2026年中考英语备考复习 阅读完成句子（含答案解析）
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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语专项训练 阅读完成句子
一．任务型阅读（共10小题）
1． "It can't be done." Boyan Slat heard this over and over when he first suggested a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans.
Slat was on a diving （潜水） trip in Greece three years ago when he was troubled by plastic. " There were more plastic bags than fishes，" he says. "That moment I realized it was a huge problem and that environmental problems are really the biggest problems we will face."
That fall，Slat，then 17，decided to study plastic pollution as part of a high school project.Soon，Slat learned that no one had yet thought of useful ways to clean up all the rubbish.Most people wanted to "fish" up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need more than 1，000 years，cost too much，and leave sea life along with the rubbish.
Slat decided to avoid these problems：a solar﹣powered system（太阳能系统）using a moving plastic tube（管） which will go around the rubbish and collect it.Wind and waves will push the rubbish to the tube.A ship will pick up the rubbish and take it back to the land.
Slat organized a team of volunteers for the Ocean Cleanup，which has about 100 members.Over the next three to four years，Slat will continue to test if his project is good enough.
（1）Slat first suggested cleaning up millions of tons of to stop the ocean.
（2）When Slat was diving in Greece，he found there were fishes plastic bags.
（3）"Fishing" up the plastic might need a time and too much.
（4）Slat hoped the rubbish would to the tube by wind and waves.
（5）It will Slat and his team over three to four years to test（测试） his project is good enough or not.
2．Many people don't like to stay at home on holidays.They want to go out to see something different and do something exciting.So people from the country come to the city and people from the city go to the countryside for holidays.
On this May Day，my family went to the countryside by car for our holiday.There were too many cars on the road，so we had to move very slowly.It took us about an hour to get out of the city.After some time，we came to the foot of a mountain.It was clean and beautiful.We thought it was a good place for a picnic，so we stopped and took the food，fruit and drinks out of the car.We sat down under a big green tree and started to eat.Suddenly a strong wind blew and soon it started to rain.We had to run back to our car and have our picnic in the car.Then we drove back home.What terrible the trip was!
（1）Many people want to go out to see things and do exciting things on holidays.
（2）The writer's family had to drove very slowly because there were on the road.
（3）From the second paragraph，we know that the writer's family may live in .
（4）In paragraph 2，the underlined word "it" refers to .
（5）The writer thought their trip was .
3． Wang Meng，a university researcher told that he had not spoken to his parents for 12 years in a letter posted online.In his opinion，it is his parents that caused his mental（心里的） problems.
It is possibly true that a straight﹣A student is easier to get into problems caused by over control from their parents.
Wang Meng，in his thirties，was once a straight﹣A student，who graduated from Peking University.He didn't have the basic ability to take care of himself，though he was the best in all his subjects.Because of this，he was often laughed at by his classmates and roommates（室友）.He also had problems looking for a job.He says he has so little self﹣confidence that he cannot get along with other people，and this is part of his mental problems.
According to his letter，his life was always planned and decided by his parents.Although his parents agree there are some problems with their education，they still take pride in Wang's wonderful grades.
Wang Meng's story has drawn much attention.Getting good grades is not the only purpose of life.Their development and learning are expected to be connected with their interests and independence.Their parents shouldn't decide their life.
根据短文内容完成句子，每空一词。
（1）Wang Meng believed that it is his who caused his mental .
（2）Wang Meng， from Peking University，was in his .
（3）Wang Meng wasn't to look after himself，so he was laughed at by his and roommates.
（4）Wang Meng not only had problems in looking for a but has so little self﹣confidence that he can't get along with .
（5）Children's development and learning are expected to be connected with their and independence，and parents shouldn't made a about their children's lives.
4． Note﹣taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork.It can make you confident when you are studying.But unluckily，most students don't know how to take notes.
If your teacher writes notes on the blackboard，that's great.You can copy them or write down the most important facts of all in class.Different teachers do things differently.For example，some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class，but they only write the important ones on the blackboard.Other teachers may not write anything down，but they may say something important again and again.
Don't try to write down every word in class，or you might miss some important points.
Some students really learn better with the help of these notes.
Don't be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you've missed.If your teacher speaks too fast and you can't follow what he is saying，you can ask him after paring your notes with your classmates can be good for your learning.It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes.
Good note﹣taking takes time.If you decide to recopy your notes every evening，you'll surely have less time to watch TV.But you'll save time in the coming test.
（1）While you are studying，taking notes can make you and it can help you do well in your schoolwork.
（2）Some teachers may the important facts instead of them down.
（3）If you miss some important points or can't your teacher in class ，don't be to ask him.
（4）Surely，you will have time to watch TV if you make a decision to recopy your notes every .
（5）This passage mainly tells students how they can .
5． No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22，1998.It was started to protect the environment.By now，more than 1，000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.
The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001.Other cities，including Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan also support the day.
In Beijing，more and more people are joining in the activity.It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work.It also calls on（号召） Beijingers not to use cars on June 5（World Environment Day）.The slogan（口号） for the day is，"If we drive for one less day，we can have one more nice day."
So far，more than 200，000 drivers have shown their support."We can't control the weather，but we can choose not to drive，"said Wu Zonghua，a car club chairman.Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year.In the first quarter of this year Beijing only have 52 blue sky days.This was 11 days less than the number for the same period last year.Much of the dust（灰尘） comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution.We must do more for No Car Day.
（1）No Car Day was first started to .（5个词以内）
（2）According to the passage there are several cities in China that support No Car Day and they are .（10个词以内）
（3）The activity of No Car Day encourages Beijing drivers .（20个词以内）
（4）According to the passage there were sixty﹣three blue sky days .（10个词以内）
（5）We can know from the passage that .（20个词以内）
6． What kind of shoes do you wear most？Perhaps leather shoes or sports shoes.But Chinese people used to wear hand﹣made cloth shoes.
According to historical records，ordinary people were not allowed to wear boots during the Ming Dynasty.Because of this，cloth shoes became popular，especially in Sichuan Province.
Tangchang，a town in Chengdu，is known for making multi﹣sole （千层底的） cloth shoes，which means the shoes' soles are made of many layers of cloth.Tangchang cloth shoes have been made for more than 700 years.
There are 32 steps to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.The soles and upper parts of the shoes are made in a unique way，representing the traditional skill of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.For example，the sole's edges are not covered with cloth.They look fluffy.This is done through repeated polishing （打磨） and trimming（修剪）.
With over 20 types，Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and friendly to the environment.In 2018，they were added to Sichuan's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） list.
（1）During the Ming Dynasty， were not allowed to wear boots.
（2）Multi﹣sole cloth shoes are made of .
（3）There are to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.
（4）Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and
（5）The unique way of making Tangchang cloth shoes stand for the of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.
7． How has technology made your life easier？When you go to a shopping mall，you can enjoy free Wi﹣Fi there.When you want to take a taxi，you can order one with your phone.In fact all of these things can be seen as the first step of a smart city.
The idea of smart city was first suggested by a tech company，IBM in 2010.A smart city is a city that uses digital technology（数码技术），like 5 G networks，to save money，resources（资源） and make our life more convenient.
Cities like Boston and Amsterdam are already using smart technology to improve public services.In Boston，smart rubbish bins can been seen everywhere.When the rubbish bins are almost full，they can ring loudly to remind cleaners to clean them.
Smart cities will allow us to save puters and 5 G networks help check water，gas pipes.In this way，they could easily remind workers to fix them when there is a leak（泄露）in them.
Of course，it will take time to build the smart cities of the future.But since we've already seen successful examples，it won't be long until more cities join them.By 2050，about 60% of people will live in smart cities.And I believe they will make our life easier for sure.
（1）What can you do if you want to order taxis according to the passage？
I can order taxis .
（2）When was the idea of smart city first suggested？
It was first suggested .
（3）What are the advantages（优势） of the digital technology according to the second paragraph？
It can help us and make our lives more convenient.
（4）How can smart bins remind cleaners when they are almost full？
They can remind cleaners by .
（5）What can we learn from the passage？
Technology can make .
8．
"Fall" and "Autumn"
What season is it in October？If you ask people from UK，they will tell you it's "autumn".But if you go to US，you will find that people use "autumn" or "fall".
According to Dictionary.com，both words have been around for a long time，but neither of them was first to describe this season.During this season，crops would become ripe （成熟） and farmers would have a big harvest.So in Old English，this season was simply called "harvest".
Then，in the 1600s，more people left their farms and moved to cities.With fewer people farming，the word "harvest" became less useful.English speakers needed a different name for the season.They knew leaves fell from trees during the season，so people started calling it "the fall of the leaf"，or "fall" for short.
But at the end of the 1600s，autumn，from the French word "autompne" and the Latin "autumnus"，came to English. "Fall" as the word for this season disappeared slowly.
At the same time，people in UK were making their first trip to North America.They brought the words "fall" and "autumn" with them.That's why today Americans have two names for one season.
（1）According to the passage，either autumn or fall is every year.
（2）People call this season "harvest" in Old English because would become .
（3）In the 1600s，more people left their farms to cities.
（4）Fall is the fall of the leaf.
（5）The passage is mainly about of the names of the season in October.
9．Hi!I'm the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway.I've felt happy recently because a new high﹣speed railway now links the two cities.Do you want to know my story？
I was born in 1909.I'm 114 years old now.The one who made me was Zhan Tianyou.He was a brave and smart man.He believed China should build its own railways without other countries' help.So he built me，China's first self﹣built railway.
At first，my trains used steam（蒸汽） and they were very slow.Their top speed was only 35 km/h.Then，the trains started to use diesel（柴油）.Later，there were even better trains that used electricity.But it still took more than three hours to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou，Hebei.
In 2019，the new high﹣speed railway opened on Dec.30.I was so excited.It will help people travel more faster.The high﹣speed train has a top speed of 350 km/h!It only takes 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou.
During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics，Beijing and Zhangjiakou，the two host cities of the event，welcomed lots of people from around the world.
I'm too old to keep working these days，but people will keep me as part of history.It's a little sad.But I'm still proud of all the changes China has made.Zhan Tianyou must be proud too.
（1）The Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway was built in .
（2）Zhan Tianyou was a man.
（3）At first，the trains' top speed was only 35 km/h because they .
（4）It only takes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou by high﹣speed trains.
（5）After reading the passage，we may feel about the changes of China.
10． Water is believed to be the lifeblood.Chinese civilization is one of the world's ancient river civilizations.For thousands of years，the Yellow River，the Yangtze River and other rivers have run through the land of China.They connect the Chinese culture to water from the birth of Chinese civilization.
However，water doesn't just have a useful side.Water is highly important for lives and growing things，but if we don't control it，it can also cause big problems.In order to use water in the best way possibly，Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to manage bad effects of water.For ex﹣ample，the Dujiangyan in Sichuan was cleverly built.It makes full use of nature of the area without harming the environment.
Water is also given special meanings to educate Chinese people.According to Confucius，water had qualities such as fairness and courage.One of his famous sayings"He who is wise loves water，he who is virtuous（道德高尚的）loves mountains."is still popular today.
World Water Day is held on March 22nd every year.Being the most common thing in daily life，water stands for a culture that is in the heart of every Chinese.We should take action to value and save water.
（1）Chinese civilization is one of civilizations.
（2）Water has ，but it can also cause big problems if we don't control it.
（3）Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to .
（4）Water is also given to educate Chinese people.
（5）The writer suggests every Chinese take action to .
中考英语专项训练 阅读完成句子
参考答案与试题解析
一．任务型阅读（共10小题）
1． "It can't be done." Boyan Slat heard this over and over when he first suggested a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans.
Slat was on a diving （潜水） trip in Greece three years ago when he was troubled by plastic. " There were more plastic bags than fishes，" he says. "That moment I realized it was a huge problem and that environmental problems are really the biggest problems we will face."
That fall，Slat，then 17，decided to study plastic pollution as part of a high school project.Soon，Slat learned that no one had yet thought of useful ways to clean up all the rubbish.Most people wanted to "fish" up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need more than 1，000 years，cost too much，and leave sea life along with the rubbish.
Slat decided to avoid these problems：a solar﹣powered system（太阳能系统）using a moving plastic tube（管） which will go around the rubbish and collect it.Wind and waves will push the rubbish to the tube.A ship will pick up the rubbish and take it back to the land.
Slat organized a team of volunteers for the Ocean Cleanup，which has about 100 members.Over the next three to four years，Slat will continue to test if his project is good enough.
（1）Slat first suggested cleaning up millions of tons of plastic to stop polluting the ocean.
（2）When Slat was diving in Greece，he found there were fewer fishes than plastic bags.
（3）"Fishing" up the plastic might need a long time and cost too much.
（4）Slat hoped the rubbish would be pushed to the tube by wind and waves.
（5）It will take Slat and his team over three to four years to test（测试） whether his project is good enough or not.
【答案】（1）plastic；polluting （2）fewer；than （3）long；cost （4）be pushed （5）take；whether
【分析】这篇文章介绍了Boyan Slat提出的一项清理海洋塑料垃圾的创新计划，强调了他如何通过深入了解问题并提出新方案来应对海洋污染。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Slat heard this over and over when he first suggested a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans."（当Slat首次提出清理污染我们海洋的数百万吨塑料垃圾的办法时，他不断听到这种反对声音。）可知，Slat提出的是清理"塑料垃圾"以停止其"污染"海洋的问题，因此空处应为"plastic"（塑料）和"polluting"（污染）。故答案为：plastic；polluting。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段"Slat was on a diving trip in Greece three years ago when he was troubled by plastic. 'There were more plastic bags than fishes，' he says."（三年前，Slat在希腊进行潜水旅行时，受到了塑料的困扰。"塑料袋比鱼还多，"他说。）可知，Slat在潜水时发现塑料袋"比"鱼"还多"，因此空处应为"fewer"（更多）和"than"（比）。故答案为：fewer；than。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段"Most people wanted to 'fish' up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need more than 1，000 years，cost too much，and leave sea life along with the rubbish."（大多数人希望通过使用网的船只来"捞起"塑料垃圾，但这可能需要超过1000年，成本过高，并且会把海洋生物也一同捞起。）可知，"捞起"塑料垃圾的传统方法需要"长时间"且"花费"太高，因此空处应为"long"（长的）和"cost"（花费）。故答案为：long；cost。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段"Wind and waves will push the rubbish to the tube."（风和波浪会把垃圾推到管子里。）可知，Slat希望垃圾被"风和波浪推到"管子里，因此空处应为"be pushed"（被推动）。故答案为：be pushed。
（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Over the next three to four years，Slat will continue to test if his project is good enough."（在接下来的三到四年里，Slat将继续测试他的项目是否足够好。）可知，Slat和他的团队将"花费"三到四年时间测试他的项目"是否"足够好，因此空处应为"take"（花费）和"whether"（是否）。故答案为：take；whether。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
2．Many people don't like to stay at home on holidays.They want to go out to see something different and do something exciting.So people from the country come to the city and people from the city go to the countryside for holidays.
On this May Day，my family went to the countryside by car for our holiday.There were too many cars on the road，so we had to move very slowly.It took us about an hour to get out of the city.After some time，we came to the foot of a mountain.It was clean and beautiful.We thought it was a good place for a picnic，so we stopped and took the food，fruit and drinks out of the car.We sat down under a big green tree and started to eat.Suddenly a strong wind blew and soon it started to rain.We had to run back to our car and have our picnic in the car.Then we drove back home.What terrible the trip was!
（1）Many people want to go out to see different things and do exciting things on holidays.
（2）The writer's family had to drove very slowly because there were too many cars on the road.
（3）From the second paragraph，we know that the writer's family may live in the city .
（4）In paragraph 2，the underlined word "it" refers to the mountain .
（5）The writer thought their trip was terrible .
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲了作者一家人度过的一个糟糕的旅行。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据They want to go out to see something different and do something exciting.（他们想出去看看不同的东西，做一些令人兴奋的事情。）可知他们想出去看看不同的东西，做一些令人兴奋的事情。故答案为different。
（2）细节理解题。根据There were too many cars on the road，so we had to move very slowly.（路上的车太多了，所以我们不得不走得很慢。）可知因为路上的车太多了。故答案为too many cars。
（3）推理判断题。根据It took us about an hour to get out of the city.（我们花了大约一个小时才离开这座城市。）可知住在城市。故答案为the city。
（4）细节理解题。根据After some time，we came to the foot of a mountain.It was clean and beautiful.We thought it was a good place for a picnic，（过了一段时间，我们来到了山脚下。它干净漂亮。我们认为这是野餐的好地方）可知指的是山。故答案为the mountain。
（5）细节理解题。根据What terrible the trip was!（这趟旅行真糟糕！）可知旅行真糟糕。故答案为terrible。
【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
3． Wang Meng，a university researcher told that he had not spoken to his parents for 12 years in a letter posted online.In his opinion，it is his parents that caused his mental（心里的） problems.
It is possibly true that a straight﹣A student is easier to get into problems caused by over control from their parents.
Wang Meng，in his thirties，was once a straight﹣A student，who graduated from Peking University.He didn't have the basic ability to take care of himself，though he was the best in all his subjects.Because of this，he was often laughed at by his classmates and roommates（室友）.He also had problems looking for a job.He says he has so little self﹣confidence that he cannot get along with other people，and this is part of his mental problems.
According to his letter，his life was always planned and decided by his parents.Although his parents agree there are some problems with their education，they still take pride in Wang's wonderful grades.
Wang Meng's story has drawn much attention.Getting good grades is not the only purpose of life.Their development and learning are expected to be connected with their interests and independence.Their parents shouldn't decide their life.
根据短文内容完成句子，每空一词。
（1）Wang Meng believed that it is his parents who caused his mental problems .
（2）Wang Meng， graduated from Peking University，was in his thirties .
（3）Wang Meng wasn't able to look after himself，so he was laughed at by his classmates and roommates.
（4）Wang Meng not only had problems in looking for a job but has so little self﹣confidence that he can't get along with others .
（5）Children's development and learning are expected to be connected with their interests and independence，and parents shouldn't made a decision about their children's lives.
【答案】（1）parents，problems
（2）graduated，thirties
（3）able；classmates
（4）job；others
（5）interests，decision
【分析】文章讲述了北大毕业的王蒙网上发信，称因父母过度控制致其心理问题，他成绩虽好却无自理能力、求职遇困，其生活被父母规划，此事引发关注并启示人们成绩非人生唯一追求，父母不应主导孩子人生。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Wang Meng，a university researcher told that he had not spoken to his parents for 12 years in a letter posted online.In his opinion，it is his parents that caused his mental problems."（王萌在网上发布的一封信中告诉他已经12年没有和父母说话了。他认为正是父母导致了他的心理问题。）可知，王萌认为正是他的"父母"导致了他的"心理问题"，因此空处应为"parents"和"problems"。故答案为：parents；problems。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 "Wang Meng，in his thirties，was once a straight﹣A student，who graduated from Peking University."（王萌，三十多岁，曾经是一名全优生，毕业于北京大学。）可知，王萌 "毕业" 于北京大学，年龄是在他的 "三十多岁"，所以空处依次为 "graduated" 和 "thirties"。故答案为：graduated；thirties。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 "He didn't have the basic ability to take care of himself，though he was the best in all his subjects.Because of this，he was often laughed at by his classmates and roommates （室友）."（尽管他各科成绩都是最好的，但他没有基本的自理能力。因此，他经常被他的同学和室友嘲笑。）可知，王萌不 "能" 照顾自己，所以被他的 "同学" 和室友嘲笑，空处依次为 "able" 和 "classmates"。故答案为：able；classmates。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段 "He also had problems looking for a job.He says he has so little self﹣confidence that he cannot get along with other people，and this is part of his mental problems."（他在找工作方面也有问题。他说他非常缺乏自信，以至于无法与其他人相处，这是他心理问题的一部分。）可知，王萌不仅在找 "工作" 方面有问题，而且自信心不足，无法与 "其他人" 相处，空处依次为 "job" 和 "others"。故答案为：job；others。
（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段 "Their development and learning are expected to be connected with their interests and independence.Their parents shouldn't decide their life."（他们的发展和学习应该与他们的兴趣和独立性相联系。他们的父母不应该决定他们的生活。）可知，孩子的发展和学习应该与他们的 "兴趣" 和独立性相联系，父母不应该对孩子的生活做 "决定"，空处依次为 "interests" 和 "decision"。故答案为：interests；decision。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
4． Note﹣taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork.It can make you confident when you are studying.But unluckily，most students don't know how to take notes.
If your teacher writes notes on the blackboard，that's great.You can copy them or write down the most important facts of all in class.Different teachers do things differently.For example，some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class，but they only write the important ones on the blackboard.Other teachers may not write anything down，but they may say something important again and again.
Don't try to write down every word in class，or you might miss some important points.
Some students really learn better with the help of these notes.
Don't be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you've missed.If your teacher speaks too fast and you can't follow what he is saying，you can ask him after paring your notes with your classmates can be good for your learning.It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes.
Good note﹣taking takes time.If you decide to recopy your notes every evening，you'll surely have less time to watch TV.But you'll save time in the coming test.
（1）While you are studying，taking notes can make you confident and it can help you do well in all your schoolwork.
（2）Some teachers may repeat the important facts instead of writing them down.
（3）If you miss some important points or can't follow your teacher in class ，don't be afraid to ask him.
（4）Surely，you will have less time to watch TV if you make a decision to recopy your notes every evening .
（5）This passage mainly tells students how they can take notes .
【答案】（1）confident；all（2）repeat；writing（3）follow；afraid（4）less；evening（5）take；notes
【分析】短文讲了记笔记是一种可以帮助你在所有功课上都做好的技能，详细地介绍了学生如何记笔记。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Note﹣taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork.It can make you confident when you are studying.（记笔记是一项可以帮助你做好所有功课的技能。它可以让你在学习时充满信心。）可知，当你学习的时候，记笔记可以让你自信，它可以帮助你做好所有的功课。故填：confident；all。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Different teachers do things differently.For example，some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class，but they only write the important ones on the blackboard.Other teachers may not write anything down，but they may say something important again and again.（不同的老师做事不一样。例如，一些老师可能在课堂上关注大量的日期和事实，但他们只把重要的写在黑板上。其他老师可能不会写下什么，但他们可能会一遍又一遍地说一些重要的事情。）可知，一些老师可能会重复重要的事实，而不是把它们写下来。故填：repeat；writing。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段 Don't be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you've missed.If your teacher speaks too fast and you can't follow what he is saying，you can ask him after class.（不要害怕让你的老师重复你错过的内容。如果你的老师说得太快，你听不懂他在说什么，你可以课后问他。）可知，如果你错过了一些重要的要点或者在课堂上跟不上你的老师，不要害怕问他。故填：follow；afraid。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段If you decide to recopy your notes every evening，you'll surely have less time to watch TV.（如果你决定每天晚上都抄笔记，你看电视的时间肯定会减少。）可知，当然，如果你决定每天晚上都抄笔记，你看电视的时间就会减少。故填：less；evening。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第一段Note﹣taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork.It can make you confident when you are studying.But unluckily，most students don't know how to take notes.（记笔记是一种能帮助你做好所有功课的技能。它可以让你在学习的时候充满自信。但不幸的是，大多数学生不知道如何做笔记。）可知，这篇文章主要告诉学生如何做笔记。故填：take；notes。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
5． No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22，1998.It was started to protect the environment.By now，more than 1，000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.
The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001.Other cities，including Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan also support the day.
In Beijing，more and more people are joining in the activity.It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work.It also calls on（号召） Beijingers not to use cars on June 5（World Environment Day）.The slogan（口号） for the day is，"If we drive for one less day，we can have one more nice day."
So far，more than 200，000 drivers have shown their support."We can't control the weather，but we can choose not to drive，"said Wu Zonghua，a car club chairman.Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year.In the first quarter of this year Beijing only have 52 blue sky days.This was 11 days less than the number for the same period last year.Much of the dust（灰尘） comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution.We must do more for No Car Day.
（1）No Car Day was first started to protect the environment .（5个词以内）
（2）According to the passage there are several cities in China that support No Car Day and they are Chengdu，Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan .（10个词以内）
（3）The activity of No Car Day encourages Beijing drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work .（20个词以内）
（4）According to the passage there were sixty﹣three blue sky days in the first quarter of last year .（10个词以内）
（5）We can know from the passage that much of the dust comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution .（20个词以内）
【答案】（1）protect the environment
（2）Chengdu，Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan
（3）to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work
（4）in the first quarter of last year
（5）much of the dust comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution
【分析】本文主要讲述了1998年9月22日，法国34个城市首次启动无车日，开始保护环境，到目前为止，全世界超过1000个城市拥有无车日。文中重点介绍了中国无车日的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句It was started to protect the environment.（它被启动是为了保护环境。）可知，无车日最初被启动是为了保护环境。故答案为：protect the environment。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001.Other cities，including Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan also support the day.（中国第一个无车日是2001年在成都启动的。其他的城市，包括台北、上海和武汉也都支持这一天。）可知，中国支持无车日的城市有成都、台北、上海和武汉。故答案为：Chengdu，Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第三段中It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work.（它要求司机每个月有一天把他们的车放在家里，步行或骑自行车去上班。）可知，无车日活动鼓励北京司机每个月有一天把他们的车放在家里，步行或骑自行车去上班。故答案为：to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中In the first quarter of this year Beijing only have 52 blue sky days.This was 11 days less than the number for the same period last year.（今年第一季度北京只有52个蓝天。这比去年同期减少了11天。）可知，有63个蓝天是在去年第一季度。故答案为：in the first quarter of last year。
（5）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中最后两句Much of the dust comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution.We must do more for No Car Day.（大部分灰尘来自沙漠，但汽车造成了大部分污染。我们必须为无车日做更多的事。）可知，我们可以从文章中知道大部分灰尘来自沙漠，但汽车造成了大部分污染。故答案为：much of the dust comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution。
【点评】这是个任务型阅读题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案。
6． What kind of shoes do you wear most？Perhaps leather shoes or sports shoes.But Chinese people used to wear hand﹣made cloth shoes.
According to historical records，ordinary people were not allowed to wear boots during the Ming Dynasty.Because of this，cloth shoes became popular，especially in Sichuan Province.
Tangchang，a town in Chengdu，is known for making multi﹣sole （千层底的） cloth shoes，which means the shoes' soles are made of many layers of cloth.Tangchang cloth shoes have been made for more than 700 years.
There are 32 steps to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.The soles and upper parts of the shoes are made in a unique way，representing the traditional skill of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.For example，the sole's edges are not covered with cloth.They look fluffy.This is done through repeated polishing （打磨） and trimming（修剪）.
With over 20 types，Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and friendly to the environment.In 2018，they were added to Sichuan's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） list.
（1）During the Ming Dynasty， ordinary people were not allowed to wear boots.
（2）Multi﹣sole cloth shoes are made of many layers of cloth .
（3）There are 32 steps to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.
（4）Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and friendly to the environment
（5）The unique way of making Tangchang cloth shoes stand for the traditional skill of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.
【答案】（1）ordinary people（2）many layers of cloth（3）32 steps （4）friendly to the environment（5）traditional skill
【分析】本文介绍了四川省唐昌千层底布鞋的历史和特点。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段According to historical records，ordinary people were not allowed to wear boots during the Ming Dynasty.（据史料记载，明朝时不允许普通人穿靴子。）可知明朝时不允许普通人穿靴子。故填ordinary people。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Tangchang，a town in Chengdu，is known for making multi﹣sole （千层底的） cloth shoes，which means the shoes' soles are made of many layers of cloth.（唐昌，成都的一个小镇，以制作千层底布鞋而闻名，即鞋底由多层布制成。）可知千层底布鞋是由多层布制成。故填many layers of cloth。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段There are 32 steps to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.（制作一双唐昌布鞋有 32 个步骤。）可知制作一双唐昌布鞋有 32 个步骤。故填32 steps。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段With over 20 types，Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and friendly to the environment.（唐昌布鞋有 20 多种款式，结实、透气、环保。）可知唐昌布鞋结实、透气、环保。故填friendly to the environment。
（5）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The soles and upper parts of the shoes are made in a unique way，representing the traditional skill of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.（鞋底和鞋帮的制作方法独特，体现了川西布鞋制作的传统技艺。）可知唐昌布鞋独特的制作方法体现了川西布鞋制作的传统技艺。故填traditional skill。
【点评】主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案。
7． How has technology made your life easier？When you go to a shopping mall，you can enjoy free Wi﹣Fi there.When you want to take a taxi，you can order one with your phone.In fact all of these things can be seen as the first step of a smart city.
The idea of smart city was first suggested by a tech company，IBM in 2010.A smart city is a city that uses digital technology（数码技术），like 5 G networks，to save money，resources（资源） and make our life more convenient.
Cities like Boston and Amsterdam are already using smart technology to improve public services.In Boston，smart rubbish bins can been seen everywhere.When the rubbish bins are almost full，they can ring loudly to remind cleaners to clean them.
Smart cities will allow us to save puters and 5 G networks help check water，gas pipes.In this way，they could easily remind workers to fix them when there is a leak（泄露）in them.
Of course，it will take time to build the smart cities of the future.But since we've already seen successful examples，it won't be long until more cities join them.By 2050，about 60% of people will live in smart cities.And I believe they will make our life easier for sure.
（1）What can you do if you want to order taxis according to the passage？
I can order taxis with my phone .
（2）When was the idea of smart city first suggested？
It was first suggested in 2010 .
（3）What are the advantages（优势） of the digital technology according to the second paragraph？
It can help us save money，resources and make our lives more convenient.
（4）How can smart bins remind cleaners when they are almost full？
They can remind cleaners by ringing loudly .
（5）What can we learn from the passage？
Technology can make our life easier .
【答案】（1）with my phone
（2）in 2010
（3）save money，resources
（4）ringing loudly
（5）our life easier
【分析】本文主要讲述了智能城市将会使我们的生活更加轻松便捷。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段When you want to take a taxi，you can order one with your phone.（当你想打车的时候，你可以用手机叫一辆。）可知我可以用手机叫出租车。故填：with my phone。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The idea of smart city was first suggested by a tech company，IBM in 2010.（智慧城市的想法最早是由一家科技公司IBM在2010年提出的。）可知智慧城市的想法最早是在2010年提出的。故填：in 2010。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段A smart city is a city that uses digital technology（数码技术），like 5 G networks，to save money，resources（资源） and make our life more convenient.（智慧城市是一个使用数字技术，如5 G网络来节省资金、资源并使我们的生活更加便利的城市。）可知它可以帮助我们节省金钱、资源，让我们的生活更方便。故填：save money，resources。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段When the rubbish bins are almost full，they can ring loudly to remind cleaners to clean them.（当垃圾桶快满的时候，它们可以大声地响起来提醒清洁工打扫。）可知它们可以通过大声响铃来提醒清洁工。故填：ringing loudly。
（5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段And I believe they will make our life easier for sure.（我相信他们肯定会让我们的生活更轻松。）可知技术可以让我们的生活更轻松。故填：our life easier。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
8．
"Fall" and "Autumn"
What season is it in October？If you ask people from UK，they will tell you it's "autumn".But if you go to US，you will find that people use "autumn" or "fall".
According to Dictionary.com，both words have been around for a long time，but neither of them was first to describe this season.During this season，crops would become ripe （成熟） and farmers would have a big harvest.So in Old English，this season was simply called "harvest".
Then，in the 1600s，more people left their farms and moved to cities.With fewer people farming，the word "harvest" became less useful.English speakers needed a different name for the season.They knew leaves fell from trees during the season，so people started calling it "the fall of the leaf"，or "fall" for short.
But at the end of the 1600s，autumn，from the French word "autompne" and the Latin "autumnus"，came to English. "Fall" as the word for this season disappeared slowly.
At the same time，people in UK were making their first trip to North America.They brought the words "fall" and "autumn" with them.That's why today Americans have two names for one season.
（1）According to the passage，either autumn or fall is in October every year.
（2）People call this season "harvest" in Old English because crops would become ripe .
（3）In the 1600s，more people left their farms to move to cities.
（4）Fall is short for the fall of the leaf.
（5）The passage is mainly about the history of the names of the season in October.
【答案】（1）in October
（2）crops；ripe
（3）move to
（4）short for
（5）the history
【分析】本文主要介绍了英语中"秋季"的两个名称"autumn"和"fall"的历史。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"What season is it in October？If you ask people from UK，they will tell you it's 'autumn'.But if you go to US，you will find that people use 'autumn' or 'fall'."（十月是什么季节？如果你问英国人，他们会告诉你现在是"秋天"。但是如果你去美国，你会发现人们用"autumn"或"fall"。）可知，不管是"autumn"还是"fall"都在每年的十月。故填in October。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"During this season，crops would become ripe （成熟） and farmers would have a big harvest.So in Old English，this season was simply called 'harvest'."（在这个季节，庄稼会成熟，农民会有一个大丰收。所以在古英语中，这个季节被简单地称为"harvest"。）可知，在古英语中，人们称这个季节为"harvest"是因为作物会成熟。故填crops；ripe。
（3）细节理解题。根据第3段"Then，in the 1600s，more people left their farms and moved to cities."（然后，在17世纪，更多的人离开了他们的农场，搬到了城市。）可知，在17世纪，更多的人离开了他们的农场，搬到了城市。故填move to。
（4）细节理解题。根据第3段"so people started calling it 'the fall of the leaf'，or 'fall' for short."（所以人们开始称它为"落叶"，或者简称为"fall"。）可知，fall是the fall of the leaf的缩写，be short for"是……的缩写"。故填short for。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第1段"What season is it in October？If you ask people from UK，they will tell you it's 'autumn'.But if you go to US，you will find that people use 'autumn' or 'fall'."（十月是什么季节？如果你问英国人，他们会告诉你现在是"秋天"。但是如果你去美国，你会发现人们用"autumn"或"fall"。）和通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了十月的季节名称"autumn"和"fall"的历史，故填the history。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
9．Hi!I'm the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway.I've felt happy recently because a new high﹣speed railway now links the two cities.Do you want to know my story？
I was born in 1909.I'm 114 years old now.The one who made me was Zhan Tianyou.He was a brave and smart man.He believed China should build its own railways without other countries' help.So he built me，China's first self﹣built railway.
At first，my trains used steam（蒸汽） and they were very slow.Their top speed was only 35 km/h.Then，the trains started to use diesel（柴油）.Later，there were even better trains that used electricity.But it still took more than three hours to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou，Hebei.
In 2019，the new high﹣speed railway opened on Dec.30.I was so excited.It will help people travel more faster.The high﹣speed train has a top speed of 350 km/h!It only takes 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou.
During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics，Beijing and Zhangjiakou，the two host cities of the event，welcomed lots of people from around the world.
I'm too old to keep working these days，but people will keep me as part of history.It's a little sad.But I'm still proud of all the changes China has made.Zhan Tianyou must be proud too.
（1）The Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway was built in 1909 .
（2）Zhan Tianyou was a brave and smart man.
（3）At first，the trains' top speed was only 35 km/h because they used steam .
（4）It only takes 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou by high﹣speed trains.
（5）After reading the passage，we may feel proud about the changes of China.
【答案】（1）1909 （2）brave and smart （3）used steam （4）47 minutes （5）proud
【分析】本文主要介绍了京张铁路的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"I was born in 1909."（我出生于1909年。）可知，京张铁路修建于1909年。故填1909。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"The one who made me was Zhan Tianyou.He was a brave and smart man."（造就我的是詹天佑。他是一个勇敢而聪明的人。）可知，詹天佑是一个勇敢聪明的人。故填brave and smart。
（3）细节理解题。根据第3段"At first，my trains used steam（蒸汽） and they were very slow.Their top speed was only 35 km/h."（起初，我的火车使用蒸汽，而且速度很慢。他们的最高速度只有35公里/小时。）可知，起初，火车的最高时速只有35千米，因为它们使用的是蒸汽。故填used steam。
（4）细节理解题。根据第4段"The high﹣speed train has a top speed of 350 km/h!It only takes 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou."（高速列车的最高速度是350公里/小时！从北京到张家口只需47分钟。）可知，坐高铁从北京到张家口只需要47分钟。故填47 minutes。
（5）细节理解题。根据第6段"But I'm still proud of all the changes China has made.Zhan Tianyou must be proud too."（但我仍然为中国所做的一切改变感到骄傲。詹天佑一定也很骄傲。）可知，在读了这篇文章后，我们可能会对中国的变化感到自豪。故填proud。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
10． Water is believed to be the lifeblood.Chinese civilization is one of the world's ancient river civilizations.For thousands of years，the Yellow River，the Yangtze River and other rivers have run through the land of China.They connect the Chinese culture to water from the birth of Chinese civilization.
However，water doesn't just have a useful side.Water is highly important for lives and growing things，but if we don't control it，it can also cause big problems.In order to use water in the best way possibly，Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to manage bad effects of water.For ex﹣ample，the Dujiangyan in Sichuan was cleverly built.It makes full use of nature of the area without harming the environment.
Water is also given special meanings to educate Chinese people.According to Confucius，water had qualities such as fairness and courage.One of his famous sayings"He who is wise loves water，he who is virtuous（道德高尚的）loves mountains."is still popular today.
World Water Day is held on March 22nd every year.Being the most common thing in daily life，water stands for a culture that is in the heart of every Chinese.We should take action to value and save water.
（1）Chinese civilization is one of the world's ancient river civilizations.
（2）Water has a useful side ，but it can also cause big problems if we don't control it.
（3）Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to manage bad effects of water .
（4）Water is also given special meanings to educate Chinese people.
（5）The writer suggests every Chinese take action to value and save water .
【答案】（1）the world's ancient river
（2）a useful side
（3）manage bad effects of water
（4）special meanings
（5）value and save water
【分析】本文主要介绍了水被认为是生命之源，作为日常生活中最常见的东西，水代表着每个中国人心中的文化，我们应该采取行动重视和节约用水。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Chinese civilization is one of the world's ancient river civilizations.（中华文明是世界上最古老的河流文明之一。）可知中华文明是世界上最古老的河流文明之一。故填：the world's ancient river。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中However，water doesn't just have a useful side.Water is highly important for lives and growing things，but if we don't control it，it can also cause big problems.（然而，水不仅仅有有用的一面。水对生命和作物非常重要，但如果我们不控制它，它也会造成大问题。）可知水有有用的一面，但如果我们不控制它，它也会造成大问题。故填：a useful side。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段中In order to use water in the best way possibly，Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to manage bad effects of water.（为了尽可能以最好的方式使用水，中国人一直试图找到更好的方法来管理水的不良影响。）可知中国人民一直试图找到更好的方法来管理水的不良影响。故填：manage bad effects of water。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段首句Water is also given special meanings to educate Chinese people.（水也被赋予了特殊的意义来教育中国人。）可知水也被赋予特殊的意义来教育中国人。故填：special meanings。
（5）细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句We should take action to value and save water.（我们应该采取行动重视和节约用水。）可知作者建议每个中国人采取行动，重视和节约用水。故填：value and save water。
【点评】这是个任务型阅读题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案。
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中考英语专项训练 阅读完成句子
一．任务型阅读（共10小题）
1． "It can't be done." Boyan Slat heard this over and over when he first suggested a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans.
Slat was on a diving （潜水） trip in Greece three years ago when he was troubled by plastic. " There were more plastic bags than fishes，" he says. "That moment I realized it was a huge problem and that environmental problems are really the biggest problems we will face."
That fall，Slat，then 17，decided to study plastic pollution as part of a high school project.Soon，Slat learned that no one had yet thought of useful ways to clean up all the rubbish.Most people wanted to "fish" up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need more than 1，000 years，cost too much，and leave sea life along with the rubbish.
Slat decided to avoid these problems：a solar﹣powered system（太阳能系统）using a moving plastic tube（管） which will go around the rubbish and collect it.Wind and waves will push the rubbish to the tube.A ship will pick up the rubbish and take it back to the land.
Slat organized a team of volunteers for the Ocean Cleanup，which has about 100 members.Over the next three to four years，Slat will continue to test if his project is good enough.
（1）Slat first suggested cleaning up millions of tons of to stop the ocean.
（2）When Slat was diving in Greece，he found there were fishes plastic bags.
（3）"Fishing" up the plastic might need a time and too much.
（4）Slat hoped the rubbish would to the tube by wind and waves.
（5）It will Slat and his team over three to four years to test（测试） his project is good enough or not.
2．Many people don't like to stay at home on holidays.They want to go out to see something different and do something exciting.So people from the country come to the city and people from the city go to the countryside for holidays.
On this May Day，my family went to the countryside by car for our holiday.There were too many cars on the road，so we had to move very slowly.It took us about an hour to get out of the city.After some time，we came to the foot of a mountain.It was clean and beautiful.We thought it was a good place for a picnic，so we stopped and took the food，fruit and drinks out of the car.We sat down under a big green tree and started to eat.Suddenly a strong wind blew and soon it started to rain.We had to run back to our car and have our picnic in the car.Then we drove back home.What terrible the trip was!
（1）Many people want to go out to see things and do exciting things on holidays.
（2）The writer's family had to drove very slowly because there were on the road.
（3）From the second paragraph，we know that the writer's family may live in .
（4）In paragraph 2，the underlined word "it" refers to .
（5）The writer thought their trip was .
3． Wang Meng，a university researcher told that he had not spoken to his parents for 12 years in a letter posted online.In his opinion，it is his parents that caused his mental（心里的） problems.
It is possibly true that a straight﹣A student is easier to get into problems caused by over control from their parents.
Wang Meng，in his thirties，was once a straight﹣A student，who graduated from Peking University.He didn't have the basic ability to take care of himself，though he was the best in all his subjects.Because of this，he was often laughed at by his classmates and roommates（室友）.He also had problems looking for a job.He says he has so little self﹣confidence that he cannot get along with other people，and this is part of his mental problems.
According to his letter，his life was always planned and decided by his parents.Although his parents agree there are some problems with their education，they still take pride in Wang's wonderful grades.
Wang Meng's story has drawn much attention.Getting good grades is not the only purpose of life.Their development and learning are expected to be connected with their interests and independence.Their parents shouldn't decide their life.
根据短文内容完成句子，每空一词。
（1）Wang Meng believed that it is his who caused his mental .
（2）Wang Meng， from Peking University，was in his .
（3）Wang Meng wasn't to look after himself，so he was laughed at by his and roommates.
（4）Wang Meng not only had problems in looking for a but has so little self﹣confidence that he can't get along with .
（5）Children's development and learning are expected to be connected with their and independence，and parents shouldn't made a about their children's lives.
4． Note﹣taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork.It can make you confident when you are studying.But unluckily，most students don't know how to take notes.
If your teacher writes notes on the blackboard，that's great.You can copy them or write down the most important facts of all in class.Different teachers do things differently.For example，some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class，but they only write the important ones on the blackboard.Other teachers may not write anything down，but they may say something important again and again.
Don't try to write down every word in class，or you might miss some important points.
Some students really learn better with the help of these notes.
Don't be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you've missed.If your teacher speaks too fast and you can't follow what he is saying，you can ask him after paring your notes with your classmates can be good for your learning.It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes.
Good note﹣taking takes time.If you decide to recopy your notes every evening，you'll surely have less time to watch TV.But you'll save time in the coming test.
（1）While you are studying，taking notes can make you and it can help you do well in your schoolwork.
（2）Some teachers may the important facts instead of them down.
（3）If you miss some important points or can't your teacher in class ，don't be to ask him.
（4）Surely，you will have time to watch TV if you make a decision to recopy your notes every .
（5）This passage mainly tells students how they can .
5． No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22，1998.It was started to protect the environment.By now，more than 1，000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.
The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001.Other cities，including Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan also support the day.
In Beijing，more and more people are joining in the activity.It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work.It also calls on（号召） Beijingers not to use cars on June 5（World Environment Day）.The slogan（口号） for the day is，"If we drive for one less day，we can have one more nice day."
So far，more than 200，000 drivers have shown their support."We can't control the weather，but we can choose not to drive，"said Wu Zonghua，a car club chairman.Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year.In the first quarter of this year Beijing only have 52 blue sky days.This was 11 days less than the number for the same period last year.Much of the dust（灰尘） comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution.We must do more for No Car Day.
（1）No Car Day was first started to .（5个词以内）
（2）According to the passage there are several cities in China that support No Car Day and they are .（10个词以内）
（3）The activity of No Car Day encourages Beijing drivers .（20个词以内）
（4）According to the passage there were sixty﹣three blue sky days .（10个词以内）
（5）We can know from the passage that .（20个词以内）
6． What kind of shoes do you wear most？Perhaps leather shoes or sports shoes.But Chinese people used to wear hand﹣made cloth shoes.
According to historical records，ordinary people were not allowed to wear boots during the Ming Dynasty.Because of this，cloth shoes became popular，especially in Sichuan Province.
Tangchang，a town in Chengdu，is known for making multi﹣sole （千层底的） cloth shoes，which means the shoes' soles are made of many layers of cloth.Tangchang cloth shoes have been made for more than 700 years.
There are 32 steps to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.The soles and upper parts of the shoes are made in a unique way，representing the traditional skill of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.For example，the sole's edges are not covered with cloth.They look fluffy.This is done through repeated polishing （打磨） and trimming（修剪）.
With over 20 types，Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and friendly to the environment.In 2018，they were added to Sichuan's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） list.
（1）During the Ming Dynasty， were not allowed to wear boots.
（2）Multi﹣sole cloth shoes are made of .
（3）There are to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.
（4）Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and
（5）The unique way of making Tangchang cloth shoes stand for the of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.
7． How has technology made your life easier？When you go to a shopping mall，you can enjoy free Wi﹣Fi there.When you want to take a taxi，you can order one with your phone.In fact all of these things can be seen as the first step of a smart city.
The idea of smart city was first suggested by a tech company，IBM in 2010.A smart city is a city that uses digital technology（数码技术），like 5 G networks，to save money，resources（资源） and make our life more convenient.
Cities like Boston and Amsterdam are already using smart technology to improve public services.In Boston，smart rubbish bins can been seen everywhere.When the rubbish bins are almost full，they can ring loudly to remind cleaners to clean them.
Smart cities will allow us to save puters and 5 G networks help check water，gas pipes.In this way，they could easily remind workers to fix them when there is a leak（泄露）in them.
Of course，it will take time to build the smart cities of the future.But since we've already seen successful examples，it won't be long until more cities join them.By 2050，about 60% of people will live in smart cities.And I believe they will make our life easier for sure.
（1）What can you do if you want to order taxis according to the passage？
I can order taxis .
（2）When was the idea of smart city first suggested？
It was first suggested .
（3）What are the advantages（优势） of the digital technology according to the second paragraph？
It can help us and make our lives more convenient.
（4）How can smart bins remind cleaners when they are almost full？
They can remind cleaners by .
（5）What can we learn from the passage？
Technology can make .
8．
"Fall" and "Autumn"
What season is it in October？If you ask people from UK，they will tell you it's "autumn".But if you go to US，you will find that people use "autumn" or "fall".
According to Dictionary.com，both words have been around for a long time，but neither of them was first to describe this season.During this season，crops would become ripe （成熟） and farmers would have a big harvest.So in Old English，this season was simply called "harvest".
Then，in the 1600s，more people left their farms and moved to cities.With fewer people farming，the word "harvest" became less useful.English speakers needed a different name for the season.They knew leaves fell from trees during the season，so people started calling it "the fall of the leaf"，or "fall" for short.
But at the end of the 1600s，autumn，from the French word "autompne" and the Latin "autumnus"，came to English. "Fall" as the word for this season disappeared slowly.
At the same time，people in UK were making their first trip to North America.They brought the words "fall" and "autumn" with them.That's why today Americans have two names for one season.
（1）According to the passage，either autumn or fall is every year.
（2）People call this season "harvest" in Old English because would become .
（3）In the 1600s，more people left their farms to cities.
（4）Fall is the fall of the leaf.
（5）The passage is mainly about of the names of the season in October.
9．Hi!I'm the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway.I've felt happy recently because a new high﹣speed railway now links the two cities.Do you want to know my story？
I was born in 1909.I'm 114 years old now.The one who made me was Zhan Tianyou.He was a brave and smart man.He believed China should build its own railways without other countries' help.So he built me，China's first self﹣built railway.
At first，my trains used steam（蒸汽） and they were very slow.Their top speed was only 35 km/h.Then，the trains started to use diesel（柴油）.Later，there were even better trains that used electricity.But it still took more than three hours to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou，Hebei.
In 2019，the new high﹣speed railway opened on Dec.30.I was so excited.It will help people travel more faster.The high﹣speed train has a top speed of 350 km/h!It only takes 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou.
During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics，Beijing and Zhangjiakou，the two host cities of the event，welcomed lots of people from around the world.
I'm too old to keep working these days，but people will keep me as part of history.It's a little sad.But I'm still proud of all the changes China has made.Zhan Tianyou must be proud too.
（1）The Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway was built in .
（2）Zhan Tianyou was a man.
（3）At first，the trains' top speed was only 35 km/h because they .
（4）It only takes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou by high﹣speed trains.
（5）After reading the passage，we may feel about the changes of China.
10． Water is believed to be the lifeblood.Chinese civilization is one of the world's ancient river civilizations.For thousands of years，the Yellow River，the Yangtze River and other rivers have run through the land of China.They connect the Chinese culture to water from the birth of Chinese civilization.
However，water doesn't just have a useful side.Water is highly important for lives and growing things，but if we don't control it，it can also cause big problems.In order to use water in the best way possibly，Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to manage bad effects of water.For ex﹣ample，the Dujiangyan in Sichuan was cleverly built.It makes full use of nature of the area without harming the environment.
Water is also given special meanings to educate Chinese people.According to Confucius，water had qualities such as fairness and courage.One of his famous sayings"He who is wise loves water，he who is virtuous（道德高尚的）loves mountains."is still popular today.
World Water Day is held on March 22nd every year.Being the most common thing in daily life，water stands for a culture that is in the heart of every Chinese.We should take action to value and save water.
（1）Chinese civilization is one of civilizations.
（2）Water has ，but it can also cause big problems if we don't control it.
（3）Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to .
（4）Water is also given to educate Chinese people.
（5）The writer suggests every Chinese take action to .
中考英语专项训练 阅读完成句子
参考答案与试题解析
一．任务型阅读（共10小题）
1． "It can't be done." Boyan Slat heard this over and over when he first suggested a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans.
Slat was on a diving （潜水） trip in Greece three years ago when he was troubled by plastic. " There were more plastic bags than fishes，" he says. "That moment I realized it was a huge problem and that environmental problems are really the biggest problems we will face."
That fall，Slat，then 17，decided to study plastic pollution as part of a high school project.Soon，Slat learned that no one had yet thought of useful ways to clean up all the rubbish.Most people wanted to "fish" up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need more than 1，000 years，cost too much，and leave sea life along with the rubbish.
Slat decided to avoid these problems：a solar﹣powered system（太阳能系统）using a moving plastic tube（管） which will go around the rubbish and collect it.Wind and waves will push the rubbish to the tube.A ship will pick up the rubbish and take it back to the land.
Slat organized a team of volunteers for the Ocean Cleanup，which has about 100 members.Over the next three to four years，Slat will continue to test if his project is good enough.
（1）Slat first suggested cleaning up millions of tons of plastic to stop polluting the ocean.
（2）When Slat was diving in Greece，he found there were fewer fishes than plastic bags.
（3）"Fishing" up the plastic might need a long time and cost too much.
（4）Slat hoped the rubbish would be pushed to the tube by wind and waves.
（5）It will take Slat and his team over three to four years to test（测试） whether his project is good enough or not.
【答案】（1）plastic；polluting （2）fewer；than （3）long；cost （4）be pushed （5）take；whether
【分析】这篇文章介绍了Boyan Slat提出的一项清理海洋塑料垃圾的创新计划，强调了他如何通过深入了解问题并提出新方案来应对海洋污染。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Slat heard this over and over when he first suggested a way to clean up millions of tons of plastic polluting our oceans."（当Slat首次提出清理污染我们海洋的数百万吨塑料垃圾的办法时，他不断听到这种反对声音。）可知，Slat提出的是清理"塑料垃圾"以停止其"污染"海洋的问题，因此空处应为"plastic"（塑料）和"polluting"（污染）。故答案为：plastic；polluting。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段"Slat was on a diving trip in Greece three years ago when he was troubled by plastic. 'There were more plastic bags than fishes，' he says."（三年前，Slat在希腊进行潜水旅行时，受到了塑料的困扰。"塑料袋比鱼还多，"他说。）可知，Slat在潜水时发现塑料袋"比"鱼"还多"，因此空处应为"fewer"（更多）和"than"（比）。故答案为：fewer；than。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段"Most people wanted to 'fish' up the plastic using ships with nets—which might need more than 1，000 years，cost too much，and leave sea life along with the rubbish."（大多数人希望通过使用网的船只来"捞起"塑料垃圾，但这可能需要超过1000年，成本过高，并且会把海洋生物也一同捞起。）可知，"捞起"塑料垃圾的传统方法需要"长时间"且"花费"太高，因此空处应为"long"（长的）和"cost"（花费）。故答案为：long；cost。
（4）细节理解题。根据第四段"Wind and waves will push the rubbish to the tube."（风和波浪会把垃圾推到管子里。）可知，Slat希望垃圾被"风和波浪推到"管子里，因此空处应为"be pushed"（被推动）。故答案为：be pushed。
（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Over the next three to four years，Slat will continue to test if his project is good enough."（在接下来的三到四年里，Slat将继续测试他的项目是否足够好。）可知，Slat和他的团队将"花费"三到四年时间测试他的项目"是否"足够好，因此空处应为"take"（花费）和"whether"（是否）。故答案为：take；whether。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
2．Many people don't like to stay at home on holidays.They want to go out to see something different and do something exciting.So people from the country come to the city and people from the city go to the countryside for holidays.
On this May Day，my family went to the countryside by car for our holiday.There were too many cars on the road，so we had to move very slowly.It took us about an hour to get out of the city.After some time，we came to the foot of a mountain.It was clean and beautiful.We thought it was a good place for a picnic，so we stopped and took the food，fruit and drinks out of the car.We sat down under a big green tree and started to eat.Suddenly a strong wind blew and soon it started to rain.We had to run back to our car and have our picnic in the car.Then we drove back home.What terrible the trip was!
（1）Many people want to go out to see different things and do exciting things on holidays.
（2）The writer's family had to drove very slowly because there were too many cars on the road.
（3）From the second paragraph，we know that the writer's family may live in the city .
（4）In paragraph 2，the underlined word "it" refers to the mountain .
（5）The writer thought their trip was terrible .
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要讲了作者一家人度过的一个糟糕的旅行。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据They want to go out to see something different and do something exciting.（他们想出去看看不同的东西，做一些令人兴奋的事情。）可知他们想出去看看不同的东西，做一些令人兴奋的事情。故答案为different。
（2）细节理解题。根据There were too many cars on the road，so we had to move very slowly.（路上的车太多了，所以我们不得不走得很慢。）可知因为路上的车太多了。故答案为too many cars。
（3）推理判断题。根据It took us about an hour to get out of the city.（我们花了大约一个小时才离开这座城市。）可知住在城市。故答案为the city。
（4）细节理解题。根据After some time，we came to the foot of a mountain.It was clean and beautiful.We thought it was a good place for a picnic，（过了一段时间，我们来到了山脚下。它干净漂亮。我们认为这是野餐的好地方）可知指的是山。故答案为the mountain。
（5）细节理解题。根据What terrible the trip was!（这趟旅行真糟糕！）可知旅行真糟糕。故答案为terrible。
【点评】首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
3． Wang Meng，a university researcher told that he had not spoken to his parents for 12 years in a letter posted online.In his opinion，it is his parents that caused his mental（心里的） problems.
It is possibly true that a straight﹣A student is easier to get into problems caused by over control from their parents.
Wang Meng，in his thirties，was once a straight﹣A student，who graduated from Peking University.He didn't have the basic ability to take care of himself，though he was the best in all his subjects.Because of this，he was often laughed at by his classmates and roommates（室友）.He also had problems looking for a job.He says he has so little self﹣confidence that he cannot get along with other people，and this is part of his mental problems.
According to his letter，his life was always planned and decided by his parents.Although his parents agree there are some problems with their education，they still take pride in Wang's wonderful grades.
Wang Meng's story has drawn much attention.Getting good grades is not the only purpose of life.Their development and learning are expected to be connected with their interests and independence.Their parents shouldn't decide their life.
根据短文内容完成句子，每空一词。
（1）Wang Meng believed that it is his parents who caused his mental problems .
（2）Wang Meng， graduated from Peking University，was in his thirties .
（3）Wang Meng wasn't able to look after himself，so he was laughed at by his classmates and roommates.
（4）Wang Meng not only had problems in looking for a job but has so little self﹣confidence that he can't get along with others .
（5）Children's development and learning are expected to be connected with their interests and independence，and parents shouldn't made a decision about their children's lives.
【答案】（1）parents，problems
（2）graduated，thirties
（3）able；classmates
（4）job；others
（5）interests，decision
【分析】文章讲述了北大毕业的王蒙网上发信，称因父母过度控制致其心理问题，他成绩虽好却无自理能力、求职遇困，其生活被父母规划，此事引发关注并启示人们成绩非人生唯一追求，父母不应主导孩子人生。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Wang Meng，a university researcher told that he had not spoken to his parents for 12 years in a letter posted online.In his opinion，it is his parents that caused his mental problems."（王萌在网上发布的一封信中告诉他已经12年没有和父母说话了。他认为正是父母导致了他的心理问题。）可知，王萌认为正是他的"父母"导致了他的"心理问题"，因此空处应为"parents"和"problems"。故答案为：parents；problems。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 "Wang Meng，in his thirties，was once a straight﹣A student，who graduated from Peking University."（王萌，三十多岁，曾经是一名全优生，毕业于北京大学。）可知，王萌 "毕业" 于北京大学，年龄是在他的 "三十多岁"，所以空处依次为 "graduated" 和 "thirties"。故答案为：graduated；thirties。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 "He didn't have the basic ability to take care of himself，though he was the best in all his subjects.Because of this，he was often laughed at by his classmates and roommates （室友）."（尽管他各科成绩都是最好的，但他没有基本的自理能力。因此，他经常被他的同学和室友嘲笑。）可知，王萌不 "能" 照顾自己，所以被他的 "同学" 和室友嘲笑，空处依次为 "able" 和 "classmates"。故答案为：able；classmates。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段 "He also had problems looking for a job.He says he has so little self﹣confidence that he cannot get along with other people，and this is part of his mental problems."（他在找工作方面也有问题。他说他非常缺乏自信，以至于无法与其他人相处，这是他心理问题的一部分。）可知，王萌不仅在找 "工作" 方面有问题，而且自信心不足，无法与 "其他人" 相处，空处依次为 "job" 和 "others"。故答案为：job；others。
（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段 "Their development and learning are expected to be connected with their interests and independence.Their parents shouldn't decide their life."（他们的发展和学习应该与他们的兴趣和独立性相联系。他们的父母不应该决定他们的生活。）可知，孩子的发展和学习应该与他们的 "兴趣" 和独立性相联系，父母不应该对孩子的生活做 "决定"，空处依次为 "interests" 和 "decision"。故答案为：interests；decision。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
4． Note﹣taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork.It can make you confident when you are studying.But unluckily，most students don't know how to take notes.
If your teacher writes notes on the blackboard，that's great.You can copy them or write down the most important facts of all in class.Different teachers do things differently.For example，some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class，but they only write the important ones on the blackboard.Other teachers may not write anything down，but they may say something important again and again.
Don't try to write down every word in class，or you might miss some important points.
Some students really learn better with the help of these notes.
Don't be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you've missed.If your teacher speaks too fast and you can't follow what he is saying，you can ask him after paring your notes with your classmates can be good for your learning.It can also help you and your classmates correct some mistakes.
Good note﹣taking takes time.If you decide to recopy your notes every evening，you'll surely have less time to watch TV.But you'll save time in the coming test.
（1）While you are studying，taking notes can make you confident and it can help you do well in all your schoolwork.
（2）Some teachers may repeat the important facts instead of writing them down.
（3）If you miss some important points or can't follow your teacher in class ，don't be afraid to ask him.
（4）Surely，you will have less time to watch TV if you make a decision to recopy your notes every evening .
（5）This passage mainly tells students how they can take notes .
【答案】（1）confident；all（2）repeat；writing（3）follow；afraid（4）less；evening（5）take；notes
【分析】短文讲了记笔记是一种可以帮助你在所有功课上都做好的技能，详细地介绍了学生如何记笔记。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Note﹣taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork.It can make you confident when you are studying.（记笔记是一项可以帮助你做好所有功课的技能。它可以让你在学习时充满信心。）可知，当你学习的时候，记笔记可以让你自信，它可以帮助你做好所有的功课。故填：confident；all。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Different teachers do things differently.For example，some teachers may focus on lots of dates and facts in class，but they only write the important ones on the blackboard.Other teachers may not write anything down，but they may say something important again and again.（不同的老师做事不一样。例如，一些老师可能在课堂上关注大量的日期和事实，但他们只把重要的写在黑板上。其他老师可能不会写下什么，但他们可能会一遍又一遍地说一些重要的事情。）可知，一些老师可能会重复重要的事实，而不是把它们写下来。故填：repeat；writing。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段 Don't be afraid to ask your teacher to repeat what you've missed.If your teacher speaks too fast and you can't follow what he is saying，you can ask him after class.（不要害怕让你的老师重复你错过的内容。如果你的老师说得太快，你听不懂他在说什么，你可以课后问他。）可知，如果你错过了一些重要的要点或者在课堂上跟不上你的老师，不要害怕问他。故填：follow；afraid。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段If you decide to recopy your notes every evening，you'll surely have less time to watch TV.（如果你决定每天晚上都抄笔记，你看电视的时间肯定会减少。）可知，当然，如果你决定每天晚上都抄笔记，你看电视的时间就会减少。故填：less；evening。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第一段Note﹣taking is a skill that can help you do well in all your schoolwork.It can make you confident when you are studying.But unluckily，most students don't know how to take notes.（记笔记是一种能帮助你做好所有功课的技能。它可以让你在学习的时候充满自信。但不幸的是，大多数学生不知道如何做笔记。）可知，这篇文章主要告诉学生如何做笔记。故填：take；notes。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
5． No Car Day was first started by 34 cities in France on September 22，1998.It was started to protect the environment.By now，more than 1，000 cities around the world have had a No Car Day.
The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001.Other cities，including Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan also support the day.
In Beijing，more and more people are joining in the activity.It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work.It also calls on（号召） Beijingers not to use cars on June 5（World Environment Day）.The slogan（口号） for the day is，"If we drive for one less day，we can have one more nice day."
So far，more than 200，000 drivers have shown their support."We can't control the weather，but we can choose not to drive，"said Wu Zonghua，a car club chairman.Beijing is trying to have 238 blue sky days this year.In the first quarter of this year Beijing only have 52 blue sky days.This was 11 days less than the number for the same period last year.Much of the dust（灰尘） comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution.We must do more for No Car Day.
（1）No Car Day was first started to protect the environment .（5个词以内）
（2）According to the passage there are several cities in China that support No Car Day and they are Chengdu，Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan .（10个词以内）
（3）The activity of No Car Day encourages Beijing drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work .（20个词以内）
（4）According to the passage there were sixty﹣three blue sky days in the first quarter of last year .（10个词以内）
（5）We can know from the passage that much of the dust comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution .（20个词以内）
【答案】（1）protect the environment
（2）Chengdu，Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan
（3）to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work
（4）in the first quarter of last year
（5）much of the dust comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution
【分析】本文主要讲述了1998年9月22日，法国34个城市首次启动无车日，开始保护环境，到目前为止，全世界超过1000个城市拥有无车日。文中重点介绍了中国无车日的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句It was started to protect the environment.（它被启动是为了保护环境。）可知，无车日最初被启动是为了保护环境。故答案为：protect the environment。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段The first No Car Day in China was in Chengdu in 2001.Other cities，including Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan also support the day.（中国第一个无车日是2001年在成都启动的。其他的城市，包括台北、上海和武汉也都支持这一天。）可知，中国支持无车日的城市有成都、台北、上海和武汉。故答案为：Chengdu，Taipei，Shanghai and Wuhan。
（3）细节理解题。根据文章第三段中It asks drivers to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work.（它要求司机每个月有一天把他们的车放在家里，步行或骑自行车去上班。）可知，无车日活动鼓励北京司机每个月有一天把他们的车放在家里，步行或骑自行车去上班。故答案为：to leave their cars at home for one day each month and walk or ride a bike to work。
（4）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中In the first quarter of this year Beijing only have 52 blue sky days.This was 11 days less than the number for the same period last year.（今年第一季度北京只有52个蓝天。这比去年同期减少了11天。）可知，有63个蓝天是在去年第一季度。故答案为：in the first quarter of last year。
（5）细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中最后两句Much of the dust comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution.We must do more for No Car Day.（大部分灰尘来自沙漠，但汽车造成了大部分污染。我们必须为无车日做更多的事。）可知，我们可以从文章中知道大部分灰尘来自沙漠，但汽车造成了大部分污染。故答案为：much of the dust comes from the desert，but cars cause most of the pollution。
【点评】这是个任务型阅读题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案。
6． What kind of shoes do you wear most？Perhaps leather shoes or sports shoes.But Chinese people used to wear hand﹣made cloth shoes.
According to historical records，ordinary people were not allowed to wear boots during the Ming Dynasty.Because of this，cloth shoes became popular，especially in Sichuan Province.
Tangchang，a town in Chengdu，is known for making multi﹣sole （千层底的） cloth shoes，which means the shoes' soles are made of many layers of cloth.Tangchang cloth shoes have been made for more than 700 years.
There are 32 steps to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.The soles and upper parts of the shoes are made in a unique way，representing the traditional skill of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.For example，the sole's edges are not covered with cloth.They look fluffy.This is done through repeated polishing （打磨） and trimming（修剪）.
With over 20 types，Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and friendly to the environment.In 2018，they were added to Sichuan's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） list.
（1）During the Ming Dynasty， ordinary people were not allowed to wear boots.
（2）Multi﹣sole cloth shoes are made of many layers of cloth .
（3）There are 32 steps to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.
（4）Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and friendly to the environment
（5）The unique way of making Tangchang cloth shoes stand for the traditional skill of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.
【答案】（1）ordinary people（2）many layers of cloth（3）32 steps （4）friendly to the environment（5）traditional skill
【分析】本文介绍了四川省唐昌千层底布鞋的历史和特点。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段According to historical records，ordinary people were not allowed to wear boots during the Ming Dynasty.（据史料记载，明朝时不允许普通人穿靴子。）可知明朝时不允许普通人穿靴子。故填ordinary people。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Tangchang，a town in Chengdu，is known for making multi﹣sole （千层底的） cloth shoes，which means the shoes' soles are made of many layers of cloth.（唐昌，成都的一个小镇，以制作千层底布鞋而闻名，即鞋底由多层布制成。）可知千层底布鞋是由多层布制成。故填many layers of cloth。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段There are 32 steps to make a pair of Tangchang cloth shoes.（制作一双唐昌布鞋有 32 个步骤。）可知制作一双唐昌布鞋有 32 个步骤。故填32 steps。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段With over 20 types，Tangchang cloth shoes are strong，breathable，and friendly to the environment.（唐昌布鞋有 20 多种款式，结实、透气、环保。）可知唐昌布鞋结实、透气、环保。故填friendly to the environment。
（5）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The soles and upper parts of the shoes are made in a unique way，representing the traditional skill of cloth shoemaking in the western part of Sichuan.（鞋底和鞋帮的制作方法独特，体现了川西布鞋制作的传统技艺。）可知唐昌布鞋独特的制作方法体现了川西布鞋制作的传统技艺。故填traditional skill。
【点评】主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案。
7． How has technology made your life easier？When you go to a shopping mall，you can enjoy free Wi﹣Fi there.When you want to take a taxi，you can order one with your phone.In fact all of these things can be seen as the first step of a smart city.
The idea of smart city was first suggested by a tech company，IBM in 2010.A smart city is a city that uses digital technology（数码技术），like 5 G networks，to save money，resources（资源） and make our life more convenient.
Cities like Boston and Amsterdam are already using smart technology to improve public services.In Boston，smart rubbish bins can been seen everywhere.When the rubbish bins are almost full，they can ring loudly to remind cleaners to clean them.
Smart cities will allow us to save puters and 5 G networks help check water，gas pipes.In this way，they could easily remind workers to fix them when there is a leak（泄露）in them.
Of course，it will take time to build the smart cities of the future.But since we've already seen successful examples，it won't be long until more cities join them.By 2050，about 60% of people will live in smart cities.And I believe they will make our life easier for sure.
（1）What can you do if you want to order taxis according to the passage？
I can order taxis with my phone .
（2）When was the idea of smart city first suggested？
It was first suggested in 2010 .
（3）What are the advantages（优势） of the digital technology according to the second paragraph？
It can help us save money，resources and make our lives more convenient.
（4）How can smart bins remind cleaners when they are almost full？
They can remind cleaners by ringing loudly .
（5）What can we learn from the passage？
Technology can make our life easier .
【答案】（1）with my phone
（2）in 2010
（3）save money，resources
（4）ringing loudly
（5）our life easier
【分析】本文主要讲述了智能城市将会使我们的生活更加轻松便捷。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段When you want to take a taxi，you can order one with your phone.（当你想打车的时候，你可以用手机叫一辆。）可知我可以用手机叫出租车。故填：with my phone。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The idea of smart city was first suggested by a tech company，IBM in 2010.（智慧城市的想法最早是由一家科技公司IBM在2010年提出的。）可知智慧城市的想法最早是在2010年提出的。故填：in 2010。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段A smart city is a city that uses digital technology（数码技术），like 5 G networks，to save money，resources（资源） and make our life more convenient.（智慧城市是一个使用数字技术，如5 G网络来节省资金、资源并使我们的生活更加便利的城市。）可知它可以帮助我们节省金钱、资源，让我们的生活更方便。故填：save money，resources。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段When the rubbish bins are almost full，they can ring loudly to remind cleaners to clean them.（当垃圾桶快满的时候，它们可以大声地响起来提醒清洁工打扫。）可知它们可以通过大声响铃来提醒清洁工。故填：ringing loudly。
（5）主旨大意题。根据最后一段And I believe they will make our life easier for sure.（我相信他们肯定会让我们的生活更轻松。）可知技术可以让我们的生活更轻松。故填：our life easier。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
8．
"Fall" and "Autumn"
What season is it in October？If you ask people from UK，they will tell you it's "autumn".But if you go to US，you will find that people use "autumn" or "fall".
According to Dictionary.com，both words have been around for a long time，but neither of them was first to describe this season.During this season，crops would become ripe （成熟） and farmers would have a big harvest.So in Old English，this season was simply called "harvest".
Then，in the 1600s，more people left their farms and moved to cities.With fewer people farming，the word "harvest" became less useful.English speakers needed a different name for the season.They knew leaves fell from trees during the season，so people started calling it "the fall of the leaf"，or "fall" for short.
But at the end of the 1600s，autumn，from the French word "autompne" and the Latin "autumnus"，came to English. "Fall" as the word for this season disappeared slowly.
At the same time，people in UK were making their first trip to North America.They brought the words "fall" and "autumn" with them.That's why today Americans have two names for one season.
（1）According to the passage，either autumn or fall is in October every year.
（2）People call this season "harvest" in Old English because crops would become ripe .
（3）In the 1600s，more people left their farms to move to cities.
（4）Fall is short for the fall of the leaf.
（5）The passage is mainly about the history of the names of the season in October.
【答案】（1）in October
（2）crops；ripe
（3）move to
（4）short for
（5）the history
【分析】本文主要介绍了英语中"秋季"的两个名称"autumn"和"fall"的历史。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"What season is it in October？If you ask people from UK，they will tell you it's 'autumn'.But if you go to US，you will find that people use 'autumn' or 'fall'."（十月是什么季节？如果你问英国人，他们会告诉你现在是"秋天"。但是如果你去美国，你会发现人们用"autumn"或"fall"。）可知，不管是"autumn"还是"fall"都在每年的十月。故填in October。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"During this season，crops would become ripe （成熟） and farmers would have a big harvest.So in Old English，this season was simply called 'harvest'."（在这个季节，庄稼会成熟，农民会有一个大丰收。所以在古英语中，这个季节被简单地称为"harvest"。）可知，在古英语中，人们称这个季节为"harvest"是因为作物会成熟。故填crops；ripe。
（3）细节理解题。根据第3段"Then，in the 1600s，more people left their farms and moved to cities."（然后，在17世纪，更多的人离开了他们的农场，搬到了城市。）可知，在17世纪，更多的人离开了他们的农场，搬到了城市。故填move to。
（4）细节理解题。根据第3段"so people started calling it 'the fall of the leaf'，or 'fall' for short."（所以人们开始称它为"落叶"，或者简称为"fall"。）可知，fall是the fall of the leaf的缩写，be short for"是……的缩写"。故填short for。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第1段"What season is it in October？If you ask people from UK，they will tell you it's 'autumn'.But if you go to US，you will find that people use 'autumn' or 'fall'."（十月是什么季节？如果你问英国人，他们会告诉你现在是"秋天"。但是如果你去美国，你会发现人们用"autumn"或"fall"。）和通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了十月的季节名称"autumn"和"fall"的历史，故填the history。
【点评】做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。其次，细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
9．Hi!I'm the Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway.I've felt happy recently because a new high﹣speed railway now links the two cities.Do you want to know my story？
I was born in 1909.I'm 114 years old now.The one who made me was Zhan Tianyou.He was a brave and smart man.He believed China should build its own railways without other countries' help.So he built me，China's first self﹣built railway.
At first，my trains used steam（蒸汽） and they were very slow.Their top speed was only 35 km/h.Then，the trains started to use diesel（柴油）.Later，there were even better trains that used electricity.But it still took more than three hours to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou，Hebei.
In 2019，the new high﹣speed railway opened on Dec.30.I was so excited.It will help people travel more faster.The high﹣speed train has a top speed of 350 km/h!It only takes 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou.
During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics，Beijing and Zhangjiakou，the two host cities of the event，welcomed lots of people from around the world.
I'm too old to keep working these days，but people will keep me as part of history.It's a little sad.But I'm still proud of all the changes China has made.Zhan Tianyou must be proud too.
（1）The Beijing﹣Zhangjiakou railway was built in 1909 .
（2）Zhan Tianyou was a brave and smart man.
（3）At first，the trains' top speed was only 35 km/h because they used steam .
（4）It only takes 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou by high﹣speed trains.
（5）After reading the passage，we may feel proud about the changes of China.
【答案】（1）1909 （2）brave and smart （3）used steam （4）47 minutes （5）proud
【分析】本文主要介绍了京张铁路的相关信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"I was born in 1909."（我出生于1909年。）可知，京张铁路修建于1909年。故填1909。
（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"The one who made me was Zhan Tianyou.He was a brave and smart man."（造就我的是詹天佑。他是一个勇敢而聪明的人。）可知，詹天佑是一个勇敢聪明的人。故填brave and smart。
（3）细节理解题。根据第3段"At first，my trains used steam（蒸汽） and they were very slow.Their top speed was only 35 km/h."（起初，我的火车使用蒸汽，而且速度很慢。他们的最高速度只有35公里/小时。）可知，起初，火车的最高时速只有35千米，因为它们使用的是蒸汽。故填used steam。
（4）细节理解题。根据第4段"The high﹣speed train has a top speed of 350 km/h!It only takes 47 minutes to travel from Beijing to Zhangjiakou."（高速列车的最高速度是350公里/小时！从北京到张家口只需47分钟。）可知，坐高铁从北京到张家口只需要47分钟。故填47 minutes。
（5）细节理解题。根据第6段"But I'm still proud of all the changes China has made.Zhan Tianyou must be proud too."（但我仍然为中国所做的一切改变感到骄傲。詹天佑一定也很骄傲。）可知，在读了这篇文章后，我们可能会对中国的变化感到自豪。故填proud。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
10． Water is believed to be the lifeblood.Chinese civilization is one of the world's ancient river civilizations.For thousands of years，the Yellow River，the Yangtze River and other rivers have run through the land of China.They connect the Chinese culture to water from the birth of Chinese civilization.
However，water doesn't just have a useful side.Water is highly important for lives and growing things，but if we don't control it，it can also cause big problems.In order to use water in the best way possibly，Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to manage bad effects of water.For ex﹣ample，the Dujiangyan in Sichuan was cleverly built.It makes full use of nature of the area without harming the environment.
Water is also given special meanings to educate Chinese people.According to Confucius，water had qualities such as fairness and courage.One of his famous sayings"He who is wise loves water，he who is virtuous（道德高尚的）loves mountains."is still popular today.
World Water Day is held on March 22nd every year.Being the most common thing in daily life，water stands for a culture that is in the heart of every Chinese.We should take action to value and save water.
（1）Chinese civilization is one of the world's ancient river civilizations.
（2）Water has a useful side ，but it can also cause big problems if we don't control it.
（3）Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to manage bad effects of water .
（4）Water is also given special meanings to educate Chinese people.
（5）The writer suggests every Chinese take action to value and save water .
【答案】（1）the world's ancient river
（2）a useful side
（3）manage bad effects of water
（4）special meanings
（5）value and save water
【分析】本文主要介绍了水被认为是生命之源，作为日常生活中最常见的东西，水代表着每个中国人心中的文化，我们应该采取行动重视和节约用水。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Chinese civilization is one of the world's ancient river civilizations.（中华文明是世界上最古老的河流文明之一。）可知中华文明是世界上最古老的河流文明之一。故填：the world's ancient river。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中However，water doesn't just have a useful side.Water is highly important for lives and growing things，but if we don't control it，it can also cause big problems.（然而，水不仅仅有有用的一面。水对生命和作物非常重要，但如果我们不控制它，它也会造成大问题。）可知水有有用的一面，但如果我们不控制它，它也会造成大问题。故填：a useful side。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段中In order to use water in the best way possibly，Chinese people have always tried to find better ways to manage bad effects of water.（为了尽可能以最好的方式使用水，中国人一直试图找到更好的方法来管理水的不良影响。）可知中国人民一直试图找到更好的方法来管理水的不良影响。故填：manage bad effects of water。
（4）细节理解题。根据第三段首句Water is also given special meanings to educate Chinese people.（水也被赋予了特殊的意义来教育中国人。）可知水也被赋予特殊的意义来教育中国人。故填：special meanings。
（5）细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句We should take action to value and save water.（我们应该采取行动重视和节约用水。）可知作者建议每个中国人采取行动，重视和节约用水。故填：value and save water。
【点评】这是个任务型阅读题，主要考查学生的阅读理解能力及知识运用能力。答题时细节理解题可直接根据文中细节得出答案。
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