅游'成为中国年轻度假者的一种新时尚。"符合语境，故选E。
（2）细节推理题。根据上文"the number of rooms booked at hotels in less traveled cities during the holiday was up 30% year one year."（旅游较少城市的酒店在假期期间的客房预订量同比增长了 30%。）及下文"Some young people who have little time for themselves only stayed at a hotel to make the holiday more relaxing."（有些年轻人很少有自己的时间，为了让假期更轻松，他们只住在酒店里。）可知，此处应是介绍旅游方式的转变。选项D"旅游过去是为了观光，但现在是为了体验。"符合语境，故选D。
（3）细节推理题。根据下文"As people become more mature （成熟的） travelers，...to experience the local culture deeply."（随着人们越来越成熟的游客，......深入体验当地文化）可知，此处应是讲述人们选择人数较少的旅游地的原因，选项G"度假者避开受欢迎的度假目的地，以享受一些宁静。"符合语境，故选G。
（4）细节推理题。根据上文"In addition，lesser﹣known attractions are not as 'commercial （商业的）' and 'standardized' as developed ones."（此外，不太知名的景点不像发达景点那样"商业化"和"标准化"。）可推测，此处是指不太知名的景点会有更真实的体验感，选项A"它们可以提供更真实和自然的体验。"符合语境，故选A。
（5）细节推理题。根据下文"It also brings more possibilities to the tourism market"（它还为旅游市场带来了更多可能性）可知，此处是介绍"逆向旅游"的好处，选项B"这意味着度假者现在有了更多的选择。"符合语境，故选B。
【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出提示句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。
9．（1） G Now the old "been there，seen that" type is changing.Last year，experiential（体验式） travel was popular.Tourists looked for ways to get to know local culture and made themselves look like local people rather than outsiders.So what about this year？ （2） D
Transformative（改造式） travel
Transformative travel is very much like "experiential travel"，but takes a step further.It usually takes three steps.Firstly，you go to a place with a different background. （3） C And finally you return home and apply（运用） what you have learned to your life.This last step is the difference between the two types.
Visiting disappearing places
（4） F Everett Potter，a USA Today writer，says that the South Pole（极） and the North Pole have both become popular places.Another popular place is the Great Barrier Reef in Australia，which might disappear in the near future.
Green Travel
Going green will be one of the most popular ways this year.One way to plan a green trip is to travel a shorter distance（距离）. （5） A Another way is to choose a place that will benefit（受益） the most from your trip.For example，places like Nepal will make a lot of money through the local tourist industry and develop quickly.
A．It can help to protect the environment.
B．But there are some ways to save money when traveling.
C．Then you learn new culture and get to know new people.
D．Can tourists get even more from their traveling experiences？
E．You can hardly tell the difference between tourists and local people.
F．Disappearing places are welcoming an increasing number of tourists.
G．To some people，traveling is all about the number of places they've been to.
【答案】GDCFA
【分析】本文讲述不断变化的旅游趋势，人们由最初纯粹去一个地方，到去年的体验式旅行，游客寻找了解当地文化，使他们可以更像当地人，今年人们提倡改造式旅游、绿色出行、去看那些因为气候原因导致的即将消失的景象。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据Now the old "been there，seen that" type is changing.（现在过去的"到过那里，见过那个"的旅行类型正在改变。）可知现在过去的"到过那里，见过那个"的旅行类型正在改变，选项G"对一些人来说，旅行就是他们去过的地方的数量。"符合语境，故选G。
（2）根据Tourists looked for ways to get to know local culture and made themselves look like local people rather than outsiders.（游客们想方设法了解当地文化，让自己看起来像当地人而不是外地人。）可知，游客们想方设法了解当地文化，让自己看起来像当地人而不是外地人。结合趋势的变化，此处表示这种改变能给游客带来什么变化。选项D"游客能从他们的旅行经历中得到更多吗？"符合语境，故选D。
（3）根据Firstly，you go to a place with a different background.And finally.（首先，你去了一个有着不同背景的地方....最后...，）可知，首先，你去了一个有着不同背景的地方....最后.....，有先后顺序。选项C"然后你就可以学习新的文化，认识新的人。"符合语境，故选C。
（4）根据Visiting disappearing places（参观消失的地方。）可知，参观消失的地方，选项F"正在消失的地方正迎来越来越多的游客。"符合语境，故选F。
（5）根据One way to plan a green trip is to travel a shorter distance.（计划绿色旅行的一个方法是短途旅行。）可知，计划绿色旅行的一个方法是短途旅行，选项A"它可以帮助保护环境。"符合语境，故选A。
【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
10．There are more and more entrepreneurs（创业家） around the world these days，and some of them even started at a very young age.Entrepreneurs work on solving real problems of real people and on improving the world.（1） G They see possibilities while common person only sees problems.
Importance of Entrepreneurs
So the world needs entrepreneurs to solve its problems，but entrepreneurs are also important to the local society too.Why？They create jobs：Without entrepreneurs，we wouldn't have any jobs.（2） F They create change：Because of their great purposes，their ideas and work can often help to change the world.Therefore，we need people who take action，work towards a better future，and create chances for growth in order for our community to move forward.
Characteristics of Entrepreneurs
Seen from a more personal level，what makes out an entrepreneur？What qualities do they have？
Willingness to take risks
Building your own company is risky.（3） E When it comes to entrepreneurs，their hunger for challenges is stronger than their fear.They enjoy challenging their comfort zone（区）.
（4） A
The best ideas are the result of many brains coming together to solve a problem.For that reason，entrepreneurs gladly listen to the opinions of others and ask for advice in order to have the best chances of success.
Looking for chances
The world is full of challenges and chances.Entrepreneurs have learned to look for chances and to use this to push forward.（5） C Instead，they feel powerful to take action.
A．Openness for receiving advice
B．Finding ways to solve problems
C．They won't let big challenges stress them out.
D．Here are some ways to become young entrepreneurs.
E．You are creating something from nothing，and unsure if you can succeed.
F．They open up a great many work chances for others by starting businesses.
G．Because of these purposes，many of the biggest change makers are entrepreneurs.
【答案】GFEAC
【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了什么是创业家，创业家的重要性以及创业家具备的特征。
【解答】细节推理题。
（1）根据上文"Entrepreneurs work on solving real problems of real people and on improving the world."（企业家致力于解决真人的真实问题和改善世界。）可知，本段主要向我们介绍了什么是创业家，创业家致力于解决人们的实际问题，改善世界，基于此目的而努力的变革者称之为创业家。故选项G"由于这些目的，许多最大的变革者都是企业家。"符合语境。故选G。
（2）根据"They create jobs：Without entrepreneurs，we wouldn't have any jobs."（他们创造了就业机会：如果没有企业家，我们就不会有任何工作。）可知，此处介绍创业家为人们提供很多工作机会。故选项F"他们通过创业为其他人提供了很多工作机会。"符合语境。故选F。
（3）根据"Building your own company is risky. …When it comes to entrepreneurs，their hunger for challenges is stronger than their fear."（建立自己的公司是有风险的。...当谈到企业家时，他们对挑战的渴望比恐惧更强烈。）可知，此处介绍普通人和创业家在创办公司遇到风险时的反应。故选项E"你正在从无到有地创造一些东西，却不确定自己能否成功。"符合语境。故选E。
（4）根据"For that reason，entrepreneurs gladly listen to the opinions of others and ask for advice in order to have the best chances of success."（因此，企业家乐于听取他人的意见并寻求建议，以获得最大的成功机会。）可知，此处介绍创业家善于倾听他人的意见。故选项A"坦诚接受建议"符合语境。故选A。
（5）根据"Entrepreneurs have learned to look for chances and to use this to push forward.…Instead，they feel powerful to take action."（企业家们已经学会了寻找机会，并以此来推动前进。...相反，他们觉得有力量采取行动。）可知，此处介绍创业家们面对机遇与挑战时的反应。故选项C"他们不会让巨大的挑战把他们压垮。"符合语境。故选C。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
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