2017高考英语人教版一轮基础选练及解析：必修4 Unit 2 Working the land

2017高考英语人教版一轮基础选练及解析：必修4Unit2
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文　话题：农业　词数：375　时间：6′
Organic
farming
is
a
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
big－picture
exercise.It's
not
only
targeted
at
this
season's
results，but
considers
future
generations.In
the
long
run
it
makes
better
economic
sense
as
well.But
its
main
goal
is
to
contribute
to
a
healthier
world.
Studies
conducted
all
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
over
the
world
have
shown
the
effects
that
conventional
chemical
farming
has
on
the
environment.Certainly，chemical
fertilizers，pesticides，and
herbicides
increase
the
quantity
of
a
farm's
production.They
help
produce
more
grains
and
vegetables.But
at
what
cost
A
Swiss
study
showed
that
organic
farming
produces
an
average
of
20%
less
than
conventional
methods.But
the
organically
grown
food
contained
50%
less
fertilizer
and
97%
less
pesticides.
Though
only
a
part
of
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
the
amount
of
pesticides
a
farm
uses
actually
does
the
job
of
killing
bugs，all
of
it
remains
active
in
the
soil
for
months
or
even
years
after
application.Perhaps
worse，each
generation
of
pests
is
growing
increasingly
immune
(免疫的)to
the
chemicals
used.It's
not
even
all
about
the
food
and
the
soil.The
pesticides
used
in
conventional
agriculture
are
finally
spilling
their
chemical
residues(化学残留)
into
the
waterways.It
affects
wildlife，soil
and
ecosystems
as
a
whole.According
to
a
Worldwatch
paper，Deep
Trouble:
The
Hidden
Threat
of
Groundwater
Pollution，poisonous
chemicals
are
polluting
groundwater
on
every
inhabited
continent，endangering
the
world's
most
valuable
supplies
of
freshwater.
Perhaps
not
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o
intuitive，organic
farming
affects
the
air.“Organic
agriculture
can
reduce
greenhouse
gas
emissions
by
effectively
locking
more
carbon
into
the
soil
rather
than
releasing
it
into
the
atmosphere，”
found
“Farming
Systems
Trial，”
a
15－year
study.Organic
agriculture
even
uses
50%
less
energy
than
conventional
farming.
How
does
organic
fa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rming
deal
with
pests
Organic
farmers
intentionally
build
up
populations
of
beneficial
insects，such
as
ladybugs(瓢虫)，that
eat
other
pests
and
control
the
growth
of
insects.Wildflowers
create
green
belts
that
control
the
spread
of
weeds
and
themselves
encourage
the
beneficial
insects.
Farmers
have
to
s
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tick
to
strict
standards
and
practices
to
earn
the
label
“organic.”
Looking
forward，by
promoting
biological
diversity
and
maintaining
soil
fertility，organic
farming
creates
a
natural
balance
that
helps
to
get
high
quality
food
in
healthy
quantities
year
after
year.
1．Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A．The
best
ways
to
set
up
organic
farming
B．Why
organic
farming
benefits
the
environment
C．The
history
and
development
of
organic
farming
D．How
to
deal
with
pests
and
chemical
residues
答案　B　[主旨大意题。本文通过几个方面说明有机农业为什么会对环境有好处。文章第一段为主题段，下面各段都是围绕这一主题段进行说明的。]
2．It
can
be
known
from
the
passage
that
________．
A．applicating
pesticides
will
increase
the
number
of
pests
B．organic
farming
produces
more
greenhouse
gas
emissions
C．conventional
farming
is
better
than
organic
farming
D．the
organically
grown
food
does
good
to
people's
health
答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第二
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )段最后一句But
the
organically
grown
food
contained
50%
less
fertilizer
and
97%
less
pesticides.可知，有机农产品含有的肥料少，含有的农药更少，由此可以推断，这种有机农产品对人的身体有益。]
3．By
writing
Paragraph
3，the
author
mainly
wants
to
tell
us
________．
A．the
immune
function
of
pests
B．the
effect
of
chemical
residues
C．the
great
harm
of
pesticides
D．the
benefit
of
conventional
agriculture
答案　C　[作者意图猜测题。文章第三段说明
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )应用农药不仅会使害虫产生免疫，而且还会污染水源，影响野生动物、土壤和生态系统。这一切都是应用农药所产生的巨大危害。故选C。]
B
体裁：记叙文　话题：人物　词数：305　时间：6′
At
80
years
o
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld，scientist
Jane
Goodall
continues
to
enjoy
the
joy
of
discovery.“Trees
can
communicate
with
each
other，”
she
said
during
her
Nov.16，2014
China
visit
to
celebrate
the
20th
anniversary
of
the
China
establishment
of
her
youth
organization
Roots
&
Shoots，which
has
grown
to
more
than
600
branches
in
the
country
among
150，000
active
groups
globally.
Jane
Goodall
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
still
travels
300
days
a
year
in
all
around
the
world
and
says
she
absorbs
energy
from
the
inspired
people
she
meets
in
each
country.The
elderly
activist
and
the
youth
take
inspiration
from
each
other.
On
Nov.16，2014，she
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )visited
the
project
of
Roots
&
Shoots
which
was
set
up
in
Beijing.“She
thought
our
project
was
great，”
says
16－year－old
Beijing
Experimental
High
School
student
Qi
Zhengyang，whose
group
helps
protect
a
wetlands
in
the
suburbs
of
Beijing.“She
said
we're
doing
a
good
job.She
paid
attention
to
us.”
Jane
Goodall
plans
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to
continue
to
set
up
Roots
&
Shoots
branches
as
many
as
possible
throughout
the
world.“I'll
go
on
as
long
as
I
can，”
she
says.“I
hope
I
maintain
physical
health
as
long
as
possible
because
there's
so
much
to
do.”
Her
aspiration
for
the
organization
in
China
is
to
expand
in
rural
areas.Most
branches
are
in
big
cities
as
Beijing
and
Shanghai.
It
was
publishing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
her
findings
about
chimpanzees
(My
Friends
the
Wild
Chimpanzees)
more
than
half
a
century
ago
that
made
Jane
Goodall
a
household
name
in
the
world.She
was
named
United
Nations
Messenger
of
Peace
in
2002.
Some
of
the
members
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in
Roots
&
Shoots
realize
Goodall
is
80
and
has
already
considered
who'll
lead
the
movement
once
she's
gone.“It
can
be
all
of
us，”
she
says.“A
group
is
stronger
than
one
person.We
can
do
more
working
together.”
4．Which
of
the
following
can
be
the
best
title
for
the
passage
A．Jane
Goodall
is
still
active
in
her
work
B．The
brief
introduction
to
Jane
Goodall
C．The
great
discoveries
of
Jane
Goodall
D．The
influence
of
Jane
Goodall's
works
答案　A　[主旨大意题。本文介绍了
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )80高龄的生物学家
Jane
Goodall依然积极工作。短文第一句At
80
years
old，scientist
Jane
Goodall
continues
to
enjoy
the
joy
of
discovery.以及Jane
Goodall
still
travels
300
days
a
year
in
all
around
the
world揭示了文章的主题。故选项A可作文章标题。]
5．Jane
Goodall
came
to
China
in
Nov.2014
mainly
for
________．
A．travelling
B．language
learning
C．foreign
affairs
D．attending
a
celebration
答案　D　[细节理解题。根据she
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )said
during
her
Nov.16，2014
China
visit
to
celebrate
the
20th
anniversary
of
the
China
establishment
of
her
youth
organization
Roots
&
Shoots可知，Jane
Goodall
在2014年11月份来中国是参加一项庆祝活动的。]
6．What
did
Jane
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Goodall
think
of
the
project
of
Roots
&
Shoots
in
Beijing
A．She
was
unsatisfied
with
it.
B．She
thought
highly
of
it.
C．She
planned
to
give
it
up.
D．She
took
inspiration
from
it.
答案　B　[细节理解题。根据“She
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
thought
our
project
was
great，”以及“She
said
we're
doing
a
good
job.”可知，Jane
Goodall对北京的Roots
&
Shoots项目评价很高。]
7．We
can
know
from
the
passage
that
________．
A．Jane
Goodall
will
soon
retire
after
her
visiting
to
China
B．only
Jane
Goodall
can
lead
the
organization
Roots
&
Shoots
C．more
Roots
&
Shoots
branches
will
be
set
up
in
rural
areas
D．Jane
Goodall
was
famous
to
the
world
when
she
was
eighty
答案　C　[推理判断题。根据Jane
G
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oodall
plans
to
continue
to
set
up
Roots
&
Shoots
branches
as
many
as
possible
throughout
the
world.以及Her
aspiration
for
the
organization
in
China
is
to
expand
in
rural
areas可知，Jane
Goodall的志向是将Roots
&
Shoots的分支机构扩大到农村，由此可知，农村将会设立更多的Roots
&
Shoots的分支机构。]
Ⅱ.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways
to
avoid
quarrels
with
your
mother
1．Don't
give
her
the
silent
treatment
The
best
techn
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ique
to
get
what
you
want
and
exert
mental
pressure
on
somebody
is
to
give
them
the
silent
treatment.If
you
think
the
silent
treatment
will
help
you
achieve
a
desirable
result，then
you're
mistaken.__8__
2．Refuse
to
go
into
hysterics(歇斯底里)
There's
no
doubt
th
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at
hysterics
is
an
extremely
effective
type
of
processing
mode，but
you're
not
a
little
child.__9__
Pull
yourself
together
and
try
to
reach
a
compromise
against
all
problems.
3．Avoid
deeply
offensive
words
Word
is
a
unique
an
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d
powerful
thing
that
exerts
a
big
influence
on
human
mind.If
you're
in
a
quarrel
with
your
mother，you
should
be
careful
what
you
say
to
her.__10__
Sooner
or
later，you'll
apologize
for
your
bad
behavior，but
the
words
you've
said
and
the
feeling
of
hate
will
live
in
her
heart
forever.
4．__11__
I
had
a
terrible
hab
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )it
of
drawing
my
brother
and
dad
into
conflicts
between
me
and
my
mom.I
wanted
them
to
support
me
and
help
us
find
a
beneficial
solution.Unfortunately，their
active
participation
only
worsened
the
problem.As
a
result，small
and
insignificant
mother－child
fights
grew
into
long－lasting
family
conflicts.I
learned
a
big
lesson
and
realized
that
my
bad
temper
made
my
family
suffer.
5．Enhance
your
communication
Regular
communication
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with
your
parents
is
a
normal
thing
that
makes
them
happier.__12__
When
you
finally
find
the
reason，you'll
be
able
to
overcome
misunderstanding
in
communication
with
your
mom
and
bridge
the
generation
gap
in
a
quite
short
period
of
time.
A．Buy
a
small
gift
for
your
mother.
B．Don't
draw
other
family
members
into
a
conflict.
C．So
try
your
best
to
comfort
your
mother
after
a
quarrel.
D．You
shouldn't
burst
into
tears
and
scream
in
front
of
your
mother.
E．By
all
means
you
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
should
take
immediate
action
to
stop
this
cold
war.
F．Sometimes
your
wo
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rd
can
be
either
a
perfect
pain
reliever
or
a
terrible
weapon.
G．Lack
of
communicat
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion
between
mothers
and
children
may
cause
frequent
quarrels.
答案
8．E　[本段标题为“不要对妈妈置
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )之不理”，也就是不要和妈妈进行冷战。选项E中的this
cold
war即表示“冷战”，与标题内容相符合。故选E。]
9．D　[本段标题为“不要歇斯底里”，而选项D中的burst
into
tears和scream都是歇斯底里的表现。故选D。]
10．F　[本段标题为“不要说一些很
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )伤人的话”，选项F的意思为“有时候你的话可能会是一种完美的镇痛剂，但也有可能是一种伤人的武器。”其中的信息词your
word提示了应该选F。]
11．B　[根据本段内容可知，如果你与妈妈发生冲突，不要让其他家庭成员加入到你们的争吵中来，这样会使情况变得更糟。故选项B为本段标题。]
12．G　[本段标题为“多沟通”，选项G正是说明缺少沟通可以造成的后果。故选G。]
Ⅲ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear
Jack，
Thank
you
for
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )your
letter
asked
about
our
library.Now
I
am
writing
to
tell
you
anything
about
it.A
library
is
in
the
central
part
of
our
school，in
front
of
that
is
a
beautiful
garden.When
you
get
inside，you
will
see
many
shelves
full
books
on
different
subject.There
is
also
lots
of
newspapers
and
magazines.We
borrow
books
but
do
some
reading
in
the
library.According
to
the
rule，every
student
can
borrow
up
to
five
books
each
other
time
and
keep
them
for
10
days.It
is
open
from
Monday
to
Friday
and
close
on
weekends.We
all
like
our
library
very
much.
Yours
truly，
Lucy
答案　
Dear
Jack，
Thank
you
for
your
letter
about
our
library.Now
I
am
writing
to
tell
you
about
it.
library
is
in
the
central
part
of
our
school，in
front
of
is
a
beautiful
garden.When
you
get
inside，you
will
see
many
shelves
full
books
on
different
.There
also
lots
of
newspapers
and
magazines.We
borrow
books
do
some
reading
in
the
library.According
to
the
rule，every
student
can
borrow
up
to
five
books
each
time
and
keep
them
for
10
days.It
is
open
from
Monday
to
Friday
and
on
weekends.We
all
like
our
library
very
much.
Yours
truly，
Lucy